@junghanacs/entwurf 0.41.2 → 0.50.0

package/pi-extensions/lib/entwurf-v2-visible-resume.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * entwurf-v2-visible-resume — stand a dormant pi or Claude Code citizen back up in a window the
- * operator can see, under the same garden id, and say only what was actually observed.
+ * entwurf-v2-visible-resume — stand a dormant pi, pi-durable or Claude Code citizen back up in a window
+ * (or herdr tab) the operator can see, under the same garden id, and say only what was actually observed.
  *
  * ── Two backends, one shape (#147 L2) ──
  *
@@ -19,7 +19,17 @@
  *                timeout, a store write failure, a launch after the re-read) is invisible to this
  *                proof. Back = a NEW live owner, in the pane this call opened, re-armed the marker
  *                for the same session with a fresh binding the current record also carries (same
- *                createdAt). The old marker read again is never success.
+ *                createdAt). The old marker read again is never success. "In the pane" is the owner
+ *                pid equal to that pane's direct child: tmux's pane pid, or on herdr (#157 stage 4)
+ *                the `pane.process_info` report of the pane ONE layout.apply created.
+ *
+ *   pi-durable   dormant = THIS process could reserve the session's directory D (#157 B3): the
+ *                owner-fence claim's holder is proven dead, or it closed clean, and the record and
+ *                its C4 location agree — decided by `reservePiDurableSession` inside its own
+ *                record-arm then S_D holds, under the per-target lock this module already holds as
+ *                the outer scope. The launched child adopts that one reservation from its closed
+ *                context. Back = its adoption write: the claim carries this reservation's generation
+ *                as its `adoptedFrom` — an adoption, never readiness, liveness or a turn.
  *
  * Every other backend is the leaf's named refusal. The argv is a fixed table per backend; the caller
  * supplies only the target.
@@ -28,12 +38,20 @@
  *
  *   surface (entwurf-control.ts · mcp bridge index.ts)   composition root: supplies `launch`
  *     └─ entwurf-v2-visible-resume  (this file)          v2 leaves ONLY: lock, record, socket
- *          └─ deps.launch(argv, cwd)  ── INJECTED SEAM ──→ mux-resume-call → placement leaf
+ *          └─ deps.launch(argv, cwd)  ── INJECTED SEAM ──→ fresh-call-dispatch (shared rail choice)
+ *                                                         ├→ mux-resume-call → placement leaf
+ *                                                         └→ herdr-resume-call (inside herdr: pi via agent
+ *                                                            start; pi-durable and Claude Code via ONE
+ *                                                            layout.apply)
  *
  * The seam is what keeps `docs/mux-launch-rail.md` §11 intact in both directions: v2 never
  * imports mux, mux never imports entwurf core. This module cannot open a window; it can only
  * ask whoever wired it to. That is deliberate — it means the delivery fence stays exactly where
- * `check-mux-launch` scans for it.
+ * `check-mux-launch` scans for it. The herdr rail (#157 G1a) reaches it through the same seam and
+ * the same fence: this module imports no herdr module either, and learns which rail ran only from
+ * the `rail` its launch handle carries. A herdr launch is two mutations (tab create, then agent
+ * start), so the seam may also answer with a failure AFTER something was created; that is its own
+ * result, never a refusal that says no window was opened.
  *
  * ── Why a resume is structurally SMALLER than a fresh call on identity, and LARGER on the lock ──
  *
@@ -63,8 +81,9 @@
  *
  * ── Two receipts, never merged ──
  *
- * `launch` says tmux made a window and was asked to start the runtime. `observation` says whether
- * the citizen came back under the same id (pi: its socket; Claude Code: its receiver marker).
+ * `launch` says tmux made a window (or, inside herdr, herdr made a tab) and was
+ * asked to start the runtime. `observation` says whether the citizen came back under the same id (pi:
+ * its socket; pi-durable: a child's adoption of the reservation; Claude Code: its receiver marker).
  * Neither says the resumed citizen did anything. This verb submits no prompt. For pi a resume ran
  * no turn (measured 2026-08-06, pi only — the transcript stayed byte-identical); for Claude Code
  * the runtime's own activity after resume (its SessionStart hook re-arms the doorbell, and unread
@@ -73,7 +92,9 @@
  * half reads the receiver marker and the record instead.
  */
 
+import path from "node:path";
 import { ACP_MODEL_NOT_CURATED_HINT, AcpModelNotCuratedError } from "./acp/model-ids.js";
+import { ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS } from "./agent-guidance.ts";
 import { buildResumePiArgs } from "./entwurf-resume-args.ts";
 import {
 	type AcquireLockResult,
@@ -85,6 +106,10 @@ import {
 } from "./entwurf-v2-lock.ts";
 import {
 	classifyMarkerOwner,
+	defaultMetaMailboxDir,
+	defaultMetaReceiversDir,
+	defaultMetaSendersDir,
+	defaultMetaSessionsDir,
 	type MarkerOwnerVerdict,
 	metaReceiverMarkerPath,
 	parseMetaReceiverMarker,
@@ -92,10 +117,18 @@ import {
 	processStartKey,
 	readStoreRecordFile,
 } from "./meta-session.ts";
+import {
+	observePiDurableReservation,
+	PiDurableOwnerFenceError,
+	type PiDurableReservation,
+	type PiDurableReservationObservation,
+	type PiDurableWrittenClaim,
+	reservePiDurableSession,
+	withdrawPiDurableReservation,
+} from "./pi-durable-owner-fence.ts";
 import {
 	type ClaudeCodeLaunchIdentity,
 	type LaunchIdentity,
-	type ResumeBackend,
 	ResumeBackendUnsupportedError,
 	resolveResumeLaunchIdentity,
 } from "./resume-launch-identity.ts";
@@ -125,7 +158,7 @@ export const RESUME_OBSERVE_INTERVAL_MS = 500;
  * `target-backend-unsupported` IS in here, and the line between it and those throws is worth
  * stating: asking to resume a Codex or agy citizen is not a defect at all. Nothing is corrupt, the
  * record is exactly right, and the operator has simply reached past a capability boundary — only
- * pi and Claude Code have a same-id resume. That deserves a named refusal a caller can act on, not
+ * pi, pi-durable and Claude Code have a same-id resume. That deserves a named refusal a caller can act on, not
  * an error report about a store that is fine. The four `target-receiver-*` reasons are the Claude
  * Code dormancy proof failing: nothing on disk proves the citizen is not running.
  */
@@ -143,9 +176,10 @@ export type VisibleResumeRejectReason =
 	| "target-address-conflict"
 	| "launch-refused";
 
