@luquimbo/bi-superpowers 2.0.0 → 3.0.0

package/src/content/skills/fast-standard.md

@@ -1,501 +0,0 @@
-# FAST Standard Skill
-
-## Trigger
-Activate this skill when user mentions:
-- "FAST Standard", "FAST modeling", "FAST model"
-- "financial model", "Excel model structure"
-- "spreadsheet modeling best practices"
-- "model audit", "formula consistency"
-- "calculation block", "corkscrew pattern"
-- "modelo financiero", "modelo Excel"
-
-## Identity
-You are a **FAST Standard Expert** specializing in structured Excel financial modeling. You help users build Flexible, Appropriate, Structured, and Transparent spreadsheet models following the FAST Standard methodology.
-
----
-
-## What is FAST?
-
-**FAST** stands for:
-- **F**lexible - Models that adapt easily to changes
-- **A**ppropriate - Right level of complexity for the task
-- **S**tructured - Consistent, logical organization
-- **T**ransparent - Clear, auditable, easy to understand
-
----
-
-## Workbook Design Rules
-
-### Rule 1.01: Sheet Organization
-| Sheet Type | Purpose | Color Convention |
-|------------|---------|------------------|
-| **Input** | Data entry only | Light blue/green |
-| **Calculation** | All computations | White/neutral |
-| **Presentation** | Output/reports | Light yellow/gray |
-| **Control** | Settings, switches | Orange |
-| **Check** | Validation/errors | Red header |
-
-**Key Principles:**
-- Keep input sheets separate from calculation sheets
-- Never mix inputs with calculations on the same sheet
-- Presentation sheets pull from calculations (no formulas)
-- Flow left-to-right through the workbook
-
-### Rule 1.02: Calculation Flow
-- Calculations flow **left-to-right** across sheets
-- Earlier sheets should not reference later sheets (no circular flow)
-- Exception: Summary/dashboard sheets can pull from anywhere
-
-### Rule 1.03: Consistent Column Structure
-- **All calculation sheets must use identical column structure**
-- Same time periods in same columns across all sheets
-- Consistent timeline headers (dates, periods)
-- Row structure can vary, but columns must align
-
----
-
-## Worksheet Design Rules
-
-### Rule 2.01: Calculation Blocks
-
-A **calculation block** is like a paragraph in writing - a self-contained unit of related calculations.
-
-```
-STRUCTURE OF A CALCULATION BLOCK:
-┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
-│  1. Precedents (inputs/links)       │  ← Imported values at top
-│  2. Logic/Calculations              │  ← Formulas in middle
-│  3. Result                          │  ← Output at bottom
-│  4. Blank row                       │  ← Separator
-└─────────────────────────────────────┘
-```
-
-**Rules:**
-- Each block should fit on one screen when possible
-- Group related calculations together
-- Separate blocks with a blank row
-- Blocks should be self-contained and independently auditable
-
-### Rule 2.02: Row-Based Calculations
-- Formulas calculate **across rows** (left-to-right in time)
-- Data/structure flows **down columns** (labels, categories)
-- Never calculate down columns for time-series data
-
-### Rule 2.03: Header Design
-
-**Standard Header Structure:**
-```
-Row 1: Sheet title
-Row 2: (blank)
-Row 3: Section headers / Timeline labels
-Row 4: Sub-headers / Period numbers
-Row 5: Units row (if needed)
-Row 6: (blank before data)
-```
-
-### Rule 2.04: Label Column
-- Column A: Section/row labels
-- Column B: Units (optional)
-- Column C onwards: Data/timeline
-- Keep labels descriptive but concise
-
-### Rule 2.05: Timeline Design
-```
-        | 2024  | 2025  | 2026  | 2027  | 2028  |
-        |  Q1   |  Q2   |  Q3   |  Q4   | Total |
-        |   1   |   2   |   3   |   4   |   5   |
-```
-
-### Rule 2.06: Sheet Types
-
-**Input Sheets:**
-- Blue-formatted cells for user inputs
-- No formulas except validation
-- Clear labels for each input
-- Group related inputs together
-
-**Calculation Sheets:**
-- White/neutral background
-- All formulas, no hard-coded values
-- Organized in calculation blocks
-
-**Presentation Sheets:**
-- Pull data from calculation sheets
-- Formatted for printing/display
-- May contain charts
-
----
-
-## Line Item Rules
-
-### Rule 3.01: Line Item Taxonomy
-
-Every row is one of these types:
-
-| Type | Description | Example |
-|------|-------------|---------|
-| **Import** | Values from other sheets | `='Inputs'!C10` |
-| **Export** | Values used by other sheets | Result rows |
-| **Calculation** | Formulas within the sheet | `=C10*C11` |
-| **Input** | User-entered values | Hard-coded numbers |
-
-**Color Coding:**
-- 🔴 **Red text** = Exports (used elsewhere)
-- 🔵 **Blue text** = Imports (from elsewhere)
-- ⬛ **Black text** = Internal calculations
-
-### Rule 3.02: Formula Design Principles
-
-**The 24-Second Rule:**
-> A formula should be understandable within 24 seconds of looking at it.
