@harmoniclabs/pebble 0.1.0-dev0

package/dist/parser/Parser.js

@@ -0,0 +1,2416 @@
+import { Identifier } from "../ast/nodes/common/Identifier.js";
+import { NamedDeconstructVarDecl } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/VarDecl/NamedDeconstructVarDecl.js";
+import { SingleDeconstructVarDecl } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/VarDecl/SingleDeconstructVarDecl.js";
+import { VarStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/VarStmt.js";
+import { SourceKind, Source } from "../ast/Source/Source.js";
+import { CommonFlags, LIBRARY_PREFIX, PATH_DELIMITER } from "../common.js";
+import { DiagnosticEmitter } from "../diagnostics/DiagnosticEmitter.js";
+import { DiagnosticCode } from "../diagnostics/diagnosticMessages.generated.js";
+import { Token } from "../tokenizer/Token.js";
+import { Tokenizer } from "../tokenizer/Tokenizer.js";
+import { isNonEmpty } from "../utils/isNonEmpty.js";
+import { SourceRange } from "../ast/Source/SourceRange.js";
+import { SimpleVarDecl } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/VarDecl/SimpleVarDecl.js";
+import { ArrayLikeDeconstr } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/VarDecl/ArrayLikeDeconstr.js";
+import { IdentifierHandling } from "../tokenizer/IdentifierHandling.js";
+import { makeUnaryPrefixExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/unary/UnaryPrefixExpr.js";
+import { LitUndefExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitUndefExpr.js";
+import { LitVoidExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitVoidExpr.js";
+import { LitFalseExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitFalseExpr.js";
+import { LitThisExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitThisExpr.js";
+import { LitTrueExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitTrueExpr.js";
+import { ParentesizedExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/ParentesizedExpr.js";
+import { ArrowKind } from "../ast/nodes/expr/functions/ArrowKind.js";
+import { FuncExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/functions/FuncExpr.js";
+import { AstBooleanType, AstBytesType, AstListType, AstIntType, AstNativeOptionalType, AstVoidType, AstLinearMapType, AstFuncType } from "../ast/nodes/types/AstNativeTypeExpr.js";
+import { AstNamedTypeExpr } from "../ast/nodes/types/AstNamedTypeExpr.js";
+import { LitArrExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitArrExpr.js";
+import { LitNamedObjExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitNamedObjExpr.js";
+import { LitObjExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitObjExpr.js";
+import { LitStrExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitStrExpr.js";
+import { LitIntExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitIntExpr.js";
+import { LitHexBytesExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/litteral/LitHexBytesExpr.js";
+import { CallExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/functions/CallExpr.js";
+import { BlockStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/BlockStmt.js";
+import { BreakStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/BreakStmt.js";
+import { ContinueStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ContinueStmt.js";
+import { ForStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ForStmt.js";
+import { ForOfStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ForOfStmt.js";
+import { IfStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/IfStmt.js";
+import { ReturnStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ReturnStmt.js";
+import { EmptyStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/EmptyStmt.js";
+import { FuncDecl } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/FuncDecl.js";
+import { FailStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/FailStmt.js";
+import { AssertStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/AssertStmt.js";
+import { TestStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/TestStmt.js";
+import { MatchStmt, MatchStmtCase } from "../ast/nodes/statements/MatchStmt.js";
+import { WhileStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/WhileStmt.js";
+import { CaseExpr, CaseExprMatcher } from "../ast/nodes/expr/CaseExpr.js";
+import { StructConstrDecl, StructDecl, StructDeclAstFlags } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/StructDecl.js";
+import { InterfaceDecl, InterfaceDeclMethod } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/InterfaceDecl.js";
+import { ImportStarStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ImportStarStmt.js";
+import { ImportDecl, ImportStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ImportStmt.js";
+import { ExportImportStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ExportImportStmt.js";
+import { ExportStarStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ExportStarStmt.js";
+import { InterfaceMethodImpl, TypeImplementsStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/TypeImplementsStmt.js";
+import { TypeAliasDecl } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/TypeAliasDecl.js";
+import { EnumDecl, EnumValueDecl } from "../ast/nodes/statements/declarations/EnumDecl.js";
+import { TypeConversionExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/TypeConversionExpr.js";
+import { NonNullExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/unary/NonNullExpr.js";
+import { ElemAccessExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/ElemAccessExpr.js";
+import { TernaryExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/TernaryExpr.js";
+import { makePropAccessExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/PropAccessExpr.js";
+import { makeBinaryExpr } from "../ast/nodes/expr/binary/BinaryExpr.js";
+import { isAssignmentStmt, makeAssignmentStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/AssignmentStmt.js";
+import { hoistStatementsInplace } from "./hoistStatementsInplace.js";
+import { UsingStmt, UsingStmtDeclaredConstructor } from "../ast/nodes/statements/UsingStmt.js";
+import { IncrStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/IncrStmt.js";
+import { DecrStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/DecrStmt.js";
+import { ExportStmt } from "../ast/nodes/statements/ExportStmt.js";
+import { defaultSymbolForge } from "../compiler/internalVar.js";
+import { Precedence, determinePrecedence } from "./Precedence.js";
+export class Parser extends DiagnosticEmitter {
+    tn;
+    constructor(tokenizer, diagnostics = undefined) {
+        super(diagnostics);
+        this.tn = tokenizer;
+    }
+    static parseFile(path, src, getUid = defaultSymbolForge.getUid.bind(defaultSymbolForge), isEntry = false) {
+        const internalPath = path; // getInternalPath( path );
+        const kind = (isEntry
+            ? SourceKind.UserEntry
+            : path.startsWith(LIBRARY_PREFIX)
+                ? path.indexOf(PATH_DELIMITER, LIBRARY_PREFIX.length) < 0
+                    ? SourceKind.LibraryEntry
+                    : SourceKind.Library
+                : SourceKind.User);
+        const source = new Source(kind, internalPath, getUid(), src);
+        return [
+            source,
+            Parser.parseSource(source)
+        ];
+    }
+    static parseSource(src, diagnostics) {
+        return new Parser(new Tokenizer(src), diagnostics).parseSource();
+    }
+    parseSource() {
+        const src = this.tn.source;
+        if (src.statements.length > 0)
+            return this.diagnostics;
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        let stmt;
+        while (!tn.eof()) {
+            stmt = this.parseTopLevelStatement();
+            if (stmt)
+                src.statements.push(stmt);
+            else
+                this.skipStatement();
+        }
+        hoistStatementsInplace(src.statements);
+        return this.diagnostics;
+    }
+    parseTopLevelStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        let flags = CommonFlags.None;
+        let startPos = tn.pos;
+        // `export` keyword
+        // `export default` is NOT supported (`export default` should have never exsisted)
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Export)) {
+            const exportEnd = tn.pos;
+            const stmt = this.parseTopLevelStatement();
+            if (!stmt)
+                return undefined;
+            return new ExportStmt(stmt, tn.range(startPos, exportEnd));
+        }
+        const initialState = tn.mark();
+        let statement = undefined;
+        let first = tn.peek();
+        if (startPos < 0)
+            startPos = tn.nextTokenPos;
+        switch (first) {
+            case Token.Var:
+            case Token.Let:
+            case Token.Const: {
+                tn.next(); // skip `const` | `let` | `var`
+                flags |= first === Token.Const ? CommonFlags.Const : CommonFlags.Let;
+                if (tn.skip(Token.Enum)) {
+                    tn.reset(initialState);
+                    this.skipStatement();
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Not_implemented_0, tn.range(), "const enum");
+                }
+                statement = this.parseVarStmt(flags, startPos);
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Using: {
+                statement = this.parseUsingDecl();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Enum: {
+                tn.next();
+                statement = this.parseEnum(flags, startPos);
+                // decorators = undefined;
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Function: {
+                tn.next();
+                statement = this.parseFuncDecl(flags, startPos);
+                // decorators = undefined;
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Data: {
+                // skips `data` keyword
+                // positions on (expected) `struct` keyword
+                if (tn.next() !== Token.Struct)
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "struct");
+                tn.next(); // skip `struct`
+                statement = this.parseStruct(StructDeclAstFlags.onlyDataEncoding, flags, startPos);
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Runtime: {
+                // skips `runtime` keyword
+                // positions on (expected) `struct` keyword
+                if (tn.next() !== Token.Struct)
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "struct");
+                tn.next(); // skip `struct`
+                statement = this.parseStruct(StructDeclAstFlags.onlySopEncoding, flags, startPos);
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Struct: {
+                tn.next();
+                statement = this.parseStruct(StructDeclAstFlags.none, flags, startPos);
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Interface: {
+                tn.next();
+                statement = this.parseInterface(flags, startPos);
+                // decorators = undefined;
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Import: {
+                tn.next();
+                statement = this.parseImport();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Type: { // also identifier // no more
+                // let state = tn.mark();
+                tn.next();
+                // if (tn.peek(IdentifierHandling.Prefer) === Token.Identifier) {
+                //     tn.discard(state);
+                //     statement = this.parseTypeDeclaration(flags, startPos);
+                //     // decorators = undefined;
+                // } else {
+                //     tn.reset(state);
+                //     statement = this.parseStatement(true);
+                // }
+                statement = this.parseTypeStmt(flags, startPos);
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                {
+                    statement = this.parseStatement({ topLevel: true, isExport: false });
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return statement;
+    }
+    parseUsingDecl() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+        const members = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            const thisStartPos = tn.tokenPos;
+            if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+            const identifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+            let renamed = undefined;
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Colon)) {
+                if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+                renamed = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+            }
+            members.push(new UsingStmtDeclaredConstructor(identifier, renamed, tn.range(thisStartPos, tn.pos)));
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.Comma)) {
+                if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace))
+                    break;
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "}");
+            }
+        }
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.Equals))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "=");
+        const structTypeExpr = this.parseTypeExpr();
+        if (!structTypeExpr)
+            return undefined;
+        return new UsingStmt(members, structTypeExpr, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseTypeParameters() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at '<': TypeParameter (',' TypeParameter)* '>'
+        const typeParams = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan)) {
+            if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+            typeParams.push(new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range()));
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Comma))
+                continue;
+            if (tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan))
+                break;
+            else
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ">");
+        }
+        return typeParams;
+    }
+    parseTypeArguments() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at '<': TypeParameter (',' TypeParameter)* '>'
+        const typeArgs = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan)) {
+            const typeArg = this.parseTypeExpr();
+            if (!typeArg)
+                return undefined;
+            typeArgs.push(typeArg);
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Comma))
+                continue;
+            if (tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan))
+                break;
+            else
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ">");
+        }
+        return typeArgs;
+    }
+    parseExport(startPos) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        startPos = startPos ?? tn.tokenPos;
+        // export { ... } from "module";
+        if (tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace)) {
+            const members = new Array();
+            while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+                const member = this.parseImportDeclaration();
+                if (!member)
+                    return undefined;
+                members.push(member);
+                if (tn.skip(Token.Comma))
+                    continue;
+                if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace))
+                    break;
+                else
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "}");
+            }
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.From))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "from");
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.StringLiteral))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.String_literal_expected, tn.range());
+            tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+            return new ExportImportStmt(members, new LitStrExpr(tn.readString(), tn.range()), tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        }
+        // export * from "module";
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.Asterisk))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{ or *");
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.From))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "from");
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.StringLiteral))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.String_literal_expected, tn.range());
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return new ExportStarStmt(new LitStrExpr(tn.readString(), tn.range()), tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseTypeStmt(flags = CommonFlags.None, startPos) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        startPos = startPos ?? tn.tokenPos;
+        // at 'type': Type
+        // (('=' Type ) ';'?) |
+        // ('implements' Identifier '{' MethodImpl* '}' ';'?)