-/** What the injected launcher gives back. Structural on purpose: naming mux's types here would
- * be the import this split exists to avoid. */
-export interface VisibleResumeLaunchHandle {
+/** What the injected launcher gives back. Structural on purpose: naming mux's or herdr's types here
+ * would be the import this split exists to avoid. `rail` says which one ran. */
+export interface VisibleResumeTmuxLaunchHandle {
+	rail: "tmux";
 	serverPid: string;
 	sessionId: string;
 	windowId: string;
@@ -156,16 +190,118 @@ export interface VisibleResumeLaunchHandle {
 	cwd: string;
 }
 
+/** The herdr rail's handle (#157 G1a): what herdr was ASKED to start, the requested directory, and
+ * herdr's VIEW coordinates. No tmux field is invented for it — it has no server pid, window or
+ * resolved runtime path, and the pane pid the Claude Code observation joins on does not exist here. */
+export interface VisibleResumeHerdrLaunchHandle {
+	rail: "herdr";
+	requestedKind: string;
+	cwd: string;
+	herdrAgentName: string;
+	herdrWorkspaceId: string;
+	herdrTabId: string;
+	herdrPaneId: string;
+	herdrTerminalId: string;
+}
+
+export type VisibleResumeLaunchHandle = VisibleResumeTmuxLaunchHandle | VisibleResumeHerdrLaunchHandle;
+
+/** #157 B3: the herdr rail's pi-durable resume — ONE layout.apply, so herdr's layout reply is the whole
+ * receipt: the launcher asked for, the requested directory and herdr's VIEW coordinates. No agent name
+ * and no terminal id exist for it, which is why it carries its own rail tag: a pi resume handed one
+ * fails loud rather than rendering fields it never had. */
+export interface VisibleResumeHerdrLayoutLaunchHandle {
+	rail: "herdr-layout";
+	runtime: string;
+	cwd: string;
+	herdrWorkspaceId: string;
+	herdrTabId: string;
+	herdrPaneId: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * #157 B3: the pi-durable adopt launch projection (L3-A1 §1) — EXACTLY five names: the SDK's own
+ * profile input carrying the reservation's raw profile, and the standard children of the
+ * reservation's ONE meta root. A fixed projection of those two coordinates, never an env dictionary.
+ */
+export interface PiDurableAdoptEnv {
+	PI_CODING_AGENT_DIR: string;
+	ENTWURF_META_SESSIONS_DIR: string;
+	ENTWURF_META_MAILBOX_DIR: string;
+	ENTWURF_META_SENDERS_DIR: string;
+	ENTWURF_META_RECEIVERS_DIR: string;
+}
+
+/** What the launch seam is asked to open. pi and Claude Code carry the record's argv only; a
+ * pi-durable adoption also carries its fixed projection, and nothing else can. */
+export type VisibleResumeLaunchInput =
+	| { backend: "pi" | "claude-code"; cwd: string; runtimeArgs: readonly string[] }
+	| { backend: "pi-durable"; cwd: string; runtimeArgs: readonly string[]; piDurableAdoptEnv: PiDurableAdoptEnv };
+
+/** A launch that failed AFTER it created something (on herdr: after the tab create). The vendor's
+ * own code when it gave one, what is out there now, and the created coordinates when the create reply
+ * was read. Recovery is structural for the same reason the handles are. Only the herdr rail can fail
+ * after a mutation today (tmux opens its window in one step), and `rail` says so rather than leaving
+ * the renderer to assume it: `herdr-layout` is the pi-durable rail's ONE layout.apply (#157 B3), whose
+ * classifier answers only none or unknown and which has no tab create step of its own. */
+export interface VisibleResumeLaunchFailure {
+	rail: "herdr" | "herdr-layout";
+	vendorCode?: string;
+	recovery:
+		| { outcome: "none" }
+		| { outcome: "unknown" }
+		| { outcome: "closed"; paneId: string; terminalId: string }
+		| { outcome: "orphan-unreclaimed"; paneId: string; reason: string };
+	created?: { herdrWorkspaceId: string; herdrTabId: string; herdrPaneId: string; herdrTerminalId: string };
+}
+
+/**
+ * #157 stage 4: the herdr rail's Claude Code resume — ONE layout.apply, then ONE `pane.process_info`
+ * read of the pane it created. `paneChild` is herdr's report of that pane's DIRECT child (a layout
+ * argv pane spawns its program with no shell between, measured S4-CC-A H1), the twin of tmux's pane
+ * pid: a join for the observation, never an address. `runtime` is the name herdr was asked to run —
+ * herdr resolved it, we did not. Its own rail tag, so neither other resume can read it as its own.
+ */
+export interface VisibleResumeHerdrClaudeLaunchHandle {
+	rail: "herdr-layout-claude";
+	runtime: string;
+	cwd: string;
+	herdrWorkspaceId: string;
+	herdrTabId: string;
+	herdrPaneId: string;
+	paneChild: { pid: string } | { unread: string };
+}
+
 export type VisibleResumeLaunchOutcome =
-	| { ok: true; handle: VisibleResumeLaunchHandle }
-	| { ok: false; reason: string; hint: string };
+	| {
+			ok: true;
+			handle: VisibleResumeLaunchHandle | VisibleResumeHerdrLayoutLaunchHandle | VisibleResumeHerdrClaudeLaunchHandle;
+	  }
+	/** Refused before anything was created. */
+	| { ok: false; reason: string; hint: string }
+	| { ok: false; reason: string; hint: string; failure: VisibleResumeLaunchFailure };
 
-/** Fact 1: tmux created a window and was asked to start the citizen's runtime there. `cwd` is the
- * REQUESTED start directory (what tmux was told), the same kind of fact as `runtimePath` — not an
- * observation of where the pane landed. */
+/** Fact 1: tmux created a window — or, inside herdr, herdr created a tab — and
+ * was asked to start the citizen's runtime there. `cwd` is the REQUESTED start directory (what the placement owner
+ * was told), the same kind of fact as `runtimePath` — not an observation of where the pane landed.
+ * The Claude Code receipt is tmux's window or herdr's layout tab: its observation joins that pane's
+ * direct child. */
 export type ResumeLaunchReceipt =
 	| { backend: "pi"; targetGardenId: string; sessionFile: string; handle: VisibleResumeLaunchHandle }
-	| { backend: "claude-code"; targetGardenId: string; nativeSessionId: string; handle: VisibleResumeLaunchHandle };
+	| {
+			backend: "claude-code";
+			targetGardenId: string;
+			nativeSessionId: string;
+			handle: VisibleResumeTmuxLaunchHandle | VisibleResumeHerdrClaudeLaunchHandle;
+	  }
+	/** #157 B3: the reservation is part of the launch fact — the window or tab was opened FOR it. */
+	| {
+			backend: "pi-durable";
+			targetGardenId: string;
+			cwd: string;
+			reservation: { generation: string; resource: string; ownerPid: number };
+			handle: VisibleResumeTmuxLaunchHandle | VisibleResumeHerdrLayoutLaunchHandle;
+	  };
 
