@kudzujs/core 0.14.3 → 0.16.1

package/MIGRATION_ROADMAP.md

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ Syntax compatibility does not mean reproducing React wholesale. Kudzu accepts th
 - stronger JavaScript failure resilience;
 - no remaining material large-route build-scaling weakness.
 
-The active 0.9 plan defines the exact comparison and release gate. Benchmark-only feature omission, unmatched accessibility, weighted scores that hide losses, and unrecorded environment differences do not count as proof.
+The completed 0.9 plan defines the cross-framework comparison and release gate. The active application packet is `0.16.2` in the capability release plan below. Benchmark-only feature omission, unmatched accessibility, weighted scores that hide losses, and unrecorded environment differences do not count as proof.
 
 ### 0.10.0 Through 0.21.x: Application Capability Release Train
 
@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ The following are available building blocks, not future vertical roadmaps:
 - `useState`, independent repeated non-keyed child state with conditional mount ownership, reduced relative-imported `useReducer`, direct dispatch specialization, and reduced Zustand-shaped shared state lowered through package-neutral shared-state/action IR and proven by migration fixtures.
 - Mount and dependency effects with cleanup, route/layout lifetimes, conditional/keyed ownership, stale-write isolation, and relative TypeScript Workers.
 - Direct browser-only package references in inline effect setup/cleanup callbacks bundle into route-owned effect ESM without entering build-time component execution or static sibling output.
+- A CodeMirror-class editor may retain one package instance across one mount effect and later dependency update effects through a null-initialized ref with one direct setup assignment and null-reset cleanup. The ref lowers to existing owner-scoped object state; package DOM, bidirectional updates, errors, accessibility, conditional disposal, and fresh remount require no widget runtime or React island.
 - Keyed local-state and imported static collections, pure selectors, nested direct-property lists, recursive and directly exported row specialization, static/keyed component reuse, analyzable specialized prop spreads, serializable literal defaults, direct intrinsic rest forwarding, forwarded JSX children, latest-item handlers, row state/effects/refs, and stable keyed identity.
 - Direct object-state props with one-segment binding/effect/list consumers when the child directly maps an array field; ComponentAnalysis links every consumer to the parent SignalIR without authored field state or a browser component.
 - Complete-document native fallback and optional shared-layout navigation groups with parameter initialization, finite prefetch caching, focus, history, cleanup, and independent capability output.

package/PERFORMANCE.md

@@ -2,6 +2,104 @@
 
 Reproducibility classes: `npm run benchmark`, `npm run benchmark:keyed`, `npm run benchmark:native`, `npm run benchmark:module-cache`, `npm run benchmark:project-navigation`, `npm run benchmark:project-state`, and `npm run benchmark:source-scale` are maintained in this repository; `npm run benchmark:commerce` is a maintained paired runner over the public external storefront; older excluded-workspace sections are historical provenance only and are not current framework rankings.
 
+## 0.16.1 Retained Editor Ownership
+
+Measured 2026-08-28 on Linux x64 with Node 24.14.0 and Chrome. The new
+CodeMirror fixture emits 7 JavaScript files totaling 214,968 raw / 71,607
+aggregate gzip bytes, while its static sibling emits zero JavaScript. These
+bytes belong to the real editor package and existing selected effect/runtime
+capabilities; no retained-ref runtime file or shared widget runtime was added.
+
+Required Chrome proves initial content, retained package DOM across application
+updates, editor-to-state updates, accessible error recovery, conditional
+disposal/remount, and document disposal. The maintained Worker benchmark remains
+byte-identical to 0.15.1 at 907 raw / 477 gzip B for the Worker graph and 14,456
+raw / 6,159 gzip B for the window graph. The generated 50-route, 500-module
+source-scale fixture retains compiler digest
+`7c366079a984b3d62fb19a26305326d3278f029d2193d39340ddd3a4be5adc6e` and
+output digest `e107d78a7f55bc8a1af0ea6e53efeffa19b3d44d21c892484d103fa346e7ba7b`.
+Timing from this Linux host is recorded only as a local check and is not compared
+with the prior macOS release sweep.
+
+## 0.15.1 Maintained Benchmark Sweep
+
+Remeasured 2026-08-27 on macOS arm64 with Node 24.14.0, Apple M4 hardware,
+16 GiB RAM, and Chrome 151.0.7922.174. Candidate comparisons use clean
+`v0.14.3` except project-state scale, whose maintained contract compares the
+published `0.10.0` baseline. Every paired compiler/native/commerce output digest
+or manifest is identical unless the row below records route-specific `0.15.1`
+output.
+
+| Maintained runner | Current `0.15.1` result |
+|---|---|
+| `npm run benchmark` | Worker-effects clean-build median 220.1 ms; Worker graph 907 raw / 477 gzip B; window graph 14,456 / 6,159 B. |
+| `npm run benchmark:keyed` | 2,000-row build 233.2 ms; append 2.2 ms, filter 3.9 ms, restore 15.6 ms, reverse 5.3 ms medians; 30,048 raw / 11,748 gzip B JavaScript. |
+| `RUNS=7 npm run benchmark:native` | `v0.14.3` / `0.15.1` dispatch medians 3.5 / 3.4 ms for 5,000 clicks; identical 14,354 raw / 6,470 gzip B JavaScript and zero changed files. |
+| `RUNS=7 WARMUPS=1 npm run benchmark:module-cache` | `v0.14.3` / `0.15.1` medians 248.338 / 249.692 ms and 296.9 / 296.8 MiB peak RSS; identical 454,007-byte result and digest. |
+| `npm run benchmark:source-scale` | 50 routes, 500 modules, 50,550 lines: `v0.14.3` / `0.15.1` compile medians 499.3 / 498.9 ms and clean builds 851.5 / 853.8 ms; identical compiler and output digests. |
+| `RUNS=7 npm run benchmark:commerce` | 1,011-page storefront: `v0.14.3` / `0.15.1` clean-build medians 1,854.6 / 1,822.1 ms; all 1,053 files and 10,140,618 output bytes match. |
+| `npm run benchmark:project-navigation` | Seven-profile table update median 0.4 ms and navigation median 2.3 ms; 17 session JavaScript files total 77,779 raw / 27,050 gzip B. |
+| `npm run benchmark:project-state` | One-, eight-, and 32-state commit medians 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 ms; deploy digest `3f83712254d95f1cf59c5034f363ea906406efa1bd9539f3bb8b9a0d54a3fdc5`. |
+| `npm run benchmark:project-list-decision` | Direct load 138.2 ms with 90,023 nodes; pagination load/range 39.6/5.8 ms with 2,867 nodes; window load/range 40.7/5.8 ms with 2,868 nodes. |
+
+The paired timing ranges overlap at module-cache and source-scale granularity,
+so no compiler regression or improvement is claimed. Native output is byte
+identical. Pagination remains selected over the timing-tied authored window: it
+uses one listener instead of two, has lower median heap (1,485,168 versus
+1,586,528 B), and preserves native page, focus, keyboard, and variable-row-height
+behavior without fixed-height range policy.
+
+## 0.15.1 Public Cross-Framework Commerce Fixture
+
+Measured 2026-08-27 from public fixture commit
+`f2d5be1a516c539e30f7125f6870d42b1dd02ecd` with 1,000 products and Kudzu
+linked to this `0.15.1` checkout. The matched variants use Astro 7.1.3 with
+React 19.2.8, React Router 8.3.0, TanStack Start 1.168.32, and Next.js 16.2.11.
+All five builds completed before the same asset and browser harnesses ran.
+
+| Variant | Initial JavaScript across six routes, gzip | Total output | First reliable click after first paint | Degraded capabilities |
+|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
+| Kudzu 0.15.1 | 4.2-9.9 KiB | 9.42 MiB | 300 ms | 15 / 18 |
+| Astro 7.1.3 + React | 60.6-61.1 KiB | 13.95 MiB | 1,500 ms | 12 / 18 |
+| React Router 8.3.0 | 103.8-104.6 KiB | 7.04 MiB | 2,000 ms | 8 / 18 |
+| TanStack Start 1.168.32 | 103.5-104.1 KiB | 9.87 MiB | 2,000 ms | 9 / 18 |
+| Next.js 16.2.11 | 144.2-146.2 KiB | 35.76 MiB | 3,000 ms | 8 / 18 |
+
+The initial-JavaScript column records what Chrome actually received for home,
+search, collection, product, policy, and checkout routes. Browser results are
+medians from seven fresh sessions under 4x CPU slowdown and Chrome Slow 4G.
+Reliable click is the first tested delay with zero lost add-to-cart attempts in
+seven isolated sessions. The resilience score covers six matched capabilities
+under blocked JavaScript, a two-second script delay, and one missing script.
+Pre-rendered content and native links remain usable without JavaScript in every
+variant; the score does not treat read-only fallback as full interactivity.
+
+This is the current executable public commerce comparison, not a replacement
+for the broader historical 0.9 C1/C2/C5 contracts. That ignored local workspace
+is unavailable in current checkouts, so its React, Vue, Svelte, and Astro result
+remains provenance rather than a current ranking. The public commerce fixture
+does not contain Vue or Svelte variants.
+
+## 0.15.1 Key-Scoped Native Popover Intake
+
+Measured 2026-08-27 on macOS arm64 with Node 24.14.0 and Chrome
+151.0.7922.174. The maintained project fixture uses native Popover with one
+key-scoped `useId()` relationship per project row. Required Chrome verifies
+Escape, light dismiss, trigger focus restoration, reorder identity, inserted
+and remounted IDs, and enhanced-navigation cleanup.
+
+The application emits 44 files totaling 171,202 raw / 53,629 aggregate gzip
+bytes with deploy SHA-256
+`46ba45b4a423b9627c6ede5f8dd3a667f593cb5401454ae42ecc66207b07b323`.
+The maintained two-route session contains 17 JavaScript files totaling 77,779
+raw / 27,050 aggregate gzip bytes. `/help` remains 0 B JavaScript.
+
+Seven fresh Chrome profiles record table update samples of `[0.4, 0.4, 0.5,
+0.4, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5]` ms, a 0.5 ms median and 0.4/0.5 ms range. Navigation
+samples are `[4, 2.4, 2.6, 2.5, 2.5, 2.8, 2.4]` ms, a 2.5 ms median and 2.4/4
+ms range. These ranges overlap prior retained-path evidence; no timing
+improvement or regression is claimed.
+
 ## 0.14.3 10,000-Item Browser Decision Intake
 
 Measured 2026-08-27 on Linux x64 with Node 24.14.0 and Chrome

package/README.md

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ Kudzu compiles ordinary React-shaped TypeScript and TSX into complete static HTM
 
 *Watch: React-shaped TSX to static HTML and route-specific ESM in 22 seconds.*
 
-> Experimental `0.14.x`: the compiler API and supported TSX surface may change.
+> Experimental `0.15.x`: the compiler API and supported TSX surface may change.
 
