@kungfu-tech/libnode-win32-x64 0.0.0-bootstrap.0 → 22.22.3-kf.1

package/dist/node/include/v8-platform.h

@@ -0,0 +1,1358 @@
+// Copyright 2013 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef V8_V8_PLATFORM_H_
+#define V8_V8_PLATFORM_H_
+
+#include <math.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>  // For abort.
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "v8-source-location.h"  // NOLINT(build/include_directory)
+#include "v8config.h"  // NOLINT(build/include_directory)
+
+namespace v8 {
+
+class Isolate;
+
+// Valid priorities supported by the task scheduling infrastructure.
+enum class TaskPriority : uint8_t {
+  /**
+   * Best effort tasks are not critical for performance of the application. The
+   * platform implementation should preempt such tasks if higher priority tasks
+   * arrive.
+   */
+  kBestEffort,
+  /**
+   * User visible tasks are long running background tasks that will
+   * improve performance and memory usage of the application upon completion.
+   * Example: background compilation and garbage collection.
+   */
+  kUserVisible,
+  /**
+   * User blocking tasks are highest priority tasks that block the execution
+   * thread (e.g. major garbage collection). They must be finished as soon as
+   * possible.
+   */
+  kUserBlocking,
+  kMaxPriority = kUserBlocking
+};
+
+/**
+ * A Task represents a unit of work.
+ */
+class Task {
+ public:
+  virtual ~Task() = default;
+
+  virtual void Run() = 0;
+};
+
+/**
+ * An IdleTask represents a unit of work to be performed in idle time.
+ * The Run method is invoked with an argument that specifies the deadline in
+ * seconds returned by MonotonicallyIncreasingTime().
+ * The idle task is expected to complete by this deadline.
+ */
+class IdleTask {
+ public:
+  virtual ~IdleTask() = default;
+  virtual void Run(double deadline_in_seconds) = 0;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A TaskRunner allows scheduling of tasks. The TaskRunner may still be used to
+ * post tasks after the isolate gets destructed, but these tasks may not get
+ * executed anymore. All tasks posted to a given TaskRunner will be invoked in
+ * sequence. Tasks can be posted from any thread.
+ */
+class TaskRunner {
+ public:
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task to be invoked by this TaskRunner. The TaskRunner
+   * implementation takes ownership of |task|.
+   *
+   * Embedders should override PostTaskImpl instead of this.
+   */
+  virtual void PostTask(std::unique_ptr<Task> task) {
+    PostTaskImpl(std::move(task), SourceLocation::Current());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task to be invoked by this TaskRunner. The TaskRunner
+   * implementation takes ownership of |task|. The |task| cannot be nested
+   * within other task executions.
+   *
+   * Tasks which shouldn't be interleaved with JS execution must be posted with
+   * |PostNonNestableTask| or |PostNonNestableDelayedTask|. This is because the
+   * embedder may process tasks in a callback which is called during JS
+   * execution.
+   *
+   * In particular, tasks which execute JS must be non-nestable, since JS
+   * execution is not allowed to nest.
+   *
+   * Requires that |TaskRunner::NonNestableTasksEnabled()| is true.
+   *
+   * Embedders should override PostNonNestableTaskImpl instead of this.
+   */
+  virtual void PostNonNestableTask(std::unique_ptr<Task> task) {
+    PostNonNestableTaskImpl(std::move(task), SourceLocation::Current());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task to be invoked by this TaskRunner. The task is scheduled
+   * after the given number of seconds |delay_in_seconds|. The TaskRunner
+   * implementation takes ownership of |task|.
+   *
+   * Embedders should override PostDelayedTaskImpl instead of this.
+   */
+  virtual void PostDelayedTask(std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+                               double delay_in_seconds) {
+    PostDelayedTaskImpl(std::move(task), delay_in_seconds,
+                        SourceLocation::Current());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task to be invoked by this TaskRunner. The task is scheduled
+   * after the given number of seconds |delay_in_seconds|. The TaskRunner
+   * implementation takes ownership of |task|. The |task| cannot be nested
+   * within other task executions.
+   *
+   * Tasks which shouldn't be interleaved with JS execution must be posted with
+   * |PostNonNestableTask| or |PostNonNestableDelayedTask|. This is because the
+   * embedder may process tasks in a callback which is called during JS
+   * execution.
+   *
+   * In particular, tasks which execute JS must be non-nestable, since JS
+   * execution is not allowed to nest.
+   *
+   * Requires that |TaskRunner::NonNestableDelayedTasksEnabled()| is true.
+   *
+   * Embedders should override PostNonNestableDelayedTaskImpl instead of this.
+   */
+  virtual void PostNonNestableDelayedTask(std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+                                          double delay_in_seconds) {
+    PostNonNestableDelayedTaskImpl(std::move(task), delay_in_seconds,
+                                   SourceLocation::Current());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules an idle task to be invoked by this TaskRunner. The task is
+   * scheduled when the embedder is idle. Requires that
+   * |TaskRunner::IdleTasksEnabled()| is true. Idle tasks may be reordered
+   * relative to other task types and may be starved for an arbitrarily long
+   * time if no idle time is available. The TaskRunner implementation takes
+   * ownership of |task|.
+   *
+   * Embedders should override PostIdleTaskImpl instead of this.
+   */
+  virtual void PostIdleTask(std::unique_ptr<IdleTask> task) {
+    PostIdleTaskImpl(std::move(task), SourceLocation::Current());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if idle tasks are enabled for this TaskRunner.
+   */
+  virtual bool IdleTasksEnabled() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if non-nestable tasks are enabled for this TaskRunner.
+   */
+  virtual bool NonNestableTasksEnabled() const { return false; }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if non-nestable delayed tasks are enabled for this TaskRunner.
