@layerzerolabs/protocol-stellar-v2 0.2.8 → 0.2.10

package/contracts/utils/src/tests/buffer_writer.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,39 @@ use soroban_sdk::{address_payload::AddressPayload, testutils::Address as _, Addr
 
 use crate::buffer_reader::BufferReader;
 use crate::buffer_writer::BufferWriter;
+use crate::bytes_ext::BytesExt;
+
+use crate::tests::test_helper::assert_address_payload_matches;
+
+/// Helper to test U256 write/read roundtrip
+fn test_u256_roundtrip(env: &Env, value: &soroban_sdk::U256) {
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(env);
+    writer.write_u256(value.clone());
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 32);
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u256(), *value);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+/// Helper to test address write/read roundtrip
+fn test_address_write_roundtrip(env: &Env, address: &Address) {
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(env);
+    writer.write_address(address);
+
+    // Address is 33 bytes (1 type + 32 payload)
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 33);
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), *address);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// constructor tests (new, from_bytes)
+// ============================================
 
 #[test]
 fn test_new_buffer_writer() {
@@ -13,105 +46,204 @@ fn test_new_buffer_writer() {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_u8() {
+fn test_from_bytes() {
     let env = Env::default();
-    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    let initial = Bytes::from_array(&env, &[0x01, 0x02]);
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::from_bytes(initial);
 
-    writer.write_u8(0x42);
+    writer.write_u8(0x03).write_u16(0x0405);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 1);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x42);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 5);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x01);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(1).unwrap(), 0x02);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(2).unwrap(), 0x03);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(3).unwrap(), 0x04);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(4).unwrap(), 0x05);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_u16() {
+fn test_from_bytes_with_large_buffer() {
     let env = Env::default();
-    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    let initial_data: [u8; 100] = core::array::from_fn(|i| i as u8);
+    let initial = Bytes::from_array(&env, &initial_data);
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::from_bytes(initial);
 
-    writer.write_u16(0x1234);
+    writer.write_u32(0xDEADBEEF);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 2);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x12);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(1).unwrap(), 0x34);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 104);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(99).unwrap(), 99);
+    // Verify appended data
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    reader.skip(100);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0xDEADBEEF);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_u32() {
+fn test_from_bytes_empty() {
     let env = Env::default();
-    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    let empty = Bytes::new(&env);
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::from_bytes(empty);
 
-    writer.write_u32(0x12345678);
+    writer.write_u8(0x42);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 4);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x12);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(1).unwrap(), 0x34);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(2).unwrap(), 0x56);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(3).unwrap(), 0x78);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x42);
 }
 