+        if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        const typeName = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        // if `type Name<...params> = ...` these are parameters
+        // if `type Name<...args> implements ...` these are arguments
+        // so we parse as arguments
+        // and later convert to only identifiers if necessary
+        let typeArgs = [];
+        if (tn.skip(Token.LessThan)) {
+            typeArgs = this.parseTypeArguments();
+            if (!Array.isArray(typeArgs) || typeArgs.length <= 0)
+                return undefined;
+            // flags |= CommonFlags.Generic;
+        }
+        // type NewType = OriginalType
+        // if not `=` then it must be `implements` later
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Equals)) {
+            const nParams = typeArgs.length;
+            const typeParams = new Array(nParams);
+            for (let i = 0; i < nParams; ++i) {
+                const arg = typeArgs[i];
+                if (!(arg instanceof AstNamedTypeExpr))
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Type_parameters_must_be_identifiers, arg.range);
+                typeParams[i] = arg.name;
+            }
+            const aliasedType = this.parseTypeExpr();
+            if (!aliasedType)
+                return undefined;
+            tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+            return new TypeAliasDecl(typeName, typeParams, aliasedType, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        }
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.Implements))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "implements");
+        const typeId = new AstNamedTypeExpr(typeName, typeArgs, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        let interfaceType = undefined;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace)) {
+            const state = tn.mark();
+            interfaceType = this.parseTypeExpr();
+            if (!interfaceType ||
+                !tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace)) {
+                const otherState = tn.mark();
+                tn.reset(state);
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+                tn.reset(otherState);
+                return undefined;
+            }
+        }
+        const members = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+            const namedSig = this.parseNamedFuncSig(flags, tn.tokenPos);
+            if (!namedSig)
+                return undefined;
+            const [methodName, typeParams, sig] = namedSig;
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+            const body = this.parseBlockStmt();
+            if (!body)
+                return undefined;
+            members.push(new InterfaceMethodImpl(methodName, typeParams ?? [], sig, body, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos)));
+        }
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return new TypeImplementsStmt(typeId, interfaceType, members, tn.range());
+    }
+    parseImport() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'import':
+        //  ('{' (ImportMember (',' ImportMember)* '}') | ('*' 'as' Identifier)?
+        //  'from' StringLiteral ';'?
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Asterisk)) // import * as module from "module";
+         {
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.As))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "as");
+            if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+            const identifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.From))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "from");
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.StringLiteral))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.String_literal_expected, tn.range());
+            const path = new LitStrExpr(tn.readString(), tn.range());
+            tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+            return new ImportStarStmt(identifier, path, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        }
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace)) // import { ... } from "module";
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+        const members = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            let member = this.parseImportDeclaration();
+            if (!member)
+                return undefined;
+            members.push(member);
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.Comma)) {
+                if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace))
+                    break;
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "}");
+            }
+        }
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.From))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "from");
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.StringLiteral))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.String_literal_expected, tn.range());
+        const path = new LitStrExpr(tn.readString(), tn.range());
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return new ImportStmt(members, path, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseImportDeclaration() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // before: Identifier ('as' Identifier)?
+        if (!tn.skipIdentifier(IdentifierHandling.Always))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        let identifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        let asIdentifier = undefined;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.As)) {
+            if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+            asIdentifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        }
+        return new ImportDecl(identifier, asIdentifier, asIdentifier ? SourceRange.join(identifier.range, asIdentifier.range) :
+            identifier.range);
+    }
+    parseInterface(flags, startPos) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'interface': Identifier
+        // ('<' TypeParameters '>')?
+        // '{' (FuncDecl | VarDecl)* '}' ';'?
+        startPos = startPos ?? tn.tokenPos;
+        if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        const name = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        let typeParams = [];
+        if (tn.skip(Token.LessThan)) {
+            typeParams = this.parseTypeParameters();
+            if (!Array.isArray(typeParams)
+                || typeParams.length <= 0)
+                return undefined; // we had "<" so we expect
+        }
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+        const members = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            const namedSig = this.parseNamedFuncSig(flags, tn.tokenPos);
+            if (!namedSig)
+                return undefined;
+            const [methodName, typeParams, sig] = namedSig;
+            let body = undefined;
+            if (tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace)) {
+                body = this.parseBlockStmt();
+                if (!body)
+                    return undefined;
+            }
+            members.push(new InterfaceDeclMethod(methodName, 
+            // typeParams ?? [],
+            sig, body, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos)));
+        }
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return new InterfaceDecl(name, typeParams ?? [], members, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseStruct(structDeclFlags, flags = CommonFlags.Const, startPos) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        startPos = startPos ?? tn.tokenPos;
+        if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        const name = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        let typeParams = [];
+        if (tn.skip(Token.LessThan)) {
+            typeParams = this.parseTypeParameters();
+            if (!Array.isArray(typeParams)
+                || typeParams.length <= 0)
+                return undefined;
+            // flags |= CommonFlags.Generic;
+        }
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+        if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) // single constr no fields shortcut
+         {
+            if (typeParams.length > 0) {
+                for (const param of typeParams) {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.Type_parameter_is_unused, param.range); // recoverable
+                }
+            }
+            const range = tn.range(startPos, tn.pos);
+            tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+            return new StructDecl(name, [], // typeParams
+            [
+                new StructConstrDecl(new Identifier(name.text, name.range), [], // fields
+                range)
+            ], structDeclFlags & StructDeclAstFlags.untaggedSingleConstructor, range.clone());
+        }
+        let constrIdentifier = undefined;
+        // in case of single constr shortcut
+        const preIdState = tn.mark();
+        if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        constrIdentifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        // no `{` after identifier means single constr shortcut
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace)) {
+            // reset before identifier, because this is a field name
+            tn.reset(preIdState);
+            constrIdentifier = undefined;
+            const fields = this.parseStructConstrFields(flags);
+            if (!fields)
+                return undefined;
+            // `parseStructConstrFields` already skips the closing brace
+            // if( !tn.skip( Token.CloseBrace ) )
+            tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+            return new StructDecl(name, typeParams, [
+                new StructConstrDecl(new Identifier(name.text, name.range), fields, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos))
+            ], structDeclFlags & StructDeclAstFlags.untaggedSingleConstructor, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        }
+        const constrFields = this.parseStructConstrFields(flags);
+        if (!Array.isArray(constrFields))
+            return undefined;
+        const constrs = [
+            new StructConstrDecl(constrIdentifier, constrFields, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos))
+        ];
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+            constrIdentifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+            // no `{` only allowed in single constr shortcut
+            // this is not the case
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+            const constrFields = this.parseStructConstrFields(flags);
+            if (!Array.isArray(constrFields))
+                return undefined;
+            constrs.push(new StructConstrDecl(constrIdentifier, constrFields, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos)));
+        }
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return new StructDecl(name, typeParams, constrs, structDeclFlags, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseStructConstrFields(flags) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at '{'
+        const fields = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            const field = this._parseVarDecl(flags);
+            if (!field)
+                return this.warning(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "var declaration");
+            if (!(field instanceof SimpleVarDecl))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Invalid_field_declaration, field.range);
+            if (!field.type)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Type_expected, field.range.atEnd());
+            if (field.initExpr)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Initialization_expressions_are_not_allowed_in_a_struct_declaration, SourceRange.join(field.type.range.atEnd(), field.initExpr.range));
+            fields.push(field);
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Comma) ||
+                tn.skip(Token.Semicolon) ||
