@itwin/core-geometry 3.5.0 → 3.6.0-dev.10

package/lib/cjs/geometry3d/Angle.js

@@ -10,30 +10,46 @@ Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
 exports.Angle = void 0;
 const Geometry_1 = require("../Geometry");
 /**
- * An `Angle` carries the numeric value of an angle, with methods to allow (require!) callers to be clear about whether their angle is degrees or radians.
- * * The numeric value is private, and callers should not know or care whether it is in degrees or radians.
- * * The various access method are named so that callers can specify whether untyped numbers passed in or out are degrees or radians.
+ * An `Angle` carries the numeric value of an angle, with methods to allow (require!) callers to
+ * be clear about whether their angle is degrees or radians.
+ * * After the Angle object is created, the callers should not know or care whether it is stored in
+ * `degrees` or `radians` because both are available if requested by caller.
+ * * The various access method are named so that callers can specify whether untyped numbers passed in or
+ * out are degrees or radians.
  * @public
  */
 class Angle {
-    constructor(radians = 0, degrees) { this._radians = radians; this._degrees = degrees; }
+    constructor(radians = 0, degrees) {
+        this._radians = radians;
+        this._degrees = degrees;
+    }
     /** Return a new angle with the same content. */
-    clone() { return new Angle(this._radians, this._degrees); }
+    clone() {
+        return new Angle(this._radians, this._degrees);
+    }
     /** Freeze this instance so it is read-only */
-    freeze() { return Object.freeze(this); }
+    freeze() {
+        return Object.freeze(this);
+    }
     /**
      * Return a new Angle object for angle given in degrees.
      * @param degrees angle in degrees
      */
-    static createDegrees(degrees) { return new Angle(Angle.degreesToRadians(degrees), degrees); }
+    static createDegrees(degrees) {
+        return new Angle(Angle.degreesToRadians(degrees), degrees);
+    }
     /**
      * Return a (new) Angle object for a value given in radians.
      * @param radians angle in radians
      */
-    static createRadians(radians) { return new Angle(radians); }
+    static createRadians(radians) {
+        return new Angle(radians);
+    }
     /**
-     * Return a (new) Angle object that is interpolated between two inputs
-     * @param radians angle in radians
+     * Return a (new) Angle object that is interpolated between two inputs (based on a fraction)
+     * @param angle0 first angle in radians
+     * @param fraction the interpolation fraction
+     * @param angle1 second angle in radians
      */
     static createInterpolate(angle0, fraction, angle1) {
         return new Angle(Geometry_1.Geometry.interpolate(angle0.radians, fraction, angle1.radians));
@@ -42,45 +58,49 @@ class Angle {
      * Return a (new) Angle object, with angle scaled from existing angle.
      * @param scale scale factor to apply to angle.
      */
-    cloneScaled(scale) { return new Angle(this.radians * scale); }
+    cloneScaled(scale) {
+        return new Angle(this.radians * scale);
+    }
     /**
      * Set this angle to a value given in radians.
      * @param radians angle given in radians
      */
-    setRadians(radians) { this._radians = radians; this._degrees = undefined; }
+    setRadians(radians) {
+        this._radians = radians;
+        this._degrees = undefined;
+    }
     /**
      * Set this angle to a value given in degrees.
      * @param degrees angle given in degrees.
      */
-    setDegrees(degrees) { this._radians = Angle.degreesToRadians(degrees); this._degrees = degrees; }
+    setDegrees(degrees) {
+        this._radians = Angle.degreesToRadians(degrees);
+        this._degrees = degrees;
+    }
     /** Create an angle for a full circle. */
-    static create360() { return new Angle(Math.PI * 2.0, 360.0); }
+    static create360() {
+        return new Angle(Math.PI * 2.0, 360.0);
+    }
     /**
-     * @return a (strongly typed) Angle whose tangent is `numerator/denominator`, using the signs of both in determining the (otherwise ambiguous)
-     * quadrant.
+     * Create a (strongly typed) Angle whose tangent is `numerator/denominator`, using the signs of both in
+     * determining the (otherwise ambiguous) quadrant.
      * @param numerator numerator for tangent
      * @param denominator denominator for tangent
      */
-    static createAtan2(numerator, denominator) { return new Angle(Math.atan2(numerator, denominator)); }
+    static createAtan2(numerator, denominator) {
+        return new Angle(Math.atan2(numerator, denominator));
+    }
     /**
      * Copy all contents of `other` to this Angle.
      * @param other source data
      */
-    setFrom(other) { this._radians = other._radians; this._degrees = other._degrees; }
-    /**
-     * Create an Angle from a JSON object
-     * @param json object from JSON.parse. If a number, value is in *DEGREES*
-     * @param defaultValRadians if json is undefined, default value in radians.
-     * @return a new Angle
-     */
-    static fromJSON(json, defaultValRadians) {
-        const val = new Angle();
-        val.setFromJSON(json, defaultValRadians);
-        return val;
+    setFrom(other) {
+        this._radians = other._radians;
+        this._degrees = other._degrees;
     }
     /**
-     * set an Angle from a JSON object
-     * * A simple number is degrees.
+     * Set an Angle from a JSON object
+     * * A simple number is considered as degrees.
      * * specified `json.degrees` or `json._degrees` is degree value.
      * * specified `son.radians` or `json._radians` is radians value.
      * @param json object from JSON.parse. If a number, value is in *DEGREES*
@@ -106,19 +126,40 @@ class Angle {
             this.setRadians(json._radians);
         }
     }
+    /**
+   * Create an Angle from a JSON object
+   * @param json object from JSON.parse. If a number, value is in *DEGREES*
+   * @param defaultValRadians if json is undefined, default value in radians.
+   * @return a new Angle
+   */
+    static fromJSON(json, defaultValRadians) {
+        const val = new Angle();
+        val.setFromJSON(json, defaultValRadians);
+        return val;
+    }
     /** Convert an Angle to a JSON object as a number in degrees */
-    toJSON() { return this.degrees; }
+    toJSON() {
+        return this.degrees;
+    }
     /** Return a json object with radians keyword, e.g. `{ radians: 0.10}` */
-    toJSONRadians() { return { radians: this.radians }; }
-    /**  Return the angle measured in radians. */
-    get radians() { return this._radians; }
-    /**  Return the angle measured in degrees. */
-    get degrees() { return this._degrees !== undefined ? this._degrees : Angle.radiansToDegrees(this._radians); }
+    toJSONRadians() {
+        return { radians: this.radians };
+    }
+    /** Return the angle measured in radians. */
+    get radians() {
+        return this._radians;
+    }
+    /** Return the angle measured in degrees. */
+    get degrees() {
+        return this._degrees !== undefined ? this._degrees : Angle.radiansToDegrees(this._radians);
+    }
     /**
      * Convert an angle in degrees to radians.
      * @param degrees angle in degrees
      */
-    static degreesToRadians(degrees) { return degrees * Math.PI / 180; }
+    static degreesToRadians(degrees) {
+        return degrees * Math.PI / 180;
+    }
     /**
      * Convert an angle in radians to degrees.
      * @param degrees angle in radians
@@ -129,6 +170,11 @@ class Angle {
         // Now radians is positive ...
         const pi = Math.PI;
         const factor = 180.0 / pi;
+        /* the following if statements are for round-off reasons. The problem is that no IEEE number is
+          * an exact hit for any primary multiple of pi (90, 180, etc). The following is supposed to have
+          * a better chance that if the input was computed by direct assignment from 90, 180, etc degrees
+          * it will return exactly 90,180 etc.
+          */
         if (radians <= 0.25 * pi)
             return factor * radians;
         if (radians < 0.75 * pi)
@@ -143,27 +189,37 @@ class Angle {
     /**
      * Return the cosine of this Angle object's angle.