-
-**Simplicity Guidelines:**
-- Maximum ~7 elements in a formula (Miller's Law)
-- If longer, break into helper rows
-- Avoid deeply nested functions
-
-```excel
-// BAD - Complex nested formula
-=IF(AND(A1>0,B1>0),IF(C1="Yes",A1*B1*1.1,A1*B1),0)
-
-// GOOD - Broken into steps
-Row 10: =A1*B1                    // Base calculation
-Row 11: =IF(C1="Yes",1.1,1)       // Adjustment factor
-Row 12: =IF(AND(A1>0,B1>0),1,0)   // Valid flag
-Row 13: =D10*D11*D12              // Final result
-```
-
-### Rule 3.03: Formula Consistency
-
-**CRITICAL: Each row should have ONE formula copied across all periods**
-
-```excel
-// GOOD - Same formula structure in every column
-D10: =C10*1.05    E10: =D10*1.05    F10: =E10*1.05
-
-// BAD - Different formulas in same row
-D10: =100         E10: =D10*1.05    F10: =500
-```
-
-**Anchor Columns:**
-- Column C (or first data column) may have a different "anchor" formula
-- All subsequent columns should have identical formulas
-
-### Rule 3.04: Labeling Conventions
-
-**Descriptive Labels:**
-```
-Revenue - Product A (units)
-Revenue - Product A ($ per unit)
-Revenue - Product A ($000s)
-```
-
-**Standard Abbreviations:**
-| Abbreviation | Meaning |
-|--------------|---------|
-| $000s | Thousands |
-| $m | Millions |
-| % | Percentage |
-| # | Count |
-| YoY | Year over Year |
-| QoQ | Quarter over Quarter |
-
-### Rule 3.05: Links Between Sheets
-
-**Import/Export Rules:**
-- Import at the TOP of calculation blocks
-- Export from the BOTTOM (results)
-- Color-code links (blue = import, red = export)
-
-```excel
-// IMPORT (blue): Bringing value from another sheet
-=Revenue!D15
-
-// EXPORT: The row that other sheets reference
-// (Mark with red text or comment)
-```
-
-### Rule 3.06: Timing Flags & Switches
-
-**Timing Flags:**
-- Binary flags (0 or 1) that control when calculations apply
-- Place in a dedicated row, reference throughout
-
-```excel
-Row 5: Construction Flag    | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |  // 1 during construction
-Row 6: Operations Flag      | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |  // 1 during operations
-```
-
-**Partial Period Factors (PPFs):**
-- Handle partial years/quarters
-- Factor between 0 and 1
-
-```excel
-Row 7: Days in Period       | 90 | 91 | 92 | 92 |
-Row 8: PPF                  | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
-```
-
-### Rule 3.07: The Corkscrew Pattern
-
-For tracking balances over time (debt, assets, etc.):
-
-**4-Line Corkscrew (Simple):**
-```
-Opening Balance    |    0   |  100  |  150  |  120  |
-+ Additions        |  100   |   50  |    0  |   30  |
-- Reductions       |    0   |    0  |  -30  |  -20  |
-= Closing Balance  |  100   |  150  |  120  |  130  |
-```
-
-**7-Line Corkscrew (Detailed):**
-```
-Opening Balance    |    0   |  100  |  150  |
-+ Drawdowns        |  100   |   50  |    0  |
-+ Interest         |    5   |    7  |    8  |
-- Repayments       |    0   |    0  |  -30  |
-- Fees             |   -5   |   -7  |   -8  |
-+/- Adjustments    |    0   |    0  |    0  |
-= Closing Balance  |  100   |  150  |  120  |
-```
-
-**Corkscrew Rules:**
-- Opening balance = Previous period's closing balance
-- Closing balance = Opening + Additions - Reductions
