@loomwork/middleware 0.0.0-stage → 0.1.0

package/dist/metering.js

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+"use strict";
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.QuotaExceededError = void 0;
+exports.isBuiltinDimension = isBuiltinDimension;
+exports.isCustomDimensionName = isCustomDimensionName;
+exports.assertMaxCustom = assertMaxCustom;
+exports.overCustomBudget = overCustomBudget;
+exports.meteredPayload = meteredPayload;
+exports.llmUsageTokens = llmUsageTokens;
+exports.meteringMiddleware = meteringMiddleware;
+// ── Resource accounting & quotas (Loom 2.0 K3) ───────────────────────────────
+//
+// The scarce resource for intelligent software is tokens / $ / latency, not CPU
+// cycles. This middleware meters every effect it wraps as a durable RESOURCE_METERED
+// fact (folded into `variables._resources`), and — given a budget — enforces a quota
+// by admission control: once an execution has spent its budget, the next effect is
+// refused (QUOTA_EXCEEDED + a thrown QuotaExceededError that fails the step). Both
+// the accounting and the enforcement are replay-safe (metered facts live in the log;
+// the running total is read from the deterministic fold via `ctx.resources`).
+const core_1 = require("@loomwork/core");
+/** True when `name` is a built-in metering dimension (never a custom one). */
+function isBuiltinDimension(name) {
+    return core_1.BUILTIN_METER_DIMENSIONS.has(name);
+}
+/** True when `name` is a valid custom dimension name (pattern shared with the fold's guard). */
+function isCustomDimensionName(name) {
+    return (0, core_1.isVocabularyName)(name) && !core_1.BUILTIN_METER_DIMENSIONS.has(name);
+}
+/**
+ * Validate a `Budget.maxCustom` and return a FROZEN shallow copy to enforce against (so a later
+ * mutation of the caller's object cannot smuggle in a built-in name or a bad ceiling). Refuses a
+ * built-in dimension name (use `maxTokens` etc.: a custom ceiling on `tokens` would read
+ * `_resources.custom.tokens`, which nothing meters) and a non-numeric ceiling.
+ */
+function assertMaxCustom(maxCustom) {
+    if (maxCustom === undefined)
+        return undefined;
+    for (const [name, max] of Object.entries(maxCustom)) {
+        if (core_1.BUILTIN_METER_DIMENSIONS.has(name)) {
+            throw new Error(`Budget.maxCustom."${name}" names a built-in dimension; use its own max field (e.g. maxTokens)`);
+        }
+        if (typeof max !== "number" || !Number.isFinite(max) || max < 0) {
+            throw new Error(`Budget.maxCustom."${name}" must be a finite non-negative number`);
+        }
+    }
+    return Object.freeze({ ...maxCustom });
+}
+/** The first custom ceiling the spend has reached, as a reason — own-property reads only. */
+function overCustomBudget(custom, maxCustom) {
+    if (maxCustom === undefined)
+        return null;
+    for (const [name, max] of Object.entries(maxCustom)) {
+        const spent = custom !== undefined && Object.hasOwn(custom, name) ? custom[name] : 0;
+        if (spent >= max)
+            return `${name} ${spent} >= budget ${max}`;
+    }
+    return null;
+}
+class QuotaExceededError extends Error {
+    reason;
+    /** A budget refusal is a decision; retrying repeats it (`retryMiddleware` honours this). */
+    retryable = false;
+    constructor(reason) {
+        super(`Quota exceeded: ${reason}`);
+        this.name = "QuotaExceededError";
+        this.reason = reason;
+    }
+}
+exports.QuotaExceededError = QuotaExceededError;
+function overBudget(r, b) {
+    if (b.maxCostUsd !== undefined && r.costUsd >= b.maxCostUsd) {
+        return `cost ${r.costUsd} >= budget ${b.maxCostUsd} USD`;
