@hydranium/protocol 1.0.0-next.34 → 1.0.0-next.341

package/src/client/data-session.ts

@@ -7,123 +7,480 @@
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
  ********************************************************************************/
 
-import type { MessageConnection } from 'vscode-jsonrpc';
-import { DATA_CLIENT_PROTOCOL_METHODS, DATA_SERVER_WIRE_PREFIX, type DataClientProtocol, type DataServerProtocol } from '../data';
-import { defineMessage, describeError, resolve } from '../messages/primitives';
-import { type RpcProxy, createRpcProxy } from '../rpc';
-import type { TransferDocument } from '../transfer-document';
+import { type Disposable, Emitter, type Event } from 'vscode-jsonrpc';
+import { UNKNOWN_CLIENT_ID } from '../client-ids';
+import { type Clock, SystemClock, TIMED_OUT } from '../clock';
+import type {
+   DataServerProtocol,
+   DiagnosticOf,
+   TransferDocumentDeletedEvent,
+   TransferDocumentDirtyChangedEvent,
+   TransferDocumentUpdatedEvent
+} from '../data';
+import { isConflictError, SessionClosedError } from '../errors';
+import type { Logger } from '../logger';
+import { type BaseVersion, isModelVersion, type ModelVersion, type TextVersion, UNRECORDED_VERSION } from '../model-service/base-version';
+import { type ResolvedMessage, defineMessage, describeError, resolve } from '../messages/primitives';
+import { NoopLogger } from '../noop-logger';
+import { PendingWorkTracker } from '../pending-work-tracker';
+import { randomUuid } from '../random-uuid';
+import type { MaybePromise } from '../util';
+import type { RpcProxy } from '../rpc';
+import type { TextState, TransferCreatedDocument, TransferDocument, TransferSavedDocument } from '../transfer-document';
 import type { TransferElement } from '../transfer-element';
-import type { DataPort } from './data-port';
 
 /**
- * The transport never opened. A complete sentence rather than a fragment: a
- * fragment is nested inside a sentence the framework does not own, so no
- * translator controls the whole and the composition cannot be made to read
- * correctly in every language.
+ * A session could not re-open a document it had open after its connection
+ * dropped, and forgot it; or could not write it again for another reason than
+ * a conflict, and keeps its unsaved edits for the next restore.
  */
-export const DATA_SERVER_CONNECT_FAILED = defineMessage(
-   'hydranium/protocol/data-server-connect-failed',
-   'Could not connect to the data server: {detail}'
+export const DATA_SESSION_RESTORE_FAILED = defineMessage(
+   'hydranium/protocol/data-session-restore-failed',
+   'Could not restore {uri} after reconnecting to the data server: {detail}'
 );
 
-export const DATA_SERVER_NOT_READY = defineMessage(
-   'hydranium/protocol/data-server-not-ready',
-   'The data server did not become ready: {detail}'
+/** A write or open of `{uri}` that the data server answered without a model. */
+export const DATA_SESSION_ANSWER_WITHOUT_MODEL = defineMessage(
+   'hydranium/protocol/data-session-answer-without-model',
+   'The data server answered a write of {uri} without a model; the session counts that answer as older than every version.'
 );
 
-/** Options for {@link DataSession}. */
-export interface DataSessionOptions {
+/**
+ * A session re-opened documents after its connection dropped and cannot put
+ * back what it wrote to them since their last save: another client changed
+ * them, even while the session was still connected; the session could not
+ * tell the text its writes started from, or lost another document written with
+ * them; or the write it sent again conflicted. The session's unsaved edits may
+ * be gone, and it no longer holds them.
+ */
+export const DATA_SESSION_UNSAVED_LOST = defineMessage(
+   'hydranium/protocol/data-session-unsaved-lost',
+   'Unsaved changes to {uris} may have been lost when the connection to the data server dropped.'
+);
+
+/**
+ * What one of `TServer`'s document methods takes, minus the `clientId` a
+ * {@link DataSession} stamps itself.
+ *
+ * Read off the SERVER's signature, not off the framework's own arg type: an
+ * adopter server widens these, and a wrapper declared against the narrow
+ * shape rejects the extra field on a fresh object literal, so that call
+ * cannot go through a session at all.
+ */
+export type DataSessionArgs<TMethod extends (args: never) => unknown> = Omit<Parameters<TMethod>[0], 'clientId'>;
+
+/**
+ * Open a document through a session; the session supplies `clientId`. Only the
+ * URI and the open's options, read off the server's signature: the server
+ * ignores the `languageId`, `version` and `text` seeds of `OpenModelArgs`, and
+ * a field an adopter adds never reaches the server session's open, so
+ * accepting either would let a caller believe it took effect.
+ */
+export type DataSessionOpenArgs<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = Pick<Parameters<TServer['openModelDocument']>[0], 'uri' | ('options' & keyof Parameters<TServer['openModelDocument']>[0])>;
+
+/**
+ * The options an open through a session passes to `TServer`, `undefined` when
+ * it passed none; only `undefined` for a server whose open takes none.
+ */
+export type DataSessionOpenOptions<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = DataSessionOpenArgs<TTransfer, TServer>['options' & keyof DataSessionOpenArgs<TTransfer, TServer>] | undefined;
+
+/** Create a document through a session; the session supplies `clientId`. */
+export type DataSessionCreateArgs<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = DataSessionArgs<TServer['createModelDocument']>;
+
+/** Close a document through a session; the session supplies `clientId`. */
+export type DataSessionCloseArgs<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = DataSessionArgs<TServer['closeModelDocument']>;
+
+/** Update a document through a session; the session supplies `clientId`. */
+export type DataSessionUpdateArgs<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = DataSessionArgs<TServer['updateModelDocument']>;
+
+/** Update several documents at once through a session; the session supplies `clientId`. */
+export type DataSessionUpdatesArgs<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = DataSessionArgs<TServer['updateModelDocuments']>;
+
+/** Persist a document through a session; the session supplies `clientId`. */
+export type DataSessionSaveArgs<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = DataSessionArgs<TServer['saveModelDocument']>;
+
+/** Persist the text the server holds through a session; the session supplies `clientId`. */
+export type DataSessionPersistArgs<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = DataSessionArgs<TServer['persistModelDocument']>;
+
+/** Delete a document through a session; the session supplies `clientId`. */
+export type DataSessionDeleteArgs<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = DataSessionArgs<TServer['deleteModelDocument']>;
+
+/** The document a session hands back, carrying its server's diagnostic shape. */
+export type DataSessionDocument<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> = TransferDocument<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>;
+
+/**
+ * What a {@link DataSession} keeps of a URI it wrote since the URI's last save,
+ * to write it again after a reconnect that lost it.
+ */
+export interface DataSessionUnsavedWrite<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> {
+   /**
+    * The `text.hash` of the text the first of these writes was based on.
+    * `undefined` when the session could not tell, for a write based on
+    * `'any'` or on a version it could not read back, and such a write is
+    * never sent again: the session cannot tell another client's text from the
+    * text it wrote over.
+    */
+   readonly baseHash: string | undefined;
+   /**
+    * The model version the last of these writes was answered with, which
+    * orders its answers, and the `text.hash` of that answer.
+    */
+   readonly answer: { readonly version: ModelVersion; readonly hash?: string };
+   /**
+    * The call that made the last write, and for an `updateDocuments` call this
+    * URI's index in it. Records whose `updates` is the same object were
+    * written together and are sent again together, so a restore never applies
+    * part of a set.
+    */
+   readonly call:
+      | { readonly update: DataSessionUpdateArgs<TTransfer, TServer> }
+      | { readonly updates: DataSessionUpdatesArgs<TTransfer, TServer>; readonly index: number };
+}
+
+/**
+ * One open of a URI by a {@link DataSession}, from the answer to its open,
+ * create or re-open until a close or a deletion ends it. A call records its
+ * answer only while the open it was sent under is still the URI's: checking
+ * that the URI is open accepts an answer from before a close or deletion
+ * once the URI is open again.
+ */
+export interface DataSessionOpen<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> {
+   /** The URI the open's answer named, which the server keys its notifications by. */
+   readonly serverUri: string;
    /**
-    * Wire namespace the server is addressed under. Defaults to the
-    * framework's {@link DATA_SERVER_WIRE_PREFIX}, which is what an unmodified
-    * `DataServer` binds. Override only alongside the server's own
-    * `methodNamespace` option — a mismatch turns every request into
-    * "Unhandled method" rather than failing at wire-up.
+    * The options the server opened under, which a re-open after a reconnect
+    * passes again: those of the earliest open of the URI under way when the
+    * first answered, since the server keeps the open that arrives first.
     */
-   readonly methodNamespace?: string;
+   readonly options: DataSessionOpenOptions<TTransfer, TServer>;
+   /** Whether a deletion ended the open, which an open still watching sends again; a close does not. */
+   deleted: boolean;
+}
+
+/**
+ * One open or create of a URI by a {@link DataSession}, from its call until it
+ * settles. A close of the URI while it is under way marks it: it then records
+ * nothing and is not sent again, so the close stands. Without the mark, a
+ * deletion during its watch has it sent again after the close.
+ */
+export interface DataSessionOpening<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> {
+   /** Whether a close of the URI came while this open was under way. */
+   closed: boolean;
+   /** The options the open was sent with; none for a create. */
+   readonly options: DataSessionOpenOptions<TTransfer, TServer>;
+}
+
+/** Where `write` stands in the `updateDocuments` call it was last written by; `0` for a single update. */
+function indexOf(write: DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TransferElement, DataServerProtocol<TransferElement>>): number {
+   return 'index' in write.call ? write.call.index : 0;
+}
+
+/** The call `write` was last written by, which a restore writes again as one set. */
+function setOf(write: DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TransferElement, DataServerProtocol<TransferElement>>): object {
+   return 'update' in write.call ? write.call.update : write.call.updates;
 }
 
