@jsenv/core 41.4.18 → 41.4.19

package/dist/build/build.js

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { jsenvPluginMinification } from "@jsenv/plugin-minification";
 import { jsenvPluginTranspilation, jsenvPluginJsModuleFallback } from "@jsenv/plugin-transpilation";
 import { memoryUsage } from "node:process";
 import { readFileSync, existsSync, realpathSync, readdirSync, lstatSync, statSync } from "node:fs";
-import { lookupPackageDirectory, urlIsOrIsInsideOf, registerDirectoryLifecycle, urlToRelativeUrl, createDetailedMessage, stringifyUrlSite, generateContentFrame, validateResponseIntegrity, ensureWindowsDriveLetter, setUrlFilename, moveUrl, getCallerPosition, urlToBasename, urlToExtension, asSpecifierWithoutSearch, asUrlWithoutSearch, injectQueryParamsIntoSpecifier, bufferToEtag, isFileSystemPath, urlToPathname, setUrlBasename, urlToFileSystemPath, writeFileSync, createLogger, URL_META, applyNodeEsmResolution, normalizeUrl, ANSI, RUNTIME_COMPAT, CONTENT_TYPE, readPackageAtOrNull, urlToFilename, DATA_URL, errorToHTML, normalizeImportMap, composeTwoImportMaps, resolveImport, JS_QUOTES, readCustomConditionsFromProcessArgs, collectFiles, readEntryStatSync, applyFileSystemMagicResolution, getExtensionsToTry, ensurePathnameTrailingSlash, compareFileUrls, setUrlExtension, isSpecifierForNodeBuiltin, injectQueryParams, renderDetails, humanizeDuration, humanizeFileSize, renderTable, renderBigSection, distributePercentages, humanizeMemory, comparePathnames, UNICODE, escapeRegexpSpecialChars, injectQueryParamIntoSpecifierWithoutEncoding, renderUrlOrRelativeUrlFilename, assertAndNormalizeDirectoryUrl, Abort, raceProcessTeardownEvents, startMonitoringCpuUsage, startMonitoringMemoryUsage, inferRuntimeCompatFromClosestPackage, browserDefaultRuntimeCompat, nodeDefaultRuntimeCompat, clearDirectorySync, createTaskLog, createLookupPackageDirectory, ensureEmptyDirectory, updateJsonFileSync, createDynamicLog } from "./jsenv_core_packages.js";
+import { lookupPackageDirectory, urlIsOrIsInsideOf, registerDirectoryLifecycle, urlToRelativeUrl, createDetailedMessage, stringifyUrlSite, generateContentFrame, validateResponseIntegrity, ensureWindowsDriveLetter, setUrlFilename, moveUrl, getCallerPosition, urlToBasename, urlToExtension, asSpecifierWithoutSearch, asUrlWithoutSearch, injectQueryParamsIntoSpecifier, bufferToEtag, isFileSystemPath, urlToPathname, setUrlBasename, urlToFileSystemPath, writeFileSync, createLogger, URL_META, applyNodeEsmResolution, normalizeUrl, ANSI, RUNTIME_COMPAT, CONTENT_TYPE, readPackageAtOrNull, urlToFilename, DATA_URL, errorToHTML, normalizeImportMap, composeTwoImportMaps, resolveImport, JS_QUOTES, readCustomConditionsFromProcessArgs, collectFiles, readEntryStatSync, applyFileSystemMagicResolution, getExtensionsToTry, ensurePathnameTrailingSlash, compareFileUrls, setUrlExtension, isSpecifierForNodeBuiltin, injectQueryParams, renderDetails, humanizeDuration, humanizeFileSize, renderTable, renderBigSection, distributePercentages, humanizeMemory, comparePathnames, UNICODE, escapeRegexpSpecialChars, injectQueryParamIntoSpecifierWithoutEncoding, renderUrlOrRelativeUrlFilename, assertAndNormalizeDirectoryUrl, Abort, raceProcessTeardownEvents, startMonitoringMemoryUsage, inferRuntimeCompatFromClosestPackage, browserDefaultRuntimeCompat, nodeDefaultRuntimeCompat, clearDirectorySync, createTaskLog, createLookupPackageDirectory, ensureEmptyDirectory, updateJsonFileSync, createDynamicLog } from "./jsenv_core_packages.js";
 import { pathToFileURL } from "node:url";
 import { generateSourcemapFileUrl, createMagicSource, composeTwoSourcemaps, generateSourcemapDataUrl, SOURCEMAP } from "@jsenv/sourcemap";
 import { createPluginsController } from "@jsenv/server/src/plugins_controller.js";
@@ -910,10 +910,9 @@ const prependJsClassicInJsClassic = (jsUrlInfo, urlInfoToPrepend) => {
   const magicSource = createMagicSource(jsUrlInfo.content);
   magicSource.prepend(`${urlInfoToPrepend.content}\n\n`);
   const magicResult = magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
-  const sourcemap = composeTwoSourcemaps(
-    jsUrlInfo.sourcemap,
-    magicResult.sourcemap,
-  );
+  const sourcemap = jsUrlInfo.context.sourcemapsEnabled
+    ? composeTwoSourcemaps(jsUrlInfo.sourcemap, magicResult.sourcemap)
+    : null;
   jsUrlInfo.mutateContent({
     content: magicResult.content,
     sourcemap,
@@ -931,6 +930,7 @@ const prependJsClassicInJsModule = async (jsUrlInfo, urlInfoToPrepend) => {
     input: jsUrlInfo.content,
     inputIsJsModule: true,
     inputUrl: jsUrlInfo.originalUrl,
+    options: { sourceMaps: jsUrlInfo.context.sourcemapsEnabled },
   });
   jsUrlInfo.mutateContent({
     content: code,
@@ -2920,7 +2920,6 @@ const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
       contentAst, // undefined most of the time
       contentEtag, // in practice always undefined
       contentLength,
-      sourcemap,
       sourcemapIsWrong,
       contentInjections,
     } = transformations;
@@ -2947,11 +2946,14 @@ const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
         contentLength,
       });
     }
-    if (
-      sourcemap &&
-      mayHaveSourcemap(urlInfo) &&
-      shouldHandleSourcemap(urlInfo)
-    ) {
+    // "sourcemap" is read last, and only when it will be used: a plugin can
+    // hand it back as a getter that generates the map on first read, so that
+    // nothing is generated for a kitchen that throws sourcemaps away
+    const sourcemap =
+      mayHaveSourcemap(urlInfo) && shouldHandleSourcemap(urlInfo)
+        ? transformations.sourcemap
+        : null;
+    if (sourcemap) {
       const sourcemapNormalized = normalizeSourcemap(urlInfo, sourcemap);
       let currentSourcemap = urlInfo.sourcemap;
       const finalSourcemap = composeTwoSourcemaps(
@@ -2984,6 +2986,14 @@ const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
     writeInsideOutDirectory(urlInfo);
   };
 