+    }
+    if (b.maxTokens !== undefined && r.tokens >= b.maxTokens) {
+        return `tokens ${r.tokens} >= budget ${b.maxTokens}`;
+    }
+    if (b.maxMemBytes !== undefined && (r.memBytes ?? 0) >= b.maxMemBytes) {
+        return `memBytes ${r.memBytes ?? 0} >= budget ${b.maxMemBytes}`;
+    }
+    if (b.maxWallMs !== undefined && (r.wallMs ?? 0) >= b.maxWallMs) {
+        return `wallMs ${r.wallMs ?? 0} >= budget ${b.maxWallMs}`;
+    }
+    if (b.maxNetBytes !== undefined && (r.netBytes ?? 0) >= b.maxNetBytes) {
+        return `netBytes ${r.netBytes ?? 0} >= budget ${b.maxNetBytes}`;
+    }
+    return overCustomBudget(r.custom, b.maxCustom);
+}
+/** The RESOURCE_METERED payload for a delta — only dimensions the pricing reported. */
+function meteredPayload(delta, ms) {
+    return {
+        ...(delta.tokens !== undefined && { tokens: delta.tokens }),
+        ...(delta.costUsd !== undefined && { costUsd: delta.costUsd }),
+        ...(delta.memBytes !== undefined && { memBytes: delta.memBytes }),
+        ...(delta.wallMs !== undefined && { wallMs: delta.wallMs }),
+        ...(delta.netBytes !== undefined && { netBytes: delta.netBytes }),
+        ...(delta.custom !== undefined && { custom: delta.custom }),
+        ms: delta.ms ?? ms,
+    };
+}
+/** Read token usage from an LlmResponse-shaped result (`{ usage: { inputTokens, outputTokens } }`). */
+function llmUsageTokens(result) {
+    const usage = result
+        ?.usage;
+    if (usage === undefined || usage === null)
+        return 0;
+    return (usage.inputTokens ?? 0) + (usage.outputTokens ?? 0);
+}
+function meteringMiddleware(options) {
+    const now = options.clock ?? (() => Date.now());
+    const frozenMax = assertMaxCustom(options.budget?.maxCustom);
+    const budget = options.budget === undefined
+        ? undefined
+        : { ...options.budget, ...(frozenMax !== undefined && { maxCustom: frozenMax }) };
+    return async (ctx, input, next) => {
+        // Admission control: refuse if the execution has already spent its budget.
+        if (budget !== undefined && ctx.resources !== undefined) {
+            const reason = overBudget(ctx.resources, budget);
+            if (reason !== null) {
+                ctx.emit("QUOTA_EXCEEDED", { stepId: ctx.stepId, reason });
+                throw new QuotaExceededError(reason);
+            }
+        }
+        const start = now();
+        let result;
+        try {
+            result = await next();
+        }
+        catch (err) {
+            // K8 — meter an aborted effect before rethrowing. Metering normally runs
+            // after next(), so a severed call would never be seen and
+            // start-expensive-effect → cancel → repeat could evade the budget forever.
+            // Only aborts are metered here; an ordinary failure keeps today's
+            // unmetered semantics.
+            if (ctx.signal?.aborted === true) {
+                const ms = now() - start;
+                const delta = options.pricing({
+                    stepId: ctx.stepId,
+                    input,
+                    result: undefined,
+                    ms,
+                    aborted: true,
+                });
+                ctx.emit("RESOURCE_METERED", meteredPayload(delta, ms));
+            }
+            throw err;
+        }
+        const ms = now() - start;
+        const delta = options.pricing({ stepId: ctx.stepId, input, result, ms });
+        ctx.emit("RESOURCE_METERED", meteredPayload(delta, ms));
+        return result;
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=metering.js.map