+   */
+  virtual bool NonNestableDelayedTasksEnabled() const { return false; }
+
+  TaskRunner() = default;
+  virtual ~TaskRunner() = default;
+
+  TaskRunner(const TaskRunner&) = delete;
+  TaskRunner& operator=(const TaskRunner&) = delete;
+
+ protected:
+  /**
+   * Implementation of above methods with an additional `location` argument.
+   */
+  virtual void PostTaskImpl(std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+                            const SourceLocation& location) {}
+  virtual void PostNonNestableTaskImpl(std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+                                       const SourceLocation& location) {}
+  virtual void PostDelayedTaskImpl(std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+                                   double delay_in_seconds,
+                                   const SourceLocation& location) {}
+  virtual void PostNonNestableDelayedTaskImpl(std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+                                              double delay_in_seconds,
+                                              const SourceLocation& location) {}
+  virtual void PostIdleTaskImpl(std::unique_ptr<IdleTask> task,
+                                const SourceLocation& location) {}
+};
+
+/**
+ * Delegate that's passed to Job's worker task, providing an entry point to
+ * communicate with the scheduler.
+ */
+class JobDelegate {
+ public:
+  /**
+   * Returns true if this thread *must* return from the worker task on the
+   * current thread ASAP. Workers should periodically invoke ShouldYield (or
+   * YieldIfNeeded()) as often as is reasonable.
+   * After this method returned true, ShouldYield must not be called again.
+   */
+  virtual bool ShouldYield() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Notifies the scheduler that max concurrency was increased, and the number
+   * of worker should be adjusted accordingly. See Platform::PostJob() for more
+   * details.
+   */
+  virtual void NotifyConcurrencyIncrease() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a task_id unique among threads currently running this job, such
+   * that GetTaskId() < worker count. To achieve this, the same task_id may be
+   * reused by a different thread after a worker_task returns.
+   */
+  virtual uint8_t GetTaskId() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if the current task is called from the thread currently
+   * running JobHandle::Join().
+   */
+  virtual bool IsJoiningThread() const = 0;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Handle returned when posting a Job. Provides methods to control execution of
+ * the posted Job.
+ */
+class JobHandle {
+ public:
+  virtual ~JobHandle() = default;
+
+  /**
+   * Notifies the scheduler that max concurrency was increased, and the number
+   * of worker should be adjusted accordingly. See Platform::PostJob() for more
+   * details.
+   */
+  virtual void NotifyConcurrencyIncrease() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Contributes to the job on this thread. Doesn't return until all tasks have
+   * completed and max concurrency becomes 0. When Join() is called and max
+   * concurrency reaches 0, it should not increase again. This also promotes
+   * this Job's priority to be at least as high as the calling thread's
+   * priority.
+   */
+  virtual void Join() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Forces all existing workers to yield ASAP. Waits until they have all
+   * returned from the Job's callback before returning.
+   */
+  virtual void Cancel() = 0;
+
+  /*
+   * Forces all existing workers to yield ASAP but doesn’t wait for them.
+   * Warning, this is dangerous if the Job's callback is bound to or has access
+   * to state which may be deleted after this call.
+   */
+  virtual void CancelAndDetach() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if there's any work pending or any worker running.
+   */
+  virtual bool IsActive() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if associated with a Job and other methods may be called.
+   * Returns false after Join() or Cancel() was called. This may return true
+   * even if no workers are running and IsCompleted() returns true
+   */
+  virtual bool IsValid() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if job priority can be changed.
+   */
+  virtual bool UpdatePriorityEnabled() const { return false; }
+
+  /**
+   *  Update this Job's priority.
+   */
+  virtual void UpdatePriority(TaskPriority new_priority) {}
+};
+
+/**
+ * A JobTask represents work to run in parallel from Platform::PostJob().
+ */
+class JobTask {
+ public:
+  virtual ~JobTask() = default;
+
+  virtual void Run(JobDelegate* delegate) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Controls the maximum number of threads calling Run() concurrently, given
+   * the number of threads currently assigned to this job and executing Run().
+   * Run() is only invoked if the number of threads previously running Run() was
+   * less than the value returned. In general, this should return the latest
+   * number of incomplete work items (smallest unit of work) left to process,
+   * including items that are currently in progress. |worker_count| is the
+   * number of threads currently assigned to this job which some callers may
+   * need to determine their return value. Since GetMaxConcurrency() is a leaf
+   * function, it must not call back any JobHandle methods.
+   */
+  virtual size_t GetMaxConcurrency(size_t worker_count) const = 0;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A "blocking call" refers to any call that causes the calling thread to wait
+ * off-CPU. It includes but is not limited to calls that wait on synchronous
+ * file I/O operations: read or write a file from disk, interact with a pipe or
+ * a socket, rename or delete a file, enumerate files in a directory, etc.
+ * Acquiring a low contention lock is not considered a blocking call.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * BlockingType indicates the likelihood that a blocking call will actually
+ * block.
+ */
+enum class BlockingType {
+  // The call might block (e.g. file I/O that might hit in memory cache).
+  kMayBlock,
+  // The call will definitely block (e.g. cache already checked and now pinging
+  // server synchronously).
+  kWillBlock
+};
+
+/**
+ * This class is instantiated with CreateBlockingScope() in every scope where a
+ * blocking call is made and serves as a precise annotation of the scope that
+ * may/will block. May be implemented by an embedder to adjust the thread count.
+ * CPU usage should be minimal within that scope. ScopedBlockingCalls can be
+ * nested.
+ */
+class ScopedBlockingCall {
+ public:
+  virtual ~ScopedBlockingCall() = default;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The interface represents complex arguments to trace events.
+ */
+class ConvertableToTraceFormat {
+ public:
+  virtual ~ConvertableToTraceFormat() = default;
+
+  /**
+   * Append the class info to the provided |out| string. The appended
+   * data must be a valid JSON object. Strings must be properly quoted, and
+   * escaped. There is no processing applied to the content after it is
+   * appended.