+// ============================================
+// write_primitives tests (u8, u16, u32, u64, u128, u256, bool)
+// ============================================
+
 #[test]
-fn test_write_u64() {
+fn test_write_primitives_big_endian_golden_bytes() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
-
-    writer.write_u64(0x0102030405060708);
+    writer
+        .write_u8(0x12)
+        .write_u16(0x3456)
+        .write_u32(0x789ABCDE)
+        .write_u64(0x0102030405060708)
+        .write_u128(0x0102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f10);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 8);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x01);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(7).unwrap(), 0x08);
+    let got: [u8; 31] = bytes.to_array();
+
+    let expected: [u8; 31] = [
+        0x12, // u8
+        0x34, 0x56, // u16
+        0x78, 0x9A, 0xBC, 0xDE, // u32
+        0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, // u64
+        0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0x10, // u128
+    ];
+    assert_eq!(got, expected);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_u128() {
+fn test_write_primitives_roundtrip() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    writer.write_u128(200000u128);
+    writer
+        .write_u8(0x12)
+        .write_u16(0x3456)
+        .write_u32(0x789ABCDE)
+        .write_u64(0x0102030405060708)
+        .write_u128(0x10111213141516171819_1a1b1c1d1e1f);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 16);
+    // 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 = 31
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 31);
+
+    // Verify with reader
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x12);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), 0x3456);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0x789ABCDE);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0x0102030405060708);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u128(), 0x10111213141516171819_1a1b1c1d1e1f);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_u256() {
+fn test_write_boundary_values() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    let value = U256::from_u32(&env, 0x12345678);
-    writer.write_u256(value);
+    writer
+        .write_u8(0)
+        .write_u8(u8::MAX)
+        .write_u16(0)
+        .write_u16(u16::MAX)
+        .write_u32(0)
+        .write_u32(u32::MAX)
+        .write_u64(0)
+        .write_u64(u64::MAX)
+        .write_u128(0)
+        .write_u128(u128::MAX);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 32);
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), u8::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), u16::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), u32::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), u64::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u128(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u128(), u128::MAX);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_bool_true() {
+fn test_write_bool() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    writer.write_bool(true);
+    writer.write_bool(true).write_bool(false).write_bool(true);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 1);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 3);
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert!(reader.read_bool());
+    assert!(!reader.read_bool());
+    assert!(reader.read_bool());
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_bool_false() {
+fn test_write_u256_boundary_values() {
+    use soroban_sdk::U256;
+    let env = Env::default();
+
+    // Zero
+    let zero = U256::from_u32(&env, 0);
+    test_u256_roundtrip(&env, &zero);
+
+    // From u128::MAX
+    let from_u128_max = U256::from_u128(&env, u128::MAX);
+    test_u256_roundtrip(&env, &from_u128_max);
+
+    // Max (all 0xFF bytes)
+    let max_bytes = Bytes::from_array(&env, &[0xFF; 32]);
+    let max_u256 = U256::from_be_bytes(&env, &max_bytes);
+    test_u256_roundtrip(&env, &max_u256);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_mixed_sizes_no_alignment_issues() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    writer.write_bool(false);
+    // Test that byte-packed writes work correctly regardless of "alignment"
+    // (Soroban Bytes has no alignment requirements, but this documents the behavior)
+    writer
+        .write_u8(0x01)
+        .write_u64(0x0203040506070809)
+        .write_u8(0x0A)
+        .write_u128(0x0B0C0D0E0F101112131415161718191A)
+        .write_u8(0x1B);
+
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 1 + 8 + 1 + 16 + 1); // 27 bytes
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 1);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0);
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x01);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0x0203040506070809);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x0A);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u128(), 0x0B0C0D0E0F101112131415161718191A);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x1B);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
 }
 
+// ============================================
+// write_bytes tests (write_bytes, write_bytes_n)
+// ============================================
+
 #[test]
 fn test_write_bytes() {
     let env = Env::default();
@@ -127,204 +259,260 @@ fn test_write_bytes() {
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_bytes_n() {
+fn test_write_bytes_empty() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    let data: [u8; 32] = [0x42; 32];
-    let bytes32 = BytesN::<32>::from_array(&env, &data);
-    writer.write_bytes_n(&bytes32);
+    let empty = Bytes::new(&env);
+    writer.write_bytes(&empty);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 32);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x42);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(31).unwrap(), 0x42);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 0);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_bytes_n_different_sizes() {
+fn test_write_bytes_n() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    // Write BytesN<4>
     let bytes4 = BytesN::<4>::from_array(&env, &[0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04]);
-    writer.write_bytes_n(&bytes4);
-
-    // Write BytesN<8>
     let bytes8 = BytesN::<8>::from_array(&env, &[0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c]);
-    writer.write_bytes_n(&bytes8);
+    let bytes32 = BytesN::<32>::from_array(&env, &[0x42; 32]);
+
+    writer.write_bytes_n(&bytes4).write_bytes_n(&bytes8).write_bytes_n(&bytes32);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 12); // 4 + 8
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x01);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(4).unwrap(), 0x05);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 4 + 8 + 32);
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_bytes_n::<4>(), bytes4);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_bytes_n::<8>(), bytes8);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_bytes_n::<32>(), bytes32);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_write_address_contract() {
+fn test_write_bytes_n_array() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    let bytes = writer.write_array(&[0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04]).to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x01);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(3).unwrap(), 0x04);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// write_address tests
+// ============================================
 
