@itwin/core-common 3.6.0-dev.7 → 3.6.0

package/lib/esm/geometry/Cartographic.js

@@ -1,341 +1,341 @@
-/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-* Copyright (c) Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All rights reserved.
-* See LICENSE.md in the project root for license terms and full copyright notice.
-*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/** @packageDocumentation
- * @module Geometry
- */
-import { Angle, Constant, Point3d, Range1d, Range2d, Vector3d } from "@itwin/core-geometry";
-import { assert } from "@itwin/core-bentley";
-/** A position on the earth defined by longitude, latitude, and height above the [WGS84](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Geodetic_System) ellipsoid.
- * @public
- */
-export class Cartographic {
-    /**
-     * @param longitude longitude, in radians.
-     * @param latitude latitude, in radians.
-     * @param height The height, in meters, above the ellipsoid.
-     */
-    constructor(longitude = 0, latitude = 0, height = 0) {
-        this.longitude = longitude;
-        this.latitude = latitude;
-        this.height = height;
-    }
-    /** Create a Cartographic object with longitude, latitude, and height of zero. */
-    static createZero() {
-        return new Cartographic(0, 0, 0);
-    }
-    /** Create a new Cartographic from longitude and latitude specified in radians.
-     * @param args an object containing a longitude, latitude, and an optional height property. The longitude and latitude properties are numbers specified in radians. The height property, if specified, is a number which contains the height in meters above the ellipsoid; if undefined, this height will default to zero.
-     * @param result The object onto which to store the result.
-     */
-    static fromRadians(args, result) {
-        if (!result)
-            return new Cartographic(args.longitude, args.latitude, args.height);
-        result.longitude = args.longitude;
-        result.latitude = args.latitude;
-        result.height = args.height !== undefined ? args.height : 0;
-        return result;
-    }
-    /** Create a JSON representation of a Cartographic object. */
-    toJSON() {
-        return {
-            latitude: this.latitude,
-            longitude: this.longitude,
-            height: this.height,
-        };
-    }
-    /** Freeze this Cartographic */
-    freeze() {
-        return Object.freeze(this);
-    }
-    /** longitude, in degrees */
-    get longitudeDegrees() {
-        return Angle.radiansToDegrees(this.longitude);
-    }
-    /** latitude, in degrees */
-    get latitudeDegrees() {
-        return Angle.radiansToDegrees(this.latitude);
-    }
-    /** return the geocentric latitude angle for the input geodetic latitude angle (both in radians).
-     * @param geodeticLatitude geodetic latitude angle in radians
-     */
-    static geocentricLatitudeFromGeodeticLatitude(geodeticLatitude) {
-        return Math.atan(Cartographic._oneMinusF * Cartographic._oneMinusF * Math.tan(geodeticLatitude));
-    }
-    /** return the parametric latitude angle for the input geodetic latitude angle (both in radians).  The parametric latitude
-     * is appropriate for input to the Ellipsoid methods.
-     * @param geodeticLatitude geodetic latitude angle in radians
-     */
-    static parametricLatitudeFromGeodeticLatitude(geodeticLatitude) {
-        return Math.atan(Cartographic._oneMinusF * Cartographic._oneMinusF * Cartographic._equatorOverPolar * Math.tan(geodeticLatitude));
-    }
-    /** Create a new Cartographic from longitude and latitude specified in degrees. The values in the resulting object will be in radians.
-     * @param args an object containing a longitude, latitude, and an optional height property. The longitude and latitude properties are numbers specified in degrees. The height property, if specified, is a number which contains the height in meters above the ellipsoid; if undefined, this height will default to zero.
-     * @param result The object onto which to store the result.
-     */
-    static fromDegrees(args, result) {
-        return Cartographic.fromRadians({ longitude: Angle.degreesToRadians(args.longitude), latitude: Angle.degreesToRadians(args.latitude), height: args.height }, result);
-    }
-    /** Create a new Cartographic from longitude and latitude in [Angle]($geometry)s. The values in the resulting object will be in radians.
-     * @param args an object containing a longitude, latitude, and an optional height property. The longitude and latitude properties are Angle objects. The height property, if specified, is a number which contains the height in meters above the ellipsoid; if undefined, this height will default to zero.
-     * @param result The object into which to store the result (optional)
-     */
-    static fromAngles(args, result) {
-        return Cartographic.fromRadians({ longitude: args.longitude.radians, latitude: args.latitude.radians, height: args.height }, result);
-    }
-    /** Creates a new Cartographic from an [ECEF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECEF) position.