+   */
+  virtual void AppendAsTraceFormat(std::string* out) const = 0;
+};
+
+/**
+ * V8 Tracing controller.
+ *
+ * Can be implemented by an embedder to record trace events from V8.
+ *
+ * Will become obsolete in Perfetto SDK build (v8_use_perfetto = true).
+ */
+class TracingController {
+ public:
+  virtual ~TracingController() = default;
+
+  // In Perfetto mode, trace events are written using Perfetto's Track Event
+  // API directly without going through the embedder. However, it is still
+  // possible to observe tracing being enabled and disabled.
+#if !defined(V8_USE_PERFETTO)
+  /**
+   * Called by TRACE_EVENT* macros, don't call this directly.
+   * The name parameter is a category group for example:
+   * TRACE_EVENT0("v8,parse", "V8.Parse")
+   * The pointer returned points to a value with zero or more of the bits
+   * defined in CategoryGroupEnabledFlags.
+   **/
+  virtual const uint8_t* GetCategoryGroupEnabled(const char* name) {
+    static uint8_t no = 0;
+    return &no;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Adds a trace event to the platform tracing system. These function calls are
+   * usually the result of a TRACE_* macro from trace_event_common.h when
+   * tracing and the category of the particular trace are enabled. It is not
+   * advisable to call these functions on their own; they are really only meant
+   * to be used by the trace macros. The returned handle can be used by
+   * UpdateTraceEventDuration to update the duration of COMPLETE events.
+   */
+  virtual uint64_t AddTraceEvent(
+      char phase, const uint8_t* category_enabled_flag, const char* name,
+      const char* scope, uint64_t id, uint64_t bind_id, int32_t num_args,
+      const char** arg_names, const uint8_t* arg_types,
+      const uint64_t* arg_values,
+      std::unique_ptr<ConvertableToTraceFormat>* arg_convertables,
+      unsigned int flags) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  virtual uint64_t AddTraceEventWithTimestamp(
+      char phase, const uint8_t* category_enabled_flag, const char* name,
+      const char* scope, uint64_t id, uint64_t bind_id, int32_t num_args,
+      const char** arg_names, const uint8_t* arg_types,
+      const uint64_t* arg_values,
+      std::unique_ptr<ConvertableToTraceFormat>* arg_convertables,
+      unsigned int flags, int64_t timestamp) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sets the duration field of a COMPLETE trace event. It must be called with
+   * the handle returned from AddTraceEvent().
+   **/
+  virtual void UpdateTraceEventDuration(const uint8_t* category_enabled_flag,
+                                        const char* name, uint64_t handle) {}
+#endif  // !defined(V8_USE_PERFETTO)
+
+  class TraceStateObserver {
+   public:
+    virtual ~TraceStateObserver() = default;
+    virtual void OnTraceEnabled() = 0;
+    virtual void OnTraceDisabled() = 0;
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * Adds tracing state change observer.
+   * Does nothing in Perfetto SDK build (v8_use_perfetto = true).
+   */
+  virtual void AddTraceStateObserver(TraceStateObserver*) {}
+
+  /**
+   * Removes tracing state change observer.
+   * Does nothing in Perfetto SDK build (v8_use_perfetto = true).
+   */
+  virtual void RemoveTraceStateObserver(TraceStateObserver*) {}
+};
+
+/**
+ * A V8 memory page allocator.
+ *
+ * Can be implemented by an embedder to manage large host OS allocations.
+ */
+class PageAllocator {
+ public:
+  virtual ~PageAllocator() = default;
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the page granularity for AllocatePages and FreePages. Addresses and
+   * lengths for those calls should be multiples of AllocatePageSize().
+   */
+  virtual size_t AllocatePageSize() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the page granularity for SetPermissions and ReleasePages. Addresses
+   * and lengths for those calls should be multiples of CommitPageSize().
+   */
+  virtual size_t CommitPageSize() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Sets the random seed so that GetRandomMmapAddr() will generate repeatable
+   * sequences of random mmap addresses.
+   */
+  virtual void SetRandomMmapSeed(int64_t seed) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a randomized address, suitable for memory allocation under ASLR.
+   * The address will be aligned to AllocatePageSize.
+   */
+  virtual void* GetRandomMmapAddr() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Memory permissions.
+   */
+  enum Permission {
+    kNoAccess,
+    kRead,
+    kReadWrite,
+    kReadWriteExecute,
+    kReadExecute,
+    // Set this when reserving memory that will later require kReadWriteExecute
+    // permissions. The resulting behavior is platform-specific, currently
+    // this is used to set the MAP_JIT flag on Apple Silicon.
+    // TODO(jkummerow): Remove this when Wasm has a platform-independent
+    // w^x implementation.
+    // TODO(saelo): Remove this once all JIT pages are allocated through the
+    // VirtualAddressSpace API.
+    kNoAccessWillJitLater
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * Allocates memory in range with the given alignment and permission.
+   */
+  virtual void* AllocatePages(void* address, size_t length, size_t alignment,
+                              Permission permissions) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Frees memory in a range that was allocated by a call to AllocatePages.
+   */
+  virtual bool FreePages(void* address, size_t length) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Releases memory in a range that was allocated by a call to AllocatePages.
+   */
+  virtual bool ReleasePages(void* address, size_t length,
+                            size_t new_length) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Sets permissions on pages in an allocated range.
+   */
+  virtual bool SetPermissions(void* address, size_t length,
+                              Permission permissions) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Recommits discarded pages in the given range with given permissions.
+   * Discarded pages must be recommitted with their original permissions
+   * before they are used again.
