@layerzerolabs/common-utils-stellar-contracts 0.2.122

package/src/tests/buffer_writer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,689 @@
+use crate::{
+    buffer_reader::BufferReader, buffer_writer::BufferWriter, bytes_ext::BytesExt,
+    tests::test_helper::assert_address_payload_matches,
+};
+use soroban_sdk::{address_payload::AddressPayload, testutils::Address as _, Address, Bytes, BytesN, Env, I256, U256};
+
+/// Helper to test U256 write/read roundtrip
+fn test_u256_roundtrip(env: &Env, value: &soroban_sdk::U256) {
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(env);
+    writer.write_u256(value.clone());
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 32);
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u256(), *value);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+/// Helper to test address write/read roundtrip
+fn test_address_write_roundtrip(env: &Env, address: &Address) {
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(env);
+    writer.write_address(address);
+
+    // Address is 33 bytes (1 type + 32 payload)
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 33);
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), *address);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// constructor tests (new, from_bytes)
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_new_buffer_writer() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 0);
+    assert!(writer.is_empty());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_from_bytes() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let initial = Bytes::from_array(&env, &[0x01, 0x02]);
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::from_bytes(initial);
+
+    writer.write_u8(0x03).write_u16(0x0405);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 5);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x01);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(1).unwrap(), 0x02);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(2).unwrap(), 0x03);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(3).unwrap(), 0x04);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(4).unwrap(), 0x05);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_from_bytes_with_large_buffer() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let initial_data: [u8; 100] = core::array::from_fn(|i| i as u8);
+    let initial = Bytes::from_array(&env, &initial_data);
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::from_bytes(initial);
+
+    writer.write_u32(0xDEADBEEF);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 104);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(99).unwrap(), 99);
+    // Verify appended data
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    reader.skip(100);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0xDEADBEEF);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_from_bytes_empty() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let empty = Bytes::new(&env);
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::from_bytes(empty);
+
+    writer.write_u8(0x42);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 1);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x42);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// write_primitives tests (u8, u16, u32, u64, u128, i128, u256, bool)
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_primitives_big_endian_golden_bytes() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    writer
+        .write_u8(0x12)
+        .write_u16(0x3456)
+        .write_u32(0x789ABCDE)
+        .write_u64(0x0102030405060708)
+        .write_u128(0x0102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f10);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    let got: [u8; 31] = bytes.to_array();
+
+    let expected: [u8; 31] = [
+        0x12, // u8
+        0x34, 0x56, // u16
+        0x78, 0x9A, 0xBC, 0xDE, // u32
+        0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, // u64
+        0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0x10, // u128
+    ];
+    assert_eq!(got, expected);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_signed_integers_big_endian_golden_bytes() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    writer
+        .write_i8(-1)
+        .write_i8(i8::MIN)
+        .write_i8(i8::MAX)
+        .write_i16(-1)
+        .write_i16(i16::MIN)
+        .write_i16(i16::MAX)
+        .write_i32(-1)
+        .write_i32(i32::MIN)
+        .write_i32(i32::MAX)
+        .write_i64(-1)
+        .write_i64(i64::MIN)
+        .write_i64(i64::MAX)
+        .write_i128(-1)
+        .write_i128(i128::MIN)
+        .write_i128(i128::MAX);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 93);
+    let got: [u8; 93] = bytes.to_array();
+
+    // Layout:
+    // - i8:  -1, MIN, MAX                         (3 bytes)
+    // - i16: -1, MIN, MAX                         (6 bytes)
+    // - i32: -1, MIN, MAX                         (12 bytes)
+    // - i64: -1, MIN, MAX                         (24 bytes)