+                tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine())
+                continue;
+            if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace))
+                break;
+            else
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "}");
+        }
+        return fields;
+    }
+    parseNamedFuncSig(flags = CommonFlags.None, startPos) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        startPos = startPos ?? tn.tokenPos;
+        if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        const name = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        let sigStart = -1;
+        let typeParams = undefined;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.LessThan)) {
+            sigStart = tn.tokenPos;
+            typeParams = this.parseTypeParameters();
+            if (!typeParams || typeParams.length === 0)
+                return undefined;
+            // flags |= CommonFlags.Generic;
+        }
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenParen))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "(");
+        sigStart = sigStart < 0 ? tn.tokenPos : sigStart;
+        const params = this.parseParameters();
+        if (!params)
+            return undefined;
+        let returnType = undefined;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Colon)) {
+            returnType = this.parseTypeExpr();
+            if (!returnType)
+                return undefined;
+        }
+        return [
+            name,
+            typeParams,
+            new AstFuncType(params, returnType, tn.range(sigStart, tn.pos))
+        ];
+    }
+    parseFuncDecl(flags, startPos) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        startPos = startPos ?? tn.tokenPos;
+        const namedSig = this.parseNamedFuncSig(flags, startPos);
+        if (!namedSig)
+            return undefined;
+        const [name, typeArgs, sig] = namedSig;
+        const nParams = typeArgs?.length ?? 0;
+        const typeParams = new Array(nParams);
+        for (let i = 0; i < nParams; ++i) {
+            const arg = typeArgs[i];
+            if (!(arg instanceof AstNamedTypeExpr))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Type_parameters_must_be_identifiers, arg.range);
+            typeParams[i] = arg.name;
+        }
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Function_implementation_is_missing_or_not_immediately_following_the_declaration, tn.range());
+        const body = this.parseBlockStmt();
+        if (!body)
+            return undefined;
+        const endPos = tn.pos;
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        const expr = new FuncExpr(name, flags, typeParams ?? [], sig, body, ArrowKind.None, tn.range(startPos, endPos));
+        return new FuncDecl(expr);
+    }
+    parseEnum(flags, startPos) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'enum': Identifier '{' (EnumValueDecl (',' EnumValueDecl )*)? '}' ';'?
+        if (tn.next() !== Token.Identifier)
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        const identifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+        const members = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            const member = this.parseEnumValue(CommonFlags.None);
+            if (!member)
+                return undefined;
+            members.push(member);
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Comma))
+                continue;
+            if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace))
+                break;
+            else
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "}");
+        }
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return new EnumDecl(identifier, members, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseEnumValue(parentFlags) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // before: Identifier ('=' Expression)?
+        if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        const identifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        let value = undefined;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Equals)) {
+            value = this.parseExpr(Precedence.Comma + 1);
+            if (!value)
+                return undefined;
+        }
+        return new EnumValueDecl(identifier, parentFlags, value, SourceRange.join(identifier.range, tn.range()));
+    }
+    parseVarStmt(flags, startPos, opts = defaultParseVarOpts) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at (`const` | `let` | `var`)
+        // varDecl [, ...varDecl] `;`?
+        opts = {
+            ...defaultParseVarOpts,
+            ...opts
+        };
+        const isFor = opts.isFor;
+        const decls = [];
+        let decl = undefined;
+        do {
+            decl = this._parseVarDecl(flags);
+            if (!decl)
+                return undefined;
+            if (!isFor && !decl.initExpr) {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.Variable_declaration_must_have_an_initializer, decl.range);
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            decls.push(decl);
+        } while (tn.skip(Token.Comma)); // keep pushing while there are commas
+        if (!isNonEmpty(decls)) {
+            this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_variable_statement_must_have_at_least_one_variable_declaration, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const result = new VarStmt(decls, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        // if there is no final semicolon (and we are not in a for loop)
+        if (!isFor && !tn.skip(Token.Semicolon)) {
+            // check for automatic semicolon insertion
+            this.emitErrorIfInvalidAutoSemicolon();
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+    // parseVarDecl(
+    //     flags: CommonFlags = CommonFlags.None,
+    //     opts: Partial<ParseVarOpts> = defaultParseVarOpts
+    // ): VarDecl | undefined
+    // {
+    //     const tn = this.tn;
+    //     // const startRange = tn.range();
+    // 
+    //     opts = {
+    //         ...defaultParseVarOpts,
+    //         ...opts
+    //     };
+    // 
+    //     const varDecl = this._parseVarDecl();
+    //     if( !varDecl ) return undefined;
+    // 
+    //     if( !varDecl.initExpr && !opts.isParam )
+    //     {
+    //     }
+    // }
+    /**
+     * the parsed variable declaration may or may not have a type and/or an initializer
+     *
+     * this is so that `_parseVarDecl` can be used both when parsing a variable statement
+     * or (recursively) when parsing a deconstructed variable declaration
+     *
+     * in the case of the variable statement, and a destructured variable,
+     * an intializer is REQUIRED, with an optional explicit type
+     *
+     * on the contrary in case we are parsing a field of a deconstructed variable declaration
+     * an initializer MUST NOT be present NOR a type
+     */
+    _parseVarDecl(flags) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // ConstrName{ ... } || renamed
+        const renamedField = this.parseIdentifier();
+        if (tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace)) // ConstrName{ ... } || { ... }
+         {
+            const unnamed = this.parseSingleDeconstructVarDecl(flags);
+            if (!unnamed)
+                return undefined;
+            return renamedField instanceof Identifier ?
+                // ConstrName{ ... }
+                NamedDeconstructVarDecl.fromSingleDeconstruct(renamedField, unnamed) :
+                // { ... }
+                unnamed;
+        }
+        else if (tn.skip(Token.OpenBracket)) // [ ... ]
+         {
+            if (renamedField instanceof Identifier) // renamed[ ... ] (what?)
+             {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.Unexpected_token, tn.range());
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            return this.parseArrayLikeDeconstr(flags);
+        }
+        else if (renamedField instanceof Identifier) // renamed
+         {
+            const [explicitType, initializer] = this._parseTypeAndInitializer();
+            let range = renamedField.range;
+            if (initializer)
+                range = SourceRange.join(range, initializer.range);
+            else if (explicitType)
+                range = SourceRange.join(range, explicitType.range);
+            return new SimpleVarDecl(renamedField, explicitType, initializer, flags, range);
+        }
+        else
+            return undefined;
+    }
+    parseSingleDeconstructVarDecl(flags) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        const initRange = tn.range();
+        let elements = new Map();
+        let fieldName = undefined;
+        let element = undefined;
+        let rest = undefined;
+        let isRest = false;
+        let startRange = undefined;
+        let explicitType = undefined;
+        let initializer = undefined;
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            if (isRest) {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_rest_element_must_be_last_in_an_object_destructuring_pattern, tn.range());
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            startRange = tn.range();
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Dot_Dot_Dot))
+                isRest = true;
+            // field
+            fieldName = this.parseIdentifier(startRange);
+            if (isRest) {
+                rest = fieldName;
+                tn.skip(Token.Comma); // skip comma if present
+                continue; // checks for close brace and exits while loop
+            }
+            if (!fieldName) { // (eg: { , ... }) ??
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.Colon)) // only field, with no colon (eg: { field, ... })
+             {
+                element = SimpleVarDecl.onlyIdentifier(fieldName, flags);
+                elements.set(fieldName, element);
+                if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace))
+                    break; // last field destructured
+                if (!tn.skip(Token.Comma)) {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ",");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                continue; // early continue to check for close brace or next field
+            }
+            // else ther is colon (eg: { field: ... })
+            element = this._parseVarDecl(flags);
+            if (!element) // field: ... what?
+             {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.Unexpected_token, tn.range());
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            if (element.initExpr) {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_field_in_a_deconstructed_declaration_cannot_have_an_initialization, element.range);
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            if (element.type) {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_field_in_a_deconstructed_declaration_cannot_have_an_explicit_type_did_you_mean_to_cast_using_the_as_keyword, element.range);
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            if (tn.skip(Token.As)) {
+                const castType = this.parseTypeExpr();
+                if (!castType) {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.Type_expected, tn.range());
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                element.type = castType;
+                /// @ts-ignore Cannot assign to 'range' because it is a read-only property.ts(2540)
+                element.range =
+                    SourceRange.join(element.range, castType.range);
+            }
+            elements.set(fieldName, element);
+            tn.skip(Token.Comma); // skip comma if present
+        } // while( !tn.skip( Token.CloseBrace ) )
+        [explicitType, initializer] = this._parseTypeAndInitializer();
+        return new SingleDeconstructVarDecl(elements, rest, explicitType, initializer, flags, SourceRange.join(initRange, tn.range()));
+    }
+    parseArrayLikeDeconstr(flags) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at '[': ( VarDecl ','? )* ']' ( ':' AstTypeExpr )? ( '=' PebbleExpr )?