+   */
+  virtual bool RecommitPages(void* address, size_t length,
+                             Permission permissions) {
+    // TODO(v8:12797): make it pure once it's implemented on Chromium side.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Frees memory in the given [address, address + size) range. address and size
+   * should be operating system page-aligned. The next write to this
+   * memory area brings the memory transparently back. This should be treated as
+   * a hint to the OS that the pages are no longer needed. It does not guarantee
+   * that the pages will be discarded immediately or at all.
+   */
+  virtual bool DiscardSystemPages(void* address, size_t size) { return true; }
+
+  /**
+   * Decommits any wired memory pages in the given range, allowing the OS to
+   * reclaim them, and marks the region as inacessible (kNoAccess). The address
+   * range stays reserved and can be accessed again later by changing its
+   * permissions. However, in that case the memory content is guaranteed to be
+   * zero-initialized again. The memory must have been previously allocated by a
+   * call to AllocatePages. Returns true on success, false otherwise.
+   */
+  virtual bool DecommitPages(void* address, size_t size) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * INTERNAL ONLY: This interface has not been stabilised and may change
+   * without notice from one release to another without being deprecated first.
+   */
+  class SharedMemoryMapping {
+   public:
+    // Implementations are expected to free the shared memory mapping in the
+    // destructor.
+    virtual ~SharedMemoryMapping() = default;
+    virtual void* GetMemory() const = 0;
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * INTERNAL ONLY: This interface has not been stabilised and may change
+   * without notice from one release to another without being deprecated first.
+   */
+  class SharedMemory {
+   public:
+    // Implementations are expected to free the shared memory in the destructor.
+    virtual ~SharedMemory() = default;
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<SharedMemoryMapping> RemapTo(
+        void* new_address) const = 0;
+    virtual void* GetMemory() const = 0;
+    virtual size_t GetSize() const = 0;
+  };
+
+  /**
+   * INTERNAL ONLY: This interface has not been stabilised and may change
+   * without notice from one release to another without being deprecated first.
+   *
+   * Reserve pages at a fixed address returning whether the reservation is
+   * possible. The reserved memory is detached from the PageAllocator and so
+   * should not be freed by it. It's intended for use with
+   * SharedMemory::RemapTo, where ~SharedMemoryMapping would free the memory.
+   */
+  virtual bool ReserveForSharedMemoryMapping(void* address, size_t size) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * INTERNAL ONLY: This interface has not been stabilised and may change
+   * without notice from one release to another without being deprecated first.
+   *
+   * Allocates shared memory pages. Not all PageAllocators need support this and
+   * so this method need not be overridden.
+   * Allocates a new read-only shared memory region of size |length| and copies
+   * the memory at |original_address| into it.
+   */
+  virtual std::unique_ptr<SharedMemory> AllocateSharedPages(
+      size_t length, const void* original_address) {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * INTERNAL ONLY: This interface has not been stabilised and may change
+   * without notice from one release to another without being deprecated first.
+   *
+   * If not overridden and changed to return true, V8 will not attempt to call
+   * AllocateSharedPages or RemapSharedPages. If overridden, AllocateSharedPages
+   * and RemapSharedPages must also be overridden.
+   */
+  virtual bool CanAllocateSharedPages() { return false; }
+};
+
+/**
+ * An allocator that uses per-thread permissions to protect the memory.
+ *
+ * The implementation is platform/hardware specific, e.g. using pkeys on x64.
+ *
+ * INTERNAL ONLY: This interface has not been stabilised and may change
+ * without notice from one release to another without being deprecated first.
+ */
+class ThreadIsolatedAllocator {
+ public:
+  virtual ~ThreadIsolatedAllocator() = default;
+
+  virtual void* Allocate(size_t size) = 0;
+
+  virtual void Free(void* object) = 0;
+
+  enum class Type {
+    kPkey,
+  };
+
+  virtual Type Type() const = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Return the pkey used to implement the thread isolation if Type == kPkey.
+   */
+  virtual int Pkey() const { return -1; }
+
+  /**
+   * Per-thread permissions can be reset on signal handler entry. Even reading
+   * ThreadIsolated memory will segfault in that case.
+   * Call this function on signal handler entry to ensure that read permissions
+   * are restored.
+   */
+  static void SetDefaultPermissionsForSignalHandler();
+};
+
+// Opaque type representing a handle to a shared memory region.
+using PlatformSharedMemoryHandle = intptr_t;
+static constexpr PlatformSharedMemoryHandle kInvalidSharedMemoryHandle = -1;
+
+// Conversion routines from the platform-dependent shared memory identifiers
+// into the opaque PlatformSharedMemoryHandle type. These use the underlying
+// types (e.g. unsigned int) instead of the typedef'd ones (e.g. mach_port_t)
+// to avoid pulling in large OS header files into this header file. Instead,
+// the users of these routines are expected to include the respecitve OS
+// headers in addition to this one.
+#if V8_OS_DARWIN
+// Convert between a shared memory handle and a mach_port_t referencing a memory
+// entry object.
+inline PlatformSharedMemoryHandle SharedMemoryHandleFromMachMemoryEntry(
+    unsigned int port) {
+  return static_cast<PlatformSharedMemoryHandle>(port);
+}
+inline unsigned int MachMemoryEntryFromSharedMemoryHandle(
+    PlatformSharedMemoryHandle handle) {
+  return static_cast<unsigned int>(handle);
+}
+#elif V8_OS_FUCHSIA
+// Convert between a shared memory handle and a zx_handle_t to a VMO.
+inline PlatformSharedMemoryHandle SharedMemoryHandleFromVMO(uint32_t handle) {
+  return static_cast<PlatformSharedMemoryHandle>(handle);
+}
+inline uint32_t VMOFromSharedMemoryHandle(PlatformSharedMemoryHandle handle) {
+  return static_cast<uint32_t>(handle);
+}
+#elif V8_OS_WIN
+// Convert between a shared memory handle and a Windows HANDLE to a file mapping
+// object.
