@loaders.gl/arcgis 5.0.0-alpha.10

package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+export type { Service as ArcGISService } from "./arcgis/arcgis-server.js";
+export type { ArcGISCapabilityGraph, ArcGISCapabilityGraphOptions, ArcGISServiceCapabilities, ArcGISServiceSelection } from "./arcgis/arcgis-capability-graph.js";
+export { ArcGISFeatureServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-feature-server-source-loader-types.js";
+export type { ArcGISVectorSource } from "./arcgis/arcgis-feature-server-source-loader.js";
+export { ArcGISImageServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-server-source-loader-types.js";
+export type { ArcGISImageSource } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-server-source-loader.js";
+export { ArcGISImageTileSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-tile-source-loader-types.js";
+export type { ArcGISImageTileSource } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-tile-source-loader.js";
+export { ArcGISMapTileSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-map-tile-source-loader-types.js";
+export type { ArcGISMapTileSource } from "./arcgis/arcgis-map-tile-source-loader.js";
+export { ArcGISSceneServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-scene-server-source-loader-types.js";
+export type { ArcGISSceneServerSource, ArcGISSceneServerQueryError } from "./arcgis/arcgis-scene-server-source-loader.js";
+export { ArcGISVectorTileServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-vector-tile-server-source-loader-types.js";
+export type { ArcGISVectorTileServerSource } from "./arcgis/arcgis-vector-tile-server-source-loader.js";
+export type { ArcGISFeatureServiceQueryOptions, ArcGISFeatureServerSourceLoaderOptions, ArcGISExportImageParameters, ArcGISImageSourceLoaderProps, ArcGISImageTileSourceLoaderOptions, ArcGISMapTileSourceLoaderOptions, ArcGISVectorTileServiceMetadata, ArcGISVectorTileServerSourceLoaderOptions, ArcGISSceneServerSourceOptions, ArcGISSceneQueryOptions, ArcGISSceneQueryResult } from "./arcgis-source-types.js";
+export type { ArcGISSceneAggregationOperation, ArcGISSceneAggregationSpec, ArcGISSceneAggregationOptions, ArcGISSceneAggregationGroup } from "./arcgis/arcgis-scene-aggregation.js";
+export type { ArcGISLoader } from "./service-registry.js";
+export { ARCGIS_LOADERS, getArcGISLoader } from "./service-registry.js";
+export type { ArcGISAuthentication } from "./authentication.js";
+export type { ArcGISCredentialOptions } from "./authentication.js";
+export type { ArcGISFeatureQueryParameters, ArcGISFeatureQueryOptions, ArcGISFeatureQueryProgress, ArcGISFeatureQueryResult, ArcGISFeatureObjectIds, ArcGISFeatureExtent } from "./arcgis-feature-query-types.js";
+export type { ArcGISFeatureQueryError } from "./arcgis/arcgis-feature-query.js";
+export type { ArcGISItem, ArcGISItemLayer, ArcGISItemResolution, ArcGISItemOptions } from "./arcgis-items.js";
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map

package/dist/index.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"index.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../src/index.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAIA,YAAY,EAAC,OAAO,IAAI,aAAa,EAAC,kCAA+B;AACrE,YAAY,EACV,qBAAqB,EACrB,4BAA4B,EAC5B,yBAAyB,EACzB,sBAAsB,EACvB,4CAAyC;AAE1C,OAAO,EAAC,+BAA+B,EAAC,8DAA2D;AACnG,YAAY,EAAC,kBAAkB,EAAC,wDAAqD;AACrF,OAAO,EAAC,6BAA6B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AAC/F,YAAY,EAAC,iBAAiB,EAAC,sDAAmD;AAClF,OAAO,EAAC,2BAA2B,EAAC,0DAAuD;AAC3F,YAAY,EAAC,qBAAqB,EAAC,oDAAiD;AACpF,OAAO,EAAC,yBAAyB,EAAC,wDAAqD;AACvF,YAAY,EAAC,mBAAmB,EAAC,kDAA+C;AAChF,OAAO,EAAC,6BAA6B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AAC/