@intlify/core-base 10.0.0-beta.6 → 10.0.0

package/dist/core-base.prod.cjs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*!
-  * core-base v10.0.0-beta.6
+  * core-base v10.0.0
   * (c) 2024 kazuya kawaguchi
   * Released under the MIT License.
   */
@@ -8,402 +8,135 @@
 var messageCompiler = require('@intlify/message-compiler');
 var shared = require('@intlify/shared');
 
-const pathStateMachine =  [];
-pathStateMachine[0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */] = {
-    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */],
-    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
-    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */],
-    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[1 /* States.IN_PATH */] = {
-    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */],
-    ["." /* PathCharTypes.DOT */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */],
-    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */],
-    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */] = {
-    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */],
-    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
-    ["0" /* PathCharTypes.ZERO */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[3 /* States.IN_IDENT */] = {
-    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
-    ["0" /* PathCharTypes.ZERO */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
-    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
-    ["." /* PathCharTypes.DOT */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
-    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
-    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */] = {
-    ["'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */]: [5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
-    ["\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */]: [6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
-    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [
-        4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */,
-        2 /* Actions.INC_SUB_PATH_DEPTH */
-    ],
-    ["]" /* PathCharTypes.RIGHT_BRACKET */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */, 3 /* Actions.PUSH_SUB_PATH */],
-    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
-    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */] = {
-    ["'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
-    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
-    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
-};
-pathStateMachine[6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */] = {
-    ["\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
-    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
-    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
-};
-/**
- * Check if an expression is a literal value.
- */
-const literalValueRE = /^\s?(?:true|false|-?[\d.]+|'[^']*'|"[^"]*")\s?$/;
-function isLiteral(exp) {
-    return literalValueRE.test(exp);
-}
-/**
- * Strip quotes from a string
- */
-function stripQuotes(str) {
-    const a = str.charCodeAt(0);
-    const b = str.charCodeAt(str.length - 1);
-    return a === b && (a === 0x22 || a === 0x27) ? str.slice(1, -1) : str;
+function format(ast) {
+    const msg = (ctx) => formatParts(ctx, ast);
+    return msg;
 }
-/**
- * Determine the type of a character in a keypath.
- */
-function getPathCharType(ch) {
-    if (ch === undefined || ch === null) {
-        return "o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */;
+function formatParts(ctx, ast) {
+    const body = ast.b || ast.body;
+    if ((body.t || body.type) === 1 /* NodeTypes.Plural */) {
+        const plural = body;
+        const cases = plural.c || plural.cases;
+        return ctx.plural(cases.reduce((messages, c) => [
+            ...messages,
+            formatMessageParts(ctx, c)
+        ], []));
     }
-    const code = ch.charCodeAt(0);
-    switch (code) {
-        case 0x5b: // [
-        case 0x5d: // ]
-        case 0x2e: // .
-        case 0x22: // "
-        case 0x27: // '
-            return ch;
-        case 0x5f: // _
-        case 0x24: // $
-        case 0x2d: // -
-            return "i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */;
-        case 0x09: // Tab (HT)
-        case 0x0a: // Newline (LF)
-        case 0x0d: // Return (CR)
-        case 0xa0: // No-break space (NBSP)
-        case 0xfeff: // Byte Order Mark (BOM)
-        case 0x2028: // Line Separator (LS)
-        case 0x2029: // Paragraph Separator (PS)
-            return "w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */;
+    else {
+        return formatMessageParts(ctx, body);
     }
-    return "i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */;
 }
-/**
- * Format a subPath, return its plain form if it is
- * a literal string or number. Otherwise prepend the
- * dynamic indicator (*).
- */
-function formatSubPath(path) {
-    const trimmed = path.trim();
-    // invalid leading 0
-    if (path.charAt(0) === '0' && isNaN(parseInt(path))) {
-        return false;
+function formatMessageParts(ctx, node) {
+    const _static = node.s || node.static;
+    if (_static) {
+        return ctx.type === 'text'
+            ? _static
+            : ctx.normalize([_static]);
     }
-    return isLiteral(trimmed)
-        ? stripQuotes(trimmed)
-        : "*" /* PathCharTypes.ASTARISK */ + trimmed;
-}
-/**
- * Parse a string path into an array of segments
- */
-function parse(path) {
-    const keys = [];
-    let index = -1;
-    let mode = 0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */;
-    let subPathDepth = 0;
-    let c;
-    let key; // eslint-disable-line
-    let newChar;
-    let type;
-    let transition;
-    let action;
-    let typeMap;
-    const actions = [];
-    actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */] = () => {
-        if (key === undefined) {
-            key = newChar;
-        }
-        else {
-            key += newChar;
-        }
-    };
-    actions[1 /* Actions.PUSH */] = () => {
-        if (key !== undefined) {
-            keys.push(key);
-            key = undefined;
-        }
-    };
-    actions[2 /* Actions.INC_SUB_PATH_DEPTH */] = () => {
-        actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
-        subPathDepth++;
-    };
-    actions[3 /* Actions.PUSH_SUB_PATH */] = () => {
-        if (subPathDepth > 0) {
-            subPathDepth--;
-            mode = 4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */;
-            actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
-        }
-        else {
-            subPathDepth = 0;
-            if (key === undefined) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            key = formatSubPath(key);
-            if (key === false) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            else {
-                actions[1 /* Actions.PUSH */]();
-            }
-        }
-    };
-    function maybeUnescapeQuote() {
-        const nextChar = path[index + 1];
-        if ((mode === 5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */ &&
-            nextChar === "'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */) ||
-            (mode === 6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */ &&
-                nextChar === "\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */)) {
-            index++;
-            newChar = '\\' + nextChar;
-            actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
-            return true;
-        }
+    else {
+        const messages = (node.i || node.items).reduce((acm, c) => [...acm, formatMessagePart(ctx, c)], []);
+        return ctx.normalize(messages);
     }
-    while (mode !== null) {
-        index++;
-        c = path[index];
-        if (c === '\\' && maybeUnescapeQuote()) {
-            continue;
+}
+function formatMessagePart(ctx, node) {
+    const type = node.t || node.type;
+    switch (type) {
+        case 3 /* NodeTypes.Text */: {
+            const text = node;
+            return (text.v || text.value);
         }
-        type = getPathCharType(c);
-        typeMap = pathStateMachine[mode];
-        transition = typeMap[type] || typeMap["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */] || 8 /* States.ERROR */;
-        // check parse error
-        if (transition === 8 /* States.ERROR */) {
-            return;
+        case 9 /* NodeTypes.Literal */: {
+            const literal = node;
+            return (literal.v || literal.value);
         }
-        mode = transition[0];
-        if (transition[1] !== undefined) {
-            action = actions[transition[1]];
-            if (action) {
-                newChar = c;
-                if (action() === false) {
-                    return;
-                }
-            }
+        case 4 /* NodeTypes.Named */: {
+            const named = node;
+            return ctx.interpolate(ctx.named(named.k || named.key));
         }
-        // check parse finish
-        if (mode === 7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */) {
-            return keys;
+        case 5 /* NodeTypes.List */: {
+            const list = node;
+            return ctx.interpolate(ctx.list(list.i != null ? list.i : list.index));
         }
-    }
-}
-// path token cache
-const cache = new Map();
-/**
- * key-value message resolver
- *
- * @remarks
- * Resolves messages with the key-value structure. Note that messages with a hierarchical structure such as objects cannot be resolved
- *
- * @param obj - A target object to be resolved with path
- * @param path - A {@link Path | path} to resolve the value of message
- *
- * @returns A resolved {@link PathValue | path value}
- *
- * @VueI18nGeneral
- */
-function resolveWithKeyValue(obj, path) {
-    return shared.isObject(obj) ? obj[path] : null;
-}
-/**
- * message resolver
- *
- * @remarks
- * Resolves messages. messages with a hierarchical structure such as objects can be resolved. This resolver is used in VueI18n as default.