-     * @param cartesian The position, in ECEF, to convert to cartographic representation.
-     * @param [result] The object onto which to store the result.
-     * @returns The modified result parameter, new Cartographic instance if none was provided, or undefined if the cartesian is at the center of the ellipsoid.
-     */
-    static fromEcef(cartesian, result) {
-        const oneOverRadiiSquared = Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadiiSquared;
-        const p = Cartographic.scalePointToGeodeticSurface(cartesian, Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicP);
-        if (!p)
-            return undefined;
-        const n = Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicN;
-        Cartographic.multiplyComponents(p, oneOverRadiiSquared, n);
-        Cartographic.normalize(n, n);
-        const h = p.vectorTo(cartesian, Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicH);
-        const longitude = Math.atan2(n.y, n.x);
-        const latitude = Math.asin(n.z);
-        const height = Math.sign(h.dotProduct(cartesian)) * h.magnitude();
-        if (!result)
-            return new Cartographic(longitude, latitude, height);
-        result.longitude = longitude;
-        result.latitude = latitude;
-        result.height = height;
-        return result;
-    }
-    /** Scale point to geodetic surface
-     * @param point in ECEF to scale to the surface
-     * @param [result] The object onto which to store the result.
-     * @returns a point on the geodetic surface
-     */
-    static scalePointToGeodeticSurface(point, result) {
-        const oneOverRadii = Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadii;
-        const oneOverRadiiSquared = Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadiiSquared;
-        const centerToleranceSquared = Cartographic._wgs84CenterToleranceSquared;
-        return Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurface(point, oneOverRadii, oneOverRadiiSquared, centerToleranceSquared, result);
-    }
-    /** Duplicates a Cartographic. */
-    clone(result) {
-        if (!result)
-            return new Cartographic(this.longitude, this.latitude, this.height);
-        result.longitude = this.longitude;
-        result.latitude = this.latitude;
-        result.height = this.height;
-        return result;
-    }
-    /** Return true if this Cartographic is the same as right */
-    equals(right) {
-        return (this === right) ||
-            ((this.longitude === right.longitude) &&
-                (this.latitude === right.latitude) &&
-                (this.height === right.height));
-    }
-    /** Compares this Cartographic component-wise and returns true if they are within the provided epsilon, */
-    equalsEpsilon(right, epsilon) {
-        return (this === right) ||
-            ((Math.abs(this.longitude - right.longitude) <= epsilon) &&
-                (Math.abs(this.latitude - right.latitude) <= epsilon) &&
-                (Math.abs(this.height - right.height) <= epsilon));
-    }
-    static normalize(cartesian, result) {
-        const magnitude = cartesian.magnitude();
-        result.x = cartesian.x / magnitude;
-        result.y = cartesian.y / magnitude;
-        result.z = cartesian.z / magnitude;
-    }
-    static multiplyComponents(left, right, result) {
-        result.x = left.x * right.x;
-        result.y = left.y * right.y;
-        result.z = left.z * right.z;
-    }
-    static scalePoint(cartesian, scalar, result) {
-        result.x = cartesian.x * scalar;
-        result.y = cartesian.y * scalar;
-        result.z = cartesian.z * scalar;
-    }
-    static addPoints(left, right, result) {
-        result.x = left.x + right.x;
-        result.y = left.y + right.y;
-        result.z = left.z + right.z;
-    }
-    /** Create a string representing this cartographic in the format '(longitude, latitude, height)'. */
-    toString() { return `(${this.longitude}, ${this.latitude}, ${this.height})`; }
-    static _scaleToGeodeticSurface(cartesian, oneOverRadii, oneOverRadiiSquared, centerToleranceSquared, result) {
-        const positionX = cartesian.x;
-        const positionY = cartesian.y;
-        const positionZ = cartesian.z;
-        const oneOverRadiiX = oneOverRadii.x;
-        const oneOverRadiiY = oneOverRadii.y;
-        const oneOverRadiiZ = oneOverRadii.z;
-        const x2 = positionX * positionX * oneOverRadiiX * oneOverRadiiX;
-        const y2 = positionY * positionY * oneOverRadiiY * oneOverRadiiY;
-        const z2 = positionZ * positionZ * oneOverRadiiZ * oneOverRadiiZ;
-        // Compute the squared ellipsoid norm.
-        const squaredNorm = x2 + y2 + z2;
-        const ratio = Math.sqrt(1.0 / squaredNorm);
-        // As an initial approximation, assume that the radial intersection is the projection point.
