@lodestar/beacon-node 1.47.0-dev.92bd4efe9b → 1.47.0-dev.931ecbec99

package/src/chain/bls/multithread/utils.ts

@@ -17,3 +17,14 @@ export function chunkifyMaximizeChunkSize<T>(arr: T[], minPerChunk: number): T[]
 
   return arrArr;
 }
+
+/**
+ * Splits an array into chunks that do not exceed a maximum size.
+ */
+export function chunkifyMaxChunkSize<T>(arr: T[], maxPerChunk: number): T[][] {
+  const chunks: T[][] = [];
+  for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i += maxPerChunk) {
+    chunks.push(arr.slice(i, i + maxPerChunk));
+  }
+  return chunks;
+}

package/src/chain/bls/multithread/worker.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,20 @@
 import worker from "node:worker_threads";
-import {PublicKey} from "@chainsafe/blst";
+import {
+  type BlsSignatureSet,
+  verifySignatureSets,
+  verifySignatureSetsSameMessage,
+} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/bls-verifier";
 import {expose} from "@chainsafe/threads/worker";
-import {SignatureSetDeserialized, verifySignatureSetsMaybeBatch} from "../maybeBatch.js";
-import {BlsWorkReq, BlsWorkResult, SerializedSet, WorkResult, WorkResultCode, WorkerData} from "./types.js";
+import {
+  BlsWorkReq,
+  BlsWorkResult,
+  JobQueueItemType,
+  VerificationCall,
+  VerificationCallOperation,
+  WorkResult,
+  WorkResultCode,
+  WorkerData,
+} from "./types.js";
 import {chunkifyMaximizeChunkSize} from "./utils.js";
 
 /**
@@ -27,23 +39,45 @@ expose({
 
 function verifyManySignatureSets(workReqArr: BlsWorkReq[]): BlsWorkResult {
   const [startSec, startNs] = process.hrtime();
-  const results: WorkResult<boolean>[] = [];
+  const results: WorkResult<boolean[]>[] = [];
+  const verificationCalls: VerificationCall[] = [];
   let batchRetries = 0;
   let batchSigsSuccess = 0;
 
   // If there are multiple batchable sets attempt batch verification with them
-  const batchableSets: {idx: number; sets: SignatureSetDeserialized[]}[] = [];
-  const nonBatchableSets: {idx: number; sets: SignatureSetDeserialized[]}[] = [];
+  const batchableSets: {idx: number; sets: BlsSignatureSet[]}[] = [];
+  const nonBatchableSets: {
+    idx: number;
+    sets: BlsSignatureSet[];
+    operation: VerificationCallOperation.single | VerificationCallOperation.fallback;
+  }[] = [];
 
   // Split sets between batchable and non-batchable preserving their original index in the req array
   for (let i = 0; i < workReqArr.length; i++) {
     const workReq = workReqArr[i];
-    const sets = workReq.sets.map(deserializeSet);
-
-    if (workReq.opts.batchable) {
-      batchableSets.push({idx: i, sets});
-    } else {
-      nonBatchableSets.push({idx: i, sets});
+    switch (workReq.type) {
+      case JobQueueItemType.default: {
+        const {sets} = workReq;
+        if (workReq.opts.batchable) {
+          batchableSets.push({idx: i, sets});
+        } else {
+          nonBatchableSets.push({idx: i, sets, operation: VerificationCallOperation.single});
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+      case JobQueueItemType.sameMessage:
+        try {
+          const result = recordVerificationCall(
+            verificationCalls,
+            VerificationCallOperation.sameMessage,
+            workReq.sets.length,
+            () => verifySignatureSetsSameMessage(workReq.sets, workReq.message)
+          );
+          results[i] = {code: WorkResultCode.success, result};
+        } catch (e) {
+          results[i] = {code: WorkResultCode.error, error: e as Error};
+        }
+        break;
     }
   }
 