- *
- * @param obj - A target object to be resolved with path
- * @param path - A {@link Path | path} to resolve the value of message
- *
- * @returns A resolved {@link PathValue | path value}
- *
- * @VueI18nGeneral
- */
-function resolveValue(obj, path) {
-    // check object
-    if (!shared.isObject(obj)) {
-        return null;
-    }
-    // parse path
-    let hit = cache.get(path);
-    if (!hit) {
-        hit = parse(path);
-        if (hit) {
-            cache.set(path, hit);
+        case 6 /* NodeTypes.Linked */: {
+            const linked = node;
+            const modifier = linked.m || linked.modifier;
+            return ctx.linked(formatMessagePart(ctx, linked.k || linked.key), modifier ? formatMessagePart(ctx, modifier) : undefined, ctx.type);
         }
-    }
-    // check hit
-    if (!hit) {
-        return null;
-    }
-    // resolve path value
-    const len = hit.length;
-    let last = obj;
-    let i = 0;
-    while (i < len) {
-        const val = last[hit[i]];
-        if (val === undefined) {
-            return null;
+        case 7 /* NodeTypes.LinkedKey */: {
+            const linkedKey = node;
+            return (linkedKey.v || linkedKey.value);
         }
-        if (shared.isFunction(last)) {
-            return null;
+        case 8 /* NodeTypes.LinkedModifier */: {
+            const linkedModifier = node;
+            return (linkedModifier.v || linkedModifier.value);
         }
-        last = val;
-        i++;
+        default:
+            throw new Error(`unhandled node type on format message part: ${type}`);
     }
-    return last;
 }
 
-const DEFAULT_MODIFIER = (str) => str;
-const DEFAULT_MESSAGE = (ctx) => ''; // eslint-disable-line
-const DEFAULT_MESSAGE_DATA_TYPE = 'text';
-const DEFAULT_NORMALIZE = (values) => values.length === 0 ? '' : shared.join(values);
-const DEFAULT_INTERPOLATE = shared.toDisplayString;
-function pluralDefault(choice, choicesLength) {
-    choice = Math.abs(choice);
-    if (choicesLength === 2) {
-        // prettier-ignore
-        return choice
-            ? choice > 1
-                ? 1
-                : 0
-            : 1;
-    }
-    return choice ? Math.min(choice, 2) : 0;
-}
-function getPluralIndex(options) {
-    // prettier-ignore
-    const index = shared.isNumber(options.pluralIndex)
-        ? options.pluralIndex
-        : -1;
-    // prettier-ignore
-    return options.named && (shared.isNumber(options.named.count) || shared.isNumber(options.named.n))
-        ? shared.isNumber(options.named.count)
-            ? options.named.count
-            : shared.isNumber(options.named.n)
-                ? options.named.n
-                : index
-        : index;
-}
-function normalizeNamed(pluralIndex, props) {
-    if (!props.count) {
-        props.count = pluralIndex;
-    }
-    if (!props.n) {
-        props.n = pluralIndex;
-    }
+const defaultOnCacheKey = (message) => message;
+let compileCache = Object.create(null);
+function clearCompileCache() {
+    compileCache = Object.create(null);
 }
-function createMessageContext(options = {}) {
-    const locale = options.locale;
-    const pluralIndex = getPluralIndex(options);
-    const pluralRule = shared.isObject(options.pluralRules) &&
-        shared.isString(locale) &&
-        shared.isFunction(options.pluralRules[locale])
-        ? options.pluralRules[locale]
-        : pluralDefault;
-    const orgPluralRule = shared.isObject(options.pluralRules) &&
-        shared.isString(locale) &&
-        shared.isFunction(options.pluralRules[locale])
-        ? pluralDefault
-        : undefined;
-    const plural = (messages) => {
-        return messages[pluralRule(pluralIndex, messages.length, orgPluralRule)];
+const isMessageAST = (val) => shared.isObject(val) &&
+    (val.t === 0 || val.type === 0) &&
+    ('b' in val || 'body' in val);
+function baseCompile(message, options = {}) {
+    // error detecting on compile
+    let detectError = false;
+    const onError = options.onError || messageCompiler.defaultOnError;
+    options.onError = (err) => {
+        detectError = true;
+        onError(err);
     };
-    const _list = options.list || [];
-    const list = (index) => _list[index];
-    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    const _named = options.named || {};
-    shared.isNumber(options.pluralIndex) && normalizeNamed(pluralIndex, _named);
-    const named = (key) => _named[key];
-    function message(key, useLinked) {
-        // prettier-ignore
-        const msg = shared.isFunction(options.messages)
-            ? options.messages(key, !!useLinked)
-            : shared.isObject(options.messages)
-                ? options.messages[key]
-                : false;
-        return !msg
-            ? options.parent
-                ? options.parent.message(key) // resolve from parent messages
-                : DEFAULT_MESSAGE
-            : msg;
-    }
-    const _modifier = (name) => options.modifiers
-        ? options.modifiers[name]
-        : DEFAULT_MODIFIER;
-    const normalize = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) && shared.isFunction(options.processor.normalize)
-        ? options.processor.normalize
-        : DEFAULT_NORMALIZE;
-    const interpolate = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) &&
-        shared.isFunction(options.processor.interpolate)
-        ? options.processor.interpolate
-        : DEFAULT_INTERPOLATE;
-    const type = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) && shared.isString(options.processor.type)
-        ? options.processor.type
-        : DEFAULT_MESSAGE_DATA_TYPE;
-    const linked = (key, ...args) => {
-        const [arg1, arg2] = args;
-        let type = 'text';
-        let modifier = '';
-        if (args.length === 1) {
-            if (shared.isObject(arg1)) {
-                modifier = arg1.modifier || modifier;
-                type = arg1.type || type;
-            }
-            else if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
-                modifier = arg1 || modifier;
+    // compile with mesasge-compiler
+    return { ...messageCompiler.baseCompile(message, options), detectError };
+}
+/* #__NO_SIDE_EFFECTS__ */
+function compile(message, context) {
+    if (shared.isString(message)) {
+        // check HTML message
+        shared.isBoolean(context.warnHtmlMessage)
+            ? context.warnHtmlMessage
+            : true;
+        // check caches
+        const onCacheKey = context.onCacheKey || defaultOnCacheKey;
+        const cacheKey = onCacheKey(message);
+        const cached = compileCache[cacheKey];
+        if (cached) {
+            return cached;
+        }
+        // compile with JIT mode
+        const { ast, detectError } = baseCompile(message, {
+            ...context,
+            location: false,
+            jit: true
+        });
+        // compose message function from AST
+        const msg = format(ast);
+        // if occurred compile error, don't cache
+        return !detectError
+            ? (compileCache[cacheKey] = msg)
+            : msg;
+    }
+    else {
+        // AST case (passed from bundler)
+        const cacheKey = message.cacheKey;
+        if (cacheKey) {
+            const cached = compileCache[cacheKey];
+            if (cached) {
+                return cached;
             }
+            // compose message function from message (AST)
+            return (compileCache[cacheKey] =
+                format(message));
         }
-        else if (args.length === 2) {
-            if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
-                modifier = arg1 || modifier;
-            }
-            if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
-                type = arg2 || type;
-            }
+        else {
+            return format(message);
         }
-        const ret = message(key, true)(ctx);
-        const msg = 
-        // The message in vnode resolved with linked are returned as an array by processor.nomalize
-        type === 'vnode' && shared.isArray(ret) && modifier
-            ? ret[0]
-            : ret;
-        return modifier ? _modifier(modifier)(msg, type) : msg;
-    };
-    const ctx = {
-        ["list" /* HelperNameMap.LIST */]: list,
-        ["named" /* HelperNameMap.NAMED */]: named,
-        ["plural" /* HelperNameMap.PLURAL */]: plural,
-        ["linked" /* HelperNameMap.LINKED */]: linked,
-        ["message" /* HelperNameMap.MESSAGE */]: message,
-        ["type" /* HelperNameMap.TYPE */]: type,
-        ["interpolate" /* HelperNameMap.INTERPOLATE */]: interpolate,
-        ["normalize" /* HelperNameMap.NORMALIZE */]: normalize,
-        ["values" /* HelperNameMap.VALUES */]: shared.assign({}, _list, _named)
-    };
-    return ctx;
+    }
 }
 
 let devtools = null;
@@ -429,201 +162,469 @@ function createDevToolsHook(hook) {
     return (payloads) => devtools && devtools.emit(hook, payloads);
 }
 
-const CoreWarnCodes = {
-    NOT_FOUND_KEY: 1,
-    FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE: 2,
-    CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER: 3,
-    FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT: 4,
-    CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE: 5,
-    FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT: 6,
-    EXPERIMENTAL_CUSTOM_MESSAGE_COMPILER: 7
+const CoreErrorCodes = {
+    INVALID_ARGUMENT: messageCompiler.COMPILE_ERROR_CODES_EXTEND_POINT, // 17
+    INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT: 18,
+    INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT: 19,
+    NOT_SUPPORT_NON_STRING_MESSAGE: 20,
+    NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_PROMISE_VALUE: 21,
+    NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_ASYNC_FUNCTION: 22,
+    NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_TYPE: 23
+};
+const CORE_ERROR_CODES_EXTEND_POINT = 24;
+function createCoreError(code) {
+    return messageCompiler.createCompileError(code, null, undefined);
+}
+/** @internal */
+({
+    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT]: 'Invalid arguments',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT]: 'The date provided is an invalid Date object.' +
+        'Make sure your Date represents a valid date.',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT]: 'The argument provided is not a valid ISO date string',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_NON_STRING_MESSAGE]: 'Not support non-string message',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_PROMISE_VALUE]: 'cannot support promise value',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_ASYNC_FUNCTION]: 'cannot support async function',
+    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_TYPE]: 'cannot support locale type'
+});
+
+/** @internal */
+function getLocale(context, options) {
+    return options.locale != null
+        ? resolveLocale(options.locale)
+        : resolveLocale(context.locale);
+}
+let _resolveLocale;
+/** @internal */
+function resolveLocale(locale) {
+    if (shared.isString(locale)) {
+        return locale;
+    }
+    else {
+        if (shared.isFunction(locale)) {
+            if (locale.resolvedOnce && _resolveLocale != null) {
+                return _resolveLocale;
+            }
+            else if (locale.constructor.name === 'Function') {
+                const resolve = locale();
+                if (shared.isPromise(resolve)) {
+                    throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_PROMISE_VALUE);
+                }
+                return (_resolveLocale = resolve);
+            }
+            else {
+                throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_ASYNC_FUNCTION);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_TYPE);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Fallback with simple implemenation
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * A fallback locale function implemented with a simple fallback algorithm.
+ *
+ * Basically, it returns the value as specified in the `fallbackLocale` props, and is processed with the fallback inside intlify.
+ *
+ * @param ctx - A {@link CoreContext | context}
+ * @param fallback - A {@link FallbackLocale | fallback locale}
+ * @param start - A starting {@link Locale | locale}
+ *
+ * @returns Fallback locales
+ *
+ * @VueI18nGeneral
+ */
+function fallbackWithSimple(ctx, fallback, start) {
+    // prettier-ignore
+    return [...new Set([
+            start,
+            ...(shared.isArray(fallback)
+                ? fallback
+                : shared.isObject(fallback)
+                    ? Object.keys(fallback)
+                    : shared.isString(fallback)
+                        ? [fallback]
+                        : [start])
+        ])];
+}
+/**
+ * Fallback with locale chain
+ *
+ * @remarks
+ * A fallback locale function implemented with a fallback chain algorithm. It's used in VueI18n as default.