-        const intersection = Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurfaceIntersection;
-        Cartographic.scalePoint(cartesian, ratio, intersection);
-        // If the position is near the center, the iteration will not converge.
-        if (squaredNorm < centerToleranceSquared) {
-            return !isFinite(ratio) ? undefined : Point3d.createFrom(intersection, result);
-        }
-        const oneOverRadiiSquaredX = oneOverRadiiSquared.x;
-        const oneOverRadiiSquaredY = oneOverRadiiSquared.y;
-        const oneOverRadiiSquaredZ = oneOverRadiiSquared.z;
-        // Use the gradient at the intersection point in place of the true unit normal.
-        // The difference in magnitude will be absorbed in the multiplier.
-        const gradient = Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurfaceGradient;
-        gradient.x = intersection.x * oneOverRadiiSquaredX * 2.0;
-        gradient.y = intersection.y * oneOverRadiiSquaredY * 2.0;
-        gradient.z = intersection.z * oneOverRadiiSquaredZ * 2.0;
-        // Compute the initial guess at the normal vector multiplier, lambda.
-        let lambda = (1.0 - ratio) * cartesian.magnitude() / (0.5 * gradient.magnitude());
-        let correction = 0.0;
-        let func;
-        let denominator;
-        let xMultiplier;
-        let yMultiplier;
-        let zMultiplier;
-        let xMultiplier2;
-        let yMultiplier2;
-        let zMultiplier2;
-        let xMultiplier3;
-        let yMultiplier3;
-        let zMultiplier3;
-        do {
-            lambda -= correction;
-            xMultiplier = 1.0 / (1.0 + lambda * oneOverRadiiSquaredX);
-            yMultiplier = 1.0 / (1.0 + lambda * oneOverRadiiSquaredY);
-            zMultiplier = 1.0 / (1.0 + lambda * oneOverRadiiSquaredZ);
-            xMultiplier2 = xMultiplier * xMultiplier;
-            yMultiplier2 = yMultiplier * yMultiplier;
-            zMultiplier2 = zMultiplier * zMultiplier;
-            xMultiplier3 = xMultiplier2 * xMultiplier;
-            yMultiplier3 = yMultiplier2 * yMultiplier;
-            zMultiplier3 = zMultiplier2 * zMultiplier;
-            func = x2 * xMultiplier2 + y2 * yMultiplier2 + z2 * zMultiplier2 - 1.0;
-            // "denominator" here refers to the use of this expression in the velocity and acceleration
-            // computations in the sections to follow.
-            denominator = x2 * xMultiplier3 * oneOverRadiiSquaredX + y2 * yMultiplier3 * oneOverRadiiSquaredY + z2 * zMultiplier3 * oneOverRadiiSquaredZ;
-            const derivative = -2.0 * denominator;
-            correction = func / derivative;
-        } while (Math.abs(func) > 0.01);
-        if (!result)
-            return new Point3d(positionX * xMultiplier, positionY * yMultiplier, positionZ * zMultiplier);
-        result.x = positionX * xMultiplier;
-        result.y = positionY * yMultiplier;
-        result.z = positionZ * zMultiplier;
-        return result;
-    }
-    /** Return an ECEF point from a Cartographic point */
-    toEcef(result) {
-        const cosLatitude = Math.cos(this.latitude);
-        const scratchN = Cartographic._scratchN;
-        const scratchK = Cartographic._scratchK;
-        scratchN.x = cosLatitude * Math.cos(this.longitude);
-        scratchN.y = cosLatitude * Math.sin(this.longitude);
-        scratchN.z = Math.sin(this.latitude);
-        Cartographic.normalize(scratchN, scratchN);
-        Cartographic.multiplyComponents(Cartographic._wgs84RadiiSquared, scratchN, scratchK);
-        const gamma = Math.sqrt(scratchN.dotProduct(scratchK));
-        Cartographic.scalePoint(scratchK, 1.0 / gamma, scratchK);
-        Cartographic.scalePoint(scratchN, this.height, scratchN);
-        result = result ? result : new Point3d();
-        Cartographic.addPoints(scratchK, scratchN, result);
-        return result;
-    }
-}
-Cartographic._oneMinusF = 1 - (Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.equator - Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.polar) / Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.equator;
-Cartographic._equatorOverPolar = Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.equator / Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.polar;
-Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicN = new Point3d();
-Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicP = new Point3d();
-Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicH = new Vector3d();
-Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadii = new Point3d(1.0 / 6378137.0, 1.0 / 6378137.0, 1.0 / 6356752.3142451793);
-Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadiiSquared = new Point3d(1.0 / (6378137.0 * 6378137.0), 1.0 / (6378137.0 * 6378137.0), 1.0 / (6356752.3142451793 * 6356752.3142451793));
-Cartographic._wgs84RadiiSquared = new Point3d(6378137.0 * 6378137.0, 6378137.0 * 6378137.0, 6356752.3142451793 * 6356752.3142451793);
-Cartographic._wgs84CenterToleranceSquared = 0.1;
-Cartographic._scratchN = new Vector3d();
-Cartographic._scratchK = new Vector3d();
-Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurfaceIntersection = new Point3d();
-Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurfaceGradient = new Point3d();
-/** A cartographic range representing a rectangular region if low longitude/latitude > high then area crossing seam is indicated.