F,YAAY,EACV,uBAAuB,EACvB,2BAA2B,EAC5B,sDAAmD;AACpD,OAAO,EAAC,kCAAkC,EAAC,kEAA+D;AAC1G,YAAY,EAAC,4BAA4B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AACnG,YAAY,EACV,gCAAgC,EAChC,sCAAsC,EACtC,2BAA2B,EAC3B,4BAA4B,EAC5B,kCAAkC,EAClC,gCAAgC,EAChC,+BAA+B,EAC/B,yCAAyC,EACzC,8BAA8B,EAC9B,uBAAuB,EACvB,sBAAsB,EACvB,iCAA8B;AAE/B,YAAY,EACV,+BAA+B,EAC/B,0BAA0B,EAC1B,6BAA6B,EAC7B,2BAA2B,EAC5B,6CAA0C;AAE3C,YAAY,EAAC,YAAY,EAAC,8BAA2B;AACrD,OAAO,EAAC,cAAc,EAAE,eAAe,EAAC,8BAA2B;AAEnE,YAAY,EAAC,oBAAoB,EAAC,4BAAyB;AAC3D,YAAY,EAAC,uBAAuB,EAAC,4BAAyB;AAE9D,YAAY,EACV,4BAA4B,EAC5B,yBAAyB,EACzB,0BAA0B,EAC1B,wBAAwB,EACxB,sBAAsB,EACtB,mBAAmB,EACpB,wCAAqC;AACtC,YAAY,EAAC,uBAAuB,EAAC,yCAAsC;AAE3E,YAAY,EACV,UAAU,EACV,eAAe,EACf,oBAAoB,EACpB,iBAAiB,EAClB,0BAAuB"}

package/dist/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// loaders.gl
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// Copyright (c) vis.gl contributors
+export { ArcGISFeatureServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-feature-server-source-loader-types.js";
+export { ArcGISImageServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-server-source-loader-types.js";
+export { ArcGISImageTileSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-tile-source-loader-types.js";
+export { ArcGISMapTileSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-map-tile-source-loader-types.js";
+export { ArcGISSceneServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-scene-server-source-loader-types.js";
+export { ArcGISVectorTileServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-vector-tile-server-source-loader-types.js";
+export { ARCGIS_LOADERS, getArcGISLoader } from "./service-registry.js";
+//# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map

package/dist/index.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"index.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../src/index.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,aAAa;AACb,+BAA+B;AAC/B,oCAAoC;AAUpC,OAAO,EAAC,+BAA+B,EAAC,8DAA2D;AAEnG,OAAO,EAAC,6BAA6B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AAE/F,OAAO,EAAC,2BAA2B,EAAC,0DAAuD;AAE3F,OAAO,EAAC,yBAAyB,EAAC,wDAAqD;AAEvF,OAAO,EAAC,6BAA6B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AAK/F,OAAO,EAAC,kCAAkC,EAAC,kEAA+D;AAwB1G,OAAO,EAAC,cAAc,EAAE,eAAe,EAAC,8BAA2B"}

package/dist/service-registry.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { ArcGISFeatureServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-feature-server-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISImageServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-server-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISImageTileSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-tile-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISMapTileSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-map-tile-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISSceneServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-scene-server-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISVectorTileServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-vector-tile-server-source-loader-types.js";
+/** A source loader currently exposed through the ArcGIS package. */
+export type ArcGISLoader = typeof ArcGISFeatureServerSourceLoader | typeof ArcGISImageServerSourceLoader | typeof ArcGISImageTileSourceLoader | typeof ArcGISMapTileSourceLoader | typeof ArcGISVectorTileServerSourceLoader | typeof ArcGISSceneServerSourceLoader;
+/** All source loaders owned by `@loaders.gl/arcgis`, in URL-selection order. */
+export declare const ARCGIS_LOADERS: ArcGISLoader[];
+/**
+ * Finds a service loader by its canonical loader id or service type.