 /** Fact 2: the citizen's control socket came back under the SAME garden id, or it did not. This
  * is the only fact in this module that says a citizen is back. */
@@ -183,7 +319,10 @@ export interface ResumeObservationReceipt {
 export type ReceiverObservationReceipt =
 	| { kind: "receiver-armed"; ownerPid: number; waitedMs: number }
 	| { kind: "resume-unobserved"; waitedMs: number }
-	| { kind: "record-unreadable"; cause: string; waitedMs: number };
+	| { kind: "record-unreadable"; cause: string; waitedMs: number }
+	/** #157 stage 4, herdr only: herdr did not report the created pane's direct child, so there was no
+	 * pid to join a marker to and no wait ran. The tab exists; nothing is closed. */
+	| { kind: "pane-process-unread"; cause: string; waitedMs: number };
 
 /** What the receiver marker under a garden id says, read raw and judged by the shared owner rule. */
 export type ReceiverInspection =
@@ -206,9 +345,29 @@ export type ReceiverInspection =
 			owner: MarkerOwnerVerdict;
 	  };
 
+/**
+ * Fact 2 for pi-durable (#157 B3): what the reservation's D claim says, read by ONE bounded operation.
+ * `adopted` is an adoption WRITE by some child (the claim carries this reservation's generation as its
+ * `adoptedFrom`), not readiness, liveness, an attach or a turn; `not-yet-adopted` is still this
+ * reservation when the wait ended; `reservation-lost` is any other claim the strict reader accepted;
+ * `unobserved` is a claim that could not be read, with its named cause — never folded into lost.
+ */
+export type PiDurableAdoptionObservationReceipt =
+	| { kind: "adopted"; waitedMs: number }
+	| { kind: "not-yet-adopted"; waitedMs: number }
+	| { kind: "reservation-lost"; waitedMs: number }
+	| { kind: "unobserved"; reason: string; detail: string; waitedMs: number };
+
 export type VisibleResumeResult =
-	| { ok: true; launch: ResumeLaunchReceipt; observation: ResumeObservationReceipt | ReceiverObservationReceipt }
-	| { ok: false; reason: VisibleResumeRejectReason; detail: string };
+	| {
+			ok: true;
+			launch: ResumeLaunchReceipt;
+			observation: ResumeObservationReceipt | ReceiverObservationReceipt | PiDurableAdoptionObservationReceipt;
+	  }
+	| { ok: false; reason: VisibleResumeRejectReason; detail: string }
+	/** The launch failed after it created something. Not a refusal: something may be open, so this is
+	 * never rendered as "No window was opened". No observation runs after it. */
+	| { ok: false; reason: "launch-failed"; detail: string; failure: VisibleResumeLaunchFailure };
 
 export interface VisibleResumeDeps {
 	acquireLock: (gardenId: string) => AcquireLockResult;
@@ -218,12 +377,16 @@ export interface VisibleResumeDeps {
 	probeSocket: (socketPath: string) => Promise<SocketLiveness>;
 	/** The Claude Code dormancy proof and observation read this; pi never does. */
 	inspectReceiver: (gardenId: string) => ReceiverInspection;
-	/** The ONLY way this module reaches tmux. The surface supplies it. */
-	launch: (input: {
-		backend: ResumeBackend;
-		cwd: string;
-		runtimeArgs: readonly string[];
-	}) => VisibleResumeLaunchOutcome;
+	/** The ONLY way this module reaches tmux or herdr. The surface supplies it; the herdr rail is
+	 * asynchronous (its CLI runner must not block the caller's event loop), so this is awaited. */
+	launch: (input: VisibleResumeLaunchInput) => VisibleResumeLaunchOutcome | Promise<VisibleResumeLaunchOutcome>;
+	/** #157 B3, pi-durable only: reserve D for one child, record-arm then S_D, both released before
+	 * this returns. The per-target lock this module holds stays the outer scope and is never retaken. */
+	reservePiDurable: (gardenId: string) => Promise<PiDurableReservation>;
+	/** Withdraw THIS process's own reservation, only once its launch is definitely none-created. */
+	withdrawPiDurable: (reservation: PiDurableReservation) => Promise<void>;
+	/** What the reservation's D claim says now: a read, never a watch. */
+	observePiDurable: (reservation: PiDurableReservation) => PiDurableReservationObservation;
 	sleep: (ms: number) => Promise<void>;
 	now: () => number;
 }
@@ -242,6 +405,20 @@ export function makeVisibleResumeDeps(
 		probeSocket: (socketPath) => probeSocketLiveness(socketPath),
 		inspectReceiver: (gid) => inspectReceiverMarker(gid),
 		launch,
+		// The four roots THIS process resolves now, handed to the reserve as given: a split shape is
+		// the reserve's own named refusal, never merged here.
+		reservePiDurable: (gid) =>
+			reservePiDurableSession({
+				gardenId: gid,
+				roots: {
+					sessionsDir: defaultMetaSessionsDir(),
+					mailboxDir: defaultMetaMailboxDir(),
+					sendersDir: defaultMetaSendersDir(),
+					receiversDir: defaultMetaReceiversDir(),
+				},
+			}),
+		withdrawPiDurable: (reservation) => withdrawPiDurableReservation(reservation),
+		observePiDurable: (reservation) => observePiDurableReservation(reservation),
 		sleep: (ms) => new Promise<void>((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms)),
 		now: () => Date.now(),
 		...overrides,
@@ -365,7 +542,7 @@ export async function visibleResume(targetGardenId: string, deps: VisibleResumeD
 					ok: false,
 					reason: err.reason,
 					detail:
-						`${targetGardenId} is a ${err.backend} citizen; only pi and Claude Code citizens can be reopened ` +
+						`${targetGardenId} is a ${err.backend} citizen; only pi, pi-durable and Claude Code citizens can be reopened ` +
 						`under the same garden id`,
 				};
 			}
@@ -373,6 +550,7 @@ export async function visibleResume(targetGardenId: string, deps: VisibleResumeD
 		}
 
 		if (identity.backend === "claude-code") return await resumeClaudeCode(targetGardenId, identity, deps);
+		if (identity.backend === "pi-durable") return await resumePiDurable(targetGardenId, deps);
 