-**Latest release: 0.14.3 - 10,000-item browser decision.** Measured direct DOM, pagination, and scroll-window alternatives select native pagination for large project tables without adding virtualization or range runtime semantics. Read the [release notes](./RELEASES.md#0143---10000-item-browser-decision), open the [release page](https://github.com/kudzujs/kudzu/releases/tag/v0.14.3), or follow the [architecture packet](./docs/next-architecture/README.md).
+**Latest release: 0.16.1 - Retained external editor ownership.** A CodeMirror-class editor can retain one package instance across mount and dependency effects while Kudzu keeps disposal, remount, errors, and static exclusion owner-bounded. Read the [release notes](./RELEASES.md#0161---retained-external-editor-ownership), open the [release page](https://github.com/kudzujs/kudzu/releases/tag/v0.16.1), or follow the [architecture packet](./docs/next-architecture/README.md).
 
 - [Documentation](https://kudzujs.cloud/docs)
 - [Installation guide](https://kudzujs.cloud/docs#install)

package/RELEASES.md

@@ -1,5 +1,75 @@
 # Kudzu Releases
 
+## 0.16.1 - Retained External Editor Ownership
+
+Kudzu 0.16.1 lets one CodeMirror-class package instance remain owned across a
+mount effect and later dependency update effects without a React island or
+generic widget runtime.
+
+### Changed in 0.16.1
+
+- Lowers one proven unattached `useRef(null)` retained-instance handle to
+  existing owner-scoped object state.
+- Requires one empty-dependency mount effect, one direct setup assignment,
+  direct null-reset cleanup, and read-only later dependency effects.
+- Preserves editor DOM identity across application-state and editor-to-state
+  updates, including accessible package errors and recovery.
+- Disposes on conditional and document release; remount receives a fresh handle.
+- Rejects malformed cleanup, update-effect writes, multiple retained handles,
+  aliases, event use, and attached retained refs.
+- Adds no IR kind, runtime concept, resource registry, React, or widget runtime.
+- Updates `create-kudzu@0.1.127` to generate projects on
+  `@kudzujs/core@^0.16.1`.
+
+### Output And Browser Evidence
+
+- The CodeMirror fixture emits 7 JavaScript files totaling 214,968 raw /
+  71,607 aggregate gzip bytes; its static sibling emits zero JavaScript.
+- Required Chrome proves initial mount, retained application updates,
+  editor-to-state updates, package-error recovery, disposal, and fresh remount.
+- The smaller Typed.js boundary fixture proves the same existing effect owner
+  without any production compiler change.
+
+### Upgrade
+
+```sh
+npm install @kudzujs/core@^0.16.1
+```
+
+## 0.15.1 - Key-Scoped Native Popovers
+
+Kudzu 0.15.1 lets ordinary keyed row components use `useId()` for native
+Popover triggers and intrinsic ID relationships without duplicate cloned IDs.
+
+### Changed in 0.15.1
+
+- Key-scoped keyed-row `useId()` through the existing list ownership path.
+- Rewrites cloned `id`, `htmlFor`, static ARIA IDREF, `form`, `headers`, `list`,
+  and `popovertarget` attributes.
+- Rejects keyed IDs used in text, handlers, aliases, arbitrary attributes, or
+  component prop forwarding.
+- Proves native Popover Escape, light dismiss, trigger focus restoration,
+  retained reorder identity, inserted and remounted IDs, and route cleanup.
+- Adds no overlay runtime, focus manager, positioning engine, Portal/Slot
+  reconciliation, retained component tree, or public API.
+- Updates `create-kudzu@0.1.126` to generate projects on
+  `@kudzujs/core@^0.15.1`.
+
+### Output And Browser Evidence
+
+- The maintained application emits 44 files totaling 171,202 raw / 53,629
+  aggregate gzip bytes; `/help` remains 0 B JavaScript.
+- The two-route session remains 17 JavaScript files totaling 77,779 raw /
+  27,050 aggregate gzip bytes.
+- Seven Chrome profiles record a 0.5 ms table-update median and 2.5 ms
+  navigation median, within prior retained-path ranges.
+
+### Upgrade
+
+```sh
+npm install @kudzujs/core@^0.15.1
+```
+
 ## 0.14.3 - 10,000-Item Browser Decision
 
 Kudzu 0.14.3 measures direct DOM, pagination, and scroll-window alternatives

package/docs/next-architecture/0.9-implementation-plan.md

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 ## Document Role
 
-This document is the detailed delivery plan for [`0.9-semantic-compression.md`](./0.9-semantic-compression.md). The Semantic Compression document defines direction, work order, and release gates. This document decomposes that work into executable sessions, artifacts, tests, measurements, reviews, and stop conditions.
+This document is the completed detailed delivery record for [`0.9-semantic-compression.md`](./0.9-semantic-compression.md). It retains the executable sessions, artifacts, tests, measurements, reviews, and stop conditions that produced `0.9.0`; current execution follows the application capability release plan.
 
-This plan does not mark `0.9.0` as released. The current package version remains the version recorded in `package.json`. Package metadata, release notes, public support claims, and generator ranges change only during the final release procedure after every gate passes.
+`0.9.0` is released and this plan is historical. The current package version remains the version recorded in `package.json`; package metadata, release notes, public support claims, and generator ranges still change only through the active release procedure after every gate passes.
 
 Use this document to answer:
 

package/docs/next-architecture/0.9-semantic-compression.md

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@
 
 This is the completed execution record after `0.8.62`. Every release gate in this document is satisfied by `0.9.0`; follow-on model-driven delivery work remains separately gated for 1.0.
 
-The executable session-by-session decomposition, current implementation seams, benchmark restoration work, report templates, and release procedure are maintained in [`0.9-implementation-plan.md`](./0.9-implementation-plan.md). This document remains authoritative for direction, order, and release gates; the detailed plan is authoritative for execution within each ordered item.
+The historical session-by-session decomposition, implementation seams, benchmark restoration work, report templates, and release procedure are retained in [`0.9-implementation-plan.md`](./0.9-implementation-plan.md). This document remains authoritative for the completed 0.9 direction, order, and release gates; current execution follows the application capability release plan.
 
-Read documents in this order before 0.9 work:
+Read documents in this order when reviewing the completed 0.9 work:
 
 1. [`MIGRATION_ROADMAP.md`](../../MIGRATION_ROADMAP.md) for product invariants and feature selection.
-2. This document for the active 0.9 scope and work order.
+2. This document for the completed 0.9 scope and work order.
 3. [`0.9-implementation-plan.md`](./0.9-implementation-plan.md) for executable session packets and evidence.
 4. [`compiler-current-architecture.md`](./compiler-current-architecture.md) for current owners and data flow.
 5. [`performance-gates.md`](./performance-gates.md) for required measurements.

package/docs/next-architecture/README.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ The top-level [`GOAL_A.md`](../../GOAL_A.md) and [`GOAL_B.md`](../../GOAL_B.md)
 | Goal | Decision | Start condition |
 |---|---|---|
 | A: compiler foundation | Complete in `0.8.23` | The no-write source compiler, RouteIR v1, CapabilityIR v1, generator boundaries, and output baseline are recorded. |
-| B: optimization benchmarks | Active | Keyed restoration, no-op normalization, exact route-entry transform reuse, and identical route-entry file sharing are retained; continue only when another current fixture reproduces a material loss. |
+| B: optimization benchmarks | Maintained gate | Keyed restoration, no-op normalization, exact route-entry transform reuse, and identical route-entry file sharing are retained; continue only when another current fixture reproduces a material loss. |
 | C: state/resource model | Research only | Reduced fixtures expose a limitation |
 | D: routing compatibility | Current behavior preserved | Revisit only with migration evidence and invariant review |
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ The completed `0.9.0` milestone is recorded in [`0.9-semantic-compression.md`](.
 
 [`1.0-large-application-compatibility-audit.md`](./1.0-large-application-compatibility-audit.md) records the first post-0.9 probes against Memos, Apache Answer, and Actual Budget. The audit finds that reduced slices build but whole-application source retention and behavior parity do not yet pass.
 
-[`application-capability-release-plan.md`](./application-capability-release-plan.md) is the authoritative post-0.9 execution queue. It assigns one application-capability section to each minor release and one independently accepted evidence packet to each patch release from `0.10.0` through the `1.0.0` gate. It supersedes the provisional 0.10/0.11/0.12 tool-first ordering in the completed 0.9 handoff without rewriting that historical record.
+[`application-capability-release-plan.md`](./application-capability-release-plan.md) is the authoritative post-0.9 execution queue, currently at `0.16.2`. It assigns one application-capability section to each minor release and one independently accepted evidence packet to each patch release from `0.10.0` through the `1.0.0` gate. It supersedes the provisional 0.10/0.11/0.12 tool-first ordering in the completed 0.9 handoff without rewriting that historical record.
 
 ## Required Invariants
 

package/docs/next-architecture/application-capability-release-plan.md

@@ -959,7 +959,7 @@ projects on `@kudzujs/core@^0.14.1`.
 - **Done condition:** the full journey passes with explicit network and memory
   bounds.
 
-Release candidate evidence complete. The maintained project application adds one
+Published release evidence complete. The maintained project application adds one
 intrinsic sentinel, an owned native `IntersectionObserver`, cursor and request
 primitive state, an owned fetch with `AbortController`, immutable keyed append,
 duplicate ID suppression, and explicit loading/error/retry/end UI. The authored
@@ -1030,6 +1030,13 @@ virtual range ownership.
 - **Done condition:** range semantics are package-neutral, optional, measured,
   and absent from non-virtual routes.
 