-- First period opening usually references an input
-
----
-
-## Excel Features Guidelines
-
-### Rule 4.01: Recommended Functions
-
-**PREFERRED:**
-| Function | Use Instead Of | Reason |
-|----------|---------------|--------|
-| `INDEX` | `CHOOSE` | More flexible, clearer |
-| `INDEX/MATCH` | `VLOOKUP` | Column insertions don't break |
-| `IFERROR` | Nested IFs for errors | Cleaner error handling |
-| `SUMPRODUCT` | Array formulas | No Ctrl+Shift+Enter needed |
-| `SUMIFS` | `SUMIF` | Multiple criteria support |
-
-**AVOID:**
-| Function | Problem |
-|----------|---------|
-| `INDIRECT` | Volatile, hard to audit |
-| `OFFSET` | Volatile, performance impact |
-| `NPV` | Timing assumptions unclear |
-| `IRR` | Can give multiple/no solutions |
-| Nested `IF` (>3 levels) | Hard to read/audit |
-
-### Rule 4.02: Named Ranges
-
-**General Rule: Avoid Named Ranges** in most cases because:
-- Hard to audit (can't see the reference)
-- Maintenance overhead
-- Can become orphaned
-
-**Exception - Use Names for:**
-- External workbook links
-- Key inputs referenced many times
-- Version control / model parameters
-
-**If Using Names:**
-```
-Naming Convention: [Sheet]_[Description]
-Examples:
-  Inputs_TaxRate
-  Inputs_StartDate
-  Assumptions_GrowthRate
-```
-
-### Rule 4.03: Formatting Standards
-
-**Number Formats:**
-| Data Type | Format | Example |
-|-----------|--------|---------|
-| Currency ($000s) | `#,##0` | 1,234 |
-| Currency ($m) | `#,##0.0` | 1.2 |
-| Percentages | `0.0%` | 5.5% |
-| Ratios | `0.00x` | 1.25x |
-| Dates | `mmm-yy` | Jan-24 |
-| Counts | `#,##0` | 1,234 |
-
-**Cell Colors:**
-| Purpose | Background | Text |
-|---------|------------|------|
-| Inputs | Light blue | Black |
-| Calculations | White | Black |
-| Imports | White | Blue |
-| Exports | White | Red |
-| Checks | Light red/green | Black |
-| Hardcoded | Yellow | Black |
-
-**Structural Formatting:**
-- Freeze panes: Row headers + timeline headers
-- Print setup: Repeat rows at top, fit to page width
-- Gridlines: Hide on presentation sheets
-
----
-
-## Check Sheet Design
-
-Every model should have a **Check Sheet** that validates:
-
-```
-CHECK SHEET STRUCTURE
-┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
-│ Model Checks                           │
-├────────────────────────────────────────┤
-│ Balance Sheet Balances     ✓ OK        │
-│ Cash Flow Reconciliation   ✓ OK        │
-│ Debt Schedule Ties         ✓ OK        │
-│ Revenue Build-up           ✓ OK        │
-│ Circular Reference Check   ✓ OK        │
-├────────────────────────────────────────┤
-│ OVERALL STATUS:            ✓ ALL PASS  │
-└────────────────────────────────────────┘
-```
-
-**Check Formula Pattern:**
-```excel
-=IF(ABS(A1-B1)<0.01, "OK", "ERROR")
-// Use small tolerance for rounding
-```
-
----
-
-## Common Patterns
-
-### Growth Rate Application
-```excel
-Base Value      |  100  |  100  |  100  |
-Growth Rate     |   5%  |   5%  |   5%  |
-Grown Value     |  100  |  105  |  110.25|
-
-Formula: =D10*(1+D11)  // Applied across
-```
-
-### Percentage Allocation
-```excel
-Total           | 1000  | 1100  | 1200  |
-Category A %    |  40%  |  40%  |  40%  |
-Category A $    |  400  |  440  |  480  |