@@ -52,7 +86,7 @@ function verifyManySignatureSets(workReqArr: BlsWorkReq[]): BlsWorkResult {
     const batchableChunks = chunkifyMaximizeChunkSize(batchableSets, BATCHABLE_MIN_PER_CHUNK);
 
     for (const batchableChunk of batchableChunks) {
-      const allSets: SignatureSetDeserialized[] = [];
+      const allSets: BlsSignatureSet[] = [];
       for (const {sets} of batchableChunk) {
         for (const set of sets) {
           allSets.push(set);
@@ -61,33 +95,49 @@ function verifyManySignatureSets(workReqArr: BlsWorkReq[]): BlsWorkResult {
 
       try {
         // Attempt to verify multiple sets at once
-        const isValid = verifySignatureSetsMaybeBatch(allSets);
+        const isValid = recordVerificationCall(verificationCalls, VerificationCallOperation.batch, allSets.length, () =>
+          verifySignatureSets(allSets)
+        );
 
         if (isValid) {
           // The entire batch is valid, return success to all
           for (const {idx, sets} of batchableChunk) {
             batchSigsSuccess += sets.length;
-            results[idx] = {code: WorkResultCode.success, result: isValid};
+            results[idx] = {code: WorkResultCode.success, result: [isValid]};
           }
         } else {
           batchRetries++;
           // Re-verify all sigs
-          nonBatchableSets.push(...batchableChunk);
+          nonBatchableSets.push(
+            ...batchableChunk.map(({idx, sets}) => ({
+              idx,
+              sets,
+              operation: VerificationCallOperation.fallback as const,
+            }))
+          );
         }
       } catch (_e) {
         // TODO: Ignore this error expecting that the same error will happen when re-verifying the set individually
-        //       It's not ideal but '@chainsafe/blst' may throw errors on some conditions
+        //       It's not ideal but the BLS implementation may throw errors on some conditions
         batchRetries++;
         // Re-verify all sigs
-        nonBatchableSets.push(...batchableChunk);
+        nonBatchableSets.push(
+          ...batchableChunk.map(({idx, sets}) => ({
+            idx,
+            sets,
+            operation: VerificationCallOperation.fallback as const,
+          }))
+        );
       }
     }
   }
 
-  for (const {idx, sets} of nonBatchableSets) {
+  for (const {idx, sets, operation} of nonBatchableSets) {
     try {
-      const isValid = verifySignatureSetsMaybeBatch(sets);
-      results[idx] = {code: WorkResultCode.success, result: isValid};
+      const isValid = recordVerificationCall(verificationCalls, operation, sets.length, () =>
+        verifySignatureSets(sets)
+      );
+      results[idx] = {code: WorkResultCode.success, result: [isValid]};
     } catch (e) {
       results[idx] = {code: WorkResultCode.error, error: e as Error};
     }
@@ -99,16 +149,24 @@ function verifyManySignatureSets(workReqArr: BlsWorkReq[]): BlsWorkResult {
     workerId,
     batchRetries,
     batchSigsSuccess,
+    verificationCalls,
     workerStartTime: [startSec, startNs],
     workerEndTime: [workerEndSec, workerEndNs],
     results,
   };
 }
 
-function deserializeSet(set: SerializedSet): SignatureSetDeserialized {
-  return {
-    publicKey: PublicKey.fromBytes(set.publicKey),
-    message: set.message,
-    signature: set.signature,
-  };
+function recordVerificationCall<T>(
+  calls: VerificationCall[],
+  operation: VerificationCallOperation,
+  signatureSets: number,
+  verify: () => T
+): T {
+  const startTime = process.hrtime();
+  try {
+    return verify();
+  } finally {
+    const [seconds, nanoseconds] = process.hrtime(startTime);
+    calls.push({operation, signatureSets, duration: seconds + nanoseconds / 1e9});
+  }
 }

package/src/chain/bls/singleThread.ts

@@ -1,31 +1,20 @@
-import {PublicKey, Signature, aggregatePublicKeys, aggregateSignatures, verify} from "@chainsafe/blst";
-import {ISignatureSet, PubkeyCache} from "@lodestar/state-transition";
+import {verifySignatureSetsSameMessage} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/bls-verifier";
+import {ISignatureSet} from "@lodestar/state-transition";
 import {Metrics} from "../../metrics/index.js";
-import {IBlsVerifier} from "./interface.js";
-import {verifySignatureSetsMaybeBatch} from "./maybeBatch.js";
-import {getAggregatedPubkey, getAggregatedPubkeysCount} from "./utils.js";
+import {IBlsVerifier, SameMessageSignatureSet} from "./interface.js";
+import {chunkSameMessageSignatureSets, getAggregatedPubkeysCount, verifySignatureSetsInBatches} from "./utils.js";
 
