@lodestar/beacon-node 1.51.0-dev.a1662c7de7 → 1.51.0-dev.a6892012c4

package/src/chain/validation/executionPayloadBid.ts

@@ -83,186 +83,6 @@ function isBidCompatibleWithHead(
   return buildsOnParentPayload;
 }
 
-/**
- * Validation for bids submitted via the API by the operator's own builder.
- *
- * Only non-transient checks are applied: slot later than parent, zero execution payment, blob
- * commitment count, builder eligibility, version and balance coverage, prev_randao, and signature.
- * Transient gossip rules (head compatibility, first bid per tuple, value increment, proposer
- * preferences) are not applied, since those only limit forwarding of peers' messages and the
- * builder may legitimately bid on a branch this node does not consider head.
- * The parent-payload builder-exit rule is omitted because this endpoint only accepts bids from
- * the operator's own builder.
- *
- * Throws on any failed check. Also throws if the bid's parent block is unknown or its state is
- * unavailable, since the checks cannot be evaluated against the parent branch.
- */
-export async function validateApiExecutionPayloadBid(
-  chain: IBeaconChain,
-  signedExecutionPayloadBid: gloas.SignedExecutionPayloadBid
-): Promise<void> {
-  const bid = signedExecutionPayloadBid.message;
-  const bidParentBlockRoot = toRootHex(bid.parentBlockRoot);
-
-  // [REJECT] `bid.execution_payment` is zero.
-  if (bid.executionPayment !== 0n) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.NON_ZERO_EXECUTION_PAYMENT,
-      builderIndex: bid.builderIndex,
-      executionPayment: bid.executionPayment,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [REJECT] The bid's block hash is not equal to its parent block hash -- i.e.
-  // `bid.block_hash != bid.parent_block_hash`.
-  if (byteArrayEquals(bid.blockHash, bid.parentBlockHash)) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.BLOCK_HASH_EQUALS_PARENT_BLOCK_HASH,
-      blockHash: toRootHex(bid.blockHash),
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [REJECT] The length of KZG commitments is less than or equal to the limitation defined in the
-  // consensus layer -- i.e. validate that
-  // `len(bid.blob_kzg_commitments) <= get_blob_parameters(compute_epoch_at_slot(bid.slot)).max_blobs_per_block`.
-  const blobKzgCommitmentsLen = bid.blobKzgCommitments.length;
-  const maxBlobsPerBlock = chain.config.getMaxBlobsPerBlock(computeEpochAtSlot(bid.slot));
-  if (blobKzgCommitmentsLen > maxBlobsPerBlock) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.TOO_MANY_KZG_COMMITMENTS,
-      blobKzgCommitmentsLen,
-      commitmentLimit: maxBlobsPerBlock,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [IGNORE] `bid.slot` is the current slot, or the next slot (`bid.slot - 1` is current), allowing for `MAXIMUM_GOSSIP_CLOCK_DISPARITY`.
-  if (
-    !chain.clock.isCurrentSlotGivenGossipDisparity(bid.slot) &&
-    !chain.clock.isCurrentSlotGivenGossipDisparity(bid.slot - 1)
-  ) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.IGNORE, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.INVALID_SLOT,
-      builderIndex: bid.builderIndex,
-      slot: bid.slot,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [IGNORE] The bid is received after the inclusion list deadline of `bid.slot - 1`
-  if (
-    isForkPostHeze(chain.config.getForkName(bid.slot)) &&
-    chain.clock.msFromSlot(bid.slot - 1) < chain.config.getInclusionListDueMs(chain.config.getForkName(bid.slot - 1))
-  ) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.IGNORE, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.BEFORE_INCLUSION_LIST_DEADLINE,
-      builderIndex: bid.builderIndex,
-      slot: bid.slot,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [IGNORE] `bid.parent_block_root` is the hash tree root of a known beacon block in fork choice.
-  // Moved earlier than the spec ordering so we can derive the proposer dependent root for the
-  // proposer-preferences lookup below from a known fork-choice block.
-  const parentBlock = chain.forkChoice.getBlockHexDefaultStatus(bidParentBlockRoot);
-  if (parentBlock === null) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.IGNORE, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.UNKNOWN_BLOCK_ROOT,