+        const startPos = tn.pos;
+        const elems = new Array();
+        let rest = undefined;
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBracket)) {
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Dot_Dot_Dot)) {
+                if (rest)
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_rest_element_must_be_last_in_an_array_destructuring_pattern, tn.range());
+                rest = this.parseIdentifier();
+                if (!rest)
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+                tn.skip(Token.Comma); // skip comma if present
+                continue; // checks for close bracket
+            }
+            if (rest)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_rest_element_must_be_last_in_an_array_destructuring_pattern, rest.range);
+            const elem = this._parseVarDecl(flags);
+            if (!elem)
+                return undefined;
+            if (elem.initExpr || elem.type)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Deconstructed_elements_may_not_have_initializers_or_explicit_types, elem.initExpr ? elem.initExpr.range : elem.type.range);
+            if (tn.skip(Token.As)) {
+                const castType = this.parseTypeExpr();
+                if (!castType) {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.Type_expected, tn.range());
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                elem.type = castType;
+                /// @ts-ignore Cannot assign to 'range' because it is a read-only property.ts(2540)
+                elem.range =
+                    SourceRange.join(elem.range, castType.range);
+            }
+            elems.push(elem);
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Comma))
+                continue;
+            if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBracket))
+                break;
+            else {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "]");
+                return undefined;
+            }
+        }
+        const [explicitType, initializer] = this._parseTypeAndInitializer();
+        let range = tn.range(startPos, tn.pos);
+        if (initializer)
+            range = SourceRange.join(range, initializer.range);
+        else if (explicitType)
+            range = SourceRange.join(range, explicitType.range);
+        return new ArrayLikeDeconstr(elems, rest, explicitType, initializer, flags, range);
+    }
+    parseIdentifier(startRange) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        startRange = startRange ?? tn.range();
+        if (tn.skipIdentifier()) {
+            return new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), SourceRange.join(startRange, tn.range()));
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    /**
+     * parses `(: AstTypeExpr)? (= PebbleExpr)?` for parameters and variable declarations
+     */
+    _parseTypeAndInitializer(startRange = this.tn.range(), isRest = false) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        let type = undefined;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Colon))
+            type = this.parseTypeExpr();
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.Equals))
+            return [type, undefined];
+        if (isRest) {
+            this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_rest_parameter_cannot_have_an_initializer, SourceRange.join(startRange, tn.range()));
+        }
+        const init = this.parseExpr(Precedence.Comma + 1);
+        return [type, init];
+    }
+    parseTypeExpr(suppressErrors = false) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        const canError = !suppressErrors;
+        const token = tn.next();
+        let startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        const currRange = tn.range(startPos, tn.pos);
+        switch (token) {
+            case Token.Void: return new AstVoidType(currRange);
+            // case Token.True:
+            // case Token.False: 
+            case Token.Boolean: return new AstBooleanType(currRange);
+            case Token.Int: return new AstIntType(currRange);
+            // case Token.Number: return new AstIntType( currRange )
+            case Token.Bytes: return new AstBytesType(currRange);
+            case Token.Optional: {
+                if (!tn.skip(Token.LessThan)) {
+                    canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, currRange, "Type argument for Optional");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                const tyArg = this.parseTypeExpr();
+                if (!tyArg)
+                    return undefined;
+                if (!tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan)) {
+                    canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(tn.pos), ">");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                return new AstNativeOptionalType(tyArg, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            case Token.List: {
+                if (!tn.skip(Token.LessThan)) {
+                    canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, currRange, "Type argument for Optional");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                const tyArg = this.parseTypeExpr();
+                if (!tyArg)
+                    return undefined;
+                if (!tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan)) {
+                    canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(tn.pos), ">");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                new AstListType(tyArg, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            case Token.LinearMap: {
+                if (!tn.skip(Token.LessThan)) {
+                    canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, currRange, "Type argument for Optional");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                const keyTy = this.parseTypeExpr();
+                if (!keyTy)
+                    return undefined;
+                if (!tn.skip(Token.Comma)) {
+                    canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, currRange, ",");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                const valTy = this.parseTypeExpr();
+                if (!valTy)
+                    return undefined;
+                if (!tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan)) {
+                    canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(tn.pos), ">");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+                new AstLinearMapType(keyTy, valTy, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            case Token.Identifier: {
+                const name = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+                const params = new Array();
+                if (tn.skip(Token.LessThan)) {
+                    do {
+                        const ty = this.parseTypeExpr();
+                        if (!ty)
+                            return undefined;
+                        params.push(ty);
+                    } while (tn.skip(Token.Comma));
+                    if (!tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan)) {
+                        canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ">");
+                        return undefined;
+                    }
+                }
+                return new AstNamedTypeExpr(name, params, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            default: {
+                canError && this.error(DiagnosticCode.Type_expected, tn.range());
+                return undefined;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    parseParenthesizedExpr(startPos) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        startPos = tn.range(startPos).start;
+        const inner = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!inner)
+            return undefined;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.CloseParen)) {
+            this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ")");
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return new ParentesizedExpr(inner, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseExpr(precedence = Precedence.Comma) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        let expr = this.parseExprStart();
+        if (!expr)
+            return undefined;
+        const startPos = expr.range.start;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.HexBytesLiteral)) {
+            const hexBytes = tn.readHexBytes();
+            if (!hexBytes)
+                return undefined;
+            return new LitHexBytesExpr(hexBytes, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        }
+        // precedence climbing
+        // see: http://www.engr.mun.ca/~theo/Misc/exp_parsing.htm#climbing
+        let nextPrecedence;
+        while ((nextPrecedence = determinePrecedence(tn.peek())) >= precedence) {
+            const token = tn.next();
+            switch (token) {
+                case Token.As: {
+                    if (tn.skip(Token.Const))
+                        return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Not_implemented_0, tn.range(), "as const");
+                    const toType = this.parseTypeExpr();
+                    if (!toType)
+                        return undefined;
+                    expr = new TypeConversionExpr(expr, toType, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.Exclamation: {
+                    expr = new NonNullExpr(expr, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                    expr = this.tryParseCallExprOrReturnSame(expr);
+                    break;
+                }
+                /*
+                case Token.Is: {
+                    // TODO:
+                    // should optionally check for destructuring
+                    if(!(tn.skipIdentifier()))
+                    {
+                        this.error(
+                            DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected,
+                            tn.range()
+                        );
+                        return undefined
+                    }
+                    const ofType = new Identifier( tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range() );
+                    tn.skip( Token.Semicolon); // if any
+                    expr = new IsExpr(
+                        expr,
+                        ofType,
+                        tn.range( startPos, tn.pos )
+                    );
+                    break;
+                }
+                //*/
+                case Token.OpenBracket: { // [ // accessing list element
+                    const idxExpr = this.parseExpr();
+                    if (!idxExpr)
+                        return undefined;
+                    if (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBracket))
+                        return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "]");
+                    expr = new ElemAccessExpr(expr, idxExpr, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.Plus_Plus:
+                case Token.Minus_Minus: {
+                    throw new Error("increments and decrements are assingment statements, not expressions");
+                    /*
+                    if(!( expr instanceof Identifier ))
+                    return this.error(
+                        DiagnosticCode.The_operand_of_an_increment_or_decrement_operator_must_be_a_variable,
+                        expr.range
+                    );
+
+                    expr = makeUnaryPostfixExpr(
+                        token,
+                        expr,
+                        tn.range( startPos, tn.pos )
+                    );
+                    */
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.Question: {
+                    const ifTrue = this.parseExpr();
+                    if (!ifTrue)
+                        return undefined;
+                    if (!tn.skip(Token.Colon))
+                        return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ":");
+                    const ifFalse = this.parseExpr(precedence > Precedence.Comma ? Precedence.Comma + 1 : Precedence.Comma);
+                    if (!ifFalse)
+                        return undefined;
+                    expr = new TernaryExpr(expr, ifTrue, ifFalse, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                    break;
+                }
+                // case Token.Comma: { // comma operator
+                //     const commaExprs = [ expr ];
+                //     do {
+                //         expr = this.parseExpr( Precedence.Comma + 1 )!;
+                //         if( !expr ) return undefined;
+                //         commaExprs.push( expr );
+                //     } while( tn.skip( Token.Comma ) );
+                //     expr = new CommaExpr(
+                //         commaExprs,
+                //         tn.range( startPos, tn.pos )
+                //     );
+                //     break;
+                // }
+                case Token.Question_Dot:
+                case Token.Exclamation_Dot:
+                case Token.Dot: { // accessing property
+                    let prop = undefined;
+                    if (tn.skipIdentifier(IdentifierHandling.Always)) {
+                        prop = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+                        expr = makePropAccessExpr(token, expr, prop, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                        expr = this.tryParseCallExprOrReturnSame(expr);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    const state = tn.mark();
+                    prop = this.parseExpr(Precedence.Comma + 1);
+                    if (prop instanceof CallExpr) {
+                        expr = this.joinPropertyCall(startPos, expr, prop);
+                        if (!expr)
+                            return undefined;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        let errRange;
+                        if (prop)
+                            errRange = prop.range;
+                        else {
+                            tn.reset(state);
+                            errRange = tn.range();
+                        }
+                        return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, errRange);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.Equals:
+                case Token.Plus_Equals:
+                case Token.Minus_Equals:
+                case Token.Asterisk_Asterisk_Equals:
+                case Token.Asterisk_Equals:
+                case Token.Slash_Equals:
+                case Token.Percent_Equals:
+                case Token.LessThan_LessThan_Equals:
+                case Token.GreaterThan_GreaterThan_Equals:
+                case Token.GreaterThan_GreaterThan_GreaterThan_Equals:
+                case Token.Ampersand_Equals:
+                case Token.Caret_Equals:
