@langchain/daytona 0.1.1 → 0.2.0-alpha.0

package/README.md

@@ -130,6 +130,18 @@ interface DaytonaSandboxOptions {
    */
   autoStopInterval?: number;
 
+  /**
+   * Auto-archive interval in minutes.
+   * The sandbox archives after being stopped for this duration.
+   */
+  autoArchiveInterval?: number;
+
+  /**
+   * Auto-delete interval in minutes.
+   * The sandbox deletes after being stopped for this duration.
+   */
+  autoDeleteInterval?: number;
+
   /**
    * Default timeout for command execution in seconds.
    * @default 300
@@ -269,6 +281,26 @@ await reconnected.start(); // Restart the sandbox
 const result = await reconnected.execute("ls -la");
 ```
 
+## Auto-Archive and Auto-Delete
+
+Configure post-stop lifecycle behavior directly at creation time:
+
+```typescript
+const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({
+  snapshot: "my-snapshot-name",
+  // Auto-archive after a sandbox has been stopped for 1 hour
+  autoArchiveInterval: 60,
+});
+```
+
+```typescript
+const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({
+  snapshot: "my-snapshot-name",
+  // Auto-delete after a sandbox has been stopped for 1 hour
+  autoDeleteInterval: 60,
+});
+```
+
 ## Sandbox Lifecycle
 
 ```typescript

package/dist/index.cjs

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-Object.defineProperty(exports, Symbol.toStringTag, { value: 'Module' });
+Object.defineProperty(exports, Symbol.toStringTag, { value: "Module" });
 let _daytonaio_sdk = require("@daytonaio/sdk");
 let deepagents = require("deepagents");
-
 //#region src/auth.ts
 /** Default Daytona API URL */
 const DEFAULT_API_URL = "https://app.daytona.io/api";
@@ -82,7 +81,6 @@ function getAuthCredentials(options, target) {
 		target: target ?? process.env.DAYTONA_TARGET
 	};
 }
-
 //#endregion
 //#region src/types.ts
 /**
@@ -148,7 +146,6 @@ var DaytonaSandboxError = class DaytonaSandboxError extends deepagents.SandboxEr
 		return typeof error === "object" && error !== null && error[DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] === true;
 	}
 };
-
 //#endregion
 //#region src/sandbox.ts
 /**
@@ -324,6 +321,8 @@ var DaytonaSandbox = class DaytonaSandbox extends deepagents.BaseSandbox {
 				};
 				if (this.#options.envVars) createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;
 				if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;
+				if (this.#options.autoArchiveInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoArchiveInterval = this.#options.autoArchiveInterval;
+				if (this.#options.autoDeleteInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoDeleteInterval = this.#options.autoDeleteInterval;
 				if (this.#options.labels) createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;
 				if (this.#options.resources) createOptions.resources = this.#options.resources;
 				this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);
@@ -332,6 +331,8 @@ var DaytonaSandbox = class DaytonaSandbox extends deepagents.BaseSandbox {
 				if (this.#options.snapshot) createOptions.snapshot = this.#options.snapshot;
 				if (this.#options.envVars) createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;
 				if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;
+				if (this.#options.autoArchiveInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoArchiveInterval = this.#options.autoArchiveInterval;
+				if (this.#options.autoDeleteInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoDeleteInterval = this.#options.autoDeleteInterval;
 				if (this.#options.labels) createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;
 				this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);
 			}
@@ -762,7 +763,6 @@ function createDaytonaSandboxFactory(options) {
 function createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(sandbox) {
 	return () => sandbox;
 }
-
 //#endregion
 exports.DaytonaSandbox = DaytonaSandbox;
 exports.DaytonaSandboxError = DaytonaSandboxError;
@@ -771,4 +771,5 @@ exports.createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox = createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFrom
 exports.getAuthApiKey = getAuthApiKey;
 exports.getAuthApiUrl = getAuthApiUrl;
 exports.getAuthCredentials = getAuthCredentials;
+
 //# sourceMappingURL=index.cjs.map

package/dist/index.cjs.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"index.cjs","names":["SandboxError","BaseSandbox","#id","#sandbox","#daytona","#options","#timeout","Daytona","#uploadInitialFiles","#mapError","#setFromExisting"],"sources":["../src/auth.ts","../src/types.ts","../src/sandbox.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Authentication utilities for Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * This module provides authentication credential resolution for the Daytona SDK.\n *\n * @packageDocumentation\n */\n\nimport type { DaytonaSandboxOptions } from \"./types.js\";\n\n/**\n * Authentication credentials for Daytona API.\n */\nexport interface DaytonaCredentials {\n  /** Daytona API key */\n  apiKey: string;\n\n  /** Daytona API URL */\n  apiUrl: string;\n\n  /** Target region */\n  target?: string;\n}\n\n/** Default Daytona API URL */\nconst DEFAULT_API_URL = \"https://app.daytona.io/api\";\n\n/**\n * Get the API key for Daytona API.\n *\n * Authentication is resolved in the following priority order:\n *\n * 1. **Explicit API key**: If `options.apiKey` is provided, it is used directly.\n * 2. **DAYTONA_API_KEY**: Environment variable for Daytona API key.\n *\n * If no API key is found, an error is thrown with setup instructions.\n *\n * ## Environment Variable Setup\n *\n * ```bash\n * # Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\n * export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\n * ```\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @returns The API key string\n * @throws {Error} If no API key is available\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * // With explicit API key\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey({ apiKey: \"my-api-key\" });\n *\n * // Using environment variables (auto-detected)\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey();\n *\n * // From DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n *   auth: { apiKey: \"my-api-key\" }\n * };\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey(options.auth);\n * ```\n */\nexport function getAuthApiKey(options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"]): string {\n  // Priority 1: Explicit API key in options\n  if (options?.apiKey) {\n    return options.apiKey;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 2: DAYTONA_API_KEY environment variable\n  const apiKey = process.env.DAYTONA_API_KEY;\n  if (apiKey) {\n    return apiKey;\n  }\n\n  // No API key found - throw descriptive error\n  throw new Error(\n    \"Daytona authentication required. Provide an API key using one of these methods:\\n\\n\" +\n      \"1. Set DAYTONA_API_KEY environment variable:\\n\" +\n      \"   Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\\n\" +\n      \"   Run: export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\\n\\n\" +\n      \"2. Pass API key directly in options:\\n\" +\n      \"   new DaytonaSandbox({ auth: { apiKey: '...' } })\",\n  );\n}\n\n/**\n * Get the API URL for Daytona API.\n *\n * URL is resolved in the following priority order:\n *\n * 1. **Explicit API URL**: If `options.apiUrl` is provided, it is used directly.\n * 2. **DAYTONA_API_URL**: Environment variable for Daytona API URL.\n * 3. **Default**: Uses the default Daytona API URL.\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @returns The API URL string\n */\nexport function getAuthApiUrl(options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"]): string {\n  // Priority 1: Explicit API URL in options\n  if (options?.apiUrl) {\n    return options.apiUrl;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 2: DAYTONA_API_URL environment variable\n  const apiUrl = process.env.DAYTONA_API_URL;\n  if (apiUrl) {\n    return apiUrl;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 3: Default URL\n  return DEFAULT_API_URL;\n}\n\n/**\n * Get authentication credentials for Daytona API.\n *\n * This function returns the credentials needed for the Daytona SDK.\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @param target - Optional target region\n * @returns Complete authentication credentials\n * @throws {Error} If no API key is available\n */\nexport function getAuthCredentials(\n  options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"],\n  target?: string,\n): DaytonaCredentials {\n  return {\n    apiKey: getAuthApiKey(options),\n    apiUrl: getAuthApiUrl(options),\n    target: target ?? process.env.DAYTONA_TARGET,\n  };\n}\n","/**\n * Type definitions for the Daytona Sandbox backend.\n *\n * This module contains all type definitions for the @langchain/daytona package,\n * including options and error types.\n */\n\nimport { type SandboxErrorCode, SandboxError } from \"deepagents\";\n\n/**\n * Supported target regions for Daytona sandboxes.\n *\n * - `us`: United States\n * - `eu`: Europe\n */\nexport type DaytonaSandboxTarget = \"us\" | \"eu\";\n\n/**\n * Configuration options for creating a Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n *   language: \"typescript\",\n *   timeout: 300, // 5 minutes\n *   target: \"us\",\n * };\n * ```\n */\nexport interface DaytonaSandboxOptions {\n  /**\n   * Primary language for code execution in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Determines the runtime environment and code execution tooling.\n   *\n   * @default \"typescript\"\n   */\n  language?: \"typescript\" | \"python\" | \"javascript\";\n\n  /**\n   * Custom environment variables to set in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * These variables will be available to all commands and code executed\n   * in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * envVars: {\n   *   NODE_ENV: \"development\",\n   *   API_KEY: \"secret\"\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Resource allocation for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specifying resources, you must also specify an `image`.\n   * Resources cannot be customized when using the default snapshot-based sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * resources: { cpu: 2, memory: 4, disk: 20 }\n   * ```\n   */\n  resources?: {\n    /** Number of CPUs to allocate */\n    cpu?: number;\n    /** Amount of memory in GiB */\n    memory?: number;\n    /** Amount of disk space in GiB */\n    disk?: number;\n  };\n\n  /**\n   * Custom Docker image to use for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specified, creates a sandbox from this image instead of the default snapshot.\n   * This is required when you want to customize resources.\n   *\n   * @example \"node:20\" or \"python:3.12\"\n   */\n  image?: string;\n\n  /**\n   * Snapshot name to use for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specified, creates a sandbox from this snapshot.\n   * Cannot be used together with `image`.\n   */\n  snapshot?: string;\n\n  /**\n   * Target region where the sandbox will be created.\n   *\n   * @default \"us\"\n   */\n  target?: DaytonaSandboxTarget;\n\n  /**\n   * Auto-stop interval in minutes.\n   *\n   * The sandbox will automatically stop after being idle for this duration.\n   * Set to 0 to disable auto-stop.\n   *\n   * @default 15\n   */\n  autoStopInterval?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Default timeout for command execution in seconds.\n   *\n   * @default 300 (5 minutes)\n   */\n  timeout?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Custom labels to attach to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Labels can be used for organizing and filtering sandboxes.\n   */\n  labels?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Initial files to create in the sandbox after initialization.\n   *\n   * A map of file paths to their contents. Files will be created\n   * in the sandbox filesystem before any commands are executed.\n   * Parent directories are created automatically.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n   *   language: \"typescript\",\n   *   initialFiles: {\n   *     \"/app/index.js\": \"console.log('Hello')\",\n   *     \"/app/package.json\": '{\"name\": \"test\"}',\n   *   },\n   * };\n   * ```\n   */\n  initialFiles?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Authentication configuration for Daytona API.\n   *\n   * ### Environment Variable Setup\n   *\n   * ```bash\n   * # Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\n   * export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\n   * ```\n   *\n   * Or pass the API key directly in this auth configuration.\n   */\n  auth?: {\n    /**\n     * Daytona API key.\n     * If not provided, reads from `DAYTONA_API_KEY` environment variable.\n     */\n    apiKey?: string;\n\n    /**\n     * Daytona API URL.\n     * If not provided, reads from `DAYTONA_API_URL` environment variable\n     * or uses the default Daytona API URL.\n     *\n     * @default \"https://app.daytona.io/api\"\n     */\n    apiUrl?: string;\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Error codes for Daytona Sandbox operations.\n *\n * Used to identify specific error conditions and handle them appropriately.\n */\nexport type DaytonaSandboxErrorCode =\n  | SandboxErrorCode\n  /** Authentication failed - check API key configuration */\n  | \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\"\n  /** Failed to create sandbox - check options and quotas */\n  | \"SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED\"\n  /** Sandbox not found - may have been deleted or expired */\n  | \"SANDBOX_NOT_FOUND\"\n  /** Sandbox is not in started state */\n  | \"SANDBOX_NOT_STARTED\"\n  /** Resource limits exceeded (CPU, memory, storage) */\n  | \"RESOURCE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED\";\n\nconst DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL = Symbol.for(\"daytona.sandbox.error\");\n\n/**\n * Custom error class for Daytona Sandbox operations.\n *\n * Provides structured error information including:\n * - Human-readable message\n * - Error code for programmatic handling\n * - Original cause for debugging\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * try {\n *   await sandbox.execute(\"some command\");\n * } catch (error) {\n *   if (error instanceof DaytonaSandboxError) {\n *     switch (error.code) {\n *       case \"NOT_INITIALIZED\":\n *         await sandbox.initialize();\n *         break;\n *       case \"COMMAND_TIMEOUT\":\n *         console.error(\"Command took too long\");\n *         break;\n *       default:\n *         throw error;\n *     }\n *   }\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport class DaytonaSandboxError extends SandboxError {\n  /** Symbol for identifying sandbox error instances */\n  [DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] = true as const;\n\n  /** Error name for instanceof checks and logging */\n  override readonly name = \"DaytonaSandboxError\";\n\n  /**\n   * Creates a new DaytonaSandboxError.\n   *\n   * @param message - Human-readable error description\n   * @param code - Structured error code for programmatic handling\n   * @param cause - Original error that caused this error (for debugging)\n   */\n  constructor(\n    message: string,\n    public readonly code: DaytonaSandboxErrorCode,\n    public override readonly cause?: Error,\n  ) {\n    super(message, code as SandboxErrorCode, cause);\n    // Maintain proper prototype chain for instanceof checks\n    Object.setPrototypeOf(this, DaytonaSandboxError.prototype);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Checks if the error is an instance of DaytonaSandboxError.\n   *\n   * @param error - The error to check\n   * @returns True if the error is an instance of DaytonaSandboxError, false otherwise\n   */\n  static isInstance(error: unknown): error is DaytonaSandboxError {\n    return (\n      typeof error === \"object\" &&\n      error !== null &&\n      (error as Record<symbol, unknown>)[DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] === true\n    );\n  }\n}\n","/* eslint-disable no-instanceof/no-instanceof */\n/**\n * Daytona Sandbox implementation of the SandboxBackendProtocol.\n *\n * This module provides a Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents, enabling agents\n * to execute commands, read/write files, and manage isolated sandbox environments\n * using Daytona's infrastructure.\n *\n * @packageDocumentation\n */\n\nimport { Daytona, type Sandbox } from \"@daytonaio/sdk\";\nimport {\n  BaseSandbox,\n  type ExecuteResponse,\n  type FileDownloadResponse,\n  type FileOperationError,\n  type FileUploadResponse,\n  type BackendFactory,\n} from \"deepagents\";\n\nimport { getAuthCredentials } from \"./auth.js\";\nimport { DaytonaSandboxError, type DaytonaSandboxOptions } from \"./types.js\";\n\n/**\n * Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents.\n *\n * Extends `BaseSandbox` to provide command execution, file operations, and\n * sandbox lifecycle management using Daytona's SDK.\n *\n * ## Basic Usage\n *\n * ```typescript\n * import { DaytonaSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create and initialize a sandbox\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({\n *   language: \"typescript\",\n *   timeout: 300,\n * });\n *\n * try {\n *   // Execute commands\n *   const result = await sandbox.execute(\"node --version\");\n *   console.log(result.output);\n * } finally {\n *   // Always cleanup\n *   await sandbox.close();\n * }\n * ```\n *\n * ## Using with DeepAgent\n *\n * ```typescript\n * import { createDeepAgent } from \"deepagents\";\n * import { DaytonaSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n *\n * const agent = createDeepAgent({\n *   model: new ChatAnthropic({ model: \"claude-sonnet-4-20250514\" }),\n *   systemPrompt: \"You are a coding assistant with sandbox access.\",\n *   backend: sandbox,\n * });\n * ```\n */\nexport class DaytonaSandbox extends BaseSandbox {\n  /** Private reference to the Daytona client */\n  #daytona: Daytona | null = null;\n\n  /** Private reference to the underlying Daytona Sandbox instance */\n  #sandbox: Sandbox | null = null;\n\n  /** Configuration options for this sandbox */\n  #options: DaytonaSandboxOptions;\n\n  /** Unique identifier for this sandbox instance */\n  #id: string;\n\n  /** Default timeout for command execution in seconds */\n  #timeout: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Get the unique identifier for this sandbox.\n   *\n   * Before initialization, returns a temporary ID.\n   * After initialization, returns the actual Daytona sandbox ID.\n   */\n  get id(): string {\n    return this.#id;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the underlying Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the sandbox is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n   * const daytonaSdk = sandbox.sandbox; // Access the raw SDK\n   * ```\n   */\n  get instance(): Sandbox {\n    if (!this.#sandbox) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Sandbox not initialized. Call initialize() or use DaytonaSandbox.create()\",\n        \"NOT_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n    return this.#sandbox;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the underlying Daytona client instance.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the client is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n   * const daytonaClient = sandbox.client; // Access the raw Daytona client\n   * ```\n   */\n  get client(): Daytona {\n    if (!this.#daytona) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Daytona client not initialized. Call initialize() or use DaytonaSandbox.create()\",\n        \"NOT_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n    return this.#daytona;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Check if the sandbox is initialized and running.\n   */\n  get isRunning(): boolean {\n    return this.#sandbox !== null;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create a new DaytonaSandbox instance.\n   *\n   * Note: This only creates the instance. Call `initialize()` to actually\n   * create the Daytona Sandbox, or use the static `DaytonaSandbox.create()` method.