+  // Written synchronously on purpose, and measured: async is the tempting
+  // choice, but here it loses. A cold load cooks hundreds of files; their
+  // synchronous writes block the event loop ~160ms in total, while
+  // asynchronous writes queue in the threadpool behind tens of MB of content
+  // and sourcemaps, and a response that waits for its own write then waits
+  // ~36ms on average (18s summed over 500 responses). Not waiting is not an
+  // option either: the last write lands after the test that cooked it has
+  // ended, and the side-effect snapshots lose it.
   const writeInsideOutDirectory = (urlInfo) => {
     // writing result inside ".jsenv" directory (debug purposes)
     if (!outDirectoryUrl) {
@@ -3303,6 +3313,12 @@ const createKitchen = ({
       INJECTIONS,
       getPluginMeta: null,
       sourcemaps,
+      // a plugin producing a sourcemap can skip the work when it would be
+      // thrown away (see shouldHandleSourcemap in url_info_transformations.js)
+      sourcemapsEnabled:
+        sourcemaps === "inline" ||
+        sourcemaps === "file" ||
+        sourcemaps === "programmatic",
       outDirectoryUrl,
     },
     resolve: (specifier, importer = rootDirectoryUrl) => {
@@ -5772,8 +5788,7 @@ const parseAndTransformJsReferences = async (
   for (const sequentialAction of sequentialActions) {
     await sequentialAction();
   }
-  const { content, sourcemap } = magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
-  return { content, sourcemap };
+  return magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
 };
 
 const jsenvPluginReferenceExpectedTypes = () => {
@@ -8327,6 +8342,8 @@ const jsenvPluginImportMetaCss = () => {
             inputIsJsModule: true,
             inputUrl: urlInfo.originalUrl,
             outputUrl: urlInfo.generatedUrl,
+            // the map would be dropped: the content sent back carries none
+            options: { sourceMaps: false },
           });
           if (code === urlInfo.content) {
             // all assignments were already in array form (pre-built file) — nothing to do
@@ -10165,11 +10182,12 @@ const getCorePlugins = ({
   ];
 };
 
-const humanizeProcessCpuUsage = (ratio) => {
-  const percentageAsNumber = ratio * 100;
-  const percentageAsNumberRounded = Math.round(percentageAsNumber);
-  const percentage = `${percentageAsNumberRounded}%`;
-  return percentage;
+// a phase can be a few milliseconds long (refine, mostly): shown as such
+const humanizePhaseDuration = (ms) => {
+  if (ms < 1000) {
+    return `${Math.round(ms)}ms`;
+  }
+  return humanizeDuration(ms, { short: true });
 };
 const humanizeProcessMemoryUsage = (value) => {
   return humanizeMemory(value, { short: true, decimals: 0 });
@@ -10178,7 +10196,8 @@ const renderBuildDoneLog = ({
   entryPointArray,
   duration,
   buildFileContents,
-  processCpuUsage,
+  cpuUsage,
+  phaseTimings,
   processMemoryUsage,
 }) => {
   const buildContentReport = createBuildContentReport(buildFileContents);
@@ -10193,15 +10212,10 @@ const renderBuildDoneLog = ({
     title = `build done (${entryPointCount} entry points)`;
   }
 
-  // cpu usage
-  let cpuUsageLine = "cpu: ";
-  cpuUsageLine += `${humanizeProcessCpuUsage(processCpuUsage.end)}`;
-  cpuUsageLine += renderDetails({
-    med: humanizeProcessCpuUsage(processCpuUsage.median),
-    min: humanizeProcessCpuUsage(processCpuUsage.min),
-    max: humanizeProcessCpuUsage(processCpuUsage.max),
-  });
-  lines.push(cpuUsageLine);
+  // cpu: the process cpu time over the build duration, 100% being one core
+  // busy the whole time (more when a native module works on other threads)
+  const cpuMs = (cpuUsage.user + cpuUsage.system) / 1000;
+  lines.push(`cpu: ${Math.round((cpuMs / duration) * 100)}%`);
 
   // memory usage
   let memoryUsageLine = "memory: ";
@@ -10216,6 +10230,16 @@ const renderBuildDoneLog = ({
   // duration
   let durationLine = `duration: `;
   durationLine += humanizeDuration(duration, { short: true });
+  if (phaseTimings) {
+    durationLine += renderDetails(
+      Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.keys(phaseTimings).map((phaseName) => [
+          phaseName,
+          humanizePhaseDuration(phaseTimings[phaseName]),
+        ]),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
   lines.push(durationLine);
 
   // content
@@ -10406,6 +10430,8 @@ const createBuildContentReport = (buildFileContents) => {
 };
 
 const determineCategory = (buildRelativeUrl) => {
+  // a versioned url ("main.js?v=abc") is categorized by its file
+  buildRelativeUrl = buildRelativeUrl.replace(/[?#].*$/, "");
   if (buildRelativeUrl.endsWith(".map")) {
     return "sourcemap";
   }
@@ -11332,7 +11358,7 @@ const createBuildSpecifierManager = ({
           }
           if (mayUsePlaceholder(urlInfo)) {
             const contentBeforeReplace = urlInfo.content;
-            const { content, sourcemap } = placeholderAPI.replaceAll(
+            const replaceResult = placeholderAPI.replaceAll(
               contentBeforeReplace,
               (placeholder) => {
                 const reference = placeholderToReferenceMap.get(placeholder);
@@ -11340,7 +11366,7 @@ const createBuildSpecifierManager = ({
                 return value;
               },
             );
-            urlInfo.mutateContent({ content, sourcemap });
+            urlInfo.mutateContent(replaceResult);
           }
         },
       );
@@ -12581,13 +12607,12 @@ entryPoints: {
     });
   }
 
-  const cpuMonitoring = startMonitoringCpuUsage();
-  operation.addEndCallback(cpuMonitoring.stop);
-  const [processCpuUsageMonitoring] = cpuMonitoring;
+  // cpu is not sampled: cooking, rollup and terser hold the event loop for
+  // seconds at a time, a sampler only runs in the gaps and would report the
+  // idle time. What the build cost is process.cpuUsage() over its duration.
   const memoryMonitoring = startMonitoringMemoryUsage();
   const [processMemoryUsageMonitoring] = memoryMonitoring;
   const interval = setInterval(() => {
-    processCpuUsageMonitoring.measure();
     processMemoryUsageMonitoring.measure();
   }, 500).unref();
   operation.addEndCallback(() => {
@@ -12657,19 +12682,24 @@ entryPoints: {
     content += "\n";
     return content;
   };
-  const renderBuildEndLog = ({ duration, buildFileContents }) => {
+  const renderBuildEndLog = ({
+    duration,
+    buildFileContents,
+    cpuUsage,
+    phaseTimings,
+  }) => {
     // tell how many files are generated in build directory
     // tell the repartition?
     // this is not really useful for single build right?
 
