@jjlmoya/utils-science 1.43.0 → 1.44.0

package/src/tool/black-hole-event-horizon-simulator/i18n/zh.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+import { bibliography } from '../bibliography';
+import type { ToolLocaleContent } from '../../../types';
+
+const slug = 'black-hole-event-horizon-simulator';
+const title = '黑洞事件视界模拟器：施瓦西半径、光子球与时间膨胀';
+const description = '通过交互式的质量、轨道距离、时间膨胀、光子球、逃逸速度和施瓦西半径计算，探索黑洞的事件视界。';
+
+const howTo = [
+  {
+    name: '选择黑洞质量',
+    text: '移动质量滑块，从恒星质量黑洞到超大质量黑洞，实时观察施瓦西半径的变化。',
+  },
+  {
+    name: '将探测器移至视界附近',
+    text: '以施瓦西半径为单位设置距离，比较安全的外部轨道、光子球区域以及事件视界的边缘。',
+  },
+  {
+    name: '检查相对论效应',
+    text: '观察逃逸速度、引力时间膨胀、红移和轨道周期，了解在视界附近直觉为何失效。',
+  },
+  {
+    name: '比较关键半径',
+    text: '利用事件视界、光子球和ISCO的参考环，理解非旋转黑洞周围的不同物理边界。',
+  },
+];
+
+const faq = [
+  {
+    question: '什么是黑洞的事件视界？',
+    answer: '事件视界是逃逸速度达到光速的边界。一旦物体跨越此界限，包括光在内的任何信号都无法返回外部宇宙。',
+  },
+  {
+    question: '施瓦西半径意味着什么？',
+    answer: '施瓦西半径是针对非旋转、不带电黑洞定义的事件视界半径。该半径与质量成正比，即质量加倍，视界半径也加倍。',
+  },
+  {
+    question: '什么是光子球？',
+    answer: '光子球位于1.5倍施瓦西半径处，是光线能够以不稳定轨道绕黑洞运行的区域。微小的扰动即会导致光子逃逸或坠入黑洞。',
+  },
+  {
+    question: '什么是ISCO？',
+    answer: 'ISCO是"最内层稳定圆形轨道"（Innermost Stable Circular Orbit）的缩写。对于非旋转黑洞，它位于3倍施瓦西半径（即6倍引力半径）处，是有质量粒子能维持的最后稳定轨道。',
+  },
+  {
+    question: '为什么时间膨胀在视界附近会显著增加？',
+    answer: '在施瓦西时空中，处于更强引力场中的时钟相对于远处观测者走得更慢。随着探测器接近事件视界，时间膨胀因子趋近于零。',
+  },
+  {
+    question: '这个模拟器能模拟旋转黑洞吗？',
+    answer: '不能。本模拟器基于施瓦西度规，假设黑洞不旋转且不带电。真实的黑洞多为旋转黑洞，其自转会改变视界大小、ISCO位置及吸积盘动力学。',
+  },
+  {
+    question: '为什么超大质量黑洞的潮汐力反而较小？',
+    answer: '视界处的潮汐梯度随黑洞质量的增加而减小。小型黑洞会在视界附近剧烈撕裂物体，而超大质量黑洞在此处的局部潮汐力相对温和。',
+  },
+  {
+    question: '这是真实的黑洞照片吗？',
+    answer: '这是一个教育示意图，而非光线追踪模拟。光环和吸积盘按施瓦西半径缩放，旨在让用户直观比较不同的物理区域。',
+  },
+];
+
+export const content: ToolLocaleContent = {
+  slug,
+  title,
+  description,
+  ui: {
+    visualTitle: '事件视界场图',
+    visualCaption: '探测器在缩放后的施瓦西时空中移动。明亮的参考环标记了视界、光子球和最内层稳定圆形轨道。',
+    controlsTitle: '黑洞控制',
+    eventHorizon: '事件视界',
+    photonSphere: '光子球',
+    isco: 'ISCO',
+    rsLabel: '施瓦西半径',
+    diameterLabel: '直径',
+    timeLabel: '时间膨胀',
+    redshiftLabel: '红移',
+    statusSafe: '位于稳定轨道区外',
+    statusPhoton: '位于光子球区内',
+    statusInside: '视界内',
+    diameter: '视界直径',
+    lightCrossing: '光穿行时间',
+    timeDilation: '相对远处观测者的时钟速率',
+    redshift: '引力红移',
+    mass: '黑洞质量',
+    distance: '探测器距离',
+    speed: '轨道速度',
+    escapeVelocity: '逃逸速度',
+    orbitalPeriod: '轨道周期',
+    tidalGradient: '潮汐梯度',