package/dist/metering.js.map

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package/dist/nestedBudget.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import type { EffectContext, EffectMiddleware } from "@loomwork/effect-runtime";
+import { type Budget, type Pricing, type ResourceDelta } from "./metering";
+export interface ScopeSpend {
+    tokens: number;
+    costUsd: number;
+    memBytes?: number;
+    wallMs?: number;
+    netBytes?: number;
+    /** ADR 0115 — open dimensions, accumulated by name (own-property keys only). */
+    custom?: Record<string, number>;
+}
+/**
+ * A projection of spend per scope key (e.g. `tenant:acme`, `workflow:audit`).
+ * The app updates it from the RESOURCE_METERED event stream (across all of a
+ * tenant's executions) — typically in `defineConfig({ onEvent })`. It is
+ * eventually consistent by nature; two nodes may briefly under-count, which is
+ * the accepted trade-off for cross-execution budgets.
+ */
+export declare class BudgetLedger {
+    private readonly spend;
+    add(scopeKey: string, delta: ResourceDelta): void;
+    spent(scopeKey: string): ScopeSpend;
+    /** Fold a RESOURCE_METERED event into the given scope keys (from an onEvent hook). */
+    applyMetered(scopeKeys: readonly string[], payload: unknown): void;
+}
+/** One level of the nesting: a labelled scope key + its budget. */
+export interface BudgetScope {
+    /** e.g. "tenant", "workflow", "execution" — recorded in the trip for attribution. */
+    level: string;
+    /** The ledger key this level accumulates under (execution uses ctx.resources instead). */
+    key: string;
+    budget: Budget;
+}
+export interface NestedBudgetOptions {
+    /** Cost model — same shape as `meteringMiddleware`. */
+    pricing: Pricing;
+    /** The cross-execution spend projection (tenant/workflow levels). */
+    ledger: BudgetLedger;
+    /**
+     * Resolve the nested scopes for an effect, OUTERMOST (broadest) first. The
+     * execution level should use `key: ""` — its spend is read from the pure
+     * per-execution fold (`ctx.resources`), not the ledger.
+     */
+    scopesOf: (ctx: EffectContext) => BudgetScope[];
+    /** Injectable clock for the measured `ms`. */
+    clock?: () => number;
+}
+/**
+ * K12.3 — nested-budget admission control. Before an effect runs, every scope
+ * (tenant → workflow → execution) is checked; the FIRST (most-restrictive)
+ * breach denies with a `QUOTA_EXCEEDED` fact attributed to that `level`, and the
+ * effect never runs. Otherwise the effect runs, is priced, and its delta is
+ * recorded into the ledger's non-execution scopes (the execution level is
+ * metered by the durable fold as usual) and emitted as `RESOURCE_METERED`.
+ *
+ * The execution level reads spend from `ctx.resources` (the pure fold, K3); the
+ * broader levels read from the ledger projection.
+ */
+export declare function nestedBudgetMiddleware(options: NestedBudgetOptions): EffectMiddleware;
+//# sourceMappingURL=nestedBudget.d.ts.map

package/dist/nestedBudget.d.ts.map

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package/dist/nestedBudget.js

