@intlify/core-base 9.3.0-beta.2 → 9.3.0-beta.21

package/dist/core-base.cjs

@@ -1,1563 +1,1688 @@
 /*!
-  * core-base v9.3.0-beta.2
-  * (c) 2022 kazuya kawaguchi
+  * core-base v9.3.0-beta.21
+  * (c) 2023 kazuya kawaguchi
   * Released under the MIT License.
   */
 'use strict';
 
-Object.defineProperty(exports, '__esModule', { value: true });
-
 var messageCompiler = require('@intlify/message-compiler');
 var shared = require('@intlify/shared');
 var devtoolsIf = require('@intlify/devtools-if');
 
-const pathStateMachine =  [];
-pathStateMachine[0 /* BEFORE_PATH */] = {
-    ["w" /* WORKSPACE */]: [0 /* BEFORE_PATH */],
-    ["i" /* IDENT */]: [3 /* IN_IDENT */, 0 /* APPEND */],
-    ["[" /* LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */],
-    ["o" /* END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* AFTER_PATH */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[1 /* IN_PATH */] = {
-    ["w" /* WORKSPACE */]: [1 /* IN_PATH */],
-    ["." /* DOT */]: [2 /* BEFORE_IDENT */],
-    ["[" /* LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */],
-    ["o" /* END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* AFTER_PATH */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[2 /* BEFORE_IDENT */] = {
-    ["w" /* WORKSPACE */]: [2 /* BEFORE_IDENT */],
-    ["i" /* IDENT */]: [3 /* IN_IDENT */, 0 /* APPEND */],
-    ["0" /* ZERO */]: [3 /* IN_IDENT */, 0 /* APPEND */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[3 /* IN_IDENT */] = {
-    ["i" /* IDENT */]: [3 /* IN_IDENT */, 0 /* APPEND */],
-    ["0" /* ZERO */]: [3 /* IN_IDENT */, 0 /* APPEND */],
-    ["w" /* WORKSPACE */]: [1 /* IN_PATH */, 1 /* PUSH */],
-    ["." /* DOT */]: [2 /* BEFORE_IDENT */, 1 /* PUSH */],
-    ["[" /* LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */, 1 /* PUSH */],
-    ["o" /* END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* AFTER_PATH */, 1 /* PUSH */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */] = {
-    ["'" /* SINGLE_QUOTE */]: [5 /* IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* APPEND */],
-    ["\"" /* DOUBLE_QUOTE */]: [6 /* IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* APPEND */],
-    ["[" /* LEFT_BRACKET */]: [
-        4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */,
-        2 /* INC_SUB_PATH_DEPTH */
-    ],
-    ["]" /* RIGHT_BRACKET */]: [1 /* IN_PATH */, 3 /* PUSH_SUB_PATH */],
-    ["o" /* END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* ERROR */,
-    ["l" /* ELSE */]: [4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* APPEND */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[5 /* IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */] = {
-    ["'" /* SINGLE_QUOTE */]: [4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* APPEND */],
-    ["o" /* END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* ERROR */,
-    ["l" /* ELSE */]: [5 /* IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* APPEND */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[6 /* IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */] = {
-    ["\"" /* DOUBLE_QUOTE */]: [4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* APPEND */],
-    ["o" /* END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* ERROR */,
-    ["l" /* ELSE */]: [6 /* IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* APPEND */]
-};
-/**
- * Check if an expression is a literal value.
- */
-const literalValueRE = /^\s?(?:true|false|-?[\d.]+|'[^']*'|"[^"]*")\s?$/;
-function isLiteral(exp) {
-    return literalValueRE.test(exp);
-}
-/**
- * Strip quotes from a string
- */
-function stripQuotes(str) {
-    const a = str.charCodeAt(0);
-    const b = str.charCodeAt(str.length - 1);
-    return a === b && (a === 0x22 || a === 0x27) ? str.slice(1, -1) : str;
-}
-/**
- * Determine the type of a character in a keypath.
- */
-function getPathCharType(ch) {
-    if (ch === undefined || ch === null) {
-        return "o" /* END_OF_FAIL */;
-    }
-    const code = ch.charCodeAt(0);
-    switch (code) {
-        case 0x5b: // [
-        case 0x5d: // ]
-        case 0x2e: // .
-        case 0x22: // "
-        case 0x27: // '
-            return ch;
-        case 0x5f: // _
-        case 0x24: // $
-        case 0x2d: // -
-            return "i" /* IDENT */;
-        case 0x09: // Tab (HT)
-        case 0x0a: // Newline (LF)
-        case 0x0d: // Return (CR)
-        case 0xa0: // No-break space (NBSP)
-        case 0xfeff: // Byte Order Mark (BOM)
-        case 0x2028: // Line Separator (LS)
-        case 0x2029: // Paragraph Separator (PS)
-            return "w" /* WORKSPACE */;
-    }
-    return "i" /* IDENT */;
-}
-/**
- * Format a subPath, return its plain form if it is
- * a literal string or number. Otherwise prepend the
- * dynamic indicator (*).
- */
-function formatSubPath(path) {
-    const trimmed = path.trim();
-    // invalid leading 0
-    if (path.charAt(0) === '0' && isNaN(parseInt(path))) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    return isLiteral(trimmed)
-        ? stripQuotes(trimmed)
-        : "*" /* ASTARISK */ + trimmed;
-}
-/**
- * Parse a string path into an array of segments
- */
-function parse(path) {
-    const keys = [];
-    let index = -1;
-    let mode = 0 /* BEFORE_PATH */;
-    let subPathDepth = 0;
-    let c;
-    let key; // eslint-disable-line
-    let newChar;
-    let type;
-    let transition;
-    let action;
-    let typeMap;
-    const actions = [];
-    actions[0 /* APPEND */] = () => {
-        if (key === undefined) {
-            key = newChar;
-        }
-        else {
-            key += newChar;
-        }
-    };
-    actions[1 /* PUSH */] = () => {
-        if (key !== undefined) {
-            keys.push(key);
-            key = undefined;
-        }
-    };
-    actions[2 /* INC_SUB_PATH_DEPTH */] = () => {
-        actions[0 /* APPEND */]();
-        subPathDepth++;
-    };
-    actions[3 /* PUSH_SUB_PATH */] = () => {
-        if (subPathDepth > 0) {
-            subPathDepth--;
-            mode = 4 /* IN_SUB_PATH */;
-            actions[0 /* APPEND */]();
-        }
-        else {
-            subPathDepth = 0;
-            if (key === undefined) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            key = formatSubPath(key);
-            if (key === false) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            else {
-                actions[1 /* PUSH */]();
-            }
-        }
-    };
-    function maybeUnescapeQuote() {
-        const nextChar = path[index + 1];
-        if ((mode === 5 /* IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */ &&
-            nextChar === "'" /* SINGLE_QUOTE */) ||
-            (mode === 6 /* IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */ &&
-                nextChar === "\"" /* DOUBLE_QUOTE */)) {
-            index++;
-            newChar = '\\' + nextChar;
-            actions[0 /* APPEND */]();
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    while (mode !== null) {
-        index++;
-        c = path[index];
-        if (c === '\\' && maybeUnescapeQuote()) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        type = getPathCharType(c);
-        typeMap = pathStateMachine[mode];
-        transition = typeMap[type] || typeMap["l" /* ELSE */] || 8 /* ERROR */;
-        // check parse error
-        if (transition === 8 /* ERROR */) {
-            return;
-        }
-        mode = transition[0];
-        if (transition[1] !== undefined) {
-            action = actions[transition[1]];
-            if (action) {
-                newChar = c;
-                if (action() === false) {
-                    return;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        // check parse finish
-        if (mode === 7 /* AFTER_PATH */) {
-            return keys;
-        }
-    }
-}
-// path token cache
-const cache = new Map();
-/**
- * key-value message resolver
- *
- * @remarks
- * Resolves messages with the key-value structure. Note that messages with a hierarchical structure such as objects cannot be resolved
- *
- * @param obj - A target object to be resolved with path
- * @param path - A {@link Path | path} to resolve the value of message
- *
- * @returns A resolved {@link PathValue | path value}
- *
- * @VueI18nGeneral
- */
-function resolveWithKeyValue(obj, path) {
-    return shared.isObject(obj) ? obj[path] : null;
-}
-/**
- * message resolver
- *
- * @remarks
- * Resolves messages. messages with a hierarchical structure such as objects can be resolved. This resolver is used in VueI18n as default.
- *
- * @param obj - A target object to be resolved with path
- * @param path - A {@link Path | path} to resolve the value of message
- *
- * @returns A resolved {@link PathValue | path value}
- *
- * @VueI18nGeneral
- */
-function resolveValue(obj, path) {
-    // check object
-    if (!shared.isObject(obj)) {
-        return null;
-    }
-    // parse path
-    let hit = cache.get(path);
-    if (!hit) {
-        hit = parse(path);
-        if (hit) {
-            cache.set(path, hit);
-        }
-    }
-    // check hit
-    if (!hit) {
-        return null;
-    }
-    // resolve path value
-    const len = hit.length;
-    let last = obj;
-    let i = 0;
-    while (i < len) {
-        const val = last[hit[i]];
-        if (val === undefined) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        last = val;
-        i++;
-    }
-    return last;
+const pathStateMachine =  [];
+pathStateMachine[0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */] = {
+    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */],
+    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[1 /* States.IN_PATH */] = {
+    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */],
+    ["." /* PathCharTypes.DOT */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */],
+    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */] = {
+    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */],
+    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["0" /* PathCharTypes.ZERO */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[3 /* States.IN_IDENT */] = {
+    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["0" /* PathCharTypes.ZERO */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
+    ["." /* PathCharTypes.DOT */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
+    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */] = {
+    ["'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */]: [5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */]: [6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [
+        4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */,
+        2 /* Actions.INC_SUB_PATH_DEPTH */
+    ],
+    ["]" /* PathCharTypes.RIGHT_BRACKET */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */, 3 /* Actions.PUSH_SUB_PATH */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
+    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */] = {
+    ["'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
+    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */] = {
+    ["\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
+    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
+};
+/**
+ * Check if an expression is a literal value.
+ */
+const literalValueRE = /^\s?(?:true|false|-?[\d.]+|'[^']*'|"[^"]*")\s?$/;
+function isLiteral(exp) {
+    return literalValueRE.test(exp);
+}
+/**
+ * Strip quotes from a string
+ */
+function stripQuotes(str) {
+    const a = str.charCodeAt(0);
+    const b = str.charCodeAt(str.length - 1);
+    return a === b && (a === 0x22 || a === 0x27) ? str.slice(1, -1) : str;
+}
+/**
+ * Determine the type of a character in a keypath.
+ */
+function getPathCharType(ch) {
+    if (ch === undefined || ch === null) {
+        return "o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */;
+    }
+    const code = ch.charCodeAt(0);
+    switch (code) {
+        case 0x5b: // [
+        case 0x5d: // ]
+        case 0x2e: // .
+        case 0x22: // "
+        case 0x27: // '
+            return ch;
+        case 0x5f: // _
+        case 0x24: // $
+        case 0x2d: // -
+            return "i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */;
+        case 0x09: // Tab (HT)
+        case 0x0a: // Newline (LF)
+        case 0x0d: // Return (CR)
+        case 0xa0: // No-break space (NBSP)
+        case 0xfeff: // Byte Order Mark (BOM)
+        case 0x2028: // Line Separator (LS)
+        case 0x2029: // Paragraph Separator (PS)
+            return "w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */;
+    }
+    return "i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */;
+}
+/**
+ * Format a subPath, return its plain form if it is
+ * a literal string or number. Otherwise prepend the
+ * dynamic indicator (*).
+ */
+function formatSubPath(path) {
+    const trimmed = path.trim();
+    // invalid leading 0
+    if (path.charAt(0) === '0' && isNaN(parseInt(path))) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return isLiteral(trimmed)
+        ? stripQuotes(trimmed)
+        : "*" /* PathCharTypes.ASTARISK */ + trimmed;
+}
+/**
+ * Parse a string path into an array of segments
+ */
+function parse(path) {
+    const keys = [];
+    let index = -1;
+    let mode = 0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */;
+    let subPathDepth = 0;
+    let c;
+    let key; // eslint-disable-line
+    let newChar;
+    let type;
+    let transition;
+    let action;
+    let typeMap;
+    const actions = [];
+    actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */] = () => {
+        if (key === undefined) {
+            key = newChar;
+        }
+        else {
+            key += newChar;
+        }
+    };
+    actions[1 /* Actions.PUSH */] = () => {
+        if (key !== undefined) {
+            keys.push(key);
+            key = undefined;
+        }
+    };
+    actions[2 /* Actions.INC_SUB_PATH_DEPTH */] = () => {
+        actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
+        subPathDepth++;
+    };
+    actions[3 /* Actions.PUSH_SUB_PATH */] = () => {
+        if (subPathDepth > 0) {
+            subPathDepth--;
+            mode = 4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */;
+            actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
+        }
+        else {
+            subPathDepth = 0;
+            if (key === undefined) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            key = formatSubPath(key);
+            if (key === false) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            else {
+                actions[1 /* Actions.PUSH */]();
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    function maybeUnescapeQuote() {
+        const nextChar = path[index + 1];
+        if ((mode === 5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */ &&
+            nextChar === "'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */) ||
+            (mode === 6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */ &&
+                nextChar === "\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */)) {
+            index++;
+            newChar = '\\' + nextChar;
+            actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    while (mode !== null) {
+        index++;
+        c = path[index];
+        if (c === '\\' && maybeUnescapeQuote()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        type = getPathCharType(c);
+        typeMap = pathStateMachine[mode];
+        transition = typeMap[type] || typeMap["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */] || 8 /* States.ERROR */;
+        // check parse error
+        if (transition === 8 /* States.ERROR */) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mode = transition[0];
+        if (transition[1] !== undefined) {
+            action = actions[transition[1]];
+            if (action) {
+                newChar = c;
+                if (action() === false) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // check parse finish
+        if (mode === 7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */) {
+            return keys;
+        }
+    }
+}
+// path token cache
+const cache = new Map();
+/**
+ * key-value message resolver
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * Resolves messages with the key-value structure. Note that messages with a hierarchical structure such as objects cannot be resolved
+ *
+ * @param obj - A target object to be resolved with path
+ * @param path - A {@link Path | path} to resolve the value of message
+ *
+ * @returns A resolved {@link PathValue | path value}
+ *
+ * @VueI18nGeneral
+ */
+function resolveWithKeyValue(obj, path) {
+    return shared.isObject(obj) ? obj[path] : null;
+}
+/**
+ * message resolver
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * Resolves messages. messages with a hierarchical structure such as objects can be resolved. This resolver is used in VueI18n as default.
+ *
+ * @param obj - A target object to be resolved with path
+ * @param path - A {@link Path | path} to resolve the value of message
+ *
+ * @returns A resolved {@link PathValue | path value}
+ *
+ * @VueI18nGeneral
+ */
+function resolveValue(obj, path) {
+    // check object
+    if (!shared.isObject(obj)) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    // parse path
+    let hit = cache.get(path);
+    if (!hit) {
+        hit = parse(path);
+        if (hit) {
+            cache.set(path, hit);
+        }
+    }
+    // check hit
+    if (!hit) {
+        return null;
+    }
+    // resolve path value
+    const len = hit.length;
+    let last = obj;
+    let i = 0;
+    while (i < len) {
+        const val = last[hit[i]];
+        if (val === undefined) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        last = val;
+        i++;
+    }
+    return last;
 }
 