-    processCpuUsageMonitoring.end();
     processMemoryUsageMonitoring.end();
 
     return renderBuildDoneLog({
       entryPointArray,
       duration,
       buildFileContents,
-      processCpuUsage: processCpuUsageMonitoring.info,
+      cpuUsage,
+      phaseTimings,
       processMemoryUsage: processMemoryUsageMonitoring.info,
     });
   };
@@ -12744,13 +12774,25 @@ entryPoints: {
             }, renderDynamicLog());
           };
         },
-        onBuildEnd: ({ buildFileContents, duration }) => {
+        onBuildEnd: ({
+          buildFileContents,
+          duration,
+          cpuUsage,
+          phaseTimings,
+        }) => {
           clearInterval(interval);
           dynamicLog.update("");
           dynamicLog.destroy();
           dynamicLog = null;
           logger.info("");
-          logger.info(renderBuildEndLog({ duration, buildFileContents }));
+          logger.info(
+            renderBuildEndLog({
+              duration,
+              buildFileContents,
+              cpuUsage,
+              phaseTimings,
+            }),
+          );
         },
       };
     };
@@ -12777,8 +12819,20 @@ entryPoints: {
             );
           };
         },
-        onBuildEnd: ({ buildFileContents, duration }) => {
-          logger.info(renderBuildEndLog({ duration, buildFileContents }));
+        onBuildEnd: ({
+          buildFileContents,
+          duration,
+          cpuUsage,
+          phaseTimings,
+        }) => {
+          logger.info(
+            renderBuildEndLog({
+              duration,
+              buildFileContents,
+              cpuUsage,
+              phaseTimings,
+            }),
+          );
         },
       };
     };
@@ -12827,6 +12881,7 @@ entryPoints: {
 
   const runBuild = async ({ signal }) => {
     const startDate = Date.now();
+    const cpuUsageAtStart = process.cpuUsage();
     const { onBuildEnd, onEntryPointBuildStart } = startBuildLogs();
 
     const buildUrlsGenerator = createBuildUrlsGenerator({
@@ -12935,6 +12990,7 @@ entryPoints: {
             entryBuildInfo.buildInlineContents = result.buildInlineContents;
             entryBuildInfo.buildManifest = result.buildManifest;
             entryBuildInfo.buildSideEffectFiles = result.buildSideEffectFiles;
+            entryBuildInfo.phaseTimings = result.phaseTimings;
             entryBuildInfo.duration = Date.now() - entryPointBuildStartMs;
             onEntryPointBuildEnd();
           })();
@@ -13039,11 +13095,19 @@ entryPoints: {
         }
       }
     }
+    // entry points are built concurrently, interleaved on the same thread:
+    // their phases overlap and only a single one can be told apart
+    const phaseTimings =
+      entryBuildInfoMap.size === 1
+        ? entryBuildInfoMap.values().next().value.phaseTimings
+        : null;
     onBuildEnd({
       buildFileContents,
       buildInlineContents,
       buildManifest,
       duration: Date.now() - startDate,
+      cpuUsage: process.cpuUsage(cpuUsageAtStart),
+      phaseTimings,
     });
     return {
       ...(returnBuildInlineContents ? { buildInlineContents } : {}),
@@ -13407,6 +13471,14 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
   return {
     entryReference,
     buildEntryPoint: async ({ getOtherEntryBuildInfo }) => {
+      const phaseTimings = {};
+      let phaseStartMs = Date.now();
+      const endPhase = (name) => {
+        const nowMs = Date.now();
+        phaseTimings[name] = nowMs - phaseStartMs;
+        phaseStartMs = nowMs;
+      };
+
       {
         _getOtherEntryBuildInfo = getOtherEntryBuildInfo;
         if (outDirectoryUrl) {
@@ -13414,6 +13486,7 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
         }
         await rawRootUrlInfo.cookDependencies({ operation: buildOperation });
       }
+      endPhase("craft");
 
       const finalKitchen = createKitchen({
         name: "shape",
@@ -13626,6 +13699,8 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
         }
       }
 
+      endPhase("bundle");
+
       {
         finalKitchen.context.buildStep = "shape";
         if (outDirectoryUrl) {
@@ -13645,6 +13720,8 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
         });
       }
 
+      endPhase("shape");
+
       const buildSideEffectFiles = [];
       {
         finalKitchen.context.buildStep = "refine";
@@ -13752,6 +13829,8 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
           }
         }
       }
+      endPhase("refine");
+
       const {
         buildFileContents,
         buildFileVersions,
@@ -13771,6 +13850,7 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
         buildInlineContents,
         buildManifest,
         buildSideEffectFiles,
+        phaseTimings,
       };
     },
   };

package/dist/build/jsenv_core_packages.js

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ import { extname } from "node:path";
 import { readFileSync as readFileSync$1, existsSync, readdir, chmod, stat, lstat, chmodSync, statSync, lstatSync, promises, readdirSync, openSync, closeSync, unlinkSync, rmdirSync, mkdirSync, writeFileSync as writeFileSync$1, unlink, rmdir, watch, realpathSync } from "node:fs";
 import crypto, { createHash } from "node:crypto";
 import { pathToFileURL, fileURLToPath } from "node:url";
-import { cpus, totalmem, freemem } from "node:os";
-import { cpuUsage, memoryUsage } from "node:process";
+import { totalmem, freemem } from "node:os";
+import { memoryUsage } from "node:process";
 import { stripVTControlCharacters } from "node:util";
 
 const createCallbackListNotifiedOnce = () => {
@@ -6548,174 +6548,6 @@ const getExtensionsToTry = (magicExtensions, importer) => {
   return Array.from(extensionsSet.values());
 };
 