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+"use strict";
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.BudgetLedger = void 0;
+exports.nestedBudgetMiddleware = nestedBudgetMiddleware;
+const metering_1 = require("./metering");
+/** Distinct custom dimension names one ledger scope keeps (the fold's own cap, ADR 0115). */
+const LEDGER_CUSTOM_MAX = 32;
+/**
+ * A projection of spend per scope key (e.g. `tenant:acme`, `workflow:audit`).
+ * The app updates it from the RESOURCE_METERED event stream (across all of a
+ * tenant's executions) — typically in `defineConfig({ onEvent })`. It is
+ * eventually consistent by nature; two nodes may briefly under-count, which is
+ * the accepted trade-off for cross-execution budgets.
+ */
+class BudgetLedger {
+    spend = new Map();
+    add(scopeKey, delta) {
+        const cur = this.spend.get(scopeKey) ?? { tokens: 0, costUsd: 0 };
+        const memBytes = (cur.memBytes ?? 0) + (delta.memBytes ?? 0);
+        const wallMs = (cur.wallMs ?? 0) + (delta.wallMs ?? 0);
+        const netBytes = (cur.netBytes ?? 0) + (delta.netBytes ?? 0);
+        let custom = cur.custom;
+        if (delta.custom !== undefined) {
+            custom = { ...cur.custom };
+            for (const [name, v] of Object.entries(delta.custom)) {
+                if (typeof v !== "number" || !Number.isFinite(v) || v < 0)
+                    continue;
+                if (name === "constructor" || name === "prototype" || !(0, metering_1.isCustomDimensionName)(name))
+                    continue;
+                if (!Object.hasOwn(custom, name) && Object.keys(custom).length >= LEDGER_CUSTOM_MAX) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                custom[name] = (Object.hasOwn(custom, name) ? custom[name] : 0) + v;
+            }
+        }
+        this.spend.set(scopeKey, {
+            tokens: cur.tokens + (delta.tokens ?? 0),
+            ...(custom !== undefined && { custom }),
+            costUsd: cur.costUsd + (delta.costUsd ?? 0),
+            ...(memBytes > 0 && { memBytes }),
+            ...(wallMs > 0 && { wallMs }),
+            ...(netBytes > 0 && { netBytes }),
+        });
+    }
+    spent(scopeKey) {
+        return this.spend.get(scopeKey) ?? { tokens: 0, costUsd: 0 };
+    }
+    /** Fold a RESOURCE_METERED event into the given scope keys (from an onEvent hook). */
+    applyMetered(scopeKeys, payload) {
+        const p = payload;
+        const delta = {
+            ...(p.custom !== undefined &&
+                typeof p.custom === "object" &&
+                p.custom !== null && { custom: p.custom }),
+            ...(p.tokens !== undefined && { tokens: p.tokens }),
+            ...(p.costUsd !== undefined && { costUsd: p.costUsd }),
+            ...(p.memBytes !== undefined && { memBytes: p.memBytes }),
+            ...(p.wallMs !== undefined && { wallMs: p.wallMs }),
+            ...(p.netBytes !== undefined && { netBytes: p.netBytes }),
+        };
+        for (const key of scopeKeys)
+            this.add(key, delta);
+    }
+}
+exports.BudgetLedger = BudgetLedger;
+function over(spent, b) {
+    return ((b.maxCostUsd !== undefined && spent.costUsd >= b.maxCostUsd) ||
+        (b.maxTokens !== undefined && spent.tokens >= b.maxTokens) ||
+        (b.maxMemBytes !== undefined && (spent.memBytes ?? 0) >= b.maxMemBytes) ||
+        (b.maxWallMs !== undefined && (spent.wallMs ?? 0) >= b.maxWallMs) ||
+        (b.maxNetBytes !== undefined && (spent.netBytes ?? 0) >= b.maxNetBytes) ||
+        (0, metering_1.overCustomBudget)(spent.custom, b.maxCustom) !== null);
+}
+/**
+ * K12.3 — nested-budget admission control. Before an effect runs, every scope
+ * (tenant → workflow → execution) is checked; the FIRST (most-restrictive)
+ * breach denies with a `QUOTA_EXCEEDED` fact attributed to that `level`, and the
+ * effect never runs. Otherwise the effect runs, is priced, and its delta is
+ * recorded into the ledger's non-execution scopes (the execution level is
+ * metered by the durable fold as usual) and emitted as `RESOURCE_METERED`.
+ *
+ * The execution level reads spend from `ctx.resources` (the pure fold, K3); the
+ * broader levels read from the ledger projection.
+ */
+function nestedBudgetMiddleware(options) {
+    const now = options.clock ?? (() => Date.now());
+    return async (ctx, input, next) => {
+        const scopes = options.scopesOf(ctx);
+        // Scopes are resolved per effect, so their budgets cannot be checked at construction; refuse a
+        // bad `maxCustom` (built-in name / non-numeric ceiling) here, before any scope is evaluated,
+        // rather than part-way through the admission loop. Not memoised: a mutation cannot bypass it.
+        for (const scope of scopes)
+            (0, metering_1.assertMaxCustom)(scope.budget.maxCustom);
+        // Admission control — most-restrictive wins, attributed to its level.
+        for (const scope of scopes) {
+            const spent = scope.level === "execution"
+                ? {
+                    tokens: ctx.resources?.tokens ?? 0,
+                    costUsd: ctx.resources?.costUsd ?? 0,
+                    ...(ctx.resources?.memBytes !== undefined && { memBytes: ctx.resources.memBytes }),
+                    ...(ctx.resources?.wallMs !== undefined && { wallMs: ctx.resources.wallMs }),
+                    ...(ctx.resources?.netBytes !== undefined && { netBytes: ctx.resources.netBytes }),
+                    ...(ctx.resources?.custom !== undefined && {
+                        custom: ctx.resources.custom,
+                    }),
+                }
+                : options.ledger.spent(scope.key);
+            if (over(spent, scope.budget)) {
+                const reason = `${scope.level} budget exceeded (${scope.key || ctx.executionId})`;
+                ctx.emit("QUOTA_EXCEEDED", { stepId: ctx.stepId, reason, level: scope.level });
+                throw new metering_1.QuotaExceededError(reason);
+            }
+        }
+        const start = now();
+        const result = await next();
+        const ms = now() - start;
+        const delta = options.pricing({ stepId: ctx.stepId, input, result, ms });
+        ctx.emit("RESOURCE_METERED", {
+            ...(delta.tokens !== undefined && { tokens: delta.tokens }),
+            ...(delta.costUsd !== undefined && { costUsd: delta.costUsd }),
+            ...(delta.custom !== undefined && { custom: delta.custom }),
+            ms: delta.ms ?? ms,
+        });
+        // Update the projection for the broader (non-execution) levels immediately,
+        // so within a node successive effects see the running total (the durable
+        // fold + cross-node ledger reconcile via the RESOURCE_METERED stream).
+        for (const scope of scopes) {
+            if (scope.level !== "execution")
+                options.ledger.add(scope.key, delta);
+        }
+        return result;
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=nestedBudget.js.map