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the sandbox\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Two-step initialization\n   * const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox({ language: \"typescript\" });\n   * await sandbox.initialize();\n   *\n   * // Or use the factory method\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({ language: \"typescript\" });\n   * ```\n   */\n  constructor(options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {}) {\n    super();\n\n    // Set defaults\n    this.#options = {\n      language: \"typescript\",\n      timeout: 300,\n      ...options,\n    };\n\n    this.#timeout = this.#options.timeout ?? 300;\n\n    // Generate temporary ID until initialized\n    this.#id = `daytona-sandbox-${Date.now()}`;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Initialize the sandbox by creating a new Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   *\n   * This method authenticates with Daytona and provisions a new sandbox.\n   * After initialization, the `id` property will reflect the actual sandbox ID.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If already initialized (`ALREADY_INITIALIZED`)\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If authentication fails (`AUTHENTICATION_FAILED`)\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If sandbox creation fails (`SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED`)\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox();\n   * await sandbox.initialize();\n   * console.log(`Sandbox ID: ${sandbox.id}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async initialize(): Promise<void> {\n    // Prevent double initialization\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Sandbox is already initialized. Each DaytonaSandbox instance can only be initialized once.\",\n        \"ALREADY_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n\n    // Get authentication credentials\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(\n        this.#options.auth,\n        this.#options.target,\n      );\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      // Create Daytona client\n      this.#daytona = new Daytona({\n        apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n        apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n        target: credentials.target,\n      });\n\n      // Determine if we're creating from image or snapshot\n      if (this.#options.image) {\n        // Create from image (allows custom resources)\n        const createOptions: {\n          image: string;\n          language?: string;\n          envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n          autoStopInterval?: number;\n          labels?: Record<string, string>;\n          resources?: { cpu?: number; memory?: number; disk?: number };\n        } = {\n          image: this.#options.image,\n          language: this.#options.language ?? \"typescript\",\n        };\n\n        if (this.#options.envVars) {\n          createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.labels) {\n          createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.resources) {\n          createOptions.resources = this.#options.resources;\n        }\n\n        // Create the sandbox from image\n        this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);\n      } else {\n        // Create from snapshot (default, simpler approach)\n        const createOptions: {\n          language?: string;\n          snapshot?: string;\n          envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n          autoStopInterval?: number;\n          labels?: Record<string, string>;\n        } = {\n          language: this.#options.language ?? \"typescript\",\n        };\n\n        if (this.#options.snapshot) {\n          createOptions.snapshot = this.#options.snapshot;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.envVars) {\n          createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.labels) {\n          createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;\n        }\n\n        // Create the sandbox from snapshot\n        this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);\n      }\n\n      // Update ID to the actual sandbox ID\n      this.#id = this.#sandbox.id;\n\n      // Upload initial files if provided\n      if (this.#options.initialFiles) {\n        await this.#uploadInitialFiles(this.#options.initialFiles);\n      }\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Failed to create Daytona Sandbox: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,\n        \"SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Upload initial files to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @param files - A map of file paths to their string contents\n   */\n  async #uploadInitialFiles(files: Record<string, string>): Promise<void> {\n    const encoder = new TextEncoder();\n    const fileEntries: Array<[string, Uint8Array]> = Object.entries(files).map(\n      ([path, content]) => [path, encoder.encode(content)],\n    );\n\n    const results = await this.uploadFiles(fileEntries);\n\n    // Check for any errors during upload\n    const errors = results.filter((r) => r.error !== null);\n    if (errors.length > 0) {\n      const errorPaths = errors.map((e) => `${e.path}: ${e.error}`).join(\", \");\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Failed to upload initial files: ${errorPaths}`,\n        \"FILE_OPERATION_FAILED\",\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Execute a command in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Commands are run using the sandbox's shell.\n   *\n   * @param command - The shell command to execute\n   * @returns Execution result with output, exit code, and truncation flag\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the sandbox is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const result = await sandbox.execute(\"echo 'Hello World'\");\n   * console.log(result.output); // \"Hello World\\n\"\n   * console.log(result.exitCode); // 0\n   * ```\n   */\n  async execute(command: string): Promise<ExecuteResponse> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n\n    try {\n      const response = await sandbox.process.executeCommand(\n        command,\n        undefined,\n        undefined,\n        this.#timeout,\n      );\n\n      return {\n        output: response.result ?? \"\",\n        exitCode: response.exitCode ?? 0,\n        truncated: false,\n      };\n    } catch (error) {\n      // Check for timeout\n      if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes(\"timeout\")) {\n        throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n          `Command timed out: ${command}`,\n          \"COMMAND_TIMEOUT\",\n          error,\n        );\n      }\n\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Command execution failed: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,\n        \"COMMAND_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Upload files to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Files are written to the sandbox filesystem. Parent directories are\n   * created automatically if they don't exist.\n   *\n   * @param files - Array of [path, content] tuples to upload\n   * @returns Upload result for each file, with success or error status\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const encoder = new TextEncoder();\n   * const results = await sandbox.uploadFiles([\n   *   [\"src/index.js\", encoder.encode(\"console.log('Hello')\")],\n   *   [\"package.json\", encoder.encode('{\"name\": \"test\"}')],\n   * ]);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async uploadFiles(\n    files: Array<[string, Uint8Array]>,\n  ): Promise<FileUploadResponse[]> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n    const results: FileUploadResponse[] = [];\n\n    for (const [path, content] of files) {\n      try {\n        // Ensure parent directory exists\n        const parentDir = path.substring(0, path.lastIndexOf(\"/\"));\n        if (parentDir) {\n          await sandbox.fs.createFolder(parentDir, \"755\");\n        }\n\n        // Upload the file content\n        const buffer = Buffer.from(content);\n        await sandbox.fs.uploadFile(buffer, path);\n        results.push({ path, error: null });\n      } catch (error) {\n        results.push({ path, error: this.#mapError(error) });\n      }\n    }\n\n    return results;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Download files from the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Each file is read individually, allowing partial success when some\n   * files exist and others don't.\n   *\n   * @param paths - Array of file paths to download\n   * @returns Download result for each file, with content or error\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const results = await sandbox.downloadFiles([\"src/index.js\", \"missing.txt\"]);\n   * for (const result of results) {\n   *   if (result.content) {\n   *     console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(result.content));\n   *   } else {\n   *     console.error(`Error: ${result.error}`);\n   *   }\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  async downloadFiles(paths: string[]): Promise<FileDownloadResponse[]> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n    const results: FileDownloadResponse[] = [];\n\n    for (const path of paths) {\n      try {\n        const buffer = await sandbox.fs.downloadFile(path);\n        results.push({\n          path,\n          content: new Uint8Array(buffer),\n          error: null,\n        });\n      } catch (error) {\n        results.push({\n          path,\n          content: null,\n          error: this.#mapError(error),\n        });\n      }\n    }\n\n    return results;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Close the sandbox and release all resources.\n   *\n   * After closing, the sandbox cannot be used again. The sandbox is deleted\n   * from Daytona's infrastructure.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * try {\n   *   await sandbox.execute(\"npm run build\");\n   * } finally {\n   *   await sandbox.close();\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  async close(): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      try {\n        await this.#sandbox.delete();\n      } finally {\n        this.#sandbox = null;\n        this.#daytona = null;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Stop the sandbox without deleting it.\n   *\n   * The sandbox can be restarted later using `start()`.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.stop();\n   * // Later...\n   * await sandbox.start();\n   * ```\n   */\n  async stop(): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      await this.#sandbox.stop();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Start a stopped sandbox.\n   *\n   * @param timeout - Maximum time to wait in seconds (default: 60)\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.start();\n   * console.log(\"Sandbox is now running\");\n   * ```\n   */\n  async start(timeout: number = 60): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      await this.#sandbox.start(timeout);\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Forcefully terminate and delete the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Use this when you need to immediately stop the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.kill();\n   * ```\n   */\n  async kill(): Promise<void> {\n    await this.close();\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the working directory path inside the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @returns The absolute path to the sandbox working directory\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const workDir = await sandbox.getWorkDir();\n   * console.log(`Working directory: ${workDir}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async getWorkDir(): Promise<string> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance;\n    const workDir = await sandbox.getWorkDir();\n    return workDir ?? \"/home/daytona\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the user's home directory path inside the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @returns The absolute path to the user's home directory\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const homeDir = await sandbox.getUserHomeDir();\n   * console.log(`Home directory: ${homeDir}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async getUserHomeDir(): Promise<string> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance;\n    const homeDir = await sandbox.getUserHomeDir();\n    return homeDir ?? \"/home/daytona\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Set the sandbox from an existing Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   * Used internally by the static `connect()` method.\n   */\n  #setFromExisting(\n    daytona: Daytona,\n    existingSandbox: Sandbox,\n    sandboxId: string,\n  ): void {\n    this.#daytona = daytona;\n    this.#sandbox = existingSandbox;\n    this.#id = sandboxId;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Map Daytona SDK errors to standardized FileOperationError codes.\n   *\n   * @param error - The error from the Daytona SDK\n   * @returns A standardized error code\n   */\n  #mapError(error: unknown): FileOperationError {\n    if (error instanceof Error) {\n      const msg = error.message.toLowerCase();\n\n      if (msg.includes(\"not found\") || msg.includes(\"enoent\")) {\n        return \"file_not_found\";\n      }\n      if (msg.includes(\"permission\") || msg.includes(\"eacces\")) {\n        return \"permission_denied\";\n      }\n      if (msg.includes(\"directory\") || msg.includes(\"eisdir\")) {\n        return \"is_directory\";\n      }\n    }\n\n    return \"invalid_path\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create and initialize a new DaytonaSandbox in one step.\n   *\n   * This is the recommended way to create a sandbox. It combines\n   * construction and initialization into a single async operation.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the sandbox\n   * @returns An initialized and ready-to-use sandbox\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({\n   *   language: \"typescript\",\n   *   cpu: 2,\n   *   memory: 4,\n   * });\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async create(\n    options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox(options);\n    await sandbox.initialize();\n    return sandbox;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Delete all sandboxes matching the given labels.\n   *\n   * This is useful for cleaning up stale sandboxes from previous test runs\n   * or CI pipelines that may not have shut down cleanly.\n   *\n   * @param labels - Label key-value pairs to filter sandboxes\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration\n   * @returns The number of sandboxes that were deleted\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Clean up all integration-test sandboxes\n   * const deleted = await DaytonaSandbox.deleteAll({\n   *   purpose: \"integration-test\",\n   *   package: \"@langchain/daytona\",\n   * });\n   * console.log(`Deleted ${deleted} stale sandboxes`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async deleteAll(\n    labels: Record<string, string>,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\" | \"target\">,\n  ): Promise<number> {\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(options?.auth, options?.target);\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    const daytona = new Daytona({\n      apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n      apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n      target: credentials.target,\n    });\n\n    const { items } = await daytona.list(labels);\n\n    const results = await Promise.all(\n      items.map((sandbox) =>\n        daytona\n          .delete(sandbox)\n          .then(() => true)\n          .catch(() => false),\n      ),\n    );\n\n    return results.filter(Boolean).length;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Connect to an existing sandbox by ID.\n   *\n   * This allows you to resume working with a sandbox that was created\n   * earlier or that is still running.\n   *\n   * @param sandboxId - The ID of the sandbox to connect to\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration (for API key)\n   * @returns A connected sandbox instance\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Resume a sandbox from a stored ID\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.connect(\"sandbox-abc123\");\n   * const result = await sandbox.execute(\"ls -la\");\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async fromId(\n    id: string,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\" | \"target\" | \"timeout\">,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    // Get authentication credentials\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(options?.auth, options?.target);\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      const daytona = new Daytona({\n        apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n        apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n        target: credentials.target,\n      });\n\n      const existingSandbox = await daytona.get(id);\n\n      const daytonaSandbox = new DaytonaSandbox(options);\n      // Set the existing sandbox directly (bypass initialize)\n      daytonaSandbox.#setFromExisting(daytona, existingSandbox, id);\n\n      return daytonaSandbox;\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Sandbox not found: ${id}`,\n        \"SANDBOX_NOT_FOUND\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get a running sandbox by name from a deployed app.\n   *\n   * @param name - The name of the sandbox\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration\n   * @returns A connected sandbox instance\n   */\n  static async fromName(\n    name: string,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\">,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    return DaytonaSandbox.fromId(name, options);\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Async factory function type for creating Daytona Sandbox instances.\n *\n * This is similar to BackendFactory but supports async creation,\n * which is required for Daytona Sandbox since initialization is async.\n */\nexport type AsyncDaytonaSandboxFactory = () => Promise<DaytonaSandbox>;\n\n/**\n * Create an async factory function that creates a new Daytona Sandbox per invocation.\n *\n * Each call to the factory will create and initialize a new sandbox.\n * This is useful when you want fresh, isolated environments for each\n * agent invocation.\n *\n * **Important**: This returns an async factory. For use with middleware that\n * requires synchronous BackendFactory, use `createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox()`\n * with a pre-created sandbox instead.\n *\n * @param options - Optional configuration for sandbox creation\n * @returns An async factory function that creates new sandboxes\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { DaytonaSandbox, createDaytonaSandboxFactory } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create a factory for new sandboxes\n * const factory = createDaytonaSandboxFactory({ language: \"typescript\" });\n *\n * // Each call creates a new sandbox\n * const sandbox1 = await factory();\n * const sandbox2 = await factory();\n *\n * try {\n *   // Use sandboxes...\n * } finally {\n *   await sandbox1.close();\n *   await sandbox2.close();\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport function createDaytonaSandboxFactory(\n  options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions,\n): AsyncDaytonaSandboxFactory {\n  return async () => {\n    return await DaytonaSandbox.create(options);\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Create a backend factory that reuses an existing Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * This allows multiple agent invocations to share the same sandbox,\n * avoiding the startup overhead of creating new sandboxes.\n *\n * Important: You are responsible for managing the sandbox lifecycle\n * (calling `close()` when done).