-const DEFAULT_MODIFIER = (str) => str;
-const DEFAULT_MESSAGE = (ctx) => ''; // eslint-disable-line
-const DEFAULT_MESSAGE_DATA_TYPE = 'text';
-const DEFAULT_NORMALIZE = (values) => values.length === 0 ? '' : values.join('');
-const DEFAULT_INTERPOLATE = shared.toDisplayString;
-function pluralDefault(choice, choicesLength) {
-    choice = Math.abs(choice);
-    if (choicesLength === 2) {
-        // prettier-ignore
-        return choice
-            ? choice > 1
-                ? 1
-                : 0
-            : 1;
-    }
-    return choice ? Math.min(choice, 2) : 0;
-}
-function getPluralIndex(options) {
-    // prettier-ignore
-    const index = shared.isNumber(options.pluralIndex)
-        ? options.pluralIndex
-        : -1;
-    // prettier-ignore
-    return options.named && (shared.isNumber(options.named.count) || shared.isNumber(options.named.n))
-        ? shared.isNumber(options.named.count)
-            ? options.named.count
-            : shared.isNumber(options.named.n)
-                ? options.named.n
-                : index
-        : index;
-}
-function normalizeNamed(pluralIndex, props) {
-    if (!props.count) {
-        props.count = pluralIndex;
-    }
-    if (!props.n) {
-        props.n = pluralIndex;
-    }
-}
-function createMessageContext(options = {}) {
-    const locale = options.locale;
-    const pluralIndex = getPluralIndex(options);
-    const pluralRule = shared.isObject(options.pluralRules) &&
-        shared.isString(locale) &&
-        shared.isFunction(options.pluralRules[locale])
-        ? options.pluralRules[locale]
-        : pluralDefault;
-    const orgPluralRule = shared.isObject(options.pluralRules) &&
-        shared.isString(locale) &&
-        shared.isFunction(options.pluralRules[locale])
-        ? pluralDefault
-        : undefined;
-    const plural = (messages) => {
-        return messages[pluralRule(pluralIndex, messages.length, orgPluralRule)];
-    };
-    const _list = options.list || [];
-    const list = (index) => _list[index];
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    const _named = options.named || {};
-    shared.isNumber(options.pluralIndex) && normalizeNamed(pluralIndex, _named);
-    const named = (key) => _named[key];
-    function message(key) {
-        // prettier-ignore
-        const msg = shared.isFunction(options.messages)
-            ? options.messages(key)
-            : shared.isObject(options.messages)
-                ? options.messages[key]
-                : false;
-        return !msg
-            ? options.parent
-                ? options.parent.message(key) // resolve from parent messages
-                : DEFAULT_MESSAGE
-            : msg;
-    }
-    const _modifier = (name) => options.modifiers
-        ? options.modifiers[name]
-        : DEFAULT_MODIFIER;
-    const normalize = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) && shared.isFunction(options.processor.normalize)
-        ? options.processor.normalize
-        : DEFAULT_NORMALIZE;
-    const interpolate = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) &&
-        shared.isFunction(options.processor.interpolate)
-        ? options.processor.interpolate
-        : DEFAULT_INTERPOLATE;
-    const type = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) && shared.isString(options.processor.type)
-        ? options.processor.type
-        : DEFAULT_MESSAGE_DATA_TYPE;
-    const linked = (key, ...args) => {
-        const [arg1, arg2] = args;
-        let type = 'text';
-        let modifier = '';
-        if (args.length === 1) {
-            if (shared.isObject(arg1)) {
-                modifier = arg1.modifier || modifier;
-                type = arg1.type || type;
-            }
-            else if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
-                modifier = arg1 || modifier;
-            }
-        }
-        else if (args.length === 2) {
-            if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
-                modifier = arg1 || modifier;
-            }
-            if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
-                type = arg2 || type;
-            }
-        }
-        let msg = message(key)(ctx);
-        // The message in vnode resolved with linked are returned as an array by processor.nomalize
-        if (type === 'vnode' && shared.isArray(msg) && modifier) {
-            msg = msg[0];
-        }
-        return modifier ? _modifier(modifier)(msg, type) : msg;
-    };
-    const ctx = {
-        ["list" /* LIST */]: list,
-        ["named" /* NAMED */]: named,
-        ["plural" /* PLURAL */]: plural,
-        ["linked" /* LINKED */]: linked,
-        ["message" /* MESSAGE */]: message,
-        ["type" /* TYPE */]: type,
-        ["interpolate" /* INTERPOLATE */]: interpolate,
-        ["normalize" /* NORMALIZE */]: normalize
-    };
-    return ctx;
+const DEFAULT_MODIFIER = (str) => str;
+const DEFAULT_MESSAGE = (ctx) => ''; // eslint-disable-line
+const DEFAULT_MESSAGE_DATA_TYPE = 'text';
+const DEFAULT_NORMALIZE = (values) => values.length === 0 ? '' : shared.join(values);
+const DEFAULT_INTERPOLATE = shared.toDisplayString;
+function pluralDefault(choice, choicesLength) {
+    choice = Math.abs(choice);
+    if (choicesLength === 2) {
+        // prettier-ignore
+        return choice
+            ? choice > 1
+                ? 1
+                : 0
+            : 1;
+    }
+    return choice ? Math.min(choice, 2) : 0;
+}
+function getPluralIndex(options) {
+    // prettier-ignore
+    const index = shared.isNumber(options.pluralIndex)
+        ? options.pluralIndex
+        : -1;
+    // prettier-ignore
+    return options.named && (shared.isNumber(options.named.count) || shared.isNumber(options.named.n))
+        ? shared.isNumber(options.named.count)
+            ? options.named.count
+            : shared.isNumber(options.named.n)
+                ? options.named.n
+                : index
+        : index;
+}
+function normalizeNamed(pluralIndex, props) {
+    if (!props.count) {
+        props.count = pluralIndex;
+    }
+    if (!props.n) {
+        props.n = pluralIndex;
+    }
+}
+function createMessageContext(options = {}) {
+    const locale = options.locale;
+    const pluralIndex = getPluralIndex(options);
+    const pluralRule = shared.isObject(options.pluralRules) &&
+        shared.isString(locale) &&
+        shared.isFunction(options.pluralRules[locale])
+        ? options.pluralRules[locale]
+        : pluralDefault;
+    const orgPluralRule = shared.isObject(options.pluralRules) &&
+        shared.isString(locale) &&
+        shared.isFunction(options.pluralRules[locale])
+        ? pluralDefault
+        : undefined;
+    const plural = (messages) => {
+        return messages[pluralRule(pluralIndex, messages.length, orgPluralRule)];
+    };
+    const _list = options.list || [];
+    const list = (index) => _list[index];
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    const _named = options.named || {};
+    shared.isNumber(options.pluralIndex) && normalizeNamed(pluralIndex, _named);
+    const named = (key) => _named[key];
+    function message(key) {
+        // prettier-ignore
+        const msg = shared.isFunction(options.messages)
+            ? options.messages(key)
+            : shared.isObject(options.messages)
+                ? options.messages[key]
+                : false;
+        return !msg
+            ? options.parent
+                ? options.parent.message(key) // resolve from parent messages
+                : DEFAULT_MESSAGE
+            : msg;
+    }
+    const _modifier = (name) => options.modifiers
+        ? options.modifiers[name]
+        : DEFAULT_MODIFIER;
+    const normalize = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) && shared.isFunction(options.processor.normalize)
+        ? options.processor.normalize
+        : DEFAULT_NORMALIZE;
+    const interpolate = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) &&
+        shared.isFunction(options.processor.interpolate)
+        ? options.processor.interpolate
+        : DEFAULT_INTERPOLATE;
+    const type = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) && shared.isString(options.processor.type)
+        ? options.processor.type
+        : DEFAULT_MESSAGE_DATA_TYPE;
+    const linked = (key, ...args) => {
+        const [arg1, arg2] = args;
+        let type = 'text';
+        let modifier = '';
+        if (args.length === 1) {
+            if (shared.isObject(arg1)) {
+                modifier = arg1.modifier || modifier;
+                type = arg1.type || type;
+            }
+            else if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
+                modifier = arg1 || modifier;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (args.length === 2) {
+            if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
+                modifier = arg1 || modifier;
+            }
+            if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
+                type = arg2 || type;
+            }
+        }
+        const ret = message(key)(ctx);
+        const msg = 
+        // The message in vnode resolved with linked are returned as an array by processor.nomalize
+        type === 'vnode' && shared.isArray(ret) && modifier
+            ? ret[0]
+            : ret;
+        return modifier ? _modifier(modifier)(msg, type) : msg;
+    };
+    const ctx = {
+        ["list" /* HelperNameMap.LIST */]: list,
+        ["named" /* HelperNameMap.NAMED */]: named,
+        ["plural" /* HelperNameMap.PLURAL */]: plural,
+        ["linked" /* HelperNameMap.LINKED */]: linked,
+        ["message" /* HelperNameMap.MESSAGE */]: message,
+        ["type" /* HelperNameMap.TYPE */]: type,
+        ["interpolate" /* HelperNameMap.INTERPOLATE */]: interpolate,
+        ["normalize" /* HelperNameMap.NORMALIZE */]: normalize
+    };
+    return ctx;
 }
 