      */
-    cos() { return Math.cos(this._radians); }
+    cos() {
+        return Math.cos(this._radians);
+    }
     /**
      * Return the sine of this Angle object's angle.
      */
-    sin() { return Math.sin(this._radians); }
+    sin() {
+        return Math.sin(this._radians);
+    }
     /**
      * Return the tangent of this Angle object's angle.
      */
-    tan() { return Math.tan(this._radians); }
-    /** Test if a radians (absolute) value is nearly 2PI or larger (!) */
+    tan() {
+        return Math.tan(this._radians);
+    }
+    /** Test if a radians (absolute) value is nearly 2PI or larger! */
     static isFullCircleRadians(radians) {
         return Math.abs(radians) >= Geometry_1.Geometry.fullCircleRadiansMinusSmallAngle;
     }
-    /** Test if the radians value  is a complete circle */
+    /** Test if the radians value is a half circle */
     static isHalfCircleRadians(radians) {
         return Math.abs(Math.abs(radians) - Math.PI) <= Geometry_1.Geometry.smallAngleRadians;
     }
-    /** test if the angle is aa full circle */
-    get isFullCircle() { return Angle.isFullCircleRadians(this._radians); }
+    /** test if the angle is a full circle */
+    get isFullCircle() {
+        return Angle.isFullCircleRadians(this._radians);
+    }
     /** test if the angle is a half circle (in either direction) */
-    get isHalfCircle() { return Angle.isHalfCircleRadians(this._radians); }
+    get isHalfCircle() {
+        return Angle.isHalfCircleRadians(this._radians);
+    }
     /** Adjust a radians value so it is positive in 0..360 */
     static adjustDegrees0To360(degrees) {
         if (degrees >= 0) {
@@ -175,8 +231,8 @@ class Angle {
         }
         else if (degrees < 0) {
             // negative angle ...
-            const radians1 = Angle.adjustDegrees0To360(-degrees);
-            return 360.0 - radians1;
+            const radians = Angle.adjustDegrees0To360(-degrees);
+            return 360.0 - radians;
         }
         // fall through for Nan (disaster) !!!
         return 0;
@@ -208,8 +264,7 @@ class Angle {
         }
         else if (radians < 0) {
             // negative angle ...
-            const radians1 = Angle.adjustRadians0To2Pi(-radians);
-            return Math.PI * 2.0 - radians1;
+            return Math.PI * 2.0 - Angle.adjustRadians0To2Pi(-radians);
         }
         // fall through for NaN disaster.
         return 0;
@@ -231,17 +286,29 @@ class Angle {
         return 0;
     }
     /** return a (newly allocated) Angle object with value 0 radians */
-    static zero() { return new Angle(0); }
+    static zero() {
+        return new Angle(0);
+    }
     /** Test if the angle is exactly zero. */
-    get isExactZero() { return this.radians === 0; }
+    get isExactZero() {
+        return this.radians === 0;
+    }
     /** Test if the angle is almost zero (within tolerance `Geometry.smallAngleRadians`) */
-    get isAlmostZero() { return Math.abs(this.radians) < Geometry_1.Geometry.smallAngleRadians; }
+    get isAlmostZero() {
+        return Math.abs(this.radians) < Geometry_1.Geometry.smallAngleRadians;
+    }
     /** Test if the angle is almost a north or south pole (within tolerance `Geometry.smallAngleRadians`) */
-    get isAlmostNorthOrSouthPole() { return Angle.isHalfCircleRadians(this.radians * 2.0); }
+    get isAlmostNorthOrSouthPole() {
+        return Angle.isHalfCircleRadians(this.radians * 2.0);
+    }
     /** Create an angle object with degrees adjusted into 0..360. */
-    static createDegreesAdjustPositive(degrees) { return Angle.createDegrees(Angle.adjustDegrees0To360(degrees)); }
+    static createDegreesAdjustPositive(degrees) {
+        return Angle.createDegrees(Angle.adjustDegrees0To360(degrees));
+    }
     /** Create an angle object with degrees adjusted into -180..180. */
-    static createDegreesAdjustSigned180(degrees) { return Angle.createDegrees(Angle.adjustDegreesSigned180(degrees)); }
+    static createDegreesAdjustSigned180(degrees) {
+        return Angle.createDegrees(Angle.adjustDegreesSigned180(degrees));
+    }
     /**
      * Test if two radians values are equivalent, allowing shift by full circle (i.e. by a multiple of `2*PI`)
      * @param radiansA first radians value
@@ -305,40 +372,55 @@ class Angle {
             && dotUV * dotUV <= Geometry_1.Geometry.smallAngleRadiansSquared * dotUU * dotVV;
     }
     /**
-     * Return cosine, sine, and radians for the half angle of a cosine,sine pair.
+     * Return cosine, sine, and radians for the half angle of a "cosine,sine" pair.
+     * * This function assumes the input arguments are related to an angle between -PI and PI
+     * * This function returns an angle between -PI and PI
      * @param rCos2A cosine value (scaled by radius) for initial angle.
      * @param rSin2A sine value (scaled by radius) for final angle.
      */
     static trigValuesToHalfAngleTrigValues(rCos2A, rSin2A) {
         const r = Geometry_1.Geometry.hypotenuseXY(rCos2A, rSin2A);
         if (r < Geometry_1.Geometry.smallMetricDistance) {
-            return { c: 1.0, s: 0.0, radians: 0.0 };
+            return { c: 1.0, s: 0.0, radians: 0.0 }; // angle = 0
         }
         else {
-            /* If the caller really gave you sine and cosine values, r should be 1.  However,*/
-            /* to allow scaled values -- e.g. the x and y components of any vector -- we normalize*/
-            /* right here.  This adds an extra sqrt and 2 divides to the whole process, but improves*/
-            /* both the usefulness and robustness of the computation.*/
+            /* If the caller really gave you sine and cosine values, r should be 1.  However,
+             * to allow scaled values -- e.g. the x and y components of any vector -- we normalize
+             * right here. This adds an extra sqrt and 2 divides to the whole process, but improves
+             * both the usefulness and robustness of the computation.
+             */
             let cosA;
             let sinA = 0.0;
             const cos2A = rCos2A / r;
             const sin2A = rSin2A / r;
+            // Original angle in NE and SE quadrants. Half angle in same quadrant
             if (cos2A >= 0.0) {
-                /* Original angle in NE and SE quadrants.  Half angle in same quadrant */
+                /*
+                 * We know cos2A = (cosA)^2 - (sinA)^2 and 1 = (cosA)^2 + (sinA)^2
+                 * so 1 + cos2A = 2(cosA)^2 and therefore, cosA = sqrt((1+cos2A)/2)
+                 * cosine is positive in NE and SE quadrants so we use +sqrt
+                 */
                 cosA = Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 + cos2A));
-                sinA = sin2A / (2.0 * (cosA));
+                // We know sin2A = 2 sinA cosA so sinA = sin2A/(2*cosA)
+                sinA = sin2A / (2.0 * cosA);
             }
             else {
+                // Original angle in NW quadrant. Half angle in NE quadrant
                 if (sin2A > 0.0) {
-                    /* Original angle in NW quadrant. Half angle in NE quadrant */
+                    /*
+                     * We know cos2A = (cosA)^2 - (sinA)^2 and 1 = (cosA)^2 + (sinA)^2
+                     * so 1 - cos2A = 2(sinA)^2 and therefore, sinA = sqrt((1-cos2A)/2)
+                     * sine is positive in NE quadrant so we use +sqrt
+                     */
                     sinA = Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 - cos2A));
+                    // Original angle in SW quadrant. Half angle in SE quadrant
                 }
                 else {
-                    /* Original angle in SW quadrant. Half angle in SE quadrant*/
-                    /* cosA comes out positive because both sines are negative. */
+                    // sine is negative in SE quadrant so we use -sqrt
                     sinA = -Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 - cos2A));
                 }
-                cosA = sin2A / (2.0 * (sinA));
+                // We know sin2A = 2 sinA cosA so cosA = sin2A/(2*sinA)
+                cosA = sin2A / (2.0 * sinA); // always positive
             }
             return { c: cosA, s: sinA, radians: Math.atan2(sinA, cosA) };
         }
@@ -357,17 +439,24 @@ class Angle {
         return value;
     }
     /**
-     * Return the half angle cosine, sine, and radians for given dot products between vectors.