+ *
+ * @param ctx - A {@link CoreContext | context}
+ * @param fallback - A {@link FallbackLocale | fallback locale}
+ * @param start - A starting {@link Locale | locale}
+ *
+ * @returns Fallback locales
+ *
+ * @VueI18nSee [Fallbacking](../guide/essentials/fallback)
+ *
+ * @VueI18nGeneral
+ */
+function fallbackWithLocaleChain(ctx, fallback, start) {
+    const startLocale = shared.isString(start) ? start : DEFAULT_LOCALE;
+    const context = ctx;
+    if (!context.__localeChainCache) {
+        context.__localeChainCache = new Map();
+    }
+    let chain = context.__localeChainCache.get(startLocale);
+    if (!chain) {
+        chain = [];
+        // first block defined by start
+        let block = [start];
+        // while any intervening block found
+        while (shared.isArray(block)) {
+            block = appendBlockToChain(chain, block, fallback);
+        }
+        // prettier-ignore
+        // last block defined by default
+        const defaults = shared.isArray(fallback) || !shared.isPlainObject(fallback)
+            ? fallback
+            : fallback['default']
+                ? fallback['default']
+                : null;
+        // convert defaults to array
+        block = shared.isString(defaults) ? [defaults] : defaults;
+        if (shared.isArray(block)) {
+            appendBlockToChain(chain, block, false);
+        }
+        context.__localeChainCache.set(startLocale, chain);
+    }
+    return chain;
+}
+function appendBlockToChain(chain, block, blocks) {
+    let follow = true;
+    for (let i = 0; i < block.length && shared.isBoolean(follow); i++) {
+        const locale = block[i];
+        if (shared.isString(locale)) {
+            follow = appendLocaleToChain(chain, block[i], blocks);
+        }
+    }
+    return follow;
+}
+function appendLocaleToChain(chain, locale, blocks) {
+    let follow;
+    const tokens = locale.split('-');
+    do {
+        const target = tokens.join('-');
+        follow = appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks);
+        tokens.splice(-1, 1);
+    } while (tokens.length && follow === true);
+    return follow;
+}
+function appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks) {
+    let follow = false;
+    if (!chain.includes(target)) {
+        follow = true;
+        if (target) {
+            follow = target[target.length - 1] !== '!';
+            const locale = target.replace(/!/g, '');
+            chain.push(locale);
+            if ((shared.isArray(blocks) || shared.isPlainObject(blocks)) &&
+                blocks[locale] // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+            ) {
+                // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+                follow = blocks[locale];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return follow;
+}
+
+const pathStateMachine =  [];
+pathStateMachine[0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */] = {
+    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */],
+    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[1 /* States.IN_PATH */] = {
+    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */],
+    ["." /* PathCharTypes.DOT */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */],
+    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */] = {
+    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */],
+    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["0" /* PathCharTypes.ZERO */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[3 /* States.IN_IDENT */] = {
+    ["i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["0" /* PathCharTypes.ZERO */]: [3 /* States.IN_IDENT */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
+    ["." /* PathCharTypes.DOT */]: [2 /* States.BEFORE_IDENT */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
+    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: [7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */, 1 /* Actions.PUSH */]
+};
+pathStateMachine[4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */] = {
+    ["'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */]: [5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */]: [6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["[" /* PathCharTypes.LEFT_BRACKET */]: [
+        4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */,
+        2 /* Actions.INC_SUB_PATH_DEPTH */
+    ],
+    ["]" /* PathCharTypes.RIGHT_BRACKET */]: [1 /* States.IN_PATH */, 3 /* Actions.PUSH_SUB_PATH */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
+    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
 };
-const CORE_WARN_CODES_EXTEND_POINT = 8;
-/** @internal */
-const warnMessages = {
-    [CoreWarnCodes.NOT_FOUND_KEY]: `Not found '{key}' key in '{locale}' locale messages.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE]: `Fall back to translate '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER]: `Cannot format a number value due to not supported Intl.NumberFormat.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT]: `Fall back to number format '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE]: `Cannot format a date value due to not supported Intl.DateTimeFormat.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT]: `Fall back to datetime format '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
-    [CoreWarnCodes.EXPERIMENTAL_CUSTOM_MESSAGE_COMPILER]: `This project is using Custom Message Compiler, which is an experimental feature. It may receive breaking changes or be removed in the future.`
+pathStateMachine[5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */] = {
+    ["'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
+    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
 };
-function getWarnMessage(code, ...args) {
-    return shared.format(warnMessages[code], ...args);
-}
-
-const CoreErrorCodes = {
-    INVALID_ARGUMENT: messageCompiler.COMPILE_ERROR_CODES_EXTEND_POINT, // 17
-    INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT: 18,
-    INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT: 19,
-    NOT_SUPPORT_NON_STRING_MESSAGE: 20,
-    NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_PROMISE_VALUE: 21,
-    NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_ASYNC_FUNCTION: 22,
-    NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_TYPE: 23
+pathStateMachine[6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */] = {
+    ["\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */]: [4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */],
+    ["o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */]: 8 /* States.ERROR */,
+    ["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */]: [6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */, 0 /* Actions.APPEND */]
 };
-const CORE_ERROR_CODES_EXTEND_POINT = 24;
-function createCoreError(code) {
-    return messageCompiler.createCompileError(code, null, undefined);
+/**
+ * Check if an expression is a literal value.
+ */
+const literalValueRE = /^\s?(?:true|false|-?[\d.]+|'[^']*'|"[^"]*")\s?$/;
+function isLiteral(exp) {
+    return literalValueRE.test(exp);
 }
-/** @internal */
-({
-    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT]: 'Invalid arguments',
-    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT]: 'The date provided is an invalid Date object.' +
-        'Make sure your Date represents a valid date.',
-    [CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT]: 'The argument provided is not a valid ISO date string',
-    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_NON_STRING_MESSAGE]: 'Not support non-string message',
-    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_PROMISE_VALUE]: 'cannot support promise value',
-    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_ASYNC_FUNCTION]: 'cannot support async function',
-    [CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_TYPE]: 'cannot support locale type'
-});
-
-/** @internal */
-function getLocale(context, options) {
-    return options.locale != null
-        ? resolveLocale(options.locale)
-        : resolveLocale(context.locale);
+/**
+ * Strip quotes from a string
+ */
+function stripQuotes(str) {
+    const a = str.charCodeAt(0);
+    const b = str.charCodeAt(str.length - 1);
+    return a === b && (a === 0x22 || a === 0x27) ? str.slice(1, -1) : str;
 }
-let _resolveLocale;
-/** @internal */
-function resolveLocale(locale) {
-    if (shared.isString(locale)) {
-        return locale;
+/**
+ * Determine the type of a character in a keypath.
+ */
+function getPathCharType(ch) {
+    if (ch === undefined || ch === null) {
+        return "o" /* PathCharTypes.END_OF_FAIL */;
     }
-    else {
-        if (shared.isFunction(locale)) {
-            if (locale.resolvedOnce && _resolveLocale != null) {
-                return _resolveLocale;
+    const code = ch.charCodeAt(0);
+    switch (code) {
+        case 0x5b: // [
+        case 0x5d: // ]
+        case 0x2e: // .
+        case 0x22: // "
+        case 0x27: // '
+            return ch;
+        case 0x5f: // _
+        case 0x24: // $
+        case 0x2d: // -
+            return "i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */;
+        case 0x09: // Tab (HT)
+        case 0x0a: // Newline (LF)
+        case 0x0d: // Return (CR)
+        case 0xa0: // No-break space (NBSP)
+        case 0xfeff: // Byte Order Mark (BOM)
+        case 0x2028: // Line Separator (LS)
+        case 0x2029: // Paragraph Separator (PS)
+            return "w" /* PathCharTypes.WORKSPACE */;
+    }
+    return "i" /* PathCharTypes.IDENT */;
+}
+/**
+ * Format a subPath, return its plain form if it is
+ * a literal string or number. Otherwise prepend the
+ * dynamic indicator (*).
+ */
+function formatSubPath(path) {
+    const trimmed = path.trim();
+    // invalid leading 0
+    if (path.charAt(0) === '0' && isNaN(parseInt(path))) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return isLiteral(trimmed)
+        ? stripQuotes(trimmed)
+        : "*" /* PathCharTypes.ASTARISK */ + trimmed;
+}
+/**
+ * Parse a string path into an array of segments
+ */
+function parse(path) {
+    const keys = [];
+    let index = -1;
+    let mode = 0 /* States.BEFORE_PATH */;
+    let subPathDepth = 0;
+    let c;
+    let key; // eslint-disable-line
+    let newChar;
+    let type;
+    let transition;
+    let action;
+    let typeMap;
+    const actions = [];
+    actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */] = () => {
+        if (key === undefined) {
+            key = newChar;
+        }
+        else {
+            key += newChar;
+        }
+    };
+    actions[1 /* Actions.PUSH */] = () => {
+        if (key !== undefined) {
+            keys.push(key);
+            key = undefined;
+        }
+    };
+    actions[2 /* Actions.INC_SUB_PATH_DEPTH */] = () => {
+        actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
+        subPathDepth++;
+    };
+    actions[3 /* Actions.PUSH_SUB_PATH */] = () => {
+        if (subPathDepth > 0) {
+            subPathDepth--;
+            mode = 4 /* States.IN_SUB_PATH */;
+            actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
+        }
+        else {
+            subPathDepth = 0;
+            if (key === undefined) {
+                return false;
             }
-            else if (locale.constructor.name === 'Function') {
-                const resolve = locale();
-                if (shared.isPromise(resolve)) {
-                    throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_PROMISE_VALUE);
-                }
-                return (_resolveLocale = resolve);
+            key = formatSubPath(key);
+            if (key === false) {
+                return false;
             }
             else {
-                throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_ASYNC_FUNCTION);
+                actions[1 /* Actions.PUSH */]();
             }
         }
-        else {
-            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.NOT_SUPPORT_LOCALE_TYPE);
+    };
+    function maybeUnescapeQuote() {
+        const nextChar = path[index + 1];
+        if ((mode === 5 /* States.IN_SINGLE_QUOTE */ &&
+            nextChar === "'" /* PathCharTypes.SINGLE_QUOTE */) ||
+            (mode === 6 /* States.IN_DOUBLE_QUOTE */ &&
+                nextChar === "\"" /* PathCharTypes.DOUBLE_QUOTE */)) {
+            index++;
+            newChar = '\\' + nextChar;
+            actions[0 /* Actions.APPEND */]();
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    while (mode !== null) {
+        index++;
+        c = path[index];
+        if (c === '\\' && maybeUnescapeQuote()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        type = getPathCharType(c);
+        typeMap = pathStateMachine[mode];
+        transition = typeMap[type] || typeMap["l" /* PathCharTypes.ELSE */] || 8 /* States.ERROR */;
+        // check parse error
+        if (transition === 8 /* States.ERROR */) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mode = transition[0];
+        if (transition[1] !== undefined) {
+            action = actions[transition[1]];
+            if (action) {
+                newChar = c;
+                if (action() === false) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // check parse finish
+        if (mode === 7 /* States.AFTER_PATH */) {
+            return keys;
         }
     }
 }
+// path token cache
+const cache = new Map();
 /**
- * Fallback with simple implemenation
+ * key-value message resolver
  *
  * @remarks
- * A fallback locale function implemented with a simple fallback algorithm.