-let devtools = null;
-function setDevToolsHook(hook) {
-    devtools = hook;
-}
-function getDevToolsHook() {
-    return devtools;
-}
-function initI18nDevTools(i18n, version, meta) {
-    // TODO: queue if devtools is undefined
-    devtools &&
-        devtools.emit(devtoolsIf.IntlifyDevToolsHooks.I18nInit, {
-            timestamp: Date.now(),
-            i18n,
-            version,
-            meta
-        });
-}
-const translateDevTools = /* #__PURE__*/ createDevToolsHook(devtoolsIf.IntlifyDevToolsHooks.FunctionTranslate);
-function createDevToolsHook(hook) {
-    return (payloads) => devtools && devtools.emit(hook, payloads);
+let devtools = null;
+function setDevToolsHook(hook) {
+    devtools = hook;
+}
+function getDevToolsHook() {
+    return devtools;
+}
+function initI18nDevTools(i18n, version, meta) {
+    // TODO: queue if devtools is undefined
+    devtools &&
+        devtools.emit(devtoolsIf.IntlifyDevToolsHooks.I18nInit, {
+            timestamp: Date.now(),
+            i18n,
+            version,
+            meta
+        });
+}
+const translateDevTools = /* #__PURE__*/ createDevToolsHook(devtoolsIf.IntlifyDevToolsHooks.FunctionTranslate);
+function createDevToolsHook(hook) {
+    return (payloads) => devtools && devtools.emit(hook, payloads);
 }
 
-const CoreWarnCodes = {
-    NOT_FOUND_KEY: 1,
-    FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE: 2,
-    CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER: 3,
-    FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT: 4,
-    CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE: 5,
-    FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT: 6,
-    __EXTEND_POINT__: 7
-};
-/** @internal */
-const warnMessages = {
-    [CoreWarnCodes.NOT_FOUND_KEY]: `Not found '{key}' key in '{locale}' locale messages.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE]: `Fall back to translate '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER]: `Cannot format a number value due to not supported Intl.NumberFormat.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT]: `Fall back to number format '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE]: `Cannot format a date value due to not supported Intl.DateTimeFormat.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT]: `Fall back to datetime format '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`
-};
-function getWarnMessage(code, ...args) {
-    return shared.format(warnMessages[code], ...args);
+const CoreWarnCodes = {
+    NOT_FOUND_KEY: 1,
+    FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE: 2,
+    CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER: 3,
+    FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT: 4,
+    CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE: 5,
+    FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT: 6,
+    __EXTEND_POINT__: 7
+};
+/** @internal */
+const warnMessages = {
+    [CoreWarnCodes.NOT_FOUND_KEY]: `Not found '{key}' key in '{locale}' locale messages.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE]: `Fall back to translate '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER]: `Cannot format a number value due to not supported Intl.NumberFormat.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT]: `Fall back to number format '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE]: `Cannot format a date value due to not supported Intl.DateTimeFormat.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT]: `Fall back to datetime format '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`
+};
+function getWarnMessage(code, ...args) {
+    return shared.format(warnMessages[code], ...args);
 }
 
-/**
- * Fallback with simple implemenation
- *
- * @remarks
- * A fallback locale function implemented with a simple fallback algorithm.
- *
- * Basically, it returns the value as specified in the `fallbackLocale` props, and is processed with the fallback inside intlify.
- *
- * @param ctx - A {@link CoreContext | context}
- * @param fallback - A {@link FallbackLocale | fallback locale}
- * @param start - A starting {@link Locale | locale}
- *
- * @returns Fallback locales
- *
- * @VueI18nGeneral
- */
-function fallbackWithSimple(ctx, fallback, start // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
-) {
-    // prettier-ignore
-    return [...new Set([
-            start,
-            ...(shared.isArray(fallback)
-                ? fallback
-                : shared.isObject(fallback)
-                    ? Object.keys(fallback)
-                    : shared.isString(fallback)
-                        ? [fallback]
-                        : [start])
-        ])];
-}
-/**
- * Fallback with locale chain
- *
- * @remarks
- * A fallback locale function implemented with a fallback chain algorithm. It's used in VueI18n as default.
- *
- * @param ctx - A {@link CoreContext | context}
- * @param fallback - A {@link FallbackLocale | fallback locale}
- * @param start - A starting {@link Locale | locale}
- *
- * @returns Fallback locales
- *
- * @VueI18nSee [Fallbacking](../guide/essentials/fallback)
- *
- * @VueI18nGeneral
- */
-function fallbackWithLocaleChain(ctx, fallback, start) {
-    const startLocale = shared.isString(start) ? start : DEFAULT_LOCALE;
-    const context = ctx;
-    if (!context.__localeChainCache) {
-        context.__localeChainCache = new Map();
-    }
-    let chain = context.__localeChainCache.get(startLocale);
-    if (!chain) {
-        chain = [];
-        // first block defined by start
-        let block = [start];
-        // while any intervening block found
-        while (shared.isArray(block)) {
-            block = appendBlockToChain(chain, block, fallback);
-        }
-        // prettier-ignore
-        // last block defined by default
-        const defaults = shared.isArray(fallback) || !shared.isPlainObject(fallback)
-            ? fallback
-            : fallback['default']
-                ? fallback['default']
-                : null;
-        // convert defaults to array
-        block = shared.isString(defaults) ? [defaults] : defaults;
-        if (shared.isArray(block)) {
-            appendBlockToChain(chain, block, false);
-        }
-        context.__localeChainCache.set(startLocale, chain);
-    }
-    return chain;
-}
-function appendBlockToChain(chain, block, blocks) {
-    let follow = true;
-    for (let i = 0; i < block.length && shared.isBoolean(follow); i++) {
-        const locale = block[i];
-        if (shared.isString(locale)) {
-            follow = appendLocaleToChain(chain, block[i], blocks);
-        }
-    }
-    return follow;
-}
-function appendLocaleToChain(chain, locale, blocks) {
-    let follow;
-    const tokens = locale.split('-');
-    do {
-        const target = tokens.join('-');
-        follow = appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks);
-        tokens.splice(-1, 1);
-    } while (tokens.length && follow === true);
-    return follow;
-}
-function appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks) {
-    let follow = false;
-    if (!chain.includes(target)) {
-        follow = true;
-        if (target) {
-            follow = target[target.length - 1] !== '!';
-            const locale = target.replace(/!/g, '');
-            chain.push(locale);
-            if ((shared.isArray(blocks) || shared.isPlainObject(blocks)) &&
-                blocks[locale] // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-            ) {
-                // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-                follow = blocks[locale];
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    return follow;
+/**
+ * Fallback with simple implemenation
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * A fallback locale function implemented with a simple fallback algorithm.
+ *
+ * Basically, it returns the value as specified in the `fallbackLocale` props, and is processed with the fallback inside intlify.
+ *
+ * @param ctx - A {@link CoreContext | context}
+ * @param fallback - A {@link FallbackLocale | fallback locale}
+ * @param start - A starting {@link Locale | locale}
+ *
+ * @returns Fallback locales
+ *
+ * @VueI18nGeneral
+ */
+function fallbackWithSimple(ctx, fallback, start // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
+) {
+    // prettier-ignore
+    return [...new Set([
+            start,
+            ...(shared.isArray(fallback)
+                ? fallback
+                : shared.isObject(fallback)
+                    ? Object.keys(fallback)
+                    : shared.isString(fallback)
+                        ? [fallback]
+                        : [start])
+        ])];
+}
+/**
+ * Fallback with locale chain
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * A fallback locale function implemented with a fallback chain algorithm. It's used in VueI18n as default.
+ *
+ * @param ctx - A {@link CoreContext | context}
+ * @param fallback - A {@link FallbackLocale | fallback locale}
+ * @param start - A starting {@link Locale | locale}
+ *
+ * @returns Fallback locales
+ *
+ * @VueI18nSee [Fallbacking](../guide/essentials/fallback)
+ *
+ * @VueI18nGeneral
+ */
+function fallbackWithLocaleChain(ctx, fallback, start) {
+    const startLocale = shared.isString(start) ? start : DEFAULT_LOCALE;
+    const context = ctx;
+    if (!context.__localeChainCache) {
+        context.__localeChainCache = new Map();
+    }
+    let chain = context.__localeChainCache.get(startLocale);
+    if (!chain) {
+        chain = [];
+        // first block defined by start
+        let block = [start];
+        // while any intervening block found
+        while (shared.isArray(block)) {
+            block = appendBlockToChain(chain, block, fallback);
+        }
+        // prettier-ignore
+        // last block defined by default
+        const defaults = shared.isArray(fallback) || !shared.isPlainObject(fallback)
+            ? fallback
+            : fallback['default']
+                ? fallback['default']
+                : null;
+        // convert defaults to array
+        block = shared.isString(defaults) ? [defaults] : defaults;
+        if (shared.isArray(block)) {
+            appendBlockToChain(chain, block, false);
+        }
+        context.__localeChainCache.set(startLocale, chain);
+    }
+    return chain;
+}
+function appendBlockToChain(chain, block, blocks) {
+    let follow = true;
+    for (let i = 0; i < block.length && shared.isBoolean(follow); i++) {
+        const locale = block[i];
+        if (shared.isString(locale)) {
+            follow = appendLocaleToChain(chain, block[i], blocks);
+        }
+    }
+    return follow;
+}
+function appendLocaleToChain(chain, locale, blocks) {
+    let follow;
+    const tokens = locale.split('-');
+    do {
+        const target = tokens.join('-');
+        follow = appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks);
+        tokens.splice(-1, 1);
+    } while (tokens.length && follow === true);
+    return follow;
+}
+function appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks) {
+    let follow = false;
+    if (!chain.includes(target)) {
+        follow = true;
+        if (target) {
+            follow = target[target.length - 1] !== '!';
+            const locale = target.replace(/!/g, '');
+            chain.push(locale);
+            if ((shared.isArray(blocks) || shared.isPlainObject(blocks)) &&
+                blocks[locale] // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+            ) {
+                // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+                follow = blocks[locale];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return follow;
 }
 