 		// Liveness preflight, still under the lock. A live citizen is addressed with
 		// `entwurf_v2 fire-and-forget`, not reopened — and refusing here is also what stops two
@@ -411,9 +589,15 @@ export async function visibleResume(targetGardenId: string, deps: VisibleResumeD
 			provider: identity.provider,
 			model: identity.model,
 		});
-		const launched = deps.launch({ backend: "pi", cwd: identity.cwd, runtimeArgs });
-		if (!launched.ok) {
-			return { ok: false, reason: "launch-refused", detail: `${launched.reason} — ${launched.hint}` };
+		const launched = await deps.launch({ backend: "pi", cwd: identity.cwd, runtimeArgs });
+		if (!launched.ok) return launchNotLaunched(launched);
+		// Only a pi-durable launch carries a layout handle (#157 B3). Handed to a pi resume, it is a
+		// wiring defect, not an outcome: whatever was opened stays as it is and the lock is released.
+		if (launched.handle.rail === "herdr-layout" || launched.handle.rail === "herdr-layout-claude") {
+			throw new Error(
+				`entwurf-v2-visible-resume: the launcher handed a pi resume of ${targetGardenId} a ${launched.handle.rail} handle — ` +
+					`only a pi-durable or Claude Code resume launches through layout.apply. Nothing was observed or closed.`,
+			);
 		}
 
 		const observation = await observeSameGidSocket(targetGardenId, mapped.socketPath, deps);
@@ -427,6 +611,23 @@ export async function visibleResume(targetGardenId: string, deps: VisibleResumeD
 	}
 }
 
+/**
+ * A launch that did not become a launch, kept in its own shape. A refusal created nothing and is
+ * `launch-refused`. A failure that carries what it created (herdr: after the tab create) is
+ * `launch-failed`, with the vendor code, recovery and coordinates passed through untouched — folding
+ * it into a refusal is what would print "No window was opened" over a tab that may be on screen.
+ * Neither is retried, and neither is followed by an observation.
+ */
+function launchNotLaunched(
+	launched: Extract<VisibleResumeLaunchOutcome, { ok: false }>,
+	note = "",
+): VisibleResumeResult {
+	const detail = `${launched.reason} — ${launched.hint}${note}`;
+	return "failure" in launched
+		? { ok: false, reason: "launch-failed", detail, failure: launched.failure }
+		: { ok: false, reason: "launch-refused", detail };
+}
+
 /**
  * The Claude Code half, still under the caller's lock. Dormancy needs a DEAD owner verdict on the
  * receiver marker AND the binding: the record re-read AFTER that verdict must still name the same
@@ -522,33 +723,294 @@ async function resumeClaudeCode(
 		};
 	}
 
