@google/gemini-cli 0.1.8-rc.1 → 0.1.9-nightly.20250704.b1fbe7b0

package/dist/src/ui/components/shared/text-buffer.js

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import { spawnSync } from 'child_process';
 import fs from 'fs';
 import os from 'os';
 import pathMod from 'path';
-import { useState, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo } from 'react';
+import { useState, useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useReducer } from 'react';
 import stringWidth from 'string-width';
 import { unescapePath } from '@google/gemini-cli-core';
 import { toCodePoints, cpLen, cpSlice } from '../../utils/textUtils.js';
@@ -43,17 +43,6 @@ function stripUnsafeCharacters(str) {
 function clamp(v, min, max) {
     return v < min ? min : v > max ? max : v;
 }
-/* -------------------------------------------------------------------------
- *  Debug helper – enable verbose logging by setting env var TEXTBUFFER_DEBUG=1
- * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
-// Enable verbose logging only when requested via env var.
-const DEBUG = process.env['TEXTBUFFER_DEBUG'] === '1' ||
-    process.env['TEXTBUFFER_DEBUG'] === 'true';
-function dbg(...args) {
-    if (DEBUG) {
-        console.log('[TextBuffer]', ...args);
-    }
-}
 function calculateInitialCursorPosition(initialLines, offset) {
     let remainingChars = offset;
     let row = 0;
@@ -289,36 +278,512 @@ function calculateVisualLayout(logicalLines, logicalCursor, viewportWidth) {
         visualToLogicalMap,
     };
 }
+const historyLimit = 100;
+export function textBufferReducer(state, action) {
+    const pushUndo = (currentState) => {
+        const snapshot = {
+            lines: [...currentState.lines],
+            cursorRow: currentState.cursorRow,
+            cursorCol: currentState.cursorCol,
+        };
+        const newStack = [...currentState.undoStack, snapshot];
+        if (newStack.length > historyLimit) {
+            newStack.shift();
+        }
+        return { ...currentState, undoStack: newStack, redoStack: [] };
+    };
+    const currentLine = (r) => state.lines[r] ?? '';
+    const currentLineLen = (r) => cpLen(currentLine(r));
+    switch (action.type) {
+        case 'set_text': {
+            let nextState = state;
+            if (action.pushToUndo !== false) {
+                nextState = pushUndo(state);
+            }
+            const newContentLines = action.payload
+                .replace(/\r\n?/g, '\n')
+                .split('\n');
+            const lines = newContentLines.length === 0 ? [''] : newContentLines;
+            const lastNewLineIndex = lines.length - 1;
+            return {
+                ...nextState,
+                lines,
+                cursorRow: lastNewLineIndex,
+                cursorCol: cpLen(lines[lastNewLineIndex] ?? ''),
+                preferredCol: null,
+            };
+        }
+        case 'insert': {
+            const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+            const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+            let newCursorRow = nextState.cursorRow;
+            let newCursorCol = nextState.cursorCol;
+            const currentLine = (r) => newLines[r] ?? '';
+            const str = stripUnsafeCharacters(action.payload.replace(/\r\n/g, '\n').replace(/\r/g, '\n'));
+            const parts = str.split('\n');
+            const lineContent = currentLine(newCursorRow);
+            const before = cpSlice(lineContent, 0, newCursorCol);
+            const after = cpSlice(lineContent, newCursorCol);
+            if (parts.length > 1) {
+                newLines[newCursorRow] = before + parts[0];
+                const remainingParts = parts.slice(1);
+                const lastPartOriginal = remainingParts.pop() ?? '';
+                newLines.splice(newCursorRow + 1, 0, ...remainingParts);
+                newLines.splice(newCursorRow + parts.length - 1, 0, lastPartOriginal + after);
+                newCursorRow = newCursorRow + parts.length - 1;
+                newCursorCol = cpLen(lastPartOriginal);
+            }
+            else {
+                newLines[newCursorRow] = before + parts[0] + after;
+                newCursorCol = cpLen(before) + cpLen(parts[0]);
+            }
+            return {
+                ...nextState,
+                lines: newLines,
+                cursorRow: newCursorRow,
+                cursorCol: newCursorCol,
+                preferredCol: null,
+            };
+        }
+        case 'backspace': {
+            const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+            const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+            let newCursorRow = nextState.cursorRow;
+            let newCursorCol = nextState.cursorCol;
+            const currentLine = (r) => newLines[r] ?? '';
+            if (newCursorCol === 0 && newCursorRow === 0)
+                return state;
+            if (newCursorCol > 0) {
+                const lineContent = currentLine(newCursorRow);
+                newLines[newCursorRow] =
+                    cpSlice(lineContent, 0, newCursorCol - 1) +
+                        cpSlice(lineContent, newCursorCol);
+                newCursorCol--;
+            }
+            else if (newCursorRow > 0) {
+                const prevLineContent = currentLine(newCursorRow - 1);
+                const currentLineContentVal = currentLine(newCursorRow);
+                const newCol = cpLen(prevLineContent);
+                newLines[newCursorRow - 1] = prevLineContent + currentLineContentVal;
+                newLines.splice(newCursorRow, 1);
+                newCursorRow--;
+                newCursorCol = newCol;
+            }
+            return {
+                ...nextState,
+                lines: newLines,
+                cursorRow: newCursorRow,
+                cursorCol: newCursorCol,
+                preferredCol: null,
+            };
+        }
+        case 'set_viewport_width': {
+            if (action.payload === state.viewportWidth) {
+                return state;
+            }
+            return { ...state, viewportWidth: action.payload };
+        }
+        case 'move': {
+            const { dir } = action.payload;
+            const { lines, cursorRow, cursorCol, viewportWidth } = state;
+            const visualLayout = calculateVisualLayout(lines, [cursorRow, cursorCol], viewportWidth);
+            const { visualLines, visualCursor, visualToLogicalMap } = visualLayout;
+            let newVisualRow = visualCursor[0];
+            let newVisualCol = visualCursor[1];
+            let newPreferredCol = state.preferredCol;
+            const currentVisLineLen = cpLen(visualLines[newVisualRow] ?? '');
+            switch (dir) {