-/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
-/**
- * Intlify core-base version
- * @internal
- */
-const VERSION = '9.3.0-beta.2';
-const NOT_REOSLVED = -1;
-const DEFAULT_LOCALE = 'en-US';
-const MISSING_RESOLVE_VALUE = '';
-const capitalize = (str) => `${str.charAt(0).toLocaleUpperCase()}${str.substr(1)}`;
-function getDefaultLinkedModifiers() {
-    return {
-        upper: (val, type) => {
-            // prettier-ignore
-            return type === 'text' && shared.isString(val)
-                ? val.toUpperCase()
-                : type === 'vnode' && shared.isObject(val) && '__v_isVNode' in val
-                    ? val.children.toUpperCase()
-                    : val;
-        },
-        lower: (val, type) => {
-            // prettier-ignore
-            return type === 'text' && shared.isString(val)
-                ? val.toLowerCase()
-                : type === 'vnode' && shared.isObject(val) && '__v_isVNode' in val
-                    ? val.children.toLowerCase()
-                    : val;
-        },
-        capitalize: (val, type) => {
-            // prettier-ignore
-            return (type === 'text' && shared.isString(val)
-                ? capitalize(val)
-                : type === 'vnode' && shared.isObject(val) && '__v_isVNode' in val
-                    ? capitalize(val.children)
-                    : val);
-        }
-    };
-}
-let _compiler;
-function registerMessageCompiler(compiler) {
-    _compiler = compiler;
-}
-let _resolver;
-/**
- * Register the message resolver
- *
- * @param resolver - A {@link MessageResolver} function
- *
- * @VueI18nGeneral
- */
-function registerMessageResolver(resolver) {
-    _resolver = resolver;
-}
-let _fallbacker;
-/**
- * Register the locale fallbacker
- *
- * @param fallbacker - A {@link LocaleFallbacker} function
- *
- * @VueI18nGeneral
- */
-function registerLocaleFallbacker(fallbacker) {
-    _fallbacker = fallbacker;
-}
-// Additional Meta for Intlify DevTools
-let _additionalMeta = null;
-const setAdditionalMeta =  (meta) => {
-    _additionalMeta = meta;
-};
-const getAdditionalMeta =  () => _additionalMeta;
-let _fallbackContext = null;
-const setFallbackContext = (context) => {
-    _fallbackContext = context;
-};
-const getFallbackContext = () => _fallbackContext;
-// ID for CoreContext
-let _cid = 0;
-function createCoreContext(options = {}) {
-    // setup options
-    const version = shared.isString(options.version) ? options.version : VERSION;
-    const locale = shared.isString(options.locale) ? options.locale : DEFAULT_LOCALE;
-    const fallbackLocale = shared.isArray(options.fallbackLocale) ||
-        shared.isPlainObject(options.fallbackLocale) ||
-        shared.isString(options.fallbackLocale) ||
-        options.fallbackLocale === false
-        ? options.fallbackLocale
-        : locale;
-    const messages = shared.isPlainObject(options.messages)
-        ? options.messages
-        : { [locale]: {} };
-    const datetimeFormats = shared.isPlainObject(options.datetimeFormats)
-            ? options.datetimeFormats
-            : { [locale]: {} }
-        ;
-    const numberFormats = shared.isPlainObject(options.numberFormats)
-            ? options.numberFormats
-            : { [locale]: {} }
-        ;
-    const modifiers = shared.assign({}, options.modifiers || {}, getDefaultLinkedModifiers());
-    const pluralRules = options.pluralRules || {};
-    const missing = shared.isFunction(options.missing) ? options.missing : null;
-    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn) || shared.isRegExp(options.missingWarn)
-        ? options.missingWarn
-        : true;
-    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn) || shared.isRegExp(options.fallbackWarn)
-        ? options.fallbackWarn
-        : true;
-    const fallbackFormat = !!options.fallbackFormat;
-    const unresolving = !!options.unresolving;
-    const postTranslation = shared.isFunction(options.postTranslation)
-        ? options.postTranslation
-        : null;
-    const processor = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) ? options.processor : null;
-    const warnHtmlMessage = shared.isBoolean(options.warnHtmlMessage)
-        ? options.warnHtmlMessage
-        : true;
-    const escapeParameter = !!options.escapeParameter;
-    const messageCompiler = shared.isFunction(options.messageCompiler)
-        ? options.messageCompiler
-        : _compiler;
-    const messageResolver = shared.isFunction(options.messageResolver)
-        ? options.messageResolver
-        : _resolver || resolveWithKeyValue;
-    const localeFallbacker = shared.isFunction(options.localeFallbacker)
-        ? options.localeFallbacker
-        : _fallbacker || fallbackWithSimple;
-    const fallbackContext = shared.isObject(options.fallbackContext)
-        ? options.fallbackContext
-        : undefined;
-    const onWarn = shared.isFunction(options.onWarn) ? options.onWarn : shared.warn;
-    // setup internal options
-    const internalOptions = options;
-    const __datetimeFormatters = shared.isObject(internalOptions.__datetimeFormatters)
-            ? internalOptions.__datetimeFormatters
-            : new Map()
-        ;
-    const __numberFormatters = shared.isObject(internalOptions.__numberFormatters)
-            ? internalOptions.__numberFormatters
-            : new Map()
-        ;
-    const __meta = shared.isObject(internalOptions.__meta) ? internalOptions.__meta : {};
-    _cid++;
-    const context = {
-        version,
-        cid: _cid,
-        locale,
-        fallbackLocale,
-        messages,
-        modifiers,
-        pluralRules,
-        missing,
-        missingWarn,
-        fallbackWarn,
-        fallbackFormat,
-        unresolving,
-        postTranslation,
-        processor,
-        warnHtmlMessage,
-        escapeParameter,
-        messageCompiler,
-        messageResolver,
-        localeFallbacker,
-        fallbackContext,
-        onWarn,
-        __meta
-    };
-    {
-        context.datetimeFormats = datetimeFormats;
-        context.numberFormats = numberFormats;
-        context.__datetimeFormatters = __datetimeFormatters;
-        context.__numberFormatters = __numberFormatters;
-    }
-    // for vue-devtools timeline event
-    {
-        context.__v_emitter =
-            internalOptions.__v_emitter != null
-                ? internalOptions.__v_emitter
-                : undefined;
-    }
-    // NOTE: experimental !!
-    {
-        initI18nDevTools(context, version, __meta);
-    }
-    return context;
-}
-/** @internal */
-function isTranslateFallbackWarn(fallback, key) {
-    return fallback instanceof RegExp ? fallback.test(key) : fallback;
-}
-/** @internal */
-function isTranslateMissingWarn(missing, key) {
-    return missing instanceof RegExp ? missing.test(key) : missing;
-}
-/** @internal */
-function handleMissing(context, key, locale, missingWarn, type) {
-    const { missing, onWarn } = context;
-    // for vue-devtools timeline event
-    {
-        const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
-        if (emitter) {
-            emitter.emit("missing" /* MISSING */, {
-                locale,
-                key,
-                type,
-                groupId: `${type}:${key}`
-            });
-        }
-    }
-    if (missing !== null) {
-        const ret = missing(context, locale, key, type);
-        return shared.isString(ret) ? ret : key;
-    }
-    else {
-        if (isTranslateMissingWarn(missingWarn, key)) {
-            onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.NOT_FOUND_KEY, { key, locale }));
-        }
-        return key;
-    }
-}
-/** @internal */
-function updateFallbackLocale(ctx, locale, fallback) {
-    const context = ctx;
-    context.__localeChainCache = new Map();
-    ctx.localeFallbacker(ctx, fallback, locale);
-}
+/* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
+/**
+ * Intlify core-base version
+ * @internal
+ */
+const VERSION = '9.3.0-beta.21';
+const NOT_REOSLVED = -1;
+const DEFAULT_LOCALE = 'en-US';
+const MISSING_RESOLVE_VALUE = '';
+const capitalize = (str) => `${str.charAt(0).toLocaleUpperCase()}${str.substr(1)}`;
+function getDefaultLinkedModifiers() {
+    return {
+        upper: (val, type) => {
+            // prettier-ignore
+            return type === 'text' && shared.isString(val)
+                ? val.toUpperCase()
+                : type === 'vnode' && shared.isObject(val) && '__v_isVNode' in val
+                    ? val.children.toUpperCase()
+                    : val;
+        },
+        lower: (val, type) => {
+            // prettier-ignore
+            return type === 'text' && shared.isString(val)
+                ? val.toLowerCase()
+                : type === 'vnode' && shared.isObject(val) && '__v_isVNode' in val
+                    ? val.children.toLowerCase()
+                    : val;
+        },
+        capitalize: (val, type) => {
+            // prettier-ignore
+            return (type === 'text' && shared.isString(val)
+                ? capitalize(val)
+                : type === 'vnode' && shared.isObject(val) && '__v_isVNode' in val
+                    ? capitalize(val.children)
+                    : val);
+        }
+    };
+}
+let _compiler;
+function registerMessageCompiler(compiler) {
+    _compiler = compiler;
+}
+let _resolver;
+/**
+ * Register the message resolver
+ *
+ * @param resolver - A {@link MessageResolver} function
+ *
+ * @VueI18nGeneral
+ */
+function registerMessageResolver(resolver) {
+    _resolver = resolver;
+}
+let _fallbacker;
+/**
+ * Register the locale fallbacker
+ *
+ * @param fallbacker - A {@link LocaleFallbacker} function
+ *
+ * @VueI18nGeneral
+ */
+function registerLocaleFallbacker(fallbacker) {
+    _fallbacker = fallbacker;
+}
+// Additional Meta for Intlify DevTools
+let _additionalMeta =  null;
+const setAdditionalMeta =  (meta) => {
+    _additionalMeta = meta;
+};
+const getAdditionalMeta =  () => _additionalMeta;
+let _fallbackContext = null;
+const setFallbackContext = (context) => {
+    _fallbackContext = context;
+};
+const getFallbackContext = () => _fallbackContext;
+// ID for CoreContext
+let _cid = 0;
+function createCoreContext(options = {}) {
+    // setup options
+    const version = shared.isString(options.version) ? options.version : VERSION;
+    const locale = shared.isString(options.locale) ? options.locale : DEFAULT_LOCALE;
+    const fallbackLocale = shared.isArray(options.fallbackLocale) ||
+        shared.isPlainObject(options.fallbackLocale) ||
+        shared.isString(options.fallbackLocale) ||
+        options.fallbackLocale === false
+        ? options.fallbackLocale
+        : locale;
+    const messages = shared.isPlainObject(options.messages)
+        ? options.messages
+        : { [locale]: {} };
+    const datetimeFormats = shared.isPlainObject(options.datetimeFormats)
+            ? options.datetimeFormats
+            : { [locale]: {} }
+        ;
+    const numberFormats = shared.isPlainObject(options.numberFormats)
+            ? options.numberFormats
+            : { [locale]: {} }
+        ;
+    const modifiers = shared.assign({}, options.modifiers || {}, getDefaultLinkedModifiers());
+    const pluralRules = options.pluralRules || {};
+    const missing = shared.isFunction(options.missing) ? options.missing : null;
+    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn) || shared.isRegExp(options.missingWarn)
+        ? options.missingWarn
+        : true;
+    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn) || shared.isRegExp(options.fallbackWarn)
+        ? options.fallbackWarn
+        : true;
+    const fallbackFormat = !!options.fallbackFormat;
+    const unresolving = !!options.unresolving;
+    const postTranslation = shared.isFunction(options.postTranslation)
+        ? options.postTranslation
+        : null;
+    const processor = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) ? options.processor : null;
+    const warnHtmlMessage = shared.isBoolean(options.warnHtmlMessage)
+        ? options.warnHtmlMessage
+        : true;
+    const escapeParameter = !!options.escapeParameter;
+    const messageCompiler = shared.isFunction(options.messageCompiler)
+        ? options.messageCompiler
+        : _compiler;
+    const messageResolver = shared.isFunction(options.messageResolver)
+        ? options.messageResolver
+        : _resolver || resolveWithKeyValue;
+    const localeFallbacker = shared.isFunction(options.localeFallbacker)
+        ? options.localeFallbacker
+        : _fallbacker || fallbackWithSimple;
+    const fallbackContext = shared.isObject(options.fallbackContext)
+        ? options.fallbackContext
+        : undefined;
+    const onWarn = shared.isFunction(options.onWarn) ? options.onWarn : shared.warn;
+    // setup internal options
+    const internalOptions = options;
+    const __datetimeFormatters = shared.isObject(internalOptions.__datetimeFormatters)
+            ? internalOptions.__datetimeFormatters
+            : new Map()
+        ;
+    const __numberFormatters = shared.isObject(internalOptions.__numberFormatters)
+            ? internalOptions.__numberFormatters
+            : new Map()
+        ;
+    const __meta = shared.isObject(internalOptions.__meta) ? internalOptions.__meta : {};
+    _cid++;
+    const context = {
+        version,
+        cid: _cid,
+        locale,
+        fallbackLocale,
+        messages,
+        modifiers,
+        pluralRules,
+        missing,
+        missingWarn,
+        fallbackWarn,
+        fallbackFormat,
+        unresolving,
+        postTranslation,
+        processor,
+        warnHtmlMessage,
+        escapeParameter,
+        messageCompiler,
+        messageResolver,
+        localeFallbacker,
+        fallbackContext,
+        onWarn,
+        __meta
+    };
+    {
+        context.datetimeFormats = datetimeFormats;
+        context.numberFormats = numberFormats;
+        context.__datetimeFormatters = __datetimeFormatters;
+        context.__numberFormatters = __numberFormatters;
+    }
+    // for vue-devtools timeline event
+    {
+        context.__v_emitter =
+            internalOptions.__v_emitter != null
+                ? internalOptions.__v_emitter
+                : undefined;
+    }
+    // NOTE: experimental !!
+    {
+        initI18nDevTools(context, version, __meta);
+    }
+    return context;
+}
+/** @internal */
+function isTranslateFallbackWarn(fallback, key) {
+    return fallback instanceof RegExp ? fallback.test(key) : fallback;
+}
+/** @internal */
+function isTranslateMissingWarn(missing, key) {
+    return missing instanceof RegExp ? missing.test(key) : missing;
+}
+/** @internal */
+function handleMissing(context, key, locale, missingWarn, type) {
+    const { missing, onWarn } = context;
+    // for vue-devtools timeline event
+    {
+        const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
+        if (emitter) {
+            emitter.emit("missing" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.MISSING */, {
+                locale,
+                key,
+                type,
+                groupId: `${type}:${key}`
+            });
+        }
+    }
+    if (missing !== null) {
+        const ret = missing(context, locale, key, type);
+        return shared.isString(ret) ? ret : key;
+    }
+    else {
+        if (isTranslateMissingWarn(missingWarn, key)) {
+            onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.NOT_FOUND_KEY, { key, locale }));
+        }
+        return key;
+    }
+}
+/** @internal */
+function updateFallbackLocale(ctx, locale, fallback) {
+    const context = ctx;
+    context.__localeChainCache = new Map();
+    ctx.localeFallbacker(ctx, fallback, locale);
+}
 /* eslint-enable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
 
