@happyvertical/smrt-core 0.51.39 → 0.53.0

package/AGENTS.md

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ and repository rules.
 | `src/object.ts`, `src/collection.ts`, `src/learning/memory.ts` | Context memory and semantic search | [agents/memory.md](agents/memory.md) |
 | `src/system/diagnostics.ts` | SELECT-only `_smrt_*` diagnostics reader behind smrt-dev-mcp runtime tools (#1824) | [agents/system-diagnostics.md](agents/system-diagnostics.md) |
 | `src/system/registry-snapshot.ts` | Sanitized plain-JSON projection of the booted `ObjectRegistry` for the smrt-dev-mcp runtime dev-plane (#1831); never constructors, validators, values, or absolute paths | [agents/registry-snapshot.md](agents/registry-snapshot.md) |
+| `src/registry/qualified-name-aliases.ts`, `src/migrations/qualified-name-aliases.ts` | Model moves: `previousQualifiedNames` aliases, deprecation, doctor counts, opt-in backfill (#3338) | [agents/model-moves.md](agents/model-moves.md) |
 | `src/run-once.ts` | Shared idempotency seam: insert-only claim + caller work in one transaction, replay on retry, typed in-flight/unknown-outcome answers (#3080) | [agents/run-once.md](agents/run-once.md) |
 
 ## Cross-module invariants
@@ -43,6 +44,14 @@ and repository rules.
   needs its index or an explicit reason none is needed.
 - Tenant scoping covers every read and every unique/conflict key. Explicit
   conflict columns are not rewritten; their author must include tenant scope.
+  A `tenantId` field makes rows tenant-OWNED without any tenancy declaration:
+  the default key leads with `tenant_id`. A new object's natural-key save reads
+  the row its upsert would hit and refuses a different owner
+  (`TENANT_ISOLATION_VIOLATION`) or adopts a same-owner row's id, so
+  `DO UPDATE` never rewrites a primary key or owner. Only an explicit natural
+  key adopts: a slug `getSlug()` derived from `name`/`title`/`label` moves to
+  a free `-2`, `-3`, … slug and INSERTs. See `agents/schema-paths.md`
+  ("Tenant OWNERSHIP").
 - Persisted saves use `id` and loaded `updated_at`; new saves use natural keys.
   Preserve revision compare-and-swap ordering through public `save()`,
   `claimRevision()`, and transaction APIs. Embedded saves, deletes, and complete

package/README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ pnpm add @happyvertical/smrt-core
 pnpm add -D @happyvertical/smrt-cli @happyvertical/smrt-vitest
 ```
 
-Requires Node.js 24.18.0 or newer. s-m-r-t projects use the Vite plugin to generate
+Requires Node.js 26.0.0 or newer. s-m-r-t projects use the Vite plugin to generate
 manifests and the CLI to apply schema migrations before runtime.
 
 ## Usage
@@ -111,7 +111,13 @@ const purchaseOrderId = await runOnce(
   too — a failed attempt never strands a claim, and a retry with the same key
   runs again.
 
-See [`agents/run-once.md`](agents/run-once.md) for the full contract.
+See [`agents/run-once.md`](agents/run-once.md) for the full contract. The
+browser half — minting and keeping the submission key per tab and form,
+refusing a concurrent submit, keeping typed values across a failed submit, and
+opt-in restore after a reload — is `createFormRetry()` in
+`@happyvertical/smrt-ui/form-retry`; the
+[form retry guide](../../docs/content/form-retry.md) shows both halves
+together.
 
 ### Bounded multi-collection reads
 

package/agents/model-moves.md

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# Moving a model between packages (#3338)
+
+A class's registry identity is its qualified name, `@package/name:ClassName`.
+Moving a class to another package (or renaming it) changes that name, and every
+reference that stored or declared the old one stops resolving silently:
+polymorphic `metaType` rows (including smrt-assets `AssetAssociation`),
+`ObjectRegistry.getClassByQualifiedName()`, `@crossPackageRef` and relationship
+targets, and playbook step `model:` names.
+
+## Declare the old name
+
+```ts
+@smrt({
+  tableName: 'service_time_entries', // keep the table: a move is not a rename
+  previousQualifiedNames: ['@happyvertical/smrt-projects:ServiceTimeEntry'],
+})
+export class ServiceTimeEntry extends SmrtObject {}
+```
+
+`previousQualifiedNames` (`registry/types.ts`) is a list of deprecated
+qualified names. Keep `tableName` explicit so the moved class keeps its table.
+
+## What the alias does
+
+- **Resolution.** `registry/qualified-name-aliases.ts` derives an alias index
+  from registered classes once per registry generation. `findClass()`,
+  `findClassStrict()`, `getClassByQualifiedName()`, `getClassInPackage()` and
+  `resolveType()` consult it after a direct miss, for qualified input only;
+  simple-name lookups are unchanged. `resolveType(old)` returns the current
+  name.
+- **Lazy path.** `tryLoadFromExternalPackage(old)` falls back to the alias
+  index the NEW owner's manifest carries: the scanner keeps
+  `decoratorConfig.previousQualifiedNames` verbatim, so the old identity
+  resolves even when the old package no longer lists the class or is not
+  installed. Loaded and discoverable manifests are all searched; two distinct
+  claimants of one old name throw `CONFIG_QUALIFIED_NAME_ALIAS_COLLISION`.
+  `ensureManifestLoaded(old)` reconciles under the current name.
+- **Covered call sites.** `SmrtPolymorphicAssociation.hydrate()`, relationship
+  targets (`relationship-graph.ts` resolves `@crossPackageRef('<old>')` to the
+  current name, so loads, inverses and delete planning key on it), delete
+  cascades (`cascade.ts` also removes association rows stored under an old
+  name), and playbook preflight (`resolveRegisteredObjectName`).
+- **Deprecation warning.** The first resolution of each old name per process
+  logs a warning naming the old name, the current name, and the resolution
+  site, and records a `QUALIFIED_NAME_ALIAS_DEPRECATED` registry diagnostic.
+  `ObjectRegistry.clear()` resets it.
+- **New writes store the current name.** `SmrtPolymorphicAssociation.save()`
+  rewrites an aliased `metaType`; a legacy row that is loaded and saved again
+  is upgraded. Readers that filter on stored names use
+  `ObjectRegistry.getEquivalentQualifiedNamesAsync(name)`, which returns the
+  current name followed by the aliases, as `AssetAssociationCollection`'s
+  `byLeft()`, `detach()` and `setLinks()` do.
+- **Writes and filters cover unregistered classes.** Both of those call sites
+  use the async helpers. When a qualified name misses, they lazily load the
+  class from its manifest before normalizing or filtering. The sync variants
+  only see registered classes, so a write or filter could otherwise miss a
+  class known only from its installed manifest. A genuinely unknown name is
+  stored or matched as given.
+- **Public helpers.** `ObjectRegistry.getQualifiedNameAliases()` returns the
+  alias-to-current map. `resolveQualifiedName(name)` and
+  `resolveQualifiedNameAsync(name)` return the current name.
+
+## An alias is never a second class
+
+Alias keys never enter the `classes` map. `getAllClasses()`, schema/DDL,
+MCP/CLI/REST generation, knowledge surfaces and every other iteration see one
+entry per class. Registration refuses ambiguity with
+`CONFIG_QUALIFIED_NAME_ALIAS_COLLISION` when an alias equals a live class's
+qualified name (in either registration order) or when two classes claim one old
+name. That includes any loaded manifest: registration refuses an alias that
+another installed package also declares, or that an installed manifest still
+defines as a class, for example a stale old package version. A re-exported
+constructor is not a definition. A lazy load of a
+manifest that declares aliases first loads every discoverable manifest. That
+inventory is cached per registry generation, so the check applies whether the
+class is requested by its current name or by an old one. It refuses `CONFIG_QUALIFIED_NAME_ALIAS_INVALID` when an entry is not
+a scoped `@scope/package:ClassName` with exactly one colon (unscoped names never resolve as qualified), repeats, or names the class itself. Manifest generation
+(`ManifestGenerator.assertQualifiedNameAliases`) fails closed on the same
+mistakes. The knowledge artifact lists the names as
+`objects[].previousQualifiedNames`, sorted and omitted when empty.
+
+## Stored references: doctor and backfill
+
+`migrations/qualified-name-aliases.ts`, exported from
+`@happyvertical/smrt-core/migrations`, covers two kinds of stored reference:
+`meta_type` on every registered polymorphic-association table, and `_meta_type`
+on the STI table of an aliased STI class.
+
+- `countLegacyQualifiedNameReferences(db, { tenantId? })` is read-only and
+  returns counts by table, column and old name. `smrt doctor --db` prints them
+  under "Deprecated Qualified Names" and warns while the count is non-zero.
+- `backfillLegacyQualifiedNames(db, { dryRun?, tenantId?, force? })`, run as
+  `smrt db:migrate-qualified-names`, is opt-in and never automatic. It rewrites
+  only exact old-name values, in one transaction where available, and never
+  touches ids or tenant columns. A `tenantId` run only touches that tenant's
+  rows in tenant-owned tables. It skips and reports any row whose rewrite would
+  duplicate a current-name row on the table's conflict columns. Once nothing in
+  scope remains, it records a `_smrt_backfills` marker named
+  `@happyvertical/smrt-core:qualified-name-aliases:v1:<digest>[:tenant:<id>]`.
+  The digest covers the alias set, so a later move runs again.
+
+Known gap: STI child-collection reads filter `_meta_type` by the current name
+only. Run the backfill before relying on subclass collections of a moved STI
+class.
+
+## Lifecycle
+
+1. Move the class, keep its table, and declare `previousQualifiedNames`. This
+   needs no data migration.
+2. Consumers upgrade. Old names keep resolving and warn once per process.
+3. Optionally run `smrt db:migrate-qualified-names` to clean up early.
+4. Remove the alias in a later **breaking** release, only once
+   `smrt doctor --db` reports zero stored references for every consumer and no
+   consumer source still declares the old name.

package/agents/object-runtime.md

@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ warmed, interleaved per-row timings without a flaky timing assertion.
 `src/plain-json.ts` helper and executes it in Chromium with `process` and
 `JSON.isRawJSON` unavailable. It is an opt-in local/browser release gate rather
 than part of the default core suite: it requires the repository's
-`playwright-core` dependency and an installed Chromium binary. The normal test
+`playwright-core` dependency and an installed Chromium binary. Set
+`PLAYWRIGHT_CHROMIUM_EXECUTABLE_PATH=/path/to/chromium` to use an installed
+executable; otherwise Playwright's managed Chromium is used. The normal test
 suite covers the same helper through `toPlainObject()` on Node.