- * @public
- */
-export class CartographicRange {
-    constructor(spatialRange, spatialToEcef) {
-        this._ranges = [];
-        // These following are used to preserve the min/max latitude and longitudes.
-        // The longitudes are raw values and may cross over the -PI or 2PI boundaries.
-        this._minLongitude = 0;
-        this._maxLongitude = 0;
-        this._minLatitude = 0;
-        this._maxLatitude = 0;
-        // Compute 8 corners in spatial coordinate system before converting to ECEF
-        // We want a box oriented in the spatial coordinate system and not in the ECEF coordinate system
-        const spatialCorners = spatialRange.corners();
-        const ecefCorners = spatialToEcef.multiplyPoint3dArray(spatialCorners);
-        let low, high;
-        for (const ecefCorner of ecefCorners) {
-            const geoPt = Cartographic.fromEcef(ecefCorner);
-            if (!geoPt)
-                continue;
-            if (undefined === low || undefined === high) {
-                low = geoPt;
-                high = geoPt.clone();
-                continue;
-            }
-            low.latitude = Math.min(low.latitude, geoPt.latitude);
-            low.longitude = Math.min(low.longitude, geoPt.longitude);
-            high.latitude = Math.max(high.latitude, geoPt.latitude);
-            high.longitude = Math.max(high.longitude, geoPt.longitude);
-        }
-        if (!low || !high) {
-            assert(false);
-            return;
-        }
-        const longitudeRanges = [];
-        this._minLongitude = Math.min(low.longitude, high.longitude), this._maxLongitude = Math.max(low.longitude, high.longitude);
-        if (this._maxLongitude - this._minLongitude > Angle.piRadians) {
-            longitudeRanges.push(Range1d.createXX(0.0, this._minLongitude));
-            longitudeRanges.push(Range1d.createXX(this._maxLongitude, Angle.pi2Radians));
-        }
-        else {
-            longitudeRanges.push(Range1d.createXX(this._minLongitude, this._maxLongitude));
-        }
-        for (const longitudeRange of longitudeRanges) {
-            this._minLatitude = Math.min(low.latitude, high.latitude), this._maxLatitude = Math.max(low.latitude, high.latitude);
-            if (this._maxLatitude - this._minLatitude > Angle.piOver2Radians) {
-                this._ranges.push(Range2d.createXYXY(longitudeRange.low, 0.0, longitudeRange.high, this._minLatitude));
-                this._ranges.push(Range2d.createXYXY(longitudeRange.low, this._maxLatitude, longitudeRange.high, Angle.piRadians));
-            }
-            else {
-                this._ranges.push(Range2d.createXYXY(longitudeRange.low, this._minLatitude, longitudeRange.high, this._maxLatitude));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    intersectsRange(other) {
-        for (const range of this._ranges)
-            for (const otherRange of other._ranges)
-                if (range.intersectsRange(otherRange))
-                    return true;
-        return false;
-    }
-    /** This method returns the raw latitude / longitude for the range in a Range2d object.
-     * The X value represents the longitude and the Y value the latitudes.
-     * Y values are kept between -PI and +PI while
-     * longitude values can be expressed in any range between -2PI to +2PI
-     * given the minimum longitude is always smaller numerically than the maximum longitude.
-     * Note that usually the longitudes are usually by convention in the range of -PI to PI except
-     * for ranges that overlap the -PI/+PI frontier in which case either representation is acceptable.
-     */
-    getLongitudeLatitudeBoundingBox() {
-        return Range2d.createXYXY(this._minLongitude, this._minLatitude, this._maxLongitude, this._maxLatitude);
-    }
-}
+/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+* Copyright (c) Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All rights reserved.