+ *
+ * The lookup is intentionally small and explicit. It provides discovery without
+ * introducing a second request lifecycle or hiding provider-specific options.
+ */
+export declare function getArcGISLoader(serviceType: string): ArcGISLoader | undefined;
+//# sourceMappingURL=service-registry.d.ts.map

package/dist/service-registry.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"service-registry.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../src/service-registry.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAIA,OAAO,EAAC,+BAA+B,EAAC,8DAA2D;AACnG,OAAO,EAAC,6BAA6B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AAC/F,OAAO,EAAC,2BAA2B,EAAC,0DAAuD;AAC3F,OAAO,EAAC,yBAAyB,EAAC,wDAAqD;AACvF,OAAO,EAAC,6BAA6B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AAC/F,OAAO,EAAC,kCAAkC,EAAC,kEAA+D;AAE1G,oEAAoE;AACpE,MAAM,MAAM,YAAY,GACpB,OAAO,+BAA+B,GACtC,OAAO,6BAA6B,GACpC,OAAO,2BAA2B,GAClC,OAAO,yBAAyB,GAChC,OAAO,kCAAkC,GACzC,OAAO,6BAA6B,CAAC;AAEzC,gFAAgF;AAChF,eAAO,MAAM,cAAc,EAAE,YAAY,EAOxC,CAAC;AAEF;;;;;GAKG;AACH,wBAAgB,eAAe,CAAC,WAAW,EAAE,MAAM,GAAG,YAAY,GAAG,SAAS,CAM7E"}

package/dist/service-registry.js

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// loaders.gl
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// Copyright (c) vis.gl contributors
+import { ArcGISFeatureServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-feature-server-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISImageServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-server-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISImageTileSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-image-tile-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISMapTileSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-map-tile-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISSceneServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-scene-server-source-loader-types.js";
+import { ArcGISVectorTileServerSourceLoader } from "./arcgis/arcgis-vector-tile-server-source-loader-types.js";
+/** All source loaders owned by `@loaders.gl/arcgis`, in URL-selection order. */
+export const ARCGIS_LOADERS = [
+    ArcGISFeatureServerSourceLoader,
+    ArcGISImageServerSourceLoader,
+    ArcGISImageTileSourceLoader,
+    ArcGISMapTileSourceLoader,
+    ArcGISVectorTileServerSourceLoader,
+    ArcGISSceneServerSourceLoader
+];
+/**
+ * Finds a service loader by its canonical loader id or service type.
+ *
+ * The lookup is intentionally small and explicit. It provides discovery without
+ * introducing a second request lifecycle or hiding provider-specific options.