\n *\n * @param sandbox - An existing DaytonaSandbox instance (must be initialized)\n * @returns A BackendFactory that returns the provided sandbox\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { createDeepAgent, createFilesystemMiddleware } from \"deepagents\";\n * import { DaytonaSandbox, createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create and initialize a sandbox\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({ language: \"typescript\" });\n *\n * try {\n *   const agent = createDeepAgent({\n *     model: new ChatAnthropic({ model: \"claude-sonnet-4-20250514\" }),\n *     systemPrompt: \"You are a coding assistant.\",\n *     middlewares: [\n *       createFilesystemMiddleware({\n *         backend: createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(sandbox),\n *       }),\n *     ],\n *   });\n *\n *   await agent.invoke({ messages: [...] });\n * } finally {\n *   await sandbox.close();\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport function createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(\n  sandbox: DaytonaSandbox,\n): BackendFactory {\n  return () => 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+{"version":3,"file":"index.cjs","names":["SandboxError","BaseSandbox","#id","#sandbox","#daytona","#options","#timeout","Daytona","#uploadInitialFiles","#mapError","#setFromExisting"],"sources":["../src/auth.ts","../src/types.ts","../src/sandbox.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Authentication utilities for Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * This module provides authentication credential resolution for the Daytona SDK.\n *\n * @packageDocumentation\n */\n\nimport type { DaytonaSandboxOptions } from \"./types.js\";\n\n/**\n * Authentication credentials for Daytona API.\n */\nexport interface DaytonaCredentials {\n  /** Daytona API key */\n  apiKey: string;\n\n  /** Daytona API URL */\n  apiUrl: string;\n\n  /** Target region */\n  target?: string;\n}\n\n/** Default Daytona API URL */\nconst DEFAULT_API_URL = \"https://app.daytona.io/api\";\n\n/**\n * Get the API key for Daytona API.\n *\n * Authentication is resolved in the following priority order:\n *\n * 1. **Explicit API key**: If `options.apiKey` is provided, it is used directly.\n * 2. **DAYTONA_API_KEY**: Environment variable for Daytona API key.\n *\n * If no API key is found, an error is thrown with setup instructions.\n *\n * ## Environment Variable Setup\n *\n * ```bash\n * # Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\n * export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\n * ```\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @returns The API key string\n * @throws {Error} If no API key is available\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * // With explicit API key\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey({ apiKey: \"my-api-key\" });\n *\n * // Using environment variables (auto-detected)\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey();\n *\n * // From DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n *   auth: { apiKey: \"my-api-key\" }\n * };\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey(options.auth);\n * ```\n */\nexport function getAuthApiKey(options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"]): string {\n  // Priority 1: Explicit API key in options\n  if (options?.apiKey) {\n    return options.apiKey;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 2: DAYTONA_API_KEY environment variable\n  const apiKey = process.env.DAYTONA_API_KEY;\n  if (apiKey) {\n    return apiKey;\n  }\n\n  // No API key found - throw descriptive error\n  throw new Error(\n    \"Daytona authentication required. Provide an API key using one of these methods:\\n\\n\" +\n      \"1. Set DAYTONA_API_KEY environment variable:\\n\" +\n      \"   Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\\n\" +\n      \"   Run: export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\\n\\n\" +\n      \"2. Pass API key directly in options:\\n\" +\n      \"   new DaytonaSandbox({ auth: { apiKey: '...' } })\",\n  );\n}\n\n/**\n * Get the API URL for Daytona API.\n *\n * URL is resolved in the following priority order:\n *\n * 1. **Explicit API URL**: If `options.apiUrl` is provided, it is used directly.\n * 2. **DAYTONA_API_URL**: Environment variable for Daytona API URL.\n * 3. **Default**: Uses the default Daytona API URL.\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @returns The API URL string\n */\nexport function getAuthApiUrl(options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"]): string {\n  // Priority 1: Explicit API URL in options\n  if (options?.apiUrl) {\n    return options.apiUrl;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 2: DAYTONA_API_URL environment variable\n  const apiUrl = process.env.DAYTONA_API_URL;\n  if (apiUrl) {\n    return apiUrl;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 3: Default URL\n  return DEFAULT_API_URL;\n}\n\n/**\n * Get authentication credentials for Daytona API.\n *\n * This function returns the credentials needed for the Daytona SDK.\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @param target - Optional target region\n * @returns Complete authentication credentials\n * @throws {Error} If no API key is available\n */\nexport function getAuthCredentials(\n  options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"],\n  target?: string,\n): DaytonaCredentials {\n  return {\n    apiKey: getAuthApiKey(options),\n    apiUrl: getAuthApiUrl(options),\n    target: target ?? process.env.DAYTONA_TARGET,\n  };\n}\n","/**\n * Type definitions for the Daytona Sandbox backend.\n *\n * This module contains all type definitions for the @langchain/daytona package,\n * including options and error types.\n */\n\nimport { type SandboxErrorCode, SandboxError } from \"deepagents\";\n\n/**\n * Supported target regions for Daytona sandboxes.\n *\n * - `us`: United States\n * - `eu`: Europe\n */\nexport type DaytonaSandboxTarget = \"us\" | \"eu\";\n\n/**\n * Configuration options for creating a Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n *   language: \"typescript\",\n *   timeout: 300, // 5 minutes\n *   target: \"us\",\n * };\n * ```\n */\nexport interface DaytonaSandboxOptions {\n  /**\n   * Primary language for code execution in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Determines the runtime environment and code execution tooling.\n   *\n   * @default \"typescript\"\n   */\n  language?: \"typescript\" | \"python\" | \"javascript\";\n\n  /**\n   * Custom environment variables to set in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * These variables will be available to all commands and code executed\n   * in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * envVars: {\n   *   NODE_ENV: \"development\",\n   *   API_KEY: \"secret\"\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Resource allocation for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specifying resources, you must also specify an `image`.\n   * Resources cannot be customized when using the default snapshot-based sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * resources: { cpu: 2, memory: 4, disk: 20 }\n   * ```\n   */\n  resources?: {\n    /** Number of CPUs to allocate */\n    cpu?: number;\n    /** Amount of memory in GiB */\n    memory?: number;\n    /** Amount of disk space in GiB */\n    disk?: number;\n  };\n\n  /**\n   * Custom Docker image to use for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specified, creates a sandbox from this image instead of the default snapshot.\n   * This is required when you want to customize resources.\n   *\n   * @example \"node:20\" or \"python:3.12\"\n   */\n  image?: string;\n\n  /**\n   * Snapshot name to use for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specified, creates a sandbox from this snapshot.\n   * Cannot be used together with `image`.\n   */\n  snapshot?: string;\n\n  /**\n   * Target region where the sandbox will be created.\n   *\n   * @default \"us\"\n   */\n  target?: DaytonaSandboxTarget;\n\n  /**\n   * Auto-stop interval in minutes.\n   *\n   * The sandbox will automatically stop after being idle for this duration.\n   * Set to 0 to disable auto-stop.\n   *\n   * @default 15\n   */\n  autoStopInterval?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Auto-archive interval in minutes.\n   *\n   * The sandbox will automatically archive after being stopped for this duration.\n   */\n  autoArchiveInterval?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Auto-delete interval in minutes.\n   *\n   * The sandbox will automatically delete after being stopped for this duration.\n   */\n  autoDeleteInterval?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Default timeout for command execution in seconds.\n   *\n   * @default 300 (5 minutes)\n   */\n  timeout?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Custom labels to attach to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Labels can be used for organizing and filtering sandboxes.\n   */\n  labels?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Initial files to create in the sandbox after initialization.\n   *\n   * A map of file paths to their contents. Files will be created\n   * in the sandbox filesystem before any commands are executed.\n   * Parent directories are created automatically.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n   *   language: \"typescript\",\n   *   initialFiles: {\n   *     \"/app/index.js\": \"console.log('Hello')\",\n   *     \"/app/package.json\": '{\"name\": \"test\"}',\n   *   },\n   * };\n   * ```\n   */\n  initialFiles?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Authentication configuration for Daytona API.\n   *\n   * ### Environment Variable Setup\n   *\n   * ```bash\n   * # Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\n   * export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\n   * ```\n   *\n   * Or pass the API key directly in this auth configuration.\n   */\n  auth?: {\n    /**\n     * Daytona API key.\n     * If not provided, reads from `DAYTONA_API_KEY` environment variable.\n     */\n    apiKey?: string;\n\n    /**\n     * Daytona API URL.\n     * If not provided, reads from `DAYTONA_API_URL` environment variable\n     * or uses the default Daytona API URL.\n     *\n     * @default \"https://app.daytona.io/api\"\n     */\n    apiUrl?: string;\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Error codes for Daytona Sandbox operations.\n *\n * Used to identify specific error conditions and handle them appropriately.\n */\nexport type DaytonaSandboxErrorCode =\n  | SandboxErrorCode\n  /** Authentication failed - check API key configuration */\n  | \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\"\n  /** Failed to create sandbox - check options and quotas */\n  | \"SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED\"\n  /** Sandbox not found - may have been deleted or expired */\n  | \"SANDBOX_NOT_FOUND\"\n  /** Sandbox is not in started state */\n  | \"SANDBOX_NOT_STARTED\"\n  /** Resource limits exceeded (CPU, memory, storage) */\n  | \"RESOURCE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED\";\n\nconst DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL = Symbol.for(\"daytona.sandbox.error\");\n\n/**\n * Custom error class for Daytona Sandbox operations.\n *\n * Provides structured error information including:\n * - Human-readable message\n * - Error code for programmatic handling\n * - Original cause for debugging\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * try {\n *   await sandbox.execute(\"some command\");\n * } catch (error) {\n *   if (error instanceof DaytonaSandboxError) {\n *     switch (error.code) {\n *       case \"NOT_INITIALIZED\":\n *         await sandbox.initialize();\n *         break;\n *       case \"COMMAND_TIMEOUT\":\n *         console.error(\"Command took too long\");\n *         break;\n *       default:\n *         throw error;\n *     }\n *   }\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport class DaytonaSandboxError extends SandboxError {\n  /** Symbol for identifying sandbox error instances */\n  [DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] = true as const;\n\n  /** Error name for instanceof checks and logging */\n  override readonly name = \"DaytonaSandboxError\";\n\n  /**\n   * Creates a new DaytonaSandboxError.\n   *\n   * @param message - Human-readable error description\n   * @param code - Structured error code for programmatic handling\n   * @param cause - Original error that caused this error (for debugging)\n   */\n  constructor(\n    message: string,\n    public readonly code: DaytonaSandboxErrorCode,\n    public override readonly cause?: Error,\n  ) {\n    super(message, code as SandboxErrorCode, cause);\n    // Maintain proper prototype chain for instanceof checks\n    Object.setPrototypeOf(this, DaytonaSandboxError.prototype);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Checks if the error is an instance of DaytonaSandboxError.\n   *\n   * @param error - The error to check\n   * @returns True if the error is an instance of DaytonaSandboxError, false otherwise\n   */\n  static isInstance(error: unknown): error is DaytonaSandboxError {\n    return (\n      typeof error === \"object\" &&\n      error !== null &&\n      (error as Record<symbol, unknown>)[DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] === true\n    );\n  }\n}\n","/* oxlint-disable no-instanceof/no-instanceof */\n/**\n * Daytona Sandbox implementation of the SandboxBackendProtocol.\n *\n * This module provides a Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents, enabling agents\n * to execute commands, read/write files, and manage isolated sandbox environments\n * using Daytona's infrastructure.\n *\n * @packageDocumentation\n */\n\nimport { Daytona, type Sandbox } from \"@daytonaio/sdk\";\nimport {\n  BaseSandbox,\n  type ExecuteResponse,\n  type FileDownloadResponse,\n  type FileOperationError,\n  type FileUploadResponse,\n  type BackendFactory,\n} from \"deepagents\";\n\nimport { getAuthCredentials } from \"./auth.js\";\nimport { DaytonaSandboxError, type DaytonaSandboxOptions } from \"./types.js\";\n\n/**\n * Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents.\n *\n * Extends `BaseSandbox` to provide command execution, file operations, and\n * sandbox lifecycle management using Daytona's SDK.\n *\n * ## Basic Usage\n *\n * ```typescript\n * import { DaytonaSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create and initialize a sandbox\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({\n *   language: \"typescript\",\n *   timeout: 300,\n * });\n *\n * try {\n *   // Execute commands\n *   const result = await sandbox.execute(\"node --version\");\n *   console.log(result.output);\n * } finally {\n *   // Always cleanup\n *   await sandbox.close();\n * }\n * ```\n *\n * ## Using with DeepAgent\n *\n * ```typescript\n * import { createDeepAgent } from \"deepagents\";\n * import { DaytonaSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n *\n * const agent = createDeepAgent({\n *   model: new ChatAnthropic({ model: \"claude-sonnet-4-20250514\" }),\n *   systemPrompt: \"You are a coding assistant with sandbox access.\",\n *   backend: sandbox,\n * });\n * ```\n */\nexport class DaytonaSandbox extends BaseSandbox {\n  /** Private reference to the Daytona client */\n  #daytona: Daytona | null = null;\n\n  /** Private reference to the underlying Daytona Sandbox instance */\n  #sandbox: Sandbox | null = null;\n\n  /** Configuration options for this sandbox */\n  #options: DaytonaSandboxOptions;\n\n  /** Unique identifier for this sandbox instance */\n  #id: string;\n\n  /** Default timeout for command execution in seconds */\n  #timeout: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Get the unique identifier for this sandbox.\n   *\n   * Before initialization, returns a temporary ID.\n   * After initialization, returns the actual Daytona sandbox ID.\n   */\n  get id(): string {\n    return this.#id;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the underlying Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the sandbox is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n   * const daytonaSdk = sandbox.sandbox; // Access the raw SDK\n   * ```\n   */\n  get instance(): Sandbox {\n    if (!this.#sandbox) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Sandbox not initialized. Call initialize() or use DaytonaSandbox.create()\",\n        \"NOT_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n    return this.#sandbox;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the underlying Daytona client instance.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the client is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n   * const daytonaClient = sandbox.client; // Access the raw Daytona client\n   * ```\n   */\n  get client(): Daytona {\n    if (!this.#daytona) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Daytona client not initialized. Call initialize() or use DaytonaSandbox.create()\",\n        \"NOT_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n    return this.#daytona;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Check if the sandbox is initialized and running.\n   */\n  get isRunning(): boolean {\n    return this.#sandbox !== null;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create a new DaytonaSandbox instance.\n   *\n   * Note: This only creates the instance. Call `initialize()` to actually\n   * create the Daytona Sandbox, or use the static `DaytonaSandbox.create()` method.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the sandbox\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Two-step initialization\n   * const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox({ language: \"typescript\" });\n   * await sandbox.initialize();\n   *\n   * // Or use the factory method\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({ language: \"typescript\" });\n   * ```\n   */\n  constructor(options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {}) {\n    super();\n\n    // Set defaults\n    this.#options = {\n      language: \"typescript\",\n      timeout: 300,\n      ...options,\n    };\n\n    this.#timeout = this.#options.timeout ?? 300;\n\n    // Generate temporary ID until initialized\n    this.#id = `daytona-sandbox-${Date.now()}`;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Initialize the sandbox by creating a new Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   *\n   * This method authenticates with Daytona and provisions a new sandbox.\n   * After initialization, the `id` property will reflect the actual sandbox ID.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If already initialized (`ALREADY_INITIALIZED`)\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If authentication fails (`AUTHENTICATION_FAILED`)\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If sandbox creation fails (`SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED`)\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox();\n   * await sandbox.initialize();\n   * console.log(`Sandbox ID: ${sandbox.id}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async initialize(): Promise<void> {\n    // Prevent double initialization\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Sandbox is already initialized. Each DaytonaSandbox instance can only be initialized once.\",\n        \"ALREADY_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n\n    // Get authentication credentials\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(\n        this.#options.auth,\n        this.#options.target,\n      );\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      // Create Daytona client\n      this.#daytona = new Daytona({\n        apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n        apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n        target: credentials.target,\n      });\n\n      // Determine if we're creating from image or snapshot\n      if (this.#options.image) {\n        // Create from image (allows custom resources)\n        const createOptions: {\n          image: string;\n          language?: string;\n          envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n          autoStopInterval?: number;\n          autoArchiveInterval?: number;\n          autoDeleteInterval?: number;\n          labels?: Record<string, string>;\n          resources?: { cpu?: number; memory?: number; disk?: number };\n        } = {\n          image: this.#options.image,\n          language: this.