-const RE_HTML_TAG = /<\/?[\w\s="/.':;#-\/]+>/;
-const WARN_MESSAGE = `Detected HTML in '{source}' message. Recommend not using HTML messages to avoid XSS.`;
-function checkHtmlMessage(source, options) {
-    const warnHtmlMessage = shared.isBoolean(options.warnHtmlMessage)
-        ? options.warnHtmlMessage
-        : true;
-    if (warnHtmlMessage && RE_HTML_TAG.test(source)) {
-        shared.warn(shared.format(WARN_MESSAGE, { source }));
-    }
-}
-const defaultOnCacheKey = (source) => source;
-let compileCache = Object.create(null);
-function clearCompileCache() {
-    compileCache = Object.create(null);
-}
-function compileToFunction(source, options = {}) {
-    {
-        // check HTML message
-        checkHtmlMessage(source, options);
-        // check caches
-        const onCacheKey = options.onCacheKey || defaultOnCacheKey;
-        const key = onCacheKey(source);
-        const cached = compileCache[key];
-        if (cached) {
-            return cached;
-        }
-        // compile error detecting
-        let occurred = false;
-        const onError = options.onError || messageCompiler.defaultOnError;
-        options.onError = (err) => {
-            occurred = true;
-            onError(err);
-        };
-        // compile
-        const { code } = messageCompiler.baseCompile(source, options);
-        // evaluate function
-        const msg = new Function(`return ${code}`)();
-        // if occurred compile error, don't cache
-        return !occurred ? (compileCache[key] = msg) : msg;
-    }
+function format(ast) {
+    const msg = (ctx) => formatParts(ctx, ast);
+    // TODO: add meta data for vue-devtools debugging, such as `key`, `source` and `locale`
+    // TODO: optimization for static text message
+    return msg;
+}
+function formatParts(ctx, ast) {
+    if (ast.body.type === 1 /* NodeTypes.Plural */) {
+        return ctx.plural(ast.body.cases.reduce((messages, c) => [
+            ...messages,
+            formatMessageParts(ctx, c)
+        ], []));
+    }
+    else {
+        return formatMessageParts(ctx, ast.body);
+    }
+}
+function formatMessageParts(ctx, node) {
+    if (node.static) {
+        return ctx.type === 'text'
+            ? node.static
+            : ctx.normalize([node.static]);
+    }
+    else {
+        const messages = node.items.reduce((acm, c) => [...acm, formatMessagePart(ctx, c)], []);
+        return ctx.normalize(messages);
+    }
+}
+function formatMessagePart(ctx, node) {
+    switch (node.type) {
+        case 3 /* NodeTypes.Text */:
+            return node.value;
+        case 9 /* NodeTypes.Literal */:
+            return node.value;
+        case 4 /* NodeTypes.Named */:
+            return ctx.interpolate(ctx.named(node.key));
+        case 5 /* NodeTypes.List */:
+            return ctx.interpolate(ctx.list(node.index));
+        case 6 /* NodeTypes.Linked */:
+            return ctx.linked(formatMessagePart(ctx, node.key), node.modifier
+                ? formatMessagePart(ctx, node.modifier)
+                : undefined, ctx.type);
+        case 7 /* NodeTypes.LinkedKey */:
+            return node.value;
+        case 8 /* NodeTypes.LinkedModifier */:
+            return node.value;
+        default:
+            throw new Error(`unhandled node type on format message part: ${node.type}`);
+    }
 }
 
-let code = messageCompiler.CompileErrorCodes.__EXTEND_POINT__;
-const inc = () => ++code;
-const CoreErrorCodes = {
-    INVALID_ARGUMENT: code,
-    INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT: inc(),
-    INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT: inc(),
-    __EXTEND_POINT__: inc() // 18
-};
-function createCoreError(code) {
-    return messageCompiler.createCompileError(code, null, { messages: errorMessages } );
-}
-/** @internal */
-const errorMessages = {
-    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT]: 'Invalid arguments',
-    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT]: 'The date provided is an invalid Date object.' +
-        'Make sure your Date represents a valid date.',
-    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT]: 'The argument provided is not a valid ISO date string'
+let code = messageCompiler.CompileErrorCodes.__EXTEND_POINT__;
+const inc = () => ++code;
+const CoreErrorCodes = {
+    INVALID_ARGUMENT: code,
+    INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT: inc(),
+    INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT: inc(),
+    NOT_SUPPORT_AST: inc(),
+    __EXTEND_POINT__: inc() // 19
+};
+function createCoreError(code) {
+    return messageCompiler.createCompileError(code, null, { messages: errorMessages } );
+}
+/** @internal */
+const errorMessages = {
+    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT]: 'Invalid arguments',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT]: 'The date provided is an invalid Date object.' +
+        'Make sure your Date represents a valid date.',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT]: 'The argument provided is not a valid ISO date string',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_AST]: 'Not support AST'
 };
 
-const NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION = () => '';
-const isMessageFunction = (val) => shared.isFunction(val);
-// implementation of `translate` function
-function translate(context, ...args) {
-    const { fallbackFormat, postTranslation, unresolving, messageCompiler, fallbackLocale, messages } = context;
-    const [key, options] = parseTranslateArgs(...args);
-    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
-        ? options.missingWarn
-        : context.missingWarn;
-    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
-        ? options.fallbackWarn
-        : context.fallbackWarn;
-    const escapeParameter = shared.isBoolean(options.escapeParameter)
-        ? options.escapeParameter
-        : context.escapeParameter;
-    const resolvedMessage = !!options.resolvedMessage;
-    // prettier-ignore
-    const defaultMsgOrKey = shared.isString(options.default) || shared.isBoolean(options.default) // default by function option
-        ? !shared.isBoolean(options.default)
-            ? options.default
-            : (!messageCompiler ? () => key : key)
-        : fallbackFormat // default by `fallbackFormat` option
-            ? (!messageCompiler ? () => key : key)
-            : '';
-    const enableDefaultMsg = fallbackFormat || defaultMsgOrKey !== '';
-    const locale = shared.isString(options.locale) ? options.locale : context.locale;
-    // escape params
-    escapeParameter && escapeParams(options);
-    // resolve message format
-    // eslint-disable-next-line prefer-const
-    let [formatScope, targetLocale, message] = !resolvedMessage
-        ? resolveMessageFormat(context, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn)
-        : [
-            key,
-            locale,
-            messages[locale] || {}
-        ];
-    // NOTE:
-    //  Fix to work around `ssrTransfrom` bug in Vite.
-    //  https://github.com/vitejs/vite/issues/4306
-    //  To get around this, use temporary variables.
-    //  https://github.com/nuxt/framework/issues/1461#issuecomment-954606243
-    let format = formatScope;
-    // if you use default message, set it as message format!
-    let cacheBaseKey = key;
-    if (!resolvedMessage &&
-        !(shared.isString(format) || isMessageFunction(format))) {
-        if (enableDefaultMsg) {
-            format = defaultMsgOrKey;
-            cacheBaseKey = format;
-        }
-    }
-    // checking message format and target locale
-    if (!resolvedMessage &&
-        (!(shared.isString(format) || isMessageFunction(format)) ||
-            !shared.isString(targetLocale))) {
-        return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
-    }
-    if (shared.isString(format) && context.messageCompiler == null) {
-        shared.warn(`The message format compilation is not supported in this build. ` +
-            `Because message compiler isn't included. ` +
-            `You need to pre-compilation all message format. ` +
-            `So translate function return '${key}'.`);
-        return key;
-    }
-    // setup compile error detecting
-    let occurred = false;
-    const errorDetector = () => {
-        occurred = true;
-    };
-    // compile message format
-    const msg = !isMessageFunction(format)
-        ? compileMessageFormat(context, key, targetLocale, format, cacheBaseKey, errorDetector)
-        : format;
-    // if occurred compile error, return the message format
-    if (occurred) {
-        return format;
-    }
-    // evaluate message with context
-    const ctxOptions = getMessageContextOptions(context, targetLocale, message, options);
-    const msgContext = createMessageContext(ctxOptions);
-    const messaged = evaluateMessage(context, msg, msgContext);
-    // if use post translation option, proceed it with handler
-    const ret = postTranslation
-        ? postTranslation(messaged, key)
-        : messaged;
-    // NOTE: experimental !!
-    {
-        // prettier-ignore
-        const payloads = {
-            timestamp: Date.now(),
-            key: shared.isString(key)
-                ? key
-                : isMessageFunction(format)
-                    ? format.key
-                    : '',
-            locale: targetLocale || (isMessageFunction(format)
-                ? format.locale
-                : ''),
-            format: shared.isString(format)
-                ? format
-                : isMessageFunction(format)
-                    ? format.source
-                    : '',
-            message: ret
-        };
-        payloads.meta = shared.assign({}, context.__meta, getAdditionalMeta() || {});
-        translateDevTools(payloads);
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-function escapeParams(options) {
-    if (shared.isArray(options.list)) {
-        options.list = options.list.map(item => shared.isString(item) ? shared.escapeHtml(item) : item);
-    }
-    else if (shared.isObject(options.named)) {
-        Object.keys(options.named).forEach(key => {
-            if (shared.isString(options.named[key])) {
-                options.named[key] = shared.escapeHtml(options.named[key]);
-            }
-        });
-    }
-}
-function resolveMessageFormat(context, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn) {
-    const { messages, onWarn, messageResolver: resolveValue, localeFallbacker } = context;
-    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, fallbackLocale, locale); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    let message = {};
-    let targetLocale;
-    let format = null;
-    let from = locale;
-    let to = null;
-    const type = 'translate';
-    for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
-        targetLocale = to = locales[i];
-        if (locale !== targetLocale &&
-            isTranslateFallbackWarn(fallbackWarn, key)) {
-            onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE, {
-                key,
-                target: targetLocale
-            }));
-        }
-        // for vue-devtools timeline event
-        if (locale !== targetLocale) {
-            const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
-            if (emitter) {
-                emitter.emit("fallback" /* FALBACK */, {
-                    type,
-                    key,
-                    from,
-                    to,
-                    groupId: `${type}:${key}`
-                });
-            }
-        }
-        message =
-            messages[targetLocale] || {};
-        // for vue-devtools timeline event
-        let start = null;
-        let startTag;
-        let endTag;
-        if (shared.inBrowser) {
-            start = window.performance.now();
-            startTag = 'intlify-message-resolve-start';
-            endTag = 'intlify-message-resolve-end';
-            shared.mark && shared.mark(startTag);
-        }
-        if ((format = resolveValue(message, key)) === null) {
-            // if null, resolve with object key path
-            format = message[key]; // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-        }
-        // for vue-devtools timeline event
-        if (shared.inBrowser) {
-            const end = window.performance.now();
-            const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
-            if (emitter && start && format) {
-                emitter.emit("message-resolve" /* MESSAGE_RESOLVE */, {
-                    type: "message-resolve" /* MESSAGE_RESOLVE */,
-                    key,
-                    message: format,
-                    time: end - start,
-                    groupId: `${type}:${key}`
-                });
-            }
-            if (startTag && endTag && shared.mark && shared.measure) {
-                shared.mark(endTag);
-                shared.measure('intlify message resolve', startTag, endTag);
-            }
-        }
-        if (shared.isString(format) || shared.isFunction(format))
-            break;
-        const missingRet = handleMissing(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-        key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type);
-        if (missingRet !== key) {
-            format = missingRet;
-        }
-        from = to;
-    }
-    return [format, targetLocale, message];
-}
-function compileMessageFormat(context, key, targetLocale, format, cacheBaseKey, errorDetector) {
-    const { messageCompiler, warnHtmlMessage } = context;
-    if (isMessageFunction(format)) {
-        const msg = format;
-        msg.locale = msg.locale || targetLocale;
-        msg.key = msg.key || key;
-        return msg;
-    }
-    if (messageCompiler == null) {
-        const msg = (() => format);
-        msg.locale = targetLocale;
-        msg.key = key;
-        return msg;
-    }
-    // for vue-devtools timeline event
-    let start = null;
-    let startTag;
-    let endTag;
-    if (shared.inBrowser) {
-        start = window.performance.now();
-        startTag = 'intlify-message-compilation-start';
-        endTag = 'intlify-message-compilation-end';
-        shared.mark && shared.mark(startTag);
-    }
-    const msg = messageCompiler(format, getCompileOptions(context, targetLocale, cacheBaseKey, format, warnHtmlMessage, errorDetector));
-    // for vue-devtools timeline event
-    if (shared.inBrowser) {
-        const end = window.performance.now();
-        const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
-        if (emitter && start) {
-            emitter.emit("message-compilation" /* MESSAGE_COMPILATION */, {
-                type: "message-compilation" /* MESSAGE_COMPILATION */,
-                message: format,
-                time: end - start,
-                groupId: `${'translate'}:${key}`
-            });
-        }
-        if (startTag && endTag && shared.mark && shared.measure) {
-            shared.mark(endTag);
-            shared.measure('intlify message compilation', startTag, endTag);
-        }
-    }
-    msg.locale = targetLocale;
-    msg.key = key;
-    msg.source = format;
-    return msg;
-}
-function evaluateMessage(context, msg, msgCtx) {
-    // for vue-devtools timeline event
-    let start = null;
-    let startTag;
-    let endTag;
-    if (shared.inBrowser) {
-        start = window.performance.now();
-        startTag = 'intlify-message-evaluation-start';
-        endTag = 'intlify-message-evaluation-end';
-        shared.mark && shared.mark(startTag);
-    }
-    const messaged = msg(msgCtx);
-    // for vue-devtools timeline event
-    if (shared.inBrowser) {
-        const end = window.performance.now();
-        const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
-        if (emitter && start) {
-            emitter.emit("message-evaluation" /* MESSAGE_EVALUATION */, {
-                type: "message-evaluation" /* MESSAGE_EVALUATION */,
-                value: messaged,
-                time: end - start,
-                groupId: `${'translate'}:${msg.key}`
-            });
-        }
-        if (startTag && endTag && shared.mark && shared.measure) {
-            shared.mark(endTag);
-            shared.measure('intlify message evaluation', startTag, endTag);
-        }
-    }
-    return messaged;
-}
-/** @internal */
-function parseTranslateArgs(...args) {
-    const [arg1, arg2, arg3] = args;
-    const options = {};
-    if (!shared.isString(arg1) && !shared.isNumber(arg1) && !isMessageFunction(arg1)) {
-        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
-    }
-    // prettier-ignore
-    const key = shared.isNumber(arg1)
-        ? String(arg1)
-        : isMessageFunction(arg1)
-            ? arg1
-            : arg1;
-    if (shared.isNumber(arg2)) {
-        options.plural = arg2;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
-        options.default = arg2;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2) && !shared.isEmptyObject(arg2)) {
-        options.named = arg2;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isArray(arg2)) {
-        options.list = arg2;
-    }
-    if (shared.isNumber(arg3)) {
-        options.plural = arg3;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
-        options.default = arg3;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
-        shared.assign(options, arg3);
-    }
-    return [key, options];
-}
-function getCompileOptions(context, locale, key, source, warnHtmlMessage, errorDetector) {
-    return {
-        warnHtmlMessage,
-        onError: (err) => {
-            errorDetector && errorDetector(err);
-            {
-                const message = `Message compilation error: ${err.message}`;
-                const codeFrame = err.location &&
-                    shared.generateCodeFrame(source, err.location.start.offset, err.location.end.offset);
-                const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
-                if (emitter) {
-                    emitter.emit("compile-error" /* COMPILE_ERROR */, {
-                        message: source,
-                        error: err.message,
-                        start: err.location && err.location.start.offset,
-                        end: err.location && err.location.end.offset,
-                        groupId: `${'translate'}:${key}`
-                    });
-                }
-                console.error(codeFrame ? `${message}\n${codeFrame}` : message);
-            }
-        },
-        onCacheKey: (source) => shared.generateFormatCacheKey(locale, key, source)
-    };
-}
-function getMessageContextOptions(context, locale, message, options) {
-    const { modifiers, pluralRules, messageResolver: resolveValue, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn, fallbackContext } = context;
-    const resolveMessage = (key) => {
-        let val = resolveValue(message, key);
-        // fallback to root context
-        if (val == null && fallbackContext) {
-            const [, , message] = resolveMessageFormat(fallbackContext, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn);
-            val = resolveValue(message, key);
-        }
-        if (shared.isString(val)) {
-            let occurred = false;
-            const errorDetector = () => {
-                occurred = true;
-            };
-            const msg = compileMessageFormat(context, key, locale, val, key, errorDetector);
-            return !occurred
-                ? msg
-                : NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION;
-        }
-        else if (isMessageFunction(val)) {
-            return val;
-        }
-        else {
-            // TODO: should be implemented warning message
-            return NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION;
-        }
-    };
-    const ctxOptions = {
-        locale,
-        modifiers,
-        pluralRules,
-        messages: resolveMessage
-    };
-    if (context.processor) {
-        ctxOptions.processor = context.processor;
-    }
-    if (options.list) {
-        ctxOptions.list = options.list;
-    }
-    if (options.named) {
-        ctxOptions.named = options.named;
-    }
-    if (shared.isNumber(options.plural)) {
-        ctxOptions.pluralIndex = options.plural;
-    }
-    return ctxOptions;
+const WARN_MESSAGE = `Detected HTML in '{source}' message. Recommend not using HTML messages to avoid XSS.`;
+function checkHtmlMessage(source, warnHtmlMessage) {
+    if (warnHtmlMessage && messageCompiler.detectHtmlTag(source)) {
+        shared.warn(shared.format(WARN_MESSAGE, { source }));
+    }
+}
+const defaultOnCacheKey = (message) => message;
+let compileCache = Object.create(null);
+function clearCompileCache() {
+    compileCache = Object.create(null);
+}
+function baseCompile(message, options = {}) {
+    // error detecting on compile
+    let detectError = false;
+    const onError = options.onError || messageCompiler.defaultOnError;
+    options.onError = (err) => {
+        detectError = true;
+        onError(err);
+    };
+    // compile with mesasge-compiler
+    return { ...messageCompiler.baseCompile(message, options), detectError };
+}
+function compileToFunction(message, options = {}) {
+    if (!shared.isString(message)) {
+        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_AST);
+    }
+    {
+        // check HTML message
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        const warnHtmlMessage = shared.isBoolean(options.warnHtmlMessage)
+            ? // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+                options.warnHtmlMessage
+            : true;
+        checkHtmlMessage(message, warnHtmlMessage);
+        // check caches
+        const onCacheKey = options.onCacheKey || defaultOnCacheKey;
+        const cacheKey = onCacheKey(message);
+        const cached = compileCache[cacheKey];
+        if (cached) {
+            return cached;
+        }
+        // compile
+        const { code, detectError } = baseCompile(message, options);
+        // evaluate function
+        const msg = new Function(`return ${code}`)();
+        // if occurred compile error, don't cache
+        return !detectError
+            ? (compileCache[cacheKey] = msg)
+            : msg;
+    }
+}
+function compile(message, options = {}) {
+    if (shared.isString(message)) {
+        // check HTML message
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        const warnHtmlMessage = shared.isBoolean(options.warnHtmlMessage)
+            ? // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+                options.warnHtmlMessage
+            : true;
+        checkHtmlMessage(message, warnHtmlMessage);
+        // check caches
+        const onCacheKey = options.onCacheKey || defaultOnCacheKey;
+        const cacheKey = onCacheKey(message);
+        const cached = compileCache[cacheKey];
+        if (cached) {
+            return cached;
+        }
+        // compile with JIT mode
+        const { ast, detectError } = baseCompile(message, {
+            ...options,
+            location: true,
+            jit: true
+        });
+        // compose message function from AST
+        const msg = format(ast);
+        // if occurred compile error, don't cache
+        return !detectError
+            ? (compileCache[cacheKey] = msg)
+            : msg;
+    }
+    else {
+        // AST case (passed from bundler)
+        const cacheKey = message.cacheKey;
+        if (cacheKey) {
+            const cached = compileCache[cacheKey];
+            if (cached) {
+                return cached;
+            }
+            // compose message function from message (AST)
+            return (compileCache[cacheKey] =
+                format(message));
+        }
+        else {
+            return format(message);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+const NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION = () => '';
+const isMessageFunction = (val) => shared.isFunction(val);
+const isMessageAST = (val) => shared.isObject(val) && val.type === 0 && 'body' in val;
+// implementation of `translate` function
+function translate(context, ...args) {
+    const { fallbackFormat, postTranslation, unresolving, messageCompiler, fallbackLocale, messages } = context;
+    const [key, options] = parseTranslateArgs(...args);
+    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
+        ? options.missingWarn
+        : context.missingWarn;
+    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
+        ? options.fallbackWarn
+        : context.fallbackWarn;
+    const escapeParameter = shared.isBoolean(options.escapeParameter)
+        ? options.escapeParameter
+        : context.escapeParameter;
+    const resolvedMessage = !!options.resolvedMessage;
+    // prettier-ignore
+    const defaultMsgOrKey = shared.isString(options.default) || shared.isBoolean(options.default) // default by function option
+        ? !shared.isBoolean(options.default)
+            ? options.default
+            : (!messageCompiler ? () => key : key)
+        : fallbackFormat // default by `fallbackFormat` option
+            ? (!messageCompiler ? () => key : key)
+            : '';
+    const enableDefaultMsg = fallbackFormat || defaultMsgOrKey !== '';
+    const locale = shared.isString(options.locale) ? options.locale : context.locale;
+    // escape params
+    escapeParameter && escapeParams(options);
+    // resolve message format
+    // eslint-disable-next-line prefer-const
+    let [formatScope, targetLocale, message] = !resolvedMessage
+        ? resolveMessageFormat(context, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn)
+        : [
+            key,
+            locale,
+            messages[locale] || {}
+        ];
+    // NOTE:
+    //  Fix to work around `ssrTransfrom` bug in Vite.
+    //  https://github.com/vitejs/vite/issues/4306
+    //  To get around this, use temporary variables.
+    //  https://github.com/nuxt/framework/issues/1461#issuecomment-954606243
+    let format = formatScope;
+    // if you use default message, set it as message format!
+    let cacheBaseKey = key;
+    if (!resolvedMessage &&
+        !(shared.isString(format) ||
+            isMessageAST(format) ||
+            isMessageFunction(format))) {
+        if (enableDefaultMsg) {
+            format = defaultMsgOrKey;
+            cacheBaseKey = format;
+        }
+    }
+    // checking message format and target locale
+    if (!resolvedMessage &&
+        (!(shared.isString(format) ||
+            isMessageAST(format) ||
+            isMessageFunction(format)) ||
+            !shared.isString(targetLocale))) {
+        return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
+    }
+    // TODO: refactor
+    if (shared.isString(format) && context.messageCompiler == null) {
+        shared.warn(`The message format compilation is not supported in this build. ` +
+            `Because message compiler isn't included. ` +
+            `You need to pre-compilation all message format. ` +
+            `So translate function return '${key}'.`);
+        return key;
+    }
+    // setup compile error detecting
+    let occurred = false;
+    const errorDetector = () => {
+        occurred = true;
+    };
+    // compile message format
+    const msg = !isMessageFunction(format)
+        ? compileMessageFormat(context, key, targetLocale, format, cacheBaseKey, errorDetector)
+        : format;
+    // if occurred compile error, return the message format
+    if (occurred) {
+        return format;
+    }
+    // evaluate message with context
+    const ctxOptions = getMessageContextOptions(context, targetLocale, message, options);
+    const msgContext = createMessageContext(ctxOptions);
+    const messaged = evaluateMessage(context, msg, msgContext);
+    // if use post translation option, proceed it with handler
+    const ret = postTranslation
+        ? postTranslation(messaged, key)
+        : messaged;
+    // NOTE: experimental !!
+    {
+        // prettier-ignore
+        const payloads = {
+            timestamp: Date.now(),
+            key: shared.isString(key)
+                ? key
+                : isMessageFunction(format)
+                    ? format.key
+                    : '',
+            locale: targetLocale || (isMessageFunction(format)
+                ? format.locale
+                : ''),
+            format: shared.isString(format)
+                ? format
+                : isMessageFunction(format)
+                    ? format.source
+                    : '',
+            message: ret
+        };
+        payloads.meta = shared.assign({}, context.__meta, getAdditionalMeta() || {});
+        translateDevTools(payloads);
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+function escapeParams(options) {
+    if (shared.isArray(options.list)) {
+        options.list = options.list.map(item => shared.isString(item) ? shared.escapeHtml(item) : item);
+    }
+    else if (shared.isObject(options.named)) {
+        Object.keys(options.named).forEach(key => {
+            if (shared.isString(options.named[key])) {
+                options.named[key] = shared.escapeHtml(options.named[key]);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+}
+function resolveMessageFormat(context, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn) {
+    const { messages, onWarn, messageResolver: resolveValue, localeFallbacker } = context;
+    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, fallbackLocale, locale); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    let message = {};
+    let targetLocale;
+    let format = null;
+    let from = locale;
+    let to = null;
+    const type = 'translate';
+    for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
+        targetLocale = to = locales[i];
+        if (locale !== targetLocale &&
+            isTranslateFallbackWarn(fallbackWarn, key)) {
+            onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE, {
+                key,
+                target: targetLocale
+            }));
+        }
+        // for vue-devtools timeline event
+        if (locale !== targetLocale) {
+            const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
+            if (emitter) {
+                emitter.emit("fallback" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.FALBACK */, {
+                    type,
+                    key,
+                    from,
+                    to,
+                    groupId: `${type}:${key}`
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        message =
+            messages[targetLocale] || {};
+        // for vue-devtools timeline event
+        let start = null;
+        let startTag;
+        let endTag;
+        if (shared.inBrowser) {
+            start = window.performance.now();
+            startTag = 'intlify-message-resolve-start';
+            endTag = 'intlify-message-resolve-end';
+            shared.mark && shared.mark(startTag);
+        }
+        if ((format = resolveValue(message, key)) === null) {
+            // if null, resolve with object key path
+            format = message[key]; // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        }
+        // for vue-devtools timeline event
+        if (shared.inBrowser) {
+            const end = window.performance.now();
+            const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
+            if (emitter && start && format) {
+                emitter.emit("message-resolve" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.MESSAGE_RESOLVE */, {
+                    type: "message-resolve" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.MESSAGE_RESOLVE */,
+                    key,
+                    message: format,
+                    time: end - start,
+                    groupId: `${type}:${key}`
+                });
+            }
+            if (startTag && endTag && shared.mark && shared.measure) {
+                shared.mark(endTag);
+                shared.measure('intlify message resolve', startTag, endTag);
+            }
+        }
+        if (shared.isString(format) || isMessageAST(format) || isMessageFunction(format)) {
+            break;
+        }
+        const missingRet = handleMissing(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type);
+        if (missingRet !== key) {
+            format = missingRet;
+        }
+        from = to;
+    }
+    return [format, targetLocale, message];
+}
+function compileMessageFormat(context, key, targetLocale, format, cacheBaseKey, errorDetector) {
+    const { messageCompiler, warnHtmlMessage } = context;
+    if (isMessageFunction(format)) {
+        const msg = format;
+        msg.locale = msg.locale || targetLocale;
+        msg.key = msg.key || key;
+        return msg;
+    }
+    if (messageCompiler == null) {
+        const msg = (() => format);
+        msg.locale = targetLocale;
+        msg.key = key;
+        return msg;
+    }
+    // for vue-devtools timeline event
+    let start = null;
+    let startTag;
+    let endTag;
+    if (shared.inBrowser) {
+        start = window.performance.now();
+        startTag = 'intlify-message-compilation-start';
+        endTag = 'intlify-message-compilation-end';
+        shared.mark && shared.mark(startTag);
+    }
+    const msg = messageCompiler(format, getCompileOptions(context, targetLocale, cacheBaseKey, format, warnHtmlMessage, errorDetector));
+    // for vue-devtools timeline event
+    if (shared.inBrowser) {
+        const end = window.performance.now();
+        const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
+        if (emitter && start) {
+            emitter.emit("message-compilation" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.MESSAGE_COMPILATION */, {
+                type: "message-compilation" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.MESSAGE_COMPILATION */,
+                message: format,
+                time: end - start,
+                groupId: `${'translate'}:${key}`
+            });
+        }
+        if (startTag && endTag && shared.mark && shared.measure) {
+            shared.mark(endTag);
+            shared.measure('intlify message compilation', startTag, endTag);
+        }
+    }
+    msg.locale = targetLocale;
+    msg.key = key;
+    msg.source = format;
+    return msg;
+}
+function evaluateMessage(context, msg, msgCtx) {
+    // for vue-devtools timeline event
+    let start = null;
+    let startTag;
+    let endTag;
+    if (shared.inBrowser) {
+        start = window.performance.now();
+        startTag = 'intlify-message-evaluation-start';
+        endTag = 'intlify-message-evaluation-end';
+        shared.mark && shared.mark(startTag);
+    }
+    const messaged = msg(msgCtx);
+    // for vue-devtools timeline event
+    if (shared.inBrowser) {
+        const end = window.performance.now();
+        const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
+        if (emitter && start) {
+            emitter.emit("message-evaluation" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.MESSAGE_EVALUATION */, {
+                type: "message-evaluation" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.MESSAGE_EVALUATION */,
+                value: messaged,
+                time: end - start,
+                groupId: `${'translate'}:${msg.key}`
+            });
+        }
+        if (startTag && endTag && shared.mark && shared.measure) {
+            shared.mark(endTag);
+            shared.measure('intlify message evaluation', startTag, endTag);
+        }
+    }
+    return messaged;
+}
+/** @internal */
+function parseTranslateArgs(...args) {
+    const [arg1, arg2, arg3] = args;
+    const options = {};
+    if (!shared.isString(arg1) && !shared.isNumber(arg1) && !isMessageFunction(arg1)) {
+        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    // prettier-ignore
+    const key = shared.isNumber(arg1)
+        ? String(arg1)
+        : isMessageFunction(arg1)
+            ? arg1
+            : arg1;
+    if (shared.isNumber(arg2)) {
+        options.plural = arg2;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
+        options.default = arg2;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2) && !shared.isEmptyObject(arg2)) {
+        options.named = arg2;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isArray(arg2)) {
+        options.list = arg2;
+    }
+    if (shared.isNumber(arg3)) {
+        options.plural = arg3;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
+        options.default = arg3;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
+        shared.assign(options, arg3);
+    }
+    return [key, options];
+}
+function getCompileOptions(context, locale, key, source, warnHtmlMessage, errorDetector) {
+    return {
+        warnHtmlMessage,
+        onError: (err) => {
+            errorDetector && errorDetector(err);
+            {
+                const _source = getSourceForCodeFrame(source);
+                const message = `Message compilation error: ${err.message}`;
+                const codeFrame = err.location &&
+                    _source &&
+                    shared.generateCodeFrame(_source, err.location.start.offset, err.location.end.offset);
+                const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
+                if (emitter && _source) {
+                    emitter.emit("compile-error" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.COMPILE_ERROR */, {
+                        message: _source,
+                        error: err.message,
+                        start: err.location && err.location.start.offset,
+                        end: err.location && err.location.end.offset,
+                        groupId: `${'translate'}:${key}`
+                    });
+                }
+                console.error(codeFrame ? `${message}\n${codeFrame}` : message);
+            }
+        },
+        onCacheKey: (source) => shared.generateFormatCacheKey(locale, key, source)
+    };
+}
+function getSourceForCodeFrame(source) {
+    if (shared.isString(source)) ;
+    else {
+        if (source.loc?.source) {
+            return source.loc.source;
+        }
+    }
+}
+function getMessageContextOptions(context, locale, message, options) {
+    const { modifiers, pluralRules, messageResolver: resolveValue, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn, fallbackContext } = context;
+    const resolveMessage = (key) => {
+        let val = resolveValue(message, key);
+        // fallback to root context
+        if (val == null && fallbackContext) {
+            const [, , message] = resolveMessageFormat(fallbackContext, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn);
+            val = resolveValue(message, key);
+        }
+        if (shared.isString(val) || isMessageAST(val)) {
+            let occurred = false;
+            const errorDetector = () => {
+                occurred = true;
+            };
+            const msg = compileMessageFormat(context, key, locale, val, key, errorDetector);
+            return !occurred
+                ? msg
+                : NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION;
+        }
+        else if (isMessageFunction(val)) {
+            return val;
+        }
+        else {
+            // TODO: should be implemented warning message
+            return NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION;
+        }
+    };
+    const ctxOptions = {
+        locale,
+        modifiers,
+        pluralRules,
+        messages: resolveMessage
+    };
+    if (context.processor) {
+        ctxOptions.processor = context.processor;
+    }
+    if (options.list) {
+        ctxOptions.list = options.list;
+    }
+    if (options.named) {
+        ctxOptions.named = options.named;
+    }
+    if (shared.isNumber(options.plural)) {
+        ctxOptions.pluralIndex = options.plural;
+    }
+    return ctxOptions;
 }
 