+Closed by stop condition. The `0.14.3` decision selected pagination over both
+direct 10,000-row DOM and the authored fixed-height scroll window. No independent
+application fixture proves pagination or application-owned bounded ranges
+insufficient, against the required three. Kudzu therefore adds no visible-range
+owner, measurement policy, range primitive, or virtualization runtime and moves
+to the next evidence-ready application capability.
+
 ## `0.15.x`: Overlay And Layer Ownership
 
 ### `0.15.0`: Native Dialog Baseline
@@ -1040,6 +1047,32 @@ virtual range ownership.
 - **Stop condition:** a custom modal/focus-trap runtime replaces `<dialog>`.
 - **Done condition:** project delete and edit confirmation pass accessibly.
 
+Validation evidence is complete and the packet closed without consuming a release
+because no production compiler or runtime changed. The maintained
+project application replaces immediate keyed project deletion with one shared
+native `<dialog>`, one route-owned object ref, and one pending project ID state.
+Existing row callback specialization opens the browser top layer; native cancel,
+explicit cancel, and confirmation handlers close it without a Portal, focus trap,
+overlay runtime, or retained component tree.
+
+Required Chrome proves modal top-layer behavior, native initial focus, explicit
+cancel, Escape-equivalent `requestClose()`, trigger-focus restoration, confirmed
+keyed deletion with fallback focus, retained sibling identity, and exact top-layer
+release on enhanced route navigation. The static `/help` sibling remains 0 B
+JavaScript. The slice adds no semantic primitive, IR kind, compiler pass,
+production compiler/runtime line, normalization rule, adapter, runtime concept,
+or public API. The application emits 44 files totaling 169,778 raw / 53,294
+aggregate gzip bytes with deploy SHA-256
+`91c5517e69c341bbd2051f07b3f0ad7df627098ba8e1984561268ea8666f3407`.
+The maintained two-route session remains 17 JavaScript files totaling 77,453 raw
+/ 26,905 aggregate gzip bytes.
+
+Seven fresh macOS arm64 Chrome 151 profiles record table update samples of
+`[0.5, 0.6, 0.6, 0.6, 0.6, 0.4, 0.5]` ms, a 0.6 ms median and 0.4/0.6 ms range,
+plus navigation samples of `[2.3, 2.6, 2.9, 2.6, 2.5, 2.7, 2.5]` ms, a 2.6 ms
+median and 2.3/2.9 ms range. These retained-path ranges overlap the previous
+same-environment evidence, so no timing improvement or regression is claimed.
+
 ### `0.15.1`: Popover, Dropdown, And Menu Behavior
 
 - **Purpose:** establish the native-first non-modal overlay boundary.
@@ -1050,6 +1083,48 @@ virtual range ownership.
 - **Stop condition:** package Portal/Slot reconciliation enters the runtime.
 - **Done condition:** supported native and custom boundaries are explicit.
 
+Completed with the maintained project application as the qualifying fixture. A
+keyed project row now authors one top-level `useId()`, a native
+`popovertarget`, and a native `popover="auto"` action group. The compiler scopes
+the generated ID by the existing keyed ownership path and the list runtime
+rewrites only intrinsic `id`, `for`, static ARIA IDREF, `form`, `headers`,
+`list`, and `popovertarget` attributes. Unsupported ID escapes receive a source
+diagnostic. Native Chrome behavior supplies the top layer, Escape, light
+dismiss, and trigger focus restoration; ordinary keyed ownership preserves IDs
+across reorder, scopes inserted rows, recreates deterministic IDs after
+remove/re-add, and releases an open popover during enhanced navigation. The
+authored overlay uses static anchor positioning and `role="group"`, so menu
+roving focus is not applicable.
+
+The slice adds no semantic primitive, IR kind, compiler pass, runtime concept,
+public API, Portal/Slot reconciliation, focus manager, positioning engine, or
+retained overlay tree. It adds 52 and removes 24 production lines across the
+source compiler, RouteIR validation, capability projection, build renderer, and
+existing list runtime. The maintained application emits 44 files totaling
+171,202 raw / 53,629 aggregate gzip bytes with deploy SHA-256
+`46ba45b4a423b9627c6ede5f8dd3a667f593cb5401454ae42ecc66207b07b323`.
+The two-route session remains 17 JavaScript files totaling 77,779 raw / 27,050
+aggregate gzip bytes, a 326 raw / 145 gzip byte increase from `0.15.0`; the
+static `/help` sibling remains 0 B JavaScript. Familiar React-shaped `useId()`
+authoring remains intact, so no application adapter or migration-only source
+structure is added.
+
+Seven fresh macOS arm64 Chrome 151 profiles record table update samples of
+`[0.4, 0.4, 0.5, 0.4, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5]` ms, a 0.5 ms median and 0.4/0.5 ms range,
+plus navigation samples of `[4, 2.4, 2.6, 2.5, 2.5, 2.8, 2.4]` ms, a 2.5 ms
+median and 2.4/4 ms range. These retained-path ranges overlap prior evidence,
+so no timing improvement or regression is claimed.
+
+Release transaction complete at commit
+`2dd5c409d3553cdf0b04080f1ba7c39b4541c523` and immutable tag `v0.15.1`.
+CI run `33069675599` passed both jobs. The GitHub release is
+[`v0.15.1`](https://github.com/kudzujs/kudzu/releases/tag/v0.15.1), and publish
+workflow run `33071439012` published and verified `@kudzujs/core@0.15.1` and
+`create-kudzu@0.1.126`. A fresh registry install imported `useId()` from core
+and confirmed both exact package versions. The first publish attempt stopped at
+the existing concurrent Chrome timing gate before any publish step; the exact
+same immutable tag passed on the release-event retry.
+
 ### `0.15.2`: Toast And Notification Ownership
 
 - **Purpose:** provide application feedback across route mutations.
@@ -1061,6 +1136,15 @@ virtual range ownership.
 - **Done condition:** notifications remain owner-bounded and absent from unused
   route output.
 
+**Result:** closed by ordinary layout composition. The maintained project
+application now owns one deduplicated notification queue in layout state, renders
+keyed rows in a native polite live region, and uses one cleanup-owned sequential
+timeout plus explicit dismissal. Required Chrome preserves the live-region and
+row identities through enhanced route replacement, proves timeout removal and
+disposal, and keeps `/help` at zero JavaScript. The 45-file deploy totals 193,770
+raw / 60,227 aggregate gzip bytes. No scheduler, primitive, runtime concept, or
+production source changed, so no release was consumed.
+
 ### `0.15.3`: Layer Owner Decision
 
 - **Purpose:** decide whether logical ownership of DOM rendered outside its
@@ -1071,6 +1155,13 @@ virtual range ownership.
 - **Done condition:** no new concept is added, or a minimal owner edge with exact
   cleanup/focus order is approved.
 
+**Result:** closed with no owner edge. Native dialog and Popover already satisfy
+modal and non-modal top-layer behavior, while maintained dropdown, tooltip,
+notification, and menu fixtures compose in their authored ranges. Zero fixtures
+fail because DOM must render outside its authored range, below the required three
+independent failures. Portal source compatibility alone remains insufficient;
+no production source or release changed.
+
 ## `0.16.x`: External Complex UI
 
 ### `0.16.0`: Bounded External UI Contract
@@ -1084,6 +1175,12 @@ virtual range ownership.
 - **Done condition:** package ownership remains inside effect/handler ESM and no
   generic widget runtime is added.
 
+**Result:** closed through existing effect ownership. A real Typed.js instance
+creates DOM from one attached host ref, replaces on application-state dependency
+change, disposes on conditional/document release, and remounts fresh. The package
+is absent from the complete zero-JavaScript static sibling. No compiler, IR,
+runtime concept, or production source changed, so no release was consumed.
+
 ### `0.16.1`: Real Editor Lifecycle
 
 - **Purpose:** integrate one real CodeMirror-class editor.
@@ -1093,6 +1190,18 @@ virtual range ownership.
 - **Done condition:** the native package owns its DOM and Kudzu owns only its
   bounded lifecycle.
 
+**Result:** complete. The Apache Answer-derived CodeMirror fixture exposes the
+first real retained-instance failure: an unattached `useRef(null)` shared by one
+mount/cleanup effect and a later dependency update effect was incorrectly treated
+as a DOM ref. Kudzu now lowers exactly one proven retained handle to existing
+owner-scoped object state. Required Chrome proves initial value, retained
+application updates, editor-to-state updates, package-error recovery, accessible
+textbox naming, conditional disposal, fresh remount, and document disposal. The
+fixture emits 214,968 raw / 71,607 aggregate gzip JavaScript bytes while its
+static sibling emits zero. One existing normalization pass grows; semantic
+concepts, IR kinds, runtime concepts, runtime files, and public APIs remain
+unchanged.
+
 ### `0.16.2`: Chart And Map Lifecycle
 
 - **Purpose:** validate the same contract against unrelated canvas/SVG/map DOM.
@@ -1477,5 +1586,12 @@ release transaction where possible or document and publish a forward-fix patch.
 | `0.14.0` | Released | Preserve native table CRUD, retained identity, keyboard access, and measured update evidence. | None |
 | `0.14.1` | Released | Preserve immutable object-state replacement, nested keyed identity, latest handlers, and exact row release. | None |
 | `0.14.2` | Released | Preserve bounded cursor loading, duplicate suppression, retry/end behavior, retained identity, and route cleanup. | None |
-| `0.14.3` | Release candidate | Complete commit, CI, tag, GitHub release, npm publication, and registry verification. | Release transaction |
-| `0.14.4` onward | Blocked | Complete or explicitly close `0.14.3` first. | Ordered patch boundary |
+| `0.14.3` | Released | Preserve the published 10,000-item pagination decision and measurement evidence. | None |
+| `0.14.4` | Closed by stop condition | Preserve pagination as the selected strategy until three independent fixtures authorize virtual ownership review. | Evidence favors pagination; zero qualifying fixtures |
+| `0.15.0` | Closed by native composition | Preserve the native dialog, focus, cancellation, keyed deletion, and route cleanup evidence. | No production change; no release consumed |
+| `0.15.1` | Released | Preserve key-scoped IDs, native Popover behavior, retained keyed identity, and route cleanup evidence. | None |
+| `0.15.2` | Closed by layout composition | Preserve owner-bounded queue, deduplication, dismissal, route persistence, live-region, and timer cleanup evidence. | No production change; no release consumed |
+| `0.15.3` | Closed by stop condition | Preserve native top-layer and in-place composition until three independent authored-range failures exist. | Zero qualifying failures; no release consumed |
+| `0.16.0` | Closed by existing effect ownership | Preserve real package mount, replacement, disposal, remount, and static exclusion evidence. | No production change; no release consumed |
+| `0.16.1` | Released | Preserve the retained CodeMirror instance boundary, bidirectional updates, error recovery, accessibility, and exact cleanup. | None |
+| `0.16.2` | Active | Validate the same lifecycle against one unrelated real chart or map package. | None |

package/docs/next-architecture/compiler-current-architecture.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Current Compiler Architecture
 
-This maps the current `0.9.0` architecture, built on the completed `0.8.23` Goal A compiler foundation. File and function names are the stable references; line numbers are intentionally omitted because later work may still move code.
+This maps the current `0.16.1` architecture, built on the completed `0.9.0` semantic-compression release and `0.8.23` Goal A compiler foundation. The active application packet is `0.16.2`; file and function names are the stable references, while line numbers are intentionally omitted because later work may still move code.
 