#options.language ?? \"typescript\",\n        };\n\n        if (this.#options.envVars) {\n          createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoArchiveInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoArchiveInterval = this.#options.autoArchiveInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoDeleteInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoDeleteInterval = this.#options.autoDeleteInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.labels) {\n          createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.resources) {\n          createOptions.resources = this.#options.resources;\n        }\n\n        // Create the sandbox from image\n        this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);\n      } else {\n        // Create from snapshot (default, simpler approach)\n        const createOptions: {\n          language?: string;\n          snapshot?: string;\n          envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n          autoStopInterval?: number;\n          autoArchiveInterval?: number;\n          autoDeleteInterval?: number;\n          labels?: Record<string, string>;\n        } = {\n          language: this.#options.language ?? \"typescript\",\n        };\n\n        if (this.#options.snapshot) {\n          createOptions.snapshot = this.#options.snapshot;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.envVars) {\n          createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoArchiveInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoArchiveInterval = this.#options.autoArchiveInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoDeleteInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoDeleteInterval = this.#options.autoDeleteInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.labels) {\n          createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;\n        }\n\n        // Create the sandbox from snapshot\n        this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);\n      }\n\n      // Update ID to the actual sandbox ID\n      this.#id = this.#sandbox.id;\n\n      // Upload initial files if provided\n      if (this.#options.initialFiles) {\n        await this.#uploadInitialFiles(this.#options.initialFiles);\n      }\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Failed to create Daytona Sandbox: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,\n        \"SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Upload initial files to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @param files - A map of file paths to their string contents\n   */\n  async #uploadInitialFiles(files: Record<string, string>): Promise<void> {\n    const encoder = new TextEncoder();\n    const fileEntries: Array<[string, Uint8Array]> = Object.entries(files).map(\n      ([path, content]) => [path, encoder.encode(content)],\n    );\n\n    const results = await this.uploadFiles(fileEntries);\n\n    // Check for any errors during upload\n    const errors = results.filter((r) => r.error !== null);\n    if (errors.length > 0) {\n      const errorPaths = errors.map((e) => `${e.path}: ${e.error}`).join(\", \");\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Failed to upload initial files: ${errorPaths}`,\n        \"FILE_OPERATION_FAILED\",\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Execute a command in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Commands are run using the sandbox's shell.\n   *\n   * @param command - The shell command to execute\n   * @returns Execution result with output, exit code, and truncation flag\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the sandbox is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const result = await sandbox.execute(\"echo 'Hello World'\");\n   * console.log(result.output); // \"Hello World\\n\"\n   * console.log(result.exitCode); // 0\n   * ```\n   */\n  async execute(command: string): Promise<ExecuteResponse> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n\n    try {\n      const response = await sandbox.process.executeCommand(\n        command,\n        undefined,\n        undefined,\n        this.#timeout,\n      );\n\n      return {\n        output: response.result ?? \"\",\n        exitCode: response.exitCode ?? 0,\n        truncated: false,\n      };\n    } catch (error) {\n      // Check for timeout\n      if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes(\"timeout\")) {\n        throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n          `Command timed out: ${command}`,\n          \"COMMAND_TIMEOUT\",\n          error,\n        );\n      }\n\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Command execution failed: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,\n        \"COMMAND_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Upload files to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Files are written to the sandbox filesystem. Parent directories are\n   * created automatically if they don't exist.\n   *\n   * @param files - Array of [path, content] tuples to upload\n   * @returns Upload result for each file, with success or error status\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const encoder = new TextEncoder();\n   * const results = await sandbox.uploadFiles([\n   *   [\"src/index.js\", encoder.encode(\"console.log('Hello')\")],\n   *   [\"package.json\", encoder.encode('{\"name\": \"test\"}')],\n   * ]);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async uploadFiles(\n    files: Array<[string, Uint8Array]>,\n  ): Promise<FileUploadResponse[]> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n    const results: FileUploadResponse[] = [];\n\n    for (const [path, content] of files) {\n      try {\n        // Ensure parent directory exists\n        const parentDir = path.substring(0, path.lastIndexOf(\"/\"));\n        if (parentDir) {\n          await sandbox.fs.createFolder(parentDir, \"755\");\n        }\n\n        // Upload the file content\n        const buffer = Buffer.from(content);\n        await sandbox.fs.uploadFile(buffer, path);\n        results.push({ path, error: null });\n      } catch (error) {\n        results.push({ path, error: this.#mapError(error) });\n      }\n    }\n\n    return results;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Download files from the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Each file is read individually, allowing partial success when some\n   * files exist and others don't.\n   *\n   * @param paths - Array of file paths to download\n   * @returns Download result for each file, with content or error\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const results = await sandbox.downloadFiles([\"src/index.js\", \"missing.txt\"]);\n   * for (const result of results) {\n   *   if (result.content) {\n   *     console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(result.content));\n   *   } else {\n   *     console.error(`Error: ${result.error}`);\n   *   }\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  async downloadFiles(paths: string[]): Promise<FileDownloadResponse[]> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n    const results: FileDownloadResponse[] = [];\n\n    for (const path of paths) {\n      try {\n        const buffer = await sandbox.fs.downloadFile(path);\n        results.push({\n          path,\n          content: new Uint8Array(buffer),\n          error: null,\n        });\n      } catch (error) {\n        results.push({\n          path,\n          content: null,\n          error: this.#mapError(error),\n        });\n      }\n    }\n\n    return results;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Close the sandbox and release all resources.\n   *\n   * After closing, the sandbox cannot be used again. The sandbox is deleted\n   * from Daytona's infrastructure.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * try {\n   *   await sandbox.execute(\"npm run build\");\n   * } finally {\n   *   await sandbox.close();\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  async close(): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      try {\n        await this.#sandbox.delete();\n      } finally {\n        this.#sandbox = null;\n        this.#daytona = null;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Stop the sandbox without deleting it.\n   *\n   * The sandbox can be restarted later using `start()`.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.stop();\n   * // Later...\n   * await sandbox.start();\n   * ```\n   */\n  async stop(): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      await this.#sandbox.stop();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Start a stopped sandbox.\n   *\n   * @param timeout - Maximum time to wait in seconds (default: 60)\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.start();\n   * console.log(\"Sandbox is now running\");\n   * ```\n   */\n  async start(timeout: number = 60): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      await this.#sandbox.start(timeout);\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Forcefully terminate and delete the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Use this when you need to immediately stop the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.kill();\n   * ```\n   */\n  async kill(): Promise<void> {\n    await this.close();\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the working directory path inside the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @returns The absolute path to the sandbox working directory\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const workDir = await sandbox.getWorkDir();\n   * console.log(`Working directory: ${workDir}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async getWorkDir(): Promise<string> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance;\n    const workDir = await sandbox.getWorkDir();\n    return workDir ?? \"/home/daytona\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the user's home directory path inside the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @returns The absolute path to the user's home directory\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const homeDir = await sandbox.getUserHomeDir();\n   * console.log(`Home directory: ${homeDir}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async getUserHomeDir(): Promise<string> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance;\n    const homeDir = await sandbox.getUserHomeDir();\n    return homeDir ?? \"/home/daytona\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Set the sandbox from an existing Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   * Used internally by the static `connect()` method.\n   */\n  #setFromExisting(\n    daytona: Daytona,\n    existingSandbox: Sandbox,\n    sandboxId: string,\n  ): void {\n    this.#daytona = daytona;\n    this.#sandbox = existingSandbox;\n    this.#id = sandboxId;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Map Daytona SDK errors to standardized FileOperationError codes.\n   *\n   * @param error - The error from the Daytona SDK\n   * @returns A standardized error code\n   */\n  #mapError(error: unknown): FileOperationError {\n    if (error instanceof Error) {\n      const msg = error.message.toLowerCase();\n\n      if (msg.includes(\"not found\") || msg.includes(\"enoent\")) {\n        return \"file_not_found\";\n      }\n      if (msg.includes(\"permission\") || msg.includes(\"eacces\")) {\n        return \"permission_denied\";\n      }\n      if (msg.includes(\"directory\") || msg.includes(\"eisdir\")) {\n        return \"is_directory\";\n      }\n    }\n\n    return \"invalid_path\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create and initialize a new DaytonaSandbox in one step.\n   *\n   * This is the recommended way to create a sandbox. It combines\n   * construction and initialization into a single async operation.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the sandbox\n   * @returns An initialized and ready-to-use sandbox\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({\n   *   language: \"typescript\",\n   *   cpu: 2,\n   *   memory: 4,\n   * });\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async create(\n    options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox(options);\n    await sandbox.initialize();\n    return sandbox;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Delete all sandboxes matching the given labels.\n   *\n   * This is useful for cleaning up stale sandboxes from previous test runs\n   * or CI pipelines that may not have shut down cleanly.\n   *\n   * @param labels - Label key-value pairs to filter sandboxes\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration\n   * @returns The number of sandboxes that were deleted\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Clean up all integration-test sandboxes\n   * const deleted = await DaytonaSandbox.deleteAll({\n   *   purpose: \"integration-test\",\n   *   package: \"@langchain/daytona\",\n   * });\n   * console.log(`Deleted ${deleted} stale sandboxes`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async deleteAll(\n    labels: Record<string, string>,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\" | \"target\">,\n  ): Promise<number> {\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(options?.auth, options?.target);\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    const daytona = new Daytona({\n      apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n      apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n      target: credentials.target,\n    });\n\n    const { items } = await daytona.list(labels);\n\n    const results = await Promise.all(\n      items.map((sandbox) =>\n        daytona\n          .delete(sandbox)\n          .then(() => true)\n          .catch(() => false),\n      ),\n    );\n\n    return results.filter(Boolean).length;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Connect to an existing sandbox by ID.\n   *\n   * This allows you to resume working with a sandbox that was created\n   * earlier or that is still running.\n   *\n   * @param sandboxId - The ID of the sandbox to connect to\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration (for API key)\n   * @returns A connected sandbox instance\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Resume a sandbox from a stored ID\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.connect(\"sandbox-abc123\");\n   * const result = await sandbox.execute(\"ls -la\");\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async fromId(\n    id: string,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\" | \"target\" | \"timeout\">,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    // Get authentication credentials\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(options?.auth, options?.target);\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      const daytona = new Daytona({\n        apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n        apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n        target: credentials.target,\n      });\n\n      const existingSandbox = await daytona.get(id);\n\n      const daytonaSandbox = new DaytonaSandbox(options);\n      // Set the existing sandbox directly (bypass initialize)\n      daytonaSandbox.#setFromExisting(daytona, existingSandbox, id);\n\n      return daytonaSandbox;\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Sandbox not found: ${id}`,\n        \"SANDBOX_NOT_FOUND\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get a running sandbox by name from a deployed app.\n   *\n   * @param name - The name of the sandbox\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration\n   * @returns A connected sandbox instance\n   */\n  static async fromName(\n    name: string,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\">,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    return DaytonaSandbox.fromId(name, options);\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Async factory function type for creating Daytona Sandbox instances.\n *\n * This is similar to BackendFactory but supports async creation,\n * which is required for Daytona Sandbox since initialization is async.\n */\nexport type AsyncDaytonaSandboxFactory = () => Promise<DaytonaSandbox>;\n\n/**\n * Create an async factory function that creates a new Daytona Sandbox per invocation.\n *\n * Each call to the factory will create and initialize a new sandbox.\n * This is useful when you want fresh, isolated environments for each\n * agent invocation.\n *\n * **Important**: This returns an async factory. For use with middleware that\n * requires synchronous BackendFactory, use `createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox()`\n * with a pre-created sandbox instead.\n *\n * @param options - Optional configuration for sandbox creation\n * @returns An async factory function that creates new sandboxes\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { DaytonaSandbox, createDaytonaSandboxFactory } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create a factory for new sandboxes\n * const factory = createDaytonaSandboxFactory({ language: \"typescript\" });\n *\n * // Each call creates a new sandbox\n * const sandbox1 = await factory();\n * const sandbox2 = await factory();\n *\n * try {\n *   // Use sandboxes...\n * } finally {\n *   await sandbox1.close();\n *   await sandbox2.close();\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport function createDaytonaSandboxFactory(\n  options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions,\n): AsyncDaytonaSandboxFactory {\n  return async () => {\n    return await DaytonaSandbox.create(options);\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Create a backend factory that reuses an existing Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * This allows multiple agent invocations to share the same sandbox,\n * avoiding the startup overhead of creating new sandboxes.\n *\n * Important: You are responsible for managing the sandbox lifecycle\n * (calling `close()` when done).\n *\n * @param sandbox - An existing DaytonaSandbox instance (must be initialized)\n * @returns A BackendFactory that returns the provided sandbox\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { createDeepAgent, createFilesystemMiddleware } from \"deepagents\";\n * import { DaytonaSandbox, createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create and initialize a sandbox\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({ language: \"typescript\" });\n *\n * try {\n *   const agent = createDeepAgent({\n *     model: new ChatAnthropic({ model: \"claude-sonnet-4-20250514\" }),\n *     systemPrompt: \"You are a coding assistant.\",\n *     middlewares: [\n *       createFilesystemMiddleware({\n *         backend: createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(sandbox),\n *       }),\n *     ],\n *   });\n *\n *   await agent.invoke({ messages: [...] });\n * } finally {\n *   await sandbox.close();\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport function createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(\n  sandbox: DaytonaSandbox,\n): BackendFactory {\n  return () => 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package/dist/index.d.cts

@@ -92,6 +92,18 @@ interface DaytonaSandboxOptions {
    * @default 15
    */
   autoStopInterval?: number;
+  /**
+   * Auto-archive interval in minutes.
+   *
+   * The sandbox will automatically archive after being stopped for this duration.
+   */
+  autoArchiveInterval?: number;
+  /**
+   * Auto-delete interval in minutes.
+   *
+   * The sandbox will automatically delete after being stopped for this duration.
+   */
+  autoDeleteInterval?: number;
   /**
    * Default timeout for command execution in seconds.
    *

package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -92,6 +92,18 @@ interface DaytonaSandboxOptions {
    * @default 15
    */
   autoStopInterval?: number;
+  /**
+   * Auto-archive interval in minutes.
+   *
+   * The sandbox will automatically archive after being stopped for this duration.
+   */
+  autoArchiveInterval?: number;
+  /**
+   * Auto-delete interval in minutes.
+   *
+   * The sandbox will automatically delete after being stopped for this duration.
+   */
+  autoDeleteInterval?: number;
   /**
    * Default timeout for command execution in seconds.