-      parentBlockRoot: bidParentBlockRoot,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [REJECT] The bid is for a higher slot than its parent block -- i.e.
-  // validate that `bid.slot` is greater than the slot of the block with root
-  // `bid.parent_block_root`.
-  if (bid.slot <= parentBlock.slot) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.NOT_LATER_THAN_PARENT,
-      parentSlot: parentBlock.slot,
-      slot: bid.slot,
-    });
-  }
-
-  const state = await chain.regen
-    .getBlockSlotState(parentBlock, bid.slot, {dontTransferCache: true}, RegenCaller.validateApiExecutionPayloadBid)
-    .catch(() => {
-      throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.IGNORE, {
-        code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.UNKNOWN_BLOCK_ROOT,
-        parentBlockRoot: bidParentBlockRoot,
-      });
-    });
-
-  if (!isStatePostGloas(state)) {
-    throw new Error(`Expected gloas+ state for execution payload bid validation, got fork=${state.forkName}`);
-  }
-
-  // [REJECT] `bid.builder_index` is within bounds -- i.e. `bid.builder_index < len(state.builders)`.
-  // `state.getBuilder` returns a lazy SSZ `getReadonly` view that is not bounds-checked eagerly; an
-  // out-of-range index only throws (`LeafNode has no right node`) on deferred field access (e.g. inside
-  // `isActiveBuilder`), escaping a try/catch around `getBuilder`. Check the length explicitly instead.
-  if (bid.builderIndex >= state.getBuildersLength()) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.BUILDER_NOT_ELIGIBLE,
-      builderIndex: bid.builderIndex,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [REJECT] `bid.builder_index` is a valid/active builder index -- i.e.
-  // `is_active_builder(state, bid.builder_index)` returns `True`.
-  const builder = state.getBuilder(bid.builderIndex);
-  if (!isActiveBuilder(builder, state.finalizedCheckpoint.epoch)) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.BUILDER_NOT_ELIGIBLE,
-      builderIndex: bid.builderIndex,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [REJECT] The builder version is `PAYLOAD_BUILDER_VERSION` -- i.e.
-  // `state.builders[bid.builder_index].version == PAYLOAD_BUILDER_VERSION`.
-  if (builder.version !== PAYLOAD_BUILDER_VERSION) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.INVALID_BUILDER_VERSION,
-      builderIndex: bid.builderIndex,
-      version: builder.version,
-      expectedVersion: PAYLOAD_BUILDER_VERSION,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [IGNORE] `bid.value` is less or equal than the builder's excess balance --
-  // i.e. `can_builder_cover_bid(state, builder_index, amount)` returns `True`.
-  if (!state.canBuilderCoverBid(bid.builderIndex, bid.value)) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.IGNORE, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.BID_TOO_HIGH,
-      bidValue: bid.value,
-      builderBalance: builder.balance,
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [REJECT] `bid.prev_randao` is the correct RANDAO mix -- i.e. validate that
-  // `bid.prev_randao == get_randao_mix(parent_state, get_current_epoch(parent_state))`.
-  const randaoMix = state.getRandaoMix(computeEpochAtSlot(state.slot));
-  if (!byteArrayEquals(bid.prevRandao, randaoMix)) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.INVALID_PREV_RANDAO,
-      builderIndex: bid.builderIndex,
-      bidPrevRandao: toHex(bid.prevRandao),
-      expectedPrevRandao: toHex(randaoMix),
-    });
-  }
-
-  // [REJECT] `signed_execution_payload_bid.signature` is valid with respect to the `bid.builder_index`.
-  const signatureSet = createSingleSignatureSetFromComponents(
-    builder.pubkey,
-    getExecutionPayloadBidSigningRoot(chain.config, bid),
-    signedExecutionPayloadBid.signature
-  );
-  if (!(await chain.bls.verifySignatureSets([signatureSet]))) {
-    throw new ExecutionPayloadBidError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: ExecutionPayloadBidErrorCode.INVALID_SIGNATURE,
-      builderIndex: bid.builderIndex,
-      slot: bid.slot,
-    });
-  }
-}
-
 export async function validateGossipExecutionPayloadBid(
   chain: IBeaconChain,
   signedExecutionPayloadBid: gloas.SignedExecutionPayloadBid

