@keelcodes/settlement 0.1.0

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package/README.md

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+# @keelcodes/settlement
+
+Settlement core for agent payments: the protocol layer that turns an HTTP 402
+handshake into a **receipt**, and a ledger that reconciles receipts against what
+was intended.
+
+Two protocols, one shape — *challenge → credential → receipt*:
+
+| Protocol | Wire format | Status |
+|---|---|---|
+| **x402 v2** | `PAYMENT-REQUIRED` / `PAYMENT-SIGNATURE` / `PAYMENT-RESPONSE` headers | ✅ codec, selection, verification, receipts |
+| **MPP** (IETF `draft-httpauth-payment`) | `WWW-Authenticate: Payment …` / `Authorization: Payment …` / `Payment-Receipt` | ✅ challenge, credential, status semantics |
+| **A2A x402 extension v0.1** | `x402.payment.*` message metadata | ✅ status machine, data structures, receipts |
+| **ERC-8183** (Agentic Commerce) | job lifecycle + escrow | ✅ state machine, role guards, dispute/arbitration, escrow receipt |
+| **Rail routing** (fiat / stablecoin) | rail catalogue + intent | ✅ deterministic `selectRail`, decimal helpers, fiat checkout handles |
+
+The reconciliation ledger (intents, receipts, entries, derived balances and an
+`ok`/`unsettled`/`orphans`/`doubleSettled` report) is ✅ today.
+
+**Zero runtime dependencies.** Base64 and UTF-8 are hand-rolled against plain
+ES2022, so the package runs in Node, browsers and edge workers alike with no
+`Buffer`, no polyfills and no Keel-internal coupling.
+
+> **Boundary: settlement ≠ billing.** This package orchestrates open payment
+> protocols and keeps an audit ledger. It does *not* price anything, hold
+> platform keys, or move a balance on a settled payment — whether a payment
+> debits a balance is a billing concern and lives outside Keel (see
+> `KEEL_PLAN.md` §6.3).
+
+## x402
+
+```ts
+import {
+  X402_HEADERS,
+  parsePaymentRequired,
+  selectRequirement,
+  verifyRequirement,
+  intentFromRequirement,
+  receiptFromX402,
+} from '@keelcodes/settlement';
+
+// 1. You asked for a resource and got a 402 back.
+const required = parsePaymentRequired(response.headers[X402_HEADERS.required]);
+
+// 2. Pick the cheapest offer you can actually pay.
+const accepted = selectRequirement(required.accepts, {
+  scheme: 'exact',
+  network: 'eip155:84532',
+  maxAmount: 10_000n, // 0.01 USDC at 6 decimals
+});
+
+// 3. Anchor the intent, then make the server prove the terms match it.
+const intent = intentFromRequirement(accepted, { id: 'intent-1', payer: account, now: new Date() });
+verifyRequirement(accepted, intent); // throws if payTo/asset/amount/network drifted
+
+// 4. Sign a scheme-specific payload (your scheme module builds this) and retry
+//    with X402_HEADERS.signature. On success you get X402_HEADERS.response:
+const receipt = receiptFromX402({
+  intent,
+  requirement: accepted,
+  response: parseSettlementResponse(retry.headers[X402_HEADERS.response]),
+  settledAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+});
+```
+
+`verifyRequirement` is the point of the whole flow: a server may ask for any
+`payTo` it likes, and the intent is the only thing that catches it.
+
+## MPP
+
+```ts
+import {
+  parseWwwAuthenticate,
+  decodeMppRequest,
+  mppIntent,
+  classifyMppResponse,
+  formatCredential,
+} from '@keelcodes/settlement';
+
+const challenge = parseWwwAuthenticate(res.headers['www-authenticate']);
+const terms = decodeMppRequest<MyMethodRequest>(challenge); // your method spec
+
+const intent = mppIntent(challenge, {
+  payer: account,
+  payee: terms.payee,
+  network: terms.network,
+  asset: terms.asset,
+  amount: BigInt(terms.amount),
+});
+
+// Fulfil the challenge, then retry with the credential:
+const retry = await fetch(url, { headers: { authorization: formatCredential(token) } });
+
+switch (classifyMppResponse(retry.status)) {
+  case 'granted': /* read Payment-Receipt */ break;
+  case 'challenge': /* 402: fresh challenge or a problem code */ break;
+  case 'policy-denied': /* 403: payment was accepted — do NOT pay again */ break;
+  case 'other': /* 401 etc. is not a payment problem */ break;
+}
+```
+
+The 402/403 distinction is deliberate: 403 means the payment *succeeded* and
+policy denied access, so retrying with payment spends money for nothing.