+* See LICENSE.md in the project root for license terms and full copyright notice.
+*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/** @packageDocumentation
+ * @module Geometry
+ */
+import { Angle, Constant, Point3d, Range1d, Range2d, Vector3d } from "@itwin/core-geometry";
+import { assert } from "@itwin/core-bentley";
+/** A position on the earth defined by longitude, latitude, and height above the [WGS84](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Geodetic_System) ellipsoid.
+ * @public
+ */
+export class Cartographic {
+    /**
+     * @param longitude longitude, in radians.
+     * @param latitude latitude, in radians.
+     * @param height The height, in meters, above the ellipsoid.
+     */
+    constructor(longitude = 0, latitude = 0, height = 0) {
+        this.longitude = longitude;
+        this.latitude = latitude;
+        this.height = height;
+    }
+    /** Create a Cartographic object with longitude, latitude, and height of zero. */
+    static createZero() {
+        return new Cartographic(0, 0, 0);
+    }
+    /** Create a new Cartographic from longitude and latitude specified in radians.
+     * @param args an object containing a longitude, latitude, and an optional height property. The longitude and latitude properties are numbers specified in radians. The height property, if specified, is a number which contains the height in meters above the ellipsoid; if undefined, this height will default to zero.
+     * @param result The object onto which to store the result.
+     */
+    static fromRadians(args, result) {
+        if (!result)
+            return new Cartographic(args.longitude, args.latitude, args.height);
+        result.longitude = args.longitude;
+        result.latitude = args.latitude;
+        result.height = args.height !== undefined ? args.height : 0;
+        return result;
+    }
+    /** Create a JSON representation of a Cartographic object. */
+    toJSON() {
+        return {
+            latitude: this.latitude,
+            longitude: this.longitude,
+            height: this.height,
+        };
+    }
+    /** Freeze this Cartographic */
+    freeze() {
+        return Object.freeze(this);
+    }
+    /** longitude, in degrees */
+    get longitudeDegrees() {
+        return Angle.radiansToDegrees(this.longitude);
+    }
+    /** latitude, in degrees */
+    get latitudeDegrees() {
+        return Angle.radiansToDegrees(this.latitude);
+    }
+    /** return the geocentric latitude angle for the input geodetic latitude angle (both in radians).
+     * @param geodeticLatitude geodetic latitude angle in radians
+     */
+    static geocentricLatitudeFromGeodeticLatitude(geodeticLatitude) {
+        return Math.atan(Cartographic._oneMinusF * Cartographic._oneMinusF * Math.tan(geodeticLatitude));
+    }
+    /** return the parametric latitude angle for the input geodetic latitude angle (both in radians).  The parametric latitude
+     * is appropriate for input to the Ellipsoid methods.
+     * @param geodeticLatitude geodetic latitude angle in radians
+     */
+    static parametricLatitudeFromGeodeticLatitude(geodeticLatitude) {
+        return Math.atan(Cartographic._oneMinusF * Cartographic._oneMinusF * Cartographic._equatorOverPolar * Math.tan(geodeticLatitude));
+    }
+    /** Create a new Cartographic from longitude and latitude specified in degrees. The values in the resulting object will be in radians.
+     * @param args an object containing a longitude, latitude, and an optional height property. The longitude and latitude properties are numbers specified in degrees. The height property, if specified, is a number which contains the height in meters above the ellipsoid; if undefined, this height will default to zero.
+     * @param result The object onto which to store the result.
+     */
+    static fromDegrees(args, result) {
+        return Cartographic.fromRadians({ longitude: Angle.degreesToRadians(args.longitude), latitude: Angle.degreesToRadians(args.latitude), height: args.height }, result);
+    }
+    /** Create a new Cartographic from longitude and latitude in [Angle]($geometry)s. The values in the resulting object will be in radians.
+     * @param args an object containing a longitude, latitude, and an optional height property. The longitude and latitude properties are Angle objects. The height property, if specified, is a number which contains the height in meters above the ellipsoid; if undefined, this height will default to zero.
+     * @param result The object into which to store the result (optional)
+     */
+    static fromAngles(args, result) {
+        return Cartographic.fromRadians({ longitude: args.longitude.radians, latitude: args.latitude.radians, height: args.height }, result);
+    }
+    /** Creates a new Cartographic from an [ECEF](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECEF) position.
+     * @param cartesian The position, in ECEF, to convert to cartographic representation.
+     * @param [result] The object onto which to store the result.