+                case 'left':
+                    newPreferredCol = null;
+                    if (newVisualCol > 0) {
+                        newVisualCol--;
+                    }
+                    else if (newVisualRow > 0) {
+                        newVisualRow--;
+                        newVisualCol = cpLen(visualLines[newVisualRow] ?? '');
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 'right':
+                    newPreferredCol = null;
+                    if (newVisualCol < currentVisLineLen) {
+                        newVisualCol++;
+                    }
+                    else if (newVisualRow < visualLines.length - 1) {
+                        newVisualRow++;
+                        newVisualCol = 0;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 'up':
+                    if (newVisualRow > 0) {
+                        if (newPreferredCol === null)
+                            newPreferredCol = newVisualCol;
+                        newVisualRow--;
+                        newVisualCol = clamp(newPreferredCol, 0, cpLen(visualLines[newVisualRow] ?? ''));
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 'down':
+                    if (newVisualRow < visualLines.length - 1) {
+                        if (newPreferredCol === null)
+                            newPreferredCol = newVisualCol;
+                        newVisualRow++;
+                        newVisualCol = clamp(newPreferredCol, 0, cpLen(visualLines[newVisualRow] ?? ''));
+                    }
+                    break;
+                case 'home':
+                    newPreferredCol = null;
+                    newVisualCol = 0;
+                    break;
+                case 'end':
+                    newPreferredCol = null;
+                    newVisualCol = currentVisLineLen;
+                    break;
+                case 'wordLeft': {
+                    const { cursorRow, cursorCol, lines } = state;
+                    if (cursorCol === 0 && cursorRow === 0)
+                        return state;
+                    let newCursorRow = cursorRow;
+                    let newCursorCol = cursorCol;
+                    if (cursorCol === 0) {
+                        newCursorRow--;
+                        newCursorCol = cpLen(lines[newCursorRow] ?? '');
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        const lineContent = lines[cursorRow];
+                        const arr = toCodePoints(lineContent);
+                        let start = cursorCol;
+                        let onlySpaces = true;
+                        for (let i = 0; i < start; i++) {
+                            if (isWordChar(arr[i])) {
+                                onlySpaces = false;
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (onlySpaces && start > 0) {
+                            start--;
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            while (start > 0 && !isWordChar(arr[start - 1]))
+                                start--;
+                            while (start > 0 && isWordChar(arr[start - 1]))
+                                start--;
+                        }
+                        newCursorCol = start;
+                    }
+                    return {
+                        ...state,
+                        cursorRow: newCursorRow,
+                        cursorCol: newCursorCol,
+                        preferredCol: null,
+                    };
+                }
+                case 'wordRight': {
+                    const { cursorRow, cursorCol, lines } = state;
+                    if (cursorRow === lines.length - 1 &&
+                        cursorCol === cpLen(lines[cursorRow] ?? '')) {
+                        return state;
+                    }
+                    let newCursorRow = cursorRow;
+                    let newCursorCol = cursorCol;
+                    const lineContent = lines[cursorRow] ?? '';
+                    const arr = toCodePoints(lineContent);
+                    if (cursorCol >= arr.length) {
+                        newCursorRow++;
+                        newCursorCol = 0;
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        let end = cursorCol;
+                        while (end < arr.length && !isWordChar(arr[end]))
+                            end++;
+                        while (end < arr.length && isWordChar(arr[end]))
+                            end++;
+                        newCursorCol = end;
+                    }
+                    return {
+                        ...state,
+                        cursorRow: newCursorRow,
+                        cursorCol: newCursorCol,
+                        preferredCol: null,
+                    };
+                }
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+            if (visualToLogicalMap[newVisualRow]) {
+                const [logRow, logStartCol] = visualToLogicalMap[newVisualRow];
+                return {
+                    ...state,
+                    cursorRow: logRow,
+                    cursorCol: clamp(logStartCol + newVisualCol, 0, cpLen(state.lines[logRow] ?? '')),
+                    preferredCol: newPreferredCol,
+                };
+            }
+            return state;
+        }
+        case 'delete': {
+            const { cursorRow, cursorCol, lines } = state;
+            const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
+            if (cursorCol < currentLineLen(cursorRow)) {
+                const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+                const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+                newLines[cursorRow] =
+                    cpSlice(lineContent, 0, cursorCol) +
+                        cpSlice(lineContent, cursorCol + 1);
+                return { ...nextState, lines: newLines, preferredCol: null };
+            }
+            else if (cursorRow < lines.length - 1) {
+                const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+                const nextLineContent = currentLine(cursorRow + 1);
+                const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+                newLines[cursorRow] = lineContent + nextLineContent;
+                newLines.splice(cursorRow + 1, 1);
+                return { ...nextState, lines: newLines, preferredCol: null };
+            }
+            return state;
+        }
+        case 'delete_word_left': {
+            const { cursorRow, cursorCol } = state;
+            if (cursorCol === 0 && cursorRow === 0)
+                return state;
+            if (cursorCol === 0) {
+                // Act as a backspace
+                const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+                const prevLineContent = currentLine(cursorRow - 1);