 export class BlsSingleThreadVerifier implements IBlsVerifier {
   private readonly metrics: Metrics | null;
-  private readonly pubkeyCache: PubkeyCache;
-
-  constructor({metrics = null, pubkeyCache}: {metrics: Metrics | null; pubkeyCache: PubkeyCache}) {
+  constructor({metrics = null}: {metrics: Metrics | null}) {
     this.metrics = metrics;
-    this.pubkeyCache = pubkeyCache;
   }
 
   async verifySignatureSets(sets: ISignatureSet[]): Promise<boolean> {
     this.metrics?.bls.aggregatedPubkeys.inc(getAggregatedPubkeysCount(sets));
 
-    const setsAggregated = sets.map((set) => ({
-      publicKey: getAggregatedPubkey(set, this.pubkeyCache, this.metrics),
-      message: set.signingRoot,
-      signature: set.signature,
-    }));
-
-    // Count time after aggregating
     const timer = this.metrics?.blsThreadPool.mainThreadDurationInThreadPool.startTimer();
-    const isValid = verifySignatureSetsMaybeBatch(setsAggregated);
+    const isValid = verifySignatureSetsInBatches(sets);
 
     // Don't use a try/catch, only count run without exceptions
     if (timer) {
@@ -35,46 +24,13 @@ export class BlsSingleThreadVerifier implements IBlsVerifier {
     return isValid;
   }
 
-  async verifySignatureSetsSameMessage(
-    sets: {publicKey: PublicKey; signature: Uint8Array}[],
-    message: Uint8Array
-  ): Promise<boolean[]> {
+  async verifySignatureSetsSameMessage(sets: SameMessageSignatureSet[], message: Uint8Array): Promise<boolean[]> {
     const timer = this.metrics?.blsThreadPool.mainThreadDurationInThreadPool.startTimer();
-    const pubkey = aggregatePublicKeys(sets.map((set) => set.publicKey));
-    let isAllValid = true;
-    // validate signature = true
-    const signatures = sets.map((set) => {
-      try {
-        return Signature.fromBytes(set.signature, true);
-      } catch (_) {
-        // at least one set has malformed signature
-        isAllValid = false;
-        return null;
-      }
-    });
-
-    if (isAllValid) {
-      const signature = aggregateSignatures(signatures as Signature[]);
-      isAllValid = verify(message, pubkey, signature);
-    }
-
-    let result: boolean[];
-    if (isAllValid) {
-      result = sets.map(() => true);
-    } else {
-      result = sets.map((set, i) => {
-        const sig = signatures[i];
-        if (sig === null) {
-          return false;
-        }
-        return verify(message, set.publicKey, sig);
-      });
+    const result: boolean[] = [];
+    for (const setsChunk of chunkSameMessageSignatureSets(sets)) {
+      result.push(...verifySignatureSetsSameMessage(setsChunk, message));
     }
-
-    if (timer) {
-      timer();
-    }
-
+    timer?.();
     return result;
   }
 

package/src/chain/bls/utils.ts

@@ -1,33 +1,32 @@
-import {PublicKey, aggregatePublicKeys} from "@chainsafe/blst";
-import {ISignatureSet, PubkeyCache, SignatureSetType} from "@lodestar/state-transition";
-import {Metrics} from "../../metrics/metrics.js";
+import {
+  BLS_VERIFIER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE,
+  BLS_VERIFIER_MAX_SAME_MESSAGE_BATCH_SIZE,
+  verifySignatureSets,
+} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/bls-verifier";
+import {ISignatureSet, SignatureSetType, toBlsSignatureSet} from "@lodestar/state-transition";
+import {SameMessageSignatureSet} from "./interface.js";
 