package/dist/nestedBudget.js.map

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package/dist/profile.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import type { EffectMiddleware } from "@loomwork/effect-runtime";
+/** Effect-side timings, in milliseconds. */
+export interface EffectProfile {
+    /** Effect invocations that completed (successfully or not). */
+    calls: number;
+    /** Summed wall time inside effects. */
+    totalEffectMs: number;
+    /** Longest single effect. */
+    maxEffectMs: number;
+    /** Greatest number of effects in flight at once. */
+    peakConcurrentEffects: number;
+    /** Per-tool breakdown, so a single slow tool is visible rather than averaged away. */
+    byTool: Record<string, {
+        calls: number;
+        totalMs: number;
+    }>;
+}
+export interface EffectProfiler {
+    middleware: EffectMiddleware;
+    profile(): EffectProfile;
+    reset(): void;
+}
+/**
+ * Measures what effects actually cost, as the counterpart to `ProfilingEventStore`.
+ *
+ * Together they answer [ADR 0065](../../../docs/adr/0065-group-commit-deferred-evidence-gate.md)
+ * gate 1: is **event-write throughput** the bottleneck for this workload, or is it effect
+ * latency? The gate requires that question be settled by profiling rather than intuition,
+ * and it is not rhetorical — `ExecutionJournal` queues appends on a serial tail, so the
+ * interpreter is decoupled from write latency and a workload can write a great deal without
+ * writes ever constraining it.
+ *
+ * Wire it as effect-runtime middleware in your own app, wrap your store in
+ * `ProfilingEventStore`, run real traffic, and compare `totalEffectMs` against
+ * `totalWriteMs`. Batching the write path can only help if the latter dominates.
+ */
+export declare function effectTimingMiddleware(): EffectProfiler;
+//# sourceMappingURL=profile.d.ts.map

package/dist/profile.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/profile.js