+     * @returns The modified result parameter, new Cartographic instance if none was provided, or undefined if the cartesian is at the center of the ellipsoid.
+     */
+    static fromEcef(cartesian, result) {
+        const oneOverRadiiSquared = Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadiiSquared;
+        const p = Cartographic.scalePointToGeodeticSurface(cartesian, Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicP);
+        if (!p)
+            return undefined;
+        const n = Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicN;
+        Cartographic.multiplyComponents(p, oneOverRadiiSquared, n);
+        Cartographic.normalize(n, n);
+        const h = p.vectorTo(cartesian, Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicH);
+        const longitude = Math.atan2(n.y, n.x);
+        const latitude = Math.asin(n.z);
+        const height = Math.sign(h.dotProduct(cartesian)) * h.magnitude();
+        if (!result)
+            return new Cartographic(longitude, latitude, height);
+        result.longitude = longitude;
+        result.latitude = latitude;
+        result.height = height;
+        return result;
+    }
+    /** Scale point to geodetic surface
+     * @param point in ECEF to scale to the surface
+     * @param [result] The object onto which to store the result.
+     * @returns a point on the geodetic surface
+     */
+    static scalePointToGeodeticSurface(point, result) {
+        const oneOverRadii = Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadii;
+        const oneOverRadiiSquared = Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadiiSquared;
+        const centerToleranceSquared = Cartographic._wgs84CenterToleranceSquared;
+        return Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurface(point, oneOverRadii, oneOverRadiiSquared, centerToleranceSquared, result);
+    }
+    /** Duplicates a Cartographic. */
+    clone(result) {
+        if (!result)
+            return new Cartographic(this.longitude, this.latitude, this.height);
+        result.longitude = this.longitude;
+        result.latitude = this.latitude;
+        result.height = this.height;
+        return result;
+    }
+    /** Return true if this Cartographic is the same as right */
+    equals(right) {
+        return (this === right) ||
+            ((this.longitude === right.longitude) &&
+                (this.latitude === right.latitude) &&
+                (this.height === right.height));
+    }
+    /** Compares this Cartographic component-wise and returns true if they are within the provided epsilon, */
+    equalsEpsilon(right, epsilon) {
+        return (this === right) ||
+            ((Math.abs(this.longitude - right.longitude) <= epsilon) &&
+                (Math.abs(this.latitude - right.latitude) <= epsilon) &&
+                (Math.abs(this.height - right.height) <= epsilon));
+    }
+    static normalize(cartesian, result) {
+        const magnitude = cartesian.magnitude();
+        result.x = cartesian.x / magnitude;
+        result.y = cartesian.y / magnitude;
+        result.z = cartesian.z / magnitude;
+    }
+    static multiplyComponents(left, right, result) {
+        result.x = left.x * right.x;
+        result.y = left.y * right.y;
+        result.z = left.z * right.z;
+    }
+    static scalePoint(cartesian, scalar, result) {
+        result.x = cartesian.x * scalar;
+        result.y = cartesian.y * scalar;
+        result.z = cartesian.z * scalar;
+    }
+    static addPoints(left, right, result) {
+        result.x = left.x + right.x;
+        result.y = left.y + right.y;
+        result.z = left.z + right.z;
+    }
+    /** Create a string representing this cartographic in the format '(longitude, latitude, height)'. */
+    toString() { return `(${this.longitude}, ${this.latitude}, ${this.height})`; }
+    static _scaleToGeodeticSurface(cartesian, oneOverRadii, oneOverRadiiSquared, centerToleranceSquared, result) {
+        const positionX = cartesian.x;
+        const positionY = cartesian.y;
+        const positionZ = cartesian.z;
+        const oneOverRadiiX = oneOverRadii.x;
+        const oneOverRadiiY = oneOverRadii.y;
+        const oneOverRadiiZ = oneOverRadii.z;
+        const x2 = positionX * positionX * oneOverRadiiX * oneOverRadiiX;
+        const y2 = positionY * positionY * oneOverRadiiY * oneOverRadiiY;
+        const z2 = positionZ * positionZ * oneOverRadiiZ * oneOverRadiiZ;
+        // Compute the squared ellipsoid norm.
+        const squaredNorm = x2 + y2 + z2;
+        const ratio = Math.sqrt(1.0 / squaredNorm);
+        // As an initial approximation, assume that the radial intersection is the projection point.
+        const intersection = Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurfaceIntersection;
+        Cartographic.scalePoint(cartesian, ratio, intersection);
+        // If the position is near the center, the iteration will not converge.