-export function getAggregatedPubkey(
-  signatureSet: ISignatureSet,
-  pubkeyCache: PubkeyCache,
-  metrics: Metrics | null = null
-): PublicKey {
-  switch (signatureSet.type) {
-    case SignatureSetType.single:
-      return signatureSet.pubkey;
+export function verifySignatureSetsInBatches(signatureSets: ISignatureSet[]): boolean {
+  if (signatureSets.length === 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
-    case SignatureSetType.indexed: {
-      return pubkeyCache.getOrThrow(signatureSet.index);
+  for (let start = 0; start < signatureSets.length; start += BLS_VERIFIER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE) {
+    const sets = signatureSets.slice(start, start + BLS_VERIFIER_MAX_BATCH_SIZE).map(toBlsSignatureSet);
+    if (!verifySignatureSets(sets)) {
+      return false;
     }
+  }
 
-    case SignatureSetType.aggregate: {
-      const timer = metrics?.blsThreadPool.pubkeysAggregationMainThreadDuration.startTimer();
-      const pubkeys = signatureSet.indices.map((i) => {
-        return pubkeyCache.getOrThrow(i);
-      });
-      const aggregated = aggregatePublicKeys(pubkeys);
-      timer?.();
-      return aggregated;
-    }
+  return true;
+}
 
-    default:
-      throw Error("Unknown signature set type");
+export function chunkSameMessageSignatureSets(sets: SameMessageSignatureSet[]): SameMessageSignatureSet[][] {
+  const chunks: SameMessageSignatureSet[][] = [];
+  for (let start = 0; start < sets.length; start += BLS_VERIFIER_MAX_SAME_MESSAGE_BATCH_SIZE) {
+    chunks.push(sets.slice(start, start + BLS_VERIFIER_MAX_SAME_MESSAGE_BATCH_SIZE));
   }
+  return chunks;
 }
 
 export function getAggregatedPubkeysCount(signatureSets: ISignatureSet[]): number {

package/src/chain/chain.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import path from "node:path";
 import {PrivateKey} from "@libp2p/interface";
+import {type PubkeyCache} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/pubkeys";
 import {Type} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {routes} from "@lodestar/api";
 import {BeaconConfig} from "@lodestar/config";
@@ -25,7 +26,6 @@ import {
   EffectiveBalanceIncrements,
   EpochShuffling,
   IBeaconStateView,
-  PubkeyCache,
   computeEndSlotAtEpoch,
   computeEpochAtSlot,
   computeStartSlotAtEpoch,
@@ -307,8 +307,8 @@ export class BeaconChain implements IBeaconChain {
     const emitter = new ChainEventEmitter();
     // by default, verify signatures on both main threads and worker threads
     const bls = opts.blsVerifyAllMainThread
-      ? new BlsSingleThreadVerifier({metrics, pubkeyCache})
-      : new BlsMultiThreadWorkerPool(opts, {logger, metrics, pubkeyCache});
+      ? new BlsSingleThreadVerifier({metrics})
+      : new BlsMultiThreadWorkerPool(opts, {logger, metrics});
 
     if (!clock) clock = new Clock({config, genesisTime: this.genesisTime, signal});
 
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@ export class BeaconChain implements IBeaconChain {
       //   seenAggregators = single aggregator index, not participants of the aggregate
       this.seenAggregators.isKnown(epoch, index) ||
       //   seenPayloadAttesters = single signer of payload attestation message
-      this.seenPayloadAttesters.isKnown(epoch, index) ||
+      this.seenPayloadAttesters.seenAtEpoch(epoch, index) ||
       //   seenBlockProposers = single block proposer
       this.seenBlockProposers.seenAtEpoch(epoch, index)
     );
@@ -1090,7 +1090,7 @@ export class BeaconChain implements IBeaconChain {
       RegenCaller.produceBlock
     );
     const proposerIndex = state.getBeaconProposer(slot);
-    const proposerPubKey = this.pubkeyCache.getOrThrow(proposerIndex).toBytes();
+    const proposerPubKey = this.pubkeyCache.getPubkeyBytesOrThrow(proposerIndex);
 
     const {body, produceResult, executionPayloadValue, shouldOverrideBuilder} = await produceBlockBody.call(
       this,
@@ -1577,6 +1577,8 @@ export class BeaconChain implements IBeaconChain {
     // syncContributionAndProofPool tracks metrics on its own
     metrics.opPool.blsToExecutionChangePoolSize.set(this.opPool.blsToExecutionChangeSize);
     metrics.chain.blacklistedBlocks.set(this.blacklistedBlocks.size);
+    metrics.bls.pubkeyCacheSize.set(this.pubkeyCache.size);
+    metrics.bls.pubkeyCacheCapacity.set(this.pubkeyCache.capacity);
 
     const headState = this.getHeadState();
     if (isStatePostElectra(headState)) {

package/src/chain/errors/proposerPreferences.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
+import {ForkName} from "@lodestar/params";
 import {Epoch, RootHex, Slot, ValidatorIndex} from "@lodestar/types";
 import {GossipActionError} from "./gossipValidation.js";
 
 export enum ProposerPreferencesErrorCode {
+  PRE_GLOAS_PROPOSAL_SLOT = "PROPOSER_PREFERENCES_ERROR_PRE_GLOAS_PROPOSAL_SLOT",
   INVALID_EPOCH = "PROPOSER_PREFERENCES_ERROR_INVALID_EPOCH",
   PROPOSAL_SLOT_PASSED = "PROPOSER_PREFERENCES_ERROR_PROPOSAL_SLOT_PASSED",
   UNKNOWN_DEPENDENT_ROOT = "PROPOSER_PREFERENCES_ERROR_UNKNOWN_DEPENDENT_ROOT",
@@ -13,6 +15,11 @@ export enum ProposerPreferencesErrorCode {
 }
 
 export type ProposerPreferencesErrorType =
+  | {
+      code: ProposerPreferencesErrorCode.PRE_GLOAS_PROPOSAL_SLOT;
+      proposalSlot: Slot;
+      proposalFork: ForkName;
+    }
   | {
       code: ProposerPreferencesErrorCode.INVALID_EPOCH;
       proposalSlot: Slot;

package/src/chain/interface.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+import {type PubkeyCache} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/pubkeys";
 import {Type} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {BeaconConfig} from "@lodestar/config";
 import {CheckpointWithHex, IForkChoice, ProtoBlock} from "@lodestar/fork-choice";
-import {EpochShuffling, IBeaconStateView, PubkeyCache} from "@lodestar/state-transition";
+import {EpochShuffling, IBeaconStateView} from "@lodestar/state-transition";
 import {
   BeaconBlock,
   BlindedBeaconBlock,

package/src/chain/opPools/aggregatedAttestationPool.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/blst";
+import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/blst";
 import {BitArray} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {BeaconConfig} from "@lodestar/config";
 import {IForkChoice} from "@lodestar/fork-choice";

package/src/chain/opPools/attestationPool.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/blst";
+import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/blst";
 import {BitArray} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {ChainForkConfig} from "@lodestar/config";
 import {MAX_COMMITTEES_PER_SLOT, isForkPostElectra} from "@lodestar/params";

package/src/chain/opPools/payloadAttestationPool.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/blst";
+import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/blst";
 import {BitArray} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {ChainForkConfig} from "@lodestar/config";
 import {MAX_COMMITTEES_PER_SLOT, MAX_PAYLOAD_ATTESTATIONS, PTC_SIZE} from "@lodestar/params";
@@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ function aggregateMessageInto(
   validatorCommitteeIndices: number[],
   aggregate: AggregateFast
 ): InsertOutcome {
-  // Gossip dedup via `seenPayloadAttesters` is keyed by (epoch, validatorIndex), so the same
-  // validator's message is never processed twice — all of its bits are set together or none.
+  // Gossip dedup via `seenPayloadAttesters` is keyed by (slot, validatorIndex), so the same
+  // validator's message is never processed twice for this aggregate's slot. All of its bits are set together or none.
   // Checking the first index is sufficient.
   if (aggregate.aggregationBits.get(validatorCommitteeIndices[0]) === true) {
     return InsertOutcome.AlreadyKnown;

package/src/chain/opPools/syncCommitteeMessagePool.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/blst";
+import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/blst";
 import {BitArray} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {ChainForkConfig} from "@lodestar/config";
 import {SYNC_COMMITTEE_SIZE, SYNC_COMMITTEE_SUBNET_COUNT} from "@lodestar/params";