package/src/chain/validation/inclusionList.ts

@@ -31,7 +31,10 @@ export async function validateGossipInclusionList(
   signedInclusionList: heze.SignedInclusionList
 ): Promise<InclusionListValidationResult> {
   const {slot, validatorIndex, transactions, dependentRoot} = signedInclusionList.message;
-  const totalBytes = transactions.reduce((total, transaction) => total + transaction.byteLength, 0);
+  let totalBytes = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < transactions.length; i++) {
+    totalBytes += transactions.getSize(i);
+  }
 
   // A pre-heze slot has no inclusion list committee to validate against
   if (!isForkPostHeze(chain.config.getForkName(slot))) {
@@ -75,7 +78,13 @@ export async function validateGossipInclusionList(
   }
 
   // [REJECT] Every transaction in message.transactions is non-empty
-  const emptyTransactionIndex = transactions.findIndex((transaction) => transaction.byteLength === 0);
+  let emptyTransactionIndex = -1;
+  for (let i = 0; i < transactions.length; i++) {
+    if (transactions.getSize(i) === 0) {
+      emptyTransactionIndex = i;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
   if (emptyTransactionIndex !== -1) {
     throw new InclusionListError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
       code: InclusionListErrorCode.EMPTY_TRANSACTION,

package/src/db/beacon.ts

@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ import {
   VoluntaryExitRepository,
 } from "./repositories/index.js";
 
+/** Below this size, seeks over leftover legacy column data stay cheap */
+const LEGACY_DATA_COLUMNS_COMPACTION_MIN_BYTES = 1024 ** 3;
+
 export type BeaconDbOpts = {
   dataColumnDir: string;
   logger: Logger;
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@ export class BeaconDb implements IBeaconDb {
   readonly dataColumns: IDataColumnStore;
   lastLegacyArchiveSlot: Slot | null = null;
   private readonly flatFileStore: FlatFileStore;
+  private readonly logger: Logger;
 
   constructor(
     config: ChainForkConfig,
@@ -100,6 +104,7 @@ export class BeaconDb implements IBeaconDb {
     this.syncCommittee = new SyncCommitteeRepository(config, db);
     this.syncCommitteeWitness = new SyncCommitteeWitnessRepository(config, db);
 
+    this.logger = opts.logger;
     this.flatFileStore = new FlatFileStore(opts.dataColumnDir, config, opts.logger, opts.metrics);
     this.dataColumns = new LegacyDataColumnStore(
       this.flatFileStore,
@@ -125,11 +130,50 @@ export class BeaconDb implements IBeaconDb {
     this.flatFileStore.setMetrics(flatFileStoreMetrics);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Deletes made while an iterator held a snapshot can stay in the bottom LevelDB level, which `compactRange` never
+   * rewrites, so every seek into the legacy column buckets walks them. Writing a key at each end of the pruned range
+   * makes the compaction overlap those files and rewrite them.
+   */
+  async compactLegacyDataColumns(
+    prunedBeforeSlot: Slot,
+    minSizeBytes = LEGACY_DATA_COLUMNS_COMPACTION_MIN_BYTES
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const archiveBucket = Bucket.allForks_dataColumnSidecarsArchive;
+    const start = encodeKey(Bucket.allForks_dataColumnSidecars, Buffer.alloc(0));
+    const end = encodeKey(archiveBucket, this.dataColumnSidecarArchive.getMinKeyRaw(prunedBeforeSlot));
+    const sizeBytes = await this.db.approximateSize(start, end);
+    if (sizeBytes < minSizeBytes) return;
+
+    // Column indices stay below 0xffff and hot column keys are shorter, so no sentinel matches a real key
+    const upperSentinel =
+      prunedBeforeSlot > 0
+        ? encodeKey(archiveBucket, this.dataColumnSidecarArchive.encodeKeyRaw(prunedBeforeSlot - 1, 0xffff))
+        : encodeKey(Bucket.allForks_dataColumnSidecars, Buffer.alloc(35, 0xff));
+    const sentinels = [start, upperSentinel];
+
+    this.logger.info("Compacting legacy data columns, this may take a while", {sizeBytes});
+    const startTime = Date.now();
+    await this.db.batchPut(sentinels.map((key) => ({key, value: new Uint8Array()})));
+    await this.db.compactRange(start, end);
+    await this.db.batchDelete(sentinels);
+    await this.db.compactRange(start, end);
+    this.logger.verbose("Compacted legacy data columns", {
+      durationMs: Date.now() - startTime,
+      sizeBytes: await this.db.approximateSize(start, end),
+    });
+  }
+
   async pruneHotDb(): Promise<void> {
     // Prune all hot blobs
     await this.blobSidecars.batchDelete(await this.blobSidecars.keys());
     // New columns are persisted in flat files, so this bucket only contains legacy hot data.
     await this.deleteBucketData(Bucket.allForks_dataColumnSidecars);
+    // Compact even if empty to reclaim tombstones left by previous startups.
+    await this.db.compactRange(
+      encodeKey(Bucket.allForks_dataColumnSidecars, Buffer.alloc(0)),
+      encodeKey(Bucket.allForks_dataColumnSidecars + 1, Buffer.alloc(0))
+    );
     // Prune all hot blocks
     // TODO: Enable once it's deemed safe
     // await this.block.batchDelete(await this.block.keys());