+    // - i128: -1, MIN, MAX                        (48 bytes)
+    // Total = 93 bytes
+    let mut expected = [0u8; 93];
+    let mut pos = 0usize;
+
+    expected[pos] = (-1i8) as u8;
+    pos += 1;
+    expected[pos] = i8::MIN as u8;
+    pos += 1;
+    expected[pos] = i8::MAX as u8;
+    pos += 1;
+
+    expected[pos..pos + 2].copy_from_slice(&(-1i16).to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 2;
+    expected[pos..pos + 2].copy_from_slice(&i16::MIN.to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 2;
+    expected[pos..pos + 2].copy_from_slice(&i16::MAX.to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 2;
+
+    expected[pos..pos + 4].copy_from_slice(&(-1i32).to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 4;
+    expected[pos..pos + 4].copy_from_slice(&i32::MIN.to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 4;
+    expected[pos..pos + 4].copy_from_slice(&i32::MAX.to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 4;
+
+    expected[pos..pos + 8].copy_from_slice(&(-1i64).to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 8;
+    expected[pos..pos + 8].copy_from_slice(&i64::MIN.to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 8;
+    expected[pos..pos + 8].copy_from_slice(&i64::MAX.to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 8;
+
+    expected[pos..pos + 16].copy_from_slice(&(-1i128).to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 16;
+    expected[pos..pos + 16].copy_from_slice(&i128::MIN.to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 16;
+    expected[pos..pos + 16].copy_from_slice(&i128::MAX.to_be_bytes());
+    pos += 16;
+
+    assert_eq!(pos, expected.len());
+    assert_eq!(got, expected);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_signed_integers_roundtrip() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    writer
+        .write_i8(0)
+        .write_i8(-1)
+        .write_i8(i8::MIN)
+        .write_i8(i8::MAX)
+        .write_i16(0)
+        .write_i16(-42)
+        .write_i16(i16::MIN)
+        .write_i16(i16::MAX)
+        .write_i32(0)
+        .write_i32(-42)
+        .write_i32(i32::MIN)
+        .write_i32(i32::MAX)
+        .write_i64(0)
+        .write_i64(-42)
+        .write_i64(i64::MIN)
+        .write_i64(i64::MAX)
+        .write_i128(0)
+        .write_i128(-42)
+        .write_i128(123_456_789)
+        .write_i128(i128::MIN)
+        .write_i128(i128::MAX);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i8(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i8(), -1);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i8(), i8::MIN);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i8(), i8::MAX);
+
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i16(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i16(), -42);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i16(), i16::MIN);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i16(), i16::MAX);
+
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i32(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i32(), -42);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i32(), i32::MIN);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i32(), i32::MAX);
+
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i64(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i64(), -42);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i64(), i64::MIN);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i64(), i64::MAX);
+
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i128(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i128(), -42);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i128(), 123_456_789);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i128(), i128::MIN);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i128(), i128::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_i256_big_endian_golden_bytes_and_roundtrip() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+
+    // Golden layouts: -1, MIN, MAX, +1
+    let mut raw = [0u8; 32 * 4];
+    raw[0..32].copy_from_slice(&[0xFF; 32]); // -1
+    raw[32] = 0x80; // MIN (0x80 followed by 31x 0x00)
+    raw[64] = 0x7F; // MAX (0x7F followed by 31x 0xFF)
+    raw[65..96].copy_from_slice(&[0xFF; 31]);
+    raw[127] = 0x01; // +1
+
+    let expected_neg1 = I256::from_be_bytes(&env, &Bytes::from_slice(&env, &raw[0..32]));
+    let expected_min = I256::from_be_bytes(&env, &Bytes::from_slice(&env, &raw[32..64]));
+    let expected_max = I256::from_be_bytes(&env, &Bytes::from_slice(&env, &raw[64..96]));
+    let expected_one = I256::from_be_bytes(&env, &Bytes::from_slice(&env, &raw[96..128]));
+
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    writer.write_i256(expected_neg1).write_i256(expected_min).write_i256(expected_max).write_i256(expected_one);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 128);
+    let got: [u8; 128] = bytes.to_array();
+    assert_eq!(got, raw);
+
+    // Roundtrip through BufferReader.