+    kilometerUnit: '公里',
+    millisecondUnit: '毫秒',
+    secondUnit: '秒',
+    lightSpeedUnit: '% c',
+    tidalUnit: 'g/m',
+    solarMassesUnit: '太阳质量',
+    rsUnit: 'Rs',
+    zeroKilometers: '0 km',
+    zeroMilliseconds: '0 ms',
+    zeroMultiplier: '0x',
+    zeroLightSpeed: '0% c',
+    zeroTidal: '0 g/m',
+    initialMassOutput: '10 太阳质量',
+    initialDistanceOutput: '3.0 Rs',
+    initialSpeedOutput: '32% c',
+  },
+  seo: [
+    {
+      type: 'title',
+      text: '黑洞事件视界模拟器：施瓦西半径、光子球与时间膨胀',
+      level: 2,
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'paragraph',
+      html: '本模拟器将施瓦西黑洞的核心概念转化为交互式视觉模型。通过调整黑洞质量、移动探测器，用户可以直观比较事件视界、光子球、最内层稳定圆形轨道、逃逸速度、引力红移及时间膨胀的响应关系。',
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'paragraph',
+      html: '本工具专为天文爱好者、物理教师及科普探索者设计，通过将数值与空间图表结合，帮助用户理解黑洞的本质：事件视界并非物质表面，为何光子具有特殊的不稳定轨道，以及为何稳定的圆周运动在视界外停止。',
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'title',
+      text: '事件视界半径的计算方法',
+      level: 3,
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'paragraph',
+      html: '对于非旋转、不带电黑洞，其事件视界半径即为<strong>施瓦西半径</strong>。计算公式为<strong>Rs = 2GM / c^2</strong>，其中G为万有引力常数，M为质量，c为光速。1个太阳质量对应的施瓦西半径约为2.95公里。',
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'paragraph',
+      html: '施瓦西半径与质量呈线性关系，因此10倍太阳质量的黑洞半径约为29.5公里；而像人马座A*那样400万倍太阳质量的黑洞，其半径约为1180万公里。模拟器采用对数滑块，方便用户同时探索恒星级与超大质量黑洞。',
+    },
+    {
+      type: 'table',
+      headers: ['区域', '施瓦西半径倍数', '含义'],
+      rows: [
+        ['事件视界', '1.0 Rs', '逃逸速度等于光速的单向边界'],
+        ['光子球', '1.5 Rs', '光线可在此做不稳定的圆周运动'],
+        ['ISCO', '3.0 Rs', '有质量粒子的最内层稳定圆轨道'],
+        ['弱引力场', '6 Rs及以上', '引力较弱，轨道易于维持稳定'],
+      ],
+    },
+  ],
+  faq,
+  bibliography,
+  howTo,
+  schemas: [
+    {
+      '@context': 'https://schema.org',
+      '@type': 'SoftwareApplication',
+      name: title,
+      description,
+      applicationCategory: 'ScientificApplication',
+      operatingSystem: 'Any',
+    },
+    {
+      '@context': 'https://schema.org',
+      '@type': 'FAQPage',
+      mainEntity: faq.map((item) => ({
+        '@type': 'Question',
+        name: item.question,
+        acceptedAnswer: {
+          '@type': 'Answer',
+          text: item.answer,
+        },
+      })),
+    },
+    {
+      '@context': 'https://schema.org',
+      '@type': 'HowTo',
+      name: title,
+      step: howTo.map((step) => ({
+        '@type': 'HowToStep',
+        name: step.name,
+        text: step.text,
+      })),
+    },
+  ],
+};

