@lernapps/app-templates 0.0.1 → 0.1.0

package/runtime/explainer/exercises.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,324 @@
+// The exercises of an explainer page at build time: a block of one of the question types, rendered through
+// the per-question exports of the shared runtime (shared/questions) (its controls, and a <details> "Lösung" with the right answer, the
+// background of every option, the explanation and the links); and a generated exercise: its templates rendered once
+// per language (restricted Markdown, formulas as MathML, the placeholders as tokens), the place of the live task, and
+// three worked tasks, the task numbers 1 to 3 (taskSeeds), each with its task number and a <details> "Lösung" (with JavaScript they show
+// once the live task is solved). Each exercise carries the data its live part
+// needs in the browser (explainer.ts): the question, or the exercise with its templates and data files.
+import { questionIn, type Question } from "../shared/questions/question.ts";
+import { renderMaterial, type MaterialContext } from "../shared/blocks/index.ts";
+import { answerText, questionMessagesIn, renderQuestion, renderSolution } from "../shared/questions/render.ts";
+import { inLanguage, type Text } from "../shared/languages.ts";
+import type { DataRecord, Exercise, OpenTask, QuestionBlock } from "./content.ts";
+import { hintOf, stepsOf, taskText, tokenize } from "./generated/texts.ts";
+import { generate } from "./generated/values.ts";
+import { questionFor, taskKey } from "./generated/question.ts";
+import { WORKED_TASKS } from "./tasks.ts";
+import { type Data, type Generated, type LanguageTemplates, type Templates } from "./generated/types.ts";
+import { plain, renderInline, renderMarkdown, renderWithFormulas } from "../shared/text/markdown.ts";
+import { distinctSeeds } from "./tasks.ts";
+import { message } from "./messages.ts";
+
+/** What the browser reads from an exercise (script.explainer-exercise-data). */
+export type ExerciseData =
+  | {
+      kind: "question";
+      lang: string;
+      question: Question;
+      /** The texts of the question that hold a formula, as HTML (the feedback quotes them); the others are plain. */
+      rendered: Record<string, string>;
+    }
+  | {
+      kind: "generated";
+      lang: string;
+      spec: Generated;
+      templates: Templates;
+      data: Data;
+      /** The seed of each task number, from 1 (taskSeeds). */
+      seeds: number[];
+      texts: { newTask: string; practice: string; hint: string; solution: string; taskNumber: string };
+    }
+  | OpenTaskData;
+
+/** What the browser reads from an open task: its texts as HTML, its points, how the learner may answer. */
+export interface OpenTaskData {
+  kind: "open";
+  lang: string;
+  id: string;
+  /** The task as HTML. */
+  task: string;
+  answer: readonly ("text" | "photo")[];
+  /** Each point as plain text, its kind, and the address of its source on this page's tree. */
+  points: { text: string; kind: "content" | "form"; href?: string }[];
+  /** The model answer as HTML. */
+  solution: string;
+  /** The hint as HTML. */
+  hint?: string;
+}
+
+/** The templates of a generated exercise in each of `languages`; links inside them through `resolve`. */
+export function templatesOf(
+  spec: Generated,
+  languages: readonly string[],
+  resolve: (href: string) => string = (href) => href,
+): Templates {
+  const templates: Record<string, LanguageTemplates> = {};
+  for (const lang of languages) {
+    const inline = (text: Text) => renderInline(tokenize(inLanguage(text, lang)), resolve);
+    templates[lang] = {
+      task: inline(spec.task.text),
+      steps: (spec.steps ?? []).map(inline),
+      hint: spec.hint === undefined ? undefined : inline(spec.hint),
+      messages: (spec.mistakes ?? []).map((mistake) => tokenize(inLanguage(mistake.message, lang))),
+    };
+  }
+  return templates;
+}
+
+/** The data files a generated exercise draws from, by name. */
+export function dataOf(spec: Generated, all: Readonly<Record<string, readonly DataRecord[]>>): Data {
+  const names = Object.values(spec.given).flatMap((arbitrary) =>
+    arbitrary.from !== undefined && !Array.isArray(arbitrary.from) ? [(arbitrary.from as { data: string }).data] : [],
+  );
+  return Object.fromEntries(names.filter((name) => all[name] !== undefined).map((name) => [name, all[name] ?? []]));
+}
+
+const seedCache = new WeakMap<Generated, number[]>();
+
+/**
+ * The seed of each task number of a generated exercise, from 1: the seeds of its distinct tasks (what the learner sees
+ * of a task, in German), up to MAX_TASKS (tasks.ts); once per exercise.
