@haposoft/cafekit 0.16.0-rc.8 → 0.16.0

package/src/claude/skills/backend-development/references/backend-devops.md

@@ -1,491 +0,0 @@
-# Backend DevOps Practices
-
-CI/CD pipelines, containerization, deployment strategies, and monitoring (2025).
-
-## Deployment Strategies
-
-### Blue-Green Deployment
-
-**Concept:** Two identical environments (Blue = current, Green = new)
-
-```
-Production Traffic → Blue (v1.0)
-                     Green (v2.0) ← Deploy & Test
-
-Switch:
-Production Traffic → Green (v2.0)
-                     Blue (v1.0) ← Instant rollback available
-```
-
-**Pros:**
-- Zero downtime
-- Instant rollback
-- Full environment testing before switch
-
-**Cons:**
-- Requires double infrastructure
-- Database migrations complex
-
-### Canary Deployment
-
-**Concept:** Gradual rollout (1% → 5% → 25% → 100%)
-
-```bash
-# Kubernetes canary deployment
-kubectl set image deployment/api api=myapp:v2
-kubectl rollout pause deployment/api  # Pause at initial replicas
-
-# Monitor metrics, then continue
-kubectl rollout resume deployment/api
-```
-
-**Pros:**
-- Risk mitigation
-- Early issue detection
-- Real user feedback
-
-**Cons:**
-- Requires monitoring
-- Longer deployment time
-
-### Feature Flags (Progressive Delivery)
-
-**Impact:** Fewer deployment failures when combined with canary
-
-```typescript
-import { LaunchDarkly } from 'launchdarkly-node-server-sdk';
-
-const client = LaunchDarkly.init(process.env.LD_SDK_KEY);
-
-// Check feature flag
-const showNewCheckout = await client.variation('new-checkout', user, false);
-
-if (showNewCheckout) {
-  return newCheckoutFlow(req, res);
-} else {
-  return oldCheckoutFlow(req, res);
-}
-```
-
-**Use Cases:**
-- Gradual feature rollout
-- A/B testing
-- Kill switch for problematic features
-- Decouple deployment from release
-
-## Containerization with Docker
-
-### Multi-Stage Builds (Optimize Image Size)
-
-```dockerfile
-# Build stage
-FROM node:20-alpine AS builder
-WORKDIR /app
-COPY package*.json ./
-RUN npm ci --only=production
-COPY . .
-RUN npm run build
-
-# Production stage
-FROM node:20-alpine
-WORKDIR /app
-
-# Copy only necessary files
-COPY --from=builder /app/dist ./dist
-COPY --from=builder /app/node_modules ./node_modules
-COPY package.json ./
-
-# Security: Run as non-root
-RUN addgroup -g 1001 -S nodejs && \
-    adduser -S nodejs -u 1001
-USER nodejs
-
-EXPOSE 3000
-CMD ["node", "dist/main.js"]
-```
-
-**Benefits:**
-- Smaller image size
-- Faster deployments
-- Reduced attack surface
-
-### Docker Compose (Local Development)
-
-```yaml
-version: '3.8'
-
-services:
-  api:
-    build: .