+                case Token.Ampersand_Ampersand_Equals:
+                case Token.Bar_Bar_Equals:
+                case Token.Question_Question_Equals:
+                case Token.Bar_Equals: {
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Assignments_are_statements_not_expressions, tn.range());
+                }
+                // BinaryExpression (right associative)
+                case Token.Asterisk_Asterisk: {
+                    const next = this.parseExpr(nextPrecedence);
+                    if (!next)
+                        return undefined;
+                    expr = makeBinaryExpr(token, expr, next, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                    break;
+                }
+                // BinaryExpression
+                case Token.LessThan:
+                case Token.GreaterThan:
+                case Token.LessThan_Equals:
+                case Token.GreaterThan_Equals:
+                case Token.Equals_Equals:
+                case Token.Equals_Equals_Equals:
+                case Token.Exclamation_Equals_Equals:
+                case Token.Exclamation_Equals:
+                case Token.Plus:
+                case Token.Minus:
+                case Token.Asterisk:
+                case Token.Slash:
+                case Token.Percent:
+                case Token.LessThan_LessThan:
+                case Token.GreaterThan_GreaterThan:
+                case Token.GreaterThan_GreaterThan_GreaterThan:
+                case Token.Ampersand:
+                case Token.Bar:
+                case Token.Caret:
+                case Token.Ampersand_Ampersand:
+                case Token.Question_Question:
+                case Token.Bar_Bar:
+                    // case Token.In:
+                    {
+                        const next = this.parseExpr(nextPrecedence + 1);
+                        if (!next)
+                            return undefined;
+                        expr = makeBinaryExpr(token, expr, next, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                        break;
+                    }
+                default: {
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Expression_expected, tn.range());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return expr;
+    }
+    parseExprStart() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        const token = tn.next(IdentifierHandling.Prefer);
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        switch (token) {
+            // TODO: SpreadPebbleExpr, YieldPebbleExpr
+            // case Token.Yield: 
+            case Token.Dot_Dot_Dot:
+                {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.Not_implemented_0, tn.range(), "SpreadPebbleExpr, YieldPebbleExpr");
+                    return undefined;
+                }
+            // UnaryPrefixPebbleExpr
+            case Token.Exclamation:
+            case Token.Tilde:
+            case Token.Plus:
+            case Token.Minus:
+                // case Token.TypeOf:
+                // case Token.Delete:
+                {
+                    let operand = this.parseExpr(Precedence.UnaryPrefix);
+                    if (!operand)
+                        return undefined;
+                    return makeUnaryPrefixExpr(token, operand, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                }
+            case Token.Plus_Plus:
+            case Token.Minus_Minus: {
+                let operand = this.parseExpr(Precedence.UnaryPrefix);
+                if (!operand)
+                    return undefined;
+                if (!(operand instanceof Identifier
+                // operand instanceof ElementAccessExpr ||
+                // operand instanceof PropertyAccessExpr
+                )) {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.The_operand_of_an_increment_or_decrement_operator_must_be_a_variable, operand.range);
+                }
+                return makeUnaryPrefixExpr(token, operand, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            // Special Identifier
+            case Token.Void: return new LitVoidExpr(tn.range());
+            case Token.Undefined: return new LitUndefExpr(tn.range());
+            case Token.True: return new LitTrueExpr(tn.range());
+            case Token.False: return new LitFalseExpr(tn.range());
+            case Token.This: return new LitThisExpr(tn.range());
+            // ParenthesizedPebbleExpr or FunctionPebbleExpr
+            case Token.OpenParen: {
+                // determine whether this is a function expression
+                // close paren immediately follows open (`()`)
+                // must be a function expression
+                // (fast route)
+                if (tn.skip(Token.CloseParen)) {
+                    return this.parseCommonFuncExpr(Identifier.anonymous(tn.range(startPos)), [], ArrowKind.Parenthesized);
+                }
+                const isFunc = this.isArrowFuncOrParenExprLookahead();
+                if (isFunc)
+                    return this.parseFunctionExpr();
+                else {
+                    const inner = this.parseParenthesizedExpr(startPos);
+                    if (!inner)
+                        return undefined;
+                    return this.tryParseCallExprOrReturnSame(inner);
+                }
+            }
+            // ArrayLiteralPebbleExpr
+            case Token.OpenBracket: {
+                const elementPebbleExprs = new Array();
+                while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBracket)) {
+                    let expr;
+                    if (tn.peek() === Token.Comma) {
+                        this.error(DiagnosticCode.Expression_expected, tn.range());
+                        return undefined;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        expr = this.parseExpr(Precedence.Comma + 1);
+                        if (!expr)
+                            return undefined;
+                    }
+                    elementPebbleExprs.push(expr);
+                    if (tn.skip(Token.Comma))
+                        continue;
+                    if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBracket)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "]");
+                        return undefined;
+                    }
+                }
+                return new LitArrExpr(elementPebbleExprs, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            // LitObjExpr
+            case Token.OpenBrace: {
+                let startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+                let names = new Array();
+                let values = new Array();
+                let name;
+                while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+                    if (!tn.skipIdentifier()) {
+                        this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+                        return undefined;
+                    }
+                    name = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+                    names.push(name);
+                    if (tn.skip(Token.Colon)) {
+                        let value = this.parseExpr(Precedence.Comma + 1);
+                        if (!value)
+                            return undefined;
+                        values.push(value);
+                    }
+                    else
+                        values.push(name);
+                    if (tn.skip(Token.Comma))
+                        continue;
+                    if (tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace))
+                        break;
+                    else {
+                        this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "}");
+                        return undefined;
+                    }
+                }
+                return new LitObjExpr(names, values, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            case Token.Identifier: {
+                const identifierText = tn.readIdentifier();
+                if (identifierText === "undefined")
+                    return new LitUndefExpr(tn.range()); // special
+                const identifier = new Identifier(identifierText, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                // LitNamedObjExpr
+                // eg: `Identifier{ a: 1, b: 2 }`
+                if (tn.peek() === Token.OpenBrace) {
+                    const endPos = tn.pos;
+                    const litObjExpr = this.parseExprStart();
+                    if (!(litObjExpr instanceof LitObjExpr)) {
+                        this.error(DiagnosticCode.Object_literal_expected, tn.range(identifier.range.end, endPos));
+                        return undefined;
+                    }
+                    return new LitNamedObjExpr(identifier, litObjExpr.fieldNames, litObjExpr.values, SourceRange.join(identifier.range, litObjExpr.range));
+                }
+                // param => ...
+                if (tn.peek() === Token.FatArrow
+                // && !tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine() // original impl had this, not sure why
+                ) {
+                    return this.parseCommonFuncExpr(Identifier.anonymous(tn.range(startPos)), [
+                        SimpleVarDecl.onlyIdentifier(identifier, CommonFlags.None)
+                    ], ArrowKind.Single, startPos);
+                }
+                return this.tryParseCallExprOrReturnSame(identifier, true);
+            }
+            case Token.StringLiteral: {
+                return new LitStrExpr(tn.readString(), tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            case Token.StringTemplateLiteralQuote: {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.Not_implemented_0, tn.range(), "string template literals");
+                return undefined;
+                // return this.parseTemplateLiteral();
+            }
+            case Token.IntegerLiteral: {
+                const value = tn.readInteger();
+                tn.checkForIdentifierStartAfterNumericLiteral();
+                return new LitIntExpr(value, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+            }
+            case Token.HexBytesLiteral:
+                {
+                    return new LitHexBytesExpr(tn.readHexBytes(), tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                }
+                ;
+            // RegexpLiteralPebbleExpr
+            // note that this also continues on invalid ones so the surrounding AST remains intact
+            case Token.Slash: {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.Not_implemented_0, tn.range(), "RegexpLiteralPebbleExpr");
+                return undefined;
+                // let regexpPattern = tn.readRegexpPattern(); // also reports
+                // if (!tn.skip( Token.Slash)) {
+                //     this.error(
+                //         DiagnosticCode._0_expected,
+                //         tn.range(), "/"
+                //     );
+                //     return undefined;
+                // }
+                // return new RegexpLiteralPebbleExpr(
+                //     regexpPattern,
+                //     tn.readRegexpFlags(), // also reports
+                //     tn.range(startPos, tn.pos)
+                // );
+            }
+            case Token.Function: {
+                const expr = this.parseFunctionExpr();
+                if (!expr)
+                    return undefined;
+                return this.tryParseCallExprOrReturnSame(expr);
+            }
+            case Token.Case: {
+                const expr = this.parseCaseExpr();
+                if (!expr)
+                    return undefined;
+            }
+            // case Token.Class: return this.parseClassPebbleExpr();
+            // case Token.Struct: return this.parseStructExpr();
+            default: {
+                if (token === Token.EndOfFile) {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.Unexpected_end_of_text, tn.range(startPos));
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.Expression_expected, tn.range());
+                }
+                return undefined;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    joinPropertyCall(startPos, expr, call) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        let callee = call.funcExpr;
+        switch (true) {
+            case callee instanceof Identifier: return call;
+            case callee instanceof CallExpr: {
+                const inner = this.joinPropertyCall(startPos, expr, callee);
+                if (!inner)
+                    return undefined;
+                call = new CallExpr(inner, call.genericTypeArgs, call.args, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                break;
+            }
+            default: {
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, call.range);
+            }
+        }
+        return call;
+    }
+    parseCaseExpr() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'case': Expression ('is' VarDecl '=>' Expression)+
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        const expr = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!expr)
+            return undefined;
+        let noPatternCaseSeen = false;
+        const cases = new Array();
+        while (tn.skip(Token.Is)) {
+            if (noPatternCaseSeen)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.This_case_will_never_be_evaluated_because_all_patterns_will_be_catched_before, tn.range());
+            const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+            const matcher = this._parseVarDecl(CommonFlags.Const);
+            if (!matcher)
+                return undefined;
+            if (matcher instanceof SimpleVarDecl)
+                noPatternCaseSeen = true;
+            if (matcher.initExpr || matcher.type)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Patterns_may_not_have_initializers_or_explicit_types, matcher.initExpr ? matcher.initExpr.range : matcher.type.range);
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.FatArrow))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "=>");
+            const body = this.parseExpr(Precedence.CaseExpr);
+            if (!body)
+                return undefined;
+            cases.push(new CaseExprMatcher(matcher, body, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos)));
+        }
+        const finalRange = tn.range(startPos, tn.pos);
+        if (cases.length < 1)
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_case_expression_must_have_at_least_one_clause, finalRange);
+        return new CaseExpr(expr, cases, undefined, // wildcard case
+        finalRange);
+    }
+    parseFunctionExpr() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        let name = undefined;
+        let arrowKind = ArrowKind.None;
+        // either at 'function':
+        //  Identifier?