 ## Responsibility Map
 

package/docs/next-architecture/large-application-ai-native-roadmap.md

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 ## Status
 
-Completed compiler-foundation record and longer-term plan after `0.8.35`. The active post-`0.8.62` execution queue is [`0.9-semantic-compression.md`](./0.9-semantic-compression.md). This document does not mark any remaining planned capability as supported and does not authorize a React runtime, VDOM, hydration, retained browser component tree, generic rerenderer, public store/query/resource API, SPA router, or islands.
+Completed compiler-foundation record and longer-term plan after `0.8.35`. The [`0.9-semantic-compression.md`](./0.9-semantic-compression.md) execution queue is complete. The active queue for current work is [`application-capability-release-plan.md`](./application-capability-release-plan.md) at packet `0.16.2`. This document does not mark any remaining planned capability as supported and does not authorize a React runtime, VDOM, hydration, retained browser component tree, generic rerenderer, public store/query/resource API, SPA router, or islands.
 
-[`MIGRATION_ROADMAP.md`](../../MIGRATION_ROADMAP.md) remains authoritative for product invariants and fixture-driven feature selection. [`0.9-semantic-compression.md`](./0.9-semantic-compression.md) is authoritative for current work order and evidence; this plan retains the completed foundation, deferred program, and long-term production gates. If implementation evidence changes either boundary, update the relevant document before broadening a patch.
+[`MIGRATION_ROADMAP.md`](../../MIGRATION_ROADMAP.md) remains the product authority for product invariants and fixture-driven feature selection. [`application-capability-release-plan.md`](./application-capability-release-plan.md) is authoritative for current work order and evidence at packet `0.16.2`; this plan retains the completed foundation, deferred program, and long-term production gates. If implementation evidence changes either boundary, update the relevant document before broadening a patch.
 
 ## Product Outcome
 
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ The first comparison is Kudzu versus React + Vite using the same agent, model, t
 
 ## Production Gates Before 1.0
 
-- The active `0.9.0` cross-framework gate proves lower browser cost and matched user-facing performance against React + Vite, Vue, Svelte, and Astro before AI productivity claims are considered.
+- The completed `0.9.0` cross-framework gate proves lower browser cost and matched user-facing performance against React + Vite, Vue, Svelte, and Astro before AI productivity claims are considered.
 - The maintained AI delivery suite uses the same model, tools, requirements, budgets, and acceptance checks across frameworks, includes failed attempts, and establishes the highest success rate plus lowest median cost per successful task before `1.0.0`.
 - Async native and effect work cannot write after ownership release.
 - Build output is staged, collision-safe, and rollback/recovery guarded.
@@ -483,4 +483,4 @@ The first comparison is Kudzu versus React + Vite using the same agent, model, t
 
 ## Immediate Decision
 
-PR 1 through PR 12, the `0.8.40` property-dependency slice, the `0.8.41` and `0.8.43` direct multi-boundary callback/ref slices, the `0.8.44` Context alias slice, the `0.8.46` action-only Provider setter slice, the `0.8.47` direct primitive, `0.8.57` plain-object prop, `0.8.58` direct keyed item, `0.8.59` direct array prop initializer, `0.8.60` matching array-draft setter-effect, `0.8.61` parameterized primitive debounce-hook, and `0.8.62` direct-ref outside-click-hook slices, the `0.8.48` repeated direct leaf-handler callback slice, the `0.8.49` direct child callback fan-out slice, the `0.8.50` package-neutral shared-state/action slice, the `0.8.51` owned-effect package import slice, the `0.8.52` effect-private mutable-ref slice, the `0.8.53` route/layout CSS closure slice, the `0.8.54` structural per-route capability/chunk report, the `0.8.55` signature-keyed runtime families, item 7 incremental source and affected-route builds, and the `0.8.42` measured route-output optimization are complete. Continue with `0.9.0-01` in the active Semantic Compression plan; keep ResourceIR limited to qualifying independent fixtures, and do not add range ownership, virtualization, optimistic transactions, a public adapter/store API, or a router before evidence justifies them.
+All listed foundation and `0.9` slices are complete. Current work continues at `0.16.2` Chart And Map Lifecycle under the [`application-capability-release-plan.md`](./application-capability-release-plan.md); keep ResourceIR limited to qualifying independent fixtures, and do not add range ownership, virtualization, optimistic transactions, a public adapter/store API, or a router before evidence justifies them.

package/docs/next-architecture/versioning.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Planned Version Sequence
 
-This is an execution sequence, not release history. `0.8.16` through `0.8.62` are completed scopes represented by package/release records. The active `0.10.0` through `1.0.0` minor/patch sequence is maintained in [`application-capability-release-plan.md`](./application-capability-release-plan.md); that plan supersedes the provisional tool-first 0.10/0.11/0.12 ordering in the completed 0.9 handoff.
+This is an execution sequence, not release history. `0.8.16` through `0.8.62` are completed scopes represented by package/release records. The `0.10.0` through `1.0.0` minor/patch sequence is maintained in [`application-capability-release-plan.md`](./application-capability-release-plan.md), currently at `0.16.2`; that plan supersedes the provisional tool-first 0.10/0.11/0.12 ordering in the completed 0.9 handoff.
 
 Keep each patch behavior-preserving and independently reviewable. If a boundary proves inseparable, revise this plan before combining releases; do not silently broaden a patch.
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Keep each patch behavior-preserving and independently reviewable. If a boundary
 
 ## Generator Versions
 
-`create-kudzu@0.1.125` retains the explicit install instructions and generates projects with `@kudzujs/core@^0.14.3`.
+`create-kudzu@0.1.127` retains the explicit install instructions and generates projects with `@kudzujs/core@^0.16.1`.
 
 ## Release Boundary
 

package/framework/README.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 Kudzu specializes ordinary common React-shaped TSX so migrations need minimal source restructuring. Declarative components, collection pipelines, conditions, hooks, and handlers should be lowered at build time rather than replaced with application-owned imperative DOM code. This principle applies across migrations and is not Stay-specific; it does not imply a React package, VDOM, hydration, or ecosystem runtime.
 
-Migration source may retain conventional `react` imports for supported named or aliased hooks, direct members such as `React.useState`, same-file `memo`, inline `useCallback`, direct-state expression or analyzable collection-pipeline `useMemo`, direct intrinsic `forwardRef`, top-level `const` identifiers initialized by `useId()`, and default, namespace, or named `Fragment`. A named or default zero-argument custom hook imported from a relative TypeScript module may return direct shorthand state/setter pairs and callbacks that capture those states, including a callback that resets multiple states to direct primitive literals; callers use one top-level `const` object destructuring without aliases, defaults, or rest. Relative Context-hook actions may require exposed Provider state/setter fields without forcing those hidden fields into public consumer destructuring; compiler-owned collision-free aliases preserve same-named consumer locals. Kudzu's JSX declarations accept ReactNode-shaped component returns and contextually type common intrinsic DOM events, so strict React component props do not need migration-only `unknown` or explicit event annotations. `forwardRef()` accepts one inline synchronous `(props, ref)` function and requires the object ref exactly once on its direct intrinsic root; the compiler removes `ref` from props/rest and erases the wrapper. `useId()` becomes a deterministic build-time HTML ID and emits no browser capability; keyed rows reject it because cloned row templates cannot safely duplicate HTML IDs. Collection memos may start from local array state or a named relative import of an exported JSON-safe `const` array, including type-only `as const` and `satisfies` wrappers, and may read direct local state declared in their dependency array. `compiler/react-migration-pass.mjs` canonicalizes those forms and rewrites module references to `@kudzujs/core` before build-time evaluation. Memo wrappers are erased or inlined into existing bindings and keyed-list selectors because no browser component rerender or memo cache exists. Static routes remain JavaScript-free and emitted modules are checked for surviving React imports.
+Migration source may retain conventional `react` imports for supported named or aliased hooks, direct members such as `React.useState`, same-file `memo`, inline `useCallback`, direct-state expression or analyzable collection-pipeline `useMemo`, direct intrinsic `forwardRef`, top-level `const` identifiers initialized by `useId()`, and default, namespace, or named `Fragment`. A named or default zero-argument custom hook imported from a relative TypeScript module may return direct shorthand state/setter pairs and callbacks that capture those states, including a callback that resets multiple states to direct primitive literals; callers use one top-level `const` object destructuring without aliases, defaults, or rest. Relative Context-hook actions may require exposed Provider state/setter fields without forcing those hidden fields into public consumer destructuring; compiler-owned collision-free aliases preserve same-named consumer locals. Kudzu's JSX declarations accept ReactNode-shaped component returns and contextually type common intrinsic DOM events, so strict React component props do not need migration-only `unknown` or explicit event annotations. `forwardRef()` accepts one inline synchronous `(props, ref)` function and requires the object ref exactly once on its direct intrinsic root; the compiler removes `ref` from props/rest and erases the wrapper. `useId()` becomes a deterministic build-time HTML ID and emits no browser capability; keyed rows key-scope direct intrinsic ID and ID-reference attributes through existing list ownership by row key. Collection memos may start from local array state or a named relative import of an exported JSON-safe `const` array, including type-only `as const` and `satisfies` wrappers, and may read direct local state declared in their dependency array. `compiler/react-migration-pass.mjs` canonicalizes those forms and rewrites module references to `@kudzujs/core` before build-time evaluation. Memo wrappers are erased or inlined into existing bindings and keyed-list selectors because no browser component rerender or memo cache exists. Static routes remain JavaScript-free and emitted modules are checked for surviving React imports.
 