-     * @param dotUU dot product of vectorU with itself
-     * @param dotVV dot product of vectorV with itself
-     * @param dotUV dot product of vectorU with vectorV
-     */
+       * Return the half angle cosine, sine, and radians for given dot products between vectors. The vectors define
+       * an ellipse using x(t) = c + U cos(t) + V sin(t) so U and V are at angle t=0 degree and t=90 degree. The
+       * half angle t0 is an angle such that x(t0) is one of the ellipse semi-axis.
+       * * This construction arises e.g. in `Arc3d.toScaledMatrix3d`.
+       * * Given ellipse x(t) = c + U cos(t) + V sin(t), find t0 such that radial vector W(t0) = x(t0) - c is
+       * perpendicular to the ellipse.
+       * * Then 0 = W(t0).x'(t0) = (U cos(t0) + V sin(t0)).(V cos(t0) - U sin(t0)) = U.V cos(2t0) + 0.5 (V.V - U.U) sin(2t0)
+       * implies sin(2t0) / cos(2t0) = 2 U.V / (U.U - V.V), i.e., t0 can be computed given the three dot products on the RHS.
+       * @param dotUU dot product of vectorU with itself
+       * @param dotVV dot product of vectorV with itself
+       * @param dotUV dot product of vectorU with vectorV
+       */
     static dotProductsToHalfAngleTrigValues(dotUU, dotVV, dotUV, favorZero = true) {
-        const rCos = dotUU - dotVV;
-        const rSin = 2.0 * dotUV;
-        if (favorZero && Math.abs(rSin) < Geometry_1.Geometry.smallAngleRadians * (Math.abs(dotUU) + Math.abs(dotVV)))
+        const cos2t0 = dotUU - dotVV;
+        const sin2t0 = 2.0 * dotUV;
+        if (favorZero && Math.abs(sin2t0) < Geometry_1.Geometry.smallAngleRadians * (Math.abs(dotUU) + Math.abs(dotVV)))
             return { c: 1.0, s: 0.0, radians: 0.0 };
-        return Angle.trigValuesToHalfAngleTrigValues(rCos, rSin);
+        return Angle.trigValuesToHalfAngleTrigValues(cos2t0, sin2t0);
     }
     /**
      * * Returns the angle between two vectors, with the vectors given as xyz components
@@ -381,9 +470,7 @@ class Angle {
      * @param vz z component of vector v
      */
     static radiansBetweenVectorsXYZ(ux, uy, uz, vx, vy, vz) {
-        //  const uu = ux * ux + uy * uy + uz * uz;
-        const uDotV = ux * vx + uy * vy + uz * vz; // magU magV cos(theta)
-        //    const vv = vx * vx + vy * vy + vz * vz;
+        const uDotV = ux * vx + uy * vy + uz * vz;
         return Math.atan2(Geometry_1.Geometry.crossProductMagnitude(ux, uy, uz, vx, vy, vz), uDotV);
     }
     /**
@@ -401,11 +488,13 @@ class Angle {
     }
 }
 exports.Angle = Angle;
-/** maximal accuracy value of pi/4 ( 45 degrees), in radians */
+/** maximal accuracy value of pi/12 (15 degrees), in radians */
+Angle.piOver12Radians = 0.26179938779914943653855361527329;
+/** maximal accuracy value of pi/4 (45 degrees), in radians */
 Angle.piOver4Radians = 7.85398163397448280000e-001;
-/** maximal accuracy value of pi/2 ( 90 degrees), in radians */
+/** maximal accuracy value of pi/2 (90 degrees), in radians */
 Angle.piOver2Radians = 1.57079632679489660000e+000;
-/** maximal accuracy value of pi ( 180 degrees), in radians */
+/** maximal accuracy value of pi (180 degrees), in radians */
 Angle.piRadians = 3.14159265358979310000e+000;
 /** maximal accuracy value of 2*pi (360 degrees), in radians */
 Angle.pi2Radians = 6.28318530717958620000e+000;
@@ -413,6 +502,4 @@ Angle.pi2Radians = 6.28318530717958620000e+000;
 Angle.degreesPerRadian = (45.0 / Angle.piOver4Radians);
 /** scale factor for converting degrees to radians */
 Angle.radiansPerDegree = (Angle.piOver4Radians / 45.0);
-/** maximal accuracy value of pi/12 ( 15 degrees), in radians */
-Angle.piOver12Radians = 0.26179938779914943653855361527329;
 //# sourceMappingURL=Angle.js.map

package/lib/cjs/geometry3d/Angle.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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Copyright (c) Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All rights reserved.\r\n* See LICENSE.md in the project root for license terms and full copyright notice.\r\n*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/\r\n/** @packageDocumentation\r\n * @module CartesianGeometry\r\n */\r\n\r\nimport { AngleProps, BeJSONFunctions, Geometry, TrigValues } from \"../Geometry\";\r\n\r\n/**\r\n * An `Angle` carries the numeric value of an angle, with methods to allow (require!) callers to be clear about whether their angle is degrees or radians.\r\n * * The numeric value is private, and callers should not know or care whether it is in degrees or radians.\r\n * * The various access method are named so that callers can specify whether untyped numbers passed in or out are degrees or radians.\r\n * @public\r\n */\r\nexport class Angle implements BeJSONFunctions {\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of pi/4 ( 45 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly piOver4Radians = 7.85398163397448280000e-001;\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of pi/2 ( 90 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly piOver2Radians = 1.57079632679489660000e+000;\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of pi ( 180 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly piRadians = 3.14159265358979310000e+000;\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of 2*pi (360 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly pi2Radians = 6.28318530717958620000e+000;\r\n  /** scale factor for converting radians to degrees */\r\n  public static readonly degreesPerRadian = (45.0 / Angle.piOver4Radians);\r\n  /** scale factor for converting degrees to radians */\r\n  public static readonly radiansPerDegree = (Angle.piOver4Radians / 45.0);\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of pi/12 ( 15 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly piOver12Radians = 0.26179938779914943653855361527329;\r\n  private _radians: number;\r\n  private _degrees?: number;\r\n  private constructor(radians = 0, degrees?: number) { this._radians = radians; this._degrees = degrees; }\r\n  /** Return a new angle with the same content. */\r\n  public clone(): Angle { return new Angle(this._radians, this._degrees); }\r\n  /** Freeze this instance so it is read-only */\r\n  public freeze(): Readonly<this> { return Object.freeze(this); }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return a new Angle object for angle given in degrees.\r\n   * @param degrees angle in degrees\r\n   */\r\n  public static createDegrees(degrees: number) { return new Angle(Angle.degreesToRadians(degrees), degrees); }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return a (new) Angle object for a value given in radians.\r\n   * @param radians angle in radians\r\n   */\r\n  public static createRadians(radians: number) { return new Angle(radians); }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return a (new) Angle object that is interpolated between two inputs\r\n   * @param radians angle in radians\r\n   */\r\n  public static createInterpolate(angle0: Angle, fraction: number, angle1: Angle) {\r\n    return new Angle(Geometry.interpolate(angle0.radians, fraction, angle1.radians));\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return a (new) Angle object, with angle scaled from existing angle.\r\n   * @param scale scale factor to apply to angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public cloneScaled(scale: number) { return new Angle(this.radians * scale); }\r\n\r\n  /**\r\n   * Set this angle to a value given in radians.\r\n   * @param radians angle given in radians\r\n   */\r\n  public setRadians(radians: number) { this._radians = radians; this._degrees = undefined; }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Set this angle to a value given in degrees.\r\n   * @param degrees angle given in degrees.\r\n   */\r\n  public setDegrees(degrees: number) { this._radians = Angle.degreesToRadians(degrees); this._degrees = degrees; }\r\n  /** Create an angle for a full circle. */\r\n  public static create360() { return new Angle(Math.PI * 2.0, 360.0); }\r\n  /**\r\n   * @return a (strongly typed) Angle whose tangent is `numerator/denominator`, using the signs of both in determining the (otherwise ambiguous)\r\n   * quadrant.