+ */
+export function getArcGISLoader(serviceType) {
+    const normalizedServiceType = serviceType.toLowerCase();
+    return ARCGIS_LOADERS.find(serviceLoader => serviceLoader.id === normalizedServiceType || serviceLoader.type === normalizedServiceType);
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=service-registry.js.map

package/dist/service-registry.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"version":3,"file":"service-registry.js","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../src/service-registry.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,aAAa;AACb,+BAA+B;AAC/B,oCAAoC;AAEpC,OAAO,EAAC,+BAA+B,EAAC,8DAA2D;AACnG,OAAO,EAAC,6BAA6B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AAC/F,OAAO,EAAC,2BAA2B,EAAC,0DAAuD;AAC3F,OAAO,EAAC,yBAAyB,EAAC,wDAAqD;AACvF,OAAO,EAAC,6BAA6B,EAAC,4DAAyD;AAC/F,OAAO,EAAC,kCAAkC,EAAC,kEAA+D;AAW1G,gFAAgF;AAChF,MAAM,CAAC,MAAM,cAAc,GAAmB;IAC5C,+BAA+B;IAC/B,6BAA6B;IAC7B,2BAA2B;IAC3B,yBAAyB;IACzB,kCAAkC;IAClC,6BAA6B;CAC9B,CAAC;AAEF;;;;;GAKG;AACH,MAAM,UAAU,eAAe,CAAC,WAAmB;IACjD,MAAM,qBAAqB,GAAG,WAAW,CAAC,WAAW,EAAE,CAAC;IACxD,OAAO,cAAc,CAAC,IAAI,CACxB,aAAa,CAAC,EAAE,CACd,aAAa,CAAC,EAAE,KAAK,qBAAqB,IAAI,aAAa,CAAC,IAAI,KAAK,qBAAqB,CAC7F,CAAC;AACJ,CAAC"}

package/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+{
+  "name": "@loaders.gl/arcgis",
+  "version": "5.0.0-alpha.10",
+  "description": "ArcGIS REST data sources for geospatial visualization",
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "type": "module",
+  "publishConfig": {
+    "access": "public"
+  },
+  "repository": {
+    "type": "git",
+    "url": "https://github.com/visgl/loaders.gl"
+  },
+  "keywords": [
+    "ArcGIS",
+    "services",
+    "FeatureServer",
+    "ImageServer",
+    "MapServer",
+    "geospatial",
+    "loader"
+  ],
+  "types": "dist/index.d.ts",
+  "main": "dist/index.cjs",
+  "module": "dist/index.js",
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "types": "./dist/index.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/index.js",
+      "require": "./dist/index.cjs"
+    },
+    "./bundled": {
+      "types": "./dist/bundled.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/bundled.js"
+    },
+    "./arcgis-feature-server-source-loader": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-feature-server-source-loader.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-feature-server-source-loader.js"
+    },
+    "./arcgis-image-server-source-loader": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-image-server-source-loader.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-image-server-source-loader.js"
+    },
+    "./arcgis-image-tile-source-loader": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-image-tile-source-loader.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-image-tile-source-loader.js"
+    },
+    "./arcgis-map-tile-source-loader": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-map-tile-source-loader.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-map-tile-source-loader.js"
+    },
+    "./arcgis-scene-server-source-loader": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-scene-server-source-loader.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-scene-server-source-loader.js"
+    },
+    "./arcgis-vector-tile-server-source-loader": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-vector-tile-server-source-loader.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-vector-tile-server-source-loader.js"
+    },
+    "./authentication": {
+      "types": "./dist/authentication.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/authentication.js"
+    },
+    "./discovery": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-capability-graph.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-capability-graph.js"
+    },
+    "./scene-aggregation": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-scene-aggregation.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis/arcgis-scene-aggregation.js"
+    },
+    "./items": {
+      "types": "./dist/arcgis-items.d.ts",
+      "import": "./dist/arcgis-items.js"
+    }
+  },
+  "sideEffects": false,
+  "files": [
+    "src",
+    "dist",