- *
- * Basically, it returns the value as specified in the `fallbackLocale` props, and is processed with the fallback inside intlify.
+ * Resolves messages with the key-value structure. Note that messages with a hierarchical structure such as objects cannot be resolved
  *
- * @param ctx - A {@link CoreContext | context}
- * @param fallback - A {@link FallbackLocale | fallback locale}
- * @param start - A starting {@link Locale | locale}
+ * @param obj - A target object to be resolved with path
+ * @param path - A {@link Path | path} to resolve the value of message
  *
- * @returns Fallback locales
+ * @returns A resolved {@link PathValue | path value}
  *
  * @VueI18nGeneral
  */
-function fallbackWithSimple(ctx, fallback, start) {
-    // prettier-ignore
-    return [...new Set([
-            start,
-            ...(shared.isArray(fallback)
-                ? fallback
-                : shared.isObject(fallback)
-                    ? Object.keys(fallback)
-                    : shared.isString(fallback)
-                        ? [fallback]
-                        : [start])
-        ])];
+function resolveWithKeyValue(obj, path) {
+    return shared.isObject(obj) ? obj[path] : null;
 }
 /**
- * Fallback with locale chain
- *
- * @remarks
- * A fallback locale function implemented with a fallback chain algorithm. It's used in VueI18n as default.
+ * message resolver
  *
- * @param ctx - A {@link CoreContext | context}
- * @param fallback - A {@link FallbackLocale | fallback locale}
- * @param start - A starting {@link Locale | locale}
+ * @remarks
+ * Resolves messages. messages with a hierarchical structure such as objects can be resolved. This resolver is used in VueI18n as default.
  *
- * @returns Fallback locales
+ * @param obj - A target object to be resolved with path
+ * @param path - A {@link Path | path} to resolve the value of message
  *
- * @VueI18nSee [Fallbacking](../guide/essentials/fallback)
+ * @returns A resolved {@link PathValue | path value}
  *
  * @VueI18nGeneral
  */
-function fallbackWithLocaleChain(ctx, fallback, start) {
-    const startLocale = shared.isString(start) ? start : DEFAULT_LOCALE;
-    const context = ctx;
-    if (!context.__localeChainCache) {
-        context.__localeChainCache = new Map();
+function resolveValue(obj, path) {
+    // check object
+    if (!shared.isObject(obj)) {
+        return null;
     }
-    let chain = context.__localeChainCache.get(startLocale);
-    if (!chain) {
-        chain = [];
-        // first block defined by start
-        let block = [start];
-        // while any intervening block found
-        while (shared.isArray(block)) {
-            block = appendBlockToChain(chain, block, fallback);
-        }
-        // prettier-ignore
-        // last block defined by default
-        const defaults = shared.isArray(fallback) || !shared.isPlainObject(fallback)
-            ? fallback
-            : fallback['default']
-                ? fallback['default']
-                : null;
-        // convert defaults to array
-        block = shared.isString(defaults) ? [defaults] : defaults;
-        if (shared.isArray(block)) {
-            appendBlockToChain(chain, block, false);
+    // parse path
+    let hit = cache.get(path);
+    if (!hit) {
+        hit = parse(path);
+        if (hit) {
+            cache.set(path, hit);
         }
-        context.__localeChainCache.set(startLocale, chain);
     }
-    return chain;
-}
-function appendBlockToChain(chain, block, blocks) {
-    let follow = true;
-    for (let i = 0; i < block.length && shared.isBoolean(follow); i++) {
-        const locale = block[i];
-        if (shared.isString(locale)) {
-            follow = appendLocaleToChain(chain, block[i], blocks);
-        }
+    // check hit
+    if (!hit) {
+        return null;
     }
-    return follow;
-}
-function appendLocaleToChain(chain, locale, blocks) {
-    let follow;
-    const tokens = locale.split('-');
-    do {
-        const target = tokens.join('-');
-        follow = appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks);
-        tokens.splice(-1, 1);
-    } while (tokens.length && follow === true);
-    return follow;
-}
-function appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks) {
-    let follow = false;
-    if (!chain.includes(target)) {
-        follow = true;
-        if (target) {
-            follow = target[target.length - 1] !== '!';
-            const locale = target.replace(/!/g, '');
-            chain.push(locale);
-            if ((shared.isArray(blocks) || shared.isPlainObject(blocks)) &&
-                blocks[locale] // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-            ) {
-                // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-                follow = blocks[locale];
-            }
+    // resolve path value
+    const len = hit.length;
+    let last = obj;
+    let i = 0;
+    while (i < len) {
+        const val = last[hit[i]];
+        if (val === undefined) {
+            return null;
         }
+        if (shared.isFunction(last)) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        last = val;
+        i++;
     }
-    return follow;
+    return last;
+}
+
+const CoreWarnCodes = {
+    NOT_FOUND_KEY: 1,
+    FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE: 2,
+    CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER: 3,
+    FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT: 4,
+    CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE: 5,
+    FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT: 6,
+    EXPERIMENTAL_CUSTOM_MESSAGE_COMPILER: 7
+};
+const CORE_WARN_CODES_EXTEND_POINT = 8;
+/** @internal */
+const warnMessages = {
+    [CoreWarnCodes.NOT_FOUND_KEY]: `Not found '{key}' key in '{locale}' locale messages.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_TRANSLATE]: `Fall back to translate '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_NUMBER]: `Cannot format a number value due to not supported Intl.NumberFormat.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_NUMBER_FORMAT]: `Fall back to number format '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.CANNOT_FORMAT_DATE]: `Cannot format a date value due to not supported Intl.DateTimeFormat.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.FALLBACK_TO_DATE_FORMAT]: `Fall back to datetime format '{key}' key with '{target}' locale.`,
+    [CoreWarnCodes.EXPERIMENTAL_CUSTOM_MESSAGE_COMPILER]: `This project is using Custom Message Compiler, which is an experimental feature. It may receive breaking changes or be removed in the future.`
+};
+function getWarnMessage(code, ...args) {
+    return shared.format(warnMessages[code], ...args);
 }
 
 /* eslint-disable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
@@ -631,7 +632,7 @@ function appendItemToChain(chain, target, blocks) {
  * Intlify core-base version
  * @internal
  */
-const VERSION = '10.0.0-beta.6';
+const VERSION = '10.0.0';
 const NOT_REOSLVED = -1;
 const DEFAULT_LOCALE = 'en-US';
 const MISSING_RESOLVE_VALUE = '';
@@ -830,671 +831,670 @@ function updateFallbackLocale(ctx, locale, fallback) {
     context.__localeChainCache = new Map();
     ctx.localeFallbacker(ctx, fallback, locale);
 }
-/** @internal */
-function isAlmostSameLocale(locale, compareLocale) {
-    if (locale === compareLocale)
-        return false;
-    return locale.split('-')[0] === compareLocale.split('-')[0];
-}
-/** @internal */
-function isImplicitFallback(targetLocale, locales) {
-    const index = locales.indexOf(targetLocale);
-    if (index === -1) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    for (let i = index + 1; i < locales.length; i++) {
-        if (isAlmostSameLocale(targetLocale, locales[i])) {
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-/* eslint-enable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
-
-function format(ast) {
-    const msg = (ctx) => formatParts(ctx, ast);
-    return msg;
-}
-function formatParts(ctx, ast) {
-    const body = ast.b || ast.body;
-    if ((body.t || body.type) === 1 /* NodeTypes.Plural */) {
-        const plural = body;
-        const cases = plural.c || plural.cases;
-        return ctx.plural(cases.reduce((messages, c) => [
-            ...messages,
-            formatMessageParts(ctx, c)
-        ], []));
-    }
-    else {
-        return formatMessageParts(ctx, body);
-    }
-}
-function formatMessageParts(ctx, node) {
-    const _static = node.s || node.static;
-    if (_static) {
-        return ctx.type === 'text'
-            ? _static
-            : ctx.normalize([_static]);
-    }
-    else {
-        const messages = (node.i || node.items).reduce((acm, c) => [...acm, formatMessagePart(ctx, c)], []);
-        return ctx.normalize(messages);
-    }
-}
-function formatMessagePart(ctx, node) {
-    const type = node.t || node.type;
-    switch (type) {
-        case 3 /* NodeTypes.Text */: {
-            const text = node;
-            return (text.v || text.value);
-        }
-        case 9 /* NodeTypes.Literal */: {
-            const literal = node;
-            return (literal.v || literal.value);
-        }
-        case 4 /* NodeTypes.Named */: {
-            const named = node;
-            return ctx.interpolate(ctx.named(named.k || named.key));
-        }
-        case 5 /* NodeTypes.List */: {
-            const list = node;
-            return ctx.interpolate(ctx.list(list.i != null ? list.i : list.index));
-        }
-        case 6 /* NodeTypes.Linked */: {
-            const linked = node;
-            const modifier = linked.m || linked.modifier;
-            return ctx.linked(formatMessagePart(ctx, linked.k || linked.key), modifier ? formatMessagePart(ctx, modifier) : undefined, ctx.type);
-        }
-        case 7 /* NodeTypes.LinkedKey */: {
-            const linkedKey = node;
-            return (linkedKey.v || linkedKey.value);
-        }
-        case 8 /* NodeTypes.LinkedModifier */: {
-            const linkedModifier = node;
-            return (linkedModifier.v || linkedModifier.value);
-        }
-        default:
-            throw new Error(`unhandled node type on format message part: ${type}`);
-    }
-}
-
-const defaultOnCacheKey = (message) => message;
-let compileCache = Object.create(null);
-function clearCompileCache() {
-    compileCache = Object.create(null);
-}
-const isMessageAST = (val) => shared.isObject(val) &&
-    (val.t === 0 || val.type === 0) &&
-    ('b' in val || 'body' in val);
-function baseCompile(message, options = {}) {
-    // error detecting on compile
-    let detectError = false;
-    const onError = options.onError || messageCompiler.defaultOnError;
-    options.onError = (err) => {
-        detectError = true;
-        onError(err);
-    };
-    // compile with mesasge-compiler
-    return { ...messageCompiler.baseCompile(message, options), detectError };
-}
-/* #__NO_SIDE_EFFECTS__ */
-function compile(message, context) {
-    if (shared.isString(message)) {
-        // check HTML message
-        shared.isBoolean(context.warnHtmlMessage)
-            ? context.warnHtmlMessage
-            : true;
-        // check caches
-        const onCacheKey = context.onCacheKey || defaultOnCacheKey;
-        const cacheKey = onCacheKey(message);
-        const cached = compileCache[cacheKey];
-        if (cached) {
-            return cached;
-        }
-        // compile with JIT mode
-        const { ast, detectError } = baseCompile(message, {
-            ...context,
-            location: false,
-            jit: true
-        });
-        // compose message function from AST
-        const msg = format(ast);
-        // if occurred compile error, don't cache
-        return !detectError
-            ? (compileCache[cacheKey] = msg)
-            : msg;
+/** @internal */
+function isAlmostSameLocale(locale, compareLocale) {
+    if (locale === compareLocale)
+        return false;
+    return locale.split('-')[0] === compareLocale.split('-')[0];
+}
+/** @internal */
+function isImplicitFallback(targetLocale, locales) {
+    const index = locales.indexOf(targetLocale);
+    if (index === -1) {
+        return false;
     }
-    else {
-        // AST case (passed from bundler)
-        const cacheKey = message.cacheKey;
-        if (cacheKey) {
-            const cached = compileCache[cacheKey];
-            if (cached) {
-                return cached;
-            }
-            // compose message function from message (AST)
-            return (compileCache[cacheKey] =
-                format(message));
-        }
-        else {
-            return format(message);
+    for (let i = index + 1; i < locales.length; i++) {
+        if (isAlmostSameLocale(targetLocale, locales[i])) {
+            return true;
         }
     }
+    return false;
 }
+/* eslint-enable @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any */
 
-const NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION = () => '';
-const isMessageFunction = (val) => shared.isFunction(val);
-// implementation of `translate` function
-function translate(context, ...args) {
-    const { fallbackFormat, postTranslation, unresolving, messageCompiler, fallbackLocale, messages } = context;
-    const [key, options] = parseTranslateArgs(...args);
+// implementation of `datetime` function
+function datetime(context, ...args) {
+    const { datetimeFormats, unresolving, fallbackLocale, onWarn, localeFallbacker } = context;
+    const { __datetimeFormatters } = context;
+    const [key, value, options, overrides] = parseDateTimeArgs(...args);
     const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
         ? options.missingWarn
         : context.missingWarn;
-    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
+    shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
         ? options.fallbackWarn
         : context.fallbackWarn;
-    const escapeParameter = shared.isBoolean(options.escapeParameter)
-        ? options.escapeParameter
-        : context.escapeParameter;
-    const resolvedMessage = !!options.resolvedMessage;
-    // prettier-ignore
-    const defaultMsgOrKey = shared.isString(options.default) || shared.isBoolean(options.default) // default by function option
-        ? !shared.isBoolean(options.default)
-            ? options.default
-            : (!messageCompiler ? () => key : key)
-        : fallbackFormat // default by `fallbackFormat` option
-            ? (!messageCompiler ? () => key : key)
-            : null;
-    const enableDefaultMsg = fallbackFormat ||
-        (defaultMsgOrKey != null &&
-            (shared.isString(defaultMsgOrKey) || shared.isFunction(defaultMsgOrKey)));
+    const part = !!options.part;
     const locale = getLocale(context, options);
-    // escape params
-    escapeParameter && escapeParams(options);
-    // resolve message format
-    // eslint-disable-next-line prefer-const
-    let [formatScope, targetLocale, message] = !resolvedMessage
-        ? resolveMessageFormat(context, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn)
-        : [
-            key,
-            locale,
-            messages[locale] || {}
-        ];
-    // NOTE:
-    //  Fix to work around `ssrTransfrom` bug in Vite.
-    //  https://github.com/vitejs/vite/issues/4306
-    //  To get around this, use temporary variables.
-    //  https://github.com/nuxt/framework/issues/1461#issuecomment-954606243
-    let format = formatScope;
-    // if you use default message, set it as message format!
-    let cacheBaseKey = key;
-    if (!resolvedMessage &&
-        !(shared.isString(format) ||
-            isMessageAST(format) ||
-            isMessageFunction(format))) {
-        if (enableDefaultMsg) {
-            format = defaultMsgOrKey;
-            cacheBaseKey = format;
-        }
+    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    fallbackLocale, locale);
+    if (!shared.isString(key) || key === '') {
+        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(locale, overrides).format(value);
     }
-    // checking message format and target locale
-    if (!resolvedMessage &&
-        (!(shared.isString(format) ||
-            isMessageAST(format) ||
-            isMessageFunction(format)) ||
-            !shared.isString(targetLocale))) {
+    // resolve format
+    let datetimeFormat = {};
+    let targetLocale;
+    let format = null;
+    const type = 'datetime format';
+    for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
+        targetLocale = locales[i];
+        datetimeFormat =
+            datetimeFormats[targetLocale] || {};
+        format = datetimeFormat[key];
+        if (shared.isPlainObject(format))
+            break;
+        handleMissing(context, key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    }
+    // checking format and target locale
+    if (!shared.isPlainObject(format) || !shared.isString(targetLocale)) {
         return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
     }
-    // setup compile error detecting
-    let occurred = false;
-    const onError = () => {
-        occurred = true;
-    };
-    // compile message format
-    const msg = !isMessageFunction(format)
-        ? compileMessageFormat(context, key, targetLocale, format, cacheBaseKey, onError)
-        : format;
-    // if occurred compile error, return the message format
-    if (occurred) {
-        return format;
+    let id = `${targetLocale}__${key}`;
+    if (!shared.isEmptyObject(overrides)) {
+        id = `${id}__${JSON.stringify(overrides)}`;
     }
-    // evaluate message with context
-    const ctxOptions = getMessageContextOptions(context, targetLocale, message, options);
-    const msgContext = createMessageContext(ctxOptions);
-    const messaged = evaluateMessage(context, msg, msgContext);
-    // if use post translation option, proceed it with handler
-    const ret = postTranslation
-        ? postTranslation(messaged, key)
-        : messaged;
-    return ret;
+    let formatter = __datetimeFormatters.get(id);
+    if (!formatter) {
+        formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(targetLocale, shared.assign({}, format, overrides));
+        __datetimeFormatters.set(id, formatter);
+    }
+    return !part ? formatter.format(value) : formatter.formatToParts(value);
 }
-function escapeParams(options) {
-    if (shared.isArray(options.list)) {
-        options.list = options.list.map(item => shared.isString(item) ? shared.escapeHtml(item) : item);
+/** @internal */
+const DATETIME_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS = [
+    'localeMatcher',
+    'weekday',
+    'era',
+    'year',
+    'month',
+    'day',
+    'hour',
+    'minute',
+    'second',
+    'timeZoneName',
+    'formatMatcher',
+    'hour12',
+    'timeZone',
+    'dateStyle',
+    'timeStyle',
+    'calendar',
+    'dayPeriod',
+    'numberingSystem',
+    'hourCycle',
+    'fractionalSecondDigits'
+];
+/** @internal */
+function parseDateTimeArgs(...args) {
+    const [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4] = args;
+    const options = {};
+    let overrides = {};
+    let value;
+    if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
+        // Only allow ISO strings - other date formats are often supported,
+        // but may cause different results in different browsers.
+        const matches = arg1.match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})(T|\s)?(.*)/);
+        if (!matches) {
+            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        // Some browsers can not parse the iso datetime separated by space,
+        // this is a compromise solution by replace the 'T'/' ' with 'T'
+        const dateTime = matches[3]
+            ? matches[3].trim().startsWith('T')
+                ? `${matches[1].trim()}${matches[3].trim()}`
+                : `${matches[1].trim()}T${matches[3].trim()}`
+            : matches[1].trim();
+        value = new Date(dateTime);
+        try {
+            // This will fail if the date is not valid
+            value.toISOString();
+        }
+        catch {
+            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT);
+        }
     }
-    else if (shared.isObject(options.named)) {
-        Object.keys(options.named).forEach(key => {
-            if (shared.isString(options.named[key])) {
-                options.named[key] = shared.escapeHtml(options.named[key]);
+    else if (shared.isDate(arg1)) {
+        if (isNaN(arg1.getTime())) {
+            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        value = arg1;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isNumber(arg1)) {
+        value = arg1;
+    }
+    else {
+        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
+        options.key = arg2;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2)) {
+        Object.keys(arg2).forEach(key => {
+            if (DATETIME_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS.includes(key)) {
+                overrides[key] = arg2[key];
+            }
+            else {
+                options[key] = arg2[key];
             }
         });
     }
-}
-function resolveMessageFormat(context, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn) {
-    const { messages, onWarn, messageResolver: resolveValue, localeFallbacker } = context;
-    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, fallbackLocale, locale); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    let message = {};
+    if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
+        options.locale = arg3;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
+        overrides = arg3;
+    }
+    if (shared.isPlainObject(arg4)) {
+        overrides = arg4;
+    }
+    return [options.key || '', value, options, overrides];
+}
+/** @internal */
+function clearDateTimeFormat(ctx, locale, format) {
+    const context = ctx;
+    for (const key in format) {
+        const id = `${locale}__${key}`;
+        if (!context.__datetimeFormatters.has(id)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        context.__datetimeFormatters.delete(id);
+    }
+}
+
+// implementation of `number` function
+function number(context, ...args) {
+    const { numberFormats, unresolving, fallbackLocale, onWarn, localeFallbacker } = context;
+    const { __numberFormatters } = context;
+    const [key, value, options, overrides] = parseNumberArgs(...args);
+    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
+        ? options.missingWarn
+        : context.missingWarn;
+    shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
+        ? options.fallbackWarn
+        : context.fallbackWarn;
+    const part = !!options.part;
+    const locale = getLocale(context, options);
+    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    fallbackLocale, locale);
+    if (!shared.isString(key) || key === '') {
+        return new Intl.NumberFormat(locale, overrides).format(value);
+    }
+    // resolve format
+    let numberFormat = {};
     let targetLocale;
     let format = null;
-    const type = 'translate';
+    const type = 'number format';
     for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
         targetLocale = locales[i];
-        message =
-            messages[targetLocale] || {};
-        if ((format = resolveValue(message, key)) === null) {
-            // if null, resolve with object key path
-            format = message[key]; // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-        }
-        if (shared.isString(format) || isMessageAST(format) || isMessageFunction(format)) {
+        numberFormat =
+            numberFormats[targetLocale] || {};
+        format = numberFormat[key];
+        if (shared.isPlainObject(format))
             break;
-        }
-        if (!isImplicitFallback(targetLocale, locales)) {
-            const missingRet = handleMissing(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-            key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type);
-            if (missingRet !== key) {
-                format = missingRet;
-            }
-        }
+        handleMissing(context, key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
     }
-    return [format, targetLocale, message];
-}
-function compileMessageFormat(context, key, targetLocale, format, cacheBaseKey, onError) {
-    const { messageCompiler, warnHtmlMessage } = context;
-    if (isMessageFunction(format)) {
-        const msg = format;
-        msg.locale = msg.locale || targetLocale;
-        msg.key = msg.key || key;
-        return msg;
+    // checking format and target locale
+    if (!shared.isPlainObject(format) || !shared.isString(targetLocale)) {
+        return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
     }
-    if (messageCompiler == null) {
-        const msg = (() => format);
-        msg.locale = targetLocale;
-        msg.key = key;
-        return msg;
+    let id = `${targetLocale}__${key}`;
+    if (!shared.isEmptyObject(overrides)) {
+        id = `${id}__${JSON.stringify(overrides)}`;
     }
-    const msg = messageCompiler(format, getCompileContext(context, targetLocale, cacheBaseKey, format, warnHtmlMessage, onError));
-    msg.locale = targetLocale;
-    msg.key = key;
-    msg.source = format;
-    return msg;
-}
-function evaluateMessage(context, msg, msgCtx) {
-    const messaged = msg(msgCtx);
-    return messaged;
+    let formatter = __numberFormatters.get(id);
+    if (!formatter) {
+        formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat(targetLocale, shared.assign({}, format, overrides));
+        __numberFormatters.set(id, formatter);
+    }
+    return !part ? formatter.format(value) : formatter.formatToParts(value);
 }
 /** @internal */
-function parseTranslateArgs(...args) {
-    const [arg1, arg2, arg3] = args;
+const NUMBER_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS = [
+    'localeMatcher',
+    'style',
+    'currency',
+    'currencyDisplay',
+    'currencySign',
+    'useGrouping',
+    'minimumIntegerDigits',
+    'minimumFractionDigits',
+    'maximumFractionDigits',
+    'minimumSignificantDigits',
+    'maximumSignificantDigits',
+    'compactDisplay',
+    'notation',
+    'signDisplay',
+    'unit',
+    'unitDisplay',
+    'roundingMode',
+    'roundingPriority',
+    'roundingIncrement',
+    'trailingZeroDisplay'
+];
+/** @internal */
+function parseNumberArgs(...args) {
+    const [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4] = args;
     const options = {};
-    if (!shared.isString(arg1) &&
-        !shared.isNumber(arg1) &&
-        !isMessageFunction(arg1) &&
-        !isMessageAST(arg1)) {
+    let overrides = {};
+    if (!shared.isNumber(arg1)) {
         throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
     }
-    // prettier-ignore
-    const key = shared.isNumber(arg1)
-        ? String(arg1)
-        : isMessageFunction(arg1)
-            ? arg1
-            : arg1;
-    if (shared.isNumber(arg2)) {
-        options.plural = arg2;
+    const value = arg1;
+    if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
+        options.key = arg2;
     }
-    else if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
-        options.default = arg2;
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2)) {
+        Object.keys(arg2).forEach(key => {
+            if (NUMBER_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS.includes(key)) {
+                overrides[key] = arg2[key];
+            }
+            else {
+                options[key] = arg2[key];
+            }
+        });
     }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2) && !shared.isEmptyObject(arg2)) {
-        options.named = arg2;
+    if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
+        options.locale = arg3;
     }
-    else if (shared.isArray(arg2)) {
-        options.list = arg2;
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
+        overrides = arg3;
     }
-    if (shared.isNumber(arg3)) {
-        options.plural = arg3;
+    if (shared.isPlainObject(arg4)) {
+        overrides = arg4;
     }
-    else if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
-        options.default = arg3;
+    return [options.key || '', value, options, overrides];
+}
+/** @internal */
+function clearNumberFormat(ctx, locale, format) {
+    const context = ctx;
+    for (const key in format) {
+        const id = `${locale}__${key}`;
+        if (!context.__numberFormatters.has(id)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        context.__numberFormatters.delete(id);
     }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
-        shared.assign(options, arg3);
+}
+
+const DEFAULT_MODIFIER = (str) => str;
+const DEFAULT_MESSAGE = (ctx) => ''; // eslint-disable-line
+const DEFAULT_MESSAGE_DATA_TYPE = 'text';
+const DEFAULT_NORMALIZE = (values) => values.length === 0 ? '' : shared.join(values);
+const DEFAULT_INTERPOLATE = shared.toDisplayString;
+function pluralDefault(choice, choicesLength) {
+    choice = Math.abs(choice);
+    if (choicesLength === 2) {
+        // prettier-ignore
+        return choice
+            ? choice > 1
+                ? 1
+                : 0
+            : 1;
     }
-    return [key, options];
+    return choice ? Math.min(choice, 2) : 0;
 }
-function getCompileContext(context, locale, key, source, warnHtmlMessage, onError) {
-    return {
-        locale,
-        key,
-        warnHtmlMessage,
-        onError: (err) => {
-            onError && onError(err);
-            {
-                throw err;
+function getPluralIndex(options) {
+    // prettier-ignore
+    const index = shared.isNumber(options.pluralIndex)
+        ? options.pluralIndex
+        : -1;
+    // prettier-ignore
+    return options.named && (shared.isNumber(options.named.count) || shared.isNumber(options.named.n))
+        ? shared.isNumber(options.named.count)
+            ? options.named.count
+            : shared.isNumber(options.named.n)
+                ? options.named.n
+                : index
+        : index;
+}
+function normalizeNamed(pluralIndex, props) {
+    if (!props.count) {
+        props.count = pluralIndex;
+    }
+    if (!props.n) {
+        props.n = pluralIndex;
+    }
+}
+function createMessageContext(options = {}) {
+    const locale = options.locale;
+    const pluralIndex = getPluralIndex(options);
+    const pluralRule = shared.isObject(options.pluralRules) &&
+        shared.isString(locale) &&
+        shared.isFunction(options.pluralRules[locale])
+        ? options.pluralRules[locale]
+        : pluralDefault;
+    const orgPluralRule = shared.isObject(options.pluralRules) &&
+        shared.isString(locale) &&
+        shared.isFunction(options.pluralRules[locale])
+        ? pluralDefault
+        : undefined;
+    const plural = (messages) => {
+        return messages[pluralRule(pluralIndex, messages.length, orgPluralRule)];
+    };
+    const _list = options.list || [];
+    const list = (index) => _list[index];
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    const _named = options.named || {};
+    shared.isNumber(options.pluralIndex) && normalizeNamed(pluralIndex, _named);
+    const named = (key) => _named[key];
+    function message(key, useLinked) {
+        // prettier-ignore
+        const msg = shared.isFunction(options.messages)
+            ? options.messages(key, !!useLinked)
+            : shared.isObject(options.messages)
+                ? options.messages[key]
+                : false;
+        return !msg
+            ? options.parent
+                ? options.parent.message(key) // resolve from parent messages
+                : DEFAULT_MESSAGE
+            : msg;
+    }
+    const _modifier = (name) => options.modifiers
+        ? options.modifiers[name]
+        : DEFAULT_MODIFIER;
+    const normalize = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) && shared.isFunction(options.processor.normalize)
+        ? options.processor.normalize
+        : DEFAULT_NORMALIZE;
+    const interpolate = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) &&
+        shared.isFunction(options.processor.interpolate)
+        ? options.processor.interpolate
+        : DEFAULT_INTERPOLATE;
+    const type = shared.isPlainObject(options.processor) && shared.isString(options.processor.type)
+        ? options.processor.type
+        : DEFAULT_MESSAGE_DATA_TYPE;
+    const linked = (key, ...args) => {
+        const [arg1, arg2] = args;
+        let type = 'text';
+        let modifier = '';
+        if (args.length === 1) {
+            if (shared.isObject(arg1)) {
+                modifier = arg1.modifier || modifier;
+                type = arg1.type || type;
+            }
+            else if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
+                modifier = arg1 || modifier;
             }
-        },
-        onCacheKey: (source) => shared.generateFormatCacheKey(locale, key, source)
-    };
-}
-function getMessageContextOptions(context, locale, message, options) {
-    const { modifiers, pluralRules, messageResolver: resolveValue, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn, fallbackContext } = context;
-    const resolveMessage = (key, useLinked) => {
-        let val = resolveValue(message, key);
-        // fallback
-        if (val == null && (fallbackContext || useLinked)) {
-            const [, , message] = resolveMessageFormat(fallbackContext || context, // NOTE: if has fallbackContext, fallback to root, else if use linked, fallback to local context
-            key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn);
-            val = resolveValue(message, key);
-        }
-        if (shared.isString(val) || isMessageAST(val)) {
-            let occurred = false;
-            const onError = () => {
-                occurred = true;
-            };
-            const msg = compileMessageFormat(context, key, locale, val, key, onError);
-            return !occurred
-                ? msg
-                : NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION;
-        }
-        else if (isMessageFunction(val)) {
-            return val;
         }
-        else {
-            // TODO: should be implemented warning message
-            return NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION;
+        else if (args.length === 2) {
+            if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
+                modifier = arg1 || modifier;
+            }
+            if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
+                type = arg2 || type;
+            }
         }
+        const ret = message(key, true)(ctx);
+        const msg = 
+        // The message in vnode resolved with linked are returned as an array by processor.nomalize
+        type === 'vnode' && shared.isArray(ret) && modifier
+            ? ret[0]
+            : ret;
+        return modifier ? _modifier(modifier)(msg, type) : msg;
     };
-    const ctxOptions = {
-        locale,
-        modifiers,
-        pluralRules,
-        messages: resolveMessage
+    const ctx = {
+        ["list" /* HelperNameMap.LIST */]: list,
+        ["named" /* HelperNameMap.NAMED */]: named,
+        ["plural" /* HelperNameMap.PLURAL */]: plural,
+        ["linked" /* HelperNameMap.LINKED */]: linked,
+        ["message" /* HelperNameMap.MESSAGE */]: message,
+        ["type" /* HelperNameMap.TYPE */]: type,
+        ["interpolate" /* HelperNameMap.INTERPOLATE */]: interpolate,
+        ["normalize" /* HelperNameMap.NORMALIZE */]: normalize,
+        ["values" /* HelperNameMap.VALUES */]: shared.assign({}, _list, _named)
     };
-    if (context.processor) {
-        ctxOptions.processor = context.processor;
-    }
-    if (options.list) {
-        ctxOptions.list = options.list;
-    }
-    if (options.named) {
-        ctxOptions.named = options.named;
-    }
-    if (shared.isNumber(options.plural)) {
-        ctxOptions.pluralIndex = options.plural;
-    }
-    return ctxOptions;
+    return ctx;
 }
 
-// implementation of `datetime` function
-function datetime(context, ...args) {
-    const { datetimeFormats, unresolving, fallbackLocale, onWarn, localeFallbacker } = context;
-    const { __datetimeFormatters } = context;
-    const [key, value, options, overrides] = parseDateTimeArgs(...args);
+const NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION = () => '';
+const isMessageFunction = (val) => shared.isFunction(val);
+// implementation of `translate` function
+function translate(context, ...args) {
+    const { fallbackFormat, postTranslation, unresolving, messageCompiler, fallbackLocale, messages } = context;
+    const [key, options] = parseTranslateArgs(...args);
     const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
         ? options.missingWarn
         : context.missingWarn;
-    shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
+    const fallbackWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
         ? options.fallbackWarn
         : context.fallbackWarn;
-    const part = !!options.part;
+    const escapeParameter = shared.isBoolean(options.escapeParameter)
+        ? options.escapeParameter
+        : context.escapeParameter;
+    const resolvedMessage = !!options.resolvedMessage;
+    // prettier-ignore
+    const defaultMsgOrKey = shared.isString(options.default) || shared.isBoolean(options.default) // default by function option
+        ? !shared.isBoolean(options.default)
+            ? options.default
+            : (!messageCompiler ? () => key : key)
+        : fallbackFormat // default by `fallbackFormat` option
+            ? (!messageCompiler ? () => key : key)
+            : null;
+    const enableDefaultMsg = fallbackFormat ||
+        (defaultMsgOrKey != null &&
+            (shared.isString(defaultMsgOrKey) || shared.isFunction(defaultMsgOrKey)));
     const locale = getLocale(context, options);
-    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    fallbackLocale, locale);
-    if (!shared.isString(key) || key === '') {
-        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(locale, overrides).format(value);
-    }
-    // resolve format
-    let datetimeFormat = {};
-    let targetLocale;
-    let format = null;
-    const type = 'datetime format';
-    for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
-        targetLocale = locales[i];
-        datetimeFormat =
-            datetimeFormats[targetLocale] || {};
-        format = datetimeFormat[key];
-        if (shared.isPlainObject(format))
-            break;
-        handleMissing(context, key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    // escape params
+    escapeParameter && escapeParams(options);
+    // resolve message format
+    // eslint-disable-next-line prefer-const
+    let [formatScope, targetLocale, message] = !resolvedMessage
+        ? resolveMessageFormat(context, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn)
+        : [
+            key,
+            locale,
+            messages[locale] || {}
+        ];
+    // NOTE:
+    //  Fix to work around `ssrTransfrom` bug in Vite.
+    //  https://github.com/vitejs/vite/issues/4306
+    //  To get around this, use temporary variables.
+    //  https://github.com/nuxt/framework/issues/1461#issuecomment-954606243
+    let format = formatScope;
+    // if you use default message, set it as message format!
+    let cacheBaseKey = key;
+    if (!resolvedMessage &&
+        !(shared.isString(format) ||
+            isMessageAST(format) ||
+            isMessageFunction(format))) {
+        if (enableDefaultMsg) {
+            format = defaultMsgOrKey;
+            cacheBaseKey = format;
+        }
     }
-    // checking format and target locale
-    if (!shared.isPlainObject(format) || !shared.isString(targetLocale)) {
+    // checking message format and target locale
+    if (!resolvedMessage &&
+        (!(shared.isString(format) ||
+            isMessageAST(format) ||
+            isMessageFunction(format)) ||
+            !shared.isString(targetLocale))) {
         return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
     }
-    let id = `${targetLocale}__${key}`;
-    if (!shared.isEmptyObject(overrides)) {
-        id = `${id}__${JSON.stringify(overrides)}`;
-    }
-    let formatter = __datetimeFormatters.get(id);
-    if (!formatter) {
-        formatter = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(targetLocale, shared.assign({}, format, overrides));
-        __datetimeFormatters.set(id, formatter);
+    // setup compile error detecting
+    let occurred = false;
+    const onError = () => {
+        occurred = true;
+    };
+    // compile message format
+    const msg = !isMessageFunction(format)
+        ? compileMessageFormat(context, key, targetLocale, format, cacheBaseKey, onError)
+        : format;
+    // if occurred compile error, return the message format
+    if (occurred) {
+        return format;
     }
-    return !part ? formatter.format(value) : formatter.formatToParts(value);
+    // evaluate message with context
+    const ctxOptions = getMessageContextOptions(context, targetLocale, message, options);
+    const msgContext = createMessageContext(ctxOptions);
+    const messaged = evaluateMessage(context, msg, msgContext);
+    // if use post translation option, proceed it with handler
+    const ret = postTranslation
+        ? postTranslation(messaged, key)
+        : messaged;
+    return ret;
 }
-/** @internal */
-const DATETIME_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS = [
-    'localeMatcher',
-    'weekday',
-    'era',
-    'year',
-    'month',
-    'day',
-    'hour',
-    'minute',
-    'second',
-    'timeZoneName',
-    'formatMatcher',
-    'hour12',
-    'timeZone',
-    'dateStyle',
-    'timeStyle',
-    'calendar',
-    'dayPeriod',
-    'numberingSystem',
-    'hourCycle',
-    'fractionalSecondDigits'
-];
-/** @internal */
-function parseDateTimeArgs(...args) {
-    const [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4] = args;
-    const options = {};
-    let overrides = {};
-    let value;
-    if (shared.isString(arg1)) {
-        // Only allow ISO strings - other date formats are often supported,
-        // but may cause different results in different browsers.