 
 ## SmrtCollection Query

package/agents/run-once.md

@@ -58,13 +58,22 @@ beside the other write primitives (`object.ts`, `collection.ts`) because:
 - The claim table must exist for every `smrt-core` consumer, not only ones
   that also depend on `smrt-svelte`.
 
-No SvelteKit form-token helper shipped alongside it. The token contract
-(mint a random, unguessable value once per rendered form; carry it as a
-hidden field or equivalent; pass it straight through to `runOnce()`) is a few
-lines any consumer already owns as part of rendering its own form, and there
-was no existing svelte-facing package this fit into without adding one. If a
-second consumer needs the exact same minting/reading helper, add it to
-`smrt-svelte`'s forms module then — do not add a package for one caller.
+The browser half did not ship with it; it now lives in
+`@happyvertical/smrt-ui/form-retry` (`createFormRetry()`, #3291): a per-tab,
+per-form submission key in `sessionStorage` with an in-memory fallback,
+rotated only on a confirmed write that cleared the form, refused while a
+submit is in flight, kept with the typed values across a transport error, and
+optional restore-after-reload so the retry carries byte-identical content. It
+is in `smrt-ui` rather than `smrt-svelte` because smrt-ui is the dependency
+leaf that both `smrt-svelte` and plain SvelteKit apps can use, and its `Form`
+takes `enhance` and the retry attachment directly (smrt#3265: attach
+`fromAction(enhance, () => retry.enhance())` and `retry.attach`). It is typed
+structurally against SvelteKit's `SubmitFunction`, so smrt-ui takes no
+`@sveltejs/kit` dependency. Its `digestSubmissionContent()` is a Web Crypto port of
+`digestRunOnceContent()`; `src/__tests__/issue-3291-digest-vectors.test.ts`
+pins vectors shared with the port, so change both together (and remember a
+digest change re-keys every stored claim). Guide:
+[form retry](../../../docs/content/form-retry.md).
 
 ## Schema: a hand-DDL system table, not an `@smrt()` model
 

package/agents/schema-paths.md

@@ -402,6 +402,75 @@ schema does not index is a hard PostgreSQL error (42P10) on the first save,
 and a key the schema indexes without the tenant column is the silent
 cross-tenant overwrite this rule exists for.
 
+### Tenant OWNERSHIP, not tenant scope, leads the default key
+
+A class with a `tenantId` field is tenant-owned even when it declares no
+tenancy — consumers register such classes with the tenancy interceptor at
+runtime (Anytown's Ludis `League`/`Team`, smrt-users `Group`/`Role`/…), which
+core never reads. `resolveOwnershipTenantColumn()` (declared tenant column,
+else `tenant_id`) leads the default natural key on every producer:
+`ObjectRegistry.getOwnershipTenantColumn()` / `getConflictColumns()`,
+`normalizeConflictColumns()`, the generator's `resolveConflictTarget()` and the
+registry schema-builder. The tenancy read policy is still never inferred
+(`getTenantScopedConfig()` stays undefined). Explicit `conflictColumns` are
+never rewritten. Old code's `ON CONFLICT (slug, context)` and new code's
+`ON CONFLICT (tenant_id, slug, context)` each need their own unique index, so
+the inferred tenant-led key is named by the custom-key rule
+(`<table>_tenant_id_slug_idx`; only a DECLARED tenant column keeps
+`<table>_slug_context_idx`) and `smrt db:migrate` builds it BESIDE the legacy
+global unique (expand). The differ keeps the legacy index
+(`isLegacyNaturalKeyIndex()`, exempt from the #3126 superseded-index sweep and
+from `--drop-indexes`) until `--drop-legacy-natural-key` /
+`DiffOptions.dropLegacyNaturalKey` (contract). `db:status` exits 1 while the
+tenant-led unique is missing and warns while the legacy one survives
+(`cli/src/commands/tenant-natural-keys.ts`). Deploy order and locking:
+`docs/content/core.md` ("Upgrading an existing database"). The implicit
+`tenant_id` column never makes a foreign key identifying
+(`resolveForeignKeyDeleteAction({ columnName })`): a tenant FK stays
+`NO ACTION`, so deleting a tenant does not cascade through tenant-owned tables.
+
+The save path backs this up where the key still omits the owner (an explicit
+key, or a live table not yet migrated) — `SmrtObject.writeNaturalKeyRow()`. The
+row a NEW object's conflict target matches is read directly, bypassing read
+interceptors. A different owner on any ownership column
+(`ObjectRegistry.getOwnershipColumns()`: `tenant_id`, the declared tenant
+column, `@tenantId` fields and runtime registrations reported through
+`ObjectRegistry.registerOwnershipColumnSource()` — the tenancy package reports
+`registerTenantScopedClass(…, { field })` columns) raises
+`TenantIsolationError.naturalKeyOwnedElsewhere()` (`TENANT_ISOLATION_VIOLATION`,
+never retried, never naming the other owner), also under `withSystemContext()`;
+NULL — or an ownership column the save leaves unset — counts as an owner. A
+same-owner row is adopted by id (keeping its `created_at`, applied to the
+instance only after the write succeeds), so `DO UPDATE SET` never rewrites a
+primary key (no `ON UPDATE CASCADE` churn). Adoption needs an explicit natural
+key: when the match is only through a slug `getSlug()` derived from
+`name`/`title`/`label` (a human value, not an identity), the new object keeps
+its id, moves to the first free `<base>-2` … `<base>-9` (one `slug IN (…)`
+probe; then `<base>-<8 id chars>`) and INSERTs — whoever owns the taken row, so
+it is never refused. `getOrUpsert()`'s create path opts back into adoption
+(`_adoptNaturalKey`): a miss on a non-key field updates the row the derived
+slug names instead of adding `<slug>-2`. On PostgreSQL with no NULL conflict
+value the write is `INSERT … ON CONFLICT (…) DO NOTHING RETURNING id` first, so
+a new key costs one statement and no pre-read, and concurrent first creates
+never collapse: the loser re-reads and adopts (explicit key) or moves (derived
+slug, then straight to the id suffix), bounded retries. Embedded engines
+(serialized by the in-process write queue) and NULL-bearing keys read first.
+The junction batch path falls back to per-item saves when
+its conflict target omits an ownership column present in the row (`tenant_id`,
+the declared tenant column, or any `@tenantId`-marked field), and when any new
+item's natural key already names a row the batch is not removing; its
+`DO UPDATE SET` never lists `id`, `created_at` or an ownership column. Strict
+inserts (`_insertOnly`) check NULL-bearing keys the same way, because NULLs
+are distinct in the unique index on SQLite, DuckDB and PostgreSQL < 15.
+
+A save with no owner (`tenantId: null`, typically under `withSystemContext()`)
+is deliberately NOT refused when a tenant row shares its slug under the
+tenant-led key: it lands as a separate global row, the global-default /
+tenant-override shape #2360 keeps. Refusing it would need a cross-owner read on
+every global save and would break that pattern. A model that needs a slug
+unique across every owner declares explicit `conflictColumns` without the
+tenant column; then the guard refuses the colliding save instead.
+
 ### Every generated index name is length-guarded before it leaves a path (#2374)
 
 PostgreSQL truncates identifiers beyond 63 bytes; two generated names sharing
@@ -523,6 +592,16 @@ marker on `FieldMeta` (`smrt-core` reads it structurally so it never depends
 on `smrt-tenancy`). `@tenantId()` exposes no `onDelete` option today, so
 this cannot currently be overridden per field.
 
+On PostgreSQL `db:migrate` converges a live SMRT-owned constraint whose only
+drift is its action (#3023, `SchemaComparer.findReplaceableForeignKey()`):
+build-then-swap via `renderForeignKeyReplaceStatements()` — staged
+`<name>_smrt_new` added `NOT VALID` and validated before the old constraint is
+dropped and the staged one renamed; `--postgres-safe` runs the VALIDATE and the
+swap outside the batch transaction. A change toward `CASCADE` / `SET NULL` /
+`SET DEFAULT` still applies (the manifest declares it) but carries a
+`warning` advisory that `db:diff`, `db:status` and `db:migrate` print as
+DESTRUCTIVE.