+                const currentLineContentVal = currentLine(cursorRow);
+                const newCol = cpLen(prevLineContent);
+                const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+                newLines[cursorRow - 1] = prevLineContent + currentLineContentVal;
+                newLines.splice(cursorRow, 1);
+                return {
+                    ...nextState,
+                    lines: newLines,
+                    cursorRow: cursorRow - 1,
+                    cursorCol: newCol,
+                    preferredCol: null,
+                };
+            }
+            const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+            const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
+            const arr = toCodePoints(lineContent);
+            let start = cursorCol;
+            let onlySpaces = true;
+            for (let i = 0; i < start; i++) {
+                if (isWordChar(arr[i])) {
+                    onlySpaces = false;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (onlySpaces && start > 0) {
+                start--;
+            }
+            else {
+                while (start > 0 && !isWordChar(arr[start - 1]))
+                    start--;
+                while (start > 0 && isWordChar(arr[start - 1]))
+                    start--;
+            }
+            const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+            newLines[cursorRow] =
+                cpSlice(lineContent, 0, start) + cpSlice(lineContent, cursorCol);
+            return {
+                ...nextState,
+                lines: newLines,
+                cursorCol: start,
+                preferredCol: null,
+            };
+        }
+        case 'delete_word_right': {
+            const { cursorRow, cursorCol, lines } = state;
+            const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
+            const arr = toCodePoints(lineContent);
+            if (cursorCol >= arr.length && cursorRow === lines.length - 1)
+                return state;
+            if (cursorCol >= arr.length) {
+                // Act as a delete
+                const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+                const nextLineContent = currentLine(cursorRow + 1);
+                const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+                newLines[cursorRow] = lineContent + nextLineContent;
+                newLines.splice(cursorRow + 1, 1);
+                return { ...nextState, lines: newLines, preferredCol: null };
+            }
+            const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+            let end = cursorCol;
+            while (end < arr.length && !isWordChar(arr[end]))
+                end++;
+            while (end < arr.length && isWordChar(arr[end]))
+                end++;
+            const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+            newLines[cursorRow] =
+                cpSlice(lineContent, 0, cursorCol) + cpSlice(lineContent, end);
+            return { ...nextState, lines: newLines, preferredCol: null };
+        }
+        case 'kill_line_right': {
+            const { cursorRow, cursorCol, lines } = state;
+            const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
+            if (cursorCol < currentLineLen(cursorRow)) {
+                const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+                const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+                newLines[cursorRow] = cpSlice(lineContent, 0, cursorCol);
+                return { ...nextState, lines: newLines };
+            }
+            else if (cursorRow < lines.length - 1) {
+                // Act as a delete
+                const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+                const nextLineContent = currentLine(cursorRow + 1);
+                const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+                newLines[cursorRow] = lineContent + nextLineContent;
+                newLines.splice(cursorRow + 1, 1);
+                return { ...nextState, lines: newLines, preferredCol: null };
+            }
+            return state;
+        }
+        case 'kill_line_left': {
+            const { cursorRow, cursorCol } = state;
+            if (cursorCol > 0) {
+                const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+                const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
+                const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+                newLines[cursorRow] = cpSlice(lineContent, cursorCol);
+                return {
+                    ...nextState,
+                    lines: newLines,
+                    cursorCol: 0,
+                    preferredCol: null,
+                };
+            }
+            return state;
+        }
+        case 'undo': {
+            const stateToRestore = state.undoStack[state.undoStack.length - 1];
+            if (!stateToRestore)
+                return state;
+            const currentSnapshot = {
+                lines: [...state.lines],
+                cursorRow: state.cursorRow,
+                cursorCol: state.cursorCol,
+            };
+            return {
+                ...state,
+                ...stateToRestore,
+                undoStack: state.undoStack.slice(0, -1),
+                redoStack: [...state.redoStack, currentSnapshot],
+            };
+        }
+        case 'redo': {
+            const stateToRestore = state.redoStack[state.redoStack.length - 1];
+            if (!stateToRestore)
+                return state;
+            const currentSnapshot = {
+                lines: [...state.lines],
+                cursorRow: state.cursorRow,
+                cursorCol: state.cursorCol,
+            };
+            return {
+                ...state,
+                ...stateToRestore,
+                redoStack: state.redoStack.slice(0, -1),
+                undoStack: [...state.undoStack, currentSnapshot],
+            };
+        }
+        case 'replace_range': {
+            const { startRow, startCol, endRow, endCol, text } = action.payload;
+            if (startRow > endRow ||
+                (startRow === endRow && startCol > endCol) ||
+                startRow < 0 ||
+                startCol < 0 ||
+                endRow >= state.lines.length ||
+                (endRow < state.lines.length && endCol > currentLineLen(endRow))) {
+                return state; // Invalid range
+            }
+            const nextState = pushUndo(state);
+            const newLines = [...nextState.lines];
+            const sCol = clamp(startCol, 0, currentLineLen(startRow));