\r\n   * @param numerator numerator for tangent\r\n   * @param denominator denominator for tangent\r\n   */\r\n  public static createAtan2(numerator: number, denominator: number): Angle { return new Angle(Math.atan2(numerator, denominator)); }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Copy all contents of `other` to this Angle.\r\n   * @param other source data\r\n   */\r\n  public setFrom(other: Angle) { this._radians = other._radians; this._degrees = other._degrees; }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Create an Angle from a JSON object\r\n   * @param json object from JSON.parse. If a number, value is in *DEGREES*\r\n   * @param defaultValRadians if json is undefined, default value in radians.\r\n   * @return a new Angle\r\n   */\r\n  public static fromJSON(json?: AngleProps, defaultValRadians?: number): Angle {\r\n    const val = new Angle();\r\n    val.setFromJSON(json, defaultValRadians);\r\n    return val;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * set an Angle from a JSON object\r\n   * * A simple number is degrees.\r\n   * * specified `json.degrees` or `json._degrees` is degree value.\r\n   * * specified `son.radians` or `json._radians` is radians value.\r\n   * @param json object from JSON.parse. If a number, value is in *DEGREES*\r\n   * @param defaultValRadians if json is undefined, default value in radians.\r\n   */\r\n  public setFromJSON(json?: AngleProps, defaultValRadians?: number) {\r\n    this._radians = defaultValRadians ? defaultValRadians : 0;\r\n    if (!json)\r\n      return;\r\n    if (typeof json === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setDegrees(json);\r\n    } else if (typeof (json as any).degrees === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setDegrees((json as any).degrees);\r\n    } else if (typeof (json as any)._degrees === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setDegrees((json as any)._degrees);\r\n    } else if (typeof (json as any).radians === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setRadians((json as any).radians);\r\n    } else if (typeof (json as any)._radians === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setRadians((json as any)._radians);\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  /** Convert an Angle to a JSON object as a number in degrees */\r\n  public toJSON(): AngleProps { return this.degrees; }\r\n  /** Return a json object with radians keyword, e.g. `{ radians: 0.10}` */\r\n  public toJSONRadians(): AngleProps { return { radians: this.radians }; }\r\n  /**  Return the angle measured in radians. */\r\n  public get radians(): number { return this._radians; }\r\n  /**  Return the angle measured in degrees. */\r\n  public get degrees(): number { return this._degrees !== undefined ? this._degrees : Angle.radiansToDegrees(this._radians); }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Convert an angle in degrees to radians.\r\n   * @param degrees angle in degrees\r\n   */\r\n  public static degreesToRadians(degrees: number) { return degrees * Math.PI / 180; }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Convert an angle in radians to degrees.\r\n   * @param degrees angle in radians\r\n   */\r\n  public static radiansToDegrees(radians: number): number {\r\n    if (radians < 0)\r\n      return -Angle.radiansToDegrees(-radians);\r\n    // Now radians is positive ...\r\n    const pi = Math.PI;\r\n    const factor = 180.0 / pi;\r\n    if (radians <= 0.25 * pi)\r\n      return factor * radians;\r\n    if (radians < 0.75 * pi)\r\n      return 90.0 + 180 * ((radians - 0.5 * pi) / pi);\r\n    if (radians <= 1.25 * pi)\r\n      return 180.0 + 180 * ((radians - pi) / pi);\r\n    if (radians <= 1.75 * pi)\r\n      return 270.0 + 180 * ((radians - 1.5 * pi) / pi);\r\n    // all larger radians reference from 360 degrees (2PI)\r\n    return 360.0 + 180 * ((radians - 2.0 * pi) / pi);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return the cosine of this Angle object's angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public cos(): number { return Math.cos(this._radians); }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return the sine of this Angle object's angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public sin(): number { return Math.sin(this._radians); }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return the tangent of this Angle object's angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public tan(): number { return Math.tan(this._radians); }\r\n  /** Test if a radians (absolute) value is nearly 2PI or larger (!) */\r\n  public static isFullCircleRadians(radians: number): boolean {\r\n    return Math.abs(radians) >= Geometry.fullCircleRadiansMinusSmallAngle;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Test if the radians value  is a complete circle */\r\n  public static isHalfCircleRadians(radians: number): boolean {\r\n    return Math.abs(Math.abs(radians) - Math.PI) <= Geometry.smallAngleRadians;\r\n  }\r\n  /** test if the angle is aa full circle */\r\n  public get isFullCircle(): boolean { return Angle.isFullCircleRadians(this._radians); }\r\n\r\n  /** test if the angle is a half circle (in either direction) */\r\n  public get isHalfCircle(): boolean { return Angle.isHalfCircleRadians(this._radians); }\r\n  /** Adjust a radians value so it is positive in 0..360 */\r\n  public static adjustDegrees0To360(degrees: number): number {\r\n    if (degrees >= 0) {\r\n      const period = 360.0;\r\n      if (degrees < period)\r\n        return degrees;\r\n      const numPeriods = Math.floor(degrees / period);\r\n      return degrees - numPeriods * period;\r\n    } else if (degrees < 0) {\r\n      // negative angle ...\r\n      const radians1 = Angle.adjustDegrees0To360(-degrees);\r\n      return 360.0 - radians1;\r\n    }\r\n    // fall through for Nan (disaster) !!!\r\n    return 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Adjust a radians value so it is in -180..180 */\r\n  public static adjustDegreesSigned180(degrees: number): number {\r\n    if (Math.abs(degrees) <= 180.0)\r\n      return degrees;\r\n    if (degrees >= 0) {\r\n      const period = 360.0;\r\n      const numPeriods = 1 + Math.floor((degrees - 180.0) / period);\r\n      return degrees - numPeriods * period;\r\n    } else if (degrees < 0) {\r\n      // negative angle ...\r\n      return -Angle.adjustDegreesSigned180(-degrees);\r\n    }\r\n    // fall through for NaN disaster.\r\n    return 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Adjust a radians value so it is positive in 0..2Pi */\r\n  public static adjustRadians0To2Pi(radians: number): number {\r\n    if (radians >= 0) {\r\n      const period = Math.PI * 2.0;\r\n      if (radians < period)\r\n        return radians;\r\n      const numPeriods = Math.floor(radians / period);\r\n      return radians - numPeriods * period;\r\n    } else if (radians < 0) {\r\n      // negative angle ...\r\n      const radians1 = Angle.adjustRadians0To2Pi(-radians);\r\n      return Math.PI * 2.0 - radians1;\r\n    }\r\n    // fall through for NaN disaster.\r\n    return 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Adjust a radians value so it is positive in -PI..PI */\r\n  public static adjustRadiansMinusPiPlusPi(radians: number): number {\r\n    if (Math.abs(radians) <= Math.PI)\r\n      return radians;\r\n    if (radians >= 0) {\r\n      const period = Math.PI * 2.0;\r\n      const numPeriods = 1 + Math.floor((radians - Math.PI) / period);\r\n      return radians - numPeriods * period;\r\n    } else if (radians < 0) {\r\n      // negative angle ...\r\n      return -Angle.adjustRadiansMinusPiPlusPi(-radians);\r\n    }\r\n    // fall through for NaN disaster.