package/src/chain/opPools/syncContributionAndProofPool.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/blst";
+import {Signature, aggregateSignatures} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/blst";
 import {BitArray} from "@chainsafe/ssz";
 import {ChainForkConfig} from "@lodestar/config";
 import {SYNC_COMMITTEE_SIZE, SYNC_COMMITTEE_SUBNET_SIZE} from "@lodestar/params";

package/src/chain/opPools/utils.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import {Signature} from "@chainsafe/blst";
+import {Signature} from "@chainsafe/lodestar-z/blst";
 import {BLS_WITHDRAWAL_PREFIX} from "@lodestar/params";
 import {IBeaconStateView} from "@lodestar/state-transition";
 import {Slot, capella} from "@lodestar/types";

package/src/chain/seenCache/seenAttesters.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-import {Epoch, ValidatorIndex} from "@lodestar/types";
+import {computeEpochAtSlot} from "@lodestar/state-transition";
+import {Epoch, Slot, ValidatorIndex} from "@lodestar/types";
 import {MapDef} from "@lodestar/utils";
 
 // How many *non future* epochs we intend to keep for SeenAttesters.
@@ -57,7 +58,32 @@ export class SeenAttesters {
  */
 export class SeenAggregators extends SeenAttesters {}
 
-/**
- * Keeps a cache to filter payload attestations from the same attesters in the same epoch
- */
-export class SeenPayloadAttesters extends SeenAttesters {}
+/** Keeps a cache to filter payload attestations from the same validator in the same slot. */
+export class SeenPayloadAttesters {
+  private readonly validatorIndexesBySlot = new MapDef<Slot, Set<ValidatorIndex>>(() => new Set<ValidatorIndex>());
+  private readonly validatorIndexesByEpoch = new SeenAttesters();
+
+  isKnown(slot: Slot, validatorIndex: ValidatorIndex): boolean {
+    return this.validatorIndexesBySlot.get(slot)?.has(validatorIndex) === true;
+  }
+
+  add(slot: Slot, validatorIndex: ValidatorIndex): void {
+    const epoch = computeEpochAtSlot(slot);
+    this.validatorIndexesByEpoch.add(epoch, validatorIndex);
+    this.validatorIndexesBySlot.getOrDefault(slot).add(validatorIndex);
+  }
+
+  seenAtEpoch(epoch: Epoch, validatorIndex: ValidatorIndex): boolean {
+    return this.validatorIndexesByEpoch.isKnown(epoch, validatorIndex);
+  }
+
+  prune(currentEpoch: Epoch): void {
+    const lowestPermissibleEpoch = Math.max(currentEpoch - EPOCH_LOOKBACK_LIMIT, 0);
+    for (const slot of this.validatorIndexesBySlot.keys()) {
+      if (computeEpochAtSlot(slot) < lowestPermissibleEpoch) {
+        this.validatorIndexesBySlot.delete(slot);
+      }
+    }
+    this.validatorIndexesByEpoch.prune(currentEpoch);
+  }
+}

package/src/chain/validation/attestation.ts

@@ -142,13 +142,7 @@ export async function validateGossipAttestationsSameAttData(
   const batchableBls = signatureSets.length >= chain.opts.minSameMessageSignatureSetsToBatch;
   if (batchableBls) {
     // all signature sets should have same signing root since we filtered in network processor
-    signatureValids = await chain.bls.verifySignatureSetsSameMessage(
-      signatureSets.map((set) => {
-        const publicKey = chain.pubkeyCache.getOrThrow(set.index);
-        return {publicKey, signature: set.signature};
-      }),
-      signatureSets[0].signingRoot
-    );
+    signatureValids = await chain.bls.verifySignatureSetsSameMessage(signatureSets, signatureSets[0].signingRoot);
   } else {
     // don't want to block the main thread if there are too few signatures
     signatureValids = await Promise.all(

package/src/chain/validation/attesterSlashing.ts

@@ -44,14 +44,7 @@ export async function validateAttesterSlashing(
   // [REJECT] All of the conditions within process_attester_slashing pass validation.
   try {
     // verifySignature = false, verified in batch below
-    assertValidAttesterSlashing(
-      chain.config,
-      chain.pubkeyCache,
-      state.slot,
-      state.validatorCount,
-      attesterSlashing,
-      false
-    );
+    assertValidAttesterSlashing(chain.config, state.slot, state.validatorCount, attesterSlashing, false);
   } catch (e) {
     throw new AttesterSlashingError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
       code: AttesterSlashingErrorCode.INVALID,

package/src/chain/validation/executionPayloadBid.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import {PublicKey} from "@chainsafe/blst";
 import {IForkChoice, ProtoBlock} from "@lodestar/fork-choice";
 import {PAYLOAD_BUILDER_VERSION} from "@lodestar/params";
 import {
@@ -345,7 +344,7 @@ async function validateExecutionPayloadBid(
 