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    let roundtrip_neg1 = I256::from_be_bytes(&env, &Bytes::from_slice(&env, &raw[0..32]));
+    let roundtrip_min = I256::from_be_bytes(&env, &Bytes::from_slice(&env, &raw[32..64]));
+    let roundtrip_max = I256::from_be_bytes(&env, &Bytes::from_slice(&env, &raw[64..96]));
+    let roundtrip_one = I256::from_be_bytes(&env, &Bytes::from_slice(&env, &raw[96..128]));
+
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i256(), roundtrip_neg1);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i256(), roundtrip_min);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i256(), roundtrip_max);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_i256(), roundtrip_one);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_primitives_roundtrip() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    writer
+        .write_u8(0x12)
+        .write_u16(0x3456)
+        .write_u32(0x789ABCDE)
+        .write_u64(0x0102030405060708)
+        .write_u128(0x10111213141516171819_1a1b1c1d1e1f);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    // 1 + 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 = 31
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 31);
+
+    // Verify with reader
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x12);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), 0x3456);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0x789ABCDE);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0x0102030405060708);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u128(), 0x10111213141516171819_1a1b1c1d1e1f);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_boundary_values() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    writer
+        .write_u8(0)
+        .write_u8(u8::MAX)
+        .write_u16(0)
+        .write_u16(u16::MAX)
+        .write_u32(0)
+        .write_u32(u32::MAX)
+        .write_u64(0)
+        .write_u64(u64::MAX)
+        .write_u128(0)
+        .write_u128(u128::MAX);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), u8::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), u16::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), u32::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), u64::MAX);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u128(), 0);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u128(), u128::MAX);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_bool() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    writer.write_bool(true).write_bool(false).write_bool(true);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 3);
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert!(reader.read_bool());
+    assert!(!reader.read_bool());
+    assert!(reader.read_bool());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_u256_boundary_values() {
+    use soroban_sdk::U256;
+    let env = Env::default();
+
+    // Zero
+    let zero = U256::from_u32(&env, 0);
+    test_u256_roundtrip(&env, &zero);
+
+    // From u128::MAX
+    let from_u128_max = U256::from_u128(&env, u128::MAX);
+    test_u256_roundtrip(&env, &from_u128_max);
+
+    // Max (all 0xFF bytes)
+    let max_bytes = Bytes::from_array(&env, &[0xFF; 32]);
+    let max_u256 = U256::from_be_bytes(&env, &max_bytes);
+    test_u256_roundtrip(&env, &max_u256);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_mixed_sizes_no_alignment_issues() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    // Test that byte-packed writes work correctly regardless of "alignment"
+    // (Soroban Bytes has no alignment requirements, but this documents the behavior)
+    writer
+        .write_u8(0x01)
+        .write_u64(0x0203040506070809)
+        .write_u8(0x0A)
+        .write_u128(0x0B0C0D0E0F101112131415161718191A)
+        .write_u8(0x1B);
+
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 1 + 8 + 1 + 16 + 1); // 27 bytes
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x01);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0x0203040506070809);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x0A);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u128(), 0x0B0C0D0E0F101112131415161718191A);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), 0x1B);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// write_bytes tests (write_bytes, write_bytes_n)
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_bytes() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    let data = Bytes::from_array(&env, &[0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04]);
+    writer.write_bytes(&data);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x01);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(3).unwrap(), 0x04);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_bytes_empty() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    let empty = Bytes::new(&env);
+    writer.write_bytes(&empty);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_bytes_n() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    let bytes4 = BytesN::<4>::from_array(&env, &[0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04]);
+    let bytes8 = BytesN::<8>::from_array(&env, &[0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c]);
+    let bytes32 = BytesN::<32>::from_array(&env, &[0x42; 32]);
+
+    writer.write_bytes_n(&bytes4).write_bytes_n(&bytes8).write_bytes_n(&bytes32);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 4 + 8 + 32);
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_bytes_n::<4>(), bytes4);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_bytes_n::<8>(), bytes8);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_bytes_n::<32>(), bytes32);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_bytes_n_array() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    let bytes = writer.write_array(&[0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04]).to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x01);
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(3).unwrap(), 0x04);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// write_address tests
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_address_contract() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let address = Address::generate(&env);
+    let payload = address.to_payload().unwrap();