-const startMeasuringTotalCpuUsage = () => {
-  let previousCpuArray = cpus();
-  let previousMs = Date.now();
-  let previousCpuUsage = cpuUsage();
-
-  const overall = {
-    inactive: 100,
-    active: 0,
-    system: 0,
-    user: 0,
-  };
-  const thisProcess = {
-    active: 0,
-    system: 0,
-    user: 0,
-  };
-  const details = previousCpuArray.map(() => {
-    return {
-      inactive: 100,
-      active: 0,
-      system: 0,
-      user: 0,
-    };
-  });
-
-  const samples = [];
-  const interval = setInterval(() => {
-    let cpuArray = cpus();
-    const ms = Date.now();
-    const ellapsedMs = ms - previousMs;
-    const cpuUsageSampleArray = [];
-    let overallSystemMs = 0;
-    let overallUserMs = 0;
-    let overallInactiveMs = 0;
-    let overallActiveMs = 0;
-    let overallMsEllapsed = 0;
-    let index = 0;
-    for (const cpu of cpuArray) {
-      const previousCpuTimes = previousCpuArray[index].times;
-      const cpuTimes = cpu.times;
-      const systemMs = cpuTimes.sys - previousCpuTimes.sys;
-      const userMs = cpuTimes.user - previousCpuTimes.user;
-      const activeMs = systemMs + userMs;
-      const inactiveMs = ellapsedMs - activeMs;
-      const cpuUsageSample = {
-        inactive: inactiveMs / ellapsedMs,
-        active: activeMs / ellapsedMs,
-        system: systemMs / ellapsedMs,
-        user: userMs / ellapsedMs,
-      };
-      cpuUsageSampleArray.push(cpuUsageSample);
-
-      overallSystemMs += systemMs;
-      overallUserMs += userMs;
-      overallInactiveMs += inactiveMs;
-      overallActiveMs += activeMs;
-      overallMsEllapsed += ellapsedMs;
-      index++;
-    }
-    const overallUsageSample = {
-      inactive: overallInactiveMs / overallMsEllapsed,
-      active: overallActiveMs / overallMsEllapsed,
-      system: overallSystemMs / overallMsEllapsed,
-      user: overallUserMs / overallMsEllapsed,
-    };
-    previousCpuArray = cpuArray;
-    previousMs = ms;
-
-    const processCpuUsage = cpuUsage();
-    const thisProcessSystemMs = Math.round(
-      (processCpuUsage.system - previousCpuUsage.system) / 1000,
-    );
-    const thisProcessUserMs = Math.round(
-      (processCpuUsage.user - previousCpuUsage.user) / 1000,
-    );
-    previousCpuUsage = processCpuUsage;
-
-    const thisProcessActiveMs = thisProcessSystemMs + thisProcessUserMs;
-    const thisProcessInactiveMs = overallMsEllapsed - thisProcessActiveMs;
-    const thisProcessSample = {
-      inactive: thisProcessInactiveMs / overallMsEllapsed,
-      active: thisProcessActiveMs / overallMsEllapsed,
-      system: thisProcessSystemMs / overallMsEllapsed,
-      user: thisProcessUserMs / overallMsEllapsed,
-    };
-    samples.push({
-      cpuUsageSampleArray,
-      overallUsageSample,
-      thisProcessSample,
-    });
-    if (samples.length === 10) {
-      {
-        let index = 0;
-        for (const detail of details) {
-          let systemSum = 0;
-          let userSum = 0;
-          let inactiveSum = 0;
-          let activeSum = 0;
-          for (const sample of samples) {
-            const { cpuUsageSampleArray } = sample;
-            const cpuUsageSample = cpuUsageSampleArray[index];
-            inactiveSum += cpuUsageSample.inactive;
-            activeSum += cpuUsageSample.active;
-            systemSum += cpuUsageSample.system;
-            userSum += cpuUsageSample.user;
-          }
-          Object.assign(detail, {
-            inactive: inactiveSum / samples.length,
-            active: activeSum / samples.length,
-            system: systemSum / samples.length,
-            user: userSum / samples.length,
-          });
-          index++;
-        }
-      }
-      {
-        let overallSystemSum = 0;
-        let overallUserSum = 0;
-        let overallInactiveSum = 0;
-        let overallActiveSum = 0;
-        for (const sample of samples) {
-          const { overallUsageSample } = sample;
-          overallSystemSum += overallUsageSample.system;
-          overallUserSum += overallUsageSample.user;
-          overallInactiveSum += overallUsageSample.inactive;
-          overallActiveSum += overallUsageSample.active;
-        }
-        Object.assign(overall, {
-          inactive: overallInactiveSum / samples.length,
-          active: overallActiveSum / samples.length,
-          system: overallSystemSum / samples.length,
-          user: overallUserSum / samples.length,
-        });
-      }
-      {
-        let thisProcessSystemSum = 0;
-        let thisProcessUserSum = 0;
-        let thisProcessInactiveSum = 0;
-        let thisProcessActiveSum = 0;
-        for (const sample of samples) {
-          const { thisProcessSample } = sample;
-          thisProcessSystemSum += thisProcessSample.system;
-          thisProcessUserSum += thisProcessSample.user;
-          thisProcessInactiveSum += thisProcessSample.inactive;
-          thisProcessActiveSum += thisProcessSample.active;
-        }
-        Object.assign(thisProcess, {
-          inactive: thisProcessInactiveSum / samples.length,
-          active: thisProcessActiveSum / samples.length,
-          system: thisProcessSystemSum / samples.length,
-          user: thisProcessUserSum / samples.length,
-        });
-      }
-      samples.length = 0;
-    }
-  }, 15);
-  interval.unref();
-
-  return {
-    overall,
-    thisProcess,
-    details,
-    stop: () => {
-      clearInterval(interval);
-    },
-  };
-};
-
 const startMonitoringMetric = (measure) => {
   const metrics = [];
   const takeMeasure = () => {
@@ -6761,22 +6593,6 @@ const medianFromSortedArray = (array) => {
   return medianNumber;
 };
 