-    ports:
-      - "3000:3000"
-    environment:
-      - DATABASE_URL=postgresql://postgres:password@db:5432/myapp
-      - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379
-    depends_on:
-      - db
-      - redis
-
-  db:
-    image: postgres:15-alpine
-    environment:
-      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password
-      - POSTGRES_DB=myapp
-    volumes:
-      - postgres-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
-
-  redis:
-    image: redis:7-alpine
-    ports:
-      - "6379:6379"
-
-volumes:
-  postgres-data:
-```
-
-## Kubernetes Orchestration
-
-### Deployment Manifest
-
-```yaml
-apiVersion: apps/v1
-kind: Deployment
-version: "1.0.0"
-spec:
-  replicas: 3
-  selector:
-    matchLabels:
-      app: api
-  template:
-    metadata:
-      labels:
-        app: api
-    spec:
-      containers:
-      - name: api
-        image: myregistry/api:v1.0.0
-        ports:
-        - containerPort: 3000
-        env:
-        - name: DATABASE_URL
-          valueFrom:
-            secretKeyRef:
-              name: db-secret
-              key: url
-        resources:
-          requests:
-            memory: "256Mi"
-            cpu: "250m"
-          limits:
-            memory: "512Mi"
-            cpu: "500m"
-        livenessProbe:
-          httpGet:
-            path: /health
-            port: 3000
-          initialDelaySeconds: 30
-          periodSeconds: 10
-        readinessProbe:
-          httpGet:
-            path: /ready
-            port: 3000
-          initialDelaySeconds: 5
-          periodSeconds: 5
-```
-
-### Horizontal Pod Autoscaling
-
-```yaml
-apiVersion: autoscaling/v2
-kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
-version: "1.0.0"
-spec:
-  scaleTargetRef:
-    apiVersion: apps/v1
-    kind: Deployment
-    name: api-deployment
-  minReplicas: 3
-  maxReplicas: 10
-  metrics:
-  - type: Resource
-    resource:
-      name: cpu
-      target:
-        type: Utilization
-        averageUtilization: 70
-```
-
-## CI/CD Pipelines
-
-### GitHub Actions (Modern, Integrated)
-
-```yaml
-name: CI/CD Pipeline
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-  pull_request:
-    branches: [main]
-
-jobs:
-  test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-      - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v3
-        with:
-          node-version: '20'
-          cache: 'npm'
-
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: npm ci
-
-      - name: Run linter
-        run: npm run lint
-
-      - name: Run tests
-        run: npm run test:ci
-
-      - name: Upload coverage
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
-
-  security:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-      - name: Run Snyk scan
-        uses: snyk/actions/node@master
-        env:
-          SNYK_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.SNYK_TOKEN }}
-
-      - name: Container scan
-        run: |
-          docker build -t myapp:${{ github.sha }} .
-          docker scan myapp:${{ github.sha }}
-
-  deploy:
-    needs: [test, security]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-      - name: Build and push Docker image
-        run: |
-          echo ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} | docker login ghcr.io -u ${{ github.actor }} --password-stdin
-          docker build -t ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:${{ github.sha }} .
-          docker push ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:${{ github.sha }}
-
-      - name: Deploy to Kubernetes
-        run: |
-          kubectl set image deployment/api api=ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:${{ github.sha }}
-          kubectl rollout status deployment/api
-```
-
-## Monitoring & Observability
-
-### Three Pillars of Observability
-
-**1. Metrics (Prometheus + Grafana)**
-
-```typescript
-import { Counter, Histogram, register } from 'prom-client';
-
-// Request counter
-const httpRequestTotal = new Counter({
-  name: 'http_requests_total',
-  help: 'Total HTTP requests',
-  labelNames: ['method', 'route', 'status'],
-});
-
-// Response time histogram
-const httpRequestDuration = new Histogram({
-  name: 'http_request_duration_seconds',
-  help: 'HTTP request duration',
-  labelNames: ['method', 'route'],
-  buckets: [0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5],
-});
-
-// Middleware to track metrics
-app.use((req, res, next) => {
-  const start = Date.now();
-
-  res.on('finish', () => {
-    const duration = (Date.now() - start) / 1000;
-    httpRequestTotal.inc({ method: req.method, route: req.route?.path, status: res.statusCode });
-    httpRequestDuration.observe({ method: req.method, route: req.route?.path }, duration);
-  });
-
-  next();
-});
-
-// Metrics endpoint
-app.get('/metrics', async (req, res) => {
-  res.set('Content-Type', register.contentType);
-  res.end(await register.metrics());
-});
-```
-
-**2. Logs (ELK Stack - Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)**
-
-```typescript
-import winston from 'winston';
-import { ElasticsearchTransport } from 'winston-elasticsearch';
-
-const logger = winston.createLogger({
-  level: 'info',
-  format: winston.format.json(),
-  transports: [
-    new winston.transports.Console(),
-    new ElasticsearchTransport({
-      level: 'info',
-      clientOpts: { node: 'http://localhost:9200' },
-      index: 'logs',
-    }),
-  ],
-});
-
-// Structured logging
-logger.info('User created', {
-  userId: user.id,
-  email: user.email,
-  ipAddress: req.ip,
-  userAgent: req.headers['user-agent'],
-});
-```
-
-**3. Traces (Jaeger/OpenTelemetry)**
-
-```typescript
-import { NodeSDK } from '@opentelemetry/sdk-node';
-import { JaegerExporter } from '@opentelemetry/exporter-jaeger';
-
-const sdk = new NodeSDK({
-  traceExporter: new JaegerExporter({
-    endpoint: 'http://localhost:14268/api/traces',
-  }),
-  serviceName: 'api-service',
-});
-
-sdk.start();
-
-// Traces automatically captured for HTTP requests, database queries, etc.