+
+## A2A (agent-to-agent)
+
+A2A carries payment state in `Message.metadata` under `x402.payment.*` keys and
+runs a six-state machine (`payment-required → payment-submitted →
+payment-verified → payment-completed | payment-failed`, plus `payment-rejected`).
+
+```ts
+import {
+  A2A_METADATA_KEYS,
+  parsePaymentMetadata,
+  assertA2ATransition,
+  a2aIntent,
+  verifyA2ARequirement,
+  receiptFromA2A,
+} from '@keelcodes/settlement';
+
+// Merchant task metadata -> typed payment state.
+const payment = parsePaymentMetadata(task.status.message.metadata);
+assertA2ATransition('payment-required', 'payment-submitted');
+
+const accepted = payment.required!.accepts[0]!;
+const intent = a2aIntent(accepted, { id: 'intent-1', payer: account, now: new Date() });
+verifyA2ARequirement(accepted, intent); // merchant may ask for any payTo
+
+const receipt = receiptFromA2A({
+  intent,
+  requirement: accepted,
+  response: { success: true, network: accepted.network, transaction: '0xtx' },
+  settledAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+});
+```
+
+`X-A2A-Extensions: https://github.com/google-a2a/a2a-x402/v0.1` declares support.
+Keel requires a CAIP-2 `network` even though the v0.1 examples spell it as a bare
+name (`"base"`). The scheme-specific `PaymentPayload.payload` stays opaque.
+
+## ERC-8183 (escrow)
+
+Agentic Commerce: a client escrows a budget, a provider submits work, and a
+single evaluator attests it. `applyJobAction` is a pure reducer that enforces
+both the transition table and *who* may trigger each action.
+
+```ts
+import { applyJobAction, escrowOutcome, receiptFromEscrow } from '@keelcodes/settlement';
+
+let job = { id, client, provider, evaluator, description, budget: 0n, expiredAt, status: 'Open' };
+job = applyJobAction(job, 'setBudget', { actor: client, amount: 5_000_000n });
+job = applyJobAction(job, 'fund', { actor: client, expectedBudget: 5_000_000n }); // -> Funded
+job = applyJobAction(job, 'submit', { actor: provider, deliverable: '0x…' });      // -> Submitted
+job = applyJobAction(job, 'complete', { actor: evaluator, reason: '0x…' });        // -> Completed
+
+escrowOutcome(job.status); // 'release' | 'refund' | 'none'
+const receipt = receiptFromEscrow(job, { network, asset, settledAt });
+```
+
+`reject` moves between roles — the client while `Open`, the evaluator once
+`Funded`/`Submitted` — and `claimRefund` is permissionless after `expiredAt`.
+
+### Disputes and arbitration
+
+A funded (or submitted) job can be disputed by any party and is then frozen
+until an arbiter resolves it. The detour composes with the same reducer:
+
+```
+Funded | Submitted --raiseDispute--> Disputed --resolveDispute--> Completed (release)
+                                                             \--> Rejected  (refund)
+```
+
+```ts
+import { applyJobAction, isArbiterSet, escrowOutcome } from '@keelcodes/settlement';
+
+// arbiter is configured on the job up front.
+const disputed = applyJobAction(job, 'raiseDispute', { actor: provider, reason: '0x…' });
+// -> status 'Disputed', disputeReason recorded
+
+const resolved = applyJobAction(disputed, 'resolveDispute', {
+  actor: arbiter,
+  outcome: 'release', // or 'refund'
+  reason: '0x…',
+});
+// release -> status 'Completed'; refund -> status 'Rejected'
+escrowOutcome(resolved.status); // 'release' | 'refund'
+```
+
+- `raiseDispute` is allowed for `client`, `provider` or `evaluator`, requires an
+  arbiter to be configured and a non-empty reason.