-// https://gist.github.com/GaetanoPiazzolla/c40e1ebb9f709d091208e89baf9f4e00
-
-
-const startMonitoringCpuUsage = () => {
-  const cpuUsage = startMeasuringTotalCpuUsage();
-  const processCpuUsageMonitoring = startMonitoringMetric(() => {
-    return cpuUsage.thisProcess.active;
-  });
-  const osCpuUsageMonitoring = startMonitoringMetric(() => {
-    return cpuUsage.overall.active;
-  });
-  const result = [processCpuUsageMonitoring, osCpuUsageMonitoring];
-  result.stop = cpuUsage.stop;
-  return result;
-};
-
 const startMonitoringMemoryUsage = () => {
   const processMemoryUsageMonitoring = startMonitoringMetric(() => {
     return memoryUsage().rss;
@@ -11231,4 +11047,4 @@ const escapeRegexpSpecialChars = (string) => {
   });
 };
 
-export { ANSI, Abort, CONTENT_TYPE, DATA_URL, JS_QUOTES, RUNTIME_COMPAT, UNICODE, URL_META, applyFileSystemMagicResolution, applyNodeEsmResolution, asSpecifierWithoutSearch, asUrlWithoutSearch, assertAndNormalizeDirectoryUrl, browserDefaultRuntimeCompat, bufferToEtag, clearDirectorySync, collectFiles, compareFileUrls, comparePathnames, composeTwoImportMaps, createDetailedMessage$1 as createDetailedMessage, createDynamicLog, createLogger, createLookupPackageDirectory, createTaskLog, distributePercentages, ensureEmptyDirectory, ensurePathnameTrailingSlash, ensureWindowsDriveLetter, errorToHTML, escapeRegexpSpecialChars, generateContentFrame, getCallerPosition, getExtensionsToTry, humanizeDuration, humanizeFileSize, humanizeMemory, inferRuntimeCompatFromClosestPackage, injectQueryParamIntoSpecifierWithoutEncoding, injectQueryParams, injectQueryParamsIntoSpecifier, isFileSystemPath, isSpecifierForNodeBuiltin, lookupPackageDirectory, moveUrl, nodeDefaultRuntimeCompat, normalizeImportMap, normalizeUrl, raceProcessTeardownEvents, readCustomConditionsFromProcessArgs, readEntryStatSync, readPackageAtOrNull, registerDirectoryLifecycle, renderBigSection, renderDetails, renderTable, renderUrlOrRelativeUrlFilename, resolveImport, setUrlBasename, setUrlExtension, setUrlFilename, startMonitoringCpuUsage, startMonitoringMemoryUsage, stringifyUrlSite, updateJsonFileSync, urlIsOrIsInsideOf, urlToBasename, urlToExtension$1 as urlToExtension, urlToFileSystemPath, urlToFilename$1 as urlToFilename, urlToPathname$1 as urlToPathname, urlToRelativeUrl, validateResponseIntegrity, writeFileSync };
+export { ANSI, Abort, CONTENT_TYPE, DATA_URL, JS_QUOTES, RUNTIME_COMPAT, UNICODE, URL_META, applyFileSystemMagicResolution, applyNodeEsmResolution, asSpecifierWithoutSearch, asUrlWithoutSearch, assertAndNormalizeDirectoryUrl, browserDefaultRuntimeCompat, bufferToEtag, clearDirectorySync, collectFiles, compareFileUrls, comparePathnames, composeTwoImportMaps, createDetailedMessage$1 as createDetailedMessage, createDynamicLog, createLogger, createLookupPackageDirectory, createTaskLog, distributePercentages, ensureEmptyDirectory, ensurePathnameTrailingSlash, ensureWindowsDriveLetter, errorToHTML, escapeRegexpSpecialChars, generateContentFrame, getCallerPosition, getExtensionsToTry, humanizeDuration, humanizeFileSize, humanizeMemory, inferRuntimeCompatFromClosestPackage, injectQueryParamIntoSpecifierWithoutEncoding, injectQueryParams, injectQueryParamsIntoSpecifier, isFileSystemPath, isSpecifierForNodeBuiltin, lookupPackageDirectory, moveUrl, nodeDefaultRuntimeCompat, normalizeImportMap, normalizeUrl, raceProcessTeardownEvents, readCustomConditionsFromProcessArgs, readEntryStatSync, readPackageAtOrNull, registerDirectoryLifecycle, renderBigSection, renderDetails, renderTable, renderUrlOrRelativeUrlFilename, resolveImport, setUrlBasename, setUrlExtension, setUrlFilename, startMonitoringMemoryUsage, stringifyUrlSite, updateJsonFileSync, urlIsOrIsInsideOf, urlToBasename, urlToExtension$1 as urlToExtension, urlToFileSystemPath, urlToFilename$1 as urlToFilename, urlToPathname$1 as urlToPathname, urlToRelativeUrl, validateResponseIntegrity, writeFileSync };

package/dist/start_dev_server/start_dev_server.js

@@ -2467,8 +2467,7 @@ const parseAndTransformJsReferences = async (
   for (const sequentialAction of sequentialActions) {
     await sequentialAction();
   }
-  const { content, sourcemap } = magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
-  return { content, sourcemap };
+  return magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
 };
 