package/src/db/dataColumnStore.ts

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ export type IndexedDataColumnBytes = {index: ColumnIndex; data: Uint8Array};
 type LegacyHotDataColumnStore = Pick<DataColumnSidecarRepository, "values" | "getManyBinary" | "deleteMany">;
 type LegacyArchiveDataColumnStore = Pick<
   DataColumnSidecarArchiveRepository,
-  "values" | "getManyBinary" | "keys" | "deleteMany"
+  "values" | "getManyBinary" | "pruneBefore"
 >;
 type BlockRootIndex = Pick<BlockArchiveRepository, "getSlotByRoot">;
 
@@ -86,9 +86,7 @@ export class LegacyDataColumnStore implements IDataColumnStore {
 
   async pruneBefore(slot: Slot): Promise<Slot[]> {
     const flatFileSlots = await this.flatFiles.pruneBefore(slot);
-    const prefixedKeys = await this.legacyArchive.keys({lt: {prefix: slot, id: 0}});
-    const slots = [...new Set(prefixedKeys.map(({prefix}) => prefix))];
-    if (slots.length > 0) await this.legacyArchive.deleteMany(slots);
+    const slots = await this.legacyArchive.pruneBefore(slot);
     return [...new Set([...flatFileSlots, ...slots])].sort((a, b) => a - b);
   }
 }

package/src/db/interface.ts

@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ export interface IBeaconDb {
   readonly lastLegacyArchiveSlot: Slot | null;
   init(): Promise<void>;
 
+  compactLegacyDataColumns(prunedBeforeSlot: Slot, minSizeBytes?: number): Promise<void>;
+
   pruneHotDb(): Promise<void>;
 
   deleteDeprecatedEth1Data(): Promise<void>;

package/src/db/repositories/dataColumnSidecarArchive.ts

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ const SLOT_BYTE_SIZE = 8;
  * Indexed data by `slot` + `columnIndex`
  */
 export class DataColumnSidecarArchiveRepository extends PrefixedRepository<Slot, ColumnIndex, DataColumnSidecar> {
+  private prunedBeforeSlot: Slot | null = null;
+
   constructor(config: ChainForkConfig, db: Db) {
     const bucket = Bucket.allForks_dataColumnSidecarsArchive;
     // Type won't be used since we select it dynamically based on fork
@@ -70,4 +72,22 @@ export class DataColumnSidecarArchiveRepository extends PrefixedRepository<Slot,
       encodeNumberForDbKey(0, COLUMN_INDEX_BYTE_SIZE),
     ]);
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Deletes all entries before `slot`. Prunes only delete from the start of the bucket, so the first prune
+   * compacts the range to drop tombstones of earlier runs and later prunes resume where the previous one ended.
+   */
+  async pruneBefore(slot: Slot): Promise<Slot[]> {
+    if (this.prunedBeforeSlot === null) {
+      await this.db.compactRange(this.wrapKey(this.getMinKeyRaw(0)), this.wrapKey(this.getMinKeyRaw(slot)));
+    } else if (slot <= this.prunedBeforeSlot) {
+      return [];
+    }
+
+    const keys = await this.keys({gte: {prefix: this.prunedBeforeSlot ?? 0, id: 0}, lt: {prefix: slot, id: 0}});
+    const slots = [...new Set(keys.map(({prefix}) => prefix))];
+    if (slots.length > 0) await this.deleteMany(slots);
+    this.prunedBeforeSlot = slot;
+    return slots;
+  }
 }