+            const eCol = clamp(endCol, 0, currentLineLen(endRow));
+            const prefix = cpSlice(currentLine(startRow), 0, sCol);
+            const suffix = cpSlice(currentLine(endRow), eCol);
+            const normalisedReplacement = text
+                .replace(/\r\n/g, '\n')
+                .replace(/\r/g, '\n');
+            const replacementParts = normalisedReplacement.split('\n');
+            // Replace the content
+            if (startRow === endRow) {
+                newLines[startRow] = prefix + normalisedReplacement + suffix;
+            }
+            else {
+                const firstLine = prefix + replacementParts[0];
+                if (replacementParts.length === 1) {
+                    // Single line of replacement text, but spanning multiple original lines
+                    newLines.splice(startRow, endRow - startRow + 1, firstLine + suffix);
+                }
+                else {
+                    // Multi-line replacement text
+                    const lastLine = replacementParts[replacementParts.length - 1] + suffix;
+                    const middleLines = replacementParts.slice(1, -1);
+                    newLines.splice(startRow, endRow - startRow + 1, firstLine, ...middleLines, lastLine);
+                }
+            }
+            const finalCursorRow = startRow + replacementParts.length - 1;
+            const finalCursorCol = (replacementParts.length > 1 ? 0 : sCol) +
+                cpLen(replacementParts[replacementParts.length - 1]);
+            return {
+                ...nextState,
+                lines: newLines,
+                cursorRow: finalCursorRow,
+                cursorCol: finalCursorCol,
+                preferredCol: null,
+            };
+        }
+        case 'move_to_offset': {
+            const { offset } = action.payload;
+            const [newRow, newCol] = offsetToLogicalPos(state.lines.join('\n'), offset);
+            return {
+                ...state,
+                cursorRow: newRow,
+                cursorCol: newCol,
+                preferredCol: null,
+            };
+        }
+        case 'create_undo_snapshot': {
+            return pushUndo(state);
+        }
+        default: {
+            const exhaustiveCheck = action;
+            console.error(`Unknown action encountered: ${exhaustiveCheck}`);
+            return state;
+        }
+    }
+}
+// --- End of reducer logic ---
 export function useTextBuffer({ initialText = '', initialCursorOffset = 0, viewport, stdin, setRawMode, onChange, isValidPath, }) {
-    const [lines, setLines] = useState(() => {
-        const l = initialText.split('\n');
-        return l.length === 0 ? [''] : l;
-    });
-    const [[initialCursorRow, initialCursorCol]] = useState(() => calculateInitialCursorPosition(lines, initialCursorOffset));
-    const [cursorRow, setCursorRow] = useState(initialCursorRow);
-    const [cursorCol, setCursorCol] = useState(initialCursorCol);
-    const [preferredCol, setPreferredCol] = useState(null); // Visual preferred col
-    const [undoStack, setUndoStack] = useState([]);
-    const [redoStack, setRedoStack] = useState([]);
-    const historyLimit = 100;
-    const [clipboard, setClipboard] = useState(null);
-    const [selectionAnchor, setSelectionAnchor] = useState(null); // Logical selection
-    // Visual state
-    const [visualLines, setVisualLines] = useState(['']);
-    const [visualCursor, setVisualCursor] = useState([0, 0]);
+    const initialState = useMemo(() => {
+        const lines = initialText.split('\n');
+        const [initialCursorRow, initialCursorCol] = calculateInitialCursorPosition(lines.length === 0 ? [''] : lines, initialCursorOffset);
+        return {
+            lines: lines.length === 0 ? [''] : lines,
+            cursorRow: initialCursorRow,
+            cursorCol: initialCursorCol,
+            preferredCol: null,
+            undoStack: [],
+            redoStack: [],
+            clipboard: null,
+            selectionAnchor: null,
+            viewportWidth: viewport.width,
+        };
+    }, [initialText, initialCursorOffset, viewport.width]);
+    const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(textBufferReducer, initialState);
+    const { lines, cursorRow, cursorCol, preferredCol, selectionAnchor } = state;
+    const text = useMemo(() => lines.join('\n'), [lines]);
+    const visualLayout = useMemo(() => calculateVisualLayout(lines, [cursorRow, cursorCol], state.viewportWidth), [lines, cursorRow, cursorCol, state.viewportWidth]);
+    const { visualLines, visualCursor } = visualLayout;
     const [visualScrollRow, setVisualScrollRow] = useState(0);
-    const [logicalToVisualMap, setLogicalToVisualMap] = useState([]);
-    const [visualToLogicalMap, setVisualToLogicalMap] = useState([]);
-    const currentLine = useCallback((r) => lines[r] ?? '', [lines]);
-    const currentLineLen = useCallback((r) => cpLen(currentLine(r)), [currentLine]);
-    // Recalculate visual layout whenever logical lines or viewport width changes
     useEffect(() => {
-        const layout = calculateVisualLayout(lines, [cursorRow, cursorCol], viewport.width);
-        setVisualLines(layout.visualLines);
-        setVisualCursor(layout.visualCursor);
-        setLogicalToVisualMap(layout.logicalToVisualMap);
-        setVisualToLogicalMap(layout.visualToLogicalMap);
-    }, [lines, cursorRow, cursorCol, viewport.width]);
+        if (onChange) {
+            onChange(text);
+        }
+    }, [text, onChange]);
+    useEffect(() => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'set_viewport_width', payload: viewport.width });
+    }, [viewport.width]);
     // Update visual scroll (vertical)
     useEffect(() => {
         const { height } = viewport;
@@ -333,175 +798,13 @@ export function useTextBuffer({ initialText = '', initialCursorOffset = 0, viewp
             setVisualScrollRow(newVisualScrollRow);
         }
     }, [visualCursor, visualScrollRow, viewport]);
-    const pushUndo = useCallback(() => {
-        dbg('pushUndo', { cursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol], text: lines.join('\n') });
-        const snapshot = { lines: [...lines], cursorRow, cursorCol };
-        setUndoStack((prev) => {
-            const newStack = [...prev, snapshot];
-            if (newStack.length > historyLimit) {
-                newStack.shift();
-            }
-            return newStack;
-        });
-        setRedoStack([]);
-    }, [lines, cursorRow, cursorCol, historyLimit]);
-    const _restoreState = useCallback((state) => {
-        if (!state)
-            return false;
-        setLines(state.lines);
-        setCursorRow(state.cursorRow);
-        setCursorCol(state.cursorCol);
-        return true;