-/** One connection generation: its connection, its proxy, and its readiness. */
-interface Generation<TTransfer extends TransferElement> {
-   readonly connection: Promise<MessageConnection>;
-   readonly server: RpcProxy<DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>>;
-   /** Set on first use; the shared readiness gate for this generation. */
-   ready?: Promise<void>;
+/**
+ * What a {@link DataSession} needs from the connection that minted it.
+ *
+ * Narrower than the connection itself so the dependency points one way:
+ * `DataConnection` constructs sessions, and nothing here imports it back.
+ */
+export interface DataSessionHost<TTransfer extends TransferElement, TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>> {
+   /** The connected, READY proxy of the current connection; a new object after each reconnect. */
+   connected(): Promise<RpcProxy<TServer>>;
+   /** Surface a failure no caller is waiting on, such as restoring a document after a reconnect. */
+   reportError?(error: unknown, reported: ResolvedMessage): void;
+   /**
+    * Tell the connection's client the dirty state a restore read, unless it
+    * is what the client was last told of the URI since the URI's last open.
+    */
+   restoreDirty?(event: TransferDocumentDirtyChangedEvent): void;
+   /**
+    * Tell the connection's client of a document a restore found gone, whose
+    * deletion reached no one while the connection was down, as the server
+    * tells it of a deletion over a live connection. Without it, the restore
+    * reports the unsaved text such a document took with it as lost.
+    */
+   restoreDeletion?(event: TransferDocumentDeletedEvent): void;
+   /**
+    * Forget what the client was told of `uri`'s dirty state: an open just
+    * made answered its caller afresh, and the client heard none of it, or a
+    * close leaves nothing to restore. Forgetting a URI another session still
+    * has open costs at most one repeat of a state the client already has.
+    */
+   forgetDirty?(uri: string): void;
+   /**
+    * Fires with each flip of a document's dirty state the server sends. A
+    * session drops the unsaved write it keeps of a document that turns
+    * clean; without this event it keeps it, and a restore after another
+    * client's save of the document can report the write lost.
+    */
+   readonly onDidChangeDirty?: Event<TransferDocumentDirtyChangedEvent>;
+   /**
+    * Fires with each update event the server sends. A session drops the
+    * unsaved write it keeps of a document another client wrote over; without
+    * this event it keeps it, and a restore reports the write lost.
+    */
+   readonly onDidUpdateDocument?: Event<TransferDocumentUpdatedEvent<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>>;
+   /**
+    * Fires with each deletion the server sends. A session forgets a document
+    * whose file was deleted; without this event it keeps it as open until a
+    * restore finds it gone.
+    */
+   readonly onDidDeleteDocument?: Event<TransferDocumentDeletedEvent>;
+   /** Where the session logs the documents it forgets as gone. */
+   readonly logger?: Logger;
 }
 
 /**
- * The host-invariant half of talking to the data head: everything above
- * {@link DataPort} that would otherwise be re-derived by every host
- * adapter.
+ * Builds the session `DataConnection.createSession` hands out, for an adopter
+ * that extends {@link DataSession}. The connection has minted `clientId` and
+ * checked it by then.
+ */
+export type DataSessionFactory<TTransfer extends TransferElement, TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>> = (
+   clientId: string,
+   host: DataSessionHost<TTransfer, TServer>,
+   label: string
+) => DataSession<TTransfer, TServer>;
+
+/**
+ * One participant on a data connection: a properties panel, a tree, a form
+ * editor. The client side of a server client session, registered over the
+ * wire under {@link clientId}.
+ *
+ * The session writes only what it has open: the server refuses its update or
+ * save of a document it has not opened with a `DocumentNotOpenError` code.
+ * Every call waits for the registration, so the first can be issued at once.
+ *
+ * Every document operation stamps {@link clientId} itself. A caller that
+ * passed its own could pass another participant's, and the server would
+ * attribute the write and close the document accordingly.
  *
- * Three jobs, and deliberately no fourth:
+ * {@link closeDocument}, {@link deleteDocument} and {@link dispose} first wait,
+ * up to {@link settleBeforeCloseMs}, for this session's calls still in flight
+ * on the URI, or on any URI for `dispose`: a save sent just before its close
+ * would otherwise reach the server after it, and fail as not open. An open or
+ * create of a URI called while a close or delete of it is under way is sent
+ * once that has answered, so the server takes them in the order they were
+ * called.
  *
- * 1. **Build the typed proxy** over the port's connection, with the framework's
- *    wire prefix and its drift-proof client-method allowlist.
- * 2. **Own the readiness gate** — `waitForReady` once per connection, shared
- *    across concurrent callers. A socket client can connect before the
- *    workspace walk finishes, and an early request is then answered correctly
- *    from an empty registry, which reads as a broken project tier rather than
- *    as a race.
- * 3. **Own the reconnect policy**, by dropping its connection generation when
- *    the port disposes and building a fresh one on the next request.
+ * After the connection drops, the session registers again under the same id,
+ * re-opens and re-watches what it had open, tells the client of their dirty
+ * state where it changed, and reports the documents whose unsaved edits did
+ * not survive; see {@link restore}. The connection does this at
+ * once for a session with documents open, and again once any later connection
+ * is ready, so a reconnect that failed is not left to the session's own next
+ * call; any session's next call does it too.
  *
- * It does **not** wrap the protocol methods; callers reach them through
- * {@link connected}. The one exception is {@link openDocument}, which exists
- * because the open/watch *order* is silently wrong the other way round — see
- * its own doc.
+ * Generic over the transfer root so this file names no grammar.
  *
- * Generic over the transfer root so this file names no grammar. An adopter
- * binds the concrete root (or the union of them, for a multi-grammar head) at
- * its own edge.
+ * `TServer` is bound to a server answering with ITS OWN diagnostic shape, read
+ * back off the parameter being bound. Simplifying that to
+ * `DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>` compiles and costs the wrappers their
+ * return type: every call through `TServer` would resolve against that looser
+ * bound, so an adopter's diagnostics would come back as the framework's and
+ * the document would have to be cast on the way out.
  */
-export class DataSession<TTransfer extends TransferElement> {
-   protected readonly methodNamespace: string;
-   /** The current generation, or `undefined` before the first request / after a teardown. */
-   protected generation?: Generation<TTransfer>;
+export class DataSession<
+   TTransfer extends TransferElement,
+   TServer extends DataServerProtocol<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>> = DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>
+> implements Disposable {
+   /**
+    * How long {@link closeDocument}, {@link deleteDocument} and {@link dispose}
+    * wait for this session's calls in flight before going on anyway. Long,
+    * because a close sent while a save is still writing fails that save. It
+    * need not outlast the server's language-client settle after the write,
+    * which a close does not fail.
+    */
+   protected readonly settleBeforeCloseMs: number = 10_000;
+   /**
+    * How long {@link whenWritesSettled} waits before going on anyway: well past
+    * the server's bound on the language-client settle it runs before answering
+    * an update. The update itself has no bound, so a server slower than that is
+    * taken as lost.
+    */
+   protected readonly settleWritesMs: number = 30_000;
+   /**
+    * The clock {@link settleBeforeCloseMs} runs on. {@link DataSessionHost}
+    * carries no {@link Clock}, so a subclass replaces this field as it
+    * replaces the bound.
+    */
+   protected readonly clock: Clock = new SystemClock();
+   /** URIs this session has open, re-opened after a reconnect. */
+   protected readonly openUris = new Set<string>();
+   /**
+    * Per URI in {@link openUris}, or whose open answered and whose watch is
+    * still under way, the open it is under. A repeat open keeps it, as the
+    * server keeps its earlier open.
+    */
+   protected readonly opens = new Map<string, DataSessionOpen<TTransfer, TServer>>();
+   /**
+    * Per URI, the opens of it this session has under way. Such a URI counts
+    * as open for {@link withOpenDocument}, which would otherwise close it
+    * under the open that is still being made.
+    */
+   protected readonly openings = new Map<string, Set<DataSessionOpening<TTransfer, TServer>>>();
+   /**
+    * Per URI, the closes and deletes of it this session has under way, which
+    * an open or create called meanwhile waits for; see {@link trackEnding}.
+    */
+   protected readonly endings = new Map<string, Promise<unknown>>();
+   /** Per URI written since its last save, what {@link restore} needs to write it again. */
+   protected readonly unsavedWrites = new Map<string, DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TTransfer, TServer>>();
+   /**
+    * Per URI this session has open, the text of the last document one of its
+    * own calls was answered with, which spares the read a first unsaved write
+    * otherwise makes for its base; see {@link baseHashOf}.
+    */
+   protected readonly lastAnswers = new Map<string, TextState>();
+   /**
+    * Per URI this session has open, the text version its last save or persist
+    * of it wrote, as its answer's `persisted` says; see {@link recordWrite}.
+    * Not the answer's model version, which can carry a write that landed
+    * after the text was taken. Only those set it: an open answers at the
+    * version of a write still in flight as well, and that write is not saved.
+    */
+   protected readonly savedVersions = new Map<string, TextVersion>();
+   /**
+    * URIs this session created whose whole text is still its own and unsaved,
+    * even with no write recorded: no save, clean flip, other client's write or
+    * reported loss has come since the create, its answer included; see
+    * {@link forgetGoneDocument}.
+    */
+   protected readonly createdUris = new Set<string>();
+   /** Per URI, this session's calls still in flight on it, which a close or delete waits for. */
+   protected readonly inFlight = new Map<string, PendingWorkTracker>();
+   /** This session's saves, persists and deletes still in flight, which a host's exit waits for; see {@link hasSavesInFlight}. */
+   protected readonly savesInFlight = new PendingWorkTracker();
+   /** This session's updates still in flight, which a page's unload guard and save account for; see {@link hasWritesInFlight}. */
+   protected readonly writesInFlight = new PendingWorkTracker();
+   protected readonly disposeEmitter = new Emitter<void>();
+   /**
+    * Fires once when the session ends, by {@link dispose} or {@link detach}, as
+    * soon as it rejects further calls and before any close is sent. For a
+    * session its connection created, the connection's listener runs first, so
+    * the id is free again on that connection by the time any other listener
+    * runs; the server still holds it until the close arrives, and refuses a new
+    * session under it until then.
+    *
+    * A listener subscribed once the session has ended is never called, so a
+    * late subscriber checks {@link isDisposed} first.
+    */
+   readonly onDidDispose: Event<void> = this.disposeEmitter.event;
+   /**
+    * Sent with every registration, so the server lets this session register
+    * its id again while the dropped connection's session is still live there:
+    * a server that has not yet noticed the drop would otherwise refuse the id
+    * as a duplicate until it does.
+    */
+   protected readonly resumeToken: string = randomUuid();
+   /** The proxy the session is registered on; another one means the connection was replaced. */
+   protected registeredOn?: RpcProxy<TServer>;
+   protected registration?: Promise<void>;
    protected disposed = false;
-   protected readonly portDisposeListener: { dispose(): void };
+   /**
+    * Disposed through {@link detach} rather than {@link dispose}, so nothing may
+    * be sent. Folding it into {@link disposed} would send the session's close
+    * over a connection that is going away.
+    */
+   protected detached = false;
+   /**
+    * Write sets, keyed as a restore groups them, that lost a document to
+    * another client's deletion. A restore cannot write such a set again
+    * whole, so it writes none of it. Weak, so a set goes once no write
+    * record holds it.
+    */
+   protected readonly brokenSets = new WeakSet<object>();
+   /** The subscription to the host's `onDidChangeDirty`, disposed with the session. */
+   protected readonly dirtySubscription?: Disposable;
+   /** The subscription to the host's `onDidUpdateDocument`, disposed with the session. */
+   protected readonly updateSubscription?: Disposable;
+   /** The subscription to the host's `onDidDeleteDocument`, disposed with the session. */
+   protected readonly deletionSubscription?: Disposable;
+   /** The host's logger, or one that logs nothing. */
+   protected readonly logger: Logger;
 