 Compilation begins from page entries and follows relative runtime imports, re-exports, and validated Worker references; unreachable TypeScript migration files are not transformed. Direct maps over imported immutable JSON-safe arrays fold to literals for zero-JavaScript static rows. Synchronous relative calculation functions may return objects whose direct static fields feed reactive JSX bindings; build rendering uses current signal values and route-specific binding ESM reevaluates the same helper after state commits. One direct array field may instead feed a keyed intrinsic map: its evaluator refreshes a compiler-owned array anchor before the existing list reconciler runs, preserving keyed DOM and SVG identity without a calculation runtime. That field must remain a JSON-safe array after every source-state commit. Package imports have a separate narrow boundary: direct references inside intrinsic JSX event callbacks are erased from build modules and bundled into route handler ESM, while render-time, effect, helper-indirect, and mixed package use fails.
 

package/framework/compiler/effect-private-ref-pass.mjs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import ts from "typescript"
-import { effectReturns, importDeclarationNames, isNodeWithin, isShadowedIdentifier, nearestFunction, referenceIdentifiers, sourceNodeError, statementDeclaresName, unwrapExpression } from "./ast-helpers.mjs"
+import { effectReturns, importDeclarationNames, isNodeWithin, isShadowedIdentifier, nearestFunction, referenceIdentifiers, referencesIdentifier, sourceNodeError, statementDeclaresName, unwrapExpression } from "./ast-helpers.mjs"
 
 export function normalizeEffectPrivateRefs(sourceFile, factory, context) {
     const frameCall = (node, name) => ts.isCallExpression(node) && (
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ export function normalizeEffectPrivateRefs(sourceFile, factory, context) {
     }
     const hasUseRefImport = sourceFile.statements.some(statement => ts.isImportDeclaration(statement) && !statement.importClause?.isTypeOnly && ts.isStringLiteral(statement.moduleSpecifier) && ["react", "@kudzujs/core"].includes(statement.moduleSpecifier.text) && statement.importClause?.namedBindings && ts.isNamedImports(statement.importClause.namedBindings) && statement.importClause.namedBindings.elements.some(entry => !entry.propertyName && entry.name.text === "useRef"))
     const hasUseEffectImport = sourceFile.statements.some(statement => ts.isImportDeclaration(statement) && !statement.importClause?.isTypeOnly && ts.isStringLiteral(statement.moduleSpecifier) && ["react", "@kudzujs/core"].includes(statement.moduleSpecifier.text) && statement.importClause?.namedBindings && ts.isNamedImports(statement.importClause.namedBindings) && statement.importClause.namedBindings.elements.some(entry => !entry.propertyName && entry.name.text === "useEffect"))
+    const hasUseStateImport = sourceFile.statements.some(statement => ts.isImportDeclaration(statement) && !statement.importClause?.isTypeOnly && ts.isStringLiteral(statement.moduleSpecifier) && ["react", "@kudzujs/core"].includes(statement.moduleSpecifier.text) && statement.importClause?.namedBindings && ts.isNamedImports(statement.importClause.namedBindings) && statement.importClause.namedBindings.elements.some(entry => !entry.propertyName && entry.name.text === "useState"))
     const privateRefs = new Map()
     const effectRefs = new Map()
+    const retainedRefs = new Map()
     const registerPrivateRef = (node, callback) => {
       const initializer = ts.isNumericLiteral(node.initializer.arguments[0]) ? factory.createNumericLiteral(0) : factory.createNull()
       privateRefs.set(node, callback)
@@ -42,20 +44,60 @@ export function normalizeEffectPrivateRefs(sourceFile, factory, context) {
       const owner = nearestFunction(node)
       if (!owner?.body || !ts.isBlock(owner.body)) return
       const references = referenceIdentifiers(owner.body, node.name.text)
+      const attachedToJsx = references.some(reference => ts.isJsxExpression(reference.parent) && ts.isJsxAttribute(reference.parent.parent) && reference.parent.parent.name.text === "ref")
       const invalidReference = references.find(reference => !ts.isPropertyAccessExpression(reference.parent) || reference.parent.expression !== reference || reference.parent.name.text !== "current")
       const accesses = references.filter(reference => ts.isPropertyAccessExpression(reference.parent) && reference.parent.expression === reference && reference.parent.name.text === "current").map(reference => reference.parent)
+      const mutations = accesses.filter(access =>
+        (ts.isBinaryExpression(access.parent) && unwrapExpression(access.parent.left) === access && access.parent.operatorToken.kind >= ts.SyntaxKind.FirstAssignment && access.parent.operatorToken.kind <= ts.SyntaxKind.LastAssignment) ||
+        ((ts.isPrefixUnaryExpression(access.parent) || ts.isPostfixUnaryExpression(access.parent)) && access.parent.operand === access && [ts.SyntaxKind.PlusPlusToken, ts.SyntaxKind.MinusMinusToken].includes(access.parent.operator)) ||
+        (ts.isDeleteExpression(access.parent) && access.parent.expression === access)
+      )
       const frameAssignments = accesses.filter(access => ts.isBinaryExpression(access.parent) && unwrapExpression(access.parent.left) === access && access.parent.operatorToken.kind === ts.SyntaxKind.EqualsToken && frameCall(unwrapExpression(access.parent.right), "requestAnimationFrame") && unshadowedFrameCall(unwrapExpression(access.parent.right), owner))
       const statement = node.parent?.parent
       const topLevelOwner = owner.parent === sourceFile || ts.isVariableDeclaration(owner.parent) && owner.parent.parent?.parent?.parent === sourceFile
       const topLevelConst = topLevelOwner && ts.isVariableStatement(statement) && (statement.declarationList.flags & ts.NodeFlags.Const) && statement.declarationList.declarations.length === 1 && statement.parent === owner.body
       if (frameAssignments.length && invalidReference) throw sourceNodeError(invalidReference, sourceFile, "Animation frame refs may only use direct .current reads and assignments")
       if (frameAssignments.length && !topLevelConst) throw sourceNodeError(node, sourceFile, "Animation frame refs must be one top-level component const")
+      if (attachedToJsx && mutations.length) throw sourceNodeError(mutations[0], sourceFile, "JSX object refs may not assign to ref.current")
       if (!topLevelConst || invalidReference || !accesses.length) return
       const effectCalls = owner.body.statements.flatMap(statement => hasUseEffectImport && ts.isExpressionStatement(statement) && ts.isCallExpression(statement.expression) && ts.isIdentifier(statement.expression.expression) && statement.expression.expression.text === "useEffect" && !isShadowedIdentifier(statement.expression.expression, sourceFile) ? [statement.expression] : [])
       const effects = effectCalls.filter(effect => {
         const callback = effect.arguments[0]
         return callback && accesses.every(access => isNodeWithin(access, callback))
       })
+      if (!frameAssignments.length && refInitializer?.kind === ts.SyntaxKind.NullKeyword && !invalidReference && !effects.length) {
+        const owners = effectCalls.filter(effect => {
+          const callback = effect.arguments[0]
+          return callback && accesses.some(access => isNodeWithin(access, callback))
+        })
+        const callbacks = owners.map(effect => effect.arguments[0])
+        const directCallbacks = callbacks.every(callback => (ts.isArrowFunction(callback) || ts.isFunctionExpression(callback)) && ts.isBlock(callback.body))
+        const everyAccessOwned = accesses.every(access => callbacks.filter(callback => isNodeWithin(access, callback)).length === 1)
+        const mountEffects = owners.filter(effect => ts.isArrayLiteralExpression(effect.arguments[1]) && !effect.arguments[1].elements.length)
+        const updateEffects = owners.filter(effect => ts.isArrayLiteralExpression(effect.arguments[1]) && effect.arguments[1].elements.length)
+        if (owners.length >= 2 && directCallbacks && everyAccessOwned && mountEffects.length === 1 && updateEffects.length === owners.length - 1 && owners[0] === mountEffects[0]) {
+          const mount = mountEffects[0]
+          const callback = mount.arguments[0]
+          const returns = effectReturns(callback)
+          const cleanup = returns.cleanups.length === 1 ? returns.cleanups[0] : undefined
+          const writes = accesses.filter(access => ts.isBinaryExpression(access.parent) && unwrapExpression(access.parent.left) === access && access.parent.operatorToken.kind === ts.SyntaxKind.EqualsToken)
+          const setupWrites = writes.filter(access => isNodeWithin(access, callback) && (!cleanup || !isNodeWithin(access, cleanup)))
+          const cleanupWrites = cleanup ? writes.filter(access => isNodeWithin(access, cleanup)) : []
+          const setupStatement = setupWrites[0]?.parent.parent
+          const cleanupStatement = cleanupWrites[0]?.parent.parent
+          const directSetup = setupWrites.length === 1 && ts.isExpressionStatement(setupStatement) && setupStatement.parent === callback.body && unwrapExpression(setupWrites[0].parent.right).kind !== ts.SyntaxKind.NullKeyword
+          const directCleanup = cleanup && ts.isBlock(cleanup.body) && cleanupWrites.length === 1 && ts.isExpressionStatement(cleanupStatement) && cleanupStatement.parent === cleanup.body && unwrapExpression(cleanupWrites[0].parent.right).kind === ts.SyntaxKind.NullKeyword
+          const updateWrites = mutations.some(access => updateEffects.some(effect => isNodeWithin(access, effect.arguments[0])))
+          if (directSetup && directCleanup && !updateWrites) {
+            if (!hasUseStateImport) throw sourceNodeError(node, sourceFile, "Retained instance refs require a named useState import")
+            const setterName = `__kSetRetainedRef_${node.name.text}_${node.pos}`
+            if (referencesIdentifier(owner.body, setterName)) throw sourceNodeError(node, sourceFile, "Retained instance ref conflicts with a compiler-owned binding")
+            retainedRefs.set(node, setterName)
+            return
+          }
+        }
+        if (owners.length >= 2) throw sourceNodeError(node, sourceFile, "Retained instance refs require one empty-dependency mount effect with one direct assignment and null-reset cleanup followed by read-only dependency effects")
+      }
       if (!frameAssignments.length) {
         const callback = effects.length === 1 ? effects[0].arguments[0] : undefined
         if (callback && (ts.isArrowFunction(callback) || ts.isFunctionExpression(callback)) && ts.isBlock(callback.body)) {
@@ -107,9 +149,27 @@ export function normalizeEffectPrivateRefs(sourceFile, factory, context) {
       registerPrivateRef(node, callback)
     }
     inspect(sourceFile)
-    if (!privateRefs.size) return sourceFile
+    const retainedByOwner = new Map()
+    for (const declaration of retainedRefs.keys()) {
+      const owner = nearestFunction(declaration)
+      const refs = retainedByOwner.get(owner) ?? []
+      refs.push(declaration)
+      retainedByOwner.set(owner, refs)
+    }
+    for (const refs of retainedByOwner.values()) if (refs.length > 1) throw sourceNodeError(refs[1], sourceFile, "Components may own only one retained instance ref")
+    if (!privateRefs.size && !retainedRefs.size) return sourceFile
     const visitor = node => {
       if (ts.isVariableStatement(node) && node.declarationList.declarations.length === 1 && privateRefs.has(node.declarationList.declarations[0])) return undefined
+      if (ts.isVariableDeclaration(node) && retainedRefs.has(node)) {
+        const binding = factory.createArrayBindingPattern([
+          factory.createBindingElement(undefined, undefined, node.name),
+          factory.createBindingElement(undefined, undefined, retainedRefs.get(node))
+        ])
+        const initializer = factory.createCallExpression(factory.createIdentifier("useState"), undefined, [
+          factory.createObjectLiteralExpression([factory.createPropertyAssignment("current", factory.createNull())])
+        ])
+        return factory.updateVariableDeclaration(node, binding, node.exclamationToken, undefined, initializer)
+      }
       const refs = effectRefs.get(node)
       if (refs && (ts.isArrowFunction(node) || ts.isFunctionExpression(node)) && ts.isBlock(node.body)) {
         const body = ts.visitEachChild(node.body, visitor, context)