+inline PlatformSharedMemoryHandle SharedMemoryHandleFromFileMapping(
+    void* handle) {
+  return reinterpret_cast<PlatformSharedMemoryHandle>(handle);
+}
+inline void* FileMappingFromSharedMemoryHandle(
+    PlatformSharedMemoryHandle handle) {
+  return reinterpret_cast<void*>(handle);
+}
+#else
+// Convert between a shared memory handle and a file descriptor.
+inline PlatformSharedMemoryHandle SharedMemoryHandleFromFileDescriptor(int fd) {
+  return static_cast<PlatformSharedMemoryHandle>(fd);
+}
+inline int FileDescriptorFromSharedMemoryHandle(
+    PlatformSharedMemoryHandle handle) {
+  return static_cast<int>(handle);
+}
+#endif
+
+/**
+ * Possible permissions for memory pages.
+ */
+enum class PagePermissions {
+  kNoAccess,
+  kRead,
+  kReadWrite,
+  kReadWriteExecute,
+  kReadExecute,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Class to manage a virtual memory address space.
+ *
+ * This class represents a contiguous region of virtual address space in which
+ * sub-spaces and (private or shared) memory pages can be allocated, freed, and
+ * modified. This interface is meant to eventually replace the PageAllocator
+ * interface, and can be used as an alternative in the meantime.
+ *
+ * This API is not yet stable and may change without notice!
+ */
+class VirtualAddressSpace {
+ public:
+  using Address = uintptr_t;
+
+  VirtualAddressSpace(size_t page_size, size_t allocation_granularity,
+                      Address base, size_t size,
+                      PagePermissions max_page_permissions)
+      : page_size_(page_size),
+        allocation_granularity_(allocation_granularity),
+        base_(base),
+        size_(size),
+        max_page_permissions_(max_page_permissions) {}
+
+  virtual ~VirtualAddressSpace() = default;
+
+  /**
+   * The page size used inside this space. Guaranteed to be a power of two.
+   * Used as granularity for all page-related operations except for allocation,
+   * which use the allocation_granularity(), see below.
+   *
+   * \returns the page size in bytes.
+   */
+  size_t page_size() const { return page_size_; }
+
+  /**
+   * The granularity of page allocations and, by extension, of subspace
+   * allocations. This is guaranteed to be a power of two and a multiple of the
+   * page_size(). In practice, this is equal to the page size on most OSes, but
+   * on Windows it is usually 64KB, while the page size is 4KB.
+   *
+   * \returns the allocation granularity in bytes.
+   */
+  size_t allocation_granularity() const { return allocation_granularity_; }
+
+  /**
+   * The base address of the address space managed by this instance.
+   *
+   * \returns the base address of this address space.
+   */
+  Address base() const { return base_; }
+
+  /**
+   * The size of the address space managed by this instance.
+   *
+   * \returns the size of this address space in bytes.
+   */
+  size_t size() const { return size_; }
+
+  /**
+   * The maximum page permissions that pages allocated inside this space can
+   * obtain.
+   *
+   * \returns the maximum page permissions.
+   */
+  PagePermissions max_page_permissions() const { return max_page_permissions_; }
+
+  /**
+   * Whether the |address| is inside the address space managed by this instance.
+   *
+   * \returns true if it is inside the address space, false if not.
+   */
+  bool Contains(Address address) const {
+    return (address >= base()) && (address < base() + size());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Sets the random seed so that GetRandomPageAddress() will generate
+   * repeatable sequences of random addresses.
+   *
+   * \param The seed for the PRNG.
+   */
+  virtual void SetRandomSeed(int64_t seed) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a random address inside this address space, suitable for page
+   * allocations hints.
+   *
+   * \returns a random address aligned to allocation_granularity().
+   */
+  virtual Address RandomPageAddress() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Allocates private memory pages with the given alignment and permissions.
+   *
+   * \param hint If nonzero, the allocation is attempted to be placed at the
+   * given address first. If that fails, the allocation is attempted to be
+   * placed elsewhere, possibly nearby, but that is not guaranteed. Specifying
+   * zero for the hint always causes this function to choose a random address.
+   * The hint, if specified, must be aligned to the specified alignment.
+   *
+   * \param size The size of the allocation in bytes. Must be a multiple of the
+   * allocation_granularity().
+   *
+   * \param alignment The alignment of the allocation in bytes. Must be a
+   * multiple of the allocation_granularity() and should be a power of two.
+   *
+   * \param permissions The page permissions of the newly allocated pages.
+   *
+   * \returns the start address of the allocated pages on success, zero on
+   * failure.
+   */
+  static constexpr Address kNoHint = 0;
+  virtual V8_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT Address
+  AllocatePages(Address hint, size_t size, size_t alignment,
+                PagePermissions permissions) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Frees previously allocated pages.
+   *
+   * This function will terminate the process on failure as this implies a bug
+   * in the client. As such, there is no return value.
+   *
+   * \param address The start address of the pages to free. This address must
+   * have been obtained through a call to AllocatePages.
+   *
+   * \param size The size in bytes of the region to free. This must match the
+   * size passed to AllocatePages when the pages were allocated.
+   */
+  virtual void FreePages(Address address, size_t size) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Sets permissions of all allocated pages in the given range.
+   *
+   * This operation can fail due to OOM, in which case false is returned. If
+   * the operation fails for a reason other than OOM, this function will
+   * terminate the process as this implies a bug in the client.
+   *
+   * \param address The start address of the range. Must be aligned to
+   * page_size().
+   *
+   * \param size The size in bytes of the range. Must be a multiple
+   * of page_size().
+   *
+   * \param permissions The new permissions for the range.
+   *
+   * \returns true on success, false on OOM.
+   */
+  virtual V8_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT bool SetPagePermissions(
+      Address address, size_t size, PagePermissions permissions) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a guard region at the specified address.