+
 `@crossPackageRef()` remains runtime-only: it registers relationship loading
 and indexes but deliberately emits no physical constraint, avoiding circular
 package DDL. Tenant markers follow the same non-constraint rule because a

package/dist/cascade.d.ts.map

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package/dist/cascade.js

@@ -146,7 +146,8 @@ function buildCascadePlan(registry, className) {
 			const { action, declared } = resolveForeignKeyDeleteAction({
 				declared: relationship.options?.onDelete,
 				isConflictColumn: conflictColumns.has(column),
-				isTenantIdField: false
+				isTenantIdField: false,
+				columnName: column
 			});
 			if (action === "SET NULL" && fields.get(relationship.fieldName)?.required) throw ConfigurationError.invalidConfiguration(`${sourceClass}.${relationship.fieldName} onDelete: 'SET NULL'`, relationship.fieldName, "a nullable field (mark it `nullable: true`, or use 'CASCADE' / 'RESTRICT')");
 			references.push({
@@ -160,9 +161,11 @@ function buildCascadePlan(registry, className) {
 		}
 	}
 	const metaTypes = [];
-	const qualified = registry.getClass(className)?.qualifiedName;
+	const registered = registry.getClass(className);
+	const qualified = registered?.qualifiedName;
 	if (qualified) metaTypes.push(qualified);
-	const simple = registry.getClass(className)?.name ?? className;
+	for (const alias of registered?.config?.previousQualifiedNames ?? []) if (typeof alias === "string" && !metaTypes.includes(alias)) metaTypes.push(alias);
+	const simple = registered?.name ?? className;
 	if (!metaTypes.includes(simple)) metaTypes.push(simple);
 	return {
 		references,

package/dist/cascade.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"cascade.js","names":[],"sources":["../src/cascade.ts"],"sourcesContent":["/**\n * App-side referential integrity for `SmrtObject.delete()` (#2371).\n *\n * Same-package `@foreignKey` fields now emit database constraints where the\n * engine can enforce the declared policy. Cross-package references and older\n * schemas still rely on this application-side path. Before this module,\n * `delete()` removed the object's own row and nothing else: junction rows,\n * polymorphic association rows, `_smrt_embeddings` and `_smrt_contexts` entries\n * were all left pointing at an id that no longer resolved, and\n * `@foreignKey(..., { onDelete })` was metadata nobody read.\n *\n * This module implements those semantics in the application layer. It mirrors\n * what a DB-level constraint would do, deliberately including the parts that\n * make it *unlike* a model-layer delete:\n *\n * - Cascaded rows are removed with set-based statements. Their `beforeDelete` /\n *   `afterDelete` hooks and interceptors do **not** run, and no change-feed\n *   tombstone is written for them — exactly as `ON DELETE CASCADE` behaves.\n *   Only the object `delete()` was called on runs the full lifecycle.\n * - Every delete runs inside a single transaction when the adapter exposes\n *   one, including cleanup of framework-owned context and embedding rows, so\n *   a partial cascade cannot survive a failure. A `metaType` column can point\n *   at any class at runtime, so a polymorphic association class is always\n *   plausibly relevant.\n *\n * ## Which references are followed\n *\n * A reference is any `@foreignKey` / `@crossPackageRef` field on a registered\n * class whose target resolves to the deleted object's class (or one of its\n * registered STI ancestors), plus the polymorphic `(metaType, metaId)` pair on\n * {@link SmrtPolymorphicAssociation} subclasses.\n *\n * The action comes from the field's declared `onDelete`. When it is not\n * declared, the default is derived from the referencing class's natural key:\n *\n * | Reference | Default when `onDelete` is absent |\n * |---|---|\n * | Column is part of the referencing class's `conflictColumns`, and is not a `@tenantId()` field | `CASCADE` |\n * | Polymorphic `(metaType, metaId)` association row | `CASCADE` |\n * | Ordinary same-package reference | `NO ACTION` (deletion is refused while references remain) |\n * | Every `@tenantId()` field | Excluded: tenant scope is not an ownership edge |\n *\n * The natural-key rule is what makes junction rows work without any\n * per-package annotation: a junction declares\n * `@smrt({ conflictColumns: ['content_id', 'asset_id', 'relationship'] })`, so\n * `content_id` identifies the row and the row cannot outlive the content it\n * links. An ordinary child (`Order.customerId`) is keyed by `(slug, context)`,\n * so it defaults to immediate `NO ACTION` unless it opts in with\n * `@foreignKey(Customer, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })`.\n *\n * `@tenantId()` fields are excluded from the natural-key rule even though\n * `@happyvertical/smrt-tenancy` leads a tenant-scoped class's *default*\n * `conflictColumns` with the tenant column (#2360): the tenant column scopes\n * ownership, it does not identify the row the way a junction's foreign key\n * does, and it targets a class (`Tenant`) that is virtually always\n * referenced. Without this exclusion, deleting one `Tenant` row would\n * recursively CASCADE through every tenant-scoped table that has not\n * declared its own `conflictColumns` — the overwhelming majority. The field\n * is detected via the `__tenancy.isTenantIdField` marker `@tenantId()`\n * attaches to its own registration (`FieldMeta.__tenancy`, read structurally\n * so `smrt-core` never depends on `smrt-tenancy`). `@tenantId()` exposes no\n * `onDelete` option today, so this cannot currently be overridden per field.\n *\n * @see https://github.com/happyvertical/smrt/issues/2371\n * @module\n */\n\nimport { createLogger } from '@happyvertical/logger';\nimport type { DatabaseInterface } from '@happyvertical/sql';\nimport { classifyDatabaseError } from './db-errors.js';\nimport { ConfigurationError, DatabaseError } from './errors.js';\n// Type-only: erased at runtime, so it cannot re-enter the\n// `registry → object → cascade` import cycle.\nimport type { ObjectRegistry } from './registry.js';\nimport {\n  normalizeForeignKeyAction,\n  resolveForeignKeyDeleteAction,\n} from './schema/foreign-key-policy.js';\nimport type { ForeignKeyAction } from './schema/types.js';\nimport { chunkArray, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE } from './utils/chunk.js';\nimport { toSnakeCase } from './utils/naming.js';\n\nconst logger = createLogger({ level: 'info' });\n\n/**\n * Referential action applied to rows pointing at a deleted object.\n *\n * Same vocabulary as SQL's `ON DELETE`, enforced by the framework before the\n * engine. `NO ACTION` is preflighted like an immediate restrictive action so\n * application-side and database-side enforcement agree.\n */\nexport type OnDeleteAction = ForeignKeyAction;\n\n/** Table holding framework-managed per-object memory entries. */\nconst CONTEXTS_TABLE = '_smrt_contexts';\n\n/** Table holding framework-managed per-object embedding vectors. */\nconst EMBEDDINGS_TABLE = '_smrt_embeddings';\n\n/**\n * Reserved `_smrt_contexts.owner_id` used by `SmrtCollection.remember()` for\n * collection-scoped memory. A real object id is a UUID and can never equal it,\n * but the guard keeps a malformed id from wiping every sibling's defaults.\n */\nconst COLLECTION_OWNER_SENTINEL = '__collection__';\n\n/**\n * Maximum number of cascade levels followed from the object `delete()` was\n * called on. A cycle between two classes that both declare `onDelete: 'CASCADE'`\n * is broken by the visited set; this bound catches unbounded *chains*.\n */\nconst MAX_CASCADE_DEPTH = 10;\n\n/** One reference that must be resolved before the target row can be removed. */\nexport interface CascadeReference {\n  /** Registered name of the class holding the referencing column. */\n  className: string;\n  /** Table holding the referencing rows. */\n  tableName: string;\n  /** Field name (camelCase) on the referencing class. */\n  fieldName: string;\n  /** Column (snake_case) holding the reference. */\n  column: string;\n  /** Resolved action. `NO ACTION` is preflighted like an immediate RESTRICT. */\n  action: OnDeleteAction;\n  /** `true` when the action was declared rather than derived from the key. */\n  declared: boolean;\n}\n\n/** A polymorphic association table that can point at any class. */\nexport interface CascadePolymorphicReference {\n  /** Registered name of the association class. */\n  className: string;\n  /** Table holding the association rows. */\n  tableName: string;\n}\n\n/** Everything that must happen before rows of one class can be deleted. */\nexport interface CascadePlan {\n  /** Typed `@foreignKey` / `@crossPackageRef` references, action-resolved. */\n  references: CascadeReference[];\n  /** Polymorphic association tables that may point at this class. */\n  polymorphic: CascadePolymorphicReference[];\n  /** `meta_type` values that identify this class in an association row. */\n  metaTypes: string[];\n  /** `true` when nothing references this class and nothing has to be visited. */\n  isEmpty: boolean;\n}\n\n/**\n * Read-only slice of `ObjectRegistry` this module needs.\n *\n * Taking it as a parameter — rather than importing the registry as a value —\n * keeps `cascade.ts` out of the `registry → object → cascade` import cycle,\n * and lets tests drive the planner from a hand-built registry.\n */\nexport type CascadeRegistryView = Pick<\n  typeof ObjectRegistry,\n  | 'getRelationshipMap'\n  | 'getFields'\n  | 'getConflictColumns'\n  | 'getTableName'\n  | 'getSelfReferableNames'\n  | 'getClass'\n  | 'getSTIBase'\n  | 'getDescendants'\n>;\n\n/**\n * Normalize a declared `onDelete` value.\n *\n * Accepts any casing and both `SET NULL` and `SET_NULL`, matching what the\n * schema generator has always carried in the manifest. Returns `undefined` for\n * an unset or unrecognized value so the caller can fall back to the default.\n */\nexport function normalizeOnDelete(value: unknown): OnDeleteAction | undefined {\n  return normalizeForeignKeyAction(value);\n}\n\nfunction isPolymorphicAssociationClass(fields: Map<string, unknown>): boolean {\n  // The three columns `SmrtPolymorphicAssociation` contributes. Requiring all\n  // of them keeps an unrelated class that happens to carry a `metaType` from\n  // being treated as an association table.\n  return fields.has('metaType') && fields.has('metaId') && fields.has('role');\n}\n\n/**\n * Build the cascade plan for one class.\n *\n * The plan is derived entirely from registry metadata, so it is valid for any\n * database the class is used against. It is rebuilt per delete rather than\n * cached: registration is incremental (manifests load lazily, tests register\n * classes between cases) and a stale plan would silently skip a table.\n *\n * @param registry - Registry view (`ObjectRegistry` satisfies it)\n * @param className - Class whose incoming references should be resolved\n */\nexport function buildCascadePlan(\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  className: string,\n): CascadePlan {\n  // Keep canonical self/ancestor identities from the registry. Never resolve\n  // their display aliases again: a shared simple name can select another\n  // package. Legacy relationship views without canonical metadata still use\n  // the simple aliases already included by getSelfReferableNames().\n  const targetNames = new Set(registry.getSelfReferableNames(className));\n\n  const references: CascadeReference[] = [];\n  const polymorphic: CascadePolymorphicReference[] = [];\n  const visitedBuckets = new Set<unknown>();\n\n  const relationshipMap = registry.getRelationshipMap();\n  for (const [sourceClass, relationships] of relationshipMap) {\n    const simpleSource = relationships[0]?.sourceClass;\n    if (\n      simpleSource &&\n      sourceClass !