+        //  '(' Parameters (':' Type)?
+        //  PebbleStmt
+        if (tn.token === Token.Function) {
+            if (tn.skipIdentifier()) {
+                name = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+            }
+            else { // empty name
+                name = Identifier.anonymous(tn.range(tn.pos));
+            }
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenParen)) {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(tn.pos), "(");
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            // or at '(' of arrow function:
+            //  Parameters (':' Type)?
+            //  PebbleStmt
+        }
+        else {
+            arrowKind = ArrowKind.Parenthesized;
+            if (tn.token !== Token.OpenParen) {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "(");
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            name = Identifier.anonymous(tn.range(tn.tokenPos));
+        }
+        // TODO: type parameters? doesn't seem worth it.
+        let signatureStart = tn.pos;
+        let parameters = this.parseParameters();
+        if (!parameters)
+            return undefined;
+        return this.parseCommonFuncExpr(name, parameters, arrowKind, startPos, signatureStart);
+    }
+    parseParameters() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at Token.OpenParen
+        // (Parameter (',' Parameter)*)?
+        // Token.CloseParen
+        // at '(': (Parameter (',' Parameter)*)? ')'
+        let parameters = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseParen)) {
+            let param = this.parseParameter(tn.skip(Token.Let) ? CommonFlags.Let : CommonFlags.Const);
+            if (!param)
+                return undefined;
+            parameters.push(param);
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.Comma)) {
+                // if not comma, then we expect no more params
+                if (tn.skip(Token.CloseParen))
+                    break;
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ")");
+                return undefined;
+            }
+        }
+        return parameters;
+    }
+    parseParameter(flags) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // before: Identifier '?'? (':' Type)? ('=' PebbleExpr)?
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Dot_Dot_Dot)) {
+            this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_parameter_property_cannot_be_declared_using_a_rest_parameter, tn.range());
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return this._parseVarDecl(flags);
+    }
+    /**
+     * usually called right after a function expression or access property (method) expression
+     *
+     * example: the function expression parsed the identifier of the function,
+     * and now we look for the "call" part of the expression
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * function foo() {}
+     *
+     * // `foo` is the function expression
+     * // `()` is the call part of the expression
+     * foo() // <- here
+     * ```
+     */
+    tryParseCallExprOrReturnSame(callerExpr, potentiallyGeneric = false) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        let typeArguments = undefined;
+        while (tn.skip(Token.OpenParen) ||
+            potentiallyGeneric &&
+                (typeArguments = this.tryParseTypeArgumentsBeforeArguments())) {
+            let args = this.parseArguments();
+            if (!args)
+                break;
+            callerExpr = new CallExpr(// is again callable
+            callerExpr, typeArguments, args, tn.range(callerExpr.range.start, tn.pos));
+            potentiallyGeneric = false;
+        }
+        return callerExpr;
+    }
+    tryParseTypeArgumentsBeforeArguments() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at '<': Type (',' Type)* '>' '('
+        const state = tn.mark();
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.LessThan))
+            return undefined;
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        let typeArguments = [];
+        do {
+            // closing '>'
+            if (tn.peek() === Token.GreaterThan)
+                break;
+            let type = this.parseTypeExpr(/*suppressError*/ true);
+            if (!type) {
+                tn.reset(state);
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            typeArguments.push(type);
+        } while (tn.skip(Token.Comma));
+        // closing '>'
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.GreaterThan)) {
+            tn.reset(state);
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        let end = tn.pos;
+        // next token must be '('
+        // because this method is called BEFORE parsing arguments
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenParen)) {
+            tn.reset(state);
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        if (typeArguments.length <= 0) {
+            this.error(DiagnosticCode.Type_argument_list_cannot_be_empty, tn.range(startPos, end));
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return typeArguments;
+    }
+    parseArguments() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at '(': (PebbleExpr (',' PebbleExpr)*)? ')'
+        let args = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseParen)) {
+            const expr = this.parseExpr(Precedence.Comma + 1);
+            if (!expr)
+                return undefined;
+            args.push(expr);
+            if (tn.skip(Token.Comma))
+                continue;
+            if (tn.skip(Token.CloseParen))
+                break;
+            this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ")");
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return args;
+    }
+    emitErrorIfInvalidAutoSemicolon() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // see: https://tc39.es/ecma262/#sec-automatic-semicolon-insertion
+        const nextToken = tn.peek();
+        if (nextToken === Token.EndOfFile ||
+            nextToken === Token.CloseBrace || // } => end of block
+            tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine())
+            return undefined; // all good
+        this.error(DiagnosticCode.Unexpected_token, tn.range(tn.nextTokenPos));
+    }
+    /* essentially parses function body */
+    parseCommonFuncExpr(name, parameters, arrowKind, startPos = -1, signatureStart = -1) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        if (startPos < 0)
+            startPos = name.range.start;
+        if (signatureStart < 0)
+            signatureStart = startPos;
+        let returnType = undefined;
+        // either `function ( ... )` or `( ... )`
+        // BUT NOT `param =>`
+        // AND there is a `:`
+        // we parse the return type
+        if (arrowKind !== ArrowKind.Single && tn.skip(Token.Colon)) {
+            returnType = this.parseTypeExpr();
+            if (!returnType)
+                return undefined;
+        }
+        // else the return type stays undefined (to infer)
+        else
+            returnType = undefined;
+        const expectArrow = arrowKind !== ArrowKind.None;
+        if (expectArrow && // if we expect an arrow
+            !tn.skip(Token.FatArrow) // but there is none; then error 
+        )
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(tn.pos), "=>");
+        let signature = new AstFuncType(parameters, returnType, tn.range(signatureStart, tn.pos));
+        let body = undefined;
+        if (expectArrow) {
+            // if `{` then block statement `() => {}`
+            // else lambda `() => expr`
+            body = tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace) ?