+        if (squaredNorm < centerToleranceSquared) {
+            return !isFinite(ratio) ? undefined : Point3d.createFrom(intersection, result);
+        }
+        const oneOverRadiiSquaredX = oneOverRadiiSquared.x;
+        const oneOverRadiiSquaredY = oneOverRadiiSquared.y;
+        const oneOverRadiiSquaredZ = oneOverRadiiSquared.z;
+        // Use the gradient at the intersection point in place of the true unit normal.
+        // The difference in magnitude will be absorbed in the multiplier.
+        const gradient = Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurfaceGradient;
+        gradient.x = intersection.x * oneOverRadiiSquaredX * 2.0;
+        gradient.y = intersection.y * oneOverRadiiSquaredY * 2.0;
+        gradient.z = intersection.z * oneOverRadiiSquaredZ * 2.0;
+        // Compute the initial guess at the normal vector multiplier, lambda.
+        let lambda = (1.0 - ratio) * cartesian.magnitude() / (0.5 * gradient.magnitude());
+        let correction = 0.0;
+        let func;
+        let denominator;
+        let xMultiplier;
+        let yMultiplier;
+        let zMultiplier;
+        let xMultiplier2;
+        let yMultiplier2;
+        let zMultiplier2;
+        let xMultiplier3;
+        let yMultiplier3;
+        let zMultiplier3;
+        do {
+            lambda -= correction;
+            xMultiplier = 1.0 / (1.0 + lambda * oneOverRadiiSquaredX);
+            yMultiplier = 1.0 / (1.0 + lambda * oneOverRadiiSquaredY);
+            zMultiplier = 1.0 / (1.0 + lambda * oneOverRadiiSquaredZ);
+            xMultiplier2 = xMultiplier * xMultiplier;
+            yMultiplier2 = yMultiplier * yMultiplier;
+            zMultiplier2 = zMultiplier * zMultiplier;
+            xMultiplier3 = xMultiplier2 * xMultiplier;
+            yMultiplier3 = yMultiplier2 * yMultiplier;
+            zMultiplier3 = zMultiplier2 * zMultiplier;
+            func = x2 * xMultiplier2 + y2 * yMultiplier2 + z2 * zMultiplier2 - 1.0;
+            // "denominator" here refers to the use of this expression in the velocity and acceleration
+            // computations in the sections to follow.
+            denominator = x2 * xMultiplier3 * oneOverRadiiSquaredX + y2 * yMultiplier3 * oneOverRadiiSquaredY + z2 * zMultiplier3 * oneOverRadiiSquaredZ;
+            const derivative = -2.0 * denominator;
+            correction = func / derivative;
+        } while (Math.abs(func) > 0.01);
+        if (!result)
+            return new Point3d(positionX * xMultiplier, positionY * yMultiplier, positionZ * zMultiplier);
+        result.x = positionX * xMultiplier;
+        result.y = positionY * yMultiplier;
+        result.z = positionZ * zMultiplier;
+        return result;
+    }
+    /** Return an ECEF point from a Cartographic point */
+    toEcef(result) {
+        const cosLatitude = Math.cos(this.latitude);
+        const scratchN = Cartographic._scratchN;
+        const scratchK = Cartographic._scratchK;
+        scratchN.x = cosLatitude * Math.cos(this.longitude);
+        scratchN.y = cosLatitude * Math.sin(this.longitude);
+        scratchN.z = Math.sin(this.latitude);
+        Cartographic.normalize(scratchN, scratchN);
+        Cartographic.multiplyComponents(Cartographic._wgs84RadiiSquared, scratchN, scratchK);
+        const gamma = Math.sqrt(scratchN.dotProduct(scratchK));
+        Cartographic.scalePoint(scratchK, 1.0 / gamma, scratchK);
+        Cartographic.scalePoint(scratchN, this.height, scratchN);
+        result = result ? result : new Point3d();
+        Cartographic.addPoints(scratchK, scratchN, result);
+        return result;
+    }
+}
+Cartographic._oneMinusF = 1 - (Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.equator - Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.polar) / Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.equator;
+Cartographic._equatorOverPolar = Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.equator / Constant.earthRadiusWGS84.polar;
+Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicN = new Point3d();
+Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicP = new Point3d();
+Cartographic._cartesianToCartographicH = new Vector3d();
+Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadii = new Point3d(1.0 / 6378137.0, 1.0 / 6378137.0, 1.0 / 6356752.3142451793);
+Cartographic._wgs84OneOverRadiiSquared = new Point3d(1.0 / (6378137.0 * 6378137.0), 1.0 / (6378137.0 * 6378137.0), 1.0 / (6356752.3142451793 * 6356752.3142451793));
+Cartographic._wgs84RadiiSquared = new Point3d(6378137.0 * 6378137.0, 6378137.0 * 6378137.0, 6356752.3142451793 * 6356752.3142451793);
+Cartographic._wgs84CenterToleranceSquared = 0.1;
+Cartographic._scratchN = new Vector3d();
+Cartographic._scratchK = new Vector3d();
+Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurfaceIntersection = new Point3d();
+Cartographic._scaleToGeodeticSurfaceGradient = new Point3d();
+/** A cartographic range representing a rectangular region if low longitude/latitude > high then area crossing seam is indicated.