-	const launched = deps.launch({
+	const launched = await deps.launch({
 		backend: "claude-code",
 		cwd: current.cwd,
 		runtimeArgs: ["--resume", current.nativeSessionId],
 	});
-	if (!launched.ok) {
-		return { ok: false, reason: "launch-refused", detail: `${launched.reason} — ${launched.hint}` };
+	if (!launched.ok) return launchNotLaunched(launched);
+	// The observation below joins the receiver marker's owner to the pane's DIRECT child: tmux's pane
+	// pid, or herdr's process report for the layout pane (#157 stage 4). A handle of any other rail
+	// carries no such pid, so it is a wiring defect, not an outcome: it fails loud rather than watching
+	// for a pid that does not exist. Whatever that launcher opened is left as it is; the lock is still
+	// released.
+	const handle = launched.handle;
+	if (handle.rail !== "tmux" && handle.rail !== "herdr-layout-claude") {
+		throw new Error(
+			`entwurf-v2-visible-resume: the launcher handed a Claude Code resume of ${targetGardenId} a ${handle.rail} ` +
+				`handle — its observation joins the opened pane's direct child, which that rail does not carry. Nothing was ` +
+				`observed or closed.`,
+		);
+	}
+	const launch = { backend: "claude-code" as const, targetGardenId, nativeSessionId: current.nativeSessionId, handle };
+	// herdr did not name the new pane's direct child: there is nothing to join, so no wait runs. The tab
+	// is open; nothing is retried or closed.
+	if (handle.rail === "herdr-layout-claude" && "unread" in handle.paneChild) {
+		return {
+			ok: true,
+			launch,
+			observation: { kind: "pane-process-unread", cause: handle.paneChild.unread, waitedMs: 0 },
+		};
 	}
+	const panePid = handle.rail === "tmux" ? handle.panePid : (handle.paneChild as { pid: string }).pid;
 	const observation = await observeReceiverReattached(
 		targetGardenId,
 		current,
 		{ ownerPid: marker.ownerPid, ownerStartKey: marker.ownerStartKey, attachIncarnation: current.attachIncarnation },
-		launched.handle.panePid,
+		panePid,
 		deps,
 	);
+	return { ok: true, launch, observation };
+}
+
+/**
+ * #157 B3: the adopt launch for ONE reservation — the managed verb with its closed context
+ * `{v:1, gardenId, metaRoot, sourceGeneration}` (no session, cwd, profile, model, prompt, module,
+ * nonce or callback rides it), the reservation's cwd, and the fixed five-name projection of its raw
+ * profile and its meta root. Pure: it reads nothing and writes nothing.
+ */
+export function buildPiDurableAdoptLaunch(
+	reservation: Pick<PiDurableReservation, "gardenId" | "metaRoot" | "generation" | "profile" | "cwd">,
+): Extract<VisibleResumeLaunchInput, { backend: "pi-durable" }> {
+	const { metaRoot } = reservation;
+	const context = {
+		v: 1,
+		gardenId: reservation.gardenId,
+		metaRoot,
+		sourceGeneration: reservation.generation,
+	};
+	return {
+		backend: "pi-durable",
+		cwd: reservation.cwd,
+		runtimeArgs: ["pi-durable", "--entwurf-adopt", JSON.stringify(context)],
+		piDurableAdoptEnv: {
+			PI_CODING_AGENT_DIR: reservation.profile,
+			ENTWURF_META_SESSIONS_DIR: path.join(metaRoot, "meta-sessions"),
+			ENTWURF_META_MAILBOX_DIR: path.join(metaRoot, "meta-mailbox"),
+			ENTWURF_META_SENDERS_DIR: path.join(metaRoot, "meta-senders"),
+			ENTWURF_META_RECEIVERS_DIR: path.join(metaRoot, "meta-receivers"),
+		},
+	};
+}
+
+/**
+ * A reserve refusal this verb answers by name; every other fence refusal keeps its own cause. A live holder is not
+ * an address (S3 joint review D4): a reservation's parent is a bridge waiting for a child, which entwurf_v2 cannot
+ * reach, and any other live holder is a process this verb did not judge contact-ready — so neither answer tells the
+ * caller to send. The branch reads the refusal's structured holder state, never its message.
+ */
+function piDurableReserveRefusal(targetGardenId: string, err: PiDurableOwnerFenceError): VisibleResumeResult | null {
+	if (err.reason === "owner-live") {
+		if (err.holderState === "reserved") {
+			return {
+				ok: false,
+				reason: "target-live",
+				detail:
+					`${targetGardenId}'s pi-durable session is reserved for a child to adopt by a live process (${err.message}); ` +
+					`while that reservation stays unadopted under that live process a resume of ${targetGardenId} refuses on it; ` +
+					`nothing clears it automatically, a child that adopts it becomes its holder, and entwurf_v2 does not reach a reservation`,
+			};
+		}
+		return {
+			ok: false,
+			reason: "target-live",
+			detail:
+				`${targetGardenId}'s pi-durable session is held by a live process (${err.message}); if that process is the ` +
+				`running citizen, entwurf_v2 reaches it only through the rail its own dispatch decides`,
+		};
+	}
+	if (err.reason === "owner-uncertain" || err.reason === "owner-other-host") {
+		return {
+			ok: false,
+			reason: "target-indeterminate",
+			detail:
+				`the holder of ${targetGardenId}'s pi-durable session could not be proven gone on this host (${err.message}), ` +
+				`and resuming a session that is still open would put two processes on one transcript`,
+		};
+	}
+	return null;
+}
+
+const messageOf = (err: unknown): string => (err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err));
+
+/**
+ * A reserve whose write committed and whose lock release then failed (S3 joint review D3). It says only what that
+ * call wrote and what its holder implies; the release's own words say what it left. Nothing is withdrawn, retried
+ * or repaired here.
+ */
+function piDurableReservedThenFailed(
+	targetGardenId: string,
+	err: PiDurableOwnerFenceError,
+	written: PiDurableWrittenClaim,
+): string {
+	const residue =
+		err.reason === "tx-release-failed"
+			? `; if the transaction file that release named remains, that process ending does not remove it, and it fails closed until an operator removes it`
+			: "";
+	return (
+		`entwurf-v2-visible-resume: the reserve of ${targetGardenId} WROTE its reservation of ${written.resource} at ` +
+		`generation ${written.generation} for pid ${written.ownerPid}, then a lock release failed (${err.message}). ` +
+		`Nothing was launched and nothing withdrew that reservation: while it stays unadopted under live pid ` +
+		`${written.ownerPid}, a resume of ${targetGardenId} refuses, and nothing clears it automatically${residue}`
+	);
+}
+
+/**
+ * A withdrawal that failed (S3 joint review D1). Only what the failure itself records is stated: a write this call
+ * made, or a transaction file the release left; any other failure leaves the claim's state unestablished here.
+ */
+function piDurableWithdrawFailed(
+	targetGardenId: string,
+	held: string,
+	reservation: PiDurableReservation,
+	err: unknown,
+): string {
+	const residue = `if that transaction file remains, this process ending does not remove it, and it fails closed until an operator removes it`;
+	if (err instanceof PiDurableOwnerFenceError && err.written !== undefined) {
+		return (
+			` — this call wrote the withdrawal of ${held} (the claim back to the donor's ${err.written.state} row at ` +
+			`generation ${err.written.generation}), then releasing its transaction failed (${err.message}); ${residue}`
+		);
+	}
+	if (err instanceof PiDurableOwnerFenceError && err.reason === "tx-release-failed") {
+		return (
+			` — withdrawing ${held} FAILED at its transaction release (${err.message}); whether this call ` +
+			`wrote anything is not recorded, and ${residue}`
+		);
+	}
+	return (
+		` — withdrawing ${held} FAILED (${messageOf(err)}); what its claim holds now is not established here: while it ` +
+		`stays reserved, unadopted, under this live process (pid ${reservation.owner.pid}), a resume of ${targetGardenId} ` +
+		`refuses`
+	);
+}
+
+/**
+ * The pi-durable half (#157 B3), still under the caller's per-target lock, which stays the outer
+ * scope: the reserve takes record-arm then S_D itself and releases both before it returns, so before
+ * any launch. A reserve that refuses on eligibility writes nothing; a reserve whose lock release fails AFTER its
+ * write is named as such (its `written`), with the reservation it left. Neither opens anything.
+ *
+ * From the reservation on, this process holds D for one child, and what happens to that hold is
+ * decided by the launch outcome alone (L3-A1 §6), never by a guess:
+ *
+ *   no launch request was made                         definitely none created → withdraw
+ *   the seam refused (`ok:false`, no `failure`)        the seam's contract: refused before anything was
+ *                                                      created (tmux: one of its named reasons; herdr:
+ *                                                      decided before the layout write) → withdraw
+ *   a failure whose recovery is `none`                 that rail's own none-created certainty → withdraw
+ *   a failure whose recovery is anything else          something MAY exist → the reservation is KEPT
+ *   the launcher threw                                 unknown, whatever its position → KEPT
+ *   a launch                                           a child may adopt it → KEPT, then observed once
+ *
+ * A withdrawal that fails is reported with the refusal it followed and is never retried. A kept
+ * reservation is said so in the answer: it names this process as its holder, and while it stays unadopted
+ * under this live process a later resume of the same id refuses; nothing clears it automatically, and a
+ * child that adopts it becomes its holder.
+ */
+async function resumePiDurable(targetGardenId: string, deps: VisibleResumeDeps): Promise<VisibleResumeResult> {
+	let reservation: PiDurableReservation;
+	try {
+		reservation = await deps.reservePiDurable(targetGardenId);
+	} catch (err) {
+		if (err instanceof PiDurableOwnerFenceError) {
+			const refused = piDurableReserveRefusal(targetGardenId, err);
+			if (refused !== null) return refused;
+			// A release that failed after the reservation was WRITTEN (S3 joint review D3): the reservation exists,
+			// so the answer names it and what it blocks, beside the release's own cause; nothing launches or withdraws.
+			if (err.written !== undefined) throw new Error(piDurableReservedThenFailed(targetGardenId, err, err.written));
+		}
+		throw err;
+	}
+	const held = `${targetGardenId}'s reservation of ${reservation.resource} at generation ${reservation.generation}`;
+	const withdraw = async (): Promise<string> => {
+		try {
+			await deps.withdrawPiDurable(reservation);
+			return ` — ${held} was withdrawn, since nothing was created`;
+		} catch (err) {
+			return piDurableWithdrawFailed(targetGardenId, held, reservation, err);
+		}
+	};
+	const kept =
+		` — ${held} was KEPT, because something may exist that can still adopt it; it names this process ` +
+		`(pid ${reservation.owner.pid}) as its holder: while it stays unadopted under this live process a resume of ` +
+		`${targetGardenId} refuses, nothing clears it automatically, and a child that adopts it becomes its holder`;
+
+	let input: ReturnType<typeof buildPiDurableAdoptLaunch>;
+	try {
+		input = buildPiDurableAdoptLaunch(reservation);
+	} catch (err) {
+		throw new Error(`entwurf-v2-visible-resume: ${messageOf(err)}${await withdraw()}`);
+	}
+	let launched: VisibleResumeLaunchOutcome;
+	try {
+		launched = await deps.launch(input);
+	} catch (err) {
+		throw new Error(
+			`entwurf-v2-visible-resume: the pi-durable launch of ${targetGardenId} threw: ${messageOf(err)}${kept}`,
+		);
+	}
+	if (!launched.ok) {
+		const noneCreated = !("failure" in launched) || launched.failure.recovery.outcome === "none";
+		return launchNotLaunched(launched, noneCreated ? await withdraw() : kept);
+	}
+	// A herdr agent-start handle belongs to the pi rail only: a pi-durable resume launches through
+	// tmux or ONE layout.apply. Handed one, it is a wiring defect; what was opened stays as it is.
+	if (launched.handle.rail === "herdr" || launched.handle.rail === "herdr-layout-claude") {
+		throw new Error(
+			`entwurf-v2-visible-resume: the launcher handed a pi-durable resume of ${targetGardenId} a ` +
+				`${launched.handle.rail === "herdr" ? "herdr agent-start" : launched.handle.rail} handle — nothing was observed or closed${kept}`,
+		);
+	}
+	const observation = await observePiDurableAdoption(reservation, deps);
 	return {
 		ok: true,
 		launch: {
-			backend: "claude-code",
+			backend: "pi-durable",
 			targetGardenId,
-			nativeSessionId: current.nativeSessionId,
+			cwd: reservation.cwd,
+			reservation: {
+				generation: reservation.generation,
+				resource: reservation.resource,
+				ownerPid: reservation.owner.pid,
+			},
 			handle: launched.handle,
 		},
 		observation,
 	};
 }
 