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"use strict";
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.effectTimingMiddleware = effectTimingMiddleware;
+/**
+ * Measures what effects actually cost, as the counterpart to `ProfilingEventStore`.
+ *
+ * Together they answer [ADR 0065](../../../docs/adr/0065-group-commit-deferred-evidence-gate.md)
+ * gate 1: is **event-write throughput** the bottleneck for this workload, or is it effect
+ * latency? The gate requires that question be settled by profiling rather than intuition,
+ * and it is not rhetorical — `ExecutionJournal` queues appends on a serial tail, so the
+ * interpreter is decoupled from write latency and a workload can write a great deal without
+ * writes ever constraining it.
+ *
+ * Wire it as effect-runtime middleware in your own app, wrap your store in
+ * `ProfilingEventStore`, run real traffic, and compare `totalEffectMs` against
+ * `totalWriteMs`. Batching the write path can only help if the latter dominates.
+ */
+function effectTimingMiddleware() {
+    let calls = 0;
+    let totalEffectMs = 0;
+    let maxEffectMs = 0;
+    let inFlight = 0;
+    let peakConcurrentEffects = 0;
+    const byTool = new Map();
+    const middleware = async (ctx, input, next) => {
+        const started = performance.now();
+        inFlight++;
+        if (inFlight > peakConcurrentEffects)
+            peakConcurrentEffects = inFlight;
+        try {
+            return await next(input);
+        }
+        finally {
+            const elapsed = performance.now() - started;
+            inFlight--;
+            calls++;
+            totalEffectMs += elapsed;
+            if (elapsed > maxEffectMs)
+                maxEffectMs = elapsed;
+            // `stepId` is the tool identity at this seam; fall back so an unnamed effect still
+            // shows up rather than vanishing from the breakdown.
+            const tool = ctx.stepId || "<unknown>";
+            const entry = byTool.get(tool);
+            if (entry === undefined)
+                byTool.set(tool, { calls: 1, totalMs: elapsed });
+            else {
+                entry.calls++;
+                entry.totalMs += elapsed;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    return {
+        middleware,
+        profile: () => ({
+            calls,
+            totalEffectMs,
+            maxEffectMs,
+            peakConcurrentEffects,
+            byTool: Object.fromEntries([...byTool].map(([k, v]) => [k, { ...v }])),
+        }),
+        reset: () => {
+            calls = 0;
+            totalEffectMs = 0;
+            maxEffectMs = 0;
+            peakConcurrentEffects = 0;
+            byTool.clear();
+        },
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=profile.js.map

package/dist/profile.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/rateLimit.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import type { EffectMiddleware } from "@loomwork/effect-runtime";
+/** Which requests share one bucket. */
+export type RateLimitScope = "execution" | "tenant" | "workflow" | "global";
+export interface RateLimitOptions {
+    /** Bucket size: the burst a scope may issue at once. Must be a positive integer. */
+    capacity: number;
+    /** Sustained rate: tokens added per second. Must be positive. */
+    refillPerSecond: number;
+    /**
+     * Who shares a bucket. Default `"execution"` (one runaway execution cannot starve the
+     * rest). `"tenant"` keys on `ctx.principal.tenant` — a request with no tenant shares ONE
+     * `"(no-tenant)"` bucket rather than escaping the limit. `"workflow"` keys on the flow id
+     * (the per-agent case); `"global"` is one bucket for the process.
+     */
+    scope?: RateLimitScope;
+    /** Injectable clock in ms (tests); defaults to `Date.now`. */
+    clock?: () => number;
+    /**
+     * Upper bound on live buckets. A fresh bucket is created per execution/tenant key, so an
+     * unbounded map would be a leak; the least-recently-used bucket is evicted past this size
+     * (an evicted key simply starts full again — it can only err toward permitting). Default 10_000.
+     */
+    maxBuckets?: number;
+}
+/**
+ * The typed, NON-retryable refusal for a rate-limit trip. It is the control plane speaking,
+ * not a transient fault: retrying immediately repeats it, so callers that classify errors by
+ * `name` (loom-ui's `isControlPlaneError`) must treat `"RateLimitExceededError"` as a refusal.
+ */
+export declare class RateLimitExceededError extends Error {
+    readonly scope: RateLimitScope;
+    readonly key: string;
+    /** Milliseconds until one token is available again (a hint, never a promise). */
+    readonly retryAfterMs: number;
+    /** Honoured by `retryMiddleware`'s default classifier: an immediate retry repeats the refusal. */
+    readonly retryable = false;
+    constructor(scope: RateLimitScope, key: string, retryAfterMs: number);
+}
+export declare function rateLimitMiddleware(options: RateLimitOptions): EffectMiddleware;
+//# sourceMappingURL=rateLimit.d.ts.map