package/src/tool/black-hole-event-horizon-simulator/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import { blackHoleEventHorizonSimulator } from './entry';
+import type { ToolDefinition } from '../../types';
+
+export * from './entry';
+
+export const BLACK_HOLE_EVENT_HORIZON_SIMULATOR_TOOL: ToolDefinition = {
+  entry: blackHoleEventHorizonSimulator,
+  Component: () => import('./component.astro'),
+  SEOComponent: () => import('./seo.astro'),
+  BibliographyComponent: () => import('./bibliography.astro'),
+};

package/src/tool/black-hole-event-horizon-simulator/logic.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+export interface BlackHoleInput {
+  massSolar: number;
+  distanceMultiplier: number;
+  orbitalSpeedFraction: number;
+}
+
+export interface BlackHoleResult {
+  schwarzschildRadiusKm: number;
+  diameterKm: number;
+  lightCrossingMs: number;
+  photonSphereKm: number;
+  iscoKm: number;
+  orbitRadiusKm: number;
+  escapeVelocityFraction: number;
+  timeDilationFactor: number;
+  orbitalPeriodMs: number;
+  tidalGradientEarthGPerMeter: number;
+  gravitationalRedshift: number;
+  status: 'inside-horizon' | 'photon-sphere' | 'stable-orbit';
+}
+
+const solarSchwarzschildRadiusKm = 2.95325008;
+const lightSpeedKmPerSecond = 299792.458;
+const gravitationalConstant = 6.6743e-11;
+const solarMassKg = 1.98847e30;
+const earthGravity = 9.80665;
+
+function clamp(value: number, min: number, max: number) {
+  return Math.max(min, Math.min(max, value));
+}
+
+function eventHorizonStatus(distanceMultiplier: number): BlackHoleResult['status'] {
+  if (distanceMultiplier <= 1) return 'inside-horizon';
+  if (distanceMultiplier < 1.5) return 'photon-sphere';
+  return 'stable-orbit';
+}
+
+export function simulateEventHorizon(input: BlackHoleInput): BlackHoleResult {
+  const massSolar = clamp(input.massSolar, 3, 10000000000);
+  const distanceMultiplier = clamp(input.distanceMultiplier, 1.02, 12);
+  const speedFraction = clamp(input.orbitalSpeedFraction, 0.05, 0.99);
+  const schwarzschildRadiusKm = massSolar * solarSchwarzschildRadiusKm;
+  const orbitRadiusKm = schwarzschildRadiusKm * distanceMultiplier;
+  const relativityTerm = Math.max(0.0001, 1 - schwarzschildRadiusKm / orbitRadiusKm);
+  const escapeVelocityFraction = Math.sqrt(schwarzschildRadiusKm / orbitRadiusKm);
+  const timeDilationFactor = Math.sqrt(relativityTerm);
+  const orbitalCircumferenceKm = 2 * Math.PI * orbitRadiusKm;
+  const orbitalPeriodMs = orbitalCircumferenceKm / (speedFraction * lightSpeedKmPerSecond) * 1000;
+  const radiusMeters = orbitRadiusKm * 1000;
+  const massKg = massSolar * solarMassKg;
+  const tidalGradientEarthGPerMeter = 2 * gravitationalConstant * massKg / radiusMeters ** 3 / earthGravity;
+  const gravitationalRedshift = 1 / timeDilationFactor - 1;
+
+  return {
+    schwarzschildRadiusKm,
+    diameterKm: schwarzschildRadiusKm * 2,
+    lightCrossingMs: schwarzschildRadiusKm / lightSpeedKmPerSecond * 1000,
+    photonSphereKm: schwarzschildRadiusKm * 1.5,
+    iscoKm: schwarzschildRadiusKm * 3,
+    orbitRadiusKm,
+    escapeVelocityFraction,
+    timeDilationFactor,
+    orbitalPeriodMs,
+    tidalGradientEarthGPerMeter,
+    gravitationalRedshift,
+    status: eventHorizonStatus(distanceMultiplier),
+  };
+}

package/src/tool/black-hole-event-horizon-simulator/seo.astro

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+---
+import { SEORenderer } from '@jjlmoya/utils-shared';
+import { blackHoleEventHorizonSimulator } from './index';
+import type { KnownLocale } from '../../types';
+
+interface Props {
+  locale?: KnownLocale;
+}
+
+const { locale = 'en' } = Astro.props;
+const content = await blackHoleEventHorizonSimulator.i18n[locale]?.();
+if (!content) return null;
+---
+
+{content.seo?.length > 0 && <SEORenderer content={{ locale, sections: content.seo }} />}

package/src/tools.ts

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import { CONWAY_LIFE_RULE_LAB_TOOL } from './tool/conway-life-rule-lab/index';
 import { CRYSTAL_LATTICE_STRUCTURE_FINDER_TOOL } from './tool/crystal-lattice-structure-finder/index';
 import { FERMI_PARADOX_FILTER_LAB_TOOL } from './tool/fermi-paradox-filter-lab/index';
 import { EPIDEMIC_SIR_SIMULATOR_TOOL } from './tool/epidemic-sir-simulator/index';
+import { BLACK_HOLE_EVENT_HORIZON_SIMULATOR_TOOL } from './tool/black-hole-event-horizon-simulator/index';
 
 export const ALL_TOOLS: ToolDefinition[] = [
   COLONY_COUNTER_TOOL,
@@ -52,4 +53,5 @@ export const ALL_TOOLS: ToolDefinition[] = [
   CRYSTAL_LATTICE_STRUCTURE_FINDER_TOOL,
   FERMI_PARADOX_FILTER_LAB_TOOL,
   EPIDEMIC_SIR_SIMULATOR_TOOL,
+  BLACK_HOLE_EVENT_HORIZON_SIMULATOR_TOOL,
 ];