== simpleSource &&\n      relationshipMap.get(simpleSource) === relationships\n    ) {\n      continue;\n    }\n    if (visitedBuckets.has(relationships)) continue;\n    visitedBuckets.add(relationships);\n    const fields = registry.getFields(sourceClass);\n\n    if (isPolymorphicAssociationClass(fields)) {\n      const tableName = registry.getTableName(sourceClass);\n      if (tableName) {\n        polymorphic.push({ className: sourceClass, tableName });\n      }\n    }\n\n    if (relationships.length === 0) continue;\n\n    let conflictColumns: Set<string> | undefined;\n\n    for (const relationship of relationships) {\n      if (\n        relationship.type !== 'foreignKey' &&\n        relationship.type !== 'crossPackageRef'\n      ) {\n        continue;\n      }\n      const target =\n        relationship.targetQualifiedClass === undefined\n          ? relationship.targetClass\n          : relationship.targetQualifiedClass;\n      if (target === null || !targetNames.has(target)) continue;\n\n      // An explicit app-side-only relationship is archival metadata, not a\n      // referential-integrity rule. Its identifier is deliberately allowed to\n      // outlive the parent, so delete planning must not block, null, or remove\n      // the retained row (#2413).\n      if (\n        relationship.type === 'foreignKey' &&\n        relationship.options?.constraint === false\n      ) {\n        continue;\n      }\n\n      const tableName = registry.getTableName(sourceClass);\n      if (!tableName) continue;\n\n      const column = toSnakeCase(relationship.fieldName);\n      if (!conflictColumns) {\n        conflictColumns = new Set(registry.getConflictColumns(sourceClass));\n      }\n\n      // A `@tenantId()` field is a structural scoping marker, not a\n      // junction/ownership key — it lands in `conflictColumns` only because\n      // #2360 leads every tenant-scoped class's *default* natural key with\n      // the tenant column, not because the referencing row is *identified*\n      // by its tenant the way a junction row is identified by its parent.\n      // Without this guard, deleting a `Tenant` would silently CASCADE\n      // through the tenant column of every tenant-scoped class in the\n      // schema that has not declared its own `conflictColumns` — the\n      // overwhelming majority. `@tenantId()` exposes no `onDelete` today, so\n      // an explicit declaration can never widen this back to CASCADE; that\n      // is deliberate until tenant-delete cascade is an explicit decision.\n      const isTenantIdField =\n        relationship.options?.__tenancy?.isTenantIdField === true;\n      if (isTenantIdField) continue;\n\n      const { action, declared } = resolveForeignKeyDeleteAction({\n        declared: relationship.options?.onDelete,\n        isConflictColumn: conflictColumns.has(column),\n        isTenantIdField: false,\n      });\n\n      if (\n        action === 'SET NULL' &&\n        fields.get(relationship.fieldName)?.required\n      ) {\n        // Fail on the declaration, not later on a NOT NULL violation from the\n        // engine — the message there names a column, not the decorator.\n        throw ConfigurationError.invalidConfiguration(\n          `${sourceClass}.${relationship.fieldName} onDelete: 'SET NULL'`,\n          relationship.fieldName,\n          \"a nullable field (mark it `nullable: true`, or use 'CASCADE' / 'RESTRICT')\",\n        );\n      }\n\n      references.push({\n        className: sourceClass,\n        tableName,\n        fieldName: relationship.fieldName,\n        column,\n        action,\n        declared,\n      });\n    }\n  }\n\n  // Both forms are matched deliberately: an association row written before a\n  // class was package-qualified still carries the simple `meta_type`. The\n  // qualified form alone is unambiguous; the simple-name fallback can still\n  // match a same-simple-name sibling class's row if it also shares a\n  // `meta_id` — a real, not just theoretical, risk for a class declaring\n  // `idType: 'text'` (non-UUID, not guaranteed globally unique), the same gap\n  // `deleteSystemRows()` closed for `_smrt_contexts` / `_smrt_embeddings`\n  // (review fix) by adding a class-name filter. Closing it here needs the\n  // same STI-and-legacy-name-aware filter this module already builds for\n  // `deleteSystemRows()` narrowed further to registry-unambiguous simple\n  // names; tracked under #2419 alongside the other same-simple-name\n  // collision gaps rather than reworked here.\n  const metaTypes: string[] = [];\n  const qualified = registry.getClass(className)?.qualifiedName;\n  if (qualified) metaTypes.push(qualified);\n  const simple = registry.getClass(className)?.name ?? className;\n  if (!metaTypes.includes(simple)) metaTypes.push(simple);\n\n  return {\n    references,\n    polymorphic,\n    metaTypes,\n    isEmpty: references.length === 0 && polymorphic.length === 0,\n  };\n}\n\n/** Per-delete state shared by every level of the cascade. */\ninterface CascadeContext {\n  db: DatabaseInterface;\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView;\n  /** `table:id` pairs already expanded, so a reference cycle terminates. */\n  visited: Set<string>;\n  /** Tables touched by the cascade, for read-cache invalidation. */\n  affectedTables: Set<string>;\n  /**\n   * Qualified name of the class that owns each affected table, so the\n   * caller can resolve *that* class's own `@smrt({ cache })` config —\n   * cross-process cache invalidation is a per-class opt-in, and a table\n   * cascaded into belongs to a different class than the one `delete()` was\n   * called on.\n   */\n  affectedTableClasses: Map<string, string>;\n}\n\n/** Resolve a registry-recorded class name to its qualified form, when known. */\nfunction toQualifiedClassName(\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  className: string,\n): string {\n  return registry.getClass(className)?.qualifiedName ?? className;\n}\n\n/**\n * Every value `_smrt_contexts.owner_class` / `_smrt_embeddings.object_class`\n * could plausibly hold for a row belonging to an id of `className` (review\n * fix): both name forms (qualified + simple — older rows predate package\n * qualification) of `className` itself, plus every other member of its STI\n * hierarchy sharing its table. A CASCADE-collected id can belong to any\n * concrete STI subclass of the declaring reference, which stamps its own\n * (more specific) runtime class name at write time, not the reference's.\n *\n * Narrowing by this set — instead of matching by id alone — closes a\n * cross-class collision: two unrelated classes using `idType: 'text'`\n * (non-UUID, not guaranteed globally unique) could otherwise share an id\n * value and have one's `remember()`/embeddings rows deleted by the other's\n * cascade.\n */\nfunction ownerClassCandidates(\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  className: string,\n): string[] {\n  const stiBase = registry.getSTIBase(className) ?? className;\n  const members = new Set<string>([\n    className,\n    stiBase,\n    ...registry.getDescendants(stiBase),\n  ]);\n\n  const names = new Set<string>();\n  for (const member of members) {\n    names.add(member);\n    const registered = registry.getClass(member);\n    if (registered?.qualifiedName) names.add(registered.qualifiedName);\n    if (registered?.name) names.add(registered.name);\n  }\n  return [...names];\n}\n\n/**\n * Build the `where` clause matching `column` against one or more ids.\n *\n * A single id uses equality so the planner can use a plain index; multiple ids\n * use the adapter's `in` operator.\n */\nfunction idPredicate(column: string, ids: string[]): Record<string, unknown> {\n  return ids.length === 1 ? { [column]: ids[0] } : { [`${column} in`]: ids };\n}\n\n/**\n * Run a cascade statement against a *referencing* table, tolerating the\n * table (or an expected column) not existing in this database.\n *\n * The cascade plan is built from the in-process registry, which can carry a\n * class from any imported package — including one whose table this specific\n * database was never migrated to include (a partially adopted feature, a\n * package pulled in for its types, or, in a test process, a fixture some\n * other test file registered). A missing referencing table trivially has no\n * rows to act on, so the correct behaviour is identical to the table\n * existing and being empty — this must never abort an otherwise valid\n * delete. Any other failure (a real constraint violation, a lock timeout, a\n * genuine SQL error unrelated to the table's existence) still propagates.\n */\nasync function tolerateMissingTable<T>(\n  operation: () => Promise<T>,\n  fallback: T,\n  context: { table: string; action: string },\n): Promise<T> {\n  try {\n    return await operation();\n  } catch (error) {\n    if (classifyDatabaseError(error).kind === 'undefined_object') {\n      logger.warn(\n        `Cascade delete skipped ${context.action} on '${context.table}': ` +\n          'table or column not found in this database.',\n        { error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error) },\n      );\n      return fallback;\n    }\n    throw error;\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * System-table cleanup may ignore an absent table for databases created before\n * that subsystem existed, but never a missing column in a table that does\n * exist. The shared `undefined_object` classification intentionally combines\n * both cases, so this security boundary must retain the narrower driver signal.\n */\nfunction normalizeMissingTableName(value: string): string {\n  const unquoted = value.replace(/[\"'`[\\]]/g, '');\n  return (unquoted.split('.').at(-1) ?? unquoted)\n    .replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9_$-]/g, '')\n    .toLowerCase();\n}\n\nfunction missingTableNames(messages: readonly string[]): string[] {\n  const names: string[] = [];\n  const patterns = [\n    /no such table:\\s*([^\\s,;]+)/giu,\n    /(?:relation|table)\\s+((?:\"[^\"]+\"(?:\\.\"[^\"]+\")*)|(?:[A-Za-z0-9_.$-]+))\\s+does not exist/giu,\n    /table with name\\s+((?:\"[^\"]+\")|(?:[A-Za-z0-9_.$-]+))\\s+does not exist/giu,\n  ];\n  for (const message of messages) {\n    for (const pattern of patterns) {\n      for (const match of message.matchAll(pattern)) {\n        if (match[1]) names.push(normalizeMissingTableName(match[1]));\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  return names;\n}\n\nfunction isMissingTableError(error: unknown, expectedTable: string): boolean {\n  const classification = classifyDatabaseError(error);\n  if (classification.kind !== 'undefined_object') return false;\n  if (\n    classification.sqlstate === '42703' ||\n    classification.driverCode === '42703' ||\n    classification.driverCodes.includes('42703')\n  ) {\n    return false;\n  }\n  const names = missingTableNames(classification.driverMessages);\n  const expected = normalizeMissingTableName(expectedTable);\n  return (\n    names.length > 0 &&\n    names.every((missingTableName) => missingTableName === expected)\n  );\n}\n\nasync function tolerateMissingSystemTable<T>(\n  operation: () => Promise<T>,\n  fallback: T,\n  context: { table: string; action: string },\n): Promise<T> {\n  try {\n    return await operation();\n  } catch (error) {\n    if (!isMissingTableError(error, context.table)) throw error;\n    logger.warn(\n      `Cascade delete skipped ${context.action} on '${context.table}': ` +\n        'table not found in this database.',\n      { error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error) },\n    );\n    return fallback;\n  }\n}\n\nasync function selectIds(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  tableName: string,\n  column: string,\n  ids: string[],\n): Promise<string[]> {\n  const found: string[] = [];\n  for (const batch of chunkArray(ids, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n    const rows = await tolerateMissingTable(\n      () => db.list(tableName, idPredicate(column, batch)),\n      [] as Record<string, unknown>[],\n      { table: tableName, action: 'CASCADE select' },\n    );\n    for (const row of rows) {\n      const id = row?.id;\n      if (typeof id === 'string' && id.length > 0) found.push(id);\n    }\n  }\n  return found;\n}\n\nasync function deleteByIds(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  tableName: string,\n  ids: string[],\n): Promise<void> {\n  for (const batch of chunkArray(ids, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n    await tolerateMissingTable(\n      () => db.delete(tableName, idPredicate('id', batch)),\n      undefined,\n      { table: tableName, action: 'CASCADE delete' },\n    );\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Remove the framework-managed side rows owned by the given object ids.\n *\n * `_smrt_contexts` and `_smrt_embeddings` are keyed by `(owner_class, owner_id)`\n * and `(object_class, object_id)` respectively. Matched by id *and* class\n * (review fix): id alone would let two unrelated classes using\n * `idType: 'text'` (non-UUID, not guaranteed globally unique) collide on a\n * shared id value and delete each other's memory/embeddings rows. `classNames`\n * is the STI-hierarchy-expanded candidate set from\n * {@link ownerClassCandidates} — the class column stores the *runtime*\n * constructor name, which for an STI hierarchy is a concrete subclass rather\n * than the class the cascade was planned from, so a single exact name is not\n * enough.\n *\n * A missing system table is not an error — an application database may predate\n * the table. Every other cleanup failure propagates so the surrounding delete\n * transaction rolls back rather than orphaning tenant-sensitive recall data.\n */\nasync function deleteSystemRows(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  ids: string[],\n  classNames: string[],\n): Promise<void> {\n  const ownerIds = ids.filter(\n    (id) =>\n      typeof id === 'string' &&\n      id.length > 0 &&\n      id !== COLLECTION_OWNER_SENTINEL,\n  );\n  if (ownerIds.length === 0 || classNames.length === 0) return;\n\n  for (const [table, idColumn, classColumn] of [\n    [CONTEXTS_TABLE, 'owner_id', 'owner_class'],\n    [EMBEDDINGS_TABLE, 'object_id', 'object_class'],\n  ] as const) {\n    for (const batch of chunkArray(ownerIds, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n      await tolerateMissingSystemTable(\n        () =>\n          db.delete(table, {\n            ...idPredicate(idColumn, batch),\n            ...idPredicate(classColumn, classNames),\n          }),\n        undefined,\n        { table, action: 'framework-owned row cleanup' },\n      );\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolve every reference pointing at `ids` of `className`, recursively.\n *\n * Does **not** delete the rows identified by `ids` — the caller owns that, so\n * `SmrtObject.delete()` keeps issuing its own final statement and its own\n * lifecycle hooks.\n */\nasync function resolveReferences(\n  ctx: CascadeContext,\n  className: string,\n  tableName: string,\n  ids: string[],\n  depth: number,\n): Promise<void> {\n  const pending = ids.filter((id) => {\n    const key = `${tableName}:${id}`;\n    if (ctx.visited.has(key)) return false;\n    ctx.visited.add(key);\n    return true;\n  });\n  if (pending.length === 0) return;\n\n  if (depth > MAX_CASCADE_DEPTH) {\n    throw DatabaseError.constraintViolation(\n      `cascade delete from ${className} exceeded the maximum depth of ` +\n        `${MAX_CASCADE_DEPTH}; check for a chain of onDelete: 'CASCADE' ` +\n        'references that never terminates',\n      className,\n    );\n  }\n\n  const plan = buildCascadePlan(ctx.registry, className);\n\n  // SQL NO ACTION is immediate on every supported SMRT migration path, so the\n  // app-side belt preflights it exactly like RESTRICT before any mutation.\n  for (const reference of plan.references) {\n    if (reference.action !== 'RESTRICT' && reference.action !== 'NO ACTION') {\n      continue;\n    }\n    let remaining = 0;\n    for (const batch of chunkArray(pending, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n      remaining += await tolerateMissingTable(\n        () =>\n          ctx.db.count(\n            reference.tableName,\n            idPredicate(reference.column, batch),\n          ),\n        0,\n        { table: reference.tableName, action: `${reference.action} check` },\n      );\n      if (remaining > 0) break;\n    }\n    if (remaining > 0) {\n      throw DatabaseError.constraintViolation(\n        `${reference.className}.${reference.fieldName} ` +\n          `${reference.declared ? 'declares' : 'resolves to'} onDelete: ` +\n          `'${reference.action}' and ${remaining} row(s) still reference this ` +\n          `${className}`,\n        reference.column,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  for (const reference of plan.references) {\n    if (reference.action === 'SET NULL') {\n      for (const batch of chunkArray(pending, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n        await tolerateMissingTable(\n          () =>\n            ctx.db.update(\n              reference.tableName,\n              idPredicate(reference.column, batch),\n              { [reference.column]: null },\n            ),\n          undefined,\n          { table: reference.tableName, action: 'SET NULL' },\n        );\n      }\n      ctx.affectedTables.add(reference.tableName);\n      ctx.affectedTableClasses.set(\n        reference.tableName,\n        toQualifiedClassName(ctx.registry, reference.className),\n      );\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    if (reference.action !== 'CASCADE') continue;\n\n    const childIds = await selectIds(\n      ctx.db,\n      reference.tableName,\n      reference.column,\n      pending,\n    );\n    if (childIds.length === 0) continue;\n\n    await resolveReferences(\n      ctx,\n      reference.className,\n      reference.tableName,\n      childIds,\n      depth + 1,\n    );\n    await deleteSystemRows(\n      ctx.db,\n      childIds,\n      ownerClassCandidates(ctx.registry, reference.className),\n    );\n    await deleteByIds(ctx.db, reference.tableName, childIds);\n    ctx.affectedTables.add(reference.tableName);\n    ctx.affectedTableClasses.set(\n      reference.tableName,\n      toQualifiedClassName(ctx.registry, reference.className),\n    );\n  }\n\n  for (const association of plan.polymorphic) {\n    // A caught missing-table DELETE still aborts PostgreSQL's transaction.\n    // Optional/abstract association tables must be checked before mutation.\n    if (!(await ctx.db.tableExists(association.tableName))) continue;\n    for (const batch of chunkArray(pending, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n      const where: Record<string, unknown> = {\n        ...idPredicate('meta_id', batch),\n      };\n      if (plan.metaTypes.length === 1) {\n        where.meta_type = plan.metaTypes[0];\n      } else {\n        where['meta_type in'] = plan.metaTypes;\n      }\n      const result = await tolerateMissingTable(\n        () => ctx.db.delete(association.tableName, where),\n        undefined,\n        {\n          table: association.tableName,\n          action: 'polymorphic association cleanup',\n        },\n      );\n      if ((result?.affected ?? 0) > 0) {\n        ctx.affectedTables.add(association.tableName);\n        ctx.affectedTableClasses.set(\n          association.tableName,\n          toQualifiedClassName(ctx.registry, association.className),\n        );\n      }\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n/** Outcome of a cascade run, returned so the caller can invalidate caches. */\nexport interface CascadeResult {\n  /** Tables whose rows were removed or nulled, excluding the target's own. */\n  affectedTables: Set<string>;\n  /**\n   * Qualified class name that owns each entry in {@link affectedTables},\n   * where resolvable — lets the caller check *that* class's own\n   * cross-process cache config rather than only its own.\n   */\n  affectedTableClasses: Map<string, string>;\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolve every reference to `ids` of `className` and clean their framework\n * side rows, then hand control back so the caller can delete the rows.\n *\n * Callers are expected to run this on a transaction-bound `db` — see\n * {@link runCascadeDelete}, which owns that decision.\n */\nexport async function cascadeReferencesTo(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  target: { className: string; tableName: string; ids: string[] },\n): Promise<CascadeResult> {\n  const ctx: CascadeContext = {\n    db,\n    registry,\n    visited: new Set(),\n    affectedTables: new Set(),\n    affectedTableClasses: new Map(),\n  };\n  await resolveReferences(\n    ctx,\n    target.className,\n    target.tableName,\n    target.ids,\n    0,\n  );\n  await deleteSystemRows(\n    db,\n    target.ids,\n    ownerClassCandidates(registry, target.className),\n  );\n  return {\n    affectedTables: ctx.affectedTables,\n    affectedTableClasses: ctx.affectedTableClasses,\n  };\n}\n\ntype TransactionCapable = DatabaseInterface & {\n  transaction?: <T>(\n    this: DatabaseInterface,\n    callback: (tx: DatabaseInterface) => Promise<T>,\n  ) => Promise<T>;\n};\n\n/**\n * Run the cascade and the target row's own deletion atomically.\n *\n * When the adapter exposes `transaction()`, the whole sequence runs inside one\n * — including framework-owned row cleanup and the caller's `deleteSelf`\n * statement, so a failure part-way through cannot leave either side orphaned.\n * Adapters without transaction support run the same statements sequentially;\n * this is the documented degradation, not a silent one.\n *\n * @param db - Database the object is bound to\n * @param registry - Registry view used to build cascade plans\n * @param target - Class, table and id of the object being deleted\n * @param deleteSelf - Issues the target row's own `DELETE`, on the tx-bound db\n * @returns Tables affected by the cascade, for read-cache invalidation\n */\nexport async function runCascadeDelete(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  target: {\n    className: string;\n    tableName: string;\n    /** An unsaved object has none; the cascade is then a no-op. */\n    id: string | null | undefined;\n  },\n  deleteSelf: (db: DatabaseInterface) => Promise<void>,\n): Promise<CascadeResult> {\n  const ids = target.id ? [target.id] : [];\n\n  // Nothing references this class AND no polymorphic association class is\n  // registered anywhere in the process. `plan.polymorphic` is unconditionally\n  // every registered `SmrtPolymorphicAssociation` subclass — a `metaType`\n  // column can point at any class at runtime, so there is no static metadata\n  // to scope it by, unlike a typed `@foreignKey`/`@crossPackageRef`. This\n  // branch is therefore common for a class with no incoming references in an\n  // app with no polymorphic associations at all, but rare — not \"the\n  // overwhelmingly common case\" — once even one polymorphic class exists\n  // anywhere in the process, since every delete's plan then carries it.\n  // Framework-owned context and embedding rows still need atomic cleanup even\n  // when the registry has no typed or polymorphic references for this class.\n  if (buildCascadePlan(registry, target.className).isEmpty) {\n    const runWithoutReferences = async (\n      bound: DatabaseInterface,\n    ): Promise<CascadeResult> => {\n      await deleteSystemRows(\n        bound,\n        ids,\n        ownerClassCandidates(registry, target.className),\n      );\n      await deleteSelf(bound);\n      return { affectedTables: new Set(), affectedTableClasses: new Map() };\n    };\n    const transaction = (db as TransactionCapable).transaction;\n    if (typeof transaction !