+/**
+ * ONE bounded operation, the pi-durable twin of `observeSameGidSocket` (#157 B3): read the
+ * reservation's D claim until a child's adoption write carries its generation, the claim is lost or
+ * unreadable, or the same fixed wait ends. Every read is the fence's strict reader; nothing here
+ * writes, withdraws, retries or watches past the deadline. A read that throws past that reader stops
+ * the wait as `unobserved` with its cause: the window is open, and the launch receipt must survive.
+ */
+export async function observePiDurableAdoption(
+	reservation: PiDurableReservation,
+	deps: Pick<VisibleResumeDeps, "observePiDurable" | "sleep" | "now">,
+	timeoutMs: number = RESUME_OBSERVE_TIMEOUT_MS,
+	intervalMs: number = RESUME_OBSERVE_INTERVAL_MS,
+): Promise<PiDurableAdoptionObservationReceipt> {
+	const started = deps.now();
+	for (;;) {
+		let seen: PiDurableReservationObservation;
+		try {
+			seen = deps.observePiDurable(reservation);
+		} catch (err) {
+			return { kind: "unobserved", reason: "observe-threw", detail: messageOf(err), waitedMs: deps.now() - started };
+		}
+		if (seen.class === "adopted") return { kind: "adopted", waitedMs: deps.now() - started };
+		if (seen.class === "lost") return { kind: "reservation-lost", waitedMs: deps.now() - started };
+		if (seen.class === "unobserved") {
+			return { kind: "unobserved", reason: seen.reason, detail: seen.detail, waitedMs: deps.now() - started };
+		}
+		if (deps.now() - started >= timeoutMs) return { kind: "not-yet-adopted", waitedMs: deps.now() - started };
+		await deps.sleep(intervalMs);
+	}
+}
+
 /**
  * ONE bounded operation, the Claude Code twin of `observeSameGidSocket`: wait for a NEW live owner
  * — in the pane this call opened (`panePid`), a join, not an address — to re-arm this garden id's
@@ -633,24 +1095,22 @@ export async function observeSameGidSocket(
 	}
 }
 
+// The static record/liveness hint text is authored in root ENTWURF.json (#154 C1-C); the reasons,
+// this total table and the renderer stay here. acp-model-not-curated keeps the shared ACP constant,
+// and the launch-stage mux hints folded into `detail` stay behind the mux import fence.
 const REJECT_HINT: Record<VisibleResumeRejectReason, string> = {
-	"target-invalid": "no citizen has that id; discover targets with entwurf_peers",
-	"target-backend-unsupported":
-		"that citizen's backend has no same-id resume (only pi and Claude Code do) — reach it with entwurf_v2, or open a fresh sibling",
+	"target-invalid": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-invalid"],
+	"target-backend-unsupported": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-backend-unsupported"],
 	"acp-model-not-curated": ACP_MODEL_NOT_CURATED_HINT,
-	"target-locked": "another resume or dispatch holds this citizen's lock right now",
-	"target-live": "that citizen is already running — this verb only reopens dormant ones",
-	"target-indeterminate":
-		"the citizen could not be proven dormant (an inconclusive socket probe or receiver owner), so nothing was started",
-	"target-receiver-absent":
-		"a Claude Code citizen is proven dormant only by its receiver marker, and it has none — if its window is closed, reopen it yourself",
-	"target-receiver-corrupt": "the citizen's receiver marker cannot be read as a marker, so its owner cannot be judged",
-	"target-receiver-mismatch":
-		"the receiver marker under this garden id names another backend or native session than the record — look at the store before anything reopens",
-	"target-receiver-unbound":
-		"the dead receiver owner is not bound to the record's last arm (none observed, a later attach, or the record moved), so a Claude Code process may still hold the session — if its window is closed, reopen it yourself",
-	"target-address-conflict": "that citizen's control-socket path is corrupt",
-	"launch-refused": "tmux was never asked to open a window",
+	"target-locked": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-locked"],
+	"target-live": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-live"],
+	"target-indeterminate": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-indeterminate"],
+	"target-receiver-absent": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-receiver-absent"],
+	"target-receiver-corrupt": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-receiver-corrupt"],
+	"target-receiver-mismatch": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-receiver-mismatch"],
+	"target-receiver-unbound": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-receiver-unbound"],
+	"target-address-conflict": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["target-address-conflict"],
+	"launch-refused": ENTWURF_RESUME_REJECT_HINTS["launch-refused"],
 };
 