\r\n    return 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** return a (newly allocated) Angle object with value 0 radians */\r\n  public static zero() { return new Angle(0); }\r\n  /** Test if the angle is exactly zero. */\r\n  public get isExactZero() { return this.radians === 0; }\r\n  /** Test if the angle is almost zero (within tolerance `Geometry.smallAngleRadians`) */\r\n  public get isAlmostZero() { return Math.abs(this.radians) < Geometry.smallAngleRadians; }\r\n  /** Test if the angle is almost a north or south pole (within tolerance `Geometry.smallAngleRadians`) */\r\n  public get isAlmostNorthOrSouthPole() { return Angle.isHalfCircleRadians(this.radians * 2.0); }\r\n\r\n  /** Create an angle object with degrees adjusted into 0..360. */\r\n  public static createDegreesAdjustPositive(degrees: number): Angle { return Angle.createDegrees(Angle.adjustDegrees0To360(degrees)); }\r\n  /** Create an angle object with degrees adjusted into -180..180. */\r\n  public static createDegreesAdjustSigned180(degrees: number): Angle { return Angle.createDegrees(Angle.adjustDegreesSigned180(degrees)); }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if two radians values are equivalent, allowing shift by full circle (i.e. by a multiple of `2*PI`)\r\n   * @param radiansA first radians value\r\n   * @param radiansB second radians value\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public static isAlmostEqualRadiansAllowPeriodShift(radiansA: number, radiansB: number,\r\n    radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    const delta = Math.abs(radiansA - radiansB);\r\n    if (delta <= radianTol)\r\n      return true;\r\n    const period = Math.PI * 2.0;\r\n    if (Math.abs(delta - period) <= radianTol)\r\n      return true;\r\n    const numPeriod = Math.round(delta / period);\r\n    const delta1 = delta - numPeriod * period;\r\n    return Math.abs(delta1) <= radianTol;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if this angle and other are equivalent, allowing shift by full circle (i.e., multiples of `2 * PI`).\r\n   * @param other the other angle\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public isAlmostEqualAllowPeriodShift(other: Angle, radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    return Angle.isAlmostEqualRadiansAllowPeriodShift(this._radians, other._radians, radianTol);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if two angle (in radians)  almost equal, NOT allowing shift by full circle (i.e., multiples of `2 * PI`).\r\n   * @param radiansA first radians value\r\n   * @param radiansB second radians value\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public static isAlmostEqualRadiansNoPeriodShift(radiansA: number, radiansB: number,\r\n    radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    return Math.abs(radiansA - radiansB) < radianTol;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if two this angle and other are almost equal, NOT allowing shift by full circle (i.e., multiples of `2 * PI`).\r\n   * @param other the other angle\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public isAlmostEqualNoPeriodShift(other: Angle, radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    return Angle.isAlmostEqualRadiansNoPeriodShift(this._radians, other._radians, radianTol);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if two this angle and other are almost equal, NOT allowing shift by full circle (i.e., multiples of `2 * PI`).\r\n   * * This function is same as isAlmostEqualRadiansNoPeriodShift. Please use isAlmostEqualRadiansNoPeriodShift.\r\n   * @param other the other angle\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public isAlmostEqual(other: Angle, radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    return this.isAlmostEqualNoPeriodShift(other, radianTol);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if dot product values indicate non-zero length perpendicular vectors.\r\n   * @param dotUU dot product of vectorU with itself\r\n   * @param dotVV dot product of vectorV with itself\r\n   * @param dotUV dot product of vectorU with vectorV\r\n   */\r\n  public static isPerpendicularDotSet(dotUU: number, dotVV: number, dotUV: number): boolean {\r\n    return dotUU > Geometry.smallMetricDistanceSquared\r\n      && dotVV > Geometry.smallMetricDistanceSquared\r\n      && dotUV * dotUV <= Geometry.smallAngleRadiansSquared * dotUU * dotVV;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return cosine, sine, and radians for the half angle of a cosine,sine pair.\r\n   * @param rCos2A cosine value (scaled by radius) for initial angle.\r\n   * @param rSin2A sine value (scaled by radius) for final angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public static trigValuesToHalfAngleTrigValues(rCos2A: number, rSin2A: number): TrigValues {\r\n    const r = Geometry.hypotenuseXY(rCos2A, rSin2A);\r\n    if (r < Geometry.smallMetricDistance) {\r\n      return { c: 1.0, s: 0.0, radians: 0.0 };\r\n    } else {\r\n      /* If the caller really gave you sine and cosine values, r should be 1.  However,*/\r\n      /* to allow scaled values -- e.g. the x and y components of any vector -- we normalize*/\r\n      /* right here.  This adds an extra sqrt and 2 divides to the whole process, but improves*/\r\n      /* both the usefulness and robustness of the computation.*/\r\n      let cosA;\r\n      let sinA = 0.0;\r\n      const cos2A = rCos2A / r;\r\n      const sin2A = rSin2A / r;\r\n      if (cos2A >= 0.0) {\r\n        /* Original angle in NE and SE quadrants.  Half angle in same quadrant */\r\n        cosA = Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 + cos2A));\r\n        sinA = sin2A / (2.0 * (cosA));\r\n      } else {\r\n        if (sin2A > 0.0) {\r\n          /* Original angle in NW quadrant. Half angle in NE quadrant */\r\n          sinA = Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 - cos2A));\r\n        } else {\r\n          /* Original angle in SW quadrant. Half angle in SE quadrant*/\r\n          /* cosA comes out positive because both sines are negative. */\r\n          sinA = -Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 - cos2A));\r\n        }\r\n        cosA = sin2A / (2.0 * (sinA));\r\n      }\r\n      return { c: cosA, s: sinA, radians: Math.atan2(sinA, cosA) };\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  /** If value is close to -1, -0.5, 0, 0.5, 1, adjust it to the exact value. */\r\n  public static cleanupTrigValue(value: number, tolerance: number = 1.0e-15): number {\r\n    const absValue = Math.abs(value);\r\n    if (absValue <= tolerance)\r\n      return 0;\r\n    let a = Math.abs(absValue - 0.5);\r\n    if (a <= tolerance)\r\n      return value < 0.0 ? -0.5 : 0.5;\r\n    a = Math.abs(absValue - 1.0);\r\n    if (a <= tolerance)\r\n      return value < 0.0 ? -1.0 : 1.0;\r\n    return value;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return the half angle cosine, sine, and radians for given dot products between vectors.\r\n   * @param dotUU dot product of vectorU with itself\r\n   * @param dotVV dot product of vectorV with itself\r\n   * @param dotUV dot product of vectorU with vectorV\r\n   */\r\n  public static dotProductsToHalfAngleTrigValues(dotUU: number, dotVV: number, dotUV: number, favorZero: boolean = true): TrigValues {\r\n    const rCos = dotUU - dotVV;\r\n    const rSin = 2.0 * dotUV;\r\n    if (favorZero && Math.abs(rSin) < Geometry.smallAngleRadians * (Math.abs(dotUU) + Math.abs(dotVV)))\r\n      return { c: 1.0, s: 0.0, radians: 0.0 };\r\n    return Angle.trigValuesToHalfAngleTrigValues(rCos, rSin);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * * Returns the angle between two vectors, with the vectors given as xyz components\r\n   * * The returned angle is between 0 and PI\r\n   *\r\n   * @param ux x component of vector u\r\n   * @param uy y component of vector u\r\n   * @param uz z component of vector u\r\n   * @param vx x component of vector v\r\n   * @param vy y component of vector v\r\n   * @param vz z component of vector v\r\n   */\r\n  public static radiansBetweenVectorsXYZ(ux: number, uy: number, uz: number, vx: number, vy: number, vz: number): number {\r\n    //  const uu = ux * ux + uy * uy + uz * uz;\r\n    const uDotV = ux * vx + uy * vy + uz * vz; // magU magV cos(theta)\r\n    //    const vv = vx * vx + vy * vy + vz * vz;\r\n    return Math.atan2(Geometry.crossProductMagnitude(ux, uy, uz, vx, vy, vz), uDotV);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Add a multiple of a full circle angle (360 degrees, 2PI) in place.\r\n   * @param multiple multiplier factor\r\n   */\r\n  public addMultipleOf2PiInPlace(multiple: number) {\r\n    if (this._degrees !== undefined) {\r\n      this._degrees += multiple * 360.0;\r\n      this._radians = Angle.degreesToRadians(this._degrees);\r\n    } else {\r\n      this._radians += multiple * Angle.pi2Radians;\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n"]}