package/framework/compiler/route-capability-planner.mjs

@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ export function planRouteCapabilities(records, { navigationRouteCount = 0 } = {}
       lists.expressionAttributes ||= Boolean(list.expressionAttributes)
       lists.seeds ||= Boolean(list.seed || list.valueSeed)
       lists.effects ||= Boolean(list.effects)
-      lists.rowHooks ||= Boolean(list.rowStates?.length || list.rowRefs?.length)
+      lists.rowHooks ||= Boolean(list.rowStates?.length || list.rowRefs?.length || list.rowIds?.length)
       lists.rowRefs ||= Boolean(list.rowRefs?.length)
       lists.complexRowState ||= Boolean(list.rowStates?.some(state => state.initializer === "list-item" || state.initialValue !== null && typeof state.initialValue === "object"))
       lists.nested ||= Boolean(list.ownerField)
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ export function planRouteCapabilities(records, { navigationRouteCount = 0 } = {}
       lists.static ||= Boolean(list.static)
       lists.indexes ||= Boolean(list.indexed)
       lists.stableFastPaths ||= !list.children && !list.ownerField && list.key !== null && !list.indexed && !list.reducer && !list.selector
-      lists.generalRowHooks ||= Boolean(list.ownerField && (list.rowStates?.length || list.rowRefs?.length))
+      lists.generalRowHooks ||= Boolean(list.rowIds?.length || list.ownerField && (list.rowStates?.length || list.rowRefs?.length))
       lists.mounts ||= Boolean(list.mount)
     }
   }

package/framework/compiler/route-ir.mjs

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ function assertList(list, index, ids, stateIds, listIds, parentByChild) {
     parentByChild.set(child.id, list.id)
   }
   for (const row of list.rowStates ?? []) if (!isRecord(row) || !rowTemplate(row.id) || !Object.hasOwn(row, "initialValue") || row.initializer !== undefined && row.initializer !== "list-item") throw new Error(`${label} has invalid row state`)
-  for (const row of [...(list.rowRefs ?? []), ...(list.rowConditions ?? [])]) if (!rowTemplate(row)) throw new Error(`${label} has invalid row ownership ID`)
+  for (const row of [...(list.rowRefs ?? []), ...(list.rowIds ?? []), ...(list.rowConditions ?? [])]) if (!rowTemplate(row)) throw new Error(`${label} has invalid row ownership ID`)
   if (list.seed && list.valueSeed || list.seed !== undefined && !validSeed(list.seed) || list.valueSeed !== undefined && !validSeed(list.valueSeed)) throw new Error(`${label} has invalid seed`)
 }
 

package/framework/compiler/source-compiler.mjs

@@ -517,6 +517,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
     let usesListItem = false
     let usesRowState = false
     let usesRowRef = false
+    let usesRowId = false
     let usesComponentState = false
     let usesComponentId = false
     let usesComponentRef = false
@@ -1199,7 +1200,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
           ...result.ordinaryStates.map(({ state, setter, source }) => ({ name: state, setter, kind: "component", ...(analysisSite(source, "hook") ? { site: analysisSite(source, "hook") } : {}), ...(analysisSource(source) ? { source: analysisSource(source) } : {}) }))
         ],
         refs: [...result.rowRefs.map(({ name, source }) => ({ name, kind: "row", ...(analysisSite(source, "hook") ? { site: analysisSite(source, "hook") } : {}), ...(analysisSource(source) ? { source: analysisSource(source) } : {}) })), ...result.ordinaryRefs.map(({ name, source }) => ({ name, kind: "component", ...(analysisSite(source, "hook") ? { site: analysisSite(source, "hook") } : {}), ...(analysisSource(source) ? { source: analysisSource(source) } : {}) }))],
-        ids: result.ordinaryIds.map(({ name, source }) => ({ name, ...(analysisSite(source, "hook") ? { site: analysisSite(source, "hook") } : {}), ...(analysisSource(source) ? { source: analysisSource(source) } : {}) }))
+        ids: [...result.rowIds.map(({ name, source }) => ({ name, kind: "row", ...(analysisSite(source, "hook") ? { site: analysisSite(source, "hook") } : {}), ...(analysisSource(source) ? { source: analysisSource(source) } : {}) })), ...result.ordinaryIds.map(({ name, source }) => ({ name, kind: "component", ...(analysisSite(source, "hook") ? { site: analysisSite(source, "hook") } : {}), ...(analysisSource(source) ? { source: analysisSource(source) } : {}) }))]
       })
       result.propStateOwners = new Map(result.props.flatMap(prop => {
         const expression = result.propExpressions.get(prop.name)
@@ -1216,7 +1217,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
       return result
     }
     const registerRowHooks = (call, specialization) => {
-      if (!specialization.rowStates.length && !specialization.rowRefs.length) return
+      if (!specialization.rowStates.length && !specialization.rowRefs.length && !specialization.rowIds.length) return
       let owner
       for (let current = call.parent; current; current = current.parent) {
         if (isFunctionLike(current) && settersByFunction.has(current)) {
@@ -1236,6 +1237,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
       rowHookCalls.push(call)
       usesRowState ||= specialization.rowStates.length > 0
       usesRowRef ||= specialization.rowRefs.length > 0
+      usesRowId ||= specialization.rowIds.length > 0
     }
     const mergeSpecializedImports = (root, componentSource, call, effects = []) => {
       const componentImports = clientImportBindings(componentSource, componentSource.fileName, sourceFiles)
@@ -1716,7 +1718,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
       let count = 0
       const visit = (node, currentAggregate = aggregate) => {
         if (node !== root && ts.isCallExpression(node) && ts.isPropertyAccessExpression(node.expression) && node.expression.name.text === "map" && containsJsx(node)) {
-          const nestedAggregate = { calculations: [], effects: [], hookDeclarations: [], rowStates: [], rowRefs: [], specializations: [] }
+          const nestedAggregate = { calculations: [], effects: [], hookDeclarations: [], rowStates: [], rowRefs: [], rowIds: [], specializations: [] }
           for (const argument of node.arguments) visit(argument, nestedAggregate)
           if (nestedAggregate.hookDeclarations.length || nestedAggregate.effects.length) nestedRowSpecializations.set(`${node.pos}:${node.end}`, nestedAggregate)
           return
@@ -1749,6 +1751,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
             currentAggregate.hookDeclarations.push(...specialization.hookDeclarations)
             currentAggregate.rowStates.push(...specialization.rowStates)
             currentAggregate.rowRefs.push(...specialization.rowRefs)
+            currentAggregate.rowIds.push(...specialization.rowIds)
           }
           replacements.set(node, specialization.root)
           count++
@@ -1784,7 +1787,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
     }
     for (const { node, parts: originalParts } of rawRenderedLists) {
       if (keyedListParentTag(node) === "table") throw new Error("Keyed table rows must be wrapped in <tbody>, <thead>, or <tfoot>")
-      const specialization = componentSpecializations.get(originalParts.root) ?? { root: originalParts.root, calculations: [], effects: [], hookDeclarations: [], rowStates: [], rowRefs: [], ordinaryStates: [] }
+      const specialization = componentSpecializations.get(originalParts.root) ?? { root: originalParts.root, calculations: [], effects: [], hookDeclarations: [], rowStates: [], rowRefs: [], rowIds: [], ordinaryStates: [] }
       const componentSource = specialization.componentSource ?? sourceFile
       specialization.root = expandKeyedComponents(specialization.root, componentSource, specialization.component ? [specialization.component] : [], specialization)
       if (specialization.imported) synthesizeTree(specialization.root = mergeSpecializedImports(specialization.root, componentSource, originalParts.root, specialization.effects))
@@ -1811,6 +1814,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
         specializations: [specialization.analysis?.slot, ...(specialization.specializations ?? [])].filter(slot => slot !== undefined),
         rowStates: [...specialization.rowStates, ...specialization.ordinaryStates],
         rowRefs: specialization.rowRefs,
+        rowIds: specialization.rowIds,
         analysisStateOwners: new Map([...stateOwnersForNode(originalParts.root), ...(specialization.propStateOwners ?? []), ...[...specialization.rowStates, ...specialization.ordinaryStates].map(state => [state.state, state.analysisReference])])
       }
       for (const calculation of specialization.calculations) {
@@ -2297,6 +2301,7 @@ function createKudzuTransformer({ semantic, handlerUrl, file, sourceFiles, sourc
     if (usesListEffects) behaviorImports.push(factory.createImportSpecifier(false, factory.createIdentifier("useEffect"), factory.createIdentifier("__kListUseEffect")))
     if (usesRowState) behaviorImports.push(factory.createImportSpecifier(false, factory.createIdentifier("useState"), factory.createIdentifier("__kRowUseState")))
     if (usesRowRef) behaviorImports.push(factory.createImportSpecifier(false, factory.createIdentifier("useRef"), factory.createIdentifier("__kRowUseRef")))
+    if (usesRowId) behaviorImports.push(factory.createImportSpecifier(false, factory.createIdentifier("useId"), factory.createIdentifier("__kRowUseId")))
     if (usesComponentState) behaviorImports.push(factory.createImportSpecifier(false, factory.createIdentifier("useState"), factory.createIdentifier("__kComponentUseState")))
     if (usesComponentId) behaviorImports.push(factory.createImportSpecifier(false, factory.createIdentifier("useId"), factory.createIdentifier("__kComponentUseId")))
     if (usesComponentRef) behaviorImports.push(factory.createImportSpecifier(false, factory.createIdentifier("useRef"), factory.createIdentifier("__kComponentUseRef")))
@@ -2656,7 +2661,6 @@ function validateKeyedList(parts, sourceFile, setters, rowStates, componentSpeci
     if (!ts.isIdentifier(tag) || tag.text[0] !== tag.text[0].toLowerCase()) fail(node, "Keyed list items must use intrinsic JSX elements")
   }
   const visit = node => {
-    if (ts.isCallExpression(node) && ts.isIdentifier(node.expression) && node.expression.text === "useId") fail(node, "useId() is not supported in keyed rows")
     if (ts.isJsxFragment(node)) fail(node, "Fragments are not supported in keyed lists")
     if (ts.isJsxElement(node) || ts.isJsxSelfClosingElement(node)) validateElement(node)
     if (node !== root && ts.isCallExpression(node) && ts.isPropertyAccessExpression(node.expression) && node.expression.name.text === "map" && containsJsx(node)) fail(node, nestedDiagnostic)
@@ -2697,6 +2701,7 @@ function validateKeyedList(parts, sourceFile, setters, rowStates, componentSpeci
           specializations: [specialization?.analysis?.slot, ...(specialization?.specializations ?? [])].filter(slot => slot !== undefined),
           rowStates: specializedStates,
           rowRefs: specialization?.rowRefs ?? [],
+          rowIds: specialization?.rowIds ?? [],
           analysisStateOwners: new Map([...(parts.analysisStateOwners ?? []), ...(specialization?.propStateOwners ?? []), ...specializedStates.map(state => [state.state, state.analysisReference])])
         }
         for (const calculation of specialization?.calculations ?? []) {
@@ -2747,6 +2752,8 @@ function validateKeyedList(parts, sourceFile, setters, rowStates, componentSpeci
   return analysis
 }
 