package/dist/rateLimit.d.ts.map

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package/dist/rateLimit.js

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+"use strict";
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.RateLimitExceededError = void 0;
+exports.rateLimitMiddleware = rateLimitMiddleware;
+/**
+ * The typed, NON-retryable refusal for a rate-limit trip. It is the control plane speaking,
+ * not a transient fault: retrying immediately repeats it, so callers that classify errors by
+ * `name` (loom-ui's `isControlPlaneError`) must treat `"RateLimitExceededError"` as a refusal.
+ */
+class RateLimitExceededError extends Error {
+    scope;
+    key;
+    /** Milliseconds until one token is available again (a hint, never a promise). */
+    retryAfterMs;
+    /** Honoured by `retryMiddleware`'s default classifier: an immediate retry repeats the refusal. */
+    retryable = false;
+    constructor(scope, key, retryAfterMs) {
+        super(`Rate limit exceeded for ${scope} "${key}" — retry after ~${retryAfterMs}ms`);
+        this.name = "RateLimitExceededError";
+        this.scope = scope;
+        this.key = key;
+        this.retryAfterMs = retryAfterMs;
+    }
+}
+exports.RateLimitExceededError = RateLimitExceededError;
+function keyOf(scope, ctx) {
+    switch (scope) {
+        case "execution":
+            return ctx.executionId;
+        case "workflow":
+            return ctx.workflowId;
+        case "tenant":
+            return ctx.principal?.tenant ?? "(no-tenant)";
+        case "global":
+            return "*";
+    }
+}
+function rateLimitMiddleware(options) {
+    const { capacity, refillPerSecond } = options;
+    if (!Number.isInteger(capacity) || capacity < 1) {
+        throw new Error(`rateLimitMiddleware: capacity must be a positive integer (got ${capacity})`);
+    }
+    if (!(refillPerSecond > 0) || !Number.isFinite(refillPerSecond)) {
+        throw new Error(`rateLimitMiddleware: refillPerSecond must be a positive number (got ${refillPerSecond})`);
+    }
+    const scope = options.scope ?? "execution";
+    const now = options.clock ?? (() => Date.now());
+    const maxBuckets = options.maxBuckets ?? 10_000;
+    // Map iteration order is insertion order, so delete+set on every touch keeps the OLDEST
+    // key first — an O(1) LRU without a second structure.
+    const buckets = new Map();
+    return async (ctx, _input, next) => {
+        const key = keyOf(scope, ctx);
+        const t = now();
+        const bucket = buckets.get(key) ?? { tokens: capacity, at: t };
+        buckets.delete(key);
+        const elapsedSec = Math.max(0, t - bucket.at) / 1000;
+        bucket.tokens = Math.min(capacity, bucket.tokens + elapsedSec * refillPerSecond);
+        bucket.at = t;
+        const admitted = bucket.tokens >= 1;
+        if (admitted)
+            bucket.tokens -= 1;
+        buckets.set(key, bucket);
+        if (buckets.size > maxBuckets) {
+            const oldest = buckets.keys().next().value;
+            if (oldest !== undefined)
+                buckets.delete(oldest);
+        }
+        if (!admitted) {
+            const retryAfterMs = Math.ceil(((1 - bucket.tokens) / refillPerSecond) * 1000);
+            ctx.emit("SAFETY_BLOCKED", {
+                stepId: ctx.stepId,
+                validatorId: "rate-limit",
+                phase: "input",
+                reason: `rate limit exceeded for ${scope} "${key}"`,
+                category: "rate-limit",
+            });
+            throw new RateLimitExceededError(scope, key, retryAfterMs);
+        }
+        return next();
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=rateLimit.js.map

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