-const intlDefined = typeof Intl !== 'undefined';
-const Availabilities = {
-    dateTimeFormat: intlDefined && typeof Intl.DateTimeFormat !== 'undefined',
-    numberFormat: intlDefined && typeof Intl.NumberFormat !== 'undefined'
+const intlDefined = typeof Intl !== 'undefined';
+const Availabilities = {
+    dateTimeFormat: intlDefined && typeof Intl.DateTimeFormat !== 'undefined',
+    numberFormat: intlDefined && typeof Intl.NumberFormat !== 'undefined'
 };
 
-// implementation of `datetime` function
-function datetime(context, ...args) {
-    const { datetimeFormats, unresolving, fallbackLocale, onWarn, localeFallbacker } = context;
-    const { __datetimeFormatters } = context;
-    if (!Availabilities.dateTimeFormat) {
-        onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE));
-        return MISSING_RESOLVE_VALUE;
-    }
-    const [key, value, options, overrides] = parseDateTimeArgs(...args);
-    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
-        ? options.missingWarn
-        : context.missingWarn;
-    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
-        ? options.fallbackWarn
-        : context.fallbackWarn;
-    const part = !!options.part;
-    const locale = shared.isString(options.locale) ? options.locale : context.locale;
-    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    fallbackLocale, locale);
-    if (!shared.isString(key) || key === '') {
-        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(locale, overrides).format(value);
-    }
-    // resolve format
-    let datetimeFormat = {};
-    let targetLocale;
-    let format = null;
-    let from = locale;
-    let to = null;
-    const type = 'datetime format';
-    for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
-        targetLocale = to = locales[i];
-        if (locale !== targetLocale &&
-            isTranslateFallbackWarn(fallbackWarn, key)) {
-            onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT, {
-                key,
-                target: targetLocale
-            }));
-        }
-        // for vue-devtools timeline event
-        if (locale !== targetLocale) {
-            const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
-            if (emitter) {
-                emitter.emit("fallback" /* FALBACK */, {
-                    type,
-                    key,
-                    from,
-                    to,
-                    groupId: `${type}:${key}`
-                });
-            }
-        }
-        datetimeFormat =
-            datetimeFormats[targetLocale] || {};
-        format = datetimeFormat[key];
-        if (shared.isPlainObject(format))
-            break;
-        handleMissing(context, key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-        from = to;
-    }
-    // checking format and target locale
-    if (!shared.isPlainObject(format) || !shared.isString(targetLocale)) {
-        return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
-    }
-    let id = `${targetLocale}__${key}`;
-    if (!shared.isEmptyObject(overrides)) {
-        id = `${id}__${JSON.stringify(overrides)}`;
-    }
-    let formatter = __datetimeFormatters.get(id);
-    if (!formatter) {
-        formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(targetLocale, shared.assign({}, format, overrides));
-        __datetimeFormatters.set(id, formatter);
-    }
-    return !part ? formatter.format(value) : formatter.formatToParts(value);
-}
-/** @internal */
-const DATETIME_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS = [
-    'localeMatcher',
-    'weekday',
-    'era',
-    'year',
-    'month',
-    'day',
-    'hour',
-    'minute',
-    'second',
-    'timeZoneName',
-    'formatMatcher',
-    'hour12',
-    'timeZone',
-    'dateStyle',
-    'timeStyle',
-    'calendar',
-    'dayPeriod',
-    'numberingSystem',
-    'hourCycle',
-    'fractionalSecondDigits'
-];
-/** @internal */
-function parseDateTimeArgs(...args) {
-    const [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4] = args;
-    const options = {};
-    let overrides = {};
-    let value;
-    if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
-        // Only allow ISO strings - other date formats are often supported,
-        // but may cause different results in different browsers.
-        const matches = arg1.match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})(T|\s)?(.*)/);
-        if (!matches) {
-            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT);
-        }
-        // Some browsers can not parse the iso datetime separated by space,
-        // this is a compromise solution by replace the 'T'/' ' with 'T'
-        const dateTime = matches[3]
-            ? matches[3].trim().startsWith('T')
-                ? `${matches[1].trim()}${matches[3].trim()}`
-                : `${matches[1].trim()}T${matches[3].trim()}`
-            : matches[1].trim();
-        value = new Date(dateTime);
-        try {
-            // This will fail if the date is not valid
-            value.toISOString();
-        }
-        catch (e) {
-            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT);
-        }
-    }
-    else if (shared.isDate(arg1)) {
-        if (isNaN(arg1.getTime())) {
-            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT);
-        }
-        value = arg1;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isNumber(arg1)) {
-        value = arg1;
-    }
-    else {
-        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
-    }
-    if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
-        options.key = arg2;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2)) {
-        Object.keys(arg2).forEach(key => {
-            if (DATETIME_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS.includes(key)) {
-                overrides[key] = arg2[key];
-            }
-            else {
-                options[key] = arg2[key];
-            }
-        });
-    }
-    if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
-        options.locale = arg3;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
-        overrides = arg3;
-    }
-    if (shared.isPlainObject(arg4)) {
-        overrides = arg4;
-    }
-    return [options.key || '', value, options, overrides];
-}
-/** @internal */
-function clearDateTimeFormat(ctx, locale, format) {
-    const context = ctx;
-    for (const key in format) {
-        const id = `${locale}__${key}`;
-        if (!context.__datetimeFormatters.has(id)) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        context.__datetimeFormatters.delete(id);
-    }
+// implementation of `datetime` function
+function datetime(context, ...args) {
+    const { datetimeFormats, unresolving, fallbackLocale, onWarn, localeFallbacker } = context;
+    const { __datetimeFormatters } = context;
+    if (!Availabilities.dateTimeFormat) {
+        onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE));
+        return MISSING_RESOLVE_VALUE;
+    }
+    const [key, value, options, overrides] = parseDateTimeArgs(...args);
+    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
+        ? options.missingWarn
+        : context.missingWarn;
+    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
+        ? options.fallbackWarn
+        : context.fallbackWarn;
+    const part = !!options.part;
+    const locale = shared.isString(options.locale) ? options.locale : context.locale;
+    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    fallbackLocale, locale);
+    if (!shared.isString(key) || key === '') {
+        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(locale, overrides).format(value);
+    }
+    // resolve format
+    let datetimeFormat = {};
+    let targetLocale;
+    let format = null;
+    let from = locale;
+    let to = null;
+    const type = 'datetime format';
+    for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
+        targetLocale = to = locales[i];
+        if (locale !== targetLocale &&
+            isTranslateFallbackWarn(fallbackWarn, key)) {
+            onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT, {
+                key,
+                target: targetLocale
+            }));
+        }
+        // for vue-devtools timeline event
+        if (locale !== targetLocale) {
+            const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
+            if (emitter) {
+                emitter.emit("fallback" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.FALBACK */, {
+                    type,
+                    key,
+                    from,
+                    to,
+                    groupId: `${type}:${key}`
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        datetimeFormat =
+            datetimeFormats[targetLocale] || {};
+        format = datetimeFormat[key];
+        if (shared.isPlainObject(format))
+            break;
+        handleMissing(context, key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        from = to;
+    }
+    // checking format and target locale
+    if (!shared.isPlainObject(format) || !shared.isString(targetLocale)) {
+        return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
+    }
+    let id = `${targetLocale}__${key}`;
+    if (!shared.isEmptyObject(overrides)) {
+        id = `${id}__${JSON.stringify(overrides)}`;
+    }
+    let formatter = __datetimeFormatters.get(id);
+    if (!formatter) {
+        formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(targetLocale, shared.assign({}, format, overrides));
+        __datetimeFormatters.set(id, formatter);
+    }
+    return !part ? formatter.format(value) : formatter.formatToParts(value);
+}
+/** @internal */
+const DATETIME_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS = [
+    'localeMatcher',
+    'weekday',
+    'era',
+    'year',
+    'month',
+    'day',
+    'hour',
+    'minute',
+    'second',
+    'timeZoneName',
+    'formatMatcher',
+    'hour12',
+    'timeZone',
+    'dateStyle',
+    'timeStyle',
+    'calendar',
+    'dayPeriod',
+    'numberingSystem',
+    'hourCycle',
+    'fractionalSecondDigits'
+];
+/** @internal */
+function parseDateTimeArgs(...args) {
+    const [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4] = args;
+    const options = {};
+    let overrides = {};
+    let value;
+    if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
+        // Only allow ISO strings - other date formats are often supported,
+        // but may cause different results in different browsers.
+        const matches = arg1.match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})(T|\s)?(.*)/);
+        if (!matches) {
+            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        // Some browsers can not parse the iso datetime separated by space,
+        // this is a compromise solution by replace the 'T'/' ' with 'T'
+        const dateTime = matches[3]
+            ? matches[3].trim().startsWith('T')
+                ? `${matches[1].trim()}${matches[3].trim()}`
+                : `${matches[1].trim()}T${matches[3].trim()}`
+            : matches[1].trim();
+        value = new Date(dateTime);
+        try {
+            // This will fail if the date is not valid
+            value.toISOString();
+        }
+        catch (e) {
+            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+    }
+    else if (shared.isDate(arg1)) {
+        if (isNaN(arg1.getTime())) {
+            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        value = arg1;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isNumber(arg1)) {
+        value = arg1;
+    }
+    else {
+        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
+        options.key = arg2;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2)) {
+        Object.keys(arg2).forEach(key => {
+            if (DATETIME_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS.includes(key)) {
+                overrides[key] = arg2[key];
+            }
+            else {
+                options[key] = arg2[key];
+            }
+        });
+    }
+    if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
+        options.locale = arg3;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
+        overrides = arg3;
+    }
+    if (shared.isPlainObject(arg4)) {
+        overrides = arg4;
+    }
+    return [options.key || '', value, options, overrides];
+}
+/** @internal */
+function clearDateTimeFormat(ctx, locale, format) {
+    const context = ctx;
+    for (const key in format) {
+        const id = `${locale}__${key}`;
+        if (!context.__datetimeFormatters.has(id)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        context.__datetimeFormatters.delete(id);
+    }
 }
 