    *

package/dist/index.js

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import { Daytona } from "@daytonaio/sdk";
 import { BaseSandbox, SandboxError } from "deepagents";
-
 //#region src/auth.ts
 /** Default Daytona API URL */
 const DEFAULT_API_URL = "https://app.daytona.io/api";
@@ -81,7 +80,6 @@ function getAuthCredentials(options, target) {
 		target: target ?? process.env.DAYTONA_TARGET
 	};
 }
-
 //#endregion
 //#region src/types.ts
 /**
@@ -147,7 +145,6 @@ var DaytonaSandboxError = class DaytonaSandboxError extends SandboxError {
 		return typeof error === "object" && error !== null && error[DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] === true;
 	}
 };
-
 //#endregion
 //#region src/sandbox.ts
 /**
@@ -323,6 +320,8 @@ var DaytonaSandbox = class DaytonaSandbox extends BaseSandbox {
 				};
 				if (this.#options.envVars) createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;
 				if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;
+				if (this.#options.autoArchiveInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoArchiveInterval = this.#options.autoArchiveInterval;
+				if (this.#options.autoDeleteInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoDeleteInterval = this.#options.autoDeleteInterval;
 				if (this.#options.labels) createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;
 				if (this.#options.resources) createOptions.resources = this.#options.resources;
 				this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);
@@ -331,6 +330,8 @@ var DaytonaSandbox = class DaytonaSandbox extends BaseSandbox {
 				if (this.#options.snapshot) createOptions.snapshot = this.#options.snapshot;
 				if (this.#options.envVars) createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;
 				if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;
+				if (this.#options.autoArchiveInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoArchiveInterval = this.#options.autoArchiveInterval;
+				if (this.#options.autoDeleteInterval !== void 0) createOptions.autoDeleteInterval = this.#options.autoDeleteInterval;
 				if (this.#options.labels) createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;
 				this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);
 			}
@@ -761,7 +762,7 @@ function createDaytonaSandboxFactory(options) {
 function createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(sandbox) {
 	return () => sandbox;
 }
-
 //#endregion
 export { DaytonaSandbox, DaytonaSandboxError, createDaytonaSandboxFactory, createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox, getAuthApiKey, getAuthApiUrl, getAuthCredentials };
+
 //# sourceMappingURL=index.js.map

package/dist/index.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"index.js","names":["#id","#sandbox","#daytona","#options","#timeout","#uploadInitialFiles","#mapError","#setFromExisting"],"sources":["../src/auth.ts","../src/types.ts","../src/sandbox.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Authentication utilities for Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * This module provides authentication credential resolution for the Daytona SDK.\n *\n * @packageDocumentation\n */\n\nimport type { DaytonaSandboxOptions } from \"./types.js\";\n\n/**\n * Authentication credentials for Daytona API.\n */\nexport interface DaytonaCredentials {\n  /** Daytona API key */\n  apiKey: string;\n\n  /** Daytona API URL */\n  apiUrl: string;\n\n  /** Target region */\n  target?: string;\n}\n\n/** Default Daytona API URL */\nconst DEFAULT_API_URL = \"https://app.daytona.io/api\";\n\n/**\n * Get the API key for Daytona API.\n *\n * Authentication is resolved in the following priority order:\n *\n * 1. **Explicit API key**: If `options.apiKey` is provided, it is used directly.\n * 2. **DAYTONA_API_KEY**: Environment variable for Daytona API key.\n *\n * If no API key is found, an error is thrown with setup instructions.\n *\n * ## Environment Variable Setup\n *\n * ```bash\n * # Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\n * export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\n * ```\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @returns The API key string\n * @throws {Error} If no API key is available\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * // With explicit API key\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey({ apiKey: \"my-api-key\" });\n *\n * // Using environment variables (auto-detected)\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey();\n *\n * // From DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n *   auth: { apiKey: \"my-api-key\" }\n * };\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey(options.auth);\n * ```\n */\nexport function getAuthApiKey(options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"]): string {\n  // Priority 1: Explicit API key in options\n  if (options?.apiKey) {\n    return options.apiKey;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 2: DAYTONA_API_KEY environment variable\n  const apiKey = process.env.DAYTONA_API_KEY;\n  if (apiKey) {\n    return apiKey;\n  }\n\n  // No API key found - throw descriptive error\n  throw new Error(\n    \"Daytona authentication required. Provide an API key using one of these methods:\\n\\n\" +\n      \"1. Set DAYTONA_API_KEY environment variable:\\n\" +\n      \"   Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\\n\" +\n      \"   Run: export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\\n\\n\" +\n      \"2. Pass API key directly in options:\\n\" +\n      \"   new DaytonaSandbox({ auth: { apiKey: '...' } })\",\n  );\n}\n\n/**\n * Get the API URL for Daytona API.\n *\n * URL is resolved in the following priority order:\n *\n * 1. **Explicit API URL**: If `options.apiUrl` is provided, it is used directly.\n * 2. **DAYTONA_API_URL**: Environment variable for Daytona API URL.\n * 3. **Default**: Uses the default Daytona API URL.\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @returns The API URL string\n */\nexport function getAuthApiUrl(options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"]): string {\n  // Priority 1: Explicit API URL in options\n  if (options?.apiUrl) {\n    return options.apiUrl;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 2: DAYTONA_API_URL environment variable\n  const apiUrl = process.env.DAYTONA_API_URL;\n  if (apiUrl) {\n    return apiUrl;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 3: Default URL\n  return DEFAULT_API_URL;\n}\n\n/**\n * Get authentication credentials for Daytona API.\n *\n * This function returns the credentials needed for the Daytona SDK.\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @param target - Optional target region\n * @returns Complete authentication credentials\n * @throws {Error} If no API key is available\n */\nexport function getAuthCredentials(\n  options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"],\n  target?: string,\n): DaytonaCredentials {\n  return {\n    apiKey: getAuthApiKey(options),\n    apiUrl: getAuthApiUrl(options),\n    target: target ?? process.env.DAYTONA_TARGET,\n  };\n}\n","/**\n * Type definitions for the Daytona Sandbox backend.\n *\n * This module contains all type definitions for the @langchain/daytona package,\n * including options and error types.\n */\n\nimport { type SandboxErrorCode, SandboxError } from \"deepagents\";\n\n/**\n * Supported target regions for Daytona sandboxes.\n *\n * - `us`: United States\n * - `eu`: Europe\n */\nexport type DaytonaSandboxTarget = \"us\" | \"eu\";\n\n/**\n * Configuration options for creating a Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n *   language: \"typescript\",\n *   timeout: 300, // 5 minutes\n *   target: \"us\",\n * };\n * ```\n */\nexport interface DaytonaSandboxOptions {\n  /**\n   * Primary language for code execution in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Determines the runtime environment and code execution tooling.\n   *\n   * @default \"typescript\"\n   */\n  language?: \"typescript\" | \"python\" | \"javascript\";\n\n  /**\n   * Custom environment variables to set in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * These variables will be available to all commands and code executed\n   * in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * envVars: {\n   *   NODE_ENV: \"development\",\n   *   API_KEY: \"secret\"\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Resource allocation for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specifying resources, you must also specify an `image`.\n   * Resources cannot be customized when using the default snapshot-based sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * resources: { cpu: 2, memory: 4, disk: 20 }\n   * ```\n   */\n  resources?: {\n    /** Number of CPUs to allocate */\n    cpu?: number;\n    /** Amount of memory in GiB */\n    memory?: number;\n    /** Amount of disk space in GiB */\n    disk?: number;\n  };\n\n  /**\n   * Custom Docker image to use for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specified, creates a sandbox from this image instead of the default snapshot.\n   * This is required when you want to customize resources.\n   *\n   * @example \"node:20\" or \"python:3.12\"\n   */\n  image?: string;\n\n  /**\n   * Snapshot name to use for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specified, creates a sandbox from this snapshot.\n   * Cannot be used together with `image`.\n   */\n  snapshot?: string;\n\n  /**\n   * Target region where the sandbox will be created.\n   *\n   * @default \"us\"\n   */\n  target?: DaytonaSandboxTarget;\n\n  /**\n   * Auto-stop interval in minutes.\n   *\n   * The sandbox will automatically stop after being idle for this duration.\n   * Set to 0 to disable auto-stop.\n   *\n   * @default 15\n   */\n  autoStopInterval?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Default timeout for command execution in seconds.\n   *\n   * @default 300 (5 minutes)\n   */\n  timeout?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Custom labels to attach to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Labels can be used for organizing and filtering sandboxes.\n   */\n  labels?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Initial files to create in the sandbox after initialization.\n   *\n   * A map of file paths to their contents. Files will be created\n   * in the sandbox filesystem before any commands are executed.\n   * Parent directories are created automatically.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n   *   language: \"typescript\",\n   *   initialFiles: {\n   *     \"/app/index.js\": \"console.log('Hello')\",\n   *     \"/app/package.json\": '{\"name\": \"test\"}',\n   *   },\n   * };\n   * ```\n   */\n  initialFiles?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Authentication configuration for Daytona API.\n   *\n   * ### Environment Variable Setup\n   *\n   * ```bash\n   * # Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\n   * export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\n   * ```\n   *\n   * Or pass the API key directly in this auth configuration.\n   */\n  auth?: {\n    /**\n     * Daytona API key.\n     * If not provided, reads from `DAYTONA_API_KEY` environment variable.\n     */\n    apiKey?: string;\n\n    /**\n     * Daytona API URL.\n     * If not provided, reads from `DAYTONA_API_URL` environment variable\n     * or uses the default Daytona API URL.\n     *\n     * @default \"https://app.daytona.io/api\"\n     */\n    apiUrl?: string;\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Error codes for Daytona Sandbox operations.\n *\n * Used to identify specific error conditions and handle them appropriately.\n */\nexport type DaytonaSandboxErrorCode =\n  | SandboxErrorCode\n  /** Authentication failed - check API key configuration */\n  | \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\"\n  /** Failed to create sandbox - check options and quotas */\n  | \"SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED\"\n  /** Sandbox not found - may have been deleted or expired */\n  | \"SANDBOX_NOT_FOUND\"\n  /** Sandbox is not in started state */\n  | \"SANDBOX_NOT_STARTED\"\n  /** Resource limits exceeded (CPU, memory, storage) */\n  | \"RESOURCE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED\";\n\nconst DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL = Symbol.for(\"daytona.sandbox.error\");\n\n/**\n * Custom error class for Daytona Sandbox operations.\n *\n * Provides structured error information including:\n * - Human-readable message\n * - Error code for programmatic handling\n * - Original cause for debugging\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * try {\n *   await sandbox.execute(\"some command\");\n * } catch (error) {\n *   if (error instanceof DaytonaSandboxError) {\n *     switch (error.code) {\n *       case \"NOT_INITIALIZED\":\n *         await sandbox.initialize();\n *         break;\n *       case \"COMMAND_TIMEOUT\":\n *         console.error(\"Command took too long\");\n *         break;\n *       default:\n *         throw error;\n *     }\n *   }\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport class DaytonaSandboxError extends SandboxError {\n  /** Symbol for identifying sandbox error instances */\n  [DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] = true as const;\n\n  /** Error name for instanceof checks and logging */\n  override readonly name = \"DaytonaSandboxError\";\n\n  /**\n   * Creates a new DaytonaSandboxError.\n   *\n   * @param message - Human-readable error description\n   * @param code - Structured error code for programmatic handling\n   * @param cause - Original error that caused this error (for debugging)\n   */\n  constructor(\n    message: string,\n    public readonly code: DaytonaSandboxErrorCode,\n    public override readonly cause?: Error,\n  ) {\n    super(message, code as SandboxErrorCode, cause);\n    // Maintain proper prototype chain for instanceof checks\n    Object.setPrototypeOf(this, DaytonaSandboxError.prototype);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Checks if the error is an instance of DaytonaSandboxError.\n   *\n   * @param error - The error to check\n   * @returns True if the error is an instance of DaytonaSandboxError, false otherwise\n   */\n  static isInstance(error: unknown): error is DaytonaSandboxError {\n    return (\n      typeof error === \"object\" &&\n      error !== null &&\n      (error as Record<symbol, unknown>)[DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] === true\n    );\n  }\n}\n","/* eslint-disable no-instanceof/no-instanceof */\n/**\n * Daytona Sandbox implementation of the SandboxBackendProtocol.\n *\n * This module provides a Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents, enabling agents\n * to execute commands, read/write files, and manage isolated sandbox environments\n * using Daytona's infrastructure.\n *\n * @packageDocumentation\n */\n\nimport { Daytona, type Sandbox } from \"@daytonaio/sdk\";\nimport {\n  BaseSandbox,\n  type ExecuteResponse,\n  type FileDownloadResponse,\n  type FileOperationError,\n  type FileUploadResponse,\n  type BackendFactory,\n} from \"deepagents\";\n\nimport { getAuthCredentials } from \"./auth.js\";\nimport { DaytonaSandboxError, type DaytonaSandboxOptions } from \"./types.js\";\n\n/**\n * Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents.\n *\n * Extends `BaseSandbox` to provide command execution, file operations, and\n * sandbox lifecycle management using Daytona's SDK.\n *\n * ## Basic Usage\n *\n * ```typescript\n * import { DaytonaSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create and initialize a sandbox\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({\n *   language: \"typescript\",\n *   timeout: 300,\n * });\n *\n * try {\n *   // Execute commands\n *   const result = await sandbox.execute(\"node --version\");\n *   console.log(result.output);\n * } finally {\n *   // Always cleanup\n *   await sandbox.close();\n * }\n * ```\n *\n * ## Using with DeepAgent\n *\n * ```typescript\n * import { createDeepAgent } from \"deepagents\";\n * import { DaytonaSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n *\n * const agent = createDeepAgent({\n *   model: new ChatAnthropic({ model: \"claude-sonnet-4-20250514\" }),\n *   systemPrompt: \"You are a coding assistant with sandbox access.\",\n *   backend: sandbox,\n * });\n * ```\n */\nexport class DaytonaSandbox extends BaseSandbox {\n  /** Private reference to the Daytona client */\n  #daytona: Daytona | null = null;\n\n  /** Private reference to the underlying Daytona Sandbox instance */\n  #sandbox: Sandbox | null = null;\n\n  /** Configuration options for this sandbox */\n  #options: DaytonaSandboxOptions;\n\n  /** Unique identifier for this sandbox instance */\n  #id: string;\n\n  /** Default timeout for command execution in seconds */\n  #timeout: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Get the unique identifier for this sandbox.\n   *\n   * Before initialization, returns a temporary ID.\n   * After initialization, returns the actual Daytona sandbox ID.\n   */\n  get id(): string {\n    return this.#id;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the underlying Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the sandbox is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n   * const daytonaSdk = sandbox.sandbox; // Access the raw SDK\n   * ```\n   */\n  get instance(): Sandbox {\n    if (!this.#sandbox) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Sandbox not initialized. Call initialize() or use DaytonaSandbox.create()\",\n        \"NOT_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n    return this.#sandbox;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the underlying Daytona client instance.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the client is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n   * const daytonaClient = sandbox.client; // Access the raw Daytona client\n   * ```\n   */\n  get client(): Daytona {\n    if (!this.#daytona) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Daytona client not initialized. Call initialize() or use DaytonaSandbox.create()\",\n        \"NOT_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n    return this.#daytona;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Check if the sandbox is initialized and running.\n   */\n  get isRunning(): boolean {\n    return this.#sandbox !== null;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create a new DaytonaSandbox instance.\n   *\n   * Note: This only creates the instance. Call `initialize()` to actually\n   * create the Daytona Sandbox, or use the static `DaytonaSandbox.create()` method.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the sandbox\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Two-step initialization\n   * const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox({ language: \"typescript\" });\n   * await sandbox.initialize();\n   *\n   * // Or use the factory method\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({ language: \"typescript\" });\n   * ```\n   */\n  constructor(options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {}) {\n    super();\n\n    // Set defaults\n    this.#options = {\n      language: \"typescript\",\n      timeout: 300,\n      ...options,\n    };\n\n    this.#timeout = this.#options.timeout ?? 300;\n\n    // Generate temporary ID until initialized\n    this.#id = `daytona-sandbox-${Date.now()}`;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Initialize the sandbox by creating a new Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   *\n   * This method authenticates with Daytona and provisions a new sandbox.\n   * After initialization, the `id` property will reflect the actual sandbox ID.