== 'function') return runWithoutReferences(db);\n    return transaction.call<\n      DatabaseInterface,\n      [(tx: DatabaseInterface) => Promise<CascadeResult>],\n      Promise<CascadeResult>\n    >(db, runWithoutReferences);\n  }\n\n  const run = async (bound: DatabaseInterface): Promise<CascadeResult> => {\n    const result = await cascadeReferencesTo(bound, registry, {\n      className: target.className,\n      tableName: target.tableName,\n      ids,\n    });\n    await deleteSelf(bound);\n    return result;\n  };\n\n  const transaction = (db as TransactionCapable).transaction;\n  if (typeof transaction !== 'function') {\n    return run(db);\n  }\n\n  return transaction.call<\n    DatabaseInterface,\n    [(tx: DatabaseInterface) => Promise<CascadeResult>],\n    Promise<CascadeResult>\n  >(db, 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Their `beforeDelete` /\n *   `afterDelete` hooks and interceptors do **not** run, and no change-feed\n *   tombstone is written for them — exactly as `ON DELETE CASCADE` behaves.\n *   Only the object `delete()` was called on runs the full lifecycle.\n * - Every delete runs inside a single transaction when the adapter exposes\n *   one, including cleanup of framework-owned context and embedding rows, so\n *   a partial cascade cannot survive a failure. A `metaType` column can point\n *   at any class at runtime, so a polymorphic association class is always\n *   plausibly relevant.\n *\n * ## Which references are followed\n *\n * A reference is any `@foreignKey` / `@crossPackageRef` field on a registered\n * class whose target resolves to the deleted object's class (or one of its\n * registered STI ancestors), plus the polymorphic `(metaType, metaId)` pair on\n * {@link SmrtPolymorphicAssociation} subclasses.\n *\n * The action comes from the field's declared `onDelete`. When it is not\n * declared, the default is derived from the referencing class's natural key:\n *\n * | Reference | Default when `onDelete` is absent |\n * |---|---|\n * | Column is part of the referencing class's `conflictColumns`, and is not a `@tenantId()` field | `CASCADE` |\n * | Polymorphic `(metaType, metaId)` association row | `CASCADE` |\n * | Ordinary same-package reference | `NO ACTION` (deletion is refused while references remain) |\n * | Every `@tenantId()` field | Excluded: tenant scope is not an ownership edge |\n *\n * The natural-key rule is what makes junction rows work without any\n * per-package annotation: a junction declares\n * `@smrt({ conflictColumns: ['content_id', 'asset_id', 'relationship'] })`, so\n * `content_id` identifies the row and the row cannot outlive the content it\n * links. An ordinary child (`Order.customerId`) is keyed by `(slug, context)`,\n * so it defaults to immediate `NO ACTION` unless it opts in with\n * `@foreignKey(Customer, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })`.\n *\n * `@tenantId()` fields are excluded from the natural-key rule even though\n * `@happyvertical/smrt-tenancy` leads a tenant-scoped class's *default*\n * `conflictColumns` with the tenant column (#2360): the tenant column scopes\n * ownership, it does not identify the row the way a junction's foreign key\n * does, and it targets a class (`Tenant`) that is virtually always\n * referenced. Without this exclusion, deleting one `Tenant` row would\n * recursively CASCADE through every tenant-scoped table that has not\n * declared its own `conflictColumns` — the overwhelming majority. The field\n * is detected via the `__tenancy.isTenantIdField` marker `@tenantId()`\n * attaches to its own registration (`FieldMeta.__tenancy`, read structurally\n * so `smrt-core` never depends on `smrt-tenancy`). `@tenantId()` exposes no\n * `onDelete` option today, so this cannot currently be overridden per field.\n *\n * @see https://github.com/happyvertical/smrt/issues/2371\n * @module\n */\n\nimport { createLogger } from '@happyvertical/logger';\nimport type { DatabaseInterface } from '@happyvertical/sql';\nimport { classifyDatabaseError } from './db-errors.js';\nimport { ConfigurationError, DatabaseError } from './errors.js';\n// Type-only: erased at runtime, so it cannot re-enter the\n// `registry → object → cascade` import cycle.\nimport type { ObjectRegistry } from './registry.js';\nimport {\n  normalizeForeignKeyAction,\n  resolveForeignKeyDeleteAction,\n} from './schema/foreign-key-policy.js';\nimport type { ForeignKeyAction } from './schema/types.js';\nimport { chunkArray, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE } from './utils/chunk.js';\nimport { toSnakeCase } from './utils/naming.js';\n\nconst logger = createLogger({ level: 'info' });\n\n/**\n * Referential action applied to rows pointing at a deleted object.\n *\n * Same vocabulary as SQL's `ON DELETE`, enforced by the framework before the\n * engine. `NO ACTION` is preflighted like an immediate restrictive action so\n * application-side and database-side enforcement agree.\n */\nexport type OnDeleteAction = ForeignKeyAction;\n\n/** Table holding framework-managed per-object memory entries. */\nconst CONTEXTS_TABLE = '_smrt_contexts';\n\n/** Table holding framework-managed per-object embedding vectors. */\nconst EMBEDDINGS_TABLE = '_smrt_embeddings';\n\n/**\n * Reserved `_smrt_contexts.owner_id` used by `SmrtCollection.remember()` for\n * collection-scoped memory. A real object id is a UUID and can never equal it,\n * but the guard keeps a malformed id from wiping every sibling's defaults.\n */\nconst COLLECTION_OWNER_SENTINEL = '__collection__';\n\n/**\n * Maximum number of cascade levels followed from the object `delete()` was\n * called on. A cycle between two classes that both declare `onDelete: 'CASCADE'`\n * is broken by the visited set; this bound catches unbounded *chains*.\n */\nconst MAX_CASCADE_DEPTH = 10;\n\n/** One reference that must be resolved before the target row can be removed. */\nexport interface CascadeReference {\n  /** Registered name of the class holding the referencing column. */\n  className: string;\n  /** Table holding the referencing rows. */\n  tableName: string;\n  /** Field name (camelCase) on the referencing class. */\n  fieldName: string;\n  /** Column (snake_case) holding the reference. */\n  column: string;\n  /** Resolved action. `NO ACTION` is preflighted like an immediate RESTRICT. */\n  action: OnDeleteAction;\n  /** `true` when the action was declared rather than derived from the key. */\n  declared: boolean;\n}\n\n/** A polymorphic association table that can point at any class. */\nexport interface CascadePolymorphicReference {\n  /** Registered name of the association class. */\n  className: string;\n  /** Table holding the association rows. */\n  tableName: string;\n}\n\n/** Everything that must happen before rows of one class can be deleted. */\nexport interface CascadePlan {\n  /** Typed `@foreignKey` / `@crossPackageRef` references, action-resolved. */\n  references: CascadeReference[];\n  /** Polymorphic association tables that may point at this class. */\n  polymorphic: CascadePolymorphicReference[];\n  /** `meta_type` values that identify this class in an association row. */\n  metaTypes: string[];\n  /** `true` when nothing references this class and nothing has to be visited. */\n  isEmpty: boolean;\n}\n\n/**\n * Read-only slice of `ObjectRegistry` this module needs.\n *\n * Taking it as a parameter — rather than importing the registry as a value —\n * keeps `cascade.ts` out of the `registry → object → cascade` import cycle,\n * and lets tests drive the planner from a hand-built registry.\n */\nexport type CascadeRegistryView = Pick<\n  typeof ObjectRegistry,\n  | 'getRelationshipMap'\n  | 'getFields'\n  | 'getConflictColumns'\n  | 'getTableName'\n  | 'getSelfReferableNames'\n  | 'getClass'\n  | 'getSTIBase'\n  | 'getDescendants'\n>;\n\n/**\n * Normalize a declared `onDelete` value.\n *\n * Accepts any casing and both `SET NULL` and `SET_NULL`, matching what the\n * schema generator has always carried in the manifest. Returns `undefined` for\n * an unset or unrecognized value so the caller can fall back to the default.\n */\nexport function normalizeOnDelete(value: unknown): OnDeleteAction | undefined {\n  return normalizeForeignKeyAction(value);\n}\n\nfunction isPolymorphicAssociationClass(fields: Map<string, unknown>): boolean {\n  // The three columns `SmrtPolymorphicAssociation` contributes. Requiring all\n  // of them keeps an unrelated class that happens to carry a `metaType` from\n  // being treated as an association table.\n  return fields.has('metaType') && fields.has('metaId') && fields.has('role');\n}\n\n/**\n * Build the cascade plan for one class.\n *\n * The plan is derived entirely from registry metadata, so it is valid for any\n * database the class is used against. It is rebuilt per delete rather than\n * cached: registration is incremental (manifests load lazily, tests register\n * classes between cases) and a stale plan would silently skip a table.\n *\n * @param registry - Registry view (`ObjectRegistry` satisfies it)\n * @param className - Class whose incoming references should be resolved\n */\nexport function buildCascadePlan(\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  className: string,\n): CascadePlan {\n  // Keep canonical self/ancestor identities from the registry. Never resolve\n  // their display aliases again: a shared simple name can select another\n  // package. Legacy relationship views without canonical metadata still use\n  // the simple aliases already included by getSelfReferableNames().\n  const targetNames = new Set(registry.getSelfReferableNames(className));\n\n  const references: CascadeReference[] = [];\n  const polymorphic: CascadePolymorphicReference[] = [];\n  const visitedBuckets = new Set<unknown>();\n\n  const relationshipMap = registry.getRelationshipMap();\n  for (const [sourceClass, relationships] of relationshipMap) {\n    const simpleSource = relationships[0]?.sourceClass;\n    if (\n      simpleSource &&\n      sourceClass !== simpleSource &&\n      relationshipMap.get(simpleSource) === relationships\n    ) {\n      continue;\n    }\n    if (visitedBuckets.has(relationships)) continue;\n    visitedBuckets.add(relationships);\n    const fields = registry.getFields(sourceClass);\n\n    if (isPolymorphicAssociationClass(fields)) {\n      const tableName = registry.getTableName(sourceClass);\n      if (tableName) {\n        polymorphic.push({ className: sourceClass, tableName });\n      }\n    }\n\n    if (relationships.length === 0) continue;\n\n    let conflictColumns: Set<string> | undefined;\n\n    for (const relationship of relationships) {\n      if (\n        relationship.type !== 'foreignKey' &&\n        relationship.type !== 'crossPackageRef'\n      ) {\n        continue;\n      }\n      const target =\n        relationship.targetQualifiedClass === undefined\n          ? relationship.targetClass\n          : relationship.targetQualifiedClass;\n      if (target === null || !targetNames.has(target)) continue;\n\n      // An explicit app-side-only relationship is archival metadata, not a\n      // referential-integrity rule. Its identifier is deliberately allowed to\n      // outlive the parent, so delete planning must not block, null, or remove\n      // the retained row (#2413).\n      if (\n        relationship.type === 'foreignKey' &&\n        relationship.options?.constraint === false\n      ) {\n        continue;\n      }\n\n      const tableName = registry.getTableName(sourceClass);\n      if (!tableName) continue;\n\n      const column = toSnakeCase(relationship.fieldName);\n      if (!conflictColumns) {\n        conflictColumns = new Set(registry.getConflictColumns(sourceClass));\n      }\n\n      // A `@tenantId()` field is a structural scoping marker, not a\n      // junction/ownership key — it lands in `conflictColumns` only because\n      // #2360 leads every tenant-scoped class's *default* natural key with\n      // the tenant column, not because the referencing row is *identified*\n      // by its tenant the way a junction row is identified by its parent.