-    // Generate a contract address
+#[test]
+fn test_write_address_contract() {
+    let env = Env::default();
     let address = Address::generate(&env);
     let payload = address.to_payload().unwrap();
     assert!(matches!(payload, AddressPayload::ContractIdHash(_)));
-
-    writer.write_address(&address);
-
-    // Address is 33 bytes (1 type + 32 payload)
-    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 33);
+    test_address_write_roundtrip(&env, &address);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_write_address_account() {
     let env = Env::default();
-    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
-
-    // Create an account address
     let account_payload = BytesN::<32>::from_array(&env, &[0x42; 32]);
     let address = Address::from_payload(&env, AddressPayload::AccountIdPublicKeyEd25519(account_payload));
     let payload = address.to_payload().unwrap();
     assert!(matches!(payload, AddressPayload::AccountIdPublicKeyEd25519(_)));
+    test_address_write_roundtrip(&env, &address);
+}
 
-    writer.write_address(&address);
+#[test]
+fn test_write_multiple_addresses() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    let addr1 = Address::generate(&env);
+    let addr2 = Address::generate(&env);
+    let addr3 = Address::generate(&env);
+
+    writer.write_address(&addr1).write_address(&addr2).write_address(&addr3);
 
-    // Address is 33 bytes (1 type + 32 payload)
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 33);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 99); // 33 * 3
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), addr1);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), addr2);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), addr3);
 }
 
+// ============================================
+// write_address_payload tests
+// ============================================
+
 #[test]
-fn test_write_address_roundtrip() {
+fn test_write_address_payload() {
     let env = Env::default();
-    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
-
     let address = Address::generate(&env);
-    writer.write_address(&address);
+    let expected_payload = address.to_payload().unwrap();
 
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    writer.write_address_payload(&address);
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
-    let read_address = reader.read_address();
 
-    // Verify round-trip
-    assert_eq!(read_address, address);
-    assert_eq!(reader.remaining(), 0);
+    // Verify it's exactly 32 bytes (no type byte)
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 32);
+
+    // Verify the payload matches
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    let payload = reader.read_address_payload();
+    assert_address_payload_matches(payload, expected_payload);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_chaining() {
+fn test_write_address_payload_with_other_data() {
     let env = Env::default();
+    let address = Address::generate(&env);
+
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    writer.write_u32(0x12345678).write_address_payload(&address).write_u64(0xAABBCCDDEEFF0011);
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
 
-    writer.write_u8(0x01).write_u16(0x0203).write_u32(0x04050607);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 4 + 32 + 8); // u32 + payload (32) + u64
 
-    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 1 + 2 + 4); // 7 bytes total
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0x12345678);
+    let payload = reader.read_address_payload();
+    assert_address_payload_matches(payload, address.to_payload().unwrap());
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0xAABBCCDDEEFF0011);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
 }
 
+// ============================================
+// chaining tests
+// ============================================
+
 #[test]
-fn test_from_bytes() {
+fn test_chaining_empty_bytes() {
     let env = Env::default();
-    let initial = Bytes::from_array(&env, &[0x01, 0x02]);
-    let mut writer = BufferWriter::from_bytes(initial);
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    writer.write_u8(0x03);
+    let empty = Bytes::new(&env);
+    writer.write_bytes(&empty).write_u8(0x42).write_bytes(&empty);
 
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 3);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x01);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(1).unwrap(), 0x02);
-    assert_eq!(bytes.get(2).unwrap(), 0x03);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 1); // Only the u8
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x42);
 }
 
-// Round-trip tests: write -> read
+// ============================================
+// buffer_access tests (len, is_empty, env)
+// ============================================
+
 #[test]
-fn test_roundtrip_primitives() {
+fn test_len_after_writes() {
     let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    writer
-        .write_u8(0x12)
-        .write_u16(0x3456)
-        .write_u32(0x789ABCDE)
-        .write_u64(0x0102030405060708)
-        .write_bool(true)
-        .write_bool(false);
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 0);
+    assert!(writer.is_empty());
 