+   *
+   * Guard regions are guaranteed to cause a fault when accessed and generally
+   * do not count towards any memory consumption limits. Further, allocating
+   * guard regions can usually not fail in subspaces if the region does not
+   * overlap with another region, subspace, or page allocation.
+   *
+   * \param address The start address of the guard region. Must be aligned to
+   * the allocation_granularity().
+   *
+   * \param size The size of the guard region in bytes. Must be a multiple of
+   * the allocation_granularity().
+   *
+   * \returns true on success, false otherwise.
+   */
+  virtual V8_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT bool AllocateGuardRegion(Address address,
+                                                         size_t size) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Frees an existing guard region.
+   *
+   * This function will terminate the process on failure as this implies a bug
+   * in the client. As such, there is no return value.
+   *
+   * \param address The start address of the guard region to free. This address
+   * must have previously been used as address parameter in a successful
+   * invocation of AllocateGuardRegion.
+   *
+   * \param size The size in bytes of the guard region to free. This must match
+   * the size passed to AllocateGuardRegion when the region was created.
+   */
+  virtual void FreeGuardRegion(Address address, size_t size) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Allocates shared memory pages with the given permissions.
+   *
+   * \param hint Placement hint. See AllocatePages.
+   *
+   * \param size The size of the allocation in bytes. Must be a multiple of the
+   * allocation_granularity().
+   *
+   * \param permissions The page permissions of the newly allocated pages.
+   *
+   * \param handle A platform-specific handle to a shared memory object. See
+   * the SharedMemoryHandleFromX routines above for ways to obtain these.
+   *
+   * \param offset The offset in the shared memory object at which the mapping
+   * should start. Must be a multiple of the allocation_granularity().
+   *
+   * \returns the start address of the allocated pages on success, zero on
+   * failure.
+   */
+  virtual V8_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT Address
+  AllocateSharedPages(Address hint, size_t size, PagePermissions permissions,
+                      PlatformSharedMemoryHandle handle, uint64_t offset) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Frees previously allocated shared pages.
+   *
+   * This function will terminate the process on failure as this implies a bug
+   * in the client. As such, there is no return value.
+   *
+   * \param address The start address of the pages to free. This address must
+   * have been obtained through a call to AllocateSharedPages.
+   *
+   * \param size The size in bytes of the region to free. This must match the
+   * size passed to AllocateSharedPages when the pages were allocated.
+   */
+  virtual void FreeSharedPages(Address address, size_t size) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Whether this instance can allocate subspaces or not.
+   *
+   * \returns true if subspaces can be allocated, false if not.
+   */
+  virtual bool CanAllocateSubspaces() = 0;
+
+  /*
+   * Allocate a subspace.
+   *
+   * The address space of a subspace stays reserved in the parent space for the
+   * lifetime of the subspace. As such, it is guaranteed that page allocations
+   * on the parent space cannot end up inside a subspace.
+   *
+   * \param hint Hints where the subspace should be allocated. See
+   * AllocatePages() for more details.
+   *
+   * \param size The size in bytes of the subspace. Must be a multiple of the
+   * allocation_granularity().
+   *
+   * \param alignment The alignment of the subspace in bytes. Must be a multiple
+   * of the allocation_granularity() and should be a power of two.
+   *
+   * \param max_page_permissions The maximum permissions that pages allocated in
+   * the subspace can obtain.
+   *
+   * \returns a new subspace or nullptr on failure.
+   */
+  virtual std::unique_ptr<VirtualAddressSpace> AllocateSubspace(
+      Address hint, size_t size, size_t alignment,
+      PagePermissions max_page_permissions) = 0;
+
+  //
+  // TODO(v8) maybe refactor the methods below before stabilizing the API. For
+  // example by combining them into some form of page operation method that
+  // takes a command enum as parameter.
+  //
+
+  /**
+   * Recommits discarded pages in the given range with given permissions.
+   * Discarded pages must be recommitted with their original permissions
+   * before they are used again.
+   *
+   * \param address The start address of the range. Must be aligned to
+   * page_size().
+   *
+   * \param size The size in bytes of the range. Must be a multiple
+   * of page_size().
+   *
+   * \param permissions The permissions for the range that the pages must have.
+   *
+   * \returns true on success, false otherwise.
+   */
+  virtual V8_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT bool RecommitPages(
+      Address address, size_t size, PagePermissions permissions) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Frees memory in the given [address, address + size) range. address and
+   * size should be aligned to the page_size(). The next write to this memory
+   * area brings the memory transparently back. This should be treated as a
+   * hint to the OS that the pages are no longer needed. It does not guarantee
+   * that the pages will be discarded immediately or at all.
+   *
+   * \returns true on success, false otherwise. Since this method is only a
+   * hint, a successful invocation does not imply that pages have been removed.
+   */
+  virtual V8_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT bool DiscardSystemPages(Address address,
+                                                        size_t size) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  /**
+   * Decommits any wired memory pages in the given range, allowing the OS to
+   * reclaim them, and marks the region as inacessible (kNoAccess). The address
+   * range stays reserved and can be accessed again later by changing its
+   * permissions. However, in that case the memory content is guaranteed to be
+   * zero-initialized again. The memory must have been previously allocated by a
+   * call to AllocatePages.
+   *
+   * \returns true on success, false otherwise.
+   */
+  virtual V8_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT bool DecommitPages(Address address,
+                                                   size_t size) = 0;
+
+ private:
+  const size_t page_size_;
+  const size_t allocation_granularity_;
+  const Address base_;
+  const size_t size_;
+  const PagePermissions max_page_permissions_;
+};
+
+/**
+ * V8 Allocator used for allocating zone backings.
+ */
+class ZoneBackingAllocator {
+ public:
+  using MallocFn = void* (*)(size_t);
+  using FreeFn = void (*)(void*);
+
+  virtual MallocFn GetMallocFn() const { return ::malloc; }
+  virtual FreeFn GetFreeFn() const { return ::free; }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Observer used by V8 to notify the embedder about entering/leaving sections
+ * with high throughput of malloc/free operations.