+const keyedIdReferenceAttributes = new Set(["id", "htmlFor", "aria-activedescendant", "aria-controls", "aria-describedby", "aria-details", "aria-errormessage", "aria-flowto", "aria-labelledby", "aria-owns", "form", "headers", "list", "popovertarget"])
+
 function directConstObjectLiteral(expression, call) {
   expression = unwrapExpression(expression)
   if (ts.isObjectLiteralExpression(expression)) return expression
@@ -2947,6 +2954,7 @@ function specializeComponentCall(call, component, sourceFile, factory, context,
   const hookDeclarations = []
   const rowStates = []
   const rowRefs = []
+  const rowIds = []
   const ordinaryStates = []
   const ordinaryRefs = []
   const ordinaryIds = []
@@ -3012,13 +3020,14 @@ function specializeComponentCall(call, component, sourceFile, factory, context,
         continue
       }
       if (declaration.initializer && ts.isCallExpression(declaration.initializer) && ts.isIdentifier(declaration.initializer.expression) && declaration.initializer.expression.text === "useId") {
-        if (!ordinaryHooks) throw sourceNodeError(declaration.initializer, component.getSourceFile(), "useId() is not supported in keyed row components")
-        if (declaration.initializer.arguments.length || !ts.isIdentifier(declaration.name)) throw sourceNodeError(declaration.initializer, component.getSourceFile(), "Setter-callback component useId() must initialize one top-level const identifier without arguments")
-        const name = `__kComponentId${Math.max(0, call.pos)}_${hookDeclarations.length}`
+        const hookLabel = ordinaryHooks ? "Setter-callback component" : "Keyed row"
+        if (declaration.initializer.arguments.length || !ts.isIdentifier(declaration.name)) throw sourceNodeError(declaration.initializer, component.getSourceFile(), `${hookLabel} useId() must initialize one top-level const identifier without arguments`)
+        const ids = ordinaryHooks ? ordinaryIds : rowIds
+        const name = `${ordinaryHooks ? "__kComponentId" : "__kRowId"}${Math.max(0, call.pos)}_${ids.length}`
         substitutions.set(declaration.name.text, factory.createIdentifier(name))
-        const initializer = factory.createCallExpression(factory.createIdentifier("__kComponentUseId"), undefined, [])
+        const initializer = factory.createCallExpression(factory.createIdentifier(ordinaryHooks ? "__kComponentUseId" : "__kRowUseId"), undefined, [])
         hookDeclarations.push(factory.createVariableStatement(undefined, factory.createVariableDeclarationList([factory.createVariableDeclaration(factory.createIdentifier(name), undefined, undefined, initializer)], ts.NodeFlags.Const)))
-        ordinaryIds.push({ name, source: declaration })
+        ids.push({ name, local: declaration.name.text, source: declaration })
         continue
       }
       if (!ts.isIdentifier(declaration.name) || !declaration.initializer) fail(declaration, `${label} component locals must be initialized identifiers`)
@@ -3029,6 +3038,10 @@ function specializeComponentCall(call, component, sourceFile, factory, context,
     }
     returned = last.expression
   }
+  for (const id of rowIds) {
+    for (const reference of referenceIdentifiers(returned, id.local)) if (!validKeyedIdReference(reference)) throw sourceNodeError(reference, component.getSourceFile(), "Keyed row useId() values may only be used in intrinsic id and ID-reference attributes")
+    for (const calculation of calculations) if (referenceIdentifiers(calculation.expression, id.local).length) throw sourceNodeError(calculation.expression, component.getSourceFile(), "Keyed row useId() values may only be used directly in intrinsic id and ID-reference attributes")
+  }
   let unsupportedHook
   const findUnsupportedHook = node => {
     if (unsupportedHook) return
@@ -3058,6 +3071,7 @@ function specializeComponentCall(call, component, sourceFile, factory, context,
     hookDeclarations,
     rowStates,
     rowRefs,
+    rowIds,
     ordinaryStates,
     ordinaryRefs,
     ordinaryIds,
@@ -3068,6 +3082,16 @@ function specializeComponentCall(call, component, sourceFile, factory, context,
   }
 }
 
+function validKeyedIdReference(reference) {
+  for (let current = reference.parent; current; current = current.parent) {
+    if (!ts.isJsxAttribute(current)) continue
+    const element = current.parent?.parent
+    const tag = element?.tagName
+    return keyedIdReferenceAttributes.has(current.name.text) && ts.isIdentifier(tag) && tag.text[0] === tag.text[0].toLowerCase()
+  }
+  return false
+}
+
 function isSerializableStateLiteral(node) {
   const value = unwrapExpression(node)
   if (isPrimitiveDefaultLiteral(value)) return true

package/framework/core.mjs

@@ -49,8 +49,7 @@ let renderContext
 
 export function useId() {
   if (!renderContext) throw new Error("useId() can only run while rendering a Kudzu component")
-  if (renderContext.listRoot || renderContext.listRowRoot || renderContext.listTemplate) throw new Error("useId() is not supported in keyed rows")
-  return `k-${nextRenderId("i")}`
+  return `k-${renderContext.listRoot || renderContext.listRowRoot ? nextRowRenderId("i") : nextRenderId("i")}`
 }
 
 export function useState(initialValue, name, initializer) {
@@ -484,7 +483,7 @@ function serializeCapture(name, value, seen) {
 }
 
 export async function renderPage(component, metadata = {}, props = {}, layout) {
-  renderContext = { scoped: Boolean(layout), renderScope: layout ? "layout" : "route", applicationRoute: metadata.applicationRoute, counters: { layout: { s: 0, r: 0, c: 0, l: 0, e: 0, p: 0, i: 0 }, route: { s: 0, r: 0, c: 0, l: 0, e: 0, p: 0, i: 0 } }, nextState: 0, nextRef: 0, nextCondition: 0, nextList: 0, nextEffect: 0, nextParam: 0, nextId: 0, conditionDepth: 0, listDepth: 0, listRoot: undefined, listRowRoot: undefined, listTemplate: false, listInitialMarkers: false, listConditionalBranch: false, listFields: undefined, listEffectOwners: [], listRowStates: [], listRowRefs: [], listRowConditions: [], listRowLists: [], effectOwners: [], contexts: [], captureCache: new WeakMap(), sharedStates: new Map(), states: {}, textStates: new Set(), conditionStates: new Set(), conditionOwnedStates: new Set(), events: [], effects: [], bindings: [], textBindings: [], conditions: [], lists: [], handlerReferences: new Map(), runtimeParamNames: metadata.runtimeParams, paramEntries: [], params: undefined, searchParams: new Map(), searchParamEntries: [], searchParamsWritable: false, hasBehaviors: false, hasNativeBehaviors: false, hasEffects: false, hasParams: false, hasBindings: false, hasLists: false, hasListStyles: false }
+  renderContext = { scoped: Boolean(layout), renderScope: layout ? "layout" : "route", applicationRoute: metadata.applicationRoute, counters: { layout: { s: 0, r: 0, c: 0, l: 0, e: 0, p: 0, i: 0 }, route: { s: 0, r: 0, c: 0, l: 0, e: 0, p: 0, i: 0 } }, nextState: 0, nextRef: 0, nextCondition: 0, nextList: 0, nextEffect: 0, nextParam: 0, nextId: 0, conditionDepth: 0, listDepth: 0, listRoot: undefined, listRowRoot: undefined, listTemplate: false, listInitialMarkers: false, listConditionalBranch: false, listFields: undefined, listEffectOwners: [], listRowStates: [], listRowRefs: [], listRowIds: [], listRowConditions: [], listRowLists: [], effectOwners: [], contexts: [], captureCache: new WeakMap(), sharedStates: new Map(), states: {}, textStates: new Set(), conditionStates: new Set(), conditionOwnedStates: new Set(), events: [], effects: [], bindings: [], textBindings: [], conditions: [], lists: [], handlerReferences: new Map(), runtimeParamNames: metadata.runtimeParams, paramEntries: [], params: undefined, searchParams: new Map(), searchParamEntries: [], searchParamsWritable: false, hasBehaviors: false, hasNativeBehaviors: false, hasEffects: false, hasParams: false, hasBindings: false, hasLists: false, hasListStyles: false }
 