+    assert!(matches!(payload, AddressPayload::ContractIdHash(_)));
+    test_address_write_roundtrip(&env, &address);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_address_account() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let account_payload = BytesN::<32>::from_array(&env, &[0x42; 32]);
+    let address = Address::from_payload(&env, AddressPayload::AccountIdPublicKeyEd25519(account_payload));
+    let payload = address.to_payload().unwrap();
+    assert!(matches!(payload, AddressPayload::AccountIdPublicKeyEd25519(_)));
+    test_address_write_roundtrip(&env, &address);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_multiple_addresses() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    let addr1 = Address::generate(&env);
+    let addr2 = Address::generate(&env);
+    let addr3 = Address::generate(&env);
+
+    writer.write_address(&addr1).write_address(&addr2).write_address(&addr3);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 99); // 33 * 3
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), addr1);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), addr2);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), addr3);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// write_address_payload tests
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_address_payload() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let address = Address::generate(&env);
+    let expected_payload = address.to_payload().unwrap();
+
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    writer.write_address_payload(&address);
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+
+    // Verify it's exactly 32 bytes (no type byte)
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 32);
+
+    // Verify the payload matches
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    let payload = reader.read_address_payload();
+    assert_address_payload_matches(payload, expected_payload);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_address_payload_with_other_data() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let address = Address::generate(&env);
+
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+    writer.write_u32(0x12345678).write_address_payload(&address).write_u64(0xAABBCCDDEEFF0011);
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 4 + 32 + 8); // u32 + payload (32) + u64
+
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), 0x12345678);
+    let payload = reader.read_address_payload();
+    assert_address_payload_matches(payload, address.to_payload().unwrap());
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), 0xAABBCCDDEEFF0011);
+    assert_eq!(reader.remaining_len(), 0);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// chaining tests
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_chaining_empty_bytes() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    let empty = Bytes::new(&env);
+    writer.write_bytes(&empty).write_u8(0x42).write_bytes(&empty);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 1); // Only the u8
+    assert_eq!(bytes.get(0).unwrap(), 0x42);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// buffer_access tests (len, is_empty, env)
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_len_after_writes() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 0);
+    assert!(writer.is_empty());
+
+    writer.write_u8(0x01);
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 1);
+    assert!(!writer.is_empty());
+
+    writer.write_u16(0x0203);
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 3);
+
+    writer.write_u32(0x04050607);
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 7);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_env_from_writer() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    // Verify we can use the env reference from the writer
+    let _new_bytes = Bytes::from_array(writer.env(), &[0x01, 0x02]);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// complex_roundtrip tests
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_complex_message_roundtrip() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    // Simulate a complex message structure
+    let version: u8 = 1;
+    let msg_type: u16 = 0x0102;
+    let sender = Address::generate(&env);
+    let nonce: u64 = 12345678;
+    let amount = U256::from_u128(&env, 1000000000000000000u128);
+    let payload = Bytes::from_array(&env, &[0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF]);
+
+    writer
+        .write_u8(version)
+        .write_u16(msg_type)
+        .write_address(&sender)
+        .write_u64(nonce)
+        .write_u256(amount.clone())
+        .write_bytes(&payload);
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+
+    // Read back and verify
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u8(), version);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u16(), msg_type);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_address(), sender);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u64(), nonce);
+    assert_eq!(reader.read_u256(), amount);
+
+    let read_payload = reader.read_bytes(4);
+    assert_eq!(read_payload.len(), 4);
+    assert_eq!(read_payload.get(0).unwrap(), 0xDE);
+    assert_eq!(read_payload.get(3).unwrap(), 0xEF);
+}
+
+// ============================================
+// stress_and_edge_case tests
+// ============================================
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_large_buffer() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    // Write many items to test buffer growth
+    for i in 0..1000u32 {
+        writer.write_u32(i);
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(writer.len(), 4000);
+
+    // Verify via reader
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    let mut reader = BufferReader::new(&bytes);
+    for i in 0..1000u32 {
+        assert_eq!(reader.read_u32(), i);
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_write_repeated_values() {
+    let env = Env::default();
+    let mut writer = BufferWriter::new(&env);
+
+    for _ in 0..100 {
+        writer.write_u8(0xFF);
+    }
+
+    let bytes = writer.to_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(bytes.len(), 100);
+
+    for i in 0..100 {
+        assert_eq!(bytes.get(i).unwrap(), 0xFF);
+    }
+}