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Copyright (c) Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All rights reserved.\r\n* See LICENSE.md in the project root for license terms and full copyright notice.\r\n*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/\r\n/** @packageDocumentation\r\n * @module CartesianGeometry\r\n */\r\n\r\nimport { AngleProps, BeJSONFunctions, Geometry, TrigValues } from \"../Geometry\";\r\n\r\n/**\r\n * An `Angle` carries the numeric value of an angle, with methods to allow (require!) callers to\r\n * be clear about whether their angle is degrees or radians.\r\n * * After the Angle object is created, the callers should not know or care whether it is stored in\r\n * `degrees` or `radians` because both are available if requested by caller.\r\n * * The various access method are named so that callers can specify whether untyped numbers passed in or\r\n * out are degrees or radians.\r\n * @public\r\n */\r\nexport class Angle implements BeJSONFunctions {\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of pi/12 (15 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly piOver12Radians = 0.26179938779914943653855361527329;\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of pi/4 (45 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly piOver4Radians = 7.85398163397448280000e-001;\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of pi/2 (90 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly piOver2Radians = 1.57079632679489660000e+000;\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of pi (180 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly piRadians = 3.14159265358979310000e+000;\r\n  /** maximal accuracy value of 2*pi (360 degrees), in radians */\r\n  public static readonly pi2Radians = 6.28318530717958620000e+000;\r\n  /** scale factor for converting radians to degrees */\r\n  public static readonly degreesPerRadian = (45.0 / Angle.piOver4Radians);\r\n  /** scale factor for converting degrees to radians */\r\n  public static readonly radiansPerDegree = (Angle.piOver4Radians / 45.0);\r\n  private _radians: number;\r\n  private _degrees?: number;\r\n  private constructor(radians = 0, degrees?: number) {\r\n    this._radians = radians;\r\n    this._degrees = degrees;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Return a new angle with the same content. */\r\n  public clone(): Angle {\r\n    return new Angle(this._radians, this._degrees);\r\n  }\r\n  /** Freeze this instance so it is read-only */\r\n  public freeze(): Readonly<this> {\r\n    return Object.freeze(this);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return a new Angle object for angle given in degrees.\r\n   * @param degrees angle in degrees\r\n   */\r\n  public static createDegrees(degrees: number): Angle {\r\n    return new Angle(Angle.degreesToRadians(degrees), degrees);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return a (new) Angle object for a value given in radians.\r\n   * @param radians angle in radians\r\n   */\r\n  public static createRadians(radians: number): Angle {\r\n    return new Angle(radians);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return a (new) Angle object that is interpolated between two inputs (based on a fraction)\r\n   * @param angle0 first angle in radians\r\n   * @param fraction the interpolation fraction\r\n   * @param angle1 second angle in radians\r\n   */\r\n  public static createInterpolate(angle0: Angle, fraction: number, angle1: Angle): Angle {\r\n    return new Angle(Geometry.interpolate(angle0.radians, fraction, angle1.radians));\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return a (new) Angle object, with angle scaled from existing angle.\r\n   * @param scale scale factor to apply to angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public cloneScaled(scale: number): Angle {\r\n    return new Angle(this.radians * scale);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Set this angle to a value given in radians.\r\n   * @param radians angle given in radians\r\n   */\r\n  public setRadians(radians: number) {\r\n    this._radians = radians;\r\n    this._degrees = undefined;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Set this angle to a value given in degrees.\r\n   * @param degrees angle given in degrees.\r\n   */\r\n  public setDegrees(degrees: number) {\r\n    this._radians = Angle.degreesToRadians(degrees);\r\n    this._degrees = degrees;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Create an angle for a full circle. */\r\n  public static create360(): Angle {\r\n    return new Angle(Math.PI * 2.0, 360.0);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Create a (strongly typed) Angle whose tangent is `numerator/denominator`, using the signs of both in\r\n   * determining the (otherwise ambiguous) quadrant.\r\n   * @param numerator numerator for tangent\r\n   * @param denominator denominator for tangent\r\n   */\r\n  public static createAtan2(numerator: number, denominator: number): Angle {\r\n    return new Angle(Math.atan2(numerator, denominator));\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Copy all contents of `other` to this Angle.\r\n   * @param other source data\r\n   */\r\n  public setFrom(other: Angle) {\r\n    this._radians = other._radians;\r\n    this._degrees = other._degrees;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Set an Angle from a JSON object\r\n   * * A simple number is considered as degrees.\r\n   * * specified `json.degrees` or `json._degrees` is degree value.\r\n   * * specified `son.radians` or `json._radians` is radians value.\r\n   * @param json object from JSON.parse. If a number, value is in *DEGREES*\r\n   * @param defaultValRadians if json is undefined, default value in radians.\r\n   */\r\n  public setFromJSON(json?: AngleProps, defaultValRadians?: number) {\r\n    this._radians = defaultValRadians ? defaultValRadians : 0;\r\n    if (!json)\r\n      return;\r\n    if (typeof json === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setDegrees(json);\r\n    } else if (typeof (json as any).degrees === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setDegrees((json as any).degrees);\r\n    } else if (typeof (json as any)._degrees === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setDegrees((json as any)._degrees);\r\n    } else if (typeof (json as any).radians === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setRadians((json as any).radians);\r\n    } else if (typeof (json as any)._radians === \"number\") {\r\n      this.setRadians((json as any)._radians);\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n * Create an Angle from a JSON object\r\n * @param json object from JSON.parse. If a number, value is in *DEGREES*\r\n * @param defaultValRadians if json is undefined, default value in radians.\r\n * @return a new Angle\r\n */\r\n  public static fromJSON(json?: AngleProps, defaultValRadians?: number): Angle {\r\n    const val = new Angle();\r\n    val.setFromJSON(json, defaultValRadians);\r\n    return val;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Convert an Angle to a JSON object as a number in degrees */\r\n  public toJSON(): AngleProps {\r\n    return this.degrees;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Return a json object with radians keyword, e.g. `{ radians: 0.10}` */\r\n  public toJSONRadians(): AngleProps {\r\n    return { radians: this.radians };\r\n  }\r\n  /** Return the angle measured in radians. */\r\n  public get radians(): number {\r\n    return this._radians;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Return the angle measured in degrees. */\r\n  public get degrees(): number {\r\n    return this._degrees !