 const jsenvPluginReferenceExpectedTypes = () => {
@@ -6161,6 +6160,8 @@ const jsenvPluginImportMetaCss = () => {
             inputIsJsModule: true,
             inputUrl: urlInfo.originalUrl,
             outputUrl: urlInfo.generatedUrl,
+            // the map would be dropped: the content sent back carries none
+            options: { sourceMaps: false },
           });
           if (code === urlInfo.content) {
             // all assignments were already in array form (pre-built file) — nothing to do
@@ -8241,7 +8242,10 @@ const devServerPluginOmegaErrorHandler = () => {
               status: 403,
             };
           }
-          return convertFileSystemErrorToResponseProperties(error);
+          // the dev server runs with canExposeSensitiveData: file paths are welcome
+          return convertFileSystemErrorToResponseProperties(error, {
+            canExposeSensitiveData: true,
+          });
         };
         const response = getResponseForError();
         if (!response) {
@@ -8427,10 +8431,9 @@ const prependJsClassicInJsClassic = (jsUrlInfo, urlInfoToPrepend) => {
   const magicSource = createMagicSource(jsUrlInfo.content);
   magicSource.prepend(`${urlInfoToPrepend.content}\n\n`);
   const magicResult = magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
-  const sourcemap = composeTwoSourcemaps(
-    jsUrlInfo.sourcemap,
-    magicResult.sourcemap,
-  );
+  const sourcemap = jsUrlInfo.context.sourcemapsEnabled
+    ? composeTwoSourcemaps(jsUrlInfo.sourcemap, magicResult.sourcemap)
+    : null;
   jsUrlInfo.mutateContent({
     content: magicResult.content,
     sourcemap,
@@ -8448,6 +8451,7 @@ const prependJsClassicInJsModule = async (jsUrlInfo, urlInfoToPrepend) => {
     input: jsUrlInfo.content,
     inputIsJsModule: true,
     inputUrl: jsUrlInfo.originalUrl,
+    options: { sourceMaps: jsUrlInfo.context.sourcemapsEnabled },
   });
   jsUrlInfo.mutateContent({
     content: code,
@@ -10172,7 +10176,6 @@ const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
       contentAst, // undefined most of the time
       contentEtag, // in practice always undefined
       contentLength,
-      sourcemap,
       sourcemapIsWrong,
       contentInjections,
     } = transformations;
@@ -10199,11 +10202,14 @@ const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
         contentLength,
       });
     }
-    if (
-      sourcemap &&
-      mayHaveSourcemap(urlInfo) &&
-      shouldHandleSourcemap(urlInfo)
-    ) {
+    // "sourcemap" is read last, and only when it will be used: a plugin can
+    // hand it back as a getter that generates the map on first read, so that
+    // nothing is generated for a kitchen that throws sourcemaps away
+    const sourcemap =
+      mayHaveSourcemap(urlInfo) && shouldHandleSourcemap(urlInfo)
+        ? transformations.sourcemap
+        : null;
+    if (sourcemap) {
       const sourcemapNormalized = normalizeSourcemap(urlInfo, sourcemap);
       let currentSourcemap = urlInfo.sourcemap;
       const finalSourcemap = composeTwoSourcemaps(
@@ -10236,6 +10242,14 @@ const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
     writeInsideOutDirectory(urlInfo);
   };
 
+  // Written synchronously on purpose, and measured: async is the tempting
+  // choice, but here it loses. A cold load cooks hundreds of files; their
+  // synchronous writes block the event loop ~160ms in total, while
+  // asynchronous writes queue in the threadpool behind tens of MB of content
+  // and sourcemaps, and a response that waits for its own write then waits
+  // ~36ms on average (18s summed over 500 responses). Not waiting is not an
+  // option either: the last write lands after the test that cooked it has
+  // ended, and the side-effect snapshots lose it.
   const writeInsideOutDirectory = (urlInfo) => {
     // writing result inside ".jsenv" directory (debug purposes)
     if (!outDirectoryUrl) {
@@ -10555,6 +10569,12 @@ const createKitchen = ({
       INJECTIONS,
       getPluginMeta: null,
       sourcemaps,
+      // a plugin producing a sourcemap can skip the work when it would be
+      // thrown away (see shouldHandleSourcemap in url_info_transformations.js)
+      sourcemapsEnabled:
+        sourcemaps === "inline" ||
+        sourcemaps === "file" ||
+        sourcemaps === "programmatic",
       outDirectoryUrl,
     },
     resolve: (specifier, importer = rootDirectoryUrl) => {

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@jsenv/core",
-  "version": "41.4.18",
+  "version": "41.4.19",
   "type": "module",
   "description": "Tool to develop, test and build js projects",
   "repository": {
@@ -74,11 +74,11 @@
   "dependencies": {
     "@jsenv/ast": "6.9.2",
     "@jsenv/js-module-fallback": "1.5.1",
-    "@jsenv/plugin-bundling": "2.10.17",
-    "@jsenv/plugin-minification": "1.7.9",
+    "@jsenv/plugin-bundling": "2.10.18",
+    "@jsenv/plugin-minification": "1.7.10",
     "@jsenv/plugin-supervisor": "1.8.13",
     "@jsenv/plugin-transpilation": "1.6.1",
-    "@jsenv/server": "17.6.1",
+    "@jsenv/server": "17.6.2",
     "@jsenv/sourcemap": "1.4.2",
     "react-table": "7.8.0"
   },

package/src/build/build.js

@@ -38,10 +38,7 @@ import {
   UNICODE,
 } from "@jsenv/humanize";
 import { applyNodeEsmResolution } from "@jsenv/node-esm-resolution";
-import {
-  startMonitoringCpuUsage,
-  startMonitoringMemoryUsage,
-} from "@jsenv/os-metrics";
+import { startMonitoringMemoryUsage } from "@jsenv/os-metrics";
 import { jsenvPluginBundling } from "@jsenv/plugin-bundling";
 import { jsenvPluginMinification } from "@jsenv/plugin-minification";
 import { jsenvPluginJsModuleFallback } from "@jsenv/plugin-transpilation";
@@ -395,13 +392,12 @@ entryPoints: {
     });
   }
 
-  const cpuMonitoring = startMonitoringCpuUsage();
-  operation.addEndCallback(cpuMonitoring.stop);
-  const [processCpuUsageMonitoring] = cpuMonitoring;
+  // cpu is not sampled: cooking, rollup and terser hold the event loop for
+  // seconds at a time, a sampler only runs in the gaps and would report the
+  // idle time. What the build cost is process.cpuUsage() over its duration.
   const memoryMonitoring = startMonitoringMemoryUsage();
   const [processMemoryUsageMonitoring] = memoryMonitoring;
   const interval = setInterval(() => {
-    processCpuUsageMonitoring.measure();
     processMemoryUsageMonitoring.measure();
   }, 500).unref();
   operation.addEndCallback(() => {
@@ -471,19 +467,24 @@ entryPoints: {
     content += "\n";
     return content;
   };
-  const renderBuildEndLog = ({ duration, buildFileContents }) => {
+  const renderBuildEndLog = ({
+    duration,
+    buildFileContents,
+    cpuUsage,
+    phaseTimings,
+  }) => {
     // tell how many files are generated in build directory
     // tell the repartition?
     // this is not really useful for single build right?
 