package/src/execution/engine/blobVersionedHashes.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import {VersionedHashes} from "./interface.js";
  * Skip unrelated fields without decoding or copying them, including untrusted nested access lists.
  * The EL remains responsible for the other transaction validity checks.
  */
-export function isValidBlobVersionedHashes(transactions: Uint8Array[], expected: VersionedHashes): boolean {
+export function isValidBlobVersionedHashes(transactions: Iterable<Uint8Array>, expected: VersionedHashes): boolean {
   let index = 0;
   for (const transaction of transactions) {
     if (transaction.length === 0) return false;

package/src/execution/engine/http.ts

@@ -367,7 +367,6 @@ export class ExecutionEngineHttp implements IExecutionEngine {
           this.payloadIdCache.add(
             {
               headBlockHash,
-              finalizedBlockHash,
               ...payloadAttributesRpc,
               inclusionListTransactions: payloadAttributes.inclusionListTransactions,
             },

package/src/execution/engine/mock.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import crypto from "node:crypto";
+import {SerializedList} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {ChainConfig} from "@lodestar/config";
 import {
   BLOB_TX_TYPE,
@@ -352,14 +353,14 @@ export class ExecutionEngineMockBackend implements JsonRpcBackend {
       executionPayload.gasUsed = Math.floor(0.5 * INTEROP_GAS_LIMIT);
       executionPayload.timestamp = payloadAttributes.timestamp;
       executionPayload.blockHash = crypto.randomBytes(32);
-      executionPayload.transactions = [];
+      const transactions: Uint8Array[] = [];
 
       // Between 0 and 4 transactions for all forks
       const eip1559TxCount = Math.round(4 * Math.random());
       for (let i = 0; i < eip1559TxCount; i++) {
         const tx = crypto.randomBytes(512);
         tx[0] = TX_TYPE_EIP1559;
-        executionPayload.transactions.push(tx);
+        transactions.push(tx);
       }
 
       const commitments: deneb.KZGCommitment[] = [];
@@ -373,7 +374,7 @@ export class ExecutionEngineMockBackend implements JsonRpcBackend {
           const blob = generateRandomBlob();
           const commitment = kzg.blobToKzgCommitment(blob);
           const {proofs: cellProofs} = kzg.computeCellsAndKzgProofs(blob);
-          executionPayload.transactions.push(transactionForKzgCommitment(commitment));
+          transactions.push(transactionForKzgCommitment(commitment));
           commitments.push(commitment);
           blobs.push(blob);
           proofs.push(...cellProofs);
@@ -385,12 +386,13 @@ export class ExecutionEngineMockBackend implements JsonRpcBackend {
           const blob = generateRandomBlob();
           const commitment = kzg.blobToKzgCommitment(blob);
           const proof = kzg.computeBlobKzgProof(blob, commitment);
-          executionPayload.transactions.push(transactionForKzgCommitment(commitment));
+          transactions.push(transactionForKzgCommitment(commitment));
           commitments.push(commitment);
           blobs.push(blob);
           proofs.push(proof);
         }
       }
+      executionPayload.transactions = SerializedList.fromArray(transactions);
 
       if (ForkSeq[fork] >= ForkSeq.capella) {
         (executionPayload as ExecutionPayload<ForkPostCapella>).withdrawals = ssz.capella.Withdrawals.defaultValue();

package/src/execution/engine/payloadIdCache.ts

@@ -19,10 +19,9 @@ export type WithdrawalV1 = {
   amount: QUANTITY;
 };
 