+ */
+export function taskSeeds(spec: Generated, data: Data): number[] {
+  let seeds = seedCache.get(spec);
+  if (seeds === undefined) {
+    const templates = templatesOf(spec, ["de"]);
+    seeds = distinctSeeds((seed) => {
+      try {
+        return taskKey(spec, generate(spec, seed, data), "de", templates);
+      } catch {
+        return undefined;
+      }
+    });
+    seedCache.set(spec, seeds);
+  }
+  return seeds;
+}
+
+/** One worked task of a generated exercise: what the page shows without JavaScript, and what the tests expect. */
+export interface Worked {
+  /** Its task number. */
+  number: number;
+  seed: number;
+  /** The task as HTML. */
+  task: string;
+  question: Question;
+  hint?: string;
+  steps: string[];
+  /** The right answer as the solution states it. */
+  answer: string;
+}
+
+/** The worked tasks of a generated exercise in `lang`. */
+export function workedTasks(spec: Generated, data: Data, templates: Templates, lang: string): Worked[] {
+  return taskSeeds(spec, data)
+    .slice(0, WORKED_TASKS)
+    .map((seed, index) => {
+      const task = generate(spec, seed, data);
+      const question = questionFor(spec, task, lang, templates);
+      const hint = hintOf(spec, task, lang, templates);
+      return {
+        number: index + 1,
+        seed,
+        task: taskText(spec, task, lang, templates),
+        question,
+        steps: stepsOf(spec, task, lang, templates),
+        answer: answerText(question, lang),
+        ...(hint === undefined ? {} : { hint }),
+      };
+    });
+}
+
+const json = (value: unknown) => JSON.stringify(value).replace(/</g, "\\u003c");
+
+/** The texts of a question that hold a formula, $…$. */
+function formulaTexts(value: unknown): string[] {
+  if (typeof value === "string") return value.includes("$") && /\$[^$\n]+\$/.test(value) ? [value] : [];
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.flatMap(formulaTexts);
+  if (typeof value === "object" && value !== null) return Object.values(value).flatMap(formulaTexts);
+  return [];
+}
+
+/** What the browser reads from a question of the question types in `lang`: the question, its formulas as HTML. */
+function questionData(block: QuestionBlock, lang: string): Extract<ExerciseData, { kind: "question" }> {
+  const question = questionIn(block, lang);
+  const rendered: Record<string, string> = {};
+  for (const text of formulaTexts(question)) rendered[text] = renderWithFormulas(text);
+  return { kind: "question", lang, question, rendered };
+}
+
+function questionExercise(block: QuestionBlock, lang: string, material: MaterialContext): string {
+  const data = questionData(block, lang);
+  const { question } = data;
+  return [
+    `<div class="explainer-exercise explainer-question" id="${block.id}">`,
+    `<p class="explainer-exercise-label">${plain(message(lang, "exerciseLabel"))}</p>`,
+    renderQuestion(question, {
+      lang,
+      format: renderWithFormulas,
+      ...(question.material === undefined ? {} : { materialHtml: renderMaterial(question.material, material) }),
+    }),
+    `<details class="explainer-solution"><summary>${plain(questionMessagesIn(lang).solution)}</summary>`,
+    renderSolution(question, { lang, format: renderWithFormulas }),
+    `</details>`,
+    `<script type="application/json" class="explainer-exercise-data">${json(data)}</script>`,
+    `</div>`,
+  ].join("\n");
+}
+
+/** What the browser reads from a generated exercise in `lang`: the exercise, its templates, data files and seeds. */
+function generatedData(
+  spec: Generated,
+  lang: string,
+  all: Readonly<Record<string, readonly DataRecord[]>>,
+  resolve: (href: string) => string,
+): Extract<ExerciseData, { kind: "generated" }> {
+  const data = dataOf(spec, all);
+  // the examples are test cases for the build: not shipped
+  const { examples: _examples, ...shipped } = spec;
+  return {
+    kind: "generated",
+    lang,
+    spec: shipped,
+    templates: templatesOf(spec, [lang], resolve),
+    data,
+    seeds: taskSeeds(spec, data),
+    texts: {
+      newTask: message(lang, "newTask"),
+      practice: spec.practice === undefined ? message(lang, "practice") : inLanguage(spec.practice, lang),
+      hint: message(lang, "hint"),
+      solution: questionMessagesIn(lang).solution,
+      // with {n} kept for the client module
+      taskNumber: message(lang, "taskNumber"),
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+/** What the browser reads from an open task in `lang`; links and sources through `resolve`. */
+export function openTaskData(block: OpenTask, lang: string, resolve: (href: string) => string): OpenTaskData {
+  return {
+    kind: "open",
+    lang,
+    id: block.id,
+    task: renderMarkdown(inLanguage(block.task, lang), resolve),
+    answer: block.answer ?? ["text", "photo"],
+    points: block.points.map((point) => ({
+      text: inLanguage(point.text, lang),
+      kind: point.kind ?? "content",
+      ...(point.source === undefined ? {} : { href: resolve(point.source) }),
+    })),
+    solution: renderMarkdown(inLanguage(block.solution, lang), resolve),
+    ...(block.hint === undefined ? {} : { hint: renderMarkdown(inLanguage(block.hint, lang), resolve) }),
+  };
+}
+
+/** What the browser reads from an exercise in `lang` (script.explainer-exercise-data). */
+export function exerciseData(
+  block: Exercise,
+  lang: string,
+  all: Readonly<Record<string, readonly DataRecord[]>>,
+  resolve: (href: string) => string,
+): ExerciseData {
+  if (block.type === "generated") return generatedData(block, lang, all, resolve);
+  if (block.type === "open-task") return openTaskData(block, lang, resolve);
+  return questionData(block, lang);
+}
+
+/**
+ * An open task in `lang`: the task, the points of a good answer with a link to each one's source, and the model answer
+ * under "Lösung", which is all the page shows without JavaScript; with JavaScript the learner answers first (explainer.ts).