+ */
+class HighAllocationThroughputObserver {
+ public:
+  virtual void EnterSection() {}
+  virtual void LeaveSection() {}
+};
+
+/**
+ * V8 Platform abstraction layer.
+ *
+ * The embedder has to provide an implementation of this interface before
+ * initializing the rest of V8.
+ */
+class Platform {
+ public:
+  virtual ~Platform() = default;
+
+  /**
+   * Allows the embedder to manage memory page allocations.
+   * Returning nullptr will cause V8 to use the default page allocator.
+   */
+  virtual PageAllocator* GetPageAllocator() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Allows the embedder to provide an allocator that uses per-thread memory
+   * permissions to protect allocations.
+   * Returning nullptr will cause V8 to disable protections that rely on this
+   * feature.
+   */
+  virtual ThreadIsolatedAllocator* GetThreadIsolatedAllocator() {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Allows the embedder to specify a custom allocator used for zones.
+   */
+  virtual ZoneBackingAllocator* GetZoneBackingAllocator() {
+    static ZoneBackingAllocator default_allocator;
+    return &default_allocator;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Enables the embedder to respond in cases where V8 can't allocate large
+   * blocks of memory. V8 retries the failed allocation once after calling this
+   * method. On success, execution continues; otherwise V8 exits with a fatal
+   * error.
+   * Embedder overrides of this function must NOT call back into V8.
+   */
+  virtual void OnCriticalMemoryPressure() {}
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the max number of worker threads that may be used to execute
+   * concurrent work scheduled for any single TaskPriority by
+   * Call(BlockingTask)OnWorkerThread() or PostJob(). This can be used to
+   * estimate the number of tasks a work package should be split into. A return
+   * value of 0 means that there are no worker threads available. Note that a
+   * value of 0 won't prohibit V8 from posting tasks using |CallOnWorkerThread|.
+   */
+  virtual int NumberOfWorkerThreads() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a TaskRunner which can be used to post a task on the foreground.
+   * The TaskRunner's NonNestableTasksEnabled() must be true. This function
+   * should only be called from a foreground thread.
+   * TODO(chromium:1448758): Deprecate once |GetForegroundTaskRunner(Isolate*,
+   * TaskPriority)| is ready.
+   */
+  virtual std::shared_ptr<v8::TaskRunner> GetForegroundTaskRunner(
+      Isolate* isolate) {
+    return GetForegroundTaskRunner(isolate, TaskPriority::kUserBlocking);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a TaskRunner with a specific |priority| which can be used to post a
+   * task on the foreground thread. The TaskRunner's NonNestableTasksEnabled()
+   * must be true. This function should only be called from a foreground thread.
+   * TODO(chromium:1448758): Make pure virtual once embedders implement it.
+   */
+  virtual std::shared_ptr<v8::TaskRunner> GetForegroundTaskRunner(
+      Isolate* isolate, TaskPriority priority) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task to be invoked on a worker thread.
+   * Embedders should override PostTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl() instead of
+   * CallOnWorkerThread().
+   */
+  void CallOnWorkerThread(
+      std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+      const SourceLocation& location = SourceLocation::Current()) {
+    PostTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl(TaskPriority::kUserVisible, std::move(task),
+                               location);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task that blocks the main thread to be invoked with
+   * high-priority on a worker thread.
+   * Embedders should override PostTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl() instead of
+   * CallBlockingTaskOnWorkerThread().
+   */
+  void CallBlockingTaskOnWorkerThread(
+      std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+      const SourceLocation& location = SourceLocation::Current()) {
+    // Embedders may optionally override this to process these tasks in a high
+    // priority pool.
+    PostTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl(TaskPriority::kUserBlocking, std::move(task),
+                               location);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task to be invoked with low-priority on a worker thread.
+   * Embedders should override PostTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl() instead of
+   * CallLowPriorityTaskOnWorkerThread().
+   */
+  void CallLowPriorityTaskOnWorkerThread(
+      std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+      const SourceLocation& location = SourceLocation::Current()) {
+    // Embedders may optionally override this to process these tasks in a low
+    // priority pool.
+    PostTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl(TaskPriority::kBestEffort, std::move(task),
+                               location);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task to be invoked on a worker thread after |delay_in_seconds|
+   * expires.
+   * Embedders should override PostDelayedTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl() instead of
+   * CallDelayedOnWorkerThread().
+   */
+  void CallDelayedOnWorkerThread(
+      std::unique_ptr<Task> task, double delay_in_seconds,
+      const SourceLocation& location = SourceLocation::Current()) {
+    PostDelayedTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl(TaskPriority::kUserVisible,
+                                      std::move(task), delay_in_seconds,
+                                      location);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true if idle tasks are enabled for the given |isolate|.
+   */
+  virtual bool IdleTasksEnabled(Isolate* isolate) { return false; }
+
+  /**
+   * Posts |job_task| to run in parallel. Returns a JobHandle associated with
+   * the Job, which can be joined or canceled.
+   * This avoids degenerate cases:
+   * - Calling CallOnWorkerThread() for each work item, causing significant
+   *   overhead.
+   * - Fixed number of CallOnWorkerThread() calls that split the work and might
+   *   run for a long time. This is problematic when many components post
+   *   "num cores" tasks and all expect to use all the cores. In these cases,
+   *   the scheduler lacks context to be fair to multiple same-priority requests
+   *   and/or ability to request lower priority work to yield when high priority
+   *   work comes in.
+   * A canonical implementation of |job_task| looks like:
+   * class MyJobTask : public JobTask {
+   *  public:
+   *   MyJobTask(...) : worker_queue_(...) {}
+   *   // JobTask:
+   *   void Run(JobDelegate* delegate) override {
+   *     while (!delegate->ShouldYield()) {
+   *       // Smallest unit of work.