    constructor(
-      protected readonly port: DataPort,
-      protected readonly client: DataClientProtocol<TTransfer>,
-      options: DataSessionOptions = {}
+      readonly clientId: string,
+      protected readonly host: DataSessionHost<TTransfer, TServer>,
+      readonly label: string
    ) {
-      this.methodNamespace = options.methodNamespace ?? DATA_SERVER_WIRE_PREFIX;
-      this.portDisposeListener = this.port.onDispose(() => this.dropGeneration());
-   }
-
-   /** The identity every request is made under — the port's, not a second one. */
-   get clientId(): string {
-      return this.port.clientId;
+      this.logger = host.logger ?? new NoopLogger();
+      this.dirtySubscription = host.onDidChangeDirty?.(event => this.forgetSavedWrite(event));
+      this.updateSubscription = host.onDidUpdateDocument?.(event => this.forgetSupersededWrite(event));
+      this.deletionSubscription = host.onDidDeleteDocument?.(event => this.forgetDeletedDocument(event));
    }
 
    /**
-    * The connected, READY server proxy.
-    *
-    * Returns the proxy rather than `void` on purpose. A reconnect replaces the
-    * proxy, so a caller that cached one from an earlier call would go on
-    * addressing a dead connection with no error — handing it back per call
-    * makes the stale reference unrepresentable.
-    *
-    * Concurrent callers share one readiness promise, so `waitForReady` is
-    * awaited once per generation and not once per caller.
+    * The connected, READY server proxy once this session is registered on it,
+    * for protocol methods this session does not wrap. The proxy stamps
+    * nothing: pass this session's {@link clientId} to any method that carries
+    * one.
     */
-   async connected(): Promise<RpcProxy<DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>>> {
-      if (this.disposed) {
-         throw new Error('DataSession is disposed');
-      }
-      const generation = this.currentGeneration();
-      if (!generation.ready) {
-         generation.ready = this.awaitReady(generation);
+   async connected(): Promise<RpcProxy<TServer>> {
+      // `async` so a disposed session REJECTS rather than throwing
+      // synchronously: the connection's own `connected` rejects, and a caller
+      // reaching for `.catch` on one of them would not catch the other.
+      this.assertLive();
+      const server = await this.host.connected();
+      // Again after the wait: a session disposed meanwhile must not register,
+      // since its dispose found nothing registered to end.
+      this.assertLive();
+      if (this.registeredOn !== server) {
+         const reconnected = this.registeredOn !== undefined;
+         this.registeredOn = server;
+         this.registration = this.register(server, reconnected);
       }
-      await generation.ready;
-      return generation.server;
+      await this.registration;
+      // And after the registration: a call waiting on it has not reached the
+      // wire, and sent now it would land after the session's close.
+      this.assertLive();
+      return server;
    }
 
    /**
-    * Open `uri` for editing and start watching it, in that order, returning
-    * the opened snapshot.
+    * Open `args.uri` for editing and start watching it, in that order,
+    * returning the opened snapshot.
     *
     * **The order is the whole reason this method exists.**
     * `watchModelDocument` baselines its dedup fingerprint from the *current*
@@ -131,32 +488,384 @@ export class DataSession<TTransfer extends TransferElement> {
     * baseline, and the first phase event after the open arrives as a spurious
     * `'changed'` — which a widget that resets its in-memory root to the server
     * view misreads as a concurrent third-party write, losing whatever the user
-    * had typed. Nothing about the wrong order fails loudly, so it is encoded
-    * here rather than documented and re-derived.
+    * had typed.
     *
-    * Note that the returned snapshot's empty `diagnostics` does not mean
-    * valid: `open` settles at the integrity landmark, not at validation.
+    * Note that the returned snapshot's model usually has no `diagnostics`:
+    * `open` settles at the integrity landmark, not at validation.
     * Validity arrives asynchronously on `onDocumentUpdated`, or synchronously
     * from `getModelDocument({ includeDiagnostics: true })`.
     */
-   async openDocument(uri: string): Promise<TransferDocument<TTransfer>> {
-      const server = await this.connected();
-      const document = await server.openModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId });
-      await server.watchModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId });
+   openDocument(args: DataSessionOpenArgs<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>> {
+      return this.trackOpen(args.uri, args.options, opening =>
+         this.openAndWatch(
+            args.uri,
+            opening,
+            () => undefined,
+            server => server.openModelDocument({ ...args, clientId: this.clientId })
+         )
+      );
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Create a document that exists nowhere yet, open and watched for this
+    * session; it reaches disk with the first {@link saveDocument}. The server
+    * refuses a URI that exists on disk or that any client has open. The answer
+    * names the version the create made in `created`, which a write of what
+    * this session created is based on: the answered model can already be
+    * another client's write or an integrity repair.
+    */
+   createDocument(args: DataSessionCreateArgs<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<TransferCreatedDocument<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>> {
+      return this.trackOpen(args.uri, undefined, opening =>
+         this.openAndWatch(
+            args.uri,
+            opening,
+            document => document.created.version,
+            server => server.createModelDocument({ ...args, clientId: this.clientId })
+         )
+      );
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Send `open` and watch what it answered, again for as long as a deletion
+    * heard while the watch is under way closes that open: sent after the
+    * deletion, the open fails as an open of a gone file does, or opens the
+    * file that is back. `created` reads the version the create made off the
+    * answered document, or none for an open; see {@link watchOpened} for the
+    * mark it puts in {@link createdUris}.
+    *
+    * An `opening` a close marked answers with the document, recording nothing
+    * and sending nothing again; one it marked before the open answered is
+    * undone, since the server may have taken the close first. A failed watch
+    * is undone too: the caller sees a failed open, and so would never close it.
+    */
+   protected async openAndWatch<TDocument extends DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>>(
+      uri: string,
+      opening: DataSessionOpening<TTransfer, TServer>,
+      created: (document: TDocument) => ModelVersion | undefined,
+      open: (server: RpcProxy<TServer>) => Promise<TDocument>
+   ): Promise<TDocument> {
+      for (;;) {
+         const server = await this.connected();
+         const document = await open(server);
+         if (opening.closed) {
+            await this.undoOpen(server, uri, opening);
+            return document;
+         }
+         let watched: TDocument | undefined;
+         try {
+            watched = await this.watchOpened(server, uri, document, created(document));
+         } catch (error: unknown) {
+            await this.undoOpen(server, uri, opening);
+            throw error;
+         }
+         if (watched || opening.closed) {
+            return watched ?? document;
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Watch a document this session just opened, and record it as open.
+    * Answers `undefined`, recording nothing, when a deletion heard while the
+    * watch is under way has ended the open already, and the document,
+    * recording nothing, when a close has. A failed watch rejects with the open
+    * still recorded, for its caller to undo, see {@link undoOpen}.
+    *
+    * A document created at `createdVersion` is marked in {@link createdUris}
+    * while its text is still at that version: a version past it is another's,
+    * a write or a repair, as a changed event would have said. Marked before the
+    * watch, so an event heard while it is under way clears the mark for good,
+    * and checked again against the text the watch answered, which an event
+    * sent before the watch was in place moved on unheard. The restore's
+    * re-open is the one other point the session learns of the text without
+    * hearing the events between, and checks the mark the same way. An answer
+    * without text leaves the mark as it is, at every one of the three.
+    */
+   protected async watchOpened<TDocument extends DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>>(
+      server: RpcProxy<TServer>,
+      uri: string,
+      document: TDocument,
+      createdVersion?: ModelVersion
+   ): Promise<TDocument | undefined> {
+      // Recorded before the watch, so a deletion heard while it is under way
+      // finds this open, which the server made before the deletion.
+      // Under the options of the earliest open still under way, which the
+      // server took first; one that failed is gone from `openings` by now,
+      // as the connection handles each answer in a task of its own.
+      const open = this.opens.get(uri) ?? {
+         serverUri: document.uri,
+         deleted: false,
+         options: [...(this.openings.get(uri) ?? [])].find(opening => !opening.closed)?.options
+      };
+      this.opens.set(uri, open);
+      if (createdVersion !== undefined && (document.text === undefined || document.text.version === createdVersion)) {
+         this.createdUris.add(uri);
+      }
+      const watched = await server.watchModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId });
+      if (createdVersion !== undefined && watched.text !== undefined && watched.text.version !== createdVersion) {
+         this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+      }
+      if (this.opens.get(uri) !== open) {
+         // Sent again, it ends as an open sent after the deletion would; a
+         // close is the caller's later call, and stands.
+         return open.deleted ? undefined : document;
+      }
+      this.openUris.add(uri);
+      this.recordText(uri, document);
+      // Keyed as the server keys its notifications, which may not be how the
+      // caller spelled the URI.
+      this.host.forgetDirty?.(document.uri);
       return document;
    }
 
    /**
-    * Close `uri`. The server unwatches implicitly, so this is the dual of
-    * {@link openDocument} and needs no separate unwatch.
+    * Close `args.uri`, once this session's calls on it have settled or
+    * {@link settleBeforeCloseMs} has passed. The server unwatches implicitly,
+    * so this is the dual of {@link openDocument} and needs no separate unwatch.
+    */
+   async closeDocument(args: DataSessionCloseArgs<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<void> {
+      this.assertLive();
+      // An open called after this close waits for it instead, see `trackOpen`.
+      const underWay = [...(this.openings.get(args.uri) ?? [])];
+      await this.trackEnding(args.uri, async () => {
+         await this.settle([this.inFlight.get(args.uri)]);
+         // Forgotten before the close is sent, so a reconnect in between does
+         // not re-open a document the caller has closed. Every open of it that
+         // was under way when the close was called is marked, so it neither
+         // records it again nor is sent again.
+         underWay.forEach(opening => {
+            opening.closed = true;
+         });
+         this.forgetDocument(args.uri);
+         const server = await this.connected();
+         await server.closeModelDocument({ ...args, clientId: this.clientId });
+      });
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Close `uri` again after `opening` failed or was closed while under way,
+    * and drop what it recorded, unless the session still relies on the open,
+    * see {@link hasOpen}: the server holds one open per session and URI, so
+    * the close would end that one too.
     */
-   async closeDocument(uri: string): Promise<void> {
-      const server = await this.connected();
-      await server.closeModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId });
+   protected async undoOpen(server: RpcProxy<TServer>, uri: string, opening: DataSessionOpening<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<void> {
+      if (this.hasOpen(uri, opening)) {
+         return;
+      }
+      this.opens.delete(uri);
+      this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+      await server.closeModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId }).catch(() => undefined);
+   }
+
+   /** Drop everything this session keeps of `uri`, which it no longer has open. */
+   protected forgetDocument(uri: string): void {
+      const serverUri = this.opens.get(uri)?.serverUri ?? uri;
+      this.openUris.delete(uri);
+      this.opens.delete(uri);
+      this.unsavedWrites.delete(uri);
+      this.lastAnswers.delete(uri);
+      this.savedVersions.delete(uri);
+      this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+      this.host.forgetDirty?.(serverUri);
    }
 
    /**
-    * Whether `event.sourceClientId` identifies this session's own write.
+    * Whether this session has `uri` open, or has an open of it under way that
+    * no close has marked, other than `except`. A marked open records nothing,
+    * so nothing can rely on it.
+    */
+   protected hasOpen(uri: string, except?: DataSessionOpening<TTransfer, TServer>): boolean {
+      return this.openUris.has(uri) || [...(this.openings.get(uri) ?? [])].some(opening => opening !== except && !opening.closed);
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Open `args.uri`, run `fn` with the opened snapshot, and close it once
+    * `fn` settles, whether it returned or threw. A URI this session already
+    * had open, or is still opening through another call, stays open: the close
+    * undoes only the open this call made.
+    */
+   async withOpenDocument<T>(
+      args: DataSessionOpenArgs<TTransfer, TServer>,
+      fn: (document: DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>) => MaybePromise<T>
+   ): Promise<T> {
+      // Asked once the closes and deletes of the URI under way have answered:
+      // before, the session still counts as open a document they are ending.
+      for (let ending = this.endings.get(args.uri); ending; ending = this.endings.get(args.uri)) {
+         await ending;
+      }
+      const alreadyOpen = this.hasOpen(args.uri);
+      const document = await this.openDocument(args);
+      try {
+         return await fn(document);
+      } finally {
+         if (!alreadyOpen && !this.disposed) {
+            await this.closeDocument({ uri: args.uri } as DataSessionCloseArgs<TTransfer, TServer>);
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   /** Write `args.model` back as this session. The session must have `args.uri` open. */
+   updateDocument(args: DataSessionUpdateArgs<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>> {
+      return this.trackWrite([args.uri], async () => {
+         const server = await this.connected();
+         const update = { ...args };
+         const baseHash = await this.baseHashOf(server, args.uri, args.baseVersion);
+         const open = this.opens.get(args.uri);
+         const document = await server.updateModelDocument({ ...args, clientId: this.clientId });
+         this.recordWrite(args.uri, open, document, baseHash, { update });
+         return document;
+      });
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Write several documents this session has open, all or none: the server
+    * refuses the whole set, before any text applies, when one is stale or not
+    * open. Resolves to the documents in the order given.
+    */
+   updateDocuments(args: DataSessionUpdatesArgs<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>[]> {
+      return this.trackWrite(
+         args.updates.map(update => update.uri),
+         async () => {
+            // One copy for the whole call: the copy's identity is what ties its
+            // records together.
+            const updates = { ...args, updates: args.updates.map(update => ({ ...update })) };
+            const server = await this.connected();
+            const baseHashes = await Promise.all(args.updates.map(update => this.baseHashOf(server, update.uri, update.baseVersion)));
+            const opens = args.updates.map(update => this.opens.get(update.uri));
+            const documents = await server.updateModelDocuments({ ...args, clientId: this.clientId });
+            args.updates.forEach((update, index) =>
+               this.recordWrite(update.uri, opens[index], documents[index], baseHashes[index], { updates, index })
+            );
+            return documents;
+         }
+      );
+   }
+
+   /** Persist `args.model` to disk as this session. The session must have `args.uri` open. */
+   saveDocument(args: DataSessionSaveArgs<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<TransferSavedDocument<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>> {
+      return this.trackSave(args.uri, server => server.saveModelDocument({ ...args, clientId: this.clientId }));
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Persist the text the server holds for `args.uri` as this session, with no
+    * model of its own. The session must have `args.uri` open.
+    */
+   persistDocument(args: DataSessionPersistArgs<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<TransferSavedDocument<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>> {
+      return this.trackSave(args.uri, server => server.persistModelDocument({ ...args, clientId: this.clientId }));
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Delete `args.uri` as this session, at once: its file, then the document.
+    * The session must have `args.uri` open. Sent once this session's calls in
+    * flight on the URI have settled, as {@link closeDocument} is, and counted
+    * in {@link hasSavesInFlight} until it answers.
+    *
+    * The session forgets the document once the delete has succeeded: on
+    * hearing its own deletion, which the server sends before it answers, or
+    * on the answer, for a client that hears no deletions. A refused delete
+    * leaves the document open, as the server does.
+    */
+   deleteDocument(args: DataSessionDeleteArgs<TTransfer, TServer>): Promise<void> {
+      const deleting = this.trackEnding(args.uri, () =>
+         this.track([args.uri], async () => {
+            this.assertLive();
+            await this.settle([this.inFlight.get(args.uri)]);
+            const server = await this.connected();
+            const open = this.opens.get(args.uri);
+            await server.deleteModelDocument({ ...args, clientId: this.clientId });
+            // Still the open it was sent under: the deletion was not heard.
+            if (open && this.opens.get(args.uri) === open) {
+               open.deleted = true;
+               this.logger.withUri(args.uri).debug('Forgot the document: this session deleted it');
+               this.forgetDocument(args.uri);
+            }
+         })
+      );
+      return this.savesInFlight.track(deleting);
+   }
+
+   /** Run a save or persist of `uri` and record what it answered as saved. */
+   protected trackSave(
+      uri: string,
+      send: (server: RpcProxy<TServer>) => Promise<TransferSavedDocument<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>>
+   ): Promise<TransferSavedDocument<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>> {
+      const saving = this.track([uri], async () => {
+         const server = await this.connected();
+         const open = this.opens.get(uri);
+         const document = await send(server);
+         // Sent under no open, or under one a close or deletion has ended
+         // since: recorded, it would outlive that open.
+         if (!open || this.opens.get(uri) !== open) {
+            return document;
+         }
+         // Kept only when its last answer is newer than the text written. Kept
+         // whenever it changed while the save ran, a record the save covered
+         // survives, and a restore then reports it lost.
+         const unsaved = this.unsavedWrites.get(uri);
+         if (unsaved && unsaved.answer.version <= document.persisted.version) {
+            this.unsavedWrites.delete(uri);
+         }
+         this.recordText(uri, document);
+         this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+         // The higher of two saves' answers, which may arrive out of order.
+         const saved = this.savedVersions.get(uri);
+         if (saved === undefined || document.persisted.version > saved) {
+            this.savedVersions.set(uri, document.persisted.version);
+         }
+         return document;
+      });
+      return this.savesInFlight.track(saving);
+   }
+
+   /** Whether the session has ended, by {@link dispose} or {@link detach}. */
+   get isDisposed(): boolean {
+      return this.disposed;
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Whether a save, persist or delete of this session has not answered yet.
+    * Synchronous, for a host whose exit veto must decide within the tick, such
+    * as Theia's `onWillStop`.
+    */
+   get hasSavesInFlight(): boolean {
+      return !this.savesInFlight.isIdle;
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Resolves once the saves in flight now have answered, or
+    * {@link settleBeforeCloseMs} has passed. Never rejects: a failed save has
+    * answered too.
+    */
+   whenSavesSettled(): Promise<void> {
+      return this.settle([this.savesInFlight]);
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Whether an update of this session, one a restore sends again included,
+    * has not answered yet. The server answers once an editor on the language
+    * client holds the text, so a page that reads unsaved work from its editor
+    * guards a reload on this too. Synchronous, for an unload guard that must
+    * decide within the tick.
+    */
+   get hasWritesInFlight(): boolean {
+      return !this.writesInFlight.isIdle;
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Resolves to `true` once the updates in flight now have answered, so a
+    * save of the editor's documents started after it includes them, or to
+    * `false` once {@link settleWritesMs} has passed first. An update sent while
+    * it waits is not waited for. Never rejects.
+    */
+   async whenWritesSettled(): Promise<boolean> {
+      if (this.writesInFlight.isIdle) {
+         return true;
+      }
+      return (await this.clock.raceTimer(this.writesInFlight.whenSettled(), this.settleWritesMs)) !== TIMED_OUT;
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Whether `sourceClientId` identifies this session's own write.
     *
     * Every watcher needs this and the check is one comparison, so getting it
     * wrong is cheap to do and expensive to find: an unfiltered echo looks
@@ -166,63 +875,686 @@ export class DataSession<TTransfer extends TransferElement> {
       return sourceClientId === this.clientId;
    }
 
-   /** Tear down the current connection and stop tracking the port. Idempotent. */
+   /**
+    * End the session: detach it from the connection at once, and once its
+    * calls in flight have settled or {@link settleBeforeCloseMs} has passed,
+    * end it on the server, which closes everything it has open. Idempotent,
+    * and leaves the connection usable by its other sessions.
+    *
+    * Every later call rejects, and so does a call made earlier in the same
+    * tick, which has not reached the wire yet and is never sent. The server
+    * close is not awaited, because a `Disposable` cannot be; a close that fails
+    * leaves the session to the server's connection-close cleanup.
+    */
    dispose(): void {
       if (this.disposed) {
          return;
       }
       this.disposed = true;
-      this.portDisposeListener.dispose();
-      this.dropGeneration();
+      this.fireDispose();
+      const settled = this.settle([...this.inFlight.values()]);
+      void (async () => {
+         await settled;
+         await this.registration;
+         // The proxy the session registered on, never a fresh connection: a
+         // connection that dropped already ended the session on the server.
+         if (!this.detached && this.registeredOn) {
+            await this.registeredOn.closeSession({ clientId: this.clientId });
+         }
+      })().catch(() => undefined);
    }
 
-   /** The live generation, building one if there is none. */
-   protected currentGeneration(): Generation<TTransfer> {
-      if (this.generation) {
-         return this.generation;
+   /**
+    * Come off the connection because it is going away.
+    *
+    * Sends nothing, unlike {@link dispose}: the server ends every session on a
+    * connection it sees close, and the close would travel over the very
+    * connection being disposed.
+    *
+    * Public because the connection calls it; anyone else ends a session with
+    * {@link dispose}. It fires {@link onDidDispose} only if the session has not
+    * already ended, and after {@link dispose} it still cancels the close that
+    * dispose has not sent yet.
+    */
+   detach(): void {
+      this.detached = true;
+      this.openUris.clear();
+      this.opens.clear();
+      this.unsavedWrites.clear();
+      this.lastAnswers.clear();
+      this.savedVersions.clear();
+      this.createdUris.clear();
+      if (!this.disposed) {
+         this.disposed = true;
+         this.fireDispose();
+      }
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Dispose {@link dirtySubscription}, {@link updateSubscription} and
+    * {@link deletionSubscription}, fire {@link onDidDispose} and dispose its
+    * emitter, so a second call fires nothing.
+    */
+   protected fireDispose(): void {
+      this.dirtySubscription?.dispose();
+      this.updateSubscription?.dispose();
+      this.deletionSubscription?.dispose();
+      this.disposeEmitter.fire(undefined);
+      this.disposeEmitter.dispose();
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Register again and restore now, after the connection dropped, instead of
+    * on the next call. A no-op for a session with nothing open, which the next
+    * call restores anyway, and for one already registered on the current
+    * connection. A failure is retried on the connection's next ready
+    * generation; a call before then meets it again.
+    */
+   reconnect(): void {
+      if (!this.disposed && this.openUris.size > 0) {
+         this.connected().catch(() => undefined);
+      }
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Drop the record in {@link unsavedWrites} of a document this session has
+    * open once the server says it turned clean, and its mark in
+    * {@link createdUris}: it holds no unsaved text then, and a record kept
+    * would have a restore report the write lost once another client's save
+    * changed the file.
+    *
+    * The server sends a flip only for a document someone watches, so a
+    * document the session writes without watching it keeps its record, and
+    * can still be reported lost that way.
+    */
+   protected forgetSavedWrite(event: TransferDocumentDirtyChangedEvent): void {
+      if (event.text?.dirty) {
+         return;
+      }
+      // The flip names the server's key, which is not always the caller's
+      // spelling that the records are kept under.
+      for (const [uri, open] of this.opens) {
+         if (open.serverUri === event.uri) {
+            this.unsavedWrites.delete(uri);
+            this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+         }
       }
-      const connection = this.port.connect();
-      // Rejection is reported here rather than left to float: an unhandled
-      // rejection on a connection promise is the failure mode that reads as
-      // "the model is empty" instead of "the transport never opened".
-      connection.catch((error: unknown) =>
-         this.port.reportError(error, resolve(DATA_SERVER_CONNECT_FAILED, { detail: describeError(error) }))
-      );
-      const server = createRpcProxy<DataServerProtocol<TTransfer>, DataClientProtocol<TTransfer>>(connection, {
-         methodNamespace: this.methodNamespace,
-         localTarget: this.client,
-         localMethods: DATA_CLIENT_PROTOCOL_METHODS
-      });
-      this.generation = { connection, server };
-      return this.generation;
    }
 
-   /** Await the connection and the server's startup gate for one generation. */
-   protected async awaitReady(generation: Generation<TTransfer>): Promise<void> {
+   /**
+    * Drop the record in {@link unsavedWrites} of a document another client
+    * wrote over while the connection held: its write replaced the session's,
+    * so a restore has nothing of the session's to put back, and a record kept
+    * would have it report the write lost to the reconnect. A write superseded
+    * before its answer needs nothing: the answer names the other client's
+    * text, which the record then holds.
+    *
+    * Only a `'changed'` event from another client counts, and only where the
+    * document no longer holds the write: the session's own echo, and an
+    * integrity repair already in the write's answer, replaced nothing, and a
+    * `'rebuilt'` event carries no new text. Like {@link forgetSavedWrite}, it
+    * depends on the server sending the event, which it does only for a
+    * document someone watches.
+    *
+    * The mark in {@link createdUris} goes on any such event: the unsaved text
+    * is then the other client's, and a record still kept reports the
+    * session's own.
+    */
+   protected forgetSupersededWrite(event: TransferDocumentUpdatedEvent<TTransfer, DiagnosticOf<TServer>>): void {
+      if (event.reason !== 'changed' || this.isOwnEcho(event.sourceClientId)) {
+         return;
+      }
+      for (const [uri, open] of this.opens) {
+         if (open.serverUri !== event.document.uri) {
+            continue;
+         }
+         this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+         const write = this.unsavedWrites.get(uri);
+         if (write && this.restoreOutcome(write, event.document) !== 'kept') {
+            this.unsavedWrites.delete(uri);
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Forget a document whose file was deleted, which closed this session's
+    * open. At once rather than after the calls in flight settle, which would
+    * let a restore re-open the file that is gone. Unwatched rather than
+    * closed: the server keeps the watch, and a close could end a re-open of a
+    * re-created file still in flight. Unsaved writes are logged, not
+    * reported: the client hears the deletion too. A document this session
+    * created and never saved, deleted by no session, is reported as well: a
+    * drop released it. An unsaved write breaks the set it was written with,
+    * see {@link brokenSets}.
+    *
+    * This session's own deletion is neither unwatched nor logged as dropping
+    * unsaved text: its delete released the watch, and its caller chose to
+    * drop the text.
+    */
+   protected forgetDeletedDocument(event: TransferDocumentDeletedEvent): void {
+      for (const [uri, open] of this.opens) {
+         if (open.serverUri !== event.uri) {
+            continue;
+         }
+         open.deleted = true;
+         if (this.isOwnEcho(event.sourceClientId)) {
+            this.logger.withUri(uri).debug('Forgot the document: this session deleted it');
+            this.forgetDocument(uri);
+            continue;
+         }
+         const write = this.unsavedWrites.get(uri);
+         if (write) {
+            this.brokenSets.add(setOf(write));
+         }
+         // Never saved, so no file a watcher could see removed: a deletion
+         // naming no session is the release of the text a drop left behind.
+         const released = this.createdUris.has(uri) && event.sourceClientId === UNKNOWN_CLIENT_ID;
+         this.forgetGoneDocument(uri);
+         if (released) {
+            const reported = resolve(DATA_SESSION_UNSAVED_LOST, { uris: uri });
+            this.host.reportError?.(new Error(reported.text), reported);
+         }
+         this.connected()
+            .then(server => server.unwatchModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId }))
+            .catch(() => undefined);
+      }
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * {@link forgetDocument} a document that is gone, logging any unsaved text
+    * it drops, written or created; returns whether it dropped some.
+    */
+   protected forgetGoneDocument(uri: string): boolean {
+      const unsaved = this.unsavedWrites.has(uri) || this.createdUris.has(uri);
+      if (unsaved) {
+         this.logger.withUri(uri).warn('Dropped unsaved text: the document is gone');
+      } else {
+         this.logger.withUri(uri).debug('Forgot the document: it is gone');
+      }
+      this.forgetDocument(uri);
+      return unsaved;
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Register on `server`, and after a reconnect restore what the ended session
+    * had. Calls issued meanwhile wait for this.
+    */
+   protected async register(server: RpcProxy<TServer>, reconnected: boolean): Promise<void> {
+      await server.createSession({ clientId: this.clientId, label: this.label, resumeToken: this.resumeToken });
+      if (reconnected) {
+         await this.restore(server);
+      }
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Re-open, each under the options its {@link DataSessionOpen} holds, and
+    * re-watch every document the session had open, write again what it wrote
+    * since their last save where the re-open lost it, and tell the host which
+    * of them lost it for good.
+    *
+    * Decided per document by the re-opened document's `text.hash`,
+    * in {@link restoreOutcome}. Versions cannot decide a write: a revert moves
+    * the version on and a restarted server numbers afresh, so the version the
+    * last write was answered with never matches where a write is needed, and
+    * any other version may be another client's edit, which a write would
+    * overwrite.
+    *
+    * Only what the drop cost is reported: a write another client wrote over
+    * while the connection held has no record left by then, see
+    * {@link forgetSupersededWrite}.
+    *
+    * A write is sent again based on the re-opened version, as an ordinary
+    * write, so an edit arriving in between conflicts, and a conflict is not
+    * retried. Documents last written by one {@link updateDocuments} are sent
+    * again by one, and only when every one of them may be; a document that
+    * could not be re-opened, or that another client deleted, blocks its set.
+    *
+    * No caller is waiting, so the outcomes go through the host: one report
+    * naming every document whose unsaved text is gone, whose record is then
+    * dropped, and one per document that could not be re-opened or written
+    * again for another reason than a conflict. A document that could not be
+    * re-opened is forgotten; a failed write keeps its record, for the next
+    * restore to decide again. A document closed while the restore runs, or
+    * whose file is deleted then, is neither restored nor reported. One gone
+    * while the connection was down, which the server reads back without a
+    * model, is forgotten, and its deletion goes to the host as the deletion
+    * no event brought; unsaved text it took with it is logged, as for a
+    * deletion heard live, and reported as well for a document the session
+    * created and never saved, which the drop released. A host that cannot
+    * tell the client has the unsaved text of either reported. Once the session
+    * is disposed, its caller has ended it, and the restore returns at its
+    * next await: nothing more goes to the server or the host.
+    *
+    * Each document's dirty state goes to the host too, read once the watch is
+    * in place and any write is sent: a flip while the connection was down, or
+    * between the re-open and the watch, reached no one, and the re-open's own
+    * answer misses the second. Read before the write, it would tell the client
+    * a document is clean that the write is about to make dirty again.
+    */
+   protected async restore(server: RpcProxy<TServer>): Promise<void> {
+      const writes = [...this.unsavedWrites];
+      // No write sent before the drop answers any more, and a restarted
+      // server numbers afresh, below the versions saved before it.
+      this.savedVersions.clear();
+      const reopened = new Map<string, DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>>();
+      const lost: string[] = [];
+      for (const uri of [...this.openUris]) {
+         // Closed, or its file deleted, while the restore ran.
+         if (!this.openUris.has(uri)) {
+            continue;
+         }
+         try {
+            const options = this.opens.get(uri)?.options;
+            const document = await server.openModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId, options });
+            if (this.disposed) {
+               return;
+            }
+            if (!this.openUris.has(uri)) {
+               // Forgotten while it re-opened. A close of the caller's would
+               // follow, but a deletion sends none.
+               await server.closeModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId }).catch(() => undefined);
+               continue;
+            }
+            // Recorded before the watch, so a deletion heard while it is under
+            // way finds the re-open under the URI it answered with, which a
+            // restarted server may key differently.
+            this.opens.set(uri, { serverUri: document.uri, deleted: false, options });
+            await server.watchModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId }).catch(async (error: unknown) => {
+               // Closed, or the server holds the re-open until the session
+               // ends; no other call relies on it while the restore runs.
+               await server.closeModelDocument({ uri, clientId: this.clientId }).catch(() => undefined);
+               throw error;
+            });
+            if (this.disposed) {
+               return;
+            }
+            if (this.openUris.has(uri)) {
+               // Text other than this session last saw was written while the
+               // connection was down, by an event it never heard.
+               const known = this.lastAnswers.get(uri);
+               if (this.createdUris.has(uri) && document.text !== undefined && known !== undefined && document.text.hash !== known.hash) {
+                  this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+               }
+               this.recordText(uri, document);
+            }
+            reopened.set(uri, document);
+         } catch (error: unknown) {
+            // Gone while the connection was down, which no deletion told the
+            // session of: the server answers a read of it without a model.
+            const read = await server.getModelDocument({ uri }).catch(() => undefined);
+            if (this.disposed) {
+               return;
+            }
+            // Forgotten meanwhile, so nothing is lost.
+            if (!this.openUris.has(uri)) {
+               continue;
+            }
+            if (read && !read.model) {
+               const write = this.unsavedWrites.get(uri);
+               // Named as the client last heard it, by the open's answer.
+               const serverUri = this.opens.get(uri)?.serverUri ?? uri;
+               // Never saved, so the drop released it and no one deleted it.
+               const created = this.createdUris.has(uri);
+               const unsaved = this.forgetGoneDocument(uri);
+               // Kept for `reapply`, where it blocks its set as a document
+               // that could not be re-opened does, and goes.
+               if (write) {
+                  this.unsavedWrites.set(uri, write);
+               }
+               if (!this.host.restoreDeletion) {
+                  // No client hears of the deletion, so the loss is reported.
+                  if (unsaved) {
+                     lost.push(uri);
+                  }
+                  continue;
+               }
+               // The client hears of the deletion, so unsaved text is logged,
+               // as for one heard live; the drop's release is reported too.
+               if (created) {
+                  lost.push(uri);
+               }
+               try {
+                  this.host.restoreDeletion({ uri: serverUri, sourceClientId: UNKNOWN_CLIENT_ID });
+               } catch {
+                  // The client's listener failed, not the restore.
+               }
+               continue;
+            }
+            // Its record goes with its set's, in `reapply`, which it blocks.
+            this.openUris.delete(uri);
+            this.opens.delete(uri);
+            this.lastAnswers.delete(uri);
+            this.savedVersions.delete(uri);
+            this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+            this.host.reportError?.(error, resolve(DATA_SESSION_RESTORE_FAILED, { uri, detail: describeError(error) }));
+         }
+      }
+      const sets = new Map<object, [string, DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TTransfer, TServer>][]>();
+      for (const [uri, write] of writes) {
+         const set = setOf(write);
+         sets.set(set, [...(sets.get(set) ?? []), [uri, write]]);
+      }
+      for (const members of sets.values()) {
+         lost.push(...(await this.reapply(server, members, reopened)));
+         if (this.disposed) {
+            return;
+         }
+      }
+      for (const uri of reopened.keys()) {
+         if (!this.openUris.has(uri)) {
+            continue;
+         }
+         // A failed read, or one without text, leaves the client's dirty
+         // state as it was; the document is restored all the same.
+         const current = await server.getModelDocument({ uri }).catch(() => undefined);
+         if (this.disposed) {
+            return;
+         }
+         // Again after the read: one closed or deleted meanwhile has no
+         // state to tell.
+         if (current?.text !== undefined && this.openUris.has(uri)) {
+            // A created document reads clean only once a save gave it a
+            // baseline, so its text is no longer unsaved. A write record
+            // stays: a reverted document reads clean too, its write unsent.
+            if (!current.text.dirty) {
+               this.createdUris.delete(uri);
+            }
+            try {
+               this.host.restoreDirty?.({ uri: current.uri, text: current.text });
+            } catch {
+               // The client's listener failed, not the restore: the server
+               // has the document open and watched, so it stays restored.
+            }
+         }
+      }
+      if (lost.length > 0) {
+         const reported = resolve(DATA_SESSION_UNSAVED_LOST, { uris: lost.join(', ') });
+         this.host.reportError?.(new Error(reported.text), reported);
+      }
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Whether the re-opened `document` still holds the session's unsaved
+    * `write` (`'kept'`), holds the text the write started from, so the write
+    * can be sent again (`'resend'`), or holds something else (`'lost'`).
+    *
+    * A document without `text` comes from a server that sends none, and
+    * counts as kept only at the version the write was answered with. One
+    * without a model has no version to send the write again on.
+    */
+   protected restoreOutcome(
+      write: DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TTransfer, TServer>,
+      document: DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>
+   ): 'kept' | 'resend' | 'lost' {
+      if (document.text === undefined) {
+         return document.model?.version === write.answer.version ? 'kept' : 'lost';
+      }
+      if (document.text.hash === write.answer.hash) {
+         return 'kept';
+      }
+      return document.model && write.baseHash !== undefined && document.text.hash === write.baseHash ? 'resend' : 'lost';
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Write again, in one call and based on their `reopened` versions, the
+    * `members` of one write call that the re-open lost, all or none. Returns
+    * the URIs whose unsaved text is gone, and drops their records, and the
+    * record of a member that could not be re-opened.
+    *
+    * A member whose record is no longer the one the restore started with was
+    * closed, saved or disposed meanwhile, and is left out: writing it would
+    * put back text its caller discarded. A set in {@link brokenSets} is
+    * not written again.
+    */
+   protected async reapply(
+      server: RpcProxy<TServer>,
+      members: readonly [string, DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TTransfer, TServer>][],
+      reopened: ReadonlyMap<string, DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>>
+   ): Promise<string[]> {
+      const current = (uri: string, write: DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TTransfer, TServer>): boolean =>
+         !this.disposed && this.unsavedWrites.get(uri) === write;
+      const outcomes = members
+         .filter(([uri, write]) => current(uri, write))
+         .map(([uri, write]) => {
+            const document = reopened.get(uri);
+            return { uri, write, document, outcome: document ? this.restoreOutcome(write, document) : 'failed' };
+         });
+      // A restarted server numbers afresh: the answers to later writes follow
+      // on from the re-opened version, not from the one the record holds.
+      for (const { uri, write, document, outcome } of outcomes) {
+         if (outcome === 'kept' && document) {
+            this.unsavedWrites.set(uri, { ...write, answer: this.answerOf(uri, document) });
+         }
+      }
+      // A document that could not be re-opened is forgotten, and was reported
+      // as such; one closed, saved or deleted while a write ran lost nothing.
+      const lose = (): string[] => {
+         const gone = outcomes.filter(member => member.outcome !== 'kept' && current(member.uri, member.write));
+         gone.forEach(member => {
+            this.unsavedWrites.delete(member.uri);
+            this.createdUris.delete(member.uri);
+         });
+         return gone.filter(member => member.outcome === 'lost' || member.outcome === 'resend').map(member => member.uri);
+      };
+      if (this.brokenSets.has(setOf(members[0][1])) || outcomes.some(member => member.outcome === 'lost' || member.outcome === 'failed')) {
+         return lose();
+      }
+      // In the order of the call's updates, which is the order of its answers.
+      const resend = outcomes
+         .flatMap(({ uri, write, document, outcome }) =>
+            outcome === 'resend' && document?.model ? [{ uri, write, baseVersion: document.model.version }] : []
+         )
+         .sort((left, right) => indexOf(left.write) - indexOf(right.write));
+      if (resend.length === 0) {
+         return [];
+      }
+      const opens = resend.map(member => this.opens.get(member.uri));
+      let documents: DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>[];
       try {
-         await generation.connection;
-         await generation.server.waitForReady();
+         const { call } = resend[0].write;
+         if ('update' in call) {
+            documents = [
+               await this.writesInFlight.track(
+                  server.updateModelDocument({ ...call.update, baseVersion: resend[0].baseVersion, clientId: this.clientId })
+               )
+            ];
+         } else {
+            const baseVersion = new Map(resend.map(member => [indexOf(member.write), member.baseVersion]));
+            documents = await this.writesInFlight.track(
+               server.updateModelDocuments({
+                  ...call.updates,
+                  clientId: this.clientId,
+                  updates: call.updates.updates.flatMap((update, index) => {
+                     const version = baseVersion.get(index);
+                     return version === undefined ? [] : [{ ...update, baseVersion: version }];
+                  })
+               })
+            );
+         }
       } catch (error: unknown) {
-         // Drop the generation so the next request retries rather than
-         // re-awaiting a settled rejection forever.
-         if (this.generation === generation) {
-            this.generation = undefined;
+         if (isConflictError(error)) {
+            return lose();
+         }
+         for (const { uri, write, baseVersion } of resend) {
+            // Closed, saved or deleted while the write ran: nothing to restore.
+            if (!current(uri, write)) {
+               continue;
+            }
+            this.host.reportError?.(error, resolve(DATA_SESSION_RESTORE_FAILED, { uri, detail: describeError(error) }));
+            // Kept for the next restore, and numbered from the re-opened
+            // version, as the kept records are: a record numbered by a server
+            // that has since restarted would have later answers ignored.
+            this.unsavedWrites.set(uri, { ...write, answer: { ...write.answer, version: baseVersion } });
          }
-         this.port.reportError(error, resolve(DATA_SERVER_NOT_READY, { detail: describeError(error) }));
-         throw error;
+         return [];
       }
+      resend.forEach((member, index) => {
+         if (current(member.uri, member.write)) {
+            // Recorded afresh, since the answer of a restarted server may be
+            // numbered below the one it replaces.
+            this.unsavedWrites.delete(member.uri);
+            this.recordWrite(member.uri, opens[index], documents[index], member.write.baseHash, member.write.call);
+         }
+      });
+      return [];
    }
 