-type FcuAttributes = {headBlockHash: DATA; finalizedBlockHash: DATA} & Omit<
-  PayloadAttributesRpc,
-  "withdrawals" | "inclusionListTransactions"
-> & {inclusionListTransactions?: bellatrix.Transactions};
+type FcuAttributes = {headBlockHash: DATA} & Omit<PayloadAttributesRpc, "withdrawals" | "inclusionListTransactions"> & {
+    inclusionListTransactions?: bellatrix.Transactions;
+  };
 
 export class PayloadIdCache {
   private readonly payloadIdByFcuAttributes = new Map<
@@ -30,8 +29,8 @@ export class PayloadIdCache {
     {payloadId: PayloadId; fullKey: string; inclusionListTransactions?: bellatrix.Transactions}
   >();
 
-  getFullKey({headBlockHash, finalizedBlockHash, timestamp, prevRandao, suggestedFeeRecipient}: FcuAttributes): string {
-    return `${headBlockHash}-${finalizedBlockHash}-${timestamp}-${prevRandao}-${suggestedFeeRecipient}`;
+  getFullKey({headBlockHash, timestamp, prevRandao, suggestedFeeRecipient}: FcuAttributes): string {
+    return `${headBlockHash}-${timestamp}-${prevRandao}-${suggestedFeeRecipient}`;
   }
   getKey({timestamp}: Pick<FcuAttributes, "timestamp">): string {
     return timestamp;
@@ -69,5 +68,5 @@ function isSameInclusionList(a?: bellatrix.Transactions, b?: bellatrix.Transacti
   if (a === undefined || b === undefined) {
     return a === b;
   }
-  return a.length === b.length && a.every((transaction, i) => byteArrayEquals(transaction, b[i]));
+  return byteArrayEquals(a.bytes, b.bytes);
 }

package/src/execution/engine/types.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {Type} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
+import {SerializedList, Type} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {
   BUILDER_DEPOSIT_REQUEST_TYPE,
   BUILDER_EXIT_REQUEST_TYPE,
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ export type ExecutionPayloadBodyRpc = {
 };
 
 export type ExecutionPayloadBody = {
-  transactions: bellatrix.Transaction[];
+  transactions: bellatrix.Transactions;
   withdrawals: capella.Withdrawals | null;
 };
 
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ export function serializeExecutionPayload(fork: ForkName, data: ExecutionPayload
     extraData: bytesToData(data.extraData),
     baseFeePerGas: numToQuantity(data.baseFeePerGas),
     blockHash: bytesToData(data.blockHash),
-    transactions: data.transactions.map((tran) => bytesToData(tran)),
+    transactions: Array.from(data.transactions, (tran) => bytesToData(tran)),
   };
 
   // Capella adds withdrawals to the ExecutionPayload
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ export function parseExecutionPayload(
     extraData: dataToBytes(data.extraData, null),
     baseFeePerGas: quantityToBigint(data.baseFeePerGas),
     blockHash: dataToBytes(data.blockHash, 32),
-    transactions: data.transactions.map((tran) => dataToBytes(tran, null)),
+    transactions: SerializedList.fromArray(data.transactions.map((tran) => dataToBytes(tran, null))),
   };
 
   if (ForkSeq[fork] >= ForkSeq.capella) {
@@ -474,11 +474,11 @@ export function serializeBeaconBlockRoot(data: Root): DATA {
 }
 
 export function serializeInclusionList(data: bellatrix.Transactions): InclusionListRpc {
-  return data.map((transaction) => bytesToData(transaction));
+  return Array.from(data, (transaction) => bytesToData(transaction));
 }
 
 export function deserializeInclusionList(data: InclusionListRpc): bellatrix.Transactions {
-  return data.map((transaction) => dataToBytes(transaction, null));
+  return SerializedList.fromArray(data.map((transaction) => dataToBytes(transaction, null)));
 }
 