+    "README.md"
+  ],
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@loaders.gl/gis": "5.0.0-alpha.10",
+    "@loaders.gl/i3s": "5.0.0-alpha.10",
+    "@loaders.gl/images": "5.0.0-alpha.10",
+    "@loaders.gl/lerc": "5.0.0-alpha.10",
+    "@loaders.gl/loader-utils": "5.0.0-alpha.10",
+    "@loaders.gl/mvt": "5.0.0-alpha.10",
+    "@loaders.gl/schema": "5.0.0-alpha.10"
+  },
+  "peerDependencies": {
+    "@loaders.gl/core": "~5.0.0-alpha.0"
+  },
+  "gitHead": "7cbfaef633e86356c946541dab4977b522745b6c"
+}

package/src/arcgis/arcgis-capability-graph.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,297 @@
+// loaders.gl
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+// Copyright (c) vis.gl contributors
+
+import {getArcGISServices} from './arcgis-server';
+export {getArcGISServices} from './arcgis-server';
+export type {Service as ArcGISService} from './arcgis-server';
+import type {ServiceCapabilities} from '@loaders.gl/loader-utils';
+import type {Service as ArcGISService} from './arcgis-server';
+
+/** Normalized capabilities discovered from one ArcGIS REST service. */
+export type ArcGISServiceCapabilities = ArcGISService & {
+  /** Stable identifier for the discovered service. */
+  id: string;
+  /** Broad service family used for selection. */
+  kind: 'vector' | 'image' | 'tile' | 'scene' | 'unknown';
+  /** Shared normalized service capability contract. */
+  capabilities: ServiceCapabilities;
+  /** Raw service metadata for provider-specific consumers. */
+  metadata: Record<string, unknown>;
+};
+
+/** A normalized graph of services discovered below an ArcGIS REST directory. */
+export type ArcGISCapabilityGraph = {
+  /** URL used as the discovery root. */
+  rootUrl: string;
+  /** Services discovered below the root, including normalized capabilities. */
+  nodes: ArcGISServiceCapabilities[];
+};
+
+/** Requirements used to select the best matching service node. */
+export type ArcGISServiceSelection = {
+  /** Preferred service family. */
+  kind?: ArcGISServiceCapabilities['kind'];
+  /** Required response or source format. */
+  format?: string;
+  /** Preferred coordinate system. */
+  crs?: string;
+  /** Required I3S layer profile for SceneServer nodes. */
+  profile?: string;
+  /** Required layer identifier for SceneServer nodes. */
+  layerId?: string | number;
+};
+
+/** Options controlling ArcGIS capability discovery. */
+export type ArcGISCapabilityGraphOptions = {
+  /** Optional fetch implementation for hermetic tests and custom transports. */
+  fetch?: typeof fetch;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Discovers an ArcGIS REST directory and normalizes the capabilities of each service.
+ *
+ * Capability requests are explicit and independent from source loading. Applications that
+ * already know the endpoint can continue using the source classes directly.
+ */
+export async function discoverArcGISCapabilities(
+  url: string,
+  options: ArcGISCapabilityGraphOptions = {}
+): Promise<ArcGISCapabilityGraph | null> {
+  const fetchFile = options.fetch || fetch;
+  const services = await getArcGISServices(url, fetchFile);
+  if (!services) return null;
+
+  const nodes = await Promise.all(
+    services.map(async service => {
+      let metadata = await fetchServiceMetadata(service.url, fetchFile);
+      if (service.type.toLowerCase().includes('scene')) {
+        metadata = await enrichSceneServerMetadata(service.url, metadata, fetchFile);
+      }
+      return normalizeServiceCapabilities(service, metadata);
+    })
+  );
+
+  return {rootUrl: url, nodes};
+}
+
+/** Selects the first service satisfying all supplied requirements. */
+export function selectArcGISService(
+  graph: ArcGISCapabilityGraph,
+  requirements: ArcGISServiceSelection = {}
+): ArcGISServiceCapabilities | undefined {
+  return graph.nodes.find(node => {
+    if (requirements.kind && node.kind !== requirements.kind) return false;
+    if (
+      requirements.format &&
+      !node.capabilities.formats.includes(requirements.format.toLowerCase())
+    )
+      return false;
+    if (requirements.crs && !node.capabilities.crs.includes(requirements.crs)) return false;
+    if (
+      requirements.profile &&
+      node.metadata.profile !== requirements.profile &&
+      !node.capabilities.layers.some(layer => layer.profile === requirements.profile)
+    )
+      return false;
+    if (
+      requirements.layerId !== undefined &&
+      !node.capabilities.layers.some(
+        layer =>
+          layer.id === String(requirements.layerId) || layer.name === String(requirements.layerId)
+      )
+    )
+      return false;
+    return true;
+  });
+}
+
+/** Fetches one service's provider-specific metadata document. */
+async function fetchServiceMetadata(
+  serviceUrl: string,
+  fetchFile: typeof fetch
+): Promise<Record<string, unknown>> {
+  const url = new URL(serviceUrl);
+  url.searchParams.set('f', 'pjson');
+  const response = await fetchFile(url.toString());
+  if (!response.ok) {
+    throw new Error(`ArcGIS service metadata request failed: ${response.status}`);
+  }
+  return (await response.json()) as Record<string, unknown>;
+}
+
+/** Fetches layer documents so SceneServer profile selection uses authoritative store metadata. */
+async function enrichSceneServerMetadata(
+  serviceUrl: string,
+  metadata: Record<string, unknown>,
+  fetchFile: typeof fetch
+): Promise<Record<string, unknown>> {
+  const layers = Array.isArray(metadata.layers) ? metadata.layers : [];
+  if (!layers.length) return metadata;
+  const enrichedLayers = await Promise.all(
+    layers.map(async value => {
+      if (!value || typeof value !== 'object') return value;
+      const layer = value as Record<string, unknown>;
+      if (layer.id === undefined) return value;
+      const layerURL = `${serviceUrl.replace(/\/$/, '')}/layers/${encodeURIComponent(String(layer.id))}`;
+      try {
+        const layerMetadata = await fetchServiceMetadata(layerURL, fetchFile);
+        return {...layer, ...layerMetadata, id: layer.id, name: layer.name ?? layerMetadata.name};
+      } catch {
+        // Keep directory metadata when an individual layer is unavailable.
+        return value;
+      }
+    })
+  );
+  return {...metadata, layers: enrichedLayers};
+}
+
+/** Combines directory information and metadata into a normalized capability node. */
+function normalizeServiceCapabilities(
+  service: ArcGISService,
+  metadata: Record<string, unknown>
+): ArcGISServiceCapabilities {
+  const serviceType = service.type;
+  const kind = getServiceKind(serviceType);
+  const formats = getServiceFormats(metadata);
+  const crs = getServiceCrs(metadata);
+  const layers = getServiceLayers(metadata).map(layer => ({
+    ...layer,
+    url:
+      layer.url ||
+      (serviceType.includes('scene') && layer.id
+        ? `${service.url.replace(/\/$/, '')}/layers/${encodeURIComponent(layer.id)}`
+        : undefined)
+  }));
+  const capabilities: ServiceCapabilities = {
+    url: service.url,
+    type: getServiceCapabilityType(serviceType),
+    name: service.name,
+    title: typeof metadata.name === 'string' ? metadata.name : undefined,
+    abstract: typeof metadata.description === 'string' ? metadata.description : undefined,
+    crs,
+    formats,
+    layers,
+    operations: getServiceOperations(metadata),
+    formatSpecificMetadata: metadata
+  };
+  return {
+    ...service,
+    id: service.url,
+    kind,
+    capabilities,
+    metadata
+  };
+}
+
+/** Extracts normalized layer entries from SceneServer and other service metadata. */
+function getServiceLayers(metadata: Record<string, unknown>): ServiceCapabilities['layers'] {
+  const layerValues = Array.isArray(metadata.layers) ? metadata.layers : [];
+  return layerValues.flatMap(value => {
+    if (!value || typeof value !== 'object') return [];
+    const layer = value as Record<string, unknown>;
+    const spatialReference = layer.spatialReference as
+      | {wkid?: number; latestWkid?: number}
+      | undefined;
+    const wkid = spatialReference?.latestWkid || spatialReference?.wkid;
+    const extent = layer.extent as
+      | {xmin?: number; ymin?: number; xmax?: number; ymax?: number}
+      | undefined;
+    const bounds =
+      extent && [extent.xmin, extent.ymin, extent.xmax, extent.ymax].every(Number.isFinite)
+        ? [extent.xmin!, extent.ymin!, extent.xmax!, extent.ymax!]