+                this.parseBlockStmt(false) :
+                this.parseExpr(Precedence.Comma + 1);
+        }
+        else {
+            // function name(...) expects necessarely a block statement as body
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace)) {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(tn.pos), "{");
+                return undefined;
+            }
+            body = this.parseBlockStmt(false);
+        }
+        if (!body)
+            return undefined;
+        return new FuncExpr(name, CommonFlags.None, [], signature, body, arrowKind, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseStatement({ topLevel, isExport } = {
+        topLevel: false,
+        isExport: false
+    }) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at previous token
+        const state = tn.mark();
+        const token = tn.next();
+        let statement = undefined;
+        switch (token) {
+            case Token.Break: {
+                statement = this.parseBreak();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Var:
+            case Token.Let:
+            case Token.Const: {
+                statement = this.parseVarStmt(token === Token.Const ? CommonFlags.Const : CommonFlags.Let, tn.tokenPos);
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Using: {
+                statement = this.parseUsingDecl();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Continue: {
+                statement = this.parseContinue();
+                break;
+            }
+            // case Token.Do: {
+            //     statement = this.parseDoStatement();
+            //     break;
+            // }
+            case Token.For: {
+                statement = this.parseForStatement();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.If: {
+                statement = this.parseIfStatement();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.OpenBrace: {
+                statement = this.parseBlockStmt(topLevel);
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Return: {
+                if (topLevel) {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_return_statement_can_only_be_used_within_a_function_body, tn.range()); // recoverable
+                }
+                statement = this.parseReturn();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Test: {
+                if (!topLevel)
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_test_can_only_be_specified_at_the_top_level_of_the_file_it_cannot_be_defined_in_functions_etc, tn.range());
+                statement = this.parseTestStatement();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.Semicolon: {
+                return new EmptyStmt(tn.range(tn.tokenPos));
+            }
+            // case Token.Switch: {
+            //     statement = this.parseSwitchStatement();
+            //     break;
+            // }
+            case Token.Match:
+                {
+                    statement = this.parseMatchStatement();
+                    break;
+                }
+                ;
+            // case Token.Throw: {
+            //     statement = this.parseThrowStatement();
+            //     break;
+            // }
+            case Token.Fail:
+                {
+                    statement = this.parseFailStatement();
+                    break;
+                }
+                ;
+            case Token.Assert:
+                {
+                    statement = this.parseAssertStatement();
+                    break;
+                }
+                ;
+            // case Token.Try: {
+            //     statement = this.parseTryStatement();
+            //     break;
+            // }
+            case Token.Void: {
+                this.error(DiagnosticCode.Not_implemented_0, tn.range(), "void statements");
+                // statement = this.parseVoidStatement();
+                break;
+            }
+            case Token.While: {
+                statement = this.parseWhileStatement();
+                break;
+            }
+            // case Token.Type: { // also identifier
+            //     if (tn.peek(IdentifierHandling.Prefer) === Token.Identifier) {
+            //         statement = this.parseTypeDeclaration(CommonFlags.None, tn.tokenPos);
+            //         break;
+            //     }
+            //     // fall-through
+            // }
+            case Token.Equals:
+            case Token.Plus_Equals:
+            case Token.Minus_Equals:
+            case Token.Asterisk_Asterisk_Equals:
+            case Token.Asterisk_Equals:
+            case Token.Slash_Equals:
+            case Token.Percent_Equals:
+            case Token.LessThan_LessThan_Equals:
+            case Token.GreaterThan_GreaterThan_Equals:
+            case Token.GreaterThan_GreaterThan_GreaterThan_Equals:
+            case Token.Ampersand_Equals:
+            case Token.Caret_Equals:
+            case Token.Ampersand_Ampersand_Equals:
+            case Token.Bar_Bar_Equals:
+            case Token.Question_Question_Equals:
+            case Token.Bar_Equals:
+                {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode.Not_implemented_0, tn.range(), "mutable variables assignmets");
+                    break;
+                }
+            case Token.Identifier: {
+                // const preIdState = tn.mark();
+                // tn.readIdentifier();
+                // const nextToken = tn.peek();
+                // tn.reset(preIdState);
+                // if( isAssignmentToken( nextToken ) )
+                // {
+                statement = this.parseAssignmentStatement();
+                break;
+                // }
+                // else fall through to default
+            }
+            default: {
+                // tn.reset(state);
+                // statement = this.parseExprStmt();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!statement) { // has been reported
+            tn.reset(state);
+            this.error(DiagnosticCode.Statement_expected, tn.range());
+            this.skipStatement();
+        }
+        else {
+            // tn.discard(state);
+        }
+        return statement;
+    }
+    /*
+    parseExprStmt(): ExprStmt | undefined
+    {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        const expr = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!expr) return undefined;
+        
+        return new ExprStmt(expr, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    //*/
+    parseAssignmentStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        if (!tn.skipIdentifier())
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Identifier_expected, tn.range());
+        const varIdentifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        const assignmentToken = tn.next();
+        switch (assignmentToken) {
+            case Token.Equals:
+            case Token.Plus_Equals:
+            case Token.Minus_Equals:
+            case Token.Asterisk_Asterisk_Equals:
+            case Token.Asterisk_Equals:
+            case Token.Slash_Equals:
+            case Token.Percent_Equals:
+            case Token.LessThan_LessThan_Equals:
+            case Token.GreaterThan_GreaterThan_Equals:
+            case Token.GreaterThan_GreaterThan_GreaterThan_Equals:
+            case Token.Ampersand_Equals:
+            case Token.Caret_Equals:
+            case Token.Bar_Equals:
+            case Token.Ampersand_Ampersand_Equals:
+            case Token.Bar_Bar_Equals:
+                // case Token.Question_Question_Equals:
+                {
+                    const expr = this.parseExpr();
+                    if (!expr)
+                        return undefined;
+                    return makeAssignmentStmt(varIdentifier, assignmentToken, expr, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+                }
+            case Token.Question_Question_Equals: {
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Not_implemented_0, tn.range(), "??=");
+            }
+            default: {
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "=");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    parseBlockStmt(topLevel = false) {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at '{': PebbleStmt* '}' ';'?
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        const statements = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            let state = tn.mark();
+            let statement = this.parseStatement({ topLevel, isExport: false });
+            if (!statement) {
+                if (tn.token === Token.EndOfFile)
+                    return undefined;
+                tn.reset(state);
+                this.skipStatement();
+            }
+            else {
+                statements.push(statement);
+            }
+        }
+        let ret = new BlockStmt(statements, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        if (topLevel)
+            tn.skip(Token.Semicolon);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    parseBreak() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'break': Identifier? ';'?
+        // let identifier: Identifier | undefined = undefined;
+        // if (tn.peek() === Token.Identifier && !tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine()) {
+        //     tn.next(IdentifierHandling.Prefer);
+        //     identifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        // }
+        const result = new BreakStmt(tn.range());
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return result;
+    }
+    parseContinue() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'continue': Identifier? ';'?
+        // let identifier: Identifier | undefined = undefined;
+        // if (tn.peek() === Token.Identifier && !tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine()) {
+        //     tn.next(IdentifierHandling.Prefer);
+        //     identifier = new Identifier(tn.readIdentifier(), tn.range());
+        // }
+        let ret = new ContinueStmt(tn.range());
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        return ret;
+    }
+    /*
+    parseDoStatement(): DoWhileStmt | undefined
+    {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'do': Statement 'while' '(' Expression ')' ';'?
+
+        let startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        let statement = this.parseStatement();
+        if (!statement) return undefined;
+
+        if( !tn.skip( Token.While ) )
+        {
+            this.error(
+                DiagnosticCode._0_expected,
+                tn.range(), "while"
+            );
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        if( !tn.skip( Token.OpenParen ) )
+        {
+            this.error(
+                DiagnosticCode._0_expected,
+                tn.range(), "("
+            );
+            return undefined;
+        }
+
+        let condition = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!condition) return undefined;
+
+        if( !tn.skip( Token.CloseParen ) )
+        {
+            this.error(
+                DiagnosticCode._0_expected,
+                tn.range(), ")"
+            );
+            return undefined;
+        }
+
+        const result = new DoWhileStmt(
+            statement,
+            condition,
+            tn.range(startPos, tn.pos)
+        );
+        tn.skip( Token.Semicolon);
+        return result;
+    }
+    */
+    parseForStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'for': '(' Statement? Expression? ';' Expression? ')' Statement
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenParen))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "(");
+        let init = undefined;
+        // this.parseVarStmt
+        const token = tn.peek();
+        switch (token) {
+            case Token.Let:
+            case Token.Var:
+            case Token.Const: {
+                tn.next();
+                init = this.parseVarStmt(token === Token.Const ? CommonFlags.Const : CommonFlags.Let, tn.tokenPos, { isFor: true });
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        // for...of
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Of)) {
+            if (!(init instanceof VarStmt))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(startPos), "Variable declaration");
+            const decls = init.declarations;
+            if (decls.length !== 1)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Only_a_single_variable_is_allowed_in_a_for_of_statement, tn.range());
+            const decl = decls[0];
+            if (decl.initExpr !== undefined ||
+                decl.type !== undefined) {
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.The_variable_declaration_of_a_for_of_statement_cannot_have_an_initializer, tn.range());
+            }
+            const iterable = this.parseExpr();
+            if (!iterable)
+                return undefined;
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.CloseParen))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ")");
+            const body = this.parseStatement();
+            if (!body)
+                return undefined;
+            return new ForOfStmt(init, iterable, body, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        }
+        // non for...of
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.Semicolon))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ";");
+        let condition = undefined;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.Semicolon)) {
+            condition = this.parseExpr();
+            if (!condition)
+                return undefined;
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.Semicolon))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ";");
+        }
+        let update = undefined;
+        const updates = [];
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.CloseParen)) {
+            do {
+                update = this.parseStatement();
+                if (!update)
+                    return undefined;
+                if (!(update instanceof IncrStmt
+                    || update instanceof DecrStmt
+                    || isAssignmentStmt(update)))
+                    return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Invalid_for_statement_update, update.range);
+                updates.push(update);
+            } while (tn.skip(Token.Comma)); // comma expression (allowed only in for update part)
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.CloseParen))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ")");
+        }
+        const body = this.parseStatement();
+        if (!body)
+            return undefined;
+        return new ForStmt(init, condition, updates, body, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseIfStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'if': '(' Expression ')' Statement ('else' Statement)?