+- `resolveDispute` is allowed **only** for the `arbiter`; `outcome` must be
+  `release` (escrow to the provider) or `refund` (escrow to the client).
+- A `Disputed` job has no path to `complete`, `reject`, `claimRefund` or a second
+  `raiseDispute` — arbitration cannot be bypassed.
+- `receiptFromEscrow` attests a dispute resolved to `release`, recording
+  `proof.resolution` and `proof.disputeReason`; a resolution to `refund` yields
+  no release receipt (the client is made whole instead).
+
+## Rail selection (fiat / stablecoin)
+
+x402 and MPP fix *how* a payment travels; a **rail** fixes *where* it can travel.
+`selectRail` filters a catalogue of `PaymentRail` descriptors against a
+`PaymentIntent` and a set of constraints, then picks one deterministically.
+
+```ts
+import { selectRail, resolveRailAsset, parseUnits, formatUnits } from '@keelcodes/settlement';
+
+const plan = selectRail(rails, intent, {
+  kinds: ['chain', 'fiat'],          // optional allowlists
+  networks: ['eip155:8453', 'iso4217:USD'],
+  assets: ['USDC', 'usd'],
+  maxAmount: parseUnits('5', 6),     // cap on amount + cost
+});
+
+plan.amountDecimal; // amount rendered against the asset's decimals
+plan.total;         // amount + rail cost
+plan.checkoutHandle; // opaque, present only for fiat rails
+```
+
+- Rail kinds: `x402`, `mpp`, `chain` (direct on-chain stablecoin transfer) and
+  `fiat` (hosted checkout). Each rail carries its networks (CAIP-2), accepted
+  assets (`address`, `symbol`, `decimals`), an opaque `payTo`, a `cost` and a
+  `priority` hint.
+- Selection order is **deterministic**: cheapest `cost`, then lowest `priority`,
+  then a fixed kind order (`RAIL_KIND_ORDER`), then rail `id`.
+- Constraints (`kinds`, `networks`, `assets`, `maxAmount`) must all be
+  satisfiable; otherwise `selectRail` throws
+  `SettlementError('no-acceptable-requirement')` rather than silently routing.
+- `parseUnits` / `formatUnits` are hand-rolled bigint helpers. They round-trip
+  exactly and reject more precision than the asset supports — unlike viem's
+  `parseUnits`, which rounds. `rails.units.viem.test.ts` is a differential test
+  pinning both the agreement on the accepted domain and that divergence.
+  `resolveRailAsset` proves an asset is accepted on the requested network.
+
+> **Fiat is host-side.** A `fiat` rail only carries an opaque `checkout` handle
+> that `selectRail` copies into `plan.checkoutHandle` verbatim. Keel does not
+> integrate a payment service provider, create checkout sessions, or inspect the
+> handle — the hosted-checkout specifics live entirely in the host.
+
+## What is deliberately opaque
+
+Both protocols delegate the payment-method specifics to separate specs, and this
+package does not guess at them:
+
+- **x402** — the `PAYMENT-SIGNATURE` payload (EIP-3009 authorization, permit, …)
+  is built by your scheme module and carried verbatim.
+- **MPP** — the challenge's `request` blob is method-specific; decode it with
+  your method spec via `decodeMppRequest`.
+
+What Keel fixes is the part the core specs actually define: headers, the
+requirements object, selection, the intent match, and the receipt.
+
+## Reconciliation
+
+```ts
+import { Ledger } from '@keelcodes/settlement';
+
+const ledger = new Ledger();
+ledger.append({ kind: 'intent', at: t0, intent });
+ledger.append({ kind: 'receipt', at: t1, receipt });
+
+ledger.statusOf(intent.id); // 'pending' | 'settled' | 'failed'
+ledger.balanceOf(account, { network, asset }); // signed sum of `entry` movements
+ledger.reconcile(); // { unsettled, orphans, doubleSettled, ok }
+```
+
+The ledger is append-only and nothing is stored mutably — status and balances are
+folded from the log, so it can be replayed or shipped anywhere. Receipt ids are
+deduplicated on append: a replayed settlement raises `duplicate-receipt` rather
+than counting twice.