-    }, []);
-    const text = lines.join('\n');
-    useEffect(() => {
-        if (onChange) {
-            onChange(text);
-        }
-    }, [text, onChange]);
-    const undo = useCallback(() => {
-        const state = undoStack[undoStack.length - 1];
-        if (!state)
-            return false;
-        setUndoStack((prev) => prev.slice(0, -1));
-        const currentSnapshot = { lines: [...lines], cursorRow, cursorCol };
-        setRedoStack((prev) => [...prev, currentSnapshot]);
-        return _restoreState(state);
-    }, [undoStack, lines, cursorRow, cursorCol, _restoreState]);
-    const redo = useCallback(() => {
-        const state = redoStack[redoStack.length - 1];
-        if (!state)
-            return false;
-        setRedoStack((prev) => prev.slice(0, -1));
-        const currentSnapshot = { lines: [...lines], cursorRow, cursorCol };
-        setUndoStack((prev) => [...prev, currentSnapshot]);
-        return _restoreState(state);
-    }, [redoStack, lines, cursorRow, cursorCol, _restoreState]);
-    const insertStr = useCallback((str) => {
-        dbg('insertStr', { str, beforeCursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol] });
-        if (str === '')
-            return false;
-        pushUndo();
-        let normalised = str.replace(/\r\n/g, '\n').replace(/\r/g, '\n');
-        normalised = stripUnsafeCharacters(normalised);
-        const parts = normalised.split('\n');
-        const newLines = [...lines];
-        const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
-        const before = cpSlice(lineContent, 0, cursorCol);
-        const after = cpSlice(lineContent, cursorCol);
-        newLines[cursorRow] = before + parts[0];
-        if (parts.length > 1) {
-            // Adjusted condition for inserting multiple lines
-            const remainingParts = parts.slice(1);
-            const lastPartOriginal = remainingParts.pop() ?? '';
-            newLines.splice(cursorRow + 1, 0, ...remainingParts);
-            newLines.splice(cursorRow + parts.length - 1, 0, lastPartOriginal + after);
-            setCursorRow(cursorRow + parts.length - 1);
-            setCursorCol(cpLen(lastPartOriginal));
-        }
-        else {
-            setCursorCol(cpLen(before) + cpLen(parts[0]));
-        }
-        setLines(newLines);
-        setPreferredCol(null);
-        return true;
-    }, [pushUndo, cursorRow, cursorCol, lines, currentLine, setPreferredCol]);
-    const applyOperations = useCallback((ops) => {
-        if (ops.length === 0)
-            return;
-        const expandedOps = [];
-        for (const op of ops) {
-            if (op.type === 'insert') {
-                let currentText = '';
-                for (const char of toCodePoints(op.payload)) {
-                    if (char.codePointAt(0) === 127) {
-                        // \x7f
-                        if (currentText.length > 0) {
-                            expandedOps.push({ type: 'insert', payload: currentText });
-                            currentText = '';
-                        }
-                        expandedOps.push({ type: 'backspace' });
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        currentText += char;
-                    }
-                }
-                if (currentText.length > 0) {
-                    expandedOps.push({ type: 'insert', payload: currentText });
-                }
-            }
-            else {
-                expandedOps.push(op);
-            }
-        }
-        if (expandedOps.length === 0) {
-            return;
-        }
-        pushUndo(); // Snapshot before applying batch of updates
-        const newLines = [...lines];
-        let newCursorRow = cursorRow;
-        let newCursorCol = cursorCol;
-        const currentLine = (r) => newLines[r] ?? '';
-        for (const op of expandedOps) {
-            if (op.type === 'insert') {
-                const str = stripUnsafeCharacters(op.payload.replace(/\r\n/g, '\n').replace(/\r/g, '\n'));
-                const parts = str.split('\n');
-                const lineContent = currentLine(newCursorRow);
-                const before = cpSlice(lineContent, 0, newCursorCol);
-                const after = cpSlice(lineContent, newCursorCol);
-                if (parts.length > 1) {
-                    newLines[newCursorRow] = before + parts[0];
-                    const remainingParts = parts.slice(1);
-                    const lastPartOriginal = remainingParts.pop() ?? '';
-                    newLines.splice(newCursorRow + 1, 0, ...remainingParts);
-                    newLines.splice(newCursorRow + parts.length - 1, 0, lastPartOriginal + after);
-                    newCursorRow = newCursorRow + parts.length - 1;
-                    newCursorCol = cpLen(lastPartOriginal);
-                }
-                else {
-                    newLines[newCursorRow] = before + parts[0] + after;
-                    newCursorCol = cpLen(before) + cpLen(parts[0]);
-                }
-            }
-            else if (op.type === 'backspace') {
-                if (newCursorCol === 0 && newCursorRow === 0)
-                    continue;
-                if (newCursorCol > 0) {
-                    const lineContent = currentLine(newCursorRow);
-                    newLines[newCursorRow] =
-                        cpSlice(lineContent, 0, newCursorCol - 1) +
-                            cpSlice(lineContent, newCursorCol);
-                    newCursorCol--;
-                }
-                else if (newCursorRow > 0) {
-                    const prevLineContent = currentLine(newCursorRow - 1);
-                    const currentLineContentVal = currentLine(newCursorRow);
-                    const newCol = cpLen(prevLineContent);
-                    newLines[newCursorRow - 1] =
-                        prevLineContent + currentLineContentVal;
-                    newLines.splice(newCursorRow, 1);
-                    newCursorRow--;
-                    newCursorCol = newCol;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        setLines(newLines);
-        setCursorRow(newCursorRow);
-        setCursorCol(newCursorCol);
-        setPreferredCol(null);
-    }, [lines, cursorRow, cursorCol, pushUndo, setPreferredCol]);
     const insert = useCallback((ch) => {
         if (/[\n\r]/.test(ch)) {
-            insertStr(ch);
+            dispatch({ type: 'insert', payload: ch });
             return;
         }
-        dbg('insert', { ch, beforeCursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol] });
-        ch = stripUnsafeCharacters(ch);
-        // Arbitrary threshold to avoid false positives on normal key presses
-        // while still detecting virtually all reasonable length file paths.