 export function deserializePayloadAttributes(data: PayloadAttributesRpc): PayloadAttributes {
@@ -670,7 +670,7 @@ export function deserializeExecutionRequests(fork: ForkName, serialized: Executi
 export function deserializeExecutionPayloadBody(data: ExecutionPayloadBodyRpc | null): ExecutionPayloadBody | null {
   return data
     ? {
-        transactions: data.transactions.map((tran) => dataToBytes(tran, null)),
+        transactions: SerializedList.fromArray(data.transactions.map((tran) => dataToBytes(tran, null))),
         withdrawals: data.withdrawals ? data.withdrawals.map(deserializeWithdrawal) : null,
       }
     : null;
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ export function serializeExecutionPayloadBodyV2(data: ExecutionPayloadBodyV2 | n
 export function serializeExecutionPayloadBody(data: ExecutionPayloadBody | null): ExecutionPayloadBodyRpc | null {
   return data
     ? {
-        transactions: data.transactions.map((tran) => bytesToData(tran)),
+        transactions: Array.from(data.transactions, (tran) => bytesToData(tran)),
         withdrawals: data.withdrawals ? data.withdrawals.map(serializeWithdrawal) : null,
       }
     : null;

package/src/index.ts

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ export {persistAnchorState} from "./chain/index.js";
 export {DbCPStateDatastore} from "./chain/stateCache/datastore/db.js";
 export {FileCPStateDatastore} from "./chain/stateCache/datastore/file.js";
 export {BeaconDb, type IBeaconDb} from "./db/index.js";
+// Export execution engine to make it usable by builder
+export {initializeExecutionEngine} from "./execution/index.js";
 // Export metrics utilities to de-duplicate validator metrics
 export {
   type HttpMetricsServer,

package/src/metrics/metrics/lodestar.ts

@@ -1474,6 +1474,11 @@ export function createLodestarMetrics(
           help: "Total number of InsertOutcome as a result of adding an execution payload bid from gossip to the pool",
           labelNames: ["insertOutcome"],
         }),
+        apiInsertOutcome: register.counter<{insertOutcome: InsertOutcome}>({
+          name: "lodestar_oppool_execution_payload_bid_pool_api_insert_outcome_total",
+          help: "Total number of InsertOutcome as a result of adding an execution payload bid from api to the pool",
+          labelNames: ["insertOutcome"],
+        }),
         apiValidationTime: register.histogram({
           name: "lodestar_api_execution_payload_bid_validation_time_seconds",
           help: "Time elapsed for signed execution payload bid validation - api path",

package/src/network/processor/gossipHandlers.ts

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import {
   deneb,
   fulu,
   gloas,
+  isGloasBeaconBlock,
   isGloasDataColumnSidecar,
   ssz,
   sszTypesFor,
@@ -150,6 +151,31 @@ export function getGossipHandlers(modules: ValidatorFnsModules, options: GossipH
  */
 function getSequentialHandlers(modules: ValidatorFnsModules, options: GossipHandlerOpts): SequentialGossipHandlers {
   const {chain, config, metrics, logger, core} = modules;
+  const incompletePayloadWaits = new WeakSet<PayloadEnvelopeInput>();
+
+  function scheduleIncompletePayloadEnvelope(payloadInput: PayloadEnvelopeInput, peer: string): void {
+    if (payloadInput.isComplete() || incompletePayloadWaits.has(payloadInput)) {
+      return;
+    }
+    incompletePayloadWaits.add(payloadInput);
+
+    const fork = config.getForkName(payloadInput.slot);
+    const cutoffTimeMs = getCutoffTimeMs(chain, payloadInput.slot, config.getPayloadDueMs(fork));
+    payloadInput.waitForEnvelopeAndAllData(cutoffTimeMs).catch(() => {
+      if (
+        payloadInput.isComplete() ||
+        chain.seenPayloadEnvelopeInputCache.get(payloadInput.blockRootHex) !== payloadInput
+      ) {
+        return;
+      }
+      chain.logger.debug("Payload envelope incomplete at payload deadline", payloadInput.getLogMeta());
+      chain.emitter.emit(ChainEvent.incompletePayloadEnvelope, {
+        payloadInput,
+        peer,
+        source: BlockInputSource.gossip,
+      });
+    });
+  }
 