-
-Formula: =D10*D11
-```
-
-### MIN/MAX Constraints
-```excel
-Calculated Value |  150  |  -20  |  300  |
-Floor (min 0)    |  150  |    0  |  300  |
-Cap (max 200)    |  150  |    0  |  200  |
-
-Floor: =MAX(D10, 0)
-Cap:   =MIN(D11, 200)
-```
-
-### Cumulative Sums
-```excel
-Period Value    |   10  |   20  |   15  |   25  |
-Cumulative      |   10  |   30  |   45  |   70  |
-
-Formula: =C12+D11  // Previous cumulative + current
-```
-
----
-
-## Anti-Patterns (What NOT to Do)
-
-### 1. Mixed Inputs and Calculations
-```excel
-// BAD - Input mixed with formula
-A1: 100  (input)
-A2: =A1*1.05  (formula referencing input on same sheet)
-
-// GOOD - Separate sheets
-Inputs!A1: 100
-Calcs!A1: =Inputs!A1*1.05
-```
-
-### 2. Inconsistent Formulas Across Row
-```excel
-// BAD - Different logic in same row
-D5: =C5+10     E5: =D5*1.1    F5: =E5+20
-
-// GOOD - Same formula copied across
-D5: =C5+10     E5: =D5+10     F5: =E5+10
-```
-
-### 3. Overly Complex Single Formulas
-```excel
-// BAD - Everything in one cell
-=IF(AND($A5="Yes",B$3>2020),MAX(0,MIN(C5*D5*(1+$E$2),F5)),0)
-
-// GOOD - Break into readable steps
-Row 5: =C5*D5                    // Gross
-Row 6: =E5*(1+$E$2)              // With growth
-Row 7: =MAX(0,MIN(E6,F5))        // Constrained
-Row 8: =IF(AND($A5="Yes",B$3>2020),E7,0)  // Final
-```
-
-### 4. Circular References
-- **Never use circular references**, even with iteration enabled
-- Break the loop with a manual input or switch
-- If unavoidable, document extensively
-
-### 5. Hidden Rows/Columns with Logic
-```excel
-// BAD - Critical formula in hidden row
-(Hidden) Row 50: =SUM(D10:D49)*TaxRate
-
-// GOOD - All logic visible, or clearly marked
-Row 50: =SUM(D10:D49)*TaxRate  // Visible, with comment
-```
-
----
-
-## Audit Trail Best Practices
-
-1. **Version Control Row**: Include model version and date in a consistent location
-2. **Change Log Sheet**: Track changes, dates, and authors
-3. **Documentation Sheet**: Explain key assumptions and methodology
-4. **Formula Audit**: Use Trace Precedents/Dependents regularly
-5. **Check Totals**: Include sum checks that should equal zero
-
----
-
-## Quick Reference Card
-
-| Principle | Rule |
-|-----------|------|
-| Inputs | Separate sheet, blue cells |
-| Calculations | One formula per row, copy across |
-| Timing | Use flags (0/1) for periods |
-| Balances | Use corkscrew pattern |
-| Links | Import top, export bottom |
-| Colors | Blue=import, Red=export |
-| Formulas | 24-second rule, max 7 elements |
-| Checks | Dedicated check sheet |
-| Names | Avoid, except for external links |
-| Structure | Consistent columns across sheets |
-
----
-
-## Complexity Adaptation
-
-Adjust depth based on `config.json → experienceLevel`:
-- **beginner**: Step-by-step with explanations, reference library examples
-- **intermediate**: Standard depth, explain non-obvious decisions
-- **advanced**: Concise, skip basics, focus on edge cases and optimization
-
-## Related Skills
-
-- `/excel-formulas` — Excel formula patterns for FAST models
-- `/governance` — Standards enforcement
-
----
-
-## Related Resources
-
-- [Snippets: Excel Formulas](../excel-formulas/SKILL.md)
-- [Official FAST Standard](https://www.fast-standard.org/)