         const minLengthToInferAsDragDrop = 3;
         if (ch.length >= minLengthToInferAsDragDrop) {
-            // Possible drag and drop of a file path.
             let potentialPath = ch;
             if (potentialPath.length > 2 &&
                 potentialPath.startsWith("'") &&
@@ -509,433 +812,60 @@ export function useTextBuffer({ initialText = '', initialCursorOffset = 0, viewp
                 potentialPath = ch.slice(1, -1);
             }
             potentialPath = potentialPath.trim();
-            // Be conservative and only add an @ if the path is valid.
             if (isValidPath(unescapePath(potentialPath))) {
                 ch = `@${potentialPath}`;
             }
         }
-        applyOperations([{ type: 'insert', payload: ch }]);
-    }, [applyOperations, cursorRow, cursorCol, isValidPath, insertStr]);
-    const newline = useCallback(() => {
-        dbg('newline', { beforeCursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol] });
-        applyOperations([{ type: 'insert', payload: '\n' }]);
-    }, [applyOperations, cursorRow, cursorCol]);
-    const backspace = useCallback(() => {
-        dbg('backspace', { beforeCursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol] });
-        if (cursorCol === 0 && cursorRow === 0)
-            return;
-        applyOperations([{ type: 'backspace' }]);
-    }, [applyOperations, cursorRow, cursorCol]);
-    const del = useCallback(() => {
-        dbg('delete', { beforeCursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol] });
-        const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
-        if (cursorCol < currentLineLen(cursorRow)) {
-            pushUndo();
-            setLines((prevLines) => {
-                const newLines = [...prevLines];
-                newLines[cursorRow] =
-                    cpSlice(lineContent, 0, cursorCol) +
-                        cpSlice(lineContent, cursorCol + 1);
-                return newLines;
-            });
-        }
-        else if (cursorRow < lines.length - 1) {
-            pushUndo();
-            const nextLineContent = currentLine(cursorRow + 1);
-            setLines((prevLines) => {
-                const newLines = [...prevLines];
-                newLines[cursorRow] = lineContent + nextLineContent;
-                newLines.splice(cursorRow + 1, 1);
-                return newLines;
-            });
-        }
-        // cursor position does not change for del
-        setPreferredCol(null);
-    }, [
-        pushUndo,
-        cursorRow,
-        cursorCol,
-        currentLine,
-        currentLineLen,
-        lines.length,
-        setPreferredCol,
-    ]);
-    const setText = useCallback((newText) => {
-        dbg('setText', { text: newText });
-        pushUndo();
-        const newContentLines = newText.replace(/\r\n?/g, '\n').split('\n');
-        setLines(newContentLines.length === 0 ? [''] : newContentLines);
-        // Set logical cursor to the end of the new text
-        const lastNewLineIndex = newContentLines.length - 1;
-        setCursorRow(lastNewLineIndex);
-        setCursorCol(cpLen(newContentLines[lastNewLineIndex] ?? ''));
-        setPreferredCol(null);
-    }, [pushUndo, setPreferredCol]);
-    const replaceRange = useCallback((startRow, startCol, endRow, endCol, replacementText) => {
-        if (startRow > endRow ||
-            (startRow === endRow && startCol > endCol) ||
-            startRow < 0 ||
-            startCol < 0 ||
-            endRow >= lines.length ||
-            (endRow < lines.length && endCol > currentLineLen(endRow))) {
-            console.error('Invalid range provided to replaceRange', {
-                startRow,
-                startCol,
-                endRow,
-                endCol,
-                linesLength: lines.length,
-                endRowLineLength: currentLineLen(endRow),
-            });
-            return false;
-        }
-        dbg('replaceRange', {
-            start: [startRow, startCol],
-            end: [endRow, endCol],
-            text: replacementText,
-        });
-        pushUndo();
-        const sCol = clamp(startCol, 0, currentLineLen(startRow));
-        const eCol = clamp(endCol, 0, currentLineLen(endRow));
-        const prefix = cpSlice(currentLine(startRow), 0, sCol);
-        const suffix = cpSlice(currentLine(endRow), eCol);
-        const normalisedReplacement = replacementText
-            .replace(/\r\n/g, '\n')
-            .replace(/\r/g, '\n');
-        const replacementParts = normalisedReplacement.split('\n');
-        setLines((prevLines) => {
-            const newLines = [...prevLines];
-            // Remove lines between startRow and endRow (exclusive of startRow, inclusive of endRow if different)
-            if (startRow < endRow) {
-                newLines.splice(startRow + 1, endRow - startRow);
-            }
-            // Construct the new content for the startRow
-            newLines[startRow] = prefix + replacementParts[0];
-            // If replacementText has multiple lines, insert them
-            if (replacementParts.length > 1) {
-                const lastReplacementPart = replacementParts.pop() ?? ''; // parts are already split by \n
-                // Insert middle parts (if any)
-                if (replacementParts.length > 1) {
-                    // parts[0] is already used
-                    newLines.splice(startRow + 1, 0, ...replacementParts.slice(1));
-                }
-                // The line where the last part of the replacement will go
-                const targetRowForLastPart = startRow + (replacementParts.length - 1); // -1 because parts[0] is on startRow
-                // If the last part is not the first part (multi-line replacement)
-                if (targetRowForLastPart > startRow ||
-                    (replacementParts.length === 1 && lastReplacementPart !== '')) {
-                    // If the target row for the last part doesn't exist (because it's a new line created by replacement)
-                    // ensure it's created before trying to append suffix.