   /**
    * Add a gossip block to the seen caches. The proposer signature of the block MUST be verified.
@@ -692,11 +718,10 @@ function getSequentialHandlers(modules: ValidatorFnsModules, options: GossipHand
 
         if (e instanceof BlockError) {
           switch (e.type.code) {
-            case BlockErrorCode.DATA_UNAVAILABLE: {
-              // Error is quite frequent and not critical
+            case BlockErrorCode.DATA_UNAVAILABLE:
+              // Data did not arrive in time, BlockInputSync keeps pulling it and retries the import
               logLevel = LogLevel.debug;
               break;
-            }
             // ALREADY_KNOWN should not happen with ignoreIfKnown=true above
             // PARENT_BLOCK_UNKNOWN should not happen, we handled this in validateBeaconBlock() function above
             case BlockErrorCode.ALREADY_KNOWN:
@@ -764,7 +789,12 @@ function getSequentialHandlers(modules: ValidatorFnsModules, options: GossipHand
           // roots per proposer and slot, which bounds full imports over gossip to one alternate
           chain.seenBlockProposers.hasBlockRoot(signedBlock.message.slot, e.type.proposerIndex, e.type.root) &&
           // A sibling with an unknown parent cannot be imported, sync fetches it if its branch becomes relevant
-          chain.forkChoice.getBlockHexDefaultStatus(toRootHex(signedBlock.message.parentRoot)) !== null
+          chain.forkChoice.getBlockHexDefaultStatus(toRootHex(signedBlock.message.parentRoot)) !== null &&
+          (!isGloasBeaconBlock(signedBlock.message) ||
+            chain.forkChoice.getBlockHexAndBlockHash(
+              toRootHex(signedBlock.message.parentRoot),
+              toRootHex(signedBlock.message.body.signedExecutionPayloadBid.message.parentBlockHash)
+            ) !== null)
         ) {
           const blockInput = cacheSignatureVerifiedBlock(
             signedBlock,
@@ -902,25 +932,7 @@ function getSequentialHandlers(modules: ValidatorFnsModules, options: GossipHand
             // envelope arrival (gossip or API). An in-flight importExecutionPayload is awaiting
             // payloadInput.waitForAllData(); addColumn above will resolve it once hasAllData flips.
 
-            if (!payloadInput.isComplete()) {
-              const cutoffTimeMs = getCutoffTimeMs(chain, dataColumnSlot, BLOCK_AVAILABILITY_CUTOFF_MS);
-              // do not await here to not delay gossip validation
-              payloadInput.waitForEnvelopeAndAllData(cutoffTimeMs).catch((_e) => {
-                chain.logger.debug(
-                  "Waited for envelope and data after receiving gossip column. Cut-off reached so emitting incompletePayloadEnvelope",
-                  {
-                    dataColumnIndex: index,
-                    ...payloadInputMeta,
-                  }
-                );
-                // TODO GLOAS: UnknownBlockSync to handle this event
-                chain.emitter.emit(ChainEvent.incompletePayloadEnvelope, {
-                  payloadInput,
-                  peer: peerIdStr,
-                  source: BlockInputSource.gossip,
-                });
-              });
-            }
+            scheduleIncompletePayloadEnvelope(payloadInput, peerIdStr);
           } catch (e) {
             logger.debug(
               "Error handling gossip data column",
@@ -1330,6 +1342,8 @@ function getSequentialHandlers(modules: ValidatorFnsModules, options: GossipHand
             peerIdStr,
           });
 
+          scheduleIncompletePayloadEnvelope(payloadInput, peerIdStr);
+
           chain.emitter.emit(routes.events.EventType.executionPayloadGossip, {
             slot,
             builderIndex: envelope.builderIndex,
@@ -1343,6 +1357,10 @@ function getSequentialHandlers(modules: ValidatorFnsModules, options: GossipHand
 
             if (e instanceof PayloadError) {
               switch (e.type.code) {
+                case PayloadErrorCode.DATA_UNAVAILABLE:
+                  // Columns did not arrive in time, BlockInputSync keeps pulling them and retries the import
+                  logLevel = LogLevel.debug;
+                  break;
                 // BLOCK_NOT_IN_FORK_CHOICE should not happen, validateGossipExecutionPayloadEnvelope above
                 // already verified the block is in fork choice
                 case PayloadErrorCode.BLOCK_NOT_IN_FORK_CHOICE: