@k2works/claude-code-booster 3.2.0 → 3.3.0

package/lib/assets/docs/article/practical-database-design/part3-orm/chapter22-orm.md

@@ -0,0 +1,1878 @@
+# 第22章：Axon CQRS/ES の実装【ORM版】
+
+本章では、財務会計システムに **CQRS（Command Query Responsibility Segregation）** と **Event Sourcing** を実装します。Axon Framework を使用し、コマンド（書き込み）とクエリ（読み取り）を分離し、すべての状態変更をイベントとして記録するアーキテクチャを構築します。
+
+研究 1 で構築したヘキサゴナルアーキテクチャの考え方を踏襲しつつ、**ドメインモデルをフレームワークから分離**し、Axon Aggregate Adapter を介して連携させます。Read Model の永続化には **Spring Data JPA** を使用します。
+
+---
+
+## 22.1 CQRS/ES アーキテクチャの基礎
+
+### 22.1.1 CQRS とは
+
+CQRS（Command Query Responsibility Segregation）は、コマンド（書き込み）とクエリ（読み取り）の責務を分離するアーキテクチャパターンです。
+
+```plantuml
+@startuml cqrs_architecture
+skinparam componentStyle rectangle
+skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
+
+title CQRS アーキテクチャ（財務会計システム JPA版）
+
+package "Command Side (Write)" {
+  [REST Controller] --> [CommandGateway]
+  [CommandGateway] --> [Aggregate]
+  [Aggregate] --> [Event Store]
+}
+
+package "Query Side (Read)" {
+  [Event Store] --> [Projection]
+  [Projection] --> [Read Model DB]
+  [REST Controller] --> [JPA Repository]
+  [JPA Repository] --> [Read Model DB]
+}
+
+@enduml
+```
+
+**CQRS の利点：**
+
+| 観点 | 説明 |
+|------|------|
+| **スケーラビリティ** | 読み取りと書き込みを独立してスケール可能 |
+| **パフォーマンス** | 読み取りに最適化されたモデルで高速クエリ |
+| **複雑性の分離** | 書き込みロジックと読み取りロジックを独立して開発 |
+| **監査対応** | Event Sourcing と組み合わせて完全な履歴を保持 |
+
+**財務会計システムでの CQRS の意義：**
+
+- **監査証跡**: すべての仕訳変更履歴を完全に保持
+- **複雑なクエリ**: 試算表、財務諸表など多様なビューを効率的に生成
+- **データ整合性**: イベントベースで一貫性を保証
+
+---
+
+### 22.1.2 Event Sourcing とは
+
+Event Sourcing は、アプリケーションの状態をイベントの連続として保存するパターンです。
+
+```plantuml
+@startuml event_sourcing
+skinparam componentStyle rectangle
+skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
+
+[Command] --> [Aggregate] : 1. コマンド受信
+[Aggregate] --> [Domain Model] : 2. ビジネスロジック実行
+[Domain Model] --> [Event] : 3. イベント生成
+[Event] --> [Event Store] : 4. イベント永続化
+[Event Store] --> [Aggregate] : 5. イベント再生（状態復元）
+
+@enduml
+```
+
+**Event Sourcing の利点：**
+
+| 観点 | 説明 |
+|------|------|
+| **完全な履歴** | すべての状態変更が記録される |
+| **監査証跡** | いつ、誰が、何を変更したかが明確 |
+| **時間旅行** | 過去の任意の時点の状態を再構築可能 |
+| **イベント駆動** | 他システムとの連携が容易 |
+
+**財務会計システムでの Event Sourcing の意義：**
+
+- **訂正仕訳の追跡**: 修正履歴を完全に保持
+- **期末決算処理**: 任意の時点での残高を再計算可能
+- **内部統制**: SOX 法対応の監査証跡を自動生成
+
+---
+
+### 22.1.3 ヘキサゴナルアーキテクチャとの統合
+
+```plantuml
+@startuml hexagonal_cqrs
+!define RECTANGLE class
+skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
+
+package "Hexagonal Architecture (CQRS/ES JPA版)" {
+
+  package "Inbound Adapters" {
+    [REST Controller]
+  }
+
+  package "Application Core" {
+    package "Application Layer" {
+      [Aggregate Adapter]
+      [Projection]
+      [Policy Handler]
+    }
+
+    package "Domain Layer" {
+      [Domain Model]
+      [Commands]
+      [Value Objects]
+    }
+
+    package "API Layer" {
+      [Events]
+    }
+  }
+
+  package "Outbound Adapters" {
+    [JPA Repository]
+    [Event Store]
+  }
+}
+
+[REST Controller] --> [Aggregate Adapter]
+[Aggregate Adapter] --> [Domain Model]
+[Projection] --> [JPA Repository]
+
+note top of [Domain Model]
+  純粋なドメインモデル
+  Axon Framework に依存しない
+  ビジネスロジックのみ
+end note
+
+note left of [Aggregate Adapter]
+  Axon 用アダプター
+  @Aggregate, @CommandHandler
+  フレームワーク依存を吸収
+end note
+
+@enduml
+```
+
+**設計原則：**
+
+1. **ドメインモデルの純粋性**: ドメインモデルは Axon に依存しない純粋な Java コード
+2. **Aggregate Adapter**: Axon Framework 用のアダプターを Application Layer に配置
+3. **イベントは公開 API**: イベントは他の Context から参照される公開 API として定義
+
+---
+
+## 22.2 技術スタック
+
+| カテゴリ | 技術 | バージョン |
+|---------|------|-----------|
+| 言語 | Java | 21 |
+| フレームワーク | Spring Boot | 3.4.1 |
+| CQRS/ES | Axon Framework | 4.10.3 |
+| ORM | Spring Data JPA | 3.4.1 |
+| API ドキュメント | SpringDoc OpenAPI | 2.7.0 |
+| データベース | H2 (開発) / PostgreSQL (本番) | - |
+
+### 22.2.1 build.gradle.kts
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: build.gradle.kts</summary>
+
+```kotlin
+dependencies {
+    // Spring Boot
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-validation")
+    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
+
+    // Axon Framework
+    implementation("org.axonframework:axon-spring-boot-starter:4.10.3") {
+        exclude(group = "org.axonframework", module = "axon-server-connector")
+    }
+
+    // OpenAPI
+    implementation("org.springdoc:springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui:2.7.0")
+
+    // Database
+    runtimeOnly("com.h2database:h2")
+    runtimeOnly("org.postgresql:postgresql")
+
+    // Test
+    testImplementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
+    testImplementation("org.axonframework:axon-test:4.10.3")
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+### 22.2.2 ディレクトリ構造
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: ディレクトリ構成</summary>
+
+```
+src/main/java/com/example/accounting/
+├── app/                              # アプリケーション共通
+│   └── RootController.java
+├── config/                           # 設定クラス
+│   ├── AxonConfig.java
+│   ├── JpaConfig.java
+│   └── OpenApiConfig.java
+├── journal/                          # Journal Bounded Context（仕訳）
+│   ├── api/
+│   │   └── events/                   # 公開イベント API
+│   │       ├── JournalEntryEvent.java     # sealed interface
+│   │       ├── JournalEntryCreatedEvent.java
+│   │       ├── JournalEntryApprovedEvent.java
+│   │       └── JournalEntryPostedEvent.java
+│   ├── adapter/
+│   │   ├── inbound/rest/journals/    # Inbound Adapter (REST)
+│   │   │   ├── JournalsController.java
+│   │   │   └── protocol/             # Request/Response DTO
+│   │   └── outbound/persistence/     # Outbound Adapter (JPA)
+│   │       ├── entity/
+│   │       │   ├── JournalEntryEntity.java
+│   │       │   └── JournalLineEntity.java
+│   │       └── repository/
+│   │           └── JournalEntryJpaRepository.java
+│   ├── application/
+│   │   ├── aggregate/                # Axon Aggregate Adapter
+│   │   │   └── JournalEntryAggregateAdapter.java
+│   │   ├── policy/                   # イベントハンドラー（Choreography）
+│   │   │   └── AccountEventHandler.java
+│   │   └── query/                    # Projection
+│   │       └── JournalEntryProjection.java
+│   └── domain/
+│       └── model/aggregate/journal/  # 純粋なドメインモデル
+│           ├── JournalEntry.java
+│           ├── JournalEntryCommands.java
+│           ├── JournalEntryStatus.java
+│           └── JournalLine.java
+└── account/                          # Account Bounded Context（勘定科目）
+    ├── api/events/
+    │   ├── AccountEvent.java
+    │   └── AccountBalanceUpdatedEvent.java
+    ├── application/
+    │   ├── aggregate/
+    │   │   └── AccountAggregateAdapter.java
+    │   └── policy/
+    │       └── JournalEventHandler.java
+    └── domain/model/aggregate/account/
+        ├── Account.java
+        └── AccountCommands.java
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+## 22.3 Axon 設定クラス（JPA版）
+
+### 22.3.1 AxonConfig.java
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: AxonConfig.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.config;
+
+import org.axonframework.common.jpa.EntityManagerProvider;
+import org.axonframework.eventsourcing.eventstore.EmbeddedEventStore;
+import org.axonframework.eventsourcing.eventstore.EventStorageEngine;
+import org.axonframework.eventsourcing.eventstore.EventStore;
+import org.axonframework.eventsourcing.eventstore.jpa.JpaEventStorageEngine;
+import org.axonframework.serialization.Serializer;
+import org.axonframework.serialization.json.JacksonSerializer;
+import org.axonframework.spring.config.SpringAxonConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+
+import javax.sql.DataSource;
+
+/**
+ * Axon Framework 設定（JPA版）
+ */
+@Configuration
+public class AxonConfig {
+
+    /**
+     * JPA ベースの Event Storage Engine
+     */
+    @Bean
+    public EventStorageEngine eventStorageEngine(
+            EntityManagerProvider entityManagerProvider,
+            Serializer serializer) {
+        return JpaEventStorageEngine.builder()
+                .entityManagerProvider(entityManagerProvider)
+                .snapshotSerializer(serializer)
+                .eventSerializer(serializer)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Event Store
+     */
+    @Bean
+    public EventStore eventStore(EventStorageEngine eventStorageEngine) {
+        return EmbeddedEventStore.builder()
+                .storageEngine(eventStorageEngine)
+                .build();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * JSON シリアライザー
+     */
+    @Bean
+    public Serializer eventSerializer() {
+        return JacksonSerializer.defaultSerializer();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+### 22.3.2 JpaConfig.java
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JpaConfig.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.config;
+
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaAuditing;
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
+
+/**
+ * JPA 設定
+ */
+@Configuration
+@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = {
+    "com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.repository",
+    "com.example.accounting.account.adapter.outbound.persistence.repository"
+})
+@EnableJpaAuditing
+public class JpaConfig {
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+## 22.4 ドメインモデルとイベント設計
+
+### 22.4.1 Journal Bounded Context
+
+仕訳の作成から転記完了までのライフサイクルを管理します。
+
+#### 状態遷移図
+
+```plantuml
+@startuml journal_state
+skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
+
+title 仕訳（Journal Entry）の状態遷移
+
+[*] --> DRAFT : JournalEntryCreated
+DRAFT --> PENDING_APPROVAL : JournalEntrySubmitted
+DRAFT --> CANCELLED : JournalEntryCancelled
+PENDING_APPROVAL --> APPROVED : JournalEntryApproved
+PENDING_APPROVAL --> REJECTED : JournalEntryRejected
+PENDING_APPROVAL --> CANCELLED : JournalEntryCancelled
+APPROVED --> POSTED : JournalEntryPosted
+REJECTED --> DRAFT : JournalEntryRevised
+
+@enduml
+```
+
+#### イベント一覧
+
+| イベント | 説明 |
+|---------|------|
+| `JournalEntryCreatedEvent` | 仕訳が作成された |
+| `JournalEntrySubmittedEvent` | 仕訳が承認申請された |
+| `JournalEntryApprovedEvent` | 仕訳が承認された |
+| `JournalEntryRejectedEvent` | 仕訳が却下された |
+| `JournalEntryRevisedEvent` | 却下された仕訳が修正された |
+| `JournalEntryPostedEvent` | 仕訳が転記された（元帳に反映） |
+| `JournalEntryCancelledEvent` | 仕訳がキャンセルされた |
+
+---
+
+### 22.4.2 イベント定義（API Layer）
+
+#### sealed interface によるイベントの型安全性
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryEvent.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.api.events;
+
+/**
+ * JournalEntry イベントの sealed interface
+ * すべての JournalEntry イベントの親インターフェース
+ */
+public sealed interface JournalEntryEvent permits
+        JournalEntryCreatedEvent,
+        JournalEntrySubmittedEvent,
+        JournalEntryApprovedEvent,
+        JournalEntryRejectedEvent,
+        JournalEntryRevisedEvent,
+        JournalEntryPostedEvent,
+        JournalEntryCancelledEvent {
+
+    String journalEntryId();
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+#### イベント record の実装
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryCreatedEvent.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.api.events;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * 仕訳作成イベント
+ */
+public record JournalEntryCreatedEvent(
+        String journalEntryId,
+        String journalNumber,
+        LocalDate transactionDate,
+        String description,
+        List<JournalLineData> lines,
+        String createdBy,
+        LocalDateTime createdAt
+) implements JournalEntryEvent {
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳明細データ
+     */
+    public record JournalLineData(
+            String accountCode,
+            String accountName,
+            BigDecimal debitAmount,
+            BigDecimal creditAmount
+    ) {
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryApprovedEvent.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.api.events;
+
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+
+/**
+ * 仕訳承認イベント
+ */
+public record JournalEntryApprovedEvent(
+        String journalEntryId,
+        String approvedBy,
+        String comment,
+        LocalDateTime approvedAt
+) implements JournalEntryEvent {
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryPostedEvent.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.api.events;
+
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+
+/**
+ * 仕訳転記イベント
+ */
+public record JournalEntryPostedEvent(
+        String journalEntryId,
+        String fiscalPeriod,
+        String postedBy,
+        LocalDateTime postedAt
+) implements JournalEntryEvent {
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+### 22.4.3 コマンド定義（Domain Layer）
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryCommands.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.domain.model.aggregate.journal;
+
+import org.axonframework.modelling.command.TargetAggregateIdentifier;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * JournalEntry 集約へのコマンド定義
+ */
+public final class JournalEntryCommands {
+
+    private JournalEntryCommands() {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳作成コマンド
+     */
+    public record CreateJournalEntryCommand(
+            @TargetAggregateIdentifier
+            String journalEntryId,
+            LocalDate transactionDate,
+            String description,
+            List<JournalLineInput> lines,
+            String createdBy
+    ) {
+        public record JournalLineInput(
+                String accountCode,
+                String accountName,
+                BigDecimal debitAmount,
+                BigDecimal creditAmount
+        ) {
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳承認申請コマンド
+     */
+    public record SubmitJournalEntryCommand(
+            @TargetAggregateIdentifier
+            String journalEntryId,
+            String submittedBy
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳承認コマンド
+     */
+    public record ApproveJournalEntryCommand(
+            @TargetAggregateIdentifier
+            String journalEntryId,
+            String approvedBy,
+            String comment
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳却下コマンド
+     */
+    public record RejectJournalEntryCommand(
+            @TargetAggregateIdentifier
+            String journalEntryId,
+            String rejectedBy,
+            String reason
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳転記コマンド
+     */
+    public record PostJournalEntryCommand(
+            @TargetAggregateIdentifier
+            String journalEntryId,
+            String fiscalPeriod,
+            String postedBy
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳キャンセルコマンド
+     */
+    public record CancelJournalEntryCommand(
+            @TargetAggregateIdentifier
+            String journalEntryId,
+            String cancelledBy,
+            String reason
+    ) {
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+### 22.4.4 ドメインモデル（純粋な Java）
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntry.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.domain.model.aggregate.journal;
+
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.*;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.JournalEntryCreatedEvent.JournalLineData;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * JournalEntry ドメインモデル（Axon 非依存）
+ * 純粋なビジネスロジックのみを含む
+ */
+public record JournalEntry(
+        String journalEntryId,
+        String journalNumber,
+        LocalDate transactionDate,
+        String description,
+        List<JournalLine> lines,
+        JournalEntryStatus status
+) {
+
+    // ======== ファクトリメソッド ========
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳作成
+     */
+    public static JournalEntryCreatedEvent create(
+            String journalEntryId,
+            String journalNumber,
+            LocalDate transactionDate,
+            String description,
+            List<JournalLineData> lines,
+            String createdBy
+    ) {
+        // バリデーション: 借方・貸方の合計が一致すること
+        BigDecimal totalDebit = lines.stream()
+                .map(JournalLineData::debitAmount)
+                .reduce(BigDecimal.ZERO, BigDecimal::add);
+        BigDecimal totalCredit = lines.stream()
+                .map(JournalLineData::creditAmount)
+                .reduce(BigDecimal.ZERO, BigDecimal::add);
+
+        if (totalDebit.compareTo(totalCredit) != 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "Debit and credit amounts must be equal. Debit: " + totalDebit + ", Credit: " + totalCredit
+            );
+        }
+
+        if (lines.isEmpty()) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Journal entry must have at least one line");
+        }
+
+        return new JournalEntryCreatedEvent(
+                journalEntryId,
+                journalNumber,
+                transactionDate,
+                description,
+                lines,
+                createdBy,
+                LocalDateTime.now()
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * イベントからの再構築
+     */
+    public static JournalEntry from(JournalEntryCreatedEvent event) {
+        List<JournalLine> lines = event.lines().stream()
+                .map(data -> new JournalLine(
+                        data.accountCode(),
+                        data.accountName(),
+                        data.debitAmount(),
+                        data.creditAmount()
+                ))
+                .toList();
+
+        return new JournalEntry(
+                event.journalEntryId(),
+                event.journalNumber(),
+                event.transactionDate(),
+                event.description(),
+                lines,
+                JournalEntryStatus.DRAFT
+        );
+    }
+
+    // ======== 状態遷移メソッド ========
+
+    /**
+     * 承認申請
+     */
+    public JournalEntrySubmittedEvent submit(String submittedBy) {
+        if (status != JournalEntryStatus.DRAFT) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Only draft journal entries can be submitted");
+        }
+        return new JournalEntrySubmittedEvent(journalEntryId, submittedBy, LocalDateTime.now());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 承認
+     */
+    public JournalEntryApprovedEvent approve(String approvedBy, String comment) {
+        if (status != JournalEntryStatus.PENDING_APPROVAL) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Only pending journal entries can be approved");
+        }
+        return new JournalEntryApprovedEvent(journalEntryId, approvedBy, comment, LocalDateTime.now());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 却下
+     */
+    public JournalEntryRejectedEvent reject(String rejectedBy, String reason) {
+        if (status != JournalEntryStatus.PENDING_APPROVAL) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Only pending journal entries can be rejected");
+        }
+        return new JournalEntryRejectedEvent(journalEntryId, rejectedBy, reason, LocalDateTime.now());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 転記
+     */
+    public JournalEntryPostedEvent post(String fiscalPeriod, String postedBy) {
+        if (status != JournalEntryStatus.APPROVED) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Only approved journal entries can be posted");
+        }
+        return new JournalEntryPostedEvent(journalEntryId, fiscalPeriod, postedBy, LocalDateTime.now());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * キャンセル
+     */
+    public JournalEntryCancelledEvent cancel(String cancelledBy, String reason) {
+        if (status == JournalEntryStatus.POSTED) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Posted journal entries cannot be cancelled");
+        }
+        if (status == JournalEntryStatus.CANCELLED) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Journal entry is already cancelled");
+        }
+        return new JournalEntryCancelledEvent(journalEntryId, cancelledBy, reason, LocalDateTime.now());
+    }
+
+    // ======== イベント適用メソッド ========
+
+    /**
+     * イベントを適用して新しい状態を生成
+     */
+    public JournalEntry apply(JournalEntryEvent event) {
+        return switch (event) {
+            case JournalEntryCreatedEvent e -> from(e);
+            case JournalEntrySubmittedEvent e -> withStatus(JournalEntryStatus.PENDING_APPROVAL);
+            case JournalEntryApprovedEvent e -> withStatus(JournalEntryStatus.APPROVED);
+            case JournalEntryRejectedEvent e -> withStatus(JournalEntryStatus.REJECTED);
+            case JournalEntryRevisedEvent e -> withStatus(JournalEntryStatus.DRAFT);
+            case JournalEntryPostedEvent e -> withStatus(JournalEntryStatus.POSTED);
+            case JournalEntryCancelledEvent e -> withStatus(JournalEntryStatus.CANCELLED);
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 状態更新ヘルパー
+     */
+    private JournalEntry withStatus(JournalEntryStatus newStatus) {
+        return new JournalEntry(journalEntryId, journalNumber, transactionDate, description, lines, newStatus);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryStatus.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.domain.model.aggregate.journal;
+
+/**
+ * 仕訳ステータス
+ */
+public enum JournalEntryStatus {
+    DRAFT,             // 下書き
+    PENDING_APPROVAL,  // 承認待ち
+    APPROVED,          // 承認済み
+    REJECTED,          // 却下
+    POSTED,            // 転記済み
+    CANCELLED          // キャンセル
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalLine.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.domain.model.aggregate.journal;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+
+/**
+ * 仕訳明細（Value Object）
+ */
+public record JournalLine(
+        String accountCode,
+        String accountName,
+        BigDecimal debitAmount,
+        BigDecimal creditAmount
+) {
+    public JournalLine {
+        if (debitAmount == null) debitAmount = BigDecimal.ZERO;
+        if (creditAmount == null) creditAmount = BigDecimal.ZERO;
+
+        if (debitAmount.compareTo(BigDecimal.ZERO) < 0 || creditAmount.compareTo(BigDecimal.ZERO) < 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Amounts cannot be negative");
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+## 22.5 Aggregate Adapter と Policy Handler
+
+### 22.5.1 JournalEntry Aggregate Adapter
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryAggregateAdapter.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.application.aggregate;
+
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.*;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.JournalEntryCreatedEvent.JournalLineData;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.domain.model.aggregate.journal.JournalEntry;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.domain.model.aggregate.journal.JournalEntryCommands.*;
+import org.axonframework.commandhandling.CommandHandler;
+import org.axonframework.eventsourcing.EventSourcingHandler;
+import org.axonframework.modelling.command.AggregateIdentifier;
+import org.axonframework.modelling.command.AggregateLifecycle;
+import org.axonframework.spring.stereotype.Aggregate;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * JournalEntry Aggregate Adapter（Axon Framework 用）
+ */
+@Aggregate
+public class JournalEntryAggregateAdapter {
+
+    @AggregateIdentifier
+    private String journalEntryId;
+
+    private JournalEntry journalEntry;
+
+    /**
+     * Axon が使用するデフォルトコンストラクタ
+     */
+    protected JournalEntryAggregateAdapter() {
+    }
+
+    // ======== Command Handlers ========
+
+    /**
+     * 集約作成コマンドハンドラー（コンストラクタ）
+     */
+    @CommandHandler
+    public JournalEntryAggregateAdapter(CreateJournalEntryCommand command) {
+        // 仕訳番号を生成
+        String journalNumber = generateJournalNumber();
+
+        // コマンドの明細をイベント用データに変換
+        var lineDataList = command.lines().stream()
+                .map(line -> new JournalLineData(
+                        line.accountCode(),
+                        line.accountName(),
+                        line.debitAmount(),
+                        line.creditAmount()
+                ))
+                .toList();
+
+        // ドメインモデルのファクトリメソッドを呼び出し
+        var event = JournalEntry.create(
+                command.journalEntryId(),
+                journalNumber,
+                command.transactionDate(),
+                command.description(),
+                lineDataList,
+                command.createdBy()
+        );
+
+        // イベントを発行
+        AggregateLifecycle.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 承認申請コマンドハンドラー
+     */
+    @CommandHandler
+    public void handle(SubmitJournalEntryCommand command) {
+        var event = journalEntry.submit(command.submittedBy());
+        AggregateLifecycle.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 承認コマンドハンドラー
+     */
+    @CommandHandler
+    public void handle(ApproveJournalEntryCommand command) {
+        var event = journalEntry.approve(command.approvedBy(), command.comment());
+        AggregateLifecycle.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 却下コマンドハンドラー
+     */
+    @CommandHandler
+    public void handle(RejectJournalEntryCommand command) {
+        var event = journalEntry.reject(command.rejectedBy(), command.reason());
+        AggregateLifecycle.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * 転記コマンドハンドラー
+     */
+    @CommandHandler
+    public void handle(PostJournalEntryCommand command) {
+        var event = journalEntry.post(command.fiscalPeriod(), command.postedBy());
+        AggregateLifecycle.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * キャンセルコマンドハンドラー
+     */
+    @CommandHandler
+    public void handle(CancelJournalEntryCommand command) {
+        var event = journalEntry.cancel(command.cancelledBy(), command.reason());
+        AggregateLifecycle.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    // ======== Event Sourcing Handlers（状態復元）========
+
+    @EventSourcingHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryCreatedEvent event) {
+        this.journalEntryId = event.journalEntryId();
+        this.journalEntry = JournalEntry.from(event);
+    }
+
+    @EventSourcingHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntrySubmittedEvent event) {
+        this.journalEntry = journalEntry.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    @EventSourcingHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryApprovedEvent event) {
+        this.journalEntry = journalEntry.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    @EventSourcingHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryRejectedEvent event) {
+        this.journalEntry = journalEntry.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    @EventSourcingHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryPostedEvent event) {
+        this.journalEntry = journalEntry.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    @EventSourcingHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryCancelledEvent event) {
+        this.journalEntry = journalEntry.apply(event);
+    }
+
+    // ======== Helper Methods ========
+
+    private String generateJournalNumber() {
+        // 実際には連番生成サービスを使用
+        return "JE-" + UUID.randomUUID().toString().substring(0, 8).toUpperCase();
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+**Axon アノテーション解説：**
+
+| アノテーション | 説明 |
+|--------------|------|
+| `@Aggregate` | Event Sourcing 集約であることを宣言 |
+| `@AggregateIdentifier` | 集約の識別子フィールド |
+| `@CommandHandler` | コマンドを処理するメソッド |
+| `@EventSourcingHandler` | イベントから状態を復元するメソッド |
+| `AggregateLifecycle.apply()` | イベントを発行するメソッド |
+
+---
+
+### 22.5.2 Policy Handler（Choreography パターン）
+
+```plantuml
+@startuml choreography
+skinparam backgroundColor #FEFEFE
+
+participant "Journal Context" as Journal
+participant "Event Bus" as Bus
+participant "Account Context" as Account
+
+== 仕訳転記フロー ==
+Journal -> Bus : JournalEntryPostedEvent
+Bus -> Account : JournalEntryPostedEvent
+Account -> Account : updateBalance()
+Account -> Bus : AccountBalanceUpdatedEvent
+
+@enduml
+```
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEventHandler.java（Account Context 内）</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.account.application.policy;
+
+import com.example.accounting.account.domain.model.aggregate.account.AccountCommands.*;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.JournalEntryPostedEvent;
+import org.axonframework.commandhandling.gateway.CommandGateway;
+import org.axonframework.eventhandling.EventHandler;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
+
+/**
+ * Journal イベントに反応して勘定科目残高を更新する Policy Handler
+ */
+@Component
+public class JournalEventHandler {
+
+    private final CommandGateway commandGateway;
+
+    public JournalEventHandler(CommandGateway commandGateway) {
+        this.commandGateway = commandGateway;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Policy: "When a journal entry is posted, update account balances"
+     */
+    @EventHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryPostedEvent event) {
+        // 仕訳の各明細に対して残高更新コマンドを発行
+        // 実際には JournalEntryPostedEvent に明細情報を含めるか、
+        // Read Model から取得する
+        var command = new UpdateAccountBalanceCommand(
+                event.journalEntryId(),
+                event.fiscalPeriod()
+        );
+        commandGateway.send(command);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+## 22.6 Projection と Read Model（JPA版）
+
+### 22.6.1 JournalEntry Projection
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryProjection.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.application.query;
+
+import com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.entity.JournalEntryEntity;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.entity.JournalLineEntity;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.repository.JournalEntryJpaRepository;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.*;
+import org.axonframework.eventhandling.EventHandler;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
+import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
+
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+/**
+ * JournalEntry Projection（JPA を使用した Read Model の更新）
+ */
+@Component
+@Transactional
+public class JournalEntryProjection {
+
+    private final JournalEntryJpaRepository repository;
+
+    public JournalEntryProjection(JournalEntryJpaRepository repository) {
+        this.repository = repository;
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryCreatedEvent event) {
+        var entity = new JournalEntryEntity();
+        entity.setJournalEntryId(event.journalEntryId());
+        entity.setJournalNumber(event.journalNumber());
+        entity.setTransactionDate(event.transactionDate());
+        entity.setDescription(event.description());
+        entity.setStatus("DRAFT");
+        entity.setCreatedBy(event.createdBy());
+        entity.setCreatedAt(event.createdAt());
+
+        // 明細をエンティティに変換
+        var lineEntities = event.lines().stream()
+                .map(line -> {
+                    var lineEntity = new JournalLineEntity();
+                    lineEntity.setAccountCode(line.accountCode());
+                    lineEntity.setAccountName(line.accountName());
+                    lineEntity.setDebitAmount(line.debitAmount());
+                    lineEntity.setCreditAmount(line.creditAmount());
+                    lineEntity.setJournalEntry(entity);
+                    return lineEntity;
+                })
+                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+
+        entity.setLines(lineEntities);
+        repository.save(entity);
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntrySubmittedEvent event) {
+        repository.findById(event.journalEntryId()).ifPresent(entity -> {
+            entity.setStatus("PENDING_APPROVAL");
+            entity.setSubmittedBy(event.submittedBy());
+            entity.setSubmittedAt(event.submittedAt());
+            repository.save(entity);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryApprovedEvent event) {
+        repository.findById(event.journalEntryId()).ifPresent(entity -> {
+            entity.setStatus("APPROVED");
+            entity.setApprovedBy(event.approvedBy());
+            entity.setApprovalComment(event.comment());
+            entity.setApprovedAt(event.approvedAt());
+            repository.save(entity);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryRejectedEvent event) {
+        repository.findById(event.journalEntryId()).ifPresent(entity -> {
+            entity.setStatus("REJECTED");
+            entity.setRejectedBy(event.rejectedBy());
+            entity.setRejectionReason(event.reason());
+            entity.setRejectedAt(event.rejectedAt());
+            repository.save(entity);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryPostedEvent event) {
+        repository.findById(event.journalEntryId()).ifPresent(entity -> {
+            entity.setStatus("POSTED");
+            entity.setFiscalPeriod(event.fiscalPeriod());
+            entity.setPostedBy(event.postedBy());
+            entity.setPostedAt(event.postedAt());
+            repository.save(entity);
+        });
+    }
+
+    @EventHandler
+    public void on(JournalEntryCancelledEvent event) {
+        repository.findById(event.journalEntryId()).ifPresent(entity -> {
+            entity.setStatus("CANCELLED");
+            entity.setCancelledBy(event.cancelledBy());
+            entity.setCancellationReason(event.reason());
+            entity.setCancelledAt(event.cancelledAt());
+            repository.save(entity);
+        });
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+### 22.6.2 Read Model Entity（JPA）
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryEntity.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.entity;
+
+import jakarta.persistence.*;
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/**
+ * JournalEntry Read Model Entity（JPA）
+ */
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "journal_entries")
+public class JournalEntryEntity {
+
+    @Id
+    @Column(name = "journal_entry_id", length = 36)
+    private String journalEntryId;
+
+    @Column(name = "journal_number", length = 20, nullable = false)
+    private String journalNumber;
+
+    @Column(name = "transaction_date", nullable = false)
+    private LocalDate transactionDate;
+
+    @Column(name = "description", length = 500)
+    private String description;
+
+    @Column(name = "status", length = 20, nullable = false)
+    private String status;
+
+    @Column(name = "fiscal_period", length = 10)
+    private String fiscalPeriod;
+
+    @Column(name = "created_by", length = 100, nullable = false)
+    private String createdBy;
+
+    @Column(name = "created_at", nullable = false)
+    private LocalDateTime createdAt;
+
+    @Column(name = "submitted_by", length = 100)
+    private String submittedBy;
+
+    @Column(name = "submitted_at")
+    private LocalDateTime submittedAt;
+
+    @Column(name = "approved_by", length = 100)
+    private String approvedBy;
+
+    @Column(name = "approval_comment", length = 500)
+    private String approvalComment;
+
+    @Column(name = "approved_at")
+    private LocalDateTime approvedAt;
+
+    @Column(name = "rejected_by", length = 100)
+    private String rejectedBy;
+
+    @Column(name = "rejection_reason", length = 500)
+    private String rejectionReason;
+
+    @Column(name = "rejected_at")
+    private LocalDateTime rejectedAt;
+
+    @Column(name = "posted_by", length = 100)
+    private String postedBy;
+
+    @Column(name = "posted_at")
+    private LocalDateTime postedAt;
+
+    @Column(name = "cancelled_by", length = 100)
+    private String cancelledBy;
+
+    @Column(name = "cancellation_reason", length = 500)
+    private String cancellationReason;
+
+    @Column(name = "cancelled_at")
+    private LocalDateTime cancelledAt;
+
+    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "journalEntry", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
+    private List<JournalLineEntity> lines = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    // Getters and Setters
+    public String getJournalEntryId() { return journalEntryId; }
+    public void setJournalEntryId(String journalEntryId) { this.journalEntryId = journalEntryId; }
+
+    public String getJournalNumber() { return journalNumber; }
+    public void setJournalNumber(String journalNumber) { this.journalNumber = journalNumber; }
+
+    public LocalDate getTransactionDate() { return transactionDate; }
+    public void setTransactionDate(LocalDate transactionDate) { this.transactionDate = transactionDate; }
+
+    public String getDescription() { return description; }
+    public void setDescription(String description) { this.description = description; }
+
+    public String getStatus() { return status; }
+    public void setStatus(String status) { this.status = status; }
+
+    public String getFiscalPeriod() { return fiscalPeriod; }
+    public void setFiscalPeriod(String fiscalPeriod) { this.fiscalPeriod = fiscalPeriod; }
+
+    public String getCreatedBy() { return createdBy; }
+    public void setCreatedBy(String createdBy) { this.createdBy = createdBy; }
+
+    public LocalDateTime getCreatedAt() { return createdAt; }
+    public void setCreatedAt(LocalDateTime createdAt) { this.createdAt = createdAt; }
+
+    public String getSubmittedBy() { return submittedBy; }
+    public void setSubmittedBy(String submittedBy) { this.submittedBy = submittedBy; }
+
+    public LocalDateTime getSubmittedAt() { return submittedAt; }
+    public void setSubmittedAt(LocalDateTime submittedAt) { this.submittedAt = submittedAt; }
+
+    public String getApprovedBy() { return approvedBy; }
+    public void setApprovedBy(String approvedBy) { this.approvedBy = approvedBy; }
+
+    public String getApprovalComment() { return approvalComment; }
+    public void setApprovalComment(String approvalComment) { this.approvalComment = approvalComment; }
+
+    public LocalDateTime getApprovedAt() { return approvedAt; }
+    public void setApprovedAt(LocalDateTime approvedAt) { this.approvedAt = approvedAt; }
+
+    public String getRejectedBy() { return rejectedBy; }
+    public void setRejectedBy(String rejectedBy) { this.rejectedBy = rejectedBy; }
+
+    public String getRejectionReason() { return rejectionReason; }
+    public void setRejectionReason(String rejectionReason) { this.rejectionReason = rejectionReason; }
+
+    public LocalDateTime getRejectedAt() { return rejectedAt; }
+    public void setRejectedAt(LocalDateTime rejectedAt) { this.rejectedAt = rejectedAt; }
+
+    public String getPostedBy() { return postedBy; }
+    public void setPostedBy(String postedBy) { this.postedBy = postedBy; }
+
+    public LocalDateTime getPostedAt() { return postedAt; }
+    public void setPostedAt(LocalDateTime postedAt) { this.postedAt = postedAt; }
+
+    public String getCancelledBy() { return cancelledBy; }
+    public void setCancelledBy(String cancelledBy) { this.cancelledBy = cancelledBy; }
+
+    public String getCancellationReason() { return cancellationReason; }
+    public void setCancellationReason(String cancellationReason) { this.cancellationReason = cancellationReason; }
+
+    public LocalDateTime getCancelledAt() { return cancelledAt; }
+    public void setCancelledAt(LocalDateTime cancelledAt) { this.cancelledAt = cancelledAt; }
+
+    public List<JournalLineEntity> getLines() { return lines; }
+    public void setLines(List<JournalLineEntity> lines) { this.lines = lines; }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalLineEntity.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.entity;
+
+import jakarta.persistence.*;
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+
+/**
+ * JournalLine Read Model Entity（JPA）
+ */
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "journal_lines")
+public class JournalLineEntity {
+
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+    @Column(name = "id")
+    private Long id;
+
+    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
+    @JoinColumn(name = "journal_entry_id", nullable = false)
+    private JournalEntryEntity journalEntry;
+
+    @Column(name = "account_code", length = 10, nullable = false)
+    private String accountCode;
+
+    @Column(name = "account_name", length = 100, nullable = false)
+    private String accountName;
+
+    @Column(name = "debit_amount", precision = 15, scale = 2, nullable = false)
+    private BigDecimal debitAmount;
+
+    @Column(name = "credit_amount", precision = 15, scale = 2, nullable = false)
+    private BigDecimal creditAmount;
+
+    // Getters and Setters
+    public Long getId() { return id; }
+    public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; }
+
+    public JournalEntryEntity getJournalEntry() { return journalEntry; }
+    public void setJournalEntry(JournalEntryEntity journalEntry) { this.journalEntry = journalEntry; }
+
+    public String getAccountCode() { return accountCode; }
+    public void setAccountCode(String accountCode) { this.accountCode = accountCode; }
+
+    public String getAccountName() { return accountName; }
+    public void setAccountName(String accountName) { this.accountName = accountName; }
+
+    public BigDecimal getDebitAmount() { return debitAmount; }
+    public void setDebitAmount(BigDecimal debitAmount) { this.debitAmount = debitAmount; }
+
+    public BigDecimal getCreditAmount() { return creditAmount; }
+    public void setCreditAmount(BigDecimal creditAmount) { this.creditAmount = creditAmount; }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+### 22.6.3 JPA Repository インターフェース
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryJpaRepository.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.repository;
+
+import com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.entity.JournalEntryEntity;
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.EntityGraph;
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
+import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
+
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+/**
+ * JournalEntry JPA Repository
+ */
+@Repository
+public interface JournalEntryJpaRepository extends JpaRepository<JournalEntryEntity, String> {
+
+    /**
+     * ID で検索（明細を EAGER ロード）
+     */
+    @EntityGraph(attributePaths = {"lines"})
+    Optional<JournalEntryEntity> findWithLinesById(String journalEntryId);
+
+    /**
+     * ステータスで検索
+     */
+    List<JournalEntryEntity> findByStatus(String status);
+
+    /**
+     * 期間で検索
+     */
+    List<JournalEntryEntity> findByTransactionDateBetween(LocalDate startDate, LocalDate endDate);
+
+    /**
+     * 会計期間で検索
+     */
+    List<JournalEntryEntity> findByFiscalPeriod(String fiscalPeriod);
+
+    /**
+     * 勘定科目コードを含む仕訳を検索
+     */
+    @Query("SELECT DISTINCT je FROM JournalEntryEntity je JOIN je.lines l WHERE l.accountCode = :accountCode")
+    List<JournalEntryEntity> findByAccountCode(@Param("accountCode") String accountCode);
+
+    /**
+     * 仕訳番号で検索
+     */
+    Optional<JournalEntryEntity> findByJournalNumber(String journalNumber);
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+## 22.7 REST API と統合テスト
+
+### 22.7.1 REST Controller（Inbound Adapter）
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalsController.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.inbound.rest.journals;
+
+import com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.inbound.rest.journals.protocol.*;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.adapter.outbound.persistence.repository.JournalEntryJpaRepository;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.JournalEntryCreatedEvent.JournalLineData;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.domain.model.aggregate.journal.JournalEntryCommands.*;
+import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.Operation;
+import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.tags.Tag;
+import jakarta.validation.Valid;
+import org.axonframework.commandhandling.gateway.CommandGateway;
+import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
+import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
+import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+
+/**
+ * Journal REST Controller（Inbound Adapter）
+ */
+@RestController
+@RequestMapping("/api/journals")
+@Tag(name = "Journals", description = "Journal Entry management API")
+public class JournalsController {
+
+    private final CommandGateway commandGateway;
+    private final JournalEntryJpaRepository repository;
+
+    public JournalsController(CommandGateway commandGateway, JournalEntryJpaRepository repository) {
+        this.commandGateway = commandGateway;
+        this.repository = repository;
+    }
+
+    // ========== Command Side (Write) ==========
+
+    @PostMapping
+    @Operation(summary = "Create a new journal entry")
+    public CompletableFuture<ResponseEntity<JournalCreateResponse>> create(
+            @Valid @RequestBody JournalCreateRequest request
+    ) {
+        var journalEntryId = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
+
+        var lineInputs = request.lines().stream()
+                .map(line -> new JournalLineInput(
+                        line.accountCode(),
+                        line.accountName(),
+                        line.debitAmount(),
+                        line.creditAmount()
+                ))
+                .toList();
+
+        var command = new CreateJournalEntryCommand(
+                journalEntryId,
+                request.transactionDate(),
+                request.description(),
+                lineInputs,
+                request.createdBy()
+        );
+
+        return commandGateway.send(command)
+                .thenApply(result -> ResponseEntity
+                        .status(HttpStatus.CREATED)
+                        .body(new JournalCreateResponse(journalEntryId)));
+    }
+
+    @PostMapping("/{id}/submit")
+    @Operation(summary = "Submit journal entry for approval")
+    public CompletableFuture<ResponseEntity<Void>> submit(
+            @PathVariable String id,
+            @Valid @RequestBody JournalSubmitRequest request
+    ) {
+        var command = new SubmitJournalEntryCommand(id, request.submittedBy());
+
+        return commandGateway.send(command)
+                .thenApply(result -> ResponseEntity.ok().<Void>build());
+    }
+
+    @PostMapping("/{id}/approve")
+    @Operation(summary = "Approve journal entry")
+    public CompletableFuture<ResponseEntity<Void>> approve(
+            @PathVariable String id,
+            @Valid @RequestBody JournalApproveRequest request
+    ) {
+        var command = new ApproveJournalEntryCommand(id, request.approvedBy(), request.comment());
+
+        return commandGateway.send(command)
+                .thenApply(result -> ResponseEntity.ok().<Void>build());
+    }
+
+    @PostMapping("/{id}/reject")
+    @Operation(summary = "Reject journal entry")
+    public CompletableFuture<ResponseEntity<Void>> reject(
+            @PathVariable String id,
+            @Valid @RequestBody JournalRejectRequest request
+    ) {
+        var command = new RejectJournalEntryCommand(id, request.rejectedBy(), request.reason());
+
+        return commandGateway.send(command)
+                .thenApply(result -> ResponseEntity.ok().<Void>build());
+    }
+
+    @PostMapping("/{id}/post")
+    @Operation(summary = "Post journal entry to general ledger")
+    public CompletableFuture<ResponseEntity<Void>> post(
+            @PathVariable String id,
+            @Valid @RequestBody JournalPostRequest request
+    ) {
+        var command = new PostJournalEntryCommand(id, request.fiscalPeriod(), request.postedBy());
+
+        return commandGateway.send(command)
+                .thenApply(result -> ResponseEntity.ok().<Void>build());
+    }
+
+    @PostMapping("/{id}/cancel")
+    @Operation(summary = "Cancel journal entry")
+    public CompletableFuture<ResponseEntity<Void>> cancel(
+            @PathVariable String id,
+            @Valid @RequestBody JournalCancelRequest request
+    ) {
+        var command = new CancelJournalEntryCommand(id, request.cancelledBy(), request.reason());
+
+        return commandGateway.send(command)
+                .thenApply(result -> ResponseEntity.ok().<Void>build());
+    }
+
+    // ========== Query Side (Read) ==========
+
+    @GetMapping("/{id}")
+    @Operation(summary = "Get a journal entry by ID")
+    public ResponseEntity<JournalGetResponse> get(@PathVariable String id) {
+        return repository.findWithLinesById(id)
+                .map(entity -> ResponseEntity.ok(JournalGetResponse.from(entity)))
+                .orElse(ResponseEntity.notFound().build());
+    }
+
+    @GetMapping
+    @Operation(summary = "Get all journal entries")
+    public ResponseEntity<JournalListResponse> getAll() {
+        var entities = repository.findAll();
+        var items = entities.stream()
+                .map(JournalGetResponse::from)
+                .toList();
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(new JournalListResponse(items));
+    }
+
+    @GetMapping("/status/{status}")
+    @Operation(summary = "Get journal entries by status")
+    public ResponseEntity<JournalListResponse> getByStatus(@PathVariable String status) {
+        var entities = repository.findByStatus(status);
+        var items = entities.stream()
+                .map(JournalGetResponse::from)
+                .toList();
+        return ResponseEntity.ok(new JournalListResponse(items));
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+### 22.7.2 API エンドポイント一覧
+
+| メソッド | パス | 説明 | 種別 |
+|---------|------|------|------|
+| POST | `/api/journals` | 仕訳作成 | Command |
+| POST | `/api/journals/{id}/submit` | 承認申請 | Command |
+| POST | `/api/journals/{id}/approve` | 承認 | Command |
+| POST | `/api/journals/{id}/reject` | 却下 | Command |
+| POST | `/api/journals/{id}/post` | 転記 | Command |
+| POST | `/api/journals/{id}/cancel` | キャンセル | Command |
+| GET | `/api/journals` | 仕訳一覧取得 | Query |
+| GET | `/api/journals/{id}` | 仕訳詳細取得 | Query |
+| GET | `/api/journals/status/{status}` | ステータス別取得 | Query |
+
+---
+
+### 22.7.3 Axon Test による単体テスト
+
+<details>
+<summary>コード例: JournalEntryAggregateTest.java</summary>
+
+```java
+package com.example.accounting.journal.application.aggregate;
+
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.*;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.api.events.JournalEntryCreatedEvent.JournalLineData;
+import com.example.accounting.journal.domain.model.aggregate.journal.JournalEntryCommands.*;
+import org.axonframework.test.aggregate.AggregateTestFixture;
+import org.axonframework.test.aggregate.FixtureConfiguration;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import java.math.BigDecimal;
+import java.time.LocalDate;
+import java.time.LocalDateTime;
+import java.util.List;
+
+class JournalEntryAggregateTest {
+
+    private FixtureConfiguration<JournalEntryAggregateAdapter> fixture;
+
+    @BeforeEach
+    void setUp() {
+        fixture = new AggregateTestFixture<>(JournalEntryAggregateAdapter.class);
+    }
+
+    @Nested
+    @DisplayName("仕訳作成")
+    class CreateJournalEntry {
+
+        @Test
+        @DisplayName("貸借一致の仕訳を作成できる")
+        void shouldCreateBalancedJournalEntry() {
+            var command = new CreateJournalEntryCommand(
+                    "je-1",
+                    LocalDate.now(),
+                    "売上計上",
+                    List.of(
+                            new JournalLineInput("1100", "売掛金", BigDecimal.valueOf(10000), BigDecimal.ZERO),
+                            new JournalLineInput("4100", "売上高", BigDecimal.ZERO, BigDecimal.valueOf(10000))
+                    ),
+                    "user-1"
+            );
+
+            fixture.givenNoPriorActivity()
+                    .when(command)
+                    .expectSuccessfulHandlerExecution()
+                    .expectEventsMatching(events ->
+                            events.getPayload() instanceof JournalEntryCreatedEvent
+                    );
+        }
+
+        @Test
+        @DisplayName("貸借不一致の場合はエラー")
+        void shouldRejectUnbalancedJournalEntry() {
+            var command = new CreateJournalEntryCommand(
+                    "je-1",
+                    LocalDate.now(),
+                    "不正な仕訳",
+                    List.of(
+                            new JournalLineInput("1100", "売掛金", BigDecimal.valueOf(10000), BigDecimal.ZERO),
+                            new JournalLineInput("4100", "売上高", BigDecimal.ZERO, BigDecimal.valueOf(5000))
+                    ),
+                    "user-1"
+            );
+
+            fixture.givenNoPriorActivity()
+                    .when(command)
+                    .expectException(IllegalArgumentException.class);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nested
+    @DisplayName("仕訳承認")
+    class ApproveJournalEntry {
+
+        @Test
+        @DisplayName("承認待ちの仕訳を承認できる")
+        void shouldApprovePendingJournalEntry() {
+            var createdEvent = new JournalEntryCreatedEvent(
+                    "je-1",
+                    "JE-001",
+                    LocalDate.now(),
+                    "売上計上",
+                    List.of(
+                            new JournalLineData("1100", "売掛金", BigDecimal.valueOf(10000), BigDecimal.ZERO),
+                            new JournalLineData("4100", "売上高", BigDecimal.ZERO, BigDecimal.valueOf(10000))
+                    ),
+                    "user-1",
+                    LocalDateTime.now()
+            );
+            var submittedEvent = new JournalEntrySubmittedEvent("je-1", "user-1", LocalDateTime.now());
+
+            fixture.given(createdEvent, submittedEvent)
+                    .when(new ApproveJournalEntryCommand("je-1", "manager-1", "承認します"))
+                    .expectSuccessfulHandlerExecution()
+                    .expectEventsMatching(events ->
+                            events.getPayload() instanceof JournalEntryApprovedEvent
+                    );
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Nested
+    @DisplayName("仕訳転記")
+    class PostJournalEntry {
+
+        @Test
+        @DisplayName("承認済みの仕訳を転記できる")
+        void shouldPostApprovedJournalEntry() {
+            var createdEvent = new JournalEntryCreatedEvent(
+                    "je-1",
+                    "JE-001",
+                    LocalDate.now(),
+                    "売上計上",
+                    List.of(
+                            new JournalLineData("1100", "売掛金", BigDecimal.valueOf(10000), BigDecimal.ZERO),
+                            new JournalLineData("4100", "売上高", BigDecimal.ZERO, BigDecimal.valueOf(10000))
+                    ),
+                    "user-1",
+                    LocalDateTime.now()
+            );
+            var submittedEvent = new JournalEntrySubmittedEvent("je-1", "user-1", LocalDateTime.now());
+            var approvedEvent = new JournalEntryApprovedEvent("je-1", "manager-1", "OK", LocalDateTime.now());
+
+            fixture.given(createdEvent, submittedEvent, approvedEvent)
+                    .when(new PostJournalEntryCommand("je-1", "2024-01", "system"))
+                    .expectSuccessfulHandlerExecution()
+                    .expectEventsMatching(events ->
+                            events.getPayload() instanceof JournalEntryPostedEvent
+                    );
+        }
+
+        @Test
+        @DisplayName("未承認の仕訳は転記できない")
+        void shouldNotPostUnapprovedJournalEntry() {
+            var createdEvent = new JournalEntryCreatedEvent(
+                    "je-1",
+                    "JE-001",
+                    LocalDate.now(),
+                    "売上計上",
+                    List.of(
+                            new JournalLineData("1100", "売掛金", BigDecimal.valueOf(10000), BigDecimal.ZERO),
+                            new JournalLineData("4100", "売上高", BigDecimal.ZERO, BigDecimal.valueOf(10000))
+                    ),
+                    "user-1",
+                    LocalDateTime.now()
+            );
+
+            fixture.given(createdEvent)
+                    .when(new PostJournalEntryCommand("je-1", "2024-01", "system"))
+                    .expectException(IllegalStateException.class);
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+</details>
+
+---
+
+## 22.8 まとめ
+
+### 22.8.1 実装した機能一覧
+
+| 項目 | 内容 | 主要技術 |
+|---|---|---|
+| **CQRS/ES アーキテクチャ** | コマンドとクエリの分離 | Axon Framework, Event Sourcing |
+| **ドメイン設計** | イベント、コマンド、ドメインモデル | sealed interface, record |
+| **Aggregate Adapter** | フレームワーク依存の分離 | @Aggregate, @CommandHandler |
+| **Projection** | Read Model の更新 | @EventHandler, Spring Data JPA |
+| **REST API** | Inbound Adapter, テスト | CommandGateway, Axon Test |
+
+### 22.8.2 MyBatis 版と JPA 版の比較
+
+| 観点 | MyBatis 版 | JPA 版 |
+|------|-----------|--------|
+| **設定** | MapperScan, XML マッピング | EnableJpaRepositories |
+| **Event Store** | JdbcEventStorageEngine | JpaEventStorageEngine |
+| **Repository** | Mapper インターフェース + XML | JpaRepository インターフェース |
+| **Projection** | Mapper.insert/update | Repository.save |
+| **エンティティ** | POJO | @Entity アノテーション |
+| **リレーション** | 手動結合 | @OneToMany/@ManyToOne |
+| **クエリ** | XML で SQL 定義 | メソッド名規約 + @Query |
+
+### 22.8.3 JPA 版の利点
+
+| 利点 | 説明 |
+|------|------|
+| **コード量削減** | Spring Data JPA による自動実装 |
+| **型安全性** | コンパイル時にクエリメソッドをチェック |
+| **リレーション管理** | @OneToMany によるカスケード操作 |
+| **監査機能** | @EnableJpaAuditing による自動タイムスタンプ |
+| **N+1 対策** | @EntityGraph による EAGER ロード制御 |
+
+### 22.8.4 財務会計システムにおける CQRS/ES の意義
+
+| 観点 | 説明 |
+|------|------|
+| **監査証跡** | すべての仕訳変更履歴を完全に保持 |
+| **内部統制** | SOX 法対応の監査ログを自動生成 |
+| **訂正仕訳** | 修正履歴を完全に追跡可能 |
+| **期末決算** | 任意の時点での残高を再計算可能 |
+| **試算表生成** | Read Model を使った高速クエリ |
+
+CQRS/ES は導入コストが高いですが、監査要件が厳しい財務会計システムでは、その恩恵は大きくなります。JPA を使用することで、Read Model の管理が簡潔になり、Spring Data JPA の豊富な機能を活用できます。