-                    // This case should be handled by splice if replacementParts.length > 1
-                    // For single line replacement that becomes multi-line due to parts.length > 1 logic, this is tricky.
-                    // Let's assume newLines[targetRowForLastPart] exists due to previous splice or it's newLines[startRow]
-                    if (newLines[targetRowForLastPart] === undefined &&
-                        targetRowForLastPart === startRow + 1 &&
-                        replacementParts.length === 1) {
-                        // This implies a single line replacement that became two lines.
-                        // e.g. "abc" replace "b" with "B\nC" -> "aB", "C", "c"
-                        // Here, lastReplacementPart is "C", targetRowForLastPart is startRow + 1
-                        newLines.splice(targetRowForLastPart, 0, lastReplacementPart + suffix);
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        newLines[targetRowForLastPart] =
-                            (newLines[targetRowForLastPart] || '') +
-                                lastReplacementPart +
-                                suffix;
-                    }
-                }
-                else {
-                    // Single line in replacementParts, but it was the only part
-                    newLines[startRow] += suffix;
+        let currentText = '';
+        for (const char of toCodePoints(ch)) {
+            if (char.codePointAt(0) === 127) {
+                if (currentText.length > 0) {
+                    dispatch({ type: 'insert', payload: currentText });
+                    currentText = '';
                 }
-                setCursorRow(targetRowForLastPart);
-                setCursorCol(cpLen(newLines[targetRowForLastPart]) - cpLen(suffix));
+                dispatch({ type: 'backspace' });
             }
             else {
-                // Single line replacement (replacementParts has only one item)
-                newLines[startRow] += suffix;
-                setCursorRow(startRow);
-                setCursorCol(cpLen(prefix) + cpLen(replacementParts[0]));
+                currentText += char;
             }
-            return newLines;
-        });
-        setPreferredCol(null);
-        return true;
-    }, [pushUndo, lines, currentLine, currentLineLen, setPreferredCol]);
-    const deleteWordLeft = useCallback(() => {
-        dbg('deleteWordLeft', { beforeCursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol] });
-        if (cursorCol === 0 && cursorRow === 0)
-            return;
-        if (cursorCol === 0) {
-            backspace();
-            return;
         }
-        pushUndo();
-        const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
-        const arr = toCodePoints(lineContent);
-        let start = cursorCol;
-        let onlySpaces = true;
-        for (let i = 0; i < start; i++) {
-            if (isWordChar(arr[i])) {
-                onlySpaces = false;
-                break;
-            }
+        if (currentText.length > 0) {
+            dispatch({ type: 'insert', payload: currentText });
         }
-        if (onlySpaces && start > 0) {
-            start--;
-        }
-        else {
-            while (start > 0 && !isWordChar(arr[start - 1]))
-                start--;
-            while (start > 0 && isWordChar(arr[start - 1]))
-                start--;
-        }
-        setLines((prevLines) => {
-            const newLines = [...prevLines];
-            newLines[cursorRow] =
-                cpSlice(lineContent, 0, start) + cpSlice(lineContent, cursorCol);
-            return newLines;
-        });
-        setCursorCol(start);
-        setPreferredCol(null);
-    }, [pushUndo, cursorRow, cursorCol, currentLine, backspace, setPreferredCol]);
+    }, [isValidPath]);
+    const newline = useCallback(() => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'insert', payload: '\n' });
+    }, []);
+    const backspace = useCallback(() => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'backspace' });
+    }, []);
+    const del = useCallback(() => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'delete' });
+    }, []);
+    const move = useCallback((dir) => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'move', payload: { dir } });
+    }, []);
+    const undo = useCallback(() => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'undo' });
+    }, []);
+    const redo = useCallback(() => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'redo' });
+    }, []);
+    const setText = useCallback((newText) => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'set_text', payload: newText });
+    }, []);
+    const deleteWordLeft = useCallback(() => {
+        dispatch({ type: 'delete_word_left' });
+    }, []);
     const deleteWordRight = useCallback(() => {
-        dbg('deleteWordRight', { beforeCursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol] });
-        const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
-        const arr = toCodePoints(lineContent);
-        if (cursorCol >= arr.length && cursorRow === lines.length - 1)
-            return;
-        if (cursorCol >= arr.length) {
-            del();
-            return;
-        }
-        pushUndo();
-        let end = cursorCol;
-        while (end < arr.length && !isWordChar(arr[end]))
-            end++;
-        while (end < arr.length && isWordChar(arr[end]))
-            end++;
-        setLines((prevLines) => {
-            const newLines = [...prevLines];
-            newLines[cursorRow] =
-                cpSlice(lineContent, 0, cursorCol) + cpSlice(lineContent, end);
-            return newLines;
-        });
-        setPreferredCol(null);
-    }, [
-        pushUndo,
-        cursorRow,
-        cursorCol,
-        currentLine,
-        del,
-        lines.length,
-        setPreferredCol,
-    ]);
+        dispatch({ type: 'delete_word_right' });
+    }, []);
     const killLineRight = useCallback(() => {
-        const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
-        if (cursorCol < currentLineLen(cursorRow)) {
-            // Cursor is before the end of the line's content, delete text to the right
-            pushUndo();
-            setLines((prevLines) => {
-                const newLines = [...prevLines];
-                newLines[cursorRow] = cpSlice(lineContent, 0, cursorCol);
-                return newLines;
-            });
-            // Cursor position and preferredCol do not change in this case
-        }
-        else if (cursorCol === currentLineLen(cursorRow) &&
-            cursorRow < lines.length - 1) {
-            // Cursor is at the end of the line's content (or line is empty),
-            // and it's not the last line. Delete the newline.
-            // `del()` handles pushUndo and setPreferredCol.