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenParen))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "(");
+        let condition = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!condition)
+            return undefined;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.CloseParen))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ")");
+        let thenStatement = this.parseStatement();
+        if (!thenStatement)
+            return undefined;
+        let elseStatement = undefined;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Else)) {
+            elseStatement = this.parseStatement();
+            if (!elseStatement)
+                return undefined;
+        }
+        return new IfStmt(condition, thenStatement, elseStatement, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseReturn() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'return': Expression? ';'
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        let expr = undefined;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.Semicolon) &&
+            !tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine()) {
+            expr = this.parseExpr();
+            if (!expr)
+                return undefined;
+            tn.skip(Token.Semicolon); // if any
+        }
+        return new ReturnStmt(expr, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseTestStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'test': string? BlockStmt
+        const startPost = tn.pos;
+        let testName = undefined;
+        if (tn.skip(Token.StringLiteral)) {
+            const value = tn.readString();
+            testName = new LitStrExpr(value, tn.range(startPost, tn.pos));
+        }
+        let body = this.parseBlockStmt(true);
+        if (!body)
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Tests_must_be_specified_in_a_block_statement, tn.range());
+        return new TestStmt(testName, body, tn.range(startPost, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseMatchStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'match': Expression '{' MatchStmtCase* '}' ';'
+        const startPos = tn.pos;
+        const expr = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!expr)
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Expression_expected, tn.range(startPos - 5, startPos));
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenBrace))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "{");
+        let noPatternCaseSeen = false;
+        const cases = new Array();
+        while (!tn.skip(Token.CloseBrace)) {
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.When))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "when");
+            // const startPos = tn.pos;
+            const pattern = this._parseVarDecl(CommonFlags.Const);
+            if (!pattern)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Pattern_expected, tn.range());
+            if (noPatternCaseSeen)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode.This_case_will_never_be_evaluated_because_all_patterns_will_be_catched_before, pattern.range);
+            if (pattern instanceof SimpleVarDecl)
+                noPatternCaseSeen = true;
+            if (!tn.skip(Token.Colon))
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ":");
+            const statePreBody = tn.mark();
+            const body = this.parseStatement({ topLevel: false, isExport: false });
+            if (!body)
+                return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(statePreBody.tokenPos, statePreBody.pos), "{");
+            cases.push(new MatchStmtCase(pattern, body, tn.range()));
+        }
+        if (cases.length < 1)
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.A_match_statement_must_have_at_least_one_case, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+        return new MatchStmt(expr, cases, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    parseFailStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'fail': Expression? ';'
+        if (tn.skip(Token.Semicolon) ||
+            tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine())
+            return new FailStmt(undefined, tn.range());
+        const expr = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!expr)
+            return undefined;
+        return new FailStmt(expr, tn.range());
+    }
+    parseAssertStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        // at 'assert': Expression (else Expression)? ';'?
+        const condition = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!condition)
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Expression_expected, tn.range());
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.Else)) {
+            tn.skip(Token.Semicolon);
+            return new AssertStmt(condition, undefined, tn.range());
+        }
+        const message = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!message)
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Expression_expected, tn.range());
+        tn.skip(Token.Semicolon);
+        return new AssertStmt(condition, message, tn.range(startPos, startPos + 6));
+    }
+    parseWhileStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // at 'while': '(' Expression ')' Statement
+        const startPos = tn.tokenPos;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.OpenParen))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "(");
+        let condition = this.parseExpr();
+        if (!condition)
+            return undefined;
+        if (!tn.skip(Token.CloseParen))
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), ")");
+        let statement = this.parseStatement();
+        if (!statement)
+            return this.error(DiagnosticCode.Statement_expected, tn.range());
+        return new WhileStmt(condition, statement, tn.range(startPos, tn.pos));
+    }
+    /**
+     * looks ahead to see if the expression
+     * needs to be parsed as an arrow function or a parenthesized expression
+     *
+     * @returns {boolean}
+     * `true` if the expression is an arrow function,
+     * `false` if it is a parenthesized expression
+     */
+    isArrowFuncOrParenExprLookahead() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        // `()` makes no sense as parenthesized expression
+        // it must be `() =>` or `(): Type =>`
+        if (tn.skip(Token.CloseParen))
+            return true;
+        // get back to this token before return
+        const tnState = tn.mark();
+        // let again = true;
+        while ( /* again */true) {
+            switch (tn.next(IdentifierHandling.Prefer)) {
+                // function expression rest parameter
+                // ( ...rest ) => ...
+                case Token.Dot_Dot_Dot: {
+                    tn.reset(tnState);
+                    return true;
+                }
+                // can be both parenthesized expression or function parameter
+                // ( Identifier...
+                case Token.Identifier: {
+                    // discard identifier for now, we'll get back later
+                    tn.readIdentifier();
+                    switch (tn.next()) {
+                        // if we got here, check for arrow
+                        // ( Identifier ) ...
+                        case Token.CloseParen: {
+                            // `( Identifier ):Type =>` is function expression
+                            if (tn.skip(Token.Colon)) {
+                                let type = this.parseTypeExpr(true);
+                                // we got `( Identifier ):` but no type
+                                // so it must be a parenthesized expression
+                                // for example in a `match` statement
+                                if (type === undefined) {
+                                    tn.reset(tnState);
+                                    return false;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            // no arrow after `( Identifier )`
+                            // so it must be a parenthesized expression
+                            if (!tn.skip(Token.FatArrow)) {
+                                tn.reset(tnState);
+                                return false;
+                            }
+                            // else (we met `=>`)
+                            tn.reset(tnState);
+                            return true;
+                        }
+                        // function expression
+                        // type annotation
+                        // ( Identifier:Type ...
+                        case Token.Colon: {
+                            tn.reset(tnState);
+                            return true;
+                        }
+                        // optional parameter not supported in pebble
+                        // ( Identifier? ... )
+                        // likely optional prop access ( Identifier?.prop ... )
+                        case Token.Question: {
+                            tn.reset(tnState);
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                        case Token.Comma: {
+                            // not necessarlily a function expression
+                            // ( Identifier, ...
+                            // could be the `comma operator` (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Comma_operator)
+                            // for example in a for loop
+                            // for( ...; ...; (i++, j++) )
+                            break; // continue
+                        }
+                        // case Token.EQUALS:  // missing type annotation for simplicity
+                        case Token.Equals: {
+                            // not necessarlily a function expression
+                            // ( Identifier = ...
+                            // can still be part of a comma operator (see case Token.Comma)
+                            // eg: ( myVar = somehtingElse, doStuff( myVar ) )
+                            // parse (and discard) initialization expr
+                            // (both comma reassignment or function parameter default value)
+                            this.parseExpr(Precedence.Comma + 1);
+                            break; // continue
+                        }
+                        // parenthesized expression
+                        default: {
+                            tn.reset(tnState);
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                // parenthesized expression
+                default: {
+                    tn.reset(tnState);
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // parse parenthesized
+        tn.reset(tnState);
+        return false;
+    }
+    /** Skips over a statement on errors in an attempt to reduce unnecessary diagnostic noise. */
+    skipStatement() {
+        const tn = this.tn;
+        if (tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine())
+            tn.next(); // if reset() to the previous line
+        do {
+            let nextToken = tn.peek();
+            if (nextToken === Token.EndOfFile || // next step should handle this
+                nextToken === Token.Semicolon // end of the statement for sure
+            ) {
+                tn.next();
+                break;
+            }
+            if (tn.isNextTokenOnNewLine())
+                break; // end of the statement maybe
+            switch (tn.next()) {
+                case Token.Identifier: {
+                    tn.readIdentifier();
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.StringLiteral:
+                case Token.StringTemplateLiteralQuote: {
+                    tn.readString();
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.IntegerLiteral: {
+                    tn.readInteger();
+                    tn.checkForIdentifierStartAfterNumericLiteral();
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.HexBytesLiteral:
+                    {
+                        tn.readHexBytes();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    ;
+                // case Token.FloatLiteral: {
+                //     tn.readFloat();
+                //     tn.checkForIdentifierStartAfterNumericLiteral();
+                //     break;
+                // }
+                case Token.OpenBrace: {
+                    this.skipBlock(tn);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        } while (true);
+        tn.readingTemplateString = false;
+    }
+    /** Skips over a block on errors in an attempt to reduce unnecessary diagnostic noise. */
+    skipBlock(tn) {
+        // at '{': ... '}'
+        let depth = 1;
+        let again = true;
+        do {
+            switch (tn.next()) {
+                case Token.EndOfFile: {
+                    this.error(DiagnosticCode._0_expected, tn.range(), "}");
+                    again = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.OpenBrace: {
+                    ++depth;
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.CloseBrace: {
+                    --depth;
+                    if (!depth)
+                        again = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.Identifier: {
+                    tn.readIdentifier();
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.StringLiteral: {
+                    tn.readString();
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.StringTemplateLiteralQuote: {
+                    tn.readString();
+                    while (tn.readingTemplateString) {
+                        this.skipBlock(tn);
+                        tn.readString(96 /* CharCode.Backtick */);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.IntegerLiteral: {
+                    tn.readInteger();
+                    tn.checkForIdentifierStartAfterNumericLiteral();
+                    break;
+                }
+                case Token.HexBytesLiteral:
+                    {
+                        tn.readHexBytes();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    ;
+                // case Token.FloatLiteral: {
+                //     tn.readFloat();
+                //     tn.checkForIdentifierStartAfterNumericLiteral();
+                //     break;
+                // }
+            }
+        } while (again);
+    }
+}
+const defaultParseVarOpts = Object.freeze({
+    isFor: false,
+    isForOf: false,
+    isParam: false
+});