+   *       auto work_item = worker_queue_.TakeWorkItem(); // Thread safe.
+   *       if (!work_item) return;
+   *       ProcessWork(work_item);
+   *     }
+   *   }
+   *
+   *   size_t GetMaxConcurrency() const override {
+   *     return worker_queue_.GetSize(); // Thread safe.
+   *   }
+   * };
+   * auto handle = PostJob(TaskPriority::kUserVisible,
+   *                       std::make_unique<MyJobTask>(...));
+   * handle->Join();
+   *
+   * PostJob() and methods of the returned JobHandle/JobDelegate, must never be
+   * called while holding a lock that could be acquired by JobTask::Run or
+   * JobTask::GetMaxConcurrency -- that could result in a deadlock. This is
+   * because [1] JobTask::GetMaxConcurrency may be invoked while holding
+   * internal lock (A), hence JobTask::GetMaxConcurrency can only use a lock (B)
+   * if that lock is *never* held while calling back into JobHandle from any
+   * thread (A=>B/B=>A deadlock) and [2] JobTask::Run or
+   * JobTask::GetMaxConcurrency may be invoked synchronously from JobHandle
+   * (B=>JobHandle::foo=>B deadlock).
+   * Embedders should override CreateJobImpl() instead of PostJob().
+   */
+  std::unique_ptr<JobHandle> PostJob(
+      TaskPriority priority, std::unique_ptr<JobTask> job_task,
+      const SourceLocation& location = SourceLocation::Current()) {
+    auto handle = CreateJob(priority, std::move(job_task), location);
+    handle->NotifyConcurrencyIncrease();
+    return handle;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Creates and returns a JobHandle associated with a Job. Unlike PostJob(),
+   * this doesn't immediately schedules |worker_task| to run; the Job is then
+   * scheduled by calling either NotifyConcurrencyIncrease() or Join().
+   *
+   * A sufficient CreateJob() implementation that uses the default Job provided
+   * in libplatform looks like:
+   *  std::unique_ptr<JobHandle> CreateJob(
+   *      TaskPriority priority, std::unique_ptr<JobTask> job_task) override {
+   *    return v8::platform::NewDefaultJobHandle(
+   *        this, priority, std::move(job_task), NumberOfWorkerThreads());
+   * }
+   *
+   * Embedders should override CreateJobImpl() instead of CreateJob().
+   */
+  std::unique_ptr<JobHandle> CreateJob(
+      TaskPriority priority, std::unique_ptr<JobTask> job_task,
+      const SourceLocation& location = SourceLocation::Current()) {
+    return CreateJobImpl(priority, std::move(job_task), location);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Instantiates a ScopedBlockingCall to annotate a scope that may/will block.
+   */
+  virtual std::unique_ptr<ScopedBlockingCall> CreateBlockingScope(
+      BlockingType blocking_type) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Monotonically increasing time in seconds from an arbitrary fixed point in
+   * the past. This function is expected to return at least
+   * millisecond-precision values. For this reason,
+   * it is recommended that the fixed point be no further in the past than
+   * the epoch.
+   **/
+  virtual double MonotonicallyIncreasingTime() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Current wall-clock time in milliseconds since epoch. Use
+   * CurrentClockTimeMillisHighResolution() when higher precision is
+   * required.
+   */
+  virtual int64_t CurrentClockTimeMilliseconds() {
+    return static_cast<int64_t>(floor(CurrentClockTimeMillis()));
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * This function is deprecated and will be deleted. Use either
+   * CurrentClockTimeMilliseconds() or
+   * CurrentClockTimeMillisecondsHighResolution().
+   */
+  virtual double CurrentClockTimeMillis() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Same as CurrentClockTimeMilliseconds(), but with more precision.
+   */
+  virtual double CurrentClockTimeMillisecondsHighResolution() {
+    return CurrentClockTimeMillis();
+  }
+
+  typedef void (*StackTracePrinter)();
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a function pointer that print a stack trace of the current stack
+   * on invocation. Disables printing of the stack trace if nullptr.
+   */
+  virtual StackTracePrinter GetStackTracePrinter() { return nullptr; }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns an instance of a v8::TracingController. This must be non-nullptr.
+   */
+  virtual TracingController* GetTracingController() = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Tells the embedder to generate and upload a crashdump during an unexpected
+   * but non-critical scenario.
+   */
+  virtual void DumpWithoutCrashing() {}
+
+  /**
+   * Allows the embedder to observe sections with high throughput allocation
+   * operations.
+   */
+  virtual HighAllocationThroughputObserver*
+  GetHighAllocationThroughputObserver() {
+    static HighAllocationThroughputObserver default_observer;
+    return &default_observer;
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  /**
+   * Default implementation of current wall-clock time in milliseconds
+   * since epoch. Useful for implementing |CurrentClockTimeMillis| if
+   * nothing special needed.
+   */
+  V8_EXPORT static double SystemClockTimeMillis();
+
+  /**
+   * Creates and returns a JobHandle associated with a Job.
+   */
+  virtual std::unique_ptr<JobHandle> CreateJobImpl(
+      TaskPriority priority, std::unique_ptr<JobTask> job_task,
+      const SourceLocation& location) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task with |priority| to be invoked on a worker thread.
+   */
+  virtual void PostTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl(TaskPriority priority,
+                                          std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+                                          const SourceLocation& location) = 0;
+
+  /**
+   * Schedules a task with |priority| to be invoked on a worker thread after
+   * |delay_in_seconds| expires.
+   */
+  virtual void PostDelayedTaskOnWorkerThreadImpl(
+      TaskPriority priority, std::unique_ptr<Task> task,
+      double delay_in_seconds, const SourceLocation& location) = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace v8
+
+#endif  // V8_V8_PLATFORM_H_