\n      // Without this guard, deleting a `Tenant` would silently CASCADE\n      // through the tenant column of every tenant-scoped class in the\n      // schema that has not declared its own `conflictColumns` — the\n      // overwhelming majority. `@tenantId()` exposes no `onDelete` today, so\n      // an explicit declaration can never widen this back to CASCADE; that\n      // is deliberate until tenant-delete cascade is an explicit decision.\n      const isTenantIdField =\n        relationship.options?.__tenancy?.isTenantIdField === true;\n      if (isTenantIdField) continue;\n\n      const { action, declared } = resolveForeignKeyDeleteAction({\n        declared: relationship.options?.onDelete,\n        isConflictColumn: conflictColumns.has(column),\n        isTenantIdField: false,\n        columnName: column,\n      });\n\n      if (\n        action === 'SET NULL' &&\n        fields.get(relationship.fieldName)?.required\n      ) {\n        // Fail on the declaration, not later on a NOT NULL violation from the\n        // engine — the message there names a column, not the decorator.\n        throw ConfigurationError.invalidConfiguration(\n          `${sourceClass}.${relationship.fieldName} onDelete: 'SET NULL'`,\n          relationship.fieldName,\n          \"a nullable field (mark it `nullable: true`, or use 'CASCADE' / 'RESTRICT')\",\n        );\n      }\n\n      references.push({\n        className: sourceClass,\n        tableName,\n        fieldName: relationship.fieldName,\n        column,\n        action,\n        declared,\n      });\n    }\n  }\n\n  // Both forms are matched deliberately: an association row written before a\n  // class was package-qualified still carries the simple `meta_type`. The\n  // qualified form alone is unambiguous; the simple-name fallback can still\n  // match a same-simple-name sibling class's row if it also shares a\n  // `meta_id` — a real, not just theoretical, risk for a class declaring\n  // `idType: 'text'` (non-UUID, not guaranteed globally unique), the same gap\n  // `deleteSystemRows()` closed for `_smrt_contexts` / `_smrt_embeddings`\n  // (review fix) by adding a class-name filter. Closing it here needs the\n  // same STI-and-legacy-name-aware filter this module already builds for\n  // `deleteSystemRows()` narrowed further to registry-unambiguous simple\n  // names; tracked under #2419 alongside the other same-simple-name\n  // collision gaps rather than reworked here.\n  // A class's deprecated qualified names (#3338) still identify it in rows\n  // written before it moved package, so deleting it removes those too.\n  const metaTypes: string[] = [];\n  const registered = registry.getClass(className);\n  const qualified = registered?.qualifiedName;\n  if (qualified) metaTypes.push(qualified);\n  for (const alias of registered?.config?.previousQualifiedNames ?? []) {\n    if (typeof alias === 'string' && !metaTypes.includes(alias)) {\n      metaTypes.push(alias);\n    }\n  }\n  const simple = registered?.name ?? className;\n  if (!metaTypes.includes(simple)) metaTypes.push(simple);\n\n  return {\n    references,\n    polymorphic,\n    metaTypes,\n    isEmpty: references.length === 0 && polymorphic.length === 0,\n  };\n}\n\n/** Per-delete state shared by every level of the cascade. */\ninterface CascadeContext {\n  db: DatabaseInterface;\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView;\n  /** `table:id` pairs already expanded, so a reference cycle terminates. */\n  visited: Set<string>;\n  /** Tables touched by the cascade, for read-cache invalidation. */\n  affectedTables: Set<string>;\n  /**\n   * Qualified name of the class that owns each affected table, so the\n   * caller can resolve *that* class's own `@smrt({ cache })` config —\n   * cross-process cache invalidation is a per-class opt-in, and a table\n   * cascaded into belongs to a different class than the one `delete()` was\n   * called on.\n   */\n  affectedTableClasses: Map<string, string>;\n}\n\n/** Resolve a registry-recorded class name to its qualified form, when known. */\nfunction toQualifiedClassName(\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  className: string,\n): string {\n  return registry.getClass(className)?.qualifiedName ?? className;\n}\n\n/**\n * Every value `_smrt_contexts.owner_class` / `_smrt_embeddings.object_class`\n * could plausibly hold for a row belonging to an id of `className` (review\n * fix): both name forms (qualified + simple — older rows predate package\n * qualification) of `className` itself, plus every other member of its STI\n * hierarchy sharing its table. A CASCADE-collected id can belong to any\n * concrete STI subclass of the declaring reference, which stamps its own\n * (more specific) runtime class name at write time, not the reference's.\n *\n * Narrowing by this set — instead of matching by id alone — closes a\n * cross-class collision: two unrelated classes using `idType: 'text'`\n * (non-UUID, not guaranteed globally unique) could otherwise share an id\n * value and have one's `remember()`/embeddings rows deleted by the other's\n * cascade.\n */\nfunction ownerClassCandidates(\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  className: string,\n): string[] {\n  const stiBase = registry.getSTIBase(className) ?? className;\n  const members = new Set<string>([\n    className,\n    stiBase,\n    ...registry.getDescendants(stiBase),\n  ]);\n\n  const names = new Set<string>();\n  for (const member of members) {\n    names.add(member);\n    const registered = registry.getClass(member);\n    if (registered?.qualifiedName) names.add(registered.qualifiedName);\n    if (registered?.name) names.add(registered.name);\n  }\n  return [...names];\n}\n\n/**\n * Build the `where` clause matching `column` against one or more ids.\n *\n * A single id uses equality so the planner can use a plain index; multiple ids\n * use the adapter's `in` operator.\n */\nfunction idPredicate(column: string, ids: string[]): Record<string, unknown> {\n  return ids.length === 1 ? { [column]: ids[0] } : { [`${column} in`]: ids };\n}\n\n/**\n * Run a cascade statement against a *referencing* table, tolerating the\n * table (or an expected column) not existing in this database.\n *\n * The cascade plan is built from the in-process registry, which can carry a\n * class from any imported package — including one whose table this specific\n * database was never migrated to include (a partially adopted feature, a\n * package pulled in for its types, or, in a test process, a fixture some\n * other test file registered). A missing referencing table trivially has no\n * rows to act on, so the correct behaviour is identical to the table\n * existing and being empty — this must never abort an otherwise valid\n * delete. Any other failure (a real constraint violation, a lock timeout, a\n * genuine SQL error unrelated to the table's existence) still propagates.\n */\nasync function tolerateMissingTable<T>(\n  operation: () => Promise<T>,\n  fallback: T,\n  context: { table: string; action: string },\n): Promise<T> {\n  try {\n    return await operation();\n  } catch (error) {\n    if (classifyDatabaseError(error).kind === 'undefined_object') {\n      logger.warn(\n        `Cascade delete skipped ${context.action} on '${context.table}': ` +\n          'table or column not found in this database.',\n        { error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error) },\n      );\n      return fallback;\n    }\n    throw error;\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * System-table cleanup may ignore an absent table for databases created before\n * that subsystem existed, but never a missing column in a table that does\n * exist. The shared `undefined_object` classification intentionally combines\n * both cases, so this security boundary must retain the narrower driver signal.\n */\nfunction normalizeMissingTableName(value: string): string {\n  const unquoted = value.replace(/[\"'`[\\]]/g, '');\n  return (unquoted.split('.').at(-1) ?? unquoted)\n    .replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9_$-]/g, '')\n    .toLowerCase();\n}\n\nfunction missingTableNames(messages: readonly string[]): string[] {\n  const names: string[] = [];\n  const patterns = [\n    /no such table:\\s*([^\\s,;]+)/giu,\n    /(?:relation|table)\\s+((?:\"[^\"]+\"(?:\\.\"[^\"]+\")*)|(?:[A-Za-z0-9_.$-]+))\\s+does not exist/giu,\n    /table with name\\s+((?:\"[^\"]+\")|(?:[A-Za-z0-9_.$-]+))\\s+does not exist/giu,\n  ];\n  for (const message of messages) {\n    for (const pattern of patterns) {\n      for (const match of message.matchAll(pattern)) {\n        if (match[1]) names.push(normalizeMissingTableName(match[1]));\n      }\n    }\n  }\n  return names;\n}\n\nfunction isMissingTableError(error: unknown, expectedTable: string): boolean {\n  const classification = classifyDatabaseError(error);\n  if (classification.kind !== 'undefined_object') return false;\n  if (\n    classification.sqlstate === '42703' ||\n    classification.driverCode === '42703' ||\n    classification.driverCodes.includes('42703')\n  ) {\n    return false;\n  }\n  const names = missingTableNames(classification.driverMessages);\n  const expected = normalizeMissingTableName(expectedTable);\n  return (\n    names.length > 0 &&\n    names.every((missingTableName) => missingTableName === expected)\n  );\n}\n\nasync function tolerateMissingSystemTable<T>(\n  operation: () => Promise<T>,\n  fallback: T,\n  context: { table: string; action: string },\n): Promise<T> {\n  try {\n    return await operation();\n  } catch (error) {\n    if (!isMissingTableError(error, context.table)) throw error;\n    logger.warn(\n      `Cascade delete skipped ${context.action} on '${context.table}': ` +\n        'table not found in this database.',\n      { error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error) },\n    );\n    return fallback;\n  }\n}\n\nasync function selectIds(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  tableName: string,\n  column: string,\n  ids: string[],\n): Promise<string[]> {\n  const found: string[] = [];\n  for (const batch of chunkArray(ids, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n    const rows = await tolerateMissingTable(\n      () => db.list(tableName, idPredicate(column, batch)),\n      [] as Record<string, unknown>[],\n      { table: tableName, action: 'CASCADE select' },\n    );\n    for (const row of rows) {\n      const id = row?.id;\n      if (typeof id === 'string' && id.length > 0) found.push(id);\n    }\n  }\n  return found;\n}\n\nasync function deleteByIds(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  tableName: string,\n  ids: string[],\n): Promise<void> {\n  for (const batch of chunkArray(ids, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n    await tolerateMissingTable(\n      () => db.delete(tableName, idPredicate('id', batch)),\n      undefined,\n      { table: tableName, action: 'CASCADE delete' },\n    );\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Remove the framework-managed side rows owned by the given object ids.\n *\n * `_smrt_contexts` and `_smrt_embeddings` are keyed by `(owner_class, owner_id)`\n * and `(object_class, object_id)` respectively. Matched by id *and* class\n * (review fix): id alone would let two unrelated classes using\n * `idType: 'text'` (non-UUID, not guaranteed globally unique) collide on a\n * shared id value and delete each other's memory/embeddings rows. `classNames`\n * is the STI-hierarchy-expanded candidate set from\n * {@link ownerClassCandidates} — the class column stores the *runtime*\n * constructor name, which for an STI hierarchy is a concrete subclass rather\n * than the class the cascade was planned from, so a single exact name is not\n * enough.\n *\n * A missing system table is not an error — an application database may predate\n * the table. Every other cleanup failure propagates so the surrounding delete\n * transaction rolls back rather than orphaning tenant-sensitive recall data.\n */\nasync function deleteSystemRows(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  ids: string[],\n  classNames: string[],\n): Promise<void> {\n  const ownerIds = ids.filter(\n    (id) =>\n      typeof id === 'string' &&\n      id.length > 0 &&\n      id !