   try {
     const page = { [routeScopeMarker]: true, component, props }
@@ -941,6 +940,7 @@ async function renderList(node, namespace, selectValue) {
   const previousListEffectOwners = renderContext.listEffectOwners
   const previousListRowStates = renderContext.listRowStates
   const previousListRowRefs = renderContext.listRowRefs
+  const previousListRowIds = renderContext.listRowIds
   const previousListRowConditions = renderContext.listRowConditions
   const previousListRowLists = renderContext.listRowLists
   try {
@@ -948,10 +948,11 @@ async function renderList(node, namespace, selectValue) {
     renderContext.listEffectOwners = rowList?.effectOwners ?? []
     renderContext.listRowStates = rowList?.rowStates ?? []
     renderContext.listRowRefs = rowList?.rowRefs ?? []
+    renderContext.listRowIds = rowList?.rowIds ?? []
     renderContext.listRowConditions = rowList?.rowConditions ?? []
     renderContext.listRowLists = rowList?.rowLists ?? []
     renderContext.listFields = new Set([node.keyField])
-    const templateRoot = { id, state: node.items.id, descriptor, template: true, effects: [], item: {}, path: ownerRoot?.path ?? [], rowIndexes: { s: 0, r: 0, c: 0, l: 0 } }
+    const templateRoot = { id, state: node.items.id, descriptor, template: true, effects: [], item: {}, path: ownerRoot?.path ?? [], rowIndexes: { s: 0, r: 0, i: 0, c: 0, l: 0 } }
     renderContext.listRoot = templateRoot
     renderContext.listRowRoot = templateRoot
     const template = await renderNode(node.render({}, 0), namespace, selectValue)
@@ -974,6 +975,7 @@ async function renderList(node, namespace, selectValue) {
       descriptor.rowRefs = renderContext.listRowRefs.map(({ id }) => id)
       descriptor.mount = true
     }
+    if (renderContext.listRowIds.length) descriptor.rowIds = renderContext.listRowIds.map(({ id }) => id)
     if (descriptor.rowStates && !descriptor.effects && !descriptor.nested && !template.includes("data-k-text")) descriptor.fastRelease = true
     const valueSeed = node.ownerField || node.keyField === null ? undefined : listSeed(node.values, renderContext.listFields)
     const seed = node.selector.length ? undefined : valueSeed
@@ -984,7 +986,7 @@ async function renderList(node, namespace, selectValue) {
     renderContext.listInitialMarkers = Boolean(descriptor.conditions)
     for (const [index, item] of node.values.entries()) {
       const key = node.keyField === null ? index : item[node.keyField]
-      renderContext.listRoot = { id, state: node.items.id, descriptor, key, template: false, effects: [], item, path: [...(ownerRoot?.path ?? []), `${id}=${typeof key}:${key}`], rowIndexes: { s: 0, r: 0, c: 0, l: 0 } }
+      renderContext.listRoot = { id, state: node.items.id, descriptor, key, template: false, effects: [], item, path: [...(ownerRoot?.path ?? []), `${id}=${typeof key}:${key}`], rowIndexes: { s: 0, r: 0, i: 0, c: 0, l: 0 } }
       renderContext.listRowRoot = renderContext.listRoot
       current += await renderNode(node.render(item, index), namespace, selectValue)
     }
@@ -1007,6 +1009,7 @@ async function renderList(node, namespace, selectValue) {
     renderContext.listEffectOwners = previousListEffectOwners
     renderContext.listRowStates = previousListRowStates
     renderContext.listRowRefs = previousListRowRefs
+    renderContext.listRowIds = previousListRowIds
     renderContext.listRowConditions = previousListRowConditions
     renderContext.listRowLists = previousListRowLists
     renderContext.listDepth--
@@ -1017,7 +1020,7 @@ function nextRowList() {
   const root = renderContext.listRoot ?? renderContext.listRowRoot
   const index = root.rowIndexes.l++
   if (renderContext.listTemplate) {
-    const entry = renderContext.listRowLists[index] ?? { id: nextRenderId("l"), rowLists: [], rowStates: [], rowRefs: [], rowConditions: [], effectOwners: [], planned: false }
+    const entry = renderContext.listRowLists[index] ?? { id: nextRenderId("l"), rowLists: [], rowStates: [], rowRefs: [], rowIds: [], rowConditions: [], effectOwners: [], planned: false }
     renderContext.listRowLists[index] = entry
     return entry
   }
@@ -1035,7 +1038,7 @@ function nextRenderId(kind) {
 function nextRowRenderId(kind, initialValue, initializer) {
   const root = renderContext.listRoot ?? renderContext.listRowRoot
   const index = root.rowIndexes[kind]++
-  const entries = kind === "s" ? renderContext.listRowStates : kind === "r" ? renderContext.listRowRefs : renderContext.listRowConditions
+  const entries = kind === "s" ? renderContext.listRowStates : kind === "r" ? renderContext.listRowRefs : kind === "i" ? renderContext.listRowIds : renderContext.listRowConditions
   if (renderContext.listTemplate) {
     const entry = entries[index]
     if (entry) return entry.id
@@ -1044,7 +1047,7 @@ function nextRowRenderId(kind, initialValue, initializer) {
     return id
   }
   const entry = entries[index]
-  if (!entry) throw new Error(`Keyed row ${kind === "s" ? "state hooks" : kind === "r" ? "ref hooks" : "conditionals"} must have the same order for every item`)
+  if (!entry) throw new Error(`Keyed row ${kind === "s" ? "state hooks" : kind === "r" ? "ref hooks" : kind === "i" ? "ID hooks" : "conditionals"} must have the same order for every item`)
   return rowRenderId(entry.id, root.descriptor.ownerField ? root.path : [`${typeof root.key}:${root.key}`])
 }
 

package/framework/list-runtime.js

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ const conditionTemplates = __KUDZU_LIST_CONDITIONS__ ? new WeakMap() : undefined
 const itemPartsSelector = `[data-k-list-text]${__KUDZU_LIST_ATTRIBUTES__ ? ",[data-k-list-attrs]" : ""}${__KUDZU_LIST_EVENTS__ ? ",[data-k-list-events]" : ""}${__KUDZU_LIST_EXPRESSIONS__ ? ",[data-k-list-expression]" : ""}${__KUDZU_LIST_EXPRESSION_ATTRIBUTES__ ? ",[data-k-list-expression-attrs]" : ""}${__KUDZU_LIST_CONDITIONS__ ? ",[data-k-list-condition]" : ""}${__KUDZU_LIST_EFFECTS__ ? ",[data-k-effects]" : ""}`
 const childPrototypes = __KUDZU_NESTED_LISTS__ ? new WeakMap() : undefined
 const itemPartPlans = __KUDZU_NESTED_LISTS__ ? new WeakMap() : undefined
+const rowIdAttributes = new Set(["id", "for", "aria-activedescendant", "aria-controls", "aria-describedby", "aria-details", "aria-errormessage", "aria-flowto", "aria-labelledby", "aria-owns", "form", "headers", "list", "popovertarget"])
 
 function commitLists(id) {
   const lists = listTargets.get(id)
@@ -742,7 +743,7 @@ function listItemPartPlan(template, nested = false, descriptor) {
     conditions: __KUDZU_LIST_CONDITIONS__ ? parts.conditions.map(([node, descriptor]) => [location(node), descriptor, node]) : [],
     effects: __KUDZU_LIST_EFFECTS__ ? parts.effects.map(location) : [],
     rowIds: structural && __KUDZU_GENERAL_ROW_HOOKS__ && hasRowHooks(descriptor) ? source.flatMap(node => {
-      const attributes = [...node.attributes].filter(attribute => attribute.name.startsWith("data-k-") && attribute.value.includes("$k")).map(attribute => attribute.name)
+      const attributes = [...node.attributes].filter(attribute => (attribute.name.startsWith("data-k-") || rowIdAttributes.has(attribute.name)) && attribute.value.includes("$k")).map(attribute => attribute.name)
       return attributes.length ? [[location(node), attributes]] : []
     }) : []
   }
@@ -1086,7 +1087,7 @@ function replaceOwnedRowIds(root) {
   if (!directRowReplacements.delete(root)) return replaceRowIds(root, rowReplacements.get(root))
   const path = listRowPaths.get(root)
   const replace = node => {
-    for (const attribute of [...node.attributes]) if (attribute.name.startsWith("data-k-") && attribute.value.includes("$k")) attribute.value = attribute.value.replaceAll("$k", path)
+    for (const attribute of [...node.attributes]) if ((attribute.name.startsWith("data-k-") || rowIdAttributes.has(attribute.name)) && attribute.value.includes("$k")) attribute.value = attribute.value.replaceAll("$k", path)
     for (const child of node.children) replace(child)
     for (const child of node.content?.children ?? []) replace(child)
   }
@@ -1095,7 +1096,7 @@ function replaceOwnedRowIds(root) {
 /* general-row-hooks-end */
 
 function hasRowHooks(descriptor) {
-  return Boolean(descriptor.rowStates?.length || descriptor.rowRefs?.length || descriptor.rowConditions?.length)
+  return Boolean(descriptor.rowStates?.length || descriptor.rowRefs?.length || descriptor.rowIds?.length || descriptor.rowConditions?.length)
 }
 
 function listLifecycle(descriptor, template) {

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@kudzujs/core",
-  "version": "0.14.3",
+  "version": "0.16.1",
   "description": "HTML-first TSX framework with synchronous state semantics and no virtual DOM",
   "type": "module",
   "license": "MIT",
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@
     "typescript": "^5.9.2"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@codemirror/view": "^6.43.9",
+    "typed.js": "^3.0.0",
     "wrangler": "^4.112.0"
   }
 }