+
+## Webhooks
+
+Every rail folds into the same ledger event log, so outbound notifications need
+one normalised shape. `WebhookDispatcher` matches events to subscriptions and
+delivers them with retries and a per-delivery audit trail.
+
+```ts
+import { WebhookDispatcher, webhookEventFromLedgerEvent } from '@keelcodes/settlement';
+
+const dispatcher = new WebhookDispatcher({
+  transport: async ({ url, body, headers }) => {
+    const res = await fetch(url, { method: 'POST', body, headers });
+    return { status: res.status };
+  },
+  signer: ({ secret, timestamp, body }) => hmacSha256Hex(secret, `${timestamp}.${body}`),
+});
+
+for (const event of ledger.events) {
+  await dispatcher.dispatch(subscriptions, webhookEventFromLedgerEvent(event));
+}
+```
+
+Event types: `intent.created`, `settlement.succeeded`, `settlement.failed`,
+`ledger.entry`. A subscription may filter by event type and by rail
+(`protocols`), and a delivery is retried on a non-2xx or thrown request (default
+3 tries, exponential backoff). Signing is a **port** — the core carries no crypto
+dependency, so the host wires its own HMAC; a delivery is signed only when the
+subscription has a `secret` and a signer is configured.
+
+## Develop
+
+```bash
+pnpm --filter @keelcodes/settlement test
+pnpm --filter @keelcodes/settlement typecheck
+```
+
+## Sources
+
+- x402 v2: <https://docs.x402.org/core-concepts/http-402> and the
+  [x402 specification v2](https://github.com/coinbase/x402/blob/main/specs/x402-specification-v2.md)
+- MPP: IETF [`draft-httpauth-payment-00`](https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-httpauth-payment-00.html)
+  ("The *Payment* HTTP Authentication Scheme", Tempo Labs / Stripe)
+- A2A x402 payments extension v0.1:
+  [a2a-x402](https://github.com/google-agentic-commerce/a2a-x402)
+- ERC-8183 Agentic Commerce: [eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-8183](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-8183)

package/dist/a2a.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import { type Caip2, type PaymentIntent, type SettlementReceipt } from './types.js';
+/**
+ * x402 Payments Extension for the Agent-to-Agent (A2A) protocol, v0.1
+ * (https://github.com/google-a2a/a2a-x402).
+ *
+ * A2A carries payment state in the `metadata` of its `Message` objects under
+ * `x402.payment.*` keys and layers a six-state payment machine on top of the
+ * A2A task state. Keel models the transport-neutral part the extension fixes:
+ * the metadata keys, the status machine, the data structures and the error
+ * codes. The scheme-specific `PaymentPayload.payload` blob stays opaque.
+ *
+ * The v0.1 examples spell `network` as a bare name (`"base"`); Keel requires a
+ * CAIP-2 id (`eip155:8453`) everywhere it carries a chain, and validates it on
+ * the way in.