-```
-
-### Health Checks
-
-```typescript
-// Liveness probe - Is the app running?
-app.get('/health/liveness', (req, res) => {
-  res.status(200).json({ status: 'ok', timestamp: Date.now() });
-});
-
-// Readiness probe - Is the app ready to serve traffic?
-app.get('/health/readiness', async (req, res) => {
-  const checks = {
-    database: await checkDatabase(),
-    redis: await checkRedis(),
-    externalAPI: await checkExternalAPI(),
-  };
-
-  const isReady = Object.values(checks).every(Boolean);
-  res.status(isReady ? 200 : 503).json({
-    status: isReady ? 'ready' : 'not ready',
-    checks,
-  });
-});
-
-async function checkDatabase() {
-  try {
-    await db.query('SELECT 1');
-    return true;
-  } catch {
-    return false;
-  }
-}
-```
-
-## Secrets Management
-
-### HashiCorp Vault
-
-```bash
-# Store secret
-vault kv put secret/myapp/db password=super-secret
-
-# Retrieve secret
-vault kv get -field=password secret/myapp/db
-```
-
-### Kubernetes Secrets
-
-```yaml
-apiVersion: v1
-kind: Secret
-version: "1.0.0"
-type: Opaque
-stringData:
-  url: postgresql://user:pass@host:5432/db
----
-# Reference in deployment
-env:
-- name: DATABASE_URL
-  valueFrom:
-    secretKeyRef:
-      name: db-secret
-      key: url
-```
-
-## Infrastructure as Code (Terraform)
-
-```hcl
-# main.tf
-resource "aws_db_instance" "main" {
-  identifier        = "myapp-db"
-  engine            = "postgres"
-  engine_version    = "15.3"
-  instance_class    = "db.t3.micro"
-  allocated_storage = 20
-  username          = "admin"
-  password          = var.db_password
-
-  backup_retention_period = 7
-  skip_final_snapshot     = false
-}
-
-resource "aws_elasticache_cluster" "redis" {
-  cluster_id           = "myapp-redis"
-  engine               = "redis"
-  node_type            = "cache.t3.micro"
-  num_cache_nodes      = 1
-  parameter_group_name = "default.redis7"
-}
-```
-
-## DevOps Checklist
-
-- [ ] CI/CD pipeline configured (GitHub Actions/GitLab CI/Jenkins)
-- [ ] Docker multi-stage builds implemented
-- [ ] Kubernetes deployment manifests created
-- [ ] Blue-green or canary deployment strategy
-- [ ] Feature flags configured (LaunchDarkly/Unleash)
-- [ ] Health checks (liveness + readiness probes)
-- [ ] Monitoring: Prometheus + Grafana
-- [ ] Logging: ELK Stack or similar
-- [ ] Distributed tracing: Jaeger/OpenTelemetry
-- [ ] Secrets management (Vault/AWS Secrets Manager)
-- [ ] Infrastructure as Code (Terraform/CloudFormation)
-- [ ] Autoscaling configured
-- [ ] Backup and disaster recovery plan
-
-## Resources
-
-- **Kubernetes:** https://kubernetes.io/docs/
-- **Docker:** https://docs.docker.com/
-- **Prometheus:** https://prometheus.io/docs/
-- **OpenTelemetry:** https://opentelemetry.io/docs/
-- **Terraform:** https://www.terraform.io/docs/