+ */
+function openTaskExercise(block: OpenTask, lang: string, resolve: (href: string) => string, storage: string): string {
+  const data = openTaskData(block, lang, resolve);
+  const points = data.points.map((point) => {
+    const where =
+      point.href === undefined
+        ? ` <span class="explainer-open-kind">(${plain(message(lang, "openTaskForm"))})</span>`
+        : ` <a class="explainer-open-source" href="${plain(point.href)}">${plain(message(lang, "openTaskSource"))}</a>`;
+    return `<li>${plain(point.text)}${where}</li>`;
+  });
+  return [
+    `<div class="explainer-exercise explainer-open-task" id="${block.id}" data-storage="${plain(storage)}">`,
+    `<p class="explainer-exercise-label">${plain(message(lang, "openTaskLabel"))}</p>`,
+    `<div class="explainer-open-task-text">${data.task}</div>`,
+    data.hint === undefined
+      ? ""
+      : `<details class="explainer-hint"><summary>${plain(message(lang, "hint"))}</summary>${data.hint}</details>`,
+    `<div class="explainer-open-live" hidden></div>`,
+    `<div class="explainer-open-points">`,
+    `<p class="explainer-open-points-intro">${plain(message(lang, "openTaskPoints"))}</p>`,
+    `<ul>${points.join("")}</ul>`,
+    `</div>`,
+    `<details class="explainer-solution"><summary>${plain(questionMessagesIn(lang).solution)}</summary>`,
+    `<div class="explainer-open-solution">${data.solution}</div>`,
+    `</details>`,
+    `<script type="application/json" class="explainer-exercise-data">${json(data)}</script>`,
+    `</div>`,
+  ]
+    .filter((part) => part !== "")
+    .join("\n");
+}
+
+function generatedExercise(
+  spec: Generated,
+  lang: string,
+  all: Readonly<Record<string, readonly DataRecord[]>>,
+  resolve: (href: string) => string,
+): string {
+  const templates = templatesOf(spec, [lang], resolve);
+  const data = dataOf(spec, all);
+  const solution = questionMessagesIn(lang).solution;
+  const worked = workedTasks(spec, data, templates, lang).map((item) =>
+    [
+      `<li class="explainer-worked-task">`,
+      `<p class="explainer-task-number">${plain(message(lang, "taskNumber", { n: String(item.number) }))}</p>`,
+      `<p class="explainer-task">${item.task}</p>`,
+      item.hint === undefined
+        ? ""
+        : `<details class="explainer-hint"><summary>${plain(message(lang, "hint"))}</summary><p>${item.hint}</p></details>`,
+      `<details class="explainer-solution"><summary>${plain(solution)}</summary>`,
+      item.steps.length === 0
+        ? ""
+        : `<ol class="explainer-steps">${item.steps.map((step) => `<li>${step}</li>`).join("")}</ol>`,
+      `<p><strong>${plain(questionMessagesIn(lang).rightAnswer)}</strong> ${item.answer}</p>`,
+      `</details>`,
+      `</li>`,
+    ]
+      .filter((part) => part !== "")
+      .join(""),
+  );
+  const exerciseData = generatedData(spec, lang, all, resolve);
+  return [
+    `<div class="explainer-exercise explainer-generated" id="${spec.id}">`,
+    `<p class="explainer-exercise-label">${plain(message(lang, "exerciseLabel"))}</p>`,
+    `<div class="explainer-live" hidden></div>`,
+    `<p class="explainer-worked-intro">${plain(message(lang, "workedTasks"))}</p>`,
+    `<ol class="explainer-worked">${worked.join("\n")}</ol>`,
+    `<script type="application/json" class="explainer-exercise-data">${json(exerciseData)}</script>`,
+    `</div>`,
+  ].join("\n");
+}
+
+/** An exercise of a page in `lang`; an open task keeps its answer while the tab is open under the app's `storage`. */
+export function renderExercise(
+  block: Exercise,
+  lang: string,
+  data: Readonly<Record<string, readonly DataRecord[]>>,
+  resolve: (href: string) => string,
+  material: MaterialContext,
+  storage = "explainer",
+): string {
+  if (block.type === "generated") return generatedExercise(block, lang, data, resolve);
+  if (block.type === "open-task") return openTaskExercise(block, lang, resolve, storage);
+  return questionExercise(block, lang, material);
+}