-    processCpuUsageMonitoring.end();
     processMemoryUsageMonitoring.end();
 
     return renderBuildDoneLog({
       entryPointArray,
       duration,
       buildFileContents,
-      processCpuUsage: processCpuUsageMonitoring.info,
+      cpuUsage,
+      phaseTimings,
       processMemoryUsage: processMemoryUsageMonitoring.info,
     });
   };
@@ -558,13 +559,25 @@ entryPoints: {
             }, renderDynamicLog());
           };
         },
-        onBuildEnd: ({ buildFileContents, duration }) => {
+        onBuildEnd: ({
+          buildFileContents,
+          duration,
+          cpuUsage,
+          phaseTimings,
+        }) => {
           clearInterval(interval);
           dynamicLog.update("");
           dynamicLog.destroy();
           dynamicLog = null;
           logger.info("");
-          logger.info(renderBuildEndLog({ duration, buildFileContents }));
+          logger.info(
+            renderBuildEndLog({
+              duration,
+              buildFileContents,
+              cpuUsage,
+              phaseTimings,
+            }),
+          );
         },
       };
     };
@@ -591,8 +604,20 @@ entryPoints: {
             );
           };
         },
-        onBuildEnd: ({ buildFileContents, duration }) => {
-          logger.info(renderBuildEndLog({ duration, buildFileContents }));
+        onBuildEnd: ({
+          buildFileContents,
+          duration,
+          cpuUsage,
+          phaseTimings,
+        }) => {
+          logger.info(
+            renderBuildEndLog({
+              duration,
+              buildFileContents,
+              cpuUsage,
+              phaseTimings,
+            }),
+          );
         },
       };
     };
@@ -642,6 +667,7 @@ entryPoints: {
 
   const runBuild = async ({ signal }) => {
     const startDate = Date.now();
+    const cpuUsageAtStart = process.cpuUsage();
     const { onBuildEnd, onEntryPointBuildStart } = startBuildLogs();
 
     const buildUrlsGenerator = createBuildUrlsGenerator({
@@ -750,6 +776,7 @@ entryPoints: {
             entryBuildInfo.buildInlineContents = result.buildInlineContents;
             entryBuildInfo.buildManifest = result.buildManifest;
             entryBuildInfo.buildSideEffectFiles = result.buildSideEffectFiles;
+            entryBuildInfo.phaseTimings = result.phaseTimings;
             entryBuildInfo.duration = Date.now() - entryPointBuildStartMs;
             onEntryPointBuildEnd();
           })();
@@ -854,11 +881,19 @@ entryPoints: {
         }
       }
     }
+    // entry points are built concurrently, interleaved on the same thread:
+    // their phases overlap and only a single one can be told apart
+    const phaseTimings =
+      entryBuildInfoMap.size === 1
+        ? entryBuildInfoMap.values().next().value.phaseTimings
+        : null;
     onBuildEnd({
       buildFileContents,
       buildInlineContents,
       buildManifest,
       duration: Date.now() - startDate,
+      cpuUsage: process.cpuUsage(cpuUsageAtStart),
+      phaseTimings,
     });
     return {
       ...(returnBuildInlineContents ? { buildInlineContents } : {}),
@@ -1222,6 +1257,14 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
   return {
     entryReference,
     buildEntryPoint: async ({ getOtherEntryBuildInfo }) => {
+      const phaseTimings = {};
+      let phaseStartMs = Date.now();
+      const endPhase = (name) => {
+        const nowMs = Date.now();
+        phaseTimings[name] = nowMs - phaseStartMs;
+        phaseStartMs = nowMs;
+      };
+
       craft: {
         _getOtherEntryBuildInfo = getOtherEntryBuildInfo;
         if (outDirectoryUrl) {
@@ -1229,6 +1272,7 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
         }
         await rawRootUrlInfo.cookDependencies({ operation: buildOperation });
       }
+      endPhase("craft");
 
       const finalKitchen = createKitchen({
         name: "shape",
@@ -1443,6 +1487,8 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
         }
       }
 
+      endPhase("bundle");
+
       shape: {
         finalKitchen.context.buildStep = "shape";
         if (outDirectoryUrl) {
@@ -1462,6 +1508,8 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
         });
       }
 
+      endPhase("shape");
+
       const buildSideEffectFiles = [];
       refine: {
         finalKitchen.context.buildStep = "refine";
@@ -1569,6 +1617,8 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
           }
         }
       }
+      endPhase("refine");
+
       const {
         buildFileContents,
         buildFileVersions,
@@ -1588,6 +1638,7 @@ const prepareEntryPointBuild = async (
         buildInlineContents,
         buildManifest,
         buildSideEffectFiles,
+        phaseTimings,
       };
     },
   };

package/src/build/build_content_report.js

@@ -19,11 +19,12 @@ ${createRepartitionMessage(buildContentReport, { indent })}
 --------------------`;
 };
 
-const humanizeProcessCpuUsage = (ratio) => {
-  const percentageAsNumber = ratio * 100;
-  const percentageAsNumberRounded = Math.round(percentageAsNumber);
-  const percentage = `${percentageAsNumberRounded}%`;
-  return percentage;
+// a phase can be a few milliseconds long (refine, mostly): shown as such
+const humanizePhaseDuration = (ms) => {
+  if (ms < 1000) {
+    return `${Math.round(ms)}ms`;
+  }
+  return humanizeDuration(ms, { short: true });
 };
 const humanizeProcessMemoryUsage = (value) => {
   return humanizeMemory(value, { short: true, decimals: 0 });
@@ -32,7 +33,8 @@ export const renderBuildDoneLog = ({
   entryPointArray,
   duration,
   buildFileContents,
-  processCpuUsage,
+  cpuUsage,
+  phaseTimings,
   processMemoryUsage,
 }) => {
   const buildContentReport = createBuildContentReport(buildFileContents);
@@ -47,15 +49,10 @@ export const renderBuildDoneLog = ({
     title = `build done (${entryPointCount} entry points)`;
   }
 
-  // cpu usage
-  let cpuUsageLine = "cpu: ";
-  cpuUsageLine += `${humanizeProcessCpuUsage(processCpuUsage.end)}`;
-  cpuUsageLine += renderDetails({
-    med: humanizeProcessCpuUsage(processCpuUsage.median),
-    min: humanizeProcessCpuUsage(processCpuUsage.min),
-    max: humanizeProcessCpuUsage(processCpuUsage.max),
-  });
-  lines.push(cpuUsageLine);
+  // cpu: the process cpu time over the build duration, 100% being one core
+  // busy the whole time (more when a native module works on other threads)
+  const cpuMs = (cpuUsage.user + cpuUsage.system) / 1000;
+  lines.push(`cpu: ${Math.round((cpuMs / duration) * 100)}%`);
 
   // memory usage
   let memoryUsageLine = "memory: ";
@@ -70,6 +67,16 @@ export const renderBuildDoneLog = ({
   // duration
   let durationLine = `duration: `;
   durationLine += humanizeDuration(duration, { short: true });
+  if (phaseTimings) {
+    durationLine += renderDetails(
+      Object.fromEntries(
+        Object.keys(phaseTimings).map((phaseName) => [
+          phaseName,
+          humanizePhaseDuration(phaseTimings[phaseName]),
+        ]),
+      ),
+    );
+  }
   lines.push(durationLine);
 