+ * @public
+ */
+export class CartographicRange {
+    constructor(spatialRange, spatialToEcef) {
+        this._ranges = [];
+        // These following are used to preserve the min/max latitude and longitudes.
+        // The longitudes are raw values and may cross over the -PI or 2PI boundaries.
+        this._minLongitude = 0;
+        this._maxLongitude = 0;
+        this._minLatitude = 0;
+        this._maxLatitude = 0;
+        // Compute 8 corners in spatial coordinate system before converting to ECEF
+        // We want a box oriented in the spatial coordinate system and not in the ECEF coordinate system
+        const spatialCorners = spatialRange.corners();
+        const ecefCorners = spatialToEcef.multiplyPoint3dArray(spatialCorners);
+        let low, high;
+        for (const ecefCorner of ecefCorners) {
+            const geoPt = Cartographic.fromEcef(ecefCorner);
+            if (!geoPt)
+                continue;
+            if (undefined === low || undefined === high) {
+                low = geoPt;
+                high = geoPt.clone();
+                continue;
+            }
+            low.latitude = Math.min(low.latitude, geoPt.latitude);
+            low.longitude = Math.min(low.longitude, geoPt.longitude);
+            high.latitude = Math.max(high.latitude, geoPt.latitude);
+            high.longitude = Math.max(high.longitude, geoPt.longitude);
+        }
+        if (!low || !high) {
+            assert(false);
+            return;
+        }
+        const longitudeRanges = [];
+        this._minLongitude = Math.min(low.longitude, high.longitude), this._maxLongitude = Math.max(low.longitude, high.longitude);
+        if (this._maxLongitude - this._minLongitude > Angle.piRadians) {
+            longitudeRanges.push(Range1d.createXX(0.0, this._minLongitude));
+            longitudeRanges.push(Range1d.createXX(this._maxLongitude, Angle.pi2Radians));
+        }
+        else {
+            longitudeRanges.push(Range1d.createXX(this._minLongitude, this._maxLongitude));
+        }
+        for (const longitudeRange of longitudeRanges) {
+            this._minLatitude = Math.min(low.latitude, high.latitude), this._maxLatitude = Math.max(low.latitude, high.latitude);
+            if (this._maxLatitude - this._minLatitude > Angle.piOver2Radians) {
+                this._ranges.push(Range2d.createXYXY(longitudeRange.low, 0.0, longitudeRange.high, this._minLatitude));
+                this._ranges.push(Range2d.createXYXY(longitudeRange.low, this._maxLatitude, longitudeRange.high, Angle.piRadians));
+            }
+            else {
+                this._ranges.push(Range2d.createXYXY(longitudeRange.low, this._minLatitude, longitudeRange.high, this._maxLatitude));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    intersectsRange(other) {
+        for (const range of this._ranges)
+            for (const otherRange of other._ranges)
+                if (range.intersectsRange(otherRange))
+                    return true;
+        return false;
+    }
+    /** This method returns the raw latitude / longitude for the range in a Range2d object.
+     * The X value represents the longitude and the Y value the latitudes.
+     * Y values are kept between -PI and +PI while
+     * longitude values can be expressed in any range between -2PI to +2PI
+     * given the minimum longitude is always smaller numerically than the maximum longitude.
+     * Note that usually the longitudes are usually by convention in the range of -PI to PI except
+     * for ranges that overlap the -PI/+PI frontier in which case either representation is acceptable.
+     */
+    getLongitudeLatitudeBoundingBox() {
+        return Range2d.createXYXY(this._minLongitude, this._minLatitude, this._maxLongitude, this._maxLatitude);
+    }
+}
 //# sourceMappingURL=Cartographic.js.map