-    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
-    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    writer.write_u8(0x01);
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 1);
+    assert!(!writer.is_empty());
 
-    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x12);
-    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), 0x3456);
-    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0x789ABCDE);
-    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0x0102030405060708);
-    assert!(reader.read_bool());
-    assert!(!reader.read_bool());
-    assert_eq!(reader.remaining(), 0);
+    writer.write_u16(0x0203);
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 3);
+
+    writer.write_u32(0x04050607);
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 7);
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_roundtrip_address() {
+fn test_env_from_writer() {
     let env = Env::default();
+    let writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    // Verify we can use the env reference from the writer
+    let _new_bytes = Bytes::from_array(writer.env(), &[0x01, 0x02]);
+}
 
-    // Generate address
-    let original_address = Address::generate(&env);
+// ============================================
+// complex_roundtrip tests
+// ============================================
 
-    // Write
+#[test]
+fn test_complex_message_roundtrip() {
+    let env = Env::default();
     let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
-    writer.write_address(&original_address);
+
+    // Simulate a complex message structure
+    let version: u8 = 1;
+    let msg_type: u16 = 0x0102;
+    let sender = Address::generate(&env);
+    let nonce: u64 = 12345678;
+    let amount = U256::from_u128(&env, 1000000000000000000u128);
+    let payload = Bytes::from_array(&env, &[0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF]);
+
+    writer
+        .write_u8(version)
+        .write_u16(msg_type)
+        .write_address(&sender)
+        .write_u64(nonce)
+        .write_u256(amount.clone())
+        .write_bytes(&payload);
+
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
 
-    // Read
+    // Read back and verify
     let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
-    let read_address = reader.read_address();
-
-    // Verify round-trip
-    assert_eq!(read_address, original_address);
-    assert_eq!(reader.remaining(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), version);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), msg_type);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), sender);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), nonce);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u256(), amount);
+
+    let read_payload = reader.read_bytes(4);
+    assert_eq!(read_payload.len(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(read_payload.get(0).unwrap(), 0xDE);
+    assert_eq!(read_payload.get(3).unwrap(), 0xEF);
 }
 
+// ============================================
+// stress_and_edge_case tests
+// ============================================
+
 #[test]
-fn test_roundtrip_bytes_n() {
+fn test_write_large_buffer() {
     let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    let original: [u8; 32] = [
-        0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f, 0x10, 0x11, 0x12,
-        0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x1e, 0x1f, 0x20,
-    ];
-    let original_bytes32 = BytesN::<32>::from_array(&env, &original);
+    // Write many items to test buffer growth
+    for i in 0..1000u32 {
+        writer.write_u32(i);
+    }
 
-    // Write
-    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
-    writer.write_bytes_n(&original_bytes32);
-    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 4000);
 
-    // Read
+    // Verify via reader
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
     let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
-    let read_bytes32 = reader.read_bytes_n::<32>();
-
-    // Verify round-trip
-    assert_eq!(read_bytes32, original_bytes32);
-    assert_eq!(reader.remaining(), 0);
+    for i in 0..1000u32 {
+        assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), i);
+    }
 }
 
 #[test]
-fn test_roundtrip_u256() {
+fn test_write_repeated_values() {
     let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
 
-    let original = U256::from_u32(&env, 0x12345678);
+    for _ in 0..100 {
+        writer.write_u8(0xFF);
+    }
 
-    // Write
-    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
-    writer.write_u256(original.clone());
     let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 100);
 
-    // Read
-    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
-    let read_value = reader.read_u256();
-
-    // Verify round-trip
-    assert_eq!(read_value, original);
-    assert_eq!(reader.remaining(), 0);
+    for i in 0..100 {
+        assert_eq!(bytes.get(i).unwrap(), 0xFF);
+    }
 }