+        : undefined;
+    return [
+      {
+        name: layer.id === undefined ? String(layer.name || '') : String(layer.id),
+        id: layer.id === undefined ? undefined : String(layer.id),
+        url: typeof layer.url === 'string' ? layer.url : undefined,
+        title: typeof layer.name === 'string' ? layer.name : undefined,
+        crs: wkid ? [`EPSG:${wkid}`] : undefined,
+        bounds,
+        profile:
+          typeof layer.profile === 'string'
+            ? layer.profile
+            : layer.store &&
+                typeof layer.store === 'object' &&
+                typeof (layer.store as Record<string, unknown>).profile === 'string'
+              ? ((layer.store as Record<string, unknown>).profile as string)
+              : undefined,
+        layerType: typeof layer.layerType === 'string' ? layer.layerType : undefined,
+        version:
+          typeof layer.version === 'string'
+            ? layer.version
+            : layer.store &&
+                typeof layer.store === 'object' &&
+                typeof (layer.store as Record<string, unknown>).version === 'string'
+              ? ((layer.store as Record<string, unknown>).version as string)
+              : undefined
+      }
+    ];
+  });
+}
+
+/** Extracts operation names when a service advertises them. */
+function getServiceOperations(metadata: Record<string, unknown>): string[] {
+  const capabilities = metadata.capabilities;
+  return typeof capabilities === 'string'
+    ? capabilities
+        .split(',')
+        .map(value => value.trim())
+        .filter(Boolean)
+    : [];
+}
+
+/** Maps a discovered ArcGIS family to the shared service capability type. */
+function getServiceCapabilityType(serviceType: string): ServiceCapabilities['type'] {
+  if (serviceType.includes('vectortile') || serviceType.includes('vector-tile')) {
+    return 'arcgis-vector-tile-server';
+  }
+  if (serviceType.includes('feature')) return 'arcgis-feature-server';
+  if (serviceType.includes('image')) return 'arcgis-image-server';
+  if (serviceType.includes('scene')) return 'arcgis-scene-server';
+  if (serviceType.includes('map')) return 'arcgis-map-server';
+  return 'unknown';
+}
+
+/** Maps an ArcGIS service type to the generic source family. */
+function getServiceKind(serviceType: string): ArcGISServiceCapabilities['kind'] {
+  if (serviceType.includes('feature')) return 'vector';
+  if (serviceType.includes('image')) return 'image';
+  if (serviceType.includes('scene')) return 'scene';
+  if (
+    serviceType.includes('map') ||
+    serviceType.includes('vectortile') ||
+    serviceType.includes('vector-tile')
+  )
+    return 'tile';
+  return 'unknown';
+}
+
+/** Extracts and canonicalizes formats advertised by an ArcGIS service. */
+function getServiceFormats(metadata: Record<string, unknown>): string[] {
+  const formats = new Set<string>();
+  const supportedFormats = metadata.supportedQueryFormats;
+  if (typeof supportedFormats === 'string') {
+    for (const format of supportedFormats.split(',')) formats.add(format.trim().toLowerCase());
+  }
+  const imageFormats = metadata.supportedImageFormatTypes;
+  if (typeof imageFormats === 'string') {
+    for (const format of imageFormats.split(',')) formats.add(format.trim().toLowerCase());
+  }
+  const tileInfo = metadata.tileInfo as {format?: string} | undefined;
+  if (typeof tileInfo?.format === 'string') formats.add(tileInfo.format.toLowerCase());
+  return [...formats].sort();
+}
+
+/** Extracts unique EPSG identifiers from common ArcGIS metadata locations. */
+function getServiceCrs(metadata: Record<string, unknown>): string[] {
+  const spatialReferences = new Set<string>();
+  for (const value of [metadata.spatialReference, (metadata.fullExtent as any)?.spatialReference]) {
+    const spatialReference = value as {wkid?: number; latestWkid?: number} | undefined;
+    for (const wkid of [spatialReference?.wkid, spatialReference?.latestWkid]) {
+      if (wkid) spatialReferences.add(`EPSG:${wkid}`);
+    }
+  }
+  return [...spatialReferences].sort();
+}