== undefined ? this._degrees : Angle.radiansToDegrees(this._radians);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Convert an angle in degrees to radians.\r\n   * @param degrees angle in degrees\r\n   */\r\n  public static degreesToRadians(degrees: number): number {\r\n    return degrees * Math.PI / 180;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Convert an angle in radians to degrees.\r\n   * @param degrees angle in radians\r\n   */\r\n  public static radiansToDegrees(radians: number): number {\r\n    if (radians < 0)\r\n      return -Angle.radiansToDegrees(-radians);\r\n    // Now radians is positive ...\r\n    const pi = Math.PI;\r\n    const factor = 180.0 / pi;\r\n    /* the following if statements are for round-off reasons. The problem is that no IEEE number is\r\n      * an exact hit for any primary multiple of pi (90, 180, etc). The following is supposed to have\r\n      * a better chance that if the input was computed by direct assignment from 90, 180, etc degrees\r\n      * it will return exactly 90,180 etc.\r\n      */\r\n    if (radians <= 0.25 * pi)\r\n      return factor * radians;\r\n    if (radians < 0.75 * pi)\r\n      return 90.0 + 180 * ((radians - 0.5 * pi) / pi);\r\n    if (radians <= 1.25 * pi)\r\n      return 180.0 + 180 * ((radians - pi) / pi);\r\n    if (radians <= 1.75 * pi)\r\n      return 270.0 + 180 * ((radians - 1.5 * pi) / pi);\r\n    // all larger radians reference from 360 degrees (2PI)\r\n    return 360.0 + 180 * ((radians - 2.0 * pi) / pi);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return the cosine of this Angle object's angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public cos(): number {\r\n    return Math.cos(this._radians);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return the sine of this Angle object's angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public sin(): number {\r\n    return Math.sin(this._radians);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return the tangent of this Angle object's angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public tan(): number {\r\n    return Math.tan(this._radians);\r\n  }\r\n  /** Test if a radians (absolute) value is nearly 2PI or larger! */\r\n  public static isFullCircleRadians(radians: number): boolean {\r\n    return Math.abs(radians) >= Geometry.fullCircleRadiansMinusSmallAngle;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Test if the radians value is a half circle */\r\n  public static isHalfCircleRadians(radians: number): boolean {\r\n    return Math.abs(Math.abs(radians) - Math.PI) <= Geometry.smallAngleRadians;\r\n  }\r\n  /** test if the angle is a full circle */\r\n  public get isFullCircle(): boolean {\r\n    return Angle.isFullCircleRadians(this._radians);\r\n  }\r\n  /** test if the angle is a half circle (in either direction) */\r\n  public get isHalfCircle(): boolean {\r\n    return Angle.isHalfCircleRadians(this._radians);\r\n  }\r\n  /** Adjust a radians value so it is positive in 0..360 */\r\n  public static adjustDegrees0To360(degrees: number): number {\r\n    if (degrees >= 0) {\r\n      const period = 360.0;\r\n      if (degrees < period)\r\n        return degrees;\r\n      const numPeriods = Math.floor(degrees / period);\r\n      return degrees - numPeriods * period;\r\n    } else if (degrees < 0) {\r\n      // negative angle ...\r\n      const radians = Angle.adjustDegrees0To360(-degrees);\r\n      return 360.0 - radians;\r\n    }\r\n    // fall through for Nan (disaster) !!!\r\n    return 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Adjust a radians value so it is in -180..180 */\r\n  public static adjustDegreesSigned180(degrees: number): number {\r\n    if (Math.abs(degrees) <= 180.0)\r\n      return degrees;\r\n    if (degrees >= 0) {\r\n      const period = 360.0;\r\n      const numPeriods = 1 + Math.floor((degrees - 180.0) / period);\r\n      return degrees - numPeriods * period;\r\n    } else if (degrees < 0) {\r\n      // negative angle ...\r\n      return -Angle.adjustDegreesSigned180(-degrees);\r\n    }\r\n    // fall through for NaN disaster.\r\n    return 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Adjust a radians value so it is positive in 0..2Pi */\r\n  public static adjustRadians0To2Pi(radians: number): number {\r\n    if (radians >= 0) {\r\n      const period = Math.PI * 2.0;\r\n      if (radians < period)\r\n        return radians;\r\n      const numPeriods = Math.floor(radians / period);\r\n      return radians - numPeriods * period;\r\n    } else if (radians < 0) {\r\n      // negative angle ...\r\n      return Math.PI * 2.0 - Angle.adjustRadians0To2Pi(-radians);\r\n    }\r\n    // fall through for NaN disaster.\r\n    return 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Adjust a radians value so it is positive in -PI..PI */\r\n  public static adjustRadiansMinusPiPlusPi(radians: number): number {\r\n    if (Math.abs(radians) <= Math.PI)\r\n      return radians;\r\n    if (radians >= 0) {\r\n      const period = Math.PI * 2.0;\r\n      const numPeriods = 1 + Math.floor((radians - Math.PI) / period);\r\n      return radians - numPeriods * period;\r\n    } else if (radians < 0) {\r\n      // negative angle ...\r\n      return -Angle.adjustRadiansMinusPiPlusPi(-radians);\r\n    }\r\n    // fall through for NaN disaster.\r\n    return 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** return a (newly allocated) Angle object with value 0 radians */\r\n  public static zero(): Angle {\r\n    return new Angle(0);\r\n  }\r\n  /** Test if the angle is exactly zero. */\r\n  public get isExactZero(): boolean {\r\n    return this.radians === 0;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Test if the angle is almost zero (within tolerance `Geometry.smallAngleRadians`) */\r\n  public get isAlmostZero(): boolean {\r\n    return Math.abs(this.radians) < Geometry.smallAngleRadians;\r\n  }\r\n  /** Test if the angle is almost a north or south pole (within tolerance `Geometry.smallAngleRadians`) */\r\n  public get isAlmostNorthOrSouthPole(): boolean {\r\n    return Angle.isHalfCircleRadians(this.radians * 2.0);\r\n  }\r\n  /** Create an angle object with degrees adjusted into 0..360. */\r\n  public static createDegreesAdjustPositive(degrees: number): Angle {\r\n    return Angle.createDegrees(Angle.adjustDegrees0To360(degrees));\r\n  }\r\n  /** Create an angle object with degrees adjusted into -180..180. */\r\n  public static createDegreesAdjustSigned180(degrees: number): Angle {\r\n    return Angle.createDegrees(Angle.adjustDegreesSigned180(degrees));\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if two radians values are equivalent, allowing shift by full circle (i.e. by a multiple of `2*PI`)\r\n   * @param radiansA first radians value\r\n   * @param radiansB second radians value\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public static isAlmostEqualRadiansAllowPeriodShift(radiansA: number, radiansB: number,\r\n    radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    const delta = Math.abs(radiansA - radiansB);\r\n    if (delta <= radianTol)\r\n      return true;\r\n    const period = Math.PI * 2.0;\r\n    if (Math.abs(delta - period) <= radianTol)\r\n      return true;\r\n    const numPeriod = Math.round(delta / period);\r\n    const delta1 = delta - numPeriod * period;\r\n    return Math.abs(delta1) <= radianTol;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if this angle and other are equivalent, allowing shift by full circle (i.e., multiples of `2 * PI`).