   // content
@@ -269,6 +276,8 @@ const createBuildContentReport = (buildFileContents) => {
 };
 
 const determineCategory = (buildRelativeUrl) => {
+  // a versioned url ("main.js?v=abc") is categorized by its file
+  buildRelativeUrl = buildRelativeUrl.replace(/[?#].*$/, "");
   if (buildRelativeUrl.endsWith(".map")) {
     return "sourcemap";
   }

package/src/build/build_specifier_manager.js

@@ -801,7 +801,7 @@ export const createBuildSpecifierManager = ({
           }
           if (mayUsePlaceholder(urlInfo)) {
             const contentBeforeReplace = urlInfo.content;
-            const { content, sourcemap } = placeholderAPI.replaceAll(
+            const replaceResult = placeholderAPI.replaceAll(
               contentBeforeReplace,
               (placeholder) => {
                 const reference = placeholderToReferenceMap.get(placeholder);
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ export const createBuildSpecifierManager = ({
                 return value;
               },
             );
-            urlInfo.mutateContent({ content, sourcemap });
+            urlInfo.mutateContent(replaceResult);
           }
         },
       );

package/src/dev/dev_server_plugins/dev_server_plugin_omega_error_handler.js

@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@ export const devServerPluginOmegaErrorHandler = () => {
               status: 403,
             };
           }
-          return convertFileSystemErrorToResponseProperties(error);
+          // the dev server runs with canExposeSensitiveData: file paths are welcome
+          return convertFileSystemErrorToResponseProperties(error, {
+            canExposeSensitiveData: true,
+          });
         };
         const response = getResponseForError();
         if (!response) {

package/src/kitchen/kitchen.js

@@ -118,6 +118,12 @@ export const createKitchen = ({
       INJECTIONS,
       getPluginMeta: null,
       sourcemaps,
+      // a plugin producing a sourcemap can skip the work when it would be
+      // thrown away (see shouldHandleSourcemap in url_info_transformations.js)
+      sourcemapsEnabled:
+        sourcemaps === "inline" ||
+        sourcemaps === "file" ||
+        sourcemaps === "programmatic",
       outDirectoryUrl,
     },
     resolve: (specifier, importer = rootDirectoryUrl) => {

package/src/kitchen/prepend_content.js

@@ -67,10 +67,9 @@ const prependJsClassicInJsClassic = (jsUrlInfo, urlInfoToPrepend) => {
   const magicSource = createMagicSource(jsUrlInfo.content);
   magicSource.prepend(`${urlInfoToPrepend.content}\n\n`);
   const magicResult = magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
-  const sourcemap = composeTwoSourcemaps(
-    jsUrlInfo.sourcemap,
-    magicResult.sourcemap,
-  );
+  const sourcemap = jsUrlInfo.context.sourcemapsEnabled
+    ? composeTwoSourcemaps(jsUrlInfo.sourcemap, magicResult.sourcemap)
+    : null;
   jsUrlInfo.mutateContent({
     content: magicResult.content,
     sourcemap,
@@ -88,6 +87,7 @@ const prependJsClassicInJsModule = async (jsUrlInfo, urlInfoToPrepend) => {
     input: jsUrlInfo.content,
     inputIsJsModule: true,
     inputUrl: jsUrlInfo.originalUrl,
+    options: { sourceMaps: jsUrlInfo.context.sourcemapsEnabled },
   });
   jsUrlInfo.mutateContent({
     content: code,

package/src/kitchen/url_graph/url_info_transformations.js

@@ -199,7 +199,6 @@ export const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
       contentAst, // undefined most of the time
       contentEtag, // in practice always undefined
       contentLength,
-      sourcemap,
       sourcemapIsWrong,
       contentInjections,
     } = transformations;
@@ -226,11 +225,14 @@ export const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
         contentLength,
       });
     }
-    if (
-      sourcemap &&
-      mayHaveSourcemap(urlInfo) &&
-      shouldHandleSourcemap(urlInfo)
-    ) {
+    // "sourcemap" is read last, and only when it will be used: a plugin can
+    // hand it back as a getter that generates the map on first read, so that
+    // nothing is generated for a kitchen that throws sourcemaps away
+    const sourcemap =
+      mayHaveSourcemap(urlInfo) && shouldHandleSourcemap(urlInfo)
+        ? transformations.sourcemap
+        : null;
+    if (sourcemap) {
       const sourcemapNormalized = normalizeSourcemap(urlInfo, sourcemap);
       let currentSourcemap = urlInfo.sourcemap;
       const finalSourcemap = composeTwoSourcemaps(
@@ -263,6 +265,14 @@ export const createUrlInfoTransformer = ({
     writeInsideOutDirectory(urlInfo);
   };
 
+  // Written synchronously on purpose, and measured: async is the tempting
+  // choice, but here it loses. A cold load cooks hundreds of files; their
+  // synchronous writes block the event loop ~160ms in total, while
+  // asynchronous writes queue in the threadpool behind tens of MB of content
+  // and sourcemaps, and a response that waits for its own write then waits
+  // ~36ms on average (18s summed over 500 responses). Not waiting is not an
+  // option either: the last write lands after the test that cooked it has
+  // ended, and the side-effect snapshots lose it.
   const writeInsideOutDirectory = (urlInfo) => {
     // writing result inside ".jsenv" directory (debug purposes)
     if (!outDirectoryUrl) {

package/src/plugins/import_meta_css/jsenv_plugin_import_meta_css.js

@@ -75,6 +75,8 @@ export const jsenvPluginImportMetaCss = () => {
             inputIsJsModule: true,
             inputUrl: urlInfo.originalUrl,
             outputUrl: urlInfo.generatedUrl,
+            // the map would be dropped: the content sent back carries none
+            options: { sourceMaps: false },
           });
           if (code === urlInfo.content) {
             // all assignments were already in array form (pre-built file) — nothing to do

package/src/plugins/reference_analysis/js/jsenv_plugin_js_reference_analysis.js

@@ -190,6 +190,5 @@ const parseAndTransformJsReferences = async (
   for (const sequentialAction of sequentialActions) {
     await sequentialAction();
   }
-  const { content, sourcemap } = magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
-  return { content, sourcemap };
+  return magicSource.toContentAndSourcemap();
 };