-        const matches = arg1.match(/(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})(T|\s)?(.*)/);
-        if (!matches) {
-            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT);
-        }
-        // Some browsers can not parse the iso datetime separated by space,
-        // this is a compromise solution by replace the 'T'/' ' with 'T'
-        const dateTime = matches[3]
-            ? matches[3].trim().startsWith('T')
-                ? `${matches[1].trim()}${matches[3].trim()}`
-                : `${matches[1].trim()}T${matches[3].trim()}`
-            : matches[1].trim();
-        value = new Date(dateTime);
-        try {
-            // This will fail if the date is not valid
-            value.toISOString();
-        }
-        catch (e) {
-            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ISO_DATE_ARGUMENT);
-        }
-    }
-    else if (shared.isDate(arg1)) {
-        if (isNaN(arg1.getTime())) {
-            throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_DATE_ARGUMENT);
-        }
-        value = arg1;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isNumber(arg1)) {
-        value = arg1;
-    }
-    else {
-        throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
-    }
-    if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
-        options.key = arg2;
+function escapeParams(options) {
+    if (shared.isArray(options.list)) {
+        options.list = options.list.map(item => shared.isString(item) ? shared.escapeHtml(item) : item);
     }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2)) {
-        Object.keys(arg2).forEach(key => {
-            if (DATETIME_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS.includes(key)) {
-                overrides[key] = arg2[key];
-            }
-            else {
-                options[key] = arg2[key];
+    else if (shared.isObject(options.named)) {
+        Object.keys(options.named).forEach(key => {
+            if (shared.isString(options.named[key])) {
+                options.named[key] = shared.escapeHtml(options.named[key]);
             }
         });
     }
-    if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
-        options.locale = arg3;
-    }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
-        overrides = arg3;
-    }
-    if (shared.isPlainObject(arg4)) {
-        overrides = arg4;
-    }
-    return [options.key || '', value, options, overrides];
-}
-/** @internal */
-function clearDateTimeFormat(ctx, locale, format) {
-    const context = ctx;
-    for (const key in format) {
-        const id = `${locale}__${key}`;
-        if (!context.__datetimeFormatters.has(id)) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        context.__datetimeFormatters.delete(id);
-    }
 }
-
-// implementation of `number` function
-function number(context, ...args) {
-    const { numberFormats, unresolving, fallbackLocale, onWarn, localeFallbacker } = context;
-    const { __numberFormatters } = context;
-    const [key, value, options, overrides] = parseNumberArgs(...args);
-    const missingWarn = shared.isBoolean(options.missingWarn)
-        ? options.missingWarn
-        : context.missingWarn;
-    shared.isBoolean(options.fallbackWarn)
-        ? options.fallbackWarn
-        : context.fallbackWarn;
-    const part = !!options.part;
-    const locale = getLocale(context, options);
-    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    fallbackLocale, locale);
-    if (!shared.isString(key) || key === '') {
-        return new Intl.NumberFormat(locale, overrides).format(value);
-    }
-    // resolve format
-    let numberFormat = {};
+function resolveMessageFormat(context, key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn) {
+    const { messages, onWarn, messageResolver: resolveValue, localeFallbacker } = context;
+    const locales = localeFallbacker(context, fallbackLocale, locale); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+    let message = {};
     let targetLocale;
     let format = null;
-    const type = 'number format';
+    const type = 'translate';
     for (let i = 0; i < locales.length; i++) {
         targetLocale = locales[i];
-        numberFormat =
-            numberFormats[targetLocale] || {};
-        format = numberFormat[key];
-        if (shared.isPlainObject(format))
+        message =
+            messages[targetLocale] || {};
+        if ((format = resolveValue(message, key)) === null) {
+            // if null, resolve with object key path
+            format = message[key]; // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        }
+        if (shared.isString(format) || isMessageAST(format) || isMessageFunction(format)) {
             break;
-        handleMissing(context, key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type); // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
-    }
-    // checking format and target locale
-    if (!shared.isPlainObject(format) || !shared.isString(targetLocale)) {
-        return unresolving ? NOT_REOSLVED : key;
+        }
+        if (!isImplicitFallback(targetLocale, locales)) {
+            const missingRet = handleMissing(context, // eslint-disable-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+            key, targetLocale, missingWarn, type);
+            if (missingRet !== key) {
+                format = missingRet;
+            }
+        }
     }
-    let id = `${targetLocale}__${key}`;
-    if (!shared.isEmptyObject(overrides)) {
-        id = `${id}__${JSON.stringify(overrides)}`;
+    return [format, targetLocale, message];
+}
+function compileMessageFormat(context, key, targetLocale, format, cacheBaseKey, onError) {
+    const { messageCompiler, warnHtmlMessage } = context;
+    if (isMessageFunction(format)) {
+        const msg = format;
+        msg.locale = msg.locale || targetLocale;
+        msg.key = msg.key || key;
+        return msg;
     }
-    let formatter = __numberFormatters.get(id);
-    if (!formatter) {
-        formatter = new Intl.NumberFormat(targetLocale, shared.assign({}, format, overrides));
-        __numberFormatters.set(id, formatter);
+    if (messageCompiler == null) {
+        const msg = (() => format);
+        msg.locale = targetLocale;
+        msg.key = key;
+        return msg;
     }
-    return !part ? formatter.format(value) : formatter.formatToParts(value);
+    const msg = messageCompiler(format, getCompileContext(context, targetLocale, cacheBaseKey, format, warnHtmlMessage, onError));
+    msg.locale = targetLocale;
+    msg.key = key;
+    msg.source = format;
+    return msg;
+}
+function evaluateMessage(context, msg, msgCtx) {
+    const messaged = msg(msgCtx);
+    return messaged;
 }
 /** @internal */
-const NUMBER_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS = [
-    'localeMatcher',
-    'style',
-    'currency',
-    'currencyDisplay',
-    'currencySign',
-    'useGrouping',
-    'minimumIntegerDigits',
-    'minimumFractionDigits',
-    'maximumFractionDigits',
-    'minimumSignificantDigits',
-    'maximumSignificantDigits',
-    'compactDisplay',
-    'notation',
-    'signDisplay',
-    'unit',
-    'unitDisplay',
-    'roundingMode',
-    'roundingPriority',
-    'roundingIncrement',
-    'trailingZeroDisplay'
-];
-/** @internal */
-function parseNumberArgs(...args) {
-    const [arg1, arg2, arg3, arg4] = args;
+function parseTranslateArgs(...args) {
+    const [arg1, arg2, arg3] = args;
     const options = {};
-    let overrides = {};
-    if (!shared.isNumber(arg1)) {
+    if (!shared.isString(arg1) &&
+        !shared.isNumber(arg1) &&
+        !isMessageFunction(arg1) &&
+        !isMessageAST(arg1)) {
         throw createCoreError(CoreErrorCodes.INVALID_ARGUMENT);
     }
-    const value = arg1;
-    if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
-        options.key = arg2;
+    // prettier-ignore
+    const key = shared.isNumber(arg1)
+        ? String(arg1)
+        : isMessageFunction(arg1)
+            ? arg1
+            : arg1;
+    if (shared.isNumber(arg2)) {
+        options.plural = arg2;
     }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2)) {
-        Object.keys(arg2).forEach(key => {
-            if (NUMBER_FORMAT_OPTIONS_KEYS.includes(key)) {
-                overrides[key] = arg2[key];
-            }
-            else {
-                options[key] = arg2[key];
-            }
-        });
+    else if (shared.isString(arg2)) {
+        options.default = arg2;
     }
-    if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
-        options.locale = arg3;
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg2) && !shared.isEmptyObject(arg2)) {
+        options.named = arg2;
     }
-    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
-        overrides = arg3;
+    else if (shared.isArray(arg2)) {
+        options.list = arg2;
     }
-    if (shared.isPlainObject(arg4)) {
-        overrides = arg4;
+    if (shared.isNumber(arg3)) {
+        options.plural = arg3;
     }
-    return [options.key || '', value, options, overrides];
+    else if (shared.isString(arg3)) {
+        options.default = arg3;
+    }
+    else if (shared.isPlainObject(arg3)) {
+        shared.assign(options, arg3);
+    }
+    return [key, options];
 }
-/** @internal */
-function clearNumberFormat(ctx, locale, format) {
-    const context = ctx;
-    for (const key in format) {
-        const id = `${locale}__${key}`;
-        if (!context.__numberFormatters.has(id)) {
-            continue;
+function getCompileContext(context, locale, key, source, warnHtmlMessage, onError) {
+    return {
+        locale,
+        key,
+        warnHtmlMessage,
+        onError: (err) => {
+            onError && onError(err);
+            {
+                throw err;
+            }
+        },
+        onCacheKey: (source) => shared.generateFormatCacheKey(locale, key, source)
+    };
+}
+function getMessageContextOptions(context, locale, message, options) {
+    const { modifiers, pluralRules, messageResolver: resolveValue, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn, fallbackContext } = context;
+    const resolveMessage = (key, useLinked) => {
+        let val = resolveValue(message, key);
+        // fallback
+        if (val == null && (fallbackContext || useLinked)) {
+            const [, , message] = resolveMessageFormat(fallbackContext || context, // NOTE: if has fallbackContext, fallback to root, else if use linked, fallback to local context
+            key, locale, fallbackLocale, fallbackWarn, missingWarn);
+            val = resolveValue(message, key);
         }
-        context.__numberFormatters.delete(id);
+        if (shared.isString(val) || isMessageAST(val)) {
+            let occurred = false;
+            const onError = () => {
+                occurred = true;
+            };
+            const msg = compileMessageFormat(context, key, locale, val, key, onError);
+            return !occurred
+                ? msg
+                : NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION;
+        }
+        else if (isMessageFunction(val)) {
+            return val;
+        }
+        else {
+            // TODO: should be implemented warning message
+            return NOOP_MESSAGE_FUNCTION;
+        }
+    };
+    const ctxOptions = {
+        locale,
+        modifiers,
+        pluralRules,
+        messages: resolveMessage
+    };
+    if (context.processor) {
+        ctxOptions.processor = context.processor;
+    }
+    if (options.list) {
+        ctxOptions.list = options.list;
+    }
+    if (options.named) {
+        ctxOptions.named = options.named;
     }
+    if (shared.isNumber(options.plural)) {
+        ctxOptions.pluralIndex = options.plural;
+    }
+    return ctxOptions;
 }
 
 exports.CompileErrorCodes = messageCompiler.CompileErrorCodes;