== COLLECTION_OWNER_SENTINEL,\n  );\n  if (ownerIds.length === 0 || classNames.length === 0) return;\n\n  for (const [table, idColumn, classColumn] of [\n    [CONTEXTS_TABLE, 'owner_id', 'owner_class'],\n    [EMBEDDINGS_TABLE, 'object_id', 'object_class'],\n  ] as const) {\n    for (const batch of chunkArray(ownerIds, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n      await tolerateMissingSystemTable(\n        () =>\n          db.delete(table, {\n            ...idPredicate(idColumn, batch),\n            ...idPredicate(classColumn, classNames),\n          }),\n        undefined,\n        { table, action: 'framework-owned row cleanup' },\n      );\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolve every reference pointing at `ids` of `className`, recursively.\n *\n * Does **not** delete the rows identified by `ids` — the caller owns that, so\n * `SmrtObject.delete()` keeps issuing its own final statement and its own\n * lifecycle hooks.\n */\nasync function resolveReferences(\n  ctx: CascadeContext,\n  className: string,\n  tableName: string,\n  ids: string[],\n  depth: number,\n): Promise<void> {\n  const pending = ids.filter((id) => {\n    const key = `${tableName}:${id}`;\n    if (ctx.visited.has(key)) return false;\n    ctx.visited.add(key);\n    return true;\n  });\n  if (pending.length === 0) return;\n\n  if (depth > MAX_CASCADE_DEPTH) {\n    throw DatabaseError.constraintViolation(\n      `cascade delete from ${className} exceeded the maximum depth of ` +\n        `${MAX_CASCADE_DEPTH}; check for a chain of onDelete: 'CASCADE' ` +\n        'references that never terminates',\n      className,\n    );\n  }\n\n  const plan = buildCascadePlan(ctx.registry, className);\n\n  // SQL NO ACTION is immediate on every supported SMRT migration path, so the\n  // app-side belt preflights it exactly like RESTRICT before any mutation.\n  for (const reference of plan.references) {\n    if (reference.action !== 'RESTRICT' && reference.action !== 'NO ACTION') {\n      continue;\n    }\n    let remaining = 0;\n    for (const batch of chunkArray(pending, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n      remaining += await tolerateMissingTable(\n        () =>\n          ctx.db.count(\n            reference.tableName,\n            idPredicate(reference.column, batch),\n          ),\n        0,\n        { table: reference.tableName, action: `${reference.action} check` },\n      );\n      if (remaining > 0) break;\n    }\n    if (remaining > 0) {\n      throw DatabaseError.constraintViolation(\n        `${reference.className}.${reference.fieldName} ` +\n          `${reference.declared ? 'declares' : 'resolves to'} onDelete: ` +\n          `'${reference.action}' and ${remaining} row(s) still reference this ` +\n          `${className}`,\n        reference.column,\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  for (const reference of plan.references) {\n    if (reference.action === 'SET NULL') {\n      for (const batch of chunkArray(pending, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n        await tolerateMissingTable(\n          () =>\n            ctx.db.update(\n              reference.tableName,\n              idPredicate(reference.column, batch),\n              { [reference.column]: null },\n            ),\n          undefined,\n          { table: reference.tableName, action: 'SET NULL' },\n        );\n      }\n      ctx.affectedTables.add(reference.tableName);\n      ctx.affectedTableClasses.set(\n        reference.tableName,\n        toQualifiedClassName(ctx.registry, reference.className),\n      );\n      continue;\n    }\n\n    if (reference.action !== 'CASCADE') continue;\n\n    const childIds = await selectIds(\n      ctx.db,\n      reference.tableName,\n      reference.column,\n      pending,\n    );\n    if (childIds.length === 0) continue;\n\n    await resolveReferences(\n      ctx,\n      reference.className,\n      reference.tableName,\n      childIds,\n      depth + 1,\n    );\n    await deleteSystemRows(\n      ctx.db,\n      childIds,\n      ownerClassCandidates(ctx.registry, reference.className),\n    );\n    await deleteByIds(ctx.db, reference.tableName, childIds);\n    ctx.affectedTables.add(reference.tableName);\n    ctx.affectedTableClasses.set(\n      reference.tableName,\n      toQualifiedClassName(ctx.registry, reference.className),\n    );\n  }\n\n  for (const association of plan.polymorphic) {\n    // A caught missing-table DELETE still aborts PostgreSQL's transaction.\n    // Optional/abstract association tables must be checked before mutation.\n    if (!(await ctx.db.tableExists(association.tableName))) continue;\n    for (const batch of chunkArray(pending, IN_LIST_CHUNK_SIZE)) {\n      const where: Record<string, unknown> = {\n        ...idPredicate('meta_id', batch),\n      };\n      if (plan.metaTypes.length === 1) {\n        where.meta_type = plan.metaTypes[0];\n      } else {\n        where['meta_type in'] = plan.metaTypes;\n      }\n      const result = await tolerateMissingTable(\n        () => ctx.db.delete(association.tableName, where),\n        undefined,\n        {\n          table: association.tableName,\n          action: 'polymorphic association cleanup',\n        },\n      );\n      if ((result?.affected ?? 0) > 0) {\n        ctx.affectedTables.add(association.tableName);\n        ctx.affectedTableClasses.set(\n          association.tableName,\n          toQualifiedClassName(ctx.registry, association.className),\n        );\n      }\n    }\n  }\n}\n\n/** Outcome of a cascade run, returned so the caller can invalidate caches. */\nexport interface CascadeResult {\n  /** Tables whose rows were removed or nulled, excluding the target's own. */\n  affectedTables: Set<string>;\n  /**\n   * Qualified class name that owns each entry in {@link affectedTables},\n   * where resolvable — lets the caller check *that* class's own\n   * cross-process cache config rather than only its own.\n   */\n  affectedTableClasses: Map<string, string>;\n}\n\n/**\n * Resolve every reference to `ids` of `className` and clean their framework\n * side rows, then hand control back so the caller can delete the rows.\n *\n * Callers are expected to run this on a transaction-bound `db` — see\n * {@link runCascadeDelete}, which owns that decision.\n */\nexport async function cascadeReferencesTo(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  target: { className: string; tableName: string; ids: string[] },\n): Promise<CascadeResult> {\n  const ctx: CascadeContext = {\n    db,\n    registry,\n    visited: new Set(),\n    affectedTables: new Set(),\n    affectedTableClasses: new Map(),\n  };\n  await resolveReferences(\n    ctx,\n    target.className,\n    target.tableName,\n    target.ids,\n    0,\n  );\n  await deleteSystemRows(\n    db,\n    target.ids,\n    ownerClassCandidates(registry, target.className),\n  );\n  return {\n    affectedTables: ctx.affectedTables,\n    affectedTableClasses: ctx.affectedTableClasses,\n  };\n}\n\ntype TransactionCapable = DatabaseInterface & {\n  transaction?: <T>(\n    this: DatabaseInterface,\n    callback: (tx: DatabaseInterface) => Promise<T>,\n  ) => Promise<T>;\n};\n\n/**\n * Run the cascade and the target row's own deletion atomically.\n *\n * When the adapter exposes `transaction()`, the whole sequence runs inside one\n * — including framework-owned row cleanup and the caller's `deleteSelf`\n * statement, so a failure part-way through cannot leave either side orphaned.\n * Adapters without transaction support run the same statements sequentially;\n * this is the documented degradation, not a silent one.\n *\n * @param db - Database the object is bound to\n * @param registry - Registry view used to build cascade plans\n * @param target - Class, table and id of the object being deleted\n * @param deleteSelf - Issues the target row's own `DELETE`, on the tx-bound db\n * @returns Tables affected by the cascade, for read-cache invalidation\n */\nexport async function runCascadeDelete(\n  db: DatabaseInterface,\n  registry: CascadeRegistryView,\n  target: {\n    className: string;\n    tableName: string;\n    /** An unsaved object has none; the cascade is then a no-op. */\n    id: string | null | undefined;\n  },\n  deleteSelf: (db: DatabaseInterface) => Promise<void>,\n): Promise<CascadeResult> {\n  const ids = target.id ? [target.id] : [];\n\n  // Nothing references this class AND no polymorphic association class is\n  // registered anywhere in the process. `plan.polymorphic` is unconditionally\n  // every registered `SmrtPolymorphicAssociation` subclass — a `metaType`\n  // column can point at any class at runtime, so there is no static metadata\n  // to scope it by, unlike a typed `@foreignKey`/`@crossPackageRef`. This\n  // branch is therefore common for a class with no incoming references in an\n  // app with no polymorphic associations at all, but rare — not \"the\n  // overwhelmingly common case\" — once even one polymorphic class exists\n  // anywhere in the process, since every delete's plan then carries it.\n  // Framework-owned context and embedding rows still need atomic cleanup even\n  // when the registry has no typed or polymorphic references for this class.\n  if (buildCascadePlan(registry, target.className).isEmpty) {\n    const runWithoutReferences = async (\n      bound: DatabaseInterface,\n    ): Promise<CascadeResult> => {\n      await deleteSystemRows(\n        bound,\n        ids,\n        ownerClassCandidates(registry, target.className),\n      );\n      await deleteSelf(bound);\n      return { affectedTables: new Set(), affectedTableClasses: new Map() };\n    };\n    const transaction = (db as TransactionCapable).transaction;\n    if (typeof transaction !== 'function') return runWithoutReferences(db);\n    return transaction.call<\n      DatabaseInterface,\n      [(tx: DatabaseInterface) => Promise<CascadeResult>],\n      Promise<CascadeResult>\n    >(db, runWithoutReferences);\n  }\n\n  const run = async (bound: DatabaseInterface): Promise<CascadeResult> => {\n    const result = await cascadeReferencesTo(bound, registry, {\n      className: target.className,\n      tableName: target.tableName,\n      ids,\n    });\n    await deleteSelf(bound);\n    return result;\n  };\n\n  const transaction = (db as TransactionCapable).transaction;\n  if (typeof transaction !== 'function') {\n    return run(db);\n  }\n\n  return transaction.call<\n    DatabaseInterface,\n    [(tx: DatabaseInterface) => Promise<CascadeResult>],\n    Promise<CascadeResult>\n  >(db, 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package/dist/collection.d.ts

@@ -48,6 +48,14 @@ export type SmrtCreateInput<T extends SmrtObject> = Partial<Omit<{
      * identity is an explicit client-supplied `id` (sync-apply, #1759).
      */
     _insertOnly?: boolean;
+    /**
+     * Update the row the natural key identifies in place on the initial save,
+     * even when the slug is derived from `name`/`title`/`label` (which otherwise
+     * moves to a free `<slug>-2`). Set by `getOrUpsert()`; the ownership guard
+     * still applies.
+     * @internal
+     */
+    _adoptNaturalKey?: boolean;
     /** Allow arbitrary additional fields for dynamic usage */
     [key: string]: unknown;
 };
@@ -328,7 +336,8 @@ export declare class SmrtCollection<ModelType extends SmrtObject> extends SmrtCl
      * requesting `?orderBy=api_secret&limit=1` (with a shrinking `where`) walks
      * the secret's value ordering without ever serializing the column.
      *
-     * @param orderBy - one `'<field> [ASC|DESC]'` term or an array of them
+     * @param orderBy - one `'<field> [ASC|DESC] [NULLS FIRST|LAST]'` term or an
+     *   array of them
      * @param fields - the collection's cached field definitions
      * @returns the `' ORDER BY ...'` fragment, or `''` when no ordering was asked
      *   for