    /**
-    * Discard the current generation, disposing its connection if it opened.
-    * The next {@link connected} builds a fresh one.
+    * The text hash of the version `baseVersion` names for `uri`, for a write that
+    * starts the URI's record in {@link unsavedWrites}; `undefined` for any
+    * other write, whose record keeps the base it has.
+    *
+    * Taken from {@link lastAnswers} when that is at the version, otherwise
+    * read, and kept only when the read answers that version: a server's text
+    * changes only with its version, so the text at a version is the text the
+    * write, once it passes the gate, was applied to.
     */
-   protected dropGeneration(): void {
-      const generation = this.generation;
-      this.generation = undefined;
-      if (!generation) {
+   protected async baseHashOf(server: RpcProxy<TServer>, uri: string, baseVersion: BaseVersion): Promise<string | undefined> {
+      if (this.unsavedWrites.has(uri) || !isModelVersion(baseVersion)) {
+         return undefined;
+      }
+      const known = this.lastAnswers.get(uri);
+      if (known?.version === baseVersion) {
+         return known.hash;
+      }
+      const read = await server.getModelDocument({ uri }).catch(() => undefined);
+      return read?.text?.version === baseVersion ? read.text.hash : undefined;
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Record `document` as the answer to a write of `uri` sent under `open`,
+    * keeping the base of the URI's record if it has one. An answer sent under
+    * no open, or under one that has ended, is ignored. So is one numbered below
+    * the record's: two writes of `uri` in flight at once may answer out of
+    * order, and the record holds the one applied last.
+    *
+    * So is one numbered at or below the URI's entry in {@link savedVersions}.
+    * The save came after that write was applied, so the save persisted its
+    * text or a later write replaced it, and its answer carries the text as it
+    * was when sent, which a restore would report as lost.
+    */
+   protected recordWrite(
+      uri: string,
+      open: DataSessionOpen<TTransfer, TServer> | undefined,
+      document: DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>,
+      baseHash: string | undefined,
+      call: DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TTransfer, TServer>['call']
+   ): void {
+      // Recorded, it would outlive that open.
+      if (!open || this.opens.get(uri) !== open) {
+         return;
+      }
+      const answer = this.answerOf(uri, document);
+      const kept = this.unsavedWrites.get(uri);
+      if (kept && answer.version < kept.answer.version) {
+         return;
+      }
+      const saved = this.savedVersions.get(uri);
+      if (saved !== undefined && answer.version <= saved) {
+         return;
+      }
+      this.unsavedWrites.set(uri, { baseHash: kept ? kept.baseHash : baseHash, answer, call });
+      this.recordText(uri, document);
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * What {@link DataSessionUnsavedWrite.answer} keeps of `document`. Every write
+    * and open answers with a model; one without is reported and counted older
+    * than every version, so it never replaces a real answer.
+    */
+   protected answerOf(
+      uri: string,
+      document: DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>
+   ): DataSessionUnsavedWrite<TTransfer, TServer>['answer'] {
+      if (!document.model) {
+         const reported = resolve(DATA_SESSION_ANSWER_WITHOUT_MODEL, { uri });
+         this.host.reportError?.(new Error(reported.text), reported);
+         return { version: UNRECORDED_VERSION, hash: document.text?.hash };
+      }
+      return { version: document.model.version, hash: document.text?.hash };
+   }
+
+   /** Keep `document`'s text in {@link lastAnswers}, or forget it for a server that sends none. */
+   protected recordText(uri: string, document: DataSessionDocument<TTransfer, TServer>): void {
+      if (document.text) {
+         this.lastAnswers.set(uri, document.text);
+      } else {
+         this.lastAnswers.delete(uri);
+      }
+   }
+
+   /** Run `call`, counted as in flight on each of `uris` until it settles. */
+   protected track<T>(uris: readonly string[], call: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+      const running = call();
+      for (const uri of uris) {
+         let tracker = this.inFlight.get(uri);
+         if (tracker === undefined) {
+            tracker = new PendingWorkTracker();
+            this.inFlight.set(uri, tracker);
+         }
+         tracker.track(running);
+      }
+      return running;
+   }
+
+   /** {@link track} an update of `uris`, counted in {@link writesInFlight} too. */
+   protected trackWrite<T>(uris: readonly string[], call: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+      return this.writesInFlight.track(this.track(uris, call));
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * {@link track} an open of `uri`, kept in {@link openings} until it settles,
+    * and sent once the closes and deletes of `uri` called before it have
+    * answered.
+    */
+   protected trackOpen<T>(
+      uri: string,
+      options: DataSessionOpenOptions<TTransfer, TServer>,
+      call: (opening: DataSessionOpening<TTransfer, TServer>) => Promise<T>
+   ): Promise<T> {
+      const opening: DataSessionOpening<TTransfer, TServer> = { closed: false, options };
+      const openings = this.openings.get(uri) ?? new Set<DataSessionOpening<TTransfer, TServer>>();
+      this.openings.set(uri, openings.add(opening));
+      const done = (): void => {
+         openings.delete(opening);
+         if (openings.size === 0 && this.openings.get(uri) === openings) {
+            this.openings.delete(uri);
+         }
+      };
+      const ending = this.endings.get(uri);
+      const running = this.track([uri], () => (ending ? ending.then(() => call(opening)) : call(opening)));
+      running.then(done, done);
+      return running;
+   }
+
+   /**
+    * Run `end`, a close or delete of `uri`, kept in {@link endings} until it
+    * and every earlier one of `uri` have settled.
+    */
+   protected trackEnding(uri: string, end: () => Promise<void>): Promise<void> {
+      const ending = end();
+      const settled = Promise.allSettled([this.endings.get(uri), ending]);
+      this.endings.set(uri, settled);
+      void settled.then(() => {
+         if (this.endings.get(uri) === settled) {
+            this.endings.delete(uri);
+         }
+      });
+      return ending;
+   }
+
+   /** Wait until the work `trackers` hold now has settled, or {@link settleBeforeCloseMs} has passed. */
+   protected async settle(trackers: Iterable<PendingWorkTracker | undefined>): Promise<void> {
+      const pending = [...trackers].filter((tracker): tracker is PendingWorkTracker => tracker !== undefined && !tracker.isIdle);
+      if (pending.length === 0) {
          return;
       }
-      generation.connection.then(connection => connection.dispose()).catch(() => undefined);
+      await this.clock.raceTimer(Promise.all(pending.map(tracker => tracker.whenSettled())), this.settleBeforeCloseMs);
+   }
+
+   protected assertLive(): void {
+      if (this.disposed) {
+         throw new SessionClosedError(this.clientId);
+      }
    }
 }