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If already initialized (`ALREADY_INITIALIZED`)\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If authentication fails (`AUTHENTICATION_FAILED`)\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If sandbox creation fails (`SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED`)\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox();\n   * await sandbox.initialize();\n   * console.log(`Sandbox ID: ${sandbox.id}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async initialize(): Promise<void> {\n    // Prevent double initialization\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Sandbox is already initialized. Each DaytonaSandbox instance can only be initialized once.\",\n        \"ALREADY_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n\n    // Get authentication credentials\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(\n        this.#options.auth,\n        this.#options.target,\n      );\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      // Create Daytona client\n      this.#daytona = new Daytona({\n        apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n        apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n        target: credentials.target,\n      });\n\n      // Determine if we're creating from image or snapshot\n      if (this.#options.image) {\n        // Create from image (allows custom resources)\n        const createOptions: {\n          image: string;\n          language?: string;\n          envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n          autoStopInterval?: number;\n          labels?: Record<string, string>;\n          resources?: { cpu?: number; memory?: number; disk?: number };\n        } = {\n          image: this.#options.image,\n          language: this.#options.language ?? \"typescript\",\n        };\n\n        if (this.#options.envVars) {\n          createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.labels) {\n          createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.resources) {\n          createOptions.resources = this.#options.resources;\n        }\n\n        // Create the sandbox from image\n        this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);\n      } else {\n        // Create from snapshot (default, simpler approach)\n        const createOptions: {\n          language?: string;\n          snapshot?: string;\n          envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n          autoStopInterval?: number;\n          labels?: Record<string, string>;\n        } = {\n          language: this.#options.language ?? \"typescript\",\n        };\n\n        if (this.#options.snapshot) {\n          createOptions.snapshot = this.#options.snapshot;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.envVars) {\n          createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.labels) {\n          createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;\n        }\n\n        // Create the sandbox from snapshot\n        this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);\n      }\n\n      // Update ID to the actual sandbox ID\n      this.#id = this.#sandbox.id;\n\n      // Upload initial files if provided\n      if (this.#options.initialFiles) {\n        await this.#uploadInitialFiles(this.#options.initialFiles);\n      }\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Failed to create Daytona Sandbox: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,\n        \"SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Upload initial files to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @param files - A map of file paths to their string contents\n   */\n  async #uploadInitialFiles(files: Record<string, string>): Promise<void> {\n    const encoder = new TextEncoder();\n    const fileEntries: Array<[string, Uint8Array]> = Object.entries(files).map(\n      ([path, content]) => [path, encoder.encode(content)],\n    );\n\n    const results = await this.uploadFiles(fileEntries);\n\n    // Check for any errors during upload\n    const errors = results.filter((r) => r.error !== null);\n    if (errors.length > 0) {\n      const errorPaths = errors.map((e) => `${e.path}: ${e.error}`).join(\", \");\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Failed to upload initial files: ${errorPaths}`,\n        \"FILE_OPERATION_FAILED\",\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Execute a command in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Commands are run using the sandbox's shell.\n   *\n   * @param command - The shell command to execute\n   * @returns Execution result with output, exit code, and truncation flag\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the sandbox is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const result = await sandbox.execute(\"echo 'Hello World'\");\n   * console.log(result.output); // \"Hello World\\n\"\n   * console.log(result.exitCode); // 0\n   * ```\n   */\n  async execute(command: string): Promise<ExecuteResponse> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n\n    try {\n      const response = await sandbox.process.executeCommand(\n        command,\n        undefined,\n        undefined,\n        this.#timeout,\n      );\n\n      return {\n        output: response.result ?? \"\",\n        exitCode: response.exitCode ?? 0,\n        truncated: false,\n      };\n    } catch (error) {\n      // Check for timeout\n      if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes(\"timeout\")) {\n        throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n          `Command timed out: ${command}`,\n          \"COMMAND_TIMEOUT\",\n          error,\n        );\n      }\n\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Command execution failed: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,\n        \"COMMAND_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Upload files to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Files are written to the sandbox filesystem. Parent directories are\n   * created automatically if they don't exist.\n   *\n   * @param files - Array of [path, content] tuples to upload\n   * @returns Upload result for each file, with success or error status\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const encoder = new TextEncoder();\n   * const results = await sandbox.uploadFiles([\n   *   [\"src/index.js\", encoder.encode(\"console.log('Hello')\")],\n   *   [\"package.json\", encoder.encode('{\"name\": \"test\"}')],\n   * ]);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async uploadFiles(\n    files: Array<[string, Uint8Array]>,\n  ): Promise<FileUploadResponse[]> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n    const results: FileUploadResponse[] = [];\n\n    for (const [path, content] of files) {\n      try {\n        // Ensure parent directory exists\n        const parentDir = path.substring(0, path.lastIndexOf(\"/\"));\n        if (parentDir) {\n          await sandbox.fs.createFolder(parentDir, \"755\");\n        }\n\n        // Upload the file content\n        const buffer = Buffer.from(content);\n        await sandbox.fs.uploadFile(buffer, path);\n        results.push({ path, error: null });\n      } catch (error) {\n        results.push({ path, error: this.#mapError(error) });\n      }\n    }\n\n    return results;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Download files from the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Each file is read individually, allowing partial success when some\n   * files exist and others don't.\n   *\n   * @param paths - Array of file paths to download\n   * @returns Download result for each file, with content or error\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const results = await sandbox.downloadFiles([\"src/index.js\", \"missing.txt\"]);\n   * for (const result of results) {\n   *   if (result.content) {\n   *     console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(result.content));\n   *   } else {\n   *     console.error(`Error: ${result.error}`);\n   *   }\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  async downloadFiles(paths: string[]): Promise<FileDownloadResponse[]> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n    const results: FileDownloadResponse[] = [];\n\n    for (const path of paths) {\n      try {\n        const buffer = await sandbox.fs.downloadFile(path);\n        results.push({\n          path,\n          content: new Uint8Array(buffer),\n          error: null,\n        });\n      } catch (error) {\n        results.push({\n          path,\n          content: null,\n          error: this.#mapError(error),\n        });\n      }\n    }\n\n    return results;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Close the sandbox and release all resources.\n   *\n   * After closing, the sandbox cannot be used again. The sandbox is deleted\n   * from Daytona's infrastructure.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * try {\n   *   await sandbox.execute(\"npm run build\");\n   * } finally {\n   *   await sandbox.close();\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  async close(): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      try {\n        await this.#sandbox.delete();\n      } finally {\n        this.#sandbox = null;\n        this.#daytona = null;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Stop the sandbox without deleting it.\n   *\n   * The sandbox can be restarted later using `start()`.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.stop();\n   * // Later...\n   * await sandbox.start();\n   * ```\n   */\n  async stop(): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      await this.#sandbox.stop();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Start a stopped sandbox.\n   *\n   * @param timeout - Maximum time to wait in seconds (default: 60)\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.start();\n   * console.log(\"Sandbox is now running\");\n   * ```\n   */\n  async start(timeout: number = 60): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      await this.#sandbox.start(timeout);\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Forcefully terminate and delete the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Use this when you need to immediately stop the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.kill();\n   * ```\n   */\n  async kill(): Promise<void> {\n    await this.close();\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the working directory path inside the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @returns The absolute path to the sandbox working directory\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const workDir = await sandbox.getWorkDir();\n   * console.log(`Working directory: ${workDir}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async getWorkDir(): Promise<string> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance;\n    const workDir = await sandbox.getWorkDir();\n    return workDir ?? \"/home/daytona\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the user's home directory path inside the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @returns The absolute path to the user's home directory\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const homeDir = await sandbox.getUserHomeDir();\n   * console.log(`Home directory: ${homeDir}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async getUserHomeDir(): Promise<string> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance;\n    const homeDir = await sandbox.getUserHomeDir();\n    return homeDir ?? \"/home/daytona\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Set the sandbox from an existing Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   * Used internally by the static `connect()` method.\n   */\n  #setFromExisting(\n    daytona: Daytona,\n    existingSandbox: Sandbox,\n    sandboxId: string,\n  ): void {\n    this.#daytona = daytona;\n    this.#sandbox = existingSandbox;\n    this.#id = sandboxId;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Map Daytona SDK errors to standardized FileOperationError codes.\n   *\n   * @param error - The error from the Daytona SDK\n   * @returns A standardized error code\n   */\n  #mapError(error: unknown): FileOperationError {\n    if (error instanceof Error) {\n      const msg = error.message.toLowerCase();\n\n      if (msg.includes(\"not found\") || msg.includes(\"enoent\")) {\n        return \"file_not_found\";\n      }\n      if (msg.includes(\"permission\") || msg.includes(\"eacces\")) {\n        return \"permission_denied\";\n      }\n      if (msg.includes(\"directory\") || msg.includes(\"eisdir\")) {\n        return \"is_directory\";\n      }\n    }\n\n    return \"invalid_path\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create and initialize a new DaytonaSandbox in one step.\n   *\n   * This is the recommended way to create a sandbox. It combines\n   * construction and initialization into a single async operation.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the sandbox\n   * @returns An initialized and ready-to-use sandbox\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({\n   *   language: \"typescript\",\n   *   cpu: 2,\n   *   memory: 4,\n   * });\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async create(\n    options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox(options);\n    await sandbox.initialize();\n    return sandbox;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Delete all sandboxes matching the given labels.\n   *\n   * This is useful for cleaning up stale sandboxes from previous test runs\n   * or CI pipelines that may not have shut down cleanly.\n   *\n   * @param labels - Label key-value pairs to filter sandboxes\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration\n   * @returns The number of sandboxes that were deleted\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Clean up all integration-test sandboxes\n   * const deleted = await DaytonaSandbox.deleteAll({\n   *   purpose: \"integration-test\",\n   *   package: \"@langchain/daytona\",\n   * });\n   * console.log(`Deleted ${deleted} stale sandboxes`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async deleteAll(\n    labels: Record<string, string>,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\" | \"target\">,\n  ): Promise<number> {\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(options?.auth, options?.target);\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    const daytona = new Daytona({\n      apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n      apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n      target: credentials.target,\n    });\n\n    const { items } = await daytona.list(labels);\n\n    const results = await Promise.all(\n      items.map((sandbox) =>\n        daytona\n          .delete(sandbox)\n          .then(() => true)\n          .catch(() => false),\n      ),\n    );\n\n    return results.filter(Boolean).length;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Connect to an existing sandbox by ID.\n   *\n   * This allows you to resume working with a sandbox that was created\n   * earlier or that is still running.\n   *\n   * @param sandboxId - The ID of the sandbox to connect to\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration (for API key)\n   * @returns A connected sandbox instance\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Resume a sandbox from a stored ID\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.connect(\"sandbox-abc123\");\n   * const result = await sandbox.execute(\"ls -la\");\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async fromId(\n    id: string,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\" | \"target\" | \"timeout\">,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    // Get authentication credentials\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(options?.auth, options?.target);\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      const daytona = new Daytona({\n        apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n        apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n        target: credentials.target,\n      });\n\n      const existingSandbox = await daytona.get(id);\n\n      const daytonaSandbox = new DaytonaSandbox(options);\n      // Set the existing sandbox directly (bypass initialize)\n      daytonaSandbox.#setFromExisting(daytona, existingSandbox, id);\n\n      return daytonaSandbox;\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Sandbox not found: ${id}`,\n        \"SANDBOX_NOT_FOUND\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get a running sandbox by name from a deployed app.\n   *\n   * @param name - The name of the sandbox\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration\n   * @returns A connected sandbox instance\n   */\n  static async fromName(\n    name: string,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\">,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    return DaytonaSandbox.fromId(name, options);\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Async factory function type for creating Daytona Sandbox instances.\n *\n * This is similar to BackendFactory but supports async creation,\n * which is required for Daytona Sandbox since initialization is async.\n */\nexport type AsyncDaytonaSandboxFactory = () => Promise<DaytonaSandbox>;\n\n/**\n * Create an async factory function that creates a new Daytona Sandbox per invocation.\n *\n * Each call to the factory will create and initialize a new sandbox.\n * This is useful when you want fresh, isolated environments for each\n * agent invocation.\n *\n * **Important**: This returns an async factory. For use with middleware that\n * requires synchronous BackendFactory, use `createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox()`\n * with a pre-created sandbox instead.\n *\n * @param options - Optional configuration for sandbox creation\n * @returns An async factory function that creates new sandboxes\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { DaytonaSandbox, createDaytonaSandboxFactory } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create a factory for new sandboxes\n * const factory = createDaytonaSandboxFactory({ language: \"typescript\" });\n *\n * // Each call creates a new sandbox\n * const sandbox1 = await factory();\n * const sandbox2 = await factory();\n *\n * try {\n *   // Use sandboxes...\n * } finally {\n *   await sandbox1.close();\n *   await sandbox2.close();\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport function createDaytonaSandboxFactory(\n  options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions,\n): AsyncDaytonaSandboxFactory {\n  return async () => {\n    return await DaytonaSandbox.create(options);\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Create a backend factory that reuses an existing Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * This allows multiple agent invocations to share the same sandbox,\n * avoiding the startup overhead of creating new sandboxes.\n *\n * Important: You are responsible for managing the sandbox lifecycle\n * (calling `close()` when done).\n *\n * @param sandbox - An existing DaytonaSandbox instance (must be initialized)\n * @returns A BackendFactory that returns the provided sandbox\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { createDeepAgent, createFilesystemMiddleware } from \"deepagents\";\n * import { DaytonaSandbox, createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create and initialize a sandbox\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({ language: \"typescript\" });\n *\n * try {\n *   const agent = createDeepAgent({\n *     model: new ChatAnthropic({ model: \"claude-sonnet-4-20250514\" }),\n *     systemPrompt: \"You are a coding assistant.\",\n *     middlewares: [\n *       createFilesystemMiddleware({\n *         backend: createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(sandbox),\n *       }),\n *     ],\n *   });\n *\n *   await agent.invoke({ messages: [...] });\n * } finally {\n *   await sandbox.close();\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport function createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(\n  sandbox: DaytonaSandbox,\n): BackendFactory {\n  return () => 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+{"version":3,"file":"index.js","names":["#id","#sandbox","#daytona","#options","#timeout","#uploadInitialFiles","#mapError","#setFromExisting"],"sources":["../src/auth.ts","../src/types.ts","../src/sandbox.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * Authentication utilities for Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * This module provides authentication credential resolution for the Daytona SDK.\n *\n * @packageDocumentation\n */\n\nimport type { DaytonaSandboxOptions } from \"./types.js\";\n\n/**\n * Authentication credentials for Daytona API.\n */\nexport interface DaytonaCredentials {\n  /** Daytona API key */\n  apiKey: string;\n\n  /** Daytona API URL */\n  apiUrl: string;\n\n  /** Target region */\n  target?: string;\n}\n\n/** Default Daytona API URL */\nconst DEFAULT_API_URL = \"https://app.daytona.io/api\";\n\n/**\n * Get the API key for Daytona API.\n *\n * Authentication is resolved in the following priority order:\n *\n * 1. **Explicit API key**: If `options.apiKey` is provided, it is used directly.\n * 2. **DAYTONA_API_KEY**: Environment variable for Daytona API key.\n *\n * If no API key is found, an error is thrown with setup instructions.\n *\n * ## Environment Variable Setup\n *\n * ```bash\n * # Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\n * export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\n * ```\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @returns The API key string\n * @throws {Error} If no API key is available\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * // With explicit API key\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey({ apiKey: \"my-api-key\" });\n *\n * // Using environment variables (auto-detected)\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey();\n *\n * // From DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n *   auth: { apiKey: \"my-api-key\" }\n * };\n * const apiKey = getAuthApiKey(options.auth);\n * ```\n */\nexport function getAuthApiKey(options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"]): string {\n  // Priority 1: Explicit API key in options\n  if (options?.apiKey) {\n    return options.apiKey;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 2: DAYTONA_API_KEY environment variable\n  const apiKey = process.env.DAYTONA_API_KEY;\n  if (apiKey) {\n    return apiKey;\n  }\n\n  // No API key found - throw descriptive error\n  throw new Error(\n    \"Daytona authentication required. Provide an API key using one of these methods:\\n\\n\" +\n      \"1. Set DAYTONA_API_KEY environment variable:\\n\" +\n      \"   Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\\n\" +\n      \"   Run: export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\\n\\n\" +\n      \"2. Pass API key directly in options:\\n\" +\n      \"   new DaytonaSandbox({ auth: { apiKey: '...' } })\",\n  );\n}\n\n/**\n * Get the API URL for Daytona API.\n *\n * URL is resolved in the following priority order:\n *\n * 1. **Explicit API URL**: If `options.apiUrl` is provided, it is used directly.\n * 2. **DAYTONA_API_URL**: Environment variable for Daytona API URL.\n * 3. **Default**: Uses the default Daytona API URL.\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @returns The API URL string\n */\nexport function getAuthApiUrl(options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"]): string {\n  // Priority 1: Explicit API URL in options\n  if (options?.apiUrl) {\n    return options.apiUrl;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 2: DAYTONA_API_URL environment variable\n  const apiUrl = process.env.DAYTONA_API_URL;\n  if (apiUrl) {\n    return apiUrl;\n  }\n\n  // Priority 3: Default URL\n  return DEFAULT_API_URL;\n}\n\n/**\n * Get authentication credentials for Daytona API.\n *\n * This function returns the credentials needed for the Daytona SDK.\n *\n * @param options - Optional authentication configuration from DaytonaSandboxOptions\n * @param target - Optional target region\n * @returns Complete authentication credentials\n * @throws {Error} If no API key is available\n */\nexport function getAuthCredentials(\n  options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions[\"auth\"],\n  target?: string,\n): DaytonaCredentials {\n  return {\n    apiKey: getAuthApiKey(options),\n    apiUrl: getAuthApiUrl(options),\n    target: target ?? process.env.DAYTONA_TARGET,\n  };\n}\n","/**\n * Type definitions for the Daytona Sandbox backend.\n *\n * This module contains all type definitions for the @langchain/daytona package,\n * including options and error types.\n */\n\nimport { type SandboxErrorCode, SandboxError } from \"deepagents\";\n\n/**\n * Supported target regions for Daytona sandboxes.\n *\n * - `us`: United States\n * - `eu`: Europe\n */\nexport type DaytonaSandboxTarget = \"us\" | \"eu\";\n\n/**\n * Configuration options for creating a Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n *   language: \"typescript\",\n *   timeout: 300, // 5 minutes\n *   target: \"us\",\n * };\n * ```\n */\nexport interface DaytonaSandboxOptions {\n  /**\n   * Primary language for code execution in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Determines the runtime environment and code execution tooling.\n   *\n   * @default \"typescript\"\n   */\n  language?: \"typescript\" | \"python\" | \"javascript\";\n\n  /**\n   * Custom environment variables to set in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * These variables will be available to all commands and code executed\n   * in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * envVars: {\n   *   NODE_ENV: \"development\",\n   *   API_KEY: \"secret\"\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Resource allocation for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specifying resources, you must also specify an `image`.\n   * Resources cannot be customized when using the default snapshot-based sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * resources: { cpu: 2, memory: 4, disk: 20 }\n   * ```\n   */\n  resources?: {\n    /** Number of CPUs to allocate */\n    cpu?: number;\n    /** Amount of memory in GiB */\n    memory?: number;\n    /** Amount of disk space in GiB */\n    disk?: number;\n  };\n\n  /**\n   * Custom Docker image to use for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specified, creates a sandbox from this image instead of the default snapshot.\n   * This is required when you want to customize resources.\n   *\n   * @example \"node:20\" or \"python:3.12\"\n   */\n  image?: string;\n\n  /**\n   * Snapshot name to use for the sandbox.\n   *\n   * When specified, creates a sandbox from this snapshot.\n   * Cannot be used together with `image`.\n   */\n  snapshot?: string;\n\n  /**\n   * Target region where the sandbox will be created.\n   *\n   * @default \"us\"\n   */\n  target?: DaytonaSandboxTarget;\n\n  /**\n   * Auto-stop interval in minutes.\n   *\n   * The sandbox will automatically stop after being idle for this duration.\n   * Set to 0 to disable auto-stop.\n   *\n   * @default 15\n   */\n  autoStopInterval?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Auto-archive interval in minutes.\n   *\n   * The sandbox will automatically archive after being stopped for this duration.\n   */\n  autoArchiveInterval?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Auto-delete interval in minutes.\n   *\n   * The sandbox will automatically delete after being stopped for this duration.\n   */\n  autoDeleteInterval?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Default timeout for command execution in seconds.\n   *\n   * @default 300 (5 minutes)\n   */\n  timeout?: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Custom labels to attach to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Labels can be used for organizing and filtering sandboxes.\n   */\n  labels?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Initial files to create in the sandbox after initialization.\n   *\n   * A map of file paths to their contents. Files will be created\n   * in the sandbox filesystem before any commands are executed.\n   * Parent directories are created automatically.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {\n   *   language: \"typescript\",\n   *   initialFiles: {\n   *     \"/app/index.js\": \"console.log('Hello')\",\n   *     \"/app/package.json\": '{\"name\": \"test\"}',\n   *   },\n   * };\n   * ```\n   */\n  initialFiles?: Record<string, string>;\n\n  /**\n   * Authentication configuration for Daytona API.\n   *\n   * ### Environment Variable Setup\n   *\n   * ```bash\n   * # Get your API key from https://app.daytona.io\n   * export DAYTONA_API_KEY=your_api_key_here\n   * ```\n   *\n   * Or pass the API key directly in this auth configuration.\n   */\n  auth?: {\n    /**\n     * Daytona API key.\n     * If not provided, reads from `DAYTONA_API_KEY` environment variable.\n     */\n    apiKey?: string;\n\n    /**\n     * Daytona API URL.\n     * If not provided, reads from `DAYTONA_API_URL` environment variable\n     * or uses the default Daytona API URL.\n     *\n     * @default \"https://app.daytona.io/api\"\n     */\n    apiUrl?: string;\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Error codes for Daytona Sandbox operations.\n *\n * Used to identify specific error conditions and handle them appropriately.\n */\nexport type DaytonaSandboxErrorCode =\n  | SandboxErrorCode\n  /** Authentication failed - check API key configuration */\n  | \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\"\n  /** Failed to create sandbox - check options and quotas */\n  | \"SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED\"\n  /** Sandbox not found - may have been deleted or expired */\n  | \"SANDBOX_NOT_FOUND\"\n  /** Sandbox is not in started state */\n  | \"SANDBOX_NOT_STARTED\"\n  /** Resource limits exceeded (CPU, memory, storage) */\n  | \"RESOURCE_LIMIT_EXCEEDED\";\n\nconst DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL = Symbol.for(\"daytona.sandbox.error\");\n\n/**\n * Custom error class for Daytona Sandbox operations.\n *\n * Provides structured error information including:\n * - Human-readable message\n * - Error code for programmatic handling\n * - Original cause for debugging\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * try {\n *   await sandbox.execute(\"some command\");\n * } catch (error) {\n *   if (error instanceof DaytonaSandboxError) {\n *     switch (error.code) {\n *       case \"NOT_INITIALIZED\":\n *         await sandbox.initialize();\n *         break;\n *       case \"COMMAND_TIMEOUT\":\n *         console.error(\"Command took too long\");\n *         break;\n *       default:\n *         throw error;\n *     }\n *   }\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport class DaytonaSandboxError extends SandboxError {\n  /** Symbol for identifying sandbox error instances */\n  [DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] = true as const;\n\n  /** Error name for instanceof checks and logging */\n  override readonly name = \"DaytonaSandboxError\";\n\n  /**\n   * Creates a new DaytonaSandboxError.\n   *\n   * @param message - Human-readable error description\n   * @param code - Structured error code for programmatic handling\n   * @param cause - Original error that caused this error (for debugging)\n   */\n  constructor(\n    message: string,\n    public readonly code: DaytonaSandboxErrorCode,\n    public override readonly cause?: Error,\n  ) {\n    super(message, code as SandboxErrorCode, cause);\n    // Maintain proper prototype chain for instanceof checks\n    Object.setPrototypeOf(this, DaytonaSandboxError.prototype);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Checks if the error is an instance of DaytonaSandboxError.\n   *\n   * @param error - The error to check\n   * @returns True if the error is an instance of DaytonaSandboxError, false otherwise\n   */\n  static isInstance(error: unknown): error is DaytonaSandboxError {\n    return (\n      typeof error === \"object\" &&\n      error !== null &&\n      (error as Record<symbol, unknown>)[DAYTONA_SANDBOX_ERROR_SYMBOL] === true\n    );\n  }\n}\n","/* oxlint-disable no-instanceof/no-instanceof */\n/**\n * Daytona Sandbox implementation of the SandboxBackendProtocol.\n *\n * This module provides a Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents, enabling agents\n * to execute commands, read/write files, and manage isolated sandbox environments\n * using Daytona's infrastructure.\n *\n * @packageDocumentation\n */\n\nimport { Daytona, type Sandbox } from \"@daytonaio/sdk\";\nimport {\n  BaseSandbox,\n  type ExecuteResponse,\n  type FileDownloadResponse,\n  type FileOperationError,\n  type FileUploadResponse,\n  type BackendFactory,\n} from \"deepagents\";\n\nimport { getAuthCredentials } from \"./auth.js\";\nimport { DaytonaSandboxError, type DaytonaSandboxOptions } from \"./types.js\";\n\n/**\n * Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents.\n *\n * Extends `BaseSandbox` to provide command execution, file operations, and\n * sandbox lifecycle management using Daytona's SDK.\n *\n * ## Basic Usage\n *\n * ```typescript\n * import { DaytonaSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create and initialize a sandbox\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({\n *   language: \"typescript\",\n *   timeout: 300,\n * });\n *\n * try {\n *   // Execute commands\n *   const result = await sandbox.execute(\"node --version\");\n *   console.log(result.output);\n * } finally {\n *   // Always cleanup\n *   await sandbox.close();\n * }\n * ```\n *\n * ## Using with DeepAgent\n *\n * ```typescript\n * import { createDeepAgent } from \"deepagents\";\n * import { DaytonaSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n *\n * const agent = createDeepAgent({\n *   model: new ChatAnthropic({ model: \"claude-sonnet-4-20250514\" }),\n *   systemPrompt: \"You are a coding assistant with sandbox access.\",\n *   backend: sandbox,\n * });\n * ```\n */\nexport class DaytonaSandbox extends BaseSandbox {\n  /** Private reference to the Daytona client */\n  #daytona: Daytona | null = null;\n\n  /** Private reference to the underlying Daytona Sandbox instance */\n  #sandbox: Sandbox | null = null;\n\n  /** Configuration options for this sandbox */\n  #options: DaytonaSandboxOptions;\n\n  /** Unique identifier for this sandbox instance */\n  #id: string;\n\n  /** Default timeout for command execution in seconds */\n  #timeout: number;\n\n  /**\n   * Get the unique identifier for this sandbox.\n   *\n   * Before initialization, returns a temporary ID.\n   * After initialization, returns the actual Daytona sandbox ID.\n   */\n  get id(): string {\n    return this.#id;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the underlying Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the sandbox is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n   * const daytonaSdk = sandbox.sandbox; // Access the raw SDK\n   * ```\n   */\n  get instance(): Sandbox {\n    if (!this.#sandbox) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Sandbox not initialized. Call initialize() or use DaytonaSandbox.create()\",\n        \"NOT_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n    return this.#sandbox;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the underlying Daytona client instance.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the client is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create();\n   * const daytonaClient = sandbox.client; // Access the raw Daytona client\n   * ```\n   */\n  get client(): Daytona {\n    if (!this.#daytona) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Daytona client not initialized. Call initialize() or use DaytonaSandbox.create()\",\n        \"NOT_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n    return this.#daytona;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Check if the sandbox is initialized and running.\n   */\n  get isRunning(): boolean {\n    return this.#sandbox !== null;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create a new DaytonaSandbox instance.\n   *\n   * Note: This only creates the instance. Call `initialize()` to actually\n   * create the Daytona Sandbox, or use the static `DaytonaSandbox.create()` method.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the sandbox\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Two-step initialization\n   * const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox({ language: \"typescript\" });\n   * await sandbox.initialize();\n   *\n   * // Or use the factory method\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({ language: \"typescript\" });\n   * ```\n   */\n  constructor(options: DaytonaSandboxOptions = {}) {\n    super();\n\n    // Set defaults\n    this.#options = {\n      language: \"typescript\",\n      timeout: 300,\n      ...options,\n    };\n\n    this.#timeout = this.#options.timeout ?? 300;\n\n    // Generate temporary ID until initialized\n    this.#id = `daytona-sandbox-${Date.now()}`;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Initialize the sandbox by creating a new Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   *\n   * This method authenticates with Daytona and provisions a new sandbox.\n   * After initialization, the `id` property will reflect the actual sandbox ID.\n   *\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If already initialized (`ALREADY_INITIALIZED`)\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If authentication fails (`AUTHENTICATION_FAILED`)\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If sandbox creation fails (`SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED`)\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox();\n   * await sandbox.initialize();\n   * console.log(`Sandbox ID: ${sandbox.id}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async initialize(): Promise<void> {\n    // Prevent double initialization\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Sandbox is already initialized. Each DaytonaSandbox instance can only be initialized once.\",\n        \"ALREADY_INITIALIZED\",\n      );\n    }\n\n    // Get authentication credentials\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(\n        this.#options.auth,\n        this.#options.target,\n      );\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      // Create Daytona client\n      this.#daytona = new Daytona({\n        apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n        apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n        target: credentials.target,\n      });\n\n      // Determine if we're creating from image or snapshot\n      if (this.#options.image) {\n        // Create from image (allows custom resources)\n        const createOptions: {\n          image: string;\n          language?: string;\n          envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n          autoStopInterval?: number;\n          autoArchiveInterval?: number;\n          autoDeleteInterval?: number;\n          labels?: Record<string, string>;\n          resources?: { cpu?: number; memory?: number; disk?: number };\n        } = {\n          image: this.#options.image,\n          language: this.#options.language ?? \"typescript\",\n        };\n\n        if (this.#options.envVars) {\n          createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoArchiveInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoArchiveInterval = this.#options.autoArchiveInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoDeleteInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoDeleteInterval = this.#options.autoDeleteInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.labels) {\n          createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.resources) {\n          createOptions.resources = this.