-// implementation of `number` function
-function number(context, ...args) {
-    const { numberFormats, unresolving, fallbackLocale, onWarn, localeFallbacker } = context;
-    const { __numberFormatters } = context;
-    if (!Availabilities.numberFormat) {
-        onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER));
-        return MISSING_RESOLVE_VALUE;
-    }
-    const [key, value, options, overrides] = parseNumberArgs(...args);
-    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
-        ? options.missingWarn
-        : context.missingWarn;
-    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
-        ? options.fallbackWarn
-        : context.fallbackWarn;
-    const part = !!options.part;
-    const locale = shared.isString(options.locale) ? options.locale : context.locale;
-    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    fallbackLocale, locale);
-    if (!shared.isString(key) || key === '') {
-        return new Intl.NumberFormat(locale, overrides).format(value);
-    }
-    // resolve format
-    let numberFormat = {};
-    let targetLocale;
-    let format = null;
-    let from = locale;
-    let to = null;
-    const type = 'number format';
-    for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
-        targetLocale = to = locales[i];
-        if (locale !== targetLocale &&
-            isTranslateFallbackWarn(fallbackWarn, key)) {
-            onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT, {
-                key,
-                target: targetLocale
-            }));
-        }
-        // for vue-devtools timeline event
-        if (locale !== targetLocale) {
-            const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
-            if (emitter) {
-                emitter.emit("fallback" /* FALBACK */, {
-                    type,
-                    key,
-                    from,
-                    to,
-                    groupId: `${type}:${key}`
-                });
-            }
-        }
-        numberFormat =
-            numberFormats[targetLocale] || {};
-        format = numberFormat[key];
-        if (shared.isPlainObject(format))
-            break;
-        handleMissing(context, key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-        from = to;
-    }
-    // checking format and target locale
-    if (!shared.isPlainObject(format) || !shared.isString(targetLocale)) {
-        return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
-    }
-    let id = `${targetLocale}__${key}`;
-    if (!shared.isEmptyObject(overrides)) {
-        id = `${id}__${JSON.stringify(overrides)}`;
-    }
-    let formatter = __numberFormatters.get(id);
-    if (!formatter) {
-        formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat(targetLocale, shared.assign({}, format, overrides));
-        __numberFormatters.set(id, formatter);
-    }
-    return !part ? formatter.format(value) : formatter.formatToParts(value);
-}
-/** @internal */
-const NUMBER_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS = [
-    'localeMatcher',
-    'style',
-    'currency',
-    'currencyDisplay',
-    'currencySign',
-    'useGrouping',
-    'minimumIntegerDigits',
-    'minimumFractionDigits',
-    'maximumFractionDigits',
-    'minimumSignificantDigits',
-    'maximumSignificantDigits',
-    'compactDisplay',
-    'notation',
-    'signDisplay',
-    'unit',
-    'unitDisplay',
-    'roundingMode',
-    'roundingPriority',
-    'roundingIncrement',
-    'trailingZeroDisplay'
-];
-/** @internal */
-function parseNumberArgs(...args) {
-    const [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4] = args;
-    const options = {};
-    let overrides = {};
-    if (!shared.isNumber(arg1)) {
-        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
-    }
-    const value = arg1;
-    if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
-        options.key = arg2;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2)) {
-        Object.keys(arg2).forEach(key => {
-            if (NUMBER_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS.includes(key)) {
-                overrides[key] = arg2[key];
-            }
-            else {
-                options[key] = arg2[key];
-            }
-        });
-    }
-    if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
-        options.locale = arg3;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
-        overrides = arg3;
-    }
-    if (shared.isPlainObject(arg4)) {
-        overrides = arg4;
-    }
-    return [options.key || '', value, options, overrides];
-}
-/** @internal */
-function clearNumberFormat(ctx, locale, format) {
-    const context = ctx;
-    for (const key in format) {
-        const id = `${locale}__${key}`;
-        if (!context.__numberFormatters.has(id)) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        context.__numberFormatters.delete(id);
-    }
+// implementation of `number` function
+function number(context, ...args) {
+    const { numberFormats, unresolving, fallbackLocale, onWarn, localeFallbacker } = context;
+    const { __numberFormatters } = context;
+    if (!Availabilities.numberFormat) {
+        onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER));
+        return MISSING_RESOLVE_VALUE;
+    }
+    const [key, value, options, overrides] = parseNumberArgs(...args);
+    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
+        ? options.missingWarn
+        : context.missingWarn;
+    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
+        ? options.fallbackWarn
+        : context.fallbackWarn;
+    const part = !!options.part;
+    const locale = shared.isString(options.locale) ? options.locale : context.locale;
+    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    fallbackLocale, locale);
+    if (!shared.isString(key) || key === '') {
+        return new Intl.NumberFormat(locale, overrides).format(value);
+    }
+    // resolve format
+    let numberFormat = {};
+    let targetLocale;
+    let format = null;
+    let from = locale;
+    let to = null;
+    const type = 'number format';
+    for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
+        targetLocale = to = locales[i];
+        if (locale !== targetLocale &&
+            isTranslateFallbackWarn(fallbackWarn, key)) {
+            onWarn(getWarnMessage(CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT, {
+                key,
+                target: targetLocale
+            }));
+        }
+        // for vue-devtools timeline event
+        if (locale !== targetLocale) {
+            const emitter = context.__v_emitter;
+            if (emitter) {
+                emitter.emit("fallback" /* VueDevToolsTimelineEvents.FALBACK */, {
+                    type,
+                    key,
+                    from,
+                    to,
+                    groupId: `${type}:${key}`
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        numberFormat =
+            numberFormats[targetLocale] || {};
+        format = numberFormat[key];
+        if (shared.isPlainObject(format))
+            break;
+        handleMissing(context, key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        from = to;
+    }
+    // checking format and target locale
+    if (!shared.isPlainObject(format) || !shared.isString(targetLocale)) {
+        return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
+    }
+    let id = `${targetLocale}__${key}`;
+    if (!shared.isEmptyObject(overrides)) {
+        id = `${id}__${JSON.stringify(overrides)}`;
+    }
+    let formatter = __numberFormatters.get(id);
+    if (!formatter) {
+        formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat(targetLocale, shared.assign({}, format, overrides));
+        __numberFormatters.set(id, formatter);
+    }
+    return !part ? formatter.format(value) : formatter.formatToParts(value);
+}
+/** @internal */
+const NUMBER_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS = [
+    'localeMatcher',
+    'style',
+    'currency',
+    'currencyDisplay',
+    'currencySign',
+    'useGrouping',
+    'minimumIntegerDigits',
+    'minimumFractionDigits',
+    'maximumFractionDigits',
+    'minimumSignificantDigits',
+    'maximumSignificantDigits',
+    'compactDisplay',
+    'notation',
+    'signDisplay',
+    'unit',
+    'unitDisplay',
+    'roundingMode',
+    'roundingPriority',
+    'roundingIncrement',
+    'trailingZeroDisplay'
+];
+/** @internal */
+function parseNumberArgs(...args) {
+    const [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4] = args;
+    const options = {};
+    let overrides = {};
+    if (!shared.isNumber(arg1)) {
+        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    const value = arg1;
+    if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
+        options.key = arg2;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2)) {
+        Object.keys(arg2).forEach(key => {
+            if (NUMBER_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS.includes(key)) {
+                overrides[key] = arg2[key];
+            }
+            else {
+                options[key] = arg2[key];
+            }
+        });
+    }
+    if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
+        options.locale = arg3;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
+        overrides = arg3;
+    }
+    if (shared.isPlainObject(arg4)) {
+        overrides = arg4;
+    }
+    return [options.key || '', value, options, overrides];
+}
+/** @internal */
+function clearNumberFormat(ctx, locale, format) {
+    const context = ctx;
+    for (const key in format) {
+        const id = `${locale}__${key}`;
+        if (!context.__numberFormatters.has(id)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        context.__numberFormatters.delete(id);
+    }
 }
 
 exports.CompileErrorCodes = messageCompiler.CompileErrorCodes;
@@ -1574,6 +1699,7 @@ exports.VERSION = VERSION;
 exports.clearCompileCache = clearCompileCache;
 exports.clearDateTimeFormat = clearDateTimeFormat;
 exports.clearNumberFormat = clearNumberFormat;
+exports.compile = compile;
 exports.compileToFunction = compileToFunction;
 exports.createCoreContext = createCoreContext;
 exports.createCoreError = createCoreError;
@@ -1587,6 +1713,7 @@ exports.getFallbackContext = getFallbackContext;
 exports.getWarnMessage = getWarnMessage;
 exports.handleMissing = handleMissing;
 exports.initI18nDevTools = initI18nDevTools;
+exports.isMessageAST = isMessageAST;
 exports.isMessageFunction = isMessageFunction;
 exports.isTranslateFallbackWarn = isTranslateFallbackWarn;
 exports.isTranslateMissingWarn = isTranslateMissingWarn;