   // [REJECT] `signed_execution_payload_bid.signature` is valid with respect to the `bid.builder_index`.
   const signatureSet = createSingleSignatureSetFromComponents(
-    PublicKey.fromBytes(builder.pubkey),
+    builder.pubkey,
     getExecutionPayloadBidSigningRoot(chain.config, bid),
     signedExecutionPayloadBid.signature
   );

package/src/chain/validation/executionPayloadEnvelope.ts

@@ -170,7 +170,6 @@ async function validateExecutionPayloadEnvelope(
   // by `verify_execution_payload_envelope_signature`.
   const signatureSet = getExecutionPayloadEnvelopeSignatureSet(
     chain.config,
-    chain.pubkeyCache,
     blockState,
     executionPayloadEnvelope,
     payloadInput.proposerIndex

package/src/chain/validation/payloadAttestationMessage.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import {
-  computeEpochAtSlot,
-  createSingleSignatureSetFromComponents,
+  createIndexedSignatureSetFromComponents,
   getPayloadAttestationDataSigningRoot,
   isStatePostGloas,
 } from "@lodestar/state-transition";
@@ -36,7 +35,6 @@ async function validatePayloadAttestationMessage(
   prioritizeBls = false
 ): Promise<PayloadAttestationValidationResult> {
   const {data, validatorIndex} = payloadAttestationMessage;
-  const epoch = computeEpochAtSlot(data.slot);
 
   // [IGNORE] The message's slot is for the current slot (with a `MAXIMUM_GOSSIP_CLOCK_DISPARITY` allowance), i.e. `data.slot == current_slot`.
   if (!chain.clock.isCurrentSlotGivenGossipDisparity(data.slot)) {
@@ -48,9 +46,8 @@ async function validatePayloadAttestationMessage(
   }
 
   // [IGNORE] The `payload_attestation_message` is the first valid message received
-  // from the validator with index `payload_attestation_message.validator_index`.
-  // A single validator can participate PTC at most once per epoch
-  if (chain.seenPayloadAttesters.isKnown(epoch, validatorIndex)) {
+  // for the slot from the validator with index `payload_attestation_message.validator_index`.
+  if (chain.seenPayloadAttesters.isKnown(data.slot, validatorIndex)) {
     throw new PayloadAttestationError(GossipAction.IGNORE, {
       code: PayloadAttestationErrorCode.PAYLOAD_ATTESTATION_ALREADY_KNOWN,
       validatorIndex,
@@ -114,16 +111,8 @@ async function validatePayloadAttestationMessage(
   }
 
   // [REJECT] `payload_attestation_message.signature` is valid with respect to the validator's public key.
-  const validatorPubkey = chain.pubkeyCache.get(validatorIndex);
-  if (!validatorPubkey) {
-    throw new PayloadAttestationError(GossipAction.REJECT, {
-      code: PayloadAttestationErrorCode.INVALID_ATTESTER,
-      attesterIndex: validatorIndex,
-    });
-  }
-
-  const signatureSet = createSingleSignatureSetFromComponents(
-    validatorPubkey,
+  const signatureSet = createIndexedSignatureSetFromComponents(
+    validatorIndex,
     getPayloadAttestationDataSigningRoot(chain.config, data),
     payloadAttestationMessage.signature
   );
@@ -135,7 +124,7 @@ async function validatePayloadAttestationMessage(
   }
 
   // Valid
-  chain.seenPayloadAttesters.add(epoch, validatorIndex);
+  chain.seenPayloadAttesters.add(data.slot, validatorIndex);
 
   return {
     attDataRootHex: toRootHex(ssz.gloas.PayloadAttestationData.hashTreeRoot(data)),