\r\n   * @param other the other angle\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public isAlmostEqualAllowPeriodShift(other: Angle, radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    return Angle.isAlmostEqualRadiansAllowPeriodShift(this._radians, other._radians, radianTol);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if two angle (in radians)  almost equal, NOT allowing shift by full circle (i.e., multiples of `2 * PI`).\r\n   * @param radiansA first radians value\r\n   * @param radiansB second radians value\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public static isAlmostEqualRadiansNoPeriodShift(radiansA: number, radiansB: number,\r\n    radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    return Math.abs(radiansA - radiansB) < radianTol;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if two this angle and other are almost equal, NOT allowing shift by full circle (i.e., multiples of `2 * PI`).\r\n   * @param other the other angle\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public isAlmostEqualNoPeriodShift(other: Angle, radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    return Angle.isAlmostEqualRadiansNoPeriodShift(this._radians, other._radians, radianTol);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if two this angle and other are almost equal, NOT allowing shift by full circle (i.e., multiples of `2 * PI`).\r\n   * * This function is same as isAlmostEqualRadiansNoPeriodShift. Please use isAlmostEqualRadiansNoPeriodShift.\r\n   * @param other the other angle\r\n   * @param radianTol radian tolerance with default value of Geometry.smallAngleRadians\r\n   */\r\n  public isAlmostEqual(other: Angle, radianTol: number = Geometry.smallAngleRadians): boolean {\r\n    return this.isAlmostEqualNoPeriodShift(other, radianTol);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Test if dot product values indicate non-zero length perpendicular vectors.\r\n   * @param dotUU dot product of vectorU with itself\r\n   * @param dotVV dot product of vectorV with itself\r\n   * @param dotUV dot product of vectorU with vectorV\r\n   */\r\n  public static isPerpendicularDotSet(dotUU: number, dotVV: number, dotUV: number): boolean {\r\n    return dotUU > Geometry.smallMetricDistanceSquared\r\n      && dotVV > Geometry.smallMetricDistanceSquared\r\n      && dotUV * dotUV <= Geometry.smallAngleRadiansSquared * dotUU * dotVV;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Return cosine, sine, and radians for the half angle of a \"cosine,sine\" pair.\r\n   * * This function assumes the input arguments are related to an angle between -PI and PI\r\n   * * This function returns an angle between -PI and PI\r\n   * @param rCos2A cosine value (scaled by radius) for initial angle.\r\n   * @param rSin2A sine value (scaled by radius) for final angle.\r\n   */\r\n  public static trigValuesToHalfAngleTrigValues(rCos2A: number, rSin2A: number): TrigValues {\r\n    const r = Geometry.hypotenuseXY(rCos2A, rSin2A);\r\n    if (r < Geometry.smallMetricDistance) {\r\n      return { c: 1.0, s: 0.0, radians: 0.0 }; // angle = 0\r\n    } else {\r\n      /* If the caller really gave you sine and cosine values, r should be 1.  However,\r\n       * to allow scaled values -- e.g. the x and y components of any vector -- we normalize\r\n       * right here. This adds an extra sqrt and 2 divides to the whole process, but improves\r\n       * both the usefulness and robustness of the computation.\r\n       */\r\n      let cosA;\r\n      let sinA = 0.0;\r\n      const cos2A = rCos2A / r;\r\n      const sin2A = rSin2A / r;\r\n      // Original angle in NE and SE quadrants. Half angle in same quadrant\r\n      if (cos2A >= 0.0) {\r\n        /*\r\n         * We know cos2A = (cosA)^2 - (sinA)^2 and 1 = (cosA)^2 + (sinA)^2\r\n         * so 1 + cos2A = 2(cosA)^2 and therefore, cosA = sqrt((1+cos2A)/2)\r\n         * cosine is positive in NE and SE quadrants so we use +sqrt\r\n         */\r\n        cosA = Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 + cos2A));\r\n        // We know sin2A = 2 sinA cosA so sinA = sin2A/(2*cosA)\r\n        sinA = sin2A / (2.0 * cosA);\r\n      } else {\r\n        // Original angle in NW quadrant. Half angle in NE quadrant\r\n        if (sin2A > 0.0) {\r\n          /*\r\n           * We know cos2A = (cosA)^2 - (sinA)^2 and 1 = (cosA)^2 + (sinA)^2\r\n           * so 1 - cos2A = 2(sinA)^2 and therefore, sinA = sqrt((1-cos2A)/2)\r\n           * sine is positive in NE quadrant so we use +sqrt\r\n           */\r\n          sinA = Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 - cos2A));\r\n          // Original angle in SW quadrant. Half angle in SE quadrant\r\n        } else {\r\n          // sine is negative in SE quadrant so we use -sqrt\r\n          sinA = -Math.sqrt(0.5 * (1.0 - cos2A));\r\n        }\r\n        // We know sin2A = 2 sinA cosA so cosA = sin2A/(2*sinA)\r\n        cosA = sin2A / (2.0 * sinA); // always positive\r\n      }\r\n      return { c: cosA, s: sinA, radians: Math.atan2(sinA, cosA) };\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n  /** If value is close to -1, -0.5, 0, 0.5, 1, adjust it to the exact value. */\r\n  public static cleanupTrigValue(value: number, tolerance: number = 1.0e-15): number {\r\n    const absValue = Math.abs(value);\r\n    if (absValue <= tolerance)\r\n      return 0;\r\n    let a = Math.abs(absValue - 0.5);\r\n    if (a <= tolerance)\r\n      return value < 0.0 ? -0.5 : 0.5;\r\n    a = Math.abs(absValue - 1.0);\r\n    if (a <= tolerance)\r\n      return value < 0.0 ? -1.0 : 1.0;\r\n    return value;\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n     * Return the half angle cosine, sine, and radians for given dot products between vectors. The vectors define\r\n     * an ellipse using x(t) = c + U cos(t) + V sin(t) so U and V are at angle t=0 degree and t=90 degree. The\r\n     * half angle t0 is an angle such that x(t0) is one of the ellipse semi-axis.\r\n     * * This construction arises e.g. in `Arc3d.toScaledMatrix3d`.\r\n     * * Given ellipse x(t) = c + U cos(t) + V sin(t), find t0 such that radial vector W(t0) = x(t0) - c is\r\n     * perpendicular to the ellipse.\r\n     * * Then 0 = W(t0).x'(t0) = (U cos(t0) + V sin(t0)).(V cos(t0) - U sin(t0)) = U.V cos(2t0) + 0.5 (V.V - U.U) sin(2t0)\r\n     * implies sin(2t0) / cos(2t0) = 2 U.V / (U.U - V.V), i.e., t0 can be computed given the three dot products on the RHS.\r\n     * @param dotUU dot product of vectorU with itself\r\n     * @param dotVV dot product of vectorV with itself\r\n     * @param dotUV dot product of vectorU with vectorV\r\n     */\r\n  public static dotProductsToHalfAngleTrigValues(dotUU: number, dotVV: number, dotUV: number, favorZero: boolean = true): TrigValues {\r\n    const cos2t0 = dotUU - dotVV;\r\n    const sin2t0 = 2.0 * dotUV;\r\n    if (favorZero && Math.abs(sin2t0) < Geometry.smallAngleRadians * (Math.abs(dotUU) + Math.abs(dotVV)))\r\n      return { c: 1.0, s: 0.0, radians: 0.0 };\r\n    return Angle.trigValuesToHalfAngleTrigValues(cos2t0, sin2t0);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * * Returns the angle between two vectors, with the vectors given as xyz components\r\n   * * The returned angle is between 0 and PI\r\n   *\r\n   * @param ux x component of vector u\r\n   * @param uy y component of vector u\r\n   * @param uz z component of vector u\r\n   * @param vx x component of vector v\r\n   * @param vy y component of vector v\r\n   * @param vz z component of vector v\r\n   */\r\n  public static radiansBetweenVectorsXYZ(ux: number, uy: number, uz: number, vx: number, vy: number, vz: number): number {\r\n    const uDotV = ux * vx + uy * vy + uz * vz;\r\n    return Math.atan2(Geometry.crossProductMagnitude(ux, uy, uz, vx, vy, vz), uDotV);\r\n  }\r\n  /**\r\n   * Add a multiple of a full circle angle (360 degrees, 2PI) in place.\r\n   * @param multiple multiplier factor\r\n   */\r\n  public addMultipleOf2PiInPlace(multiple: number) {\r\n    if (this._degrees !== undefined) {\r\n      this._degrees += multiple * 360.0;\r\n      this._radians = Angle.degreesToRadians(this._degrees);\r\n    } else {\r\n      this._radians += multiple * Angle.pi2Radians;\r\n    }\r\n  }\r\n}\r\n"]}