+ */
+export declare const A2A_X402_EXTENSION_URI = "https://github.com/google-a2a/a2a-x402/v0.1";
+/** Clients request extension activation and servers echo it back here. */
+export declare const A2A_EXTENSIONS_HEADER = "X-A2A-Extensions";
+/** `Message.metadata` keys defined by the extension. */
+export declare const A2A_METADATA_KEYS: {
+    readonly status: "x402.payment.status";
+    readonly required: "x402.payment.required";
+    readonly payload: "x402.payment.payload";
+    readonly receipts: "x402.payment.receipts";
+    readonly error: "x402.payment.error";
+};
+export type A2APaymentStatus = 'payment-required' | 'payment-submitted' | 'payment-rejected' | 'payment-verified' | 'payment-completed' | 'payment-failed';
+export declare function isTerminalA2AStatus(status: A2APaymentStatus): boolean;
+export declare function canTransitionA2A(from: A2APaymentStatus, to: A2APaymentStatus): boolean;
+/** Guards a status change — an out-of-order status write is a protocol bug. */
+export declare function assertA2ATransition(from: A2APaymentStatus, to: A2APaymentStatus): void;
+/** Error codes the extension defines for `x402.payment.error`. */
+export declare const A2A_ERROR_CODES: readonly ["INSUFFICIENT_FUNDS", "INVALID_SIGNATURE", "EXPIRED_PAYMENT", "DUPLICATE_NONCE", "NETWORK_MISMATCH", "INVALID_AMOUNT", "SETTLEMENT_FAILED"];
+export type A2AErrorCode = (typeof A2A_ERROR_CODES)[number];
+export declare function isA2AErrorCode(value: string): value is A2AErrorCode;
+/** One accepted payment option (`PaymentRequirements`). */
+export interface A2APaymentRequirements {
+    scheme: string;
+    network: Caip2;
+    asset: string;
+    payTo: string;
+    /** Atomic units, as a decimal string. */
+    maxAmountRequired: string;
+    resource?: string;
+    description?: string;
+    maxTimeoutSeconds?: number;
+    extra?: Record<string, unknown>;
+}
+/** `x402PaymentRequiredResponse`, sent by the merchant in the task metadata. */
+export interface A2APaymentRequiredResponse {
+    x402Version: number;
+    accepts: A2APaymentRequirements[];
+}
+/** A signed payment authorization; `payload` is scheme-specific and opaque. */
+export interface A2APaymentPayload {
+    x402Version: number;
+    network: string;
+    scheme: string;
+    payload: Record<string, unknown>;
+}
+/** `x402SettleResponse`, appended verbatim to `x402.payment.receipts`. */
+export interface A2ASettleResponse {
+    success: boolean;
+    network: string;
+    transaction?: string;
+    payer?: string;
+    errorReason?: string;
+}
+/** The decoded contents of a `Message.metadata` record, payment-wise. */
+export interface A2APaymentMetadata {
+    status: A2APaymentStatus;
+    required?: A2APaymentRequiredResponse;
+    payload?: A2APaymentPayload;
+    receipts?: A2ASettleResponse[];
+    error?: string;
+}
+/** Parses an `x402PaymentRequiredResponse` (the `x402.payment.required` value). */
+export declare function parsePaymentRequiredResponse(value: unknown): A2APaymentRequiredResponse;
+/** Parses a `PaymentPayload` envelope; the scheme payload stays opaque. */
+export declare function parsePaymentPayload(value: unknown): A2APaymentPayload;
+/** Parses an `x402SettleResponse` receipt. */
+export declare function parseSettleResponse(value: unknown): A2ASettleResponse;
+/** Reads the `x402.payment.*` keys out of a message metadata record. */
+export declare function parsePaymentMetadata(metadata: Record<string, unknown>): A2APaymentMetadata;
+/** Serialises the payment fields back into a `Message.metadata` record. */
+export declare function buildPaymentMetadata(entry: A2APaymentMetadata): Record<string, unknown>;
+export interface A2AIntentArgs {
+    id: string;
+    payer: string;
+    reference?: string;
+    /** Anchors `expiresAt` from `maxTimeoutSeconds` when both are present. */
+    now?: Date;
+}
+/** Builds the client-side intent from the requirement the client accepted. */
+export declare function a2aIntent(requirement: A2APaymentRequirements, args: A2AIntentArgs): PaymentIntent;
+/** The anti-tamper gate: a merchant may ask for any `payTo` it likes. */
+export declare function verifyA2ARequirement(requirement: A2APaymentRequirements, intent: PaymentIntent): void;
+export interface A2AReceiptArgs {
+    intent: PaymentIntent;
+    requirement: A2APaymentRequirements;
+    response: A2ASettleResponse;
+    /** ISO-8601 timestamp of settlement. */
+    settledAt: string;
+}
+/** Turns a successful A2A settle response into a receipt, re-checking terms. */
+export declare function receiptFromA2A(args: A2AReceiptArgs): SettlementReceipt;
+//# sourceMappingURL=a2a.d.ts.map

package/dist/a2a.d.ts.map

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