 /**
@@ -667,6 +1127,7 @@ export function renderVisibleResume(
 	attribution: { actor: string | null } = { actor: null },
 ): { text: string; isError: boolean } {
 	if (!result.ok) {
+		if (result.reason === "launch-failed") return renderLaunchFailed(result);
 		return {
 			text:
 				`entwurf_resume_call rejected: ${result.reason} — ${REJECT_HINT[result.reason]}. ` +
@@ -674,13 +1135,20 @@ export function renderVisibleResume(
 			isError: true,
 		};
 	}
-	const h = result.launch.handle;
 	// Who asked is recorded, and it is not authority: the verb decides from the target's record and
 	// live rail facts alone, whoever the caller is.
 	const actor =
 		attribution.actor === null
 			? `  actor:    unattributed (the caller has no record-backed garden identity)\n`
 			: `  actor:    ${attribution.actor} (record-backed caller; attribution, not authority)\n`;
+	// #157 B3: pi-durable has its own receipts (a reservation, an adoption), on either rail.
+	if (result.launch.backend === "pi-durable") {
+		return renderPiDurableResume(result.launch, result.observation as PiDurableAdoptionObservationReceipt, actor);
+	}
+	const h = result.launch.handle;
+	// The herdr rail has its own coordinates and its own words; the tmux text below stays as it was.
+	if (h.rail === "herdr") return renderHerdrPiResume(result, h, actor);
+	if (h.rail === "herdr-layout-claude") return renderHerdrClaudeResume(result, h, actor);
 	const window =
 		`  runtime:  ${h.runtimePath} (requested start cwd ${h.cwd})\n` +
 		`  window:   ${h.windowId} (index ${h.windowIndex}) in session ${h.sessionId}\n` +
@@ -734,3 +1202,206 @@ export function renderVisibleResume(
 		isError: false,
 	};
 }
+
+/**
+ * The pi-durable resume (#157 B3), on tmux or on herdr's one layout.apply. Three facts kept apart: the
+ * reservation this process holds, the LAUNCH that was asked to adopt it, and what the D claim said
+ * after one bounded read. `adopted` says a child wrote its adoption — not that it is ready, alive,
+ * attached, addressable or that anything was recalled; entwurf_peers is where its rail is read.
+ */
+function renderPiDurableResume(
+	launch: Extract<ResumeLaunchReceipt, { backend: "pi-durable" }>,
+	observation: PiDurableAdoptionObservationReceipt,
+	actor: string,
+): { text: string; isError: boolean } {
+	const h = launch.handle;
+	const place = h.rail === "tmux" ? "window" : "tab";
+	const where =
+		h.rail === "tmux"
+			? `  runtime:  ${h.runtimePath} pi-durable --entwurf-adopt (requested start cwd ${h.cwd})\n` +
+				`  window:   ${h.windowId} (index ${h.windowIndex}) in session ${h.sessionId}\n` +
+				`  pane:     ${h.paneId} pid ${h.panePid}\n`
+			: `  runtime:  ${h.runtime} pi-durable --entwurf-adopt (requested start cwd ${h.cwd})\n` +
+				`  tab:      ${h.herdrTabId} in workspace ${h.herdrWorkspaceId} — a NEW tab from ONE layout.apply, opened without taking focus\n` +
+				`  pane:     ${h.herdrPaneId} — herdr VIEW coordinates, not an address\n`;
+	const r = launch.reservation;
+	const heldBy = `this process (pid ${r.ownerPid})`;
+	const observed =
+		observation.kind === "adopted"
+			? `OBSERVATION receipt: adopted — after ${observation.waitedMs}ms the claim of ${r.resource} carries generation ` +
+				`${r.generation} as its adoptedFrom: a child process wrote its adoption of this reservation. That is not ` +
+				`readiness, liveness, an attach, a turn or a recall — entwurf_peers shows whether its rail answers. This ` +
+				`call submitted no prompt.`
+			: observation.kind === "not-yet-adopted"
+				? `OBSERVATION receipt: not-yet-adopted — after ${observation.waitedMs}ms the claim of ${r.resource} was still ` +
+					`this reservation. The ${place} is open and visible; read it directly. The reservation stays held by ` +
+					`${heldBy}: a child there can still adopt it and become its holder; while it stays unadopted under this live ` +
+					`process a resume of ${launch.targetGardenId} refuses, and nothing clears it automatically. Nothing was ` +
+					`retried, withdrawn or killed.`
+				: observation.kind === "reservation-lost"
+					? `OBSERVATION receipt: reservation-lost — after ${observation.waitedMs}ms the claim of ${r.resource} ` +
+						`names neither this reservation nor an adoption of it (another owner, a reclaim or a withdrawal ` +
+						`replaced it). The ${place} is open; read it directly. Nothing was retried or killed.`
+					: `OBSERVATION receipt: unobserved — the claim of ${r.resource} could not be read after ` +
+						`${observation.waitedMs}ms (${observation.reason}: ${observation.detail}). The ${place} is open and ` +
+						`visible; nothing was retried, withdrawn or killed.`;
+	return {
+		text:
+			`[entwurf resume call ↻${h.rail === "tmux" ? "" : " herdr"}]\n` +
+			`  target:   ${launch.targetGardenId}\n` +
+			`  backend:  pi-durable\n` +
+			`  reserved: ${r.resource} at generation ${r.generation}, held by ${heldBy} for one child to adopt\n` +
+			where +
+			actor +
+			`\n` +
+			`LAUNCH receipt: ${h.rail === "tmux" ? "tmux created that window" : "herdr created that tab"} and was asked to ` +
+			`start the managed entwurf pi-durable with the closed adopt context of the reservation above, its raw ` +
+			`profile as PI_CODING_AGENT_DIR and its meta root's four ENTWURF_META_*_DIR children as its launch env, ` +
+			`in the record's cwd.\n` +
+			observed,
+		isError: false,
+	};
+}
+
+/**
+ * The pi resume on the herdr rail (#157 G1a). Same two receipts, kept apart the same way; the
+ * coordinates are herdr's VIEW of a tab, and herdr's own readiness or session report is not consulted
+ * — the same-gid control socket is the observation on both rails.
+ */
+function renderHerdrPiResume(
+	result: Extract<VisibleResumeResult, { ok: true }>,
+	h: VisibleResumeHerdrLaunchHandle,
+	actor: string,
+): { text: string; isError: boolean } {
+	if (result.launch.backend !== "pi") {
+		throw new Error(
+			"entwurf-v2-visible-resume: a herdr launch handle arrived on a non-pi resume — only a pi resume renders through the herdr agent-start view",
+		);
+	}
+	const observation = result.observation as ResumeObservationReceipt;
+	const observed = observation.kind === "socket-alive";
+	return {
+		text:
+			`[entwurf resume call ↻ herdr]\n` +
+			`  target:   ${result.launch.targetGardenId}\n` +
+			`  session:  ${result.launch.sessionFile}\n` +
+			`  runtime:  requested kind ${h.requestedKind} — herdr resolves the executable, we did not (requested start cwd ${h.cwd})\n` +
+			`  tab:      ${h.herdrTabId} in workspace ${h.herdrWorkspaceId} — a NEW tab beside the caller's, opened without taking focus\n` +
+			`  pane:     ${h.herdrPaneId} terminal ${h.herdrTerminalId} — herdr VIEW coordinates, not an address\n` +