#options.resources;\n        }\n\n        // Create the sandbox from image\n        this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);\n      } else {\n        // Create from snapshot (default, simpler approach)\n        const createOptions: {\n          language?: string;\n          snapshot?: string;\n          envVars?: Record<string, string>;\n          autoStopInterval?: number;\n          autoArchiveInterval?: number;\n          autoDeleteInterval?: number;\n          labels?: Record<string, string>;\n        } = {\n          language: this.#options.language ?? \"typescript\",\n        };\n\n        if (this.#options.snapshot) {\n          createOptions.snapshot = this.#options.snapshot;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.envVars) {\n          createOptions.envVars = this.#options.envVars;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoStopInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoStopInterval = this.#options.autoStopInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoArchiveInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoArchiveInterval = this.#options.autoArchiveInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.autoDeleteInterval !== undefined) {\n          createOptions.autoDeleteInterval = this.#options.autoDeleteInterval;\n        }\n\n        if (this.#options.labels) {\n          createOptions.labels = this.#options.labels;\n        }\n\n        // Create the sandbox from snapshot\n        this.#sandbox = await this.#daytona.create(createOptions);\n      }\n\n      // Update ID to the actual sandbox ID\n      this.#id = this.#sandbox.id;\n\n      // Upload initial files if provided\n      if (this.#options.initialFiles) {\n        await this.#uploadInitialFiles(this.#options.initialFiles);\n      }\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Failed to create Daytona Sandbox: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,\n        \"SANDBOX_CREATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Upload initial files to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @param files - A map of file paths to their string contents\n   */\n  async #uploadInitialFiles(files: Record<string, string>): Promise<void> {\n    const encoder = new TextEncoder();\n    const fileEntries: Array<[string, Uint8Array]> = Object.entries(files).map(\n      ([path, content]) => [path, encoder.encode(content)],\n    );\n\n    const results = await this.uploadFiles(fileEntries);\n\n    // Check for any errors during upload\n    const errors = results.filter((r) => r.error !== null);\n    if (errors.length > 0) {\n      const errorPaths = errors.map((e) => `${e.path}: ${e.error}`).join(\", \");\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Failed to upload initial files: ${errorPaths}`,\n        \"FILE_OPERATION_FAILED\",\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Execute a command in the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Commands are run using the sandbox's shell.\n   *\n   * @param command - The shell command to execute\n   * @returns Execution result with output, exit code, and truncation flag\n   * @throws {DaytonaSandboxError} If the sandbox is not initialized\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const result = await sandbox.execute(\"echo 'Hello World'\");\n   * console.log(result.output); // \"Hello World\\n\"\n   * console.log(result.exitCode); // 0\n   * ```\n   */\n  async execute(command: string): Promise<ExecuteResponse> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n\n    try {\n      const response = await sandbox.process.executeCommand(\n        command,\n        undefined,\n        undefined,\n        this.#timeout,\n      );\n\n      return {\n        output: response.result ?? \"\",\n        exitCode: response.exitCode ?? 0,\n        truncated: false,\n      };\n    } catch (error) {\n      // Check for timeout\n      if (error instanceof Error && error.message.includes(\"timeout\")) {\n        throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n          `Command timed out: ${command}`,\n          \"COMMAND_TIMEOUT\",\n          error,\n        );\n      }\n\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Command execution failed: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,\n        \"COMMAND_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Upload files to the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Files are written to the sandbox filesystem. Parent directories are\n   * created automatically if they don't exist.\n   *\n   * @param files - Array of [path, content] tuples to upload\n   * @returns Upload result for each file, with success or error status\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const encoder = new TextEncoder();\n   * const results = await sandbox.uploadFiles([\n   *   [\"src/index.js\", encoder.encode(\"console.log('Hello')\")],\n   *   [\"package.json\", encoder.encode('{\"name\": \"test\"}')],\n   * ]);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async uploadFiles(\n    files: Array<[string, Uint8Array]>,\n  ): Promise<FileUploadResponse[]> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n    const results: FileUploadResponse[] = [];\n\n    for (const [path, content] of files) {\n      try {\n        // Ensure parent directory exists\n        const parentDir = path.substring(0, path.lastIndexOf(\"/\"));\n        if (parentDir) {\n          await sandbox.fs.createFolder(parentDir, \"755\");\n        }\n\n        // Upload the file content\n        const buffer = Buffer.from(content);\n        await sandbox.fs.uploadFile(buffer, path);\n        results.push({ path, error: null });\n      } catch (error) {\n        results.push({ path, error: this.#mapError(error) });\n      }\n    }\n\n    return results;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Download files from the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Each file is read individually, allowing partial success when some\n   * files exist and others don't.\n   *\n   * @param paths - Array of file paths to download\n   * @returns Download result for each file, with content or error\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const results = await sandbox.downloadFiles([\"src/index.js\", \"missing.txt\"]);\n   * for (const result of results) {\n   *   if (result.content) {\n   *     console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(result.content));\n   *   } else {\n   *     console.error(`Error: ${result.error}`);\n   *   }\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  async downloadFiles(paths: string[]): Promise<FileDownloadResponse[]> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance; // Throws if not initialized\n    const results: FileDownloadResponse[] = [];\n\n    for (const path of paths) {\n      try {\n        const buffer = await sandbox.fs.downloadFile(path);\n        results.push({\n          path,\n          content: new Uint8Array(buffer),\n          error: null,\n        });\n      } catch (error) {\n        results.push({\n          path,\n          content: null,\n          error: this.#mapError(error),\n        });\n      }\n    }\n\n    return results;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Close the sandbox and release all resources.\n   *\n   * After closing, the sandbox cannot be used again. The sandbox is deleted\n   * from Daytona's infrastructure.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * try {\n   *   await sandbox.execute(\"npm run build\");\n   * } finally {\n   *   await sandbox.close();\n   * }\n   * ```\n   */\n  async close(): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      try {\n        await this.#sandbox.delete();\n      } finally {\n        this.#sandbox = null;\n        this.#daytona = null;\n      }\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Stop the sandbox without deleting it.\n   *\n   * The sandbox can be restarted later using `start()`.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.stop();\n   * // Later...\n   * await sandbox.start();\n   * ```\n   */\n  async stop(): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      await this.#sandbox.stop();\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Start a stopped sandbox.\n   *\n   * @param timeout - Maximum time to wait in seconds (default: 60)\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.start();\n   * console.log(\"Sandbox is now running\");\n   * ```\n   */\n  async start(timeout: number = 60): Promise<void> {\n    if (this.#sandbox) {\n      await this.#sandbox.start(timeout);\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Forcefully terminate and delete the sandbox.\n   *\n   * Use this when you need to immediately stop the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * await sandbox.kill();\n   * ```\n   */\n  async kill(): Promise<void> {\n    await this.close();\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the working directory path inside the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @returns The absolute path to the sandbox working directory\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const workDir = await sandbox.getWorkDir();\n   * console.log(`Working directory: ${workDir}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async getWorkDir(): Promise<string> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance;\n    const workDir = await sandbox.getWorkDir();\n    return workDir ?? \"/home/daytona\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get the user's home directory path inside the sandbox.\n   *\n   * @returns The absolute path to the user's home directory\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const homeDir = await sandbox.getUserHomeDir();\n   * console.log(`Home directory: ${homeDir}`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  async getUserHomeDir(): Promise<string> {\n    const sandbox = this.instance;\n    const homeDir = await sandbox.getUserHomeDir();\n    return homeDir ?? \"/home/daytona\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Set the sandbox from an existing Daytona Sandbox instance.\n   * Used internally by the static `connect()` method.\n   */\n  #setFromExisting(\n    daytona: Daytona,\n    existingSandbox: Sandbox,\n    sandboxId: string,\n  ): void {\n    this.#daytona = daytona;\n    this.#sandbox = existingSandbox;\n    this.#id = sandboxId;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Map Daytona SDK errors to standardized FileOperationError codes.\n   *\n   * @param error - The error from the Daytona SDK\n   * @returns A standardized error code\n   */\n  #mapError(error: unknown): FileOperationError {\n    if (error instanceof Error) {\n      const msg = error.message.toLowerCase();\n\n      if (msg.includes(\"not found\") || msg.includes(\"enoent\")) {\n        return \"file_not_found\";\n      }\n      if (msg.includes(\"permission\") || msg.includes(\"eacces\")) {\n        return \"permission_denied\";\n      }\n      if (msg.includes(\"directory\") || msg.includes(\"eisdir\")) {\n        return \"is_directory\";\n      }\n    }\n\n    return \"invalid_path\";\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create and initialize a new DaytonaSandbox in one step.\n   *\n   * This is the recommended way to create a sandbox. It combines\n   * construction and initialization into a single async operation.\n   *\n   * @param options - Configuration options for the sandbox\n   * @returns An initialized and ready-to-use sandbox\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({\n   *   language: \"typescript\",\n   *   cpu: 2,\n   *   memory: 4,\n   * });\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async create(\n    options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    const sandbox = new DaytonaSandbox(options);\n    await sandbox.initialize();\n    return sandbox;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Delete all sandboxes matching the given labels.\n   *\n   * This is useful for cleaning up stale sandboxes from previous test runs\n   * or CI pipelines that may not have shut down cleanly.\n   *\n   * @param labels - Label key-value pairs to filter sandboxes\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration\n   * @returns The number of sandboxes that were deleted\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Clean up all integration-test sandboxes\n   * const deleted = await DaytonaSandbox.deleteAll({\n   *   purpose: \"integration-test\",\n   *   package: \"@langchain/daytona\",\n   * });\n   * console.log(`Deleted ${deleted} stale sandboxes`);\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async deleteAll(\n    labels: Record<string, string>,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\" | \"target\">,\n  ): Promise<number> {\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(options?.auth, options?.target);\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    const daytona = new Daytona({\n      apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n      apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n      target: credentials.target,\n    });\n\n    const { items } = await daytona.list(labels);\n\n    const results = await Promise.all(\n      items.map((sandbox) =>\n        daytona\n          .delete(sandbox)\n          .then(() => true)\n          .catch(() => false),\n      ),\n    );\n\n    return results.filter(Boolean).length;\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Connect to an existing sandbox by ID.\n   *\n   * This allows you to resume working with a sandbox that was created\n   * earlier or that is still running.\n   *\n   * @param sandboxId - The ID of the sandbox to connect to\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration (for API key)\n   * @returns A connected sandbox instance\n   *\n   * @example\n   * ```typescript\n   * // Resume a sandbox from a stored ID\n   * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.connect(\"sandbox-abc123\");\n   * const result = await sandbox.execute(\"ls -la\");\n   * ```\n   */\n  static async fromId(\n    id: string,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\" | \"target\" | \"timeout\">,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    // Get authentication credentials\n    let credentials: { apiKey: string; apiUrl: string; target?: string };\n    try {\n      credentials = getAuthCredentials(options?.auth, options?.target);\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        \"Failed to authenticate with Daytona. Check your API key configuration.\",\n        \"AUTHENTICATION_FAILED\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n\n    try {\n      const daytona = new Daytona({\n        apiKey: credentials.apiKey,\n        apiUrl: credentials.apiUrl,\n        target: credentials.target,\n      });\n\n      const existingSandbox = await daytona.get(id);\n\n      const daytonaSandbox = new DaytonaSandbox(options);\n      // Set the existing sandbox directly (bypass initialize)\n      daytonaSandbox.#setFromExisting(daytona, existingSandbox, id);\n\n      return daytonaSandbox;\n    } catch (error) {\n      throw new DaytonaSandboxError(\n        `Sandbox not found: ${id}`,\n        \"SANDBOX_NOT_FOUND\",\n        error instanceof Error ? error : undefined,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Get a running sandbox by name from a deployed app.\n   *\n   * @param name - The name of the sandbox\n   * @param options - Optional auth configuration\n   * @returns A connected sandbox instance\n   */\n  static async fromName(\n    name: string,\n    options?: Pick<DaytonaSandboxOptions, \"auth\">,\n  ): Promise<DaytonaSandbox> {\n    return DaytonaSandbox.fromId(name, options);\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Async factory function type for creating Daytona Sandbox instances.\n *\n * This is similar to BackendFactory but supports async creation,\n * which is required for Daytona Sandbox since initialization is async.\n */\nexport type AsyncDaytonaSandboxFactory = () => Promise<DaytonaSandbox>;\n\n/**\n * Create an async factory function that creates a new Daytona Sandbox per invocation.\n *\n * Each call to the factory will create and initialize a new sandbox.\n * This is useful when you want fresh, isolated environments for each\n * agent invocation.\n *\n * **Important**: This returns an async factory. For use with middleware that\n * requires synchronous BackendFactory, use `createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox()`\n * with a pre-created sandbox instead.\n *\n * @param options - Optional configuration for sandbox creation\n * @returns An async factory function that creates new sandboxes\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { DaytonaSandbox, createDaytonaSandboxFactory } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create a factory for new sandboxes\n * const factory = createDaytonaSandboxFactory({ language: \"typescript\" });\n *\n * // Each call creates a new sandbox\n * const sandbox1 = await factory();\n * const sandbox2 = await factory();\n *\n * try {\n *   // Use sandboxes...\n * } finally {\n *   await sandbox1.close();\n *   await sandbox2.close();\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport function createDaytonaSandboxFactory(\n  options?: DaytonaSandboxOptions,\n): AsyncDaytonaSandboxFactory {\n  return async () => {\n    return await DaytonaSandbox.create(options);\n  };\n}\n\n/**\n * Create a backend factory that reuses an existing Daytona Sandbox.\n *\n * This allows multiple agent invocations to share the same sandbox,\n * avoiding the startup overhead of creating new sandboxes.\n *\n * Important: You are responsible for managing the sandbox lifecycle\n * (calling `close()` when done).\n *\n * @param sandbox - An existing DaytonaSandbox instance (must be initialized)\n * @returns A BackendFactory that returns the provided sandbox\n *\n * @example\n * ```typescript\n * import { createDeepAgent, createFilesystemMiddleware } from \"deepagents\";\n * import { DaytonaSandbox, createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox } from \"@langchain/daytona\";\n *\n * // Create and initialize a sandbox\n * const sandbox = await DaytonaSandbox.create({ language: \"typescript\" });\n *\n * try {\n *   const agent = createDeepAgent({\n *     model: new ChatAnthropic({ model: \"claude-sonnet-4-20250514\" }),\n *     systemPrompt: \"You are a coding assistant.\",\n *     middlewares: [\n *       createFilesystemMiddleware({\n *         backend: createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(sandbox),\n *       }),\n *     ],\n *   });\n *\n *   await agent.invoke({ messages: [...] });\n * } finally {\n *   await sandbox.close();\n * }\n * ```\n */\nexport function createDaytonaSandboxFactoryFromSandbox(\n  sandbox: DaytonaSandbox,\n): BackendFactory {\n  return () => 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package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@langchain/daytona",
-  "version": "0.1.1",
+  "version": "0.2.0-alpha.0",
   "description": "Daytona Sandbox backend for deepagents",
   "main": "./dist/index.cjs",
   "module": "./dist/index.js",
@@ -27,22 +27,22 @@
   },
   "homepage": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagentsjs#readme",
   "dependencies": {
-    "@daytonaio/sdk": "^0.135.0"
+    "@daytonaio/sdk": "^0.155.0"
   },
   "peerDependencies": {
-    "deepagents": ">=1.6.0"
+    "deepagents": ">=1.9.0-alpha.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@tsconfig/recommended": "^1.0.13",
     "@types/node": "^25.1.0",
     "@vitest/coverage-v8": "^4.0.18",
     "dotenv": "^17.2.3",
-    "tsdown": "^0.20.1",
+    "tsdown": "^0.21.4",
     "tsx": "^4.21.0",
-    "typescript": "^5.9.3",
+    "typescript": "^6.0.2",
     "vitest": "^4.0.18",
-    "deepagents": "1.7.1",
-    "@langchain/standard-tests": "0.0.1"
+    "deepagents": "1.9.0-alpha.1",
+    "@langchain/sandbox-standard-tests": "1.0.0-alpha.0"
   },
   "exports": {
     ".": {