+			`  agent:    ${h.herdrAgentName} (herdr's name for this launch, random per call)\n` +
+			actor +
+			`\n` +
+			`LAUNCH receipt: herdr created that tab and was asked to start pi on the transcript above.\n` +
+			(observed
+				? `OBSERVATION receipt: the control socket for ${result.launch.targetGardenId} answered after ` +
+					`${observation.waitedMs}ms — that citizen is addressable again, and entwurf_v2 fire-and-forget ` +
+					`now reaches it. No turn was run by this call. herdr's own agent status was not consulted.`
+				: `OBSERVATION receipt: resume-unobserved — the control socket did not answer within ` +
+					`${observation.waitedMs}ms. The tab is open and visible; read it directly. The lock was ` +
+					`released, nothing was retried, and nothing was closed.`),
+		isError: false,
+	};
+}
+
+/**
+ * The Claude Code resume on the herdr rail (#157 stage 4). The same two receipts as on tmux, kept
+ * apart the same way. The tab and pane are herdr's VIEW; the pane's direct child is herdr's process
+ * report for the pane this call created — the pid the observation joins, never an address.
+ */
+function renderHerdrClaudeResume(
+	result: Extract<VisibleResumeResult, { ok: true }>,
+	h: VisibleResumeHerdrClaudeLaunchHandle,
+	actor: string,
+): { text: string; isError: boolean } {
+	if (result.launch.backend !== "claude-code") {
+		throw new Error("entwurf-v2-visible-resume: a herdr Claude Code launch handle arrived on a non-Claude Code resume");
+	}
+	const target = result.launch.targetGardenId;
+	const observation = result.observation as ReceiverObservationReceipt;
+	const child =
+		"pid" in h.paneChild
+			? `pid ${h.paneChild.pid} (herdr's process report for that pane; a join, not an address)`
+			: `unread — ${h.paneChild.unread}`;
+	const left =
+		"The tab is open and visible; read it directly. The lock was released, nothing was retried, and nothing was closed.";
+	return {
+		text:
+			`[entwurf resume call ↻ herdr]\n` +
+			`  target:   ${target}\n` +
+			`  backend:  claude-code\n` +
+			`  session:  ${result.launch.nativeSessionId}\n` +
+			`  runtime:  ${h.runtime} --resume — herdr resolved the executable, we did not (requested start cwd ${h.cwd})\n` +
+			`  tab:      ${h.herdrTabId} in workspace ${h.herdrWorkspaceId} — a NEW tab from ONE layout.apply, opened without taking focus\n` +
+			`  pane:     ${h.herdrPaneId} — herdr VIEW coordinates, not an address\n` +
+			`  child:    ${child}\n` +
+			actor +
+			`\n` +
+			`LAUNCH receipt: herdr created that tab and was asked to start claude --resume on the session above.\n` +
+			(observation.kind === "receiver-armed"
+				? `OBSERVATION receipt: receiver-armed — a NEW live Claude Code process, the direct child of the pane this ` +
+					`call opened (pid ${observation.ownerPid}), re-armed the receiver marker of ${target} for the same session ` +
+					`after ${observation.waitedMs}ms, with a fresh arm binding the record also carries (same createdAt). ` +
+					`entwurf_v2 fire-and-forget now reaches its mailbox. This call submitted no prompt; the runtime's own ` +
+					`activity after resume (e.g. a doorbell on unread mail) is unmeasured.`
+				: observation.kind === "pane-process-unread"
+					? `OBSERVATION receipt: pane-process-unread — herdr did not report the direct child of the pane this ` +
+						`call opened (${observation.cause}), so no receiver marker could be joined to it and no wait ran. ${left}`
+					: observation.kind === "record-unreadable"
+						? `OBSERVATION receipt: record-unreadable — the record of ${target} could not be read after ` +
+							`${observation.waitedMs}ms: ${observation.cause}. ${left}`
+						: `OBSERVATION receipt: resume-unobserved — no new live receiver marker from the direct child of the pane ` +
+							`this call opened, bound to the record, appeared within ${observation.waitedMs}ms. ${left}`),
+		isError: false,
+	};
+}
+
+/**
+ * A launch that failed after it created something. The header claims no more than the recovery
+ * knows — the fresh herdr rail learned that the hard way: `none` means herdr declined by name before
+ * making anything, `unknown` means no answer we can act on so a tab MAY exist, and anything else means
+ * the tab was created and the recovery says whether its pane was closed. No observation ran, so this
+ * says nothing about whether the citizen came back.
+ */
+function renderLaunchFailed(result: Extract<VisibleResumeResult, { reason: "launch-failed" }>): {
+	text: string;
+	isError: boolean;
+} {
+	const f = result.failure;
+	const tabHeader =
+		f.recovery.outcome === "none"
+			? "entwurf_resume_call failed at the herdr tab create step"
+			: f.recovery.outcome === "unknown"
+				? "entwurf_resume_call failed at the herdr tab create step with an UNKNOWN outcome"
+				: "entwurf_resume_call failed after the herdr tab was created";
+	// #157 B3: the pi-durable rail asks herdr for ONE layout.apply. Its classifier answers only none or
+	// unknown, so anything but none is UNKNOWN, and there is no tab create step to name.
+	const layout = f.rail === "herdr-layout";
+	const header = layout
+		? `entwurf_resume_call failed at the herdr layout.apply step${f.recovery.outcome === "none" ? "" : " with an UNKNOWN outcome"}`
+		: tabHeader;
+	const code = f.vendorCode === undefined ? "" : ` [herdr: ${f.vendorCode}]`;
+	const created =
+		f.created === undefined
+			? ""
+			: `  created:  tab ${f.created.herdrTabId} in workspace ${f.created.herdrWorkspaceId}, pane ${f.created.herdrPaneId} ` +
+				`terminal ${f.created.herdrTerminalId} — herdr VIEW coordinates, not an address\n`;
+	const recovery =
+		f.recovery.outcome === "none"
+			? layout
+				? "  recovery: none — the layout request was never written, or herdr declined it by name before making anything, so there is nothing to go look at\n"
+				: "  recovery: none — herdr declined by name before making anything, so there is nothing to go look at\n"
+			: f.recovery.outcome === "unknown"
+				? "  recovery: UNKNOWN — we never got an answer we can act on, so a tab MAY exist that this call cannot name. Nothing was closed; check herdr\n"
+				: f.recovery.outcome === "closed"
+					? `  recovery: closed ${f.recovery.paneId} (its terminal still matched the create receipt; the new tab went with it unless something else had joined it)\n`
+					: `  recovery: orphan-unreclaimed:${f.recovery.reason} (${f.recovery.paneId}) — this pane was NOT closed, on purpose\n`;
+	return {
+		text:
+			`${header}: ${result.detail}.${code}\n` +
+			created +
+			recovery +
+			`No observation was attempted, so this says nothing about whether the citizen came back — entwurf_peers ` +
+			`shows whether its ${layout ? "rail" : "control socket"} answers. The lock was released and nothing was retried.`,
+		isError: true,
+	};
+}