-            del();
-        }
-        // If cursor is at the end of the line and it's the last line, do nothing.
-    }, [
-        pushUndo,
-        cursorRow,
-        cursorCol,
-        currentLine,
-        currentLineLen,
-        lines.length,
-        del,
-    ]);
+        dispatch({ type: 'kill_line_right' });
+    }, []);
     const killLineLeft = useCallback(() => {
-        const lineContent = currentLine(cursorRow);
-        // Only act if the cursor is not at the beginning of the line
-        if (cursorCol > 0) {
-            pushUndo();
-            setLines((prevLines) => {
-                const newLines = [...prevLines];
-                newLines[cursorRow] = cpSlice(lineContent, cursorCol);
-                return newLines;
-            });
-            setCursorCol(0);
-            setPreferredCol(null);
-        }
-    }, [pushUndo, cursorRow, cursorCol, currentLine, setPreferredCol]);
-    const move = useCallback((dir) => {
-        let newVisualRow = visualCursor[0];
-        let newVisualCol = visualCursor[1];
-        let newPreferredCol = preferredCol;
-        const currentVisLineLen = cpLen(visualLines[newVisualRow] ?? '');
-        switch (dir) {
-            case 'left':
-                newPreferredCol = null;
-                if (newVisualCol > 0) {
-                    newVisualCol--;
-                }
-                else if (newVisualRow > 0) {
-                    newVisualRow--;
-                    newVisualCol = cpLen(visualLines[newVisualRow] ?? '');
-                }
-                break;
-            case 'right':
-                newPreferredCol = null;
-                if (newVisualCol < currentVisLineLen) {
-                    newVisualCol++;
-                }
-                else if (newVisualRow < visualLines.length - 1) {
-                    newVisualRow++;
-                    newVisualCol = 0;
-                }
-                break;
-            case 'up':
-                if (newVisualRow > 0) {
-                    if (newPreferredCol === null)
-                        newPreferredCol = newVisualCol;
-                    newVisualRow--;
-                    newVisualCol = clamp(newPreferredCol, 0, cpLen(visualLines[newVisualRow] ?? ''));
-                }
-                break;
-            case 'down':
-                if (newVisualRow < visualLines.length - 1) {
-                    if (newPreferredCol === null)
-                        newPreferredCol = newVisualCol;
-                    newVisualRow++;
-                    newVisualCol = clamp(newPreferredCol, 0, cpLen(visualLines[newVisualRow] ?? ''));
-                }
-                break;
-            case 'home':
-                newPreferredCol = null;
-                newVisualCol = 0;
-                break;
-            case 'end':
-                newPreferredCol = null;
-                newVisualCol = currentVisLineLen;
-                break;
-            // wordLeft and wordRight might need more sophisticated visual handling
-            // For now, they operate on the logical line derived from the visual cursor
-            case 'wordLeft': {
-                newPreferredCol = null;
-                if (visualToLogicalMap.length === 0 ||
-                    logicalToVisualMap.length === 0)
-                    break;
-                const [logRow, logColInitial] = visualToLogicalMap[newVisualRow] ?? [
-                    0, 0,
-                ];
-                const currentLogCol = logColInitial + newVisualCol;
-                const lineText = lines[logRow];
-                const sliceToCursor = cpSlice(lineText, 0, currentLogCol).replace(/[\s,.;!?]+$/, '');
-                let lastIdx = 0;
-                const regex = /[\s,.;!?]+/g;
-                let m;
-                while ((m = regex.exec(sliceToCursor)) != null)
-                    lastIdx = m.index;
-                const newLogicalCol = lastIdx === 0 ? 0 : cpLen(sliceToCursor.slice(0, lastIdx)) + 1;
-                // Map newLogicalCol back to visual
-                const targetLogicalMapEntries = logicalToVisualMap[logRow];
-                if (!targetLogicalMapEntries)
-                    break;
-                for (let i = targetLogicalMapEntries.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-                    const [visRow, logStartCol] = targetLogicalMapEntries[i];
-                    if (newLogicalCol >= logStartCol) {
-                        newVisualRow = visRow;
-                        newVisualCol = newLogicalCol - logStartCol;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-            case 'wordRight': {
-                newPreferredCol = null;
-                if (visualToLogicalMap.length === 0 ||
-                    logicalToVisualMap.length === 0)
-                    break;
-                const [logRow, logColInitial] = visualToLogicalMap[newVisualRow] ?? [
-                    0, 0,
-                ];
-                const currentLogCol = logColInitial + newVisualCol;
-                const lineText = lines[logRow];
-                const regex = /[\s,.;!?]+/g;
-                let moved = false;
-                let m;
-                let newLogicalCol = currentLineLen(logRow); // Default to end of logical line
-                while ((m = regex.exec(lineText)) != null) {
-                    const cpIdx = cpLen(lineText.slice(0, m.index));
-                    if (cpIdx > currentLogCol) {
-                        newLogicalCol = cpIdx;
-                        moved = true;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                if (!moved && currentLogCol < currentLineLen(logRow)) {
-                    // If no word break found after cursor, move to end
-                    newLogicalCol = currentLineLen(logRow);
-                }
-                // Map newLogicalCol back to visual
-                const targetLogicalMapEntries = logicalToVisualMap[logRow];
-                if (!targetLogicalMapEntries)
-                    break;
-                for (let i = 0; i < targetLogicalMapEntries.length; i++) {
-                    const [visRow, logStartCol] = targetLogicalMapEntries[i];
-                    const nextLogStartCol = i + 1 < targetLogicalMapEntries.length
-                        ? targetLogicalMapEntries[i + 1][1]
-                        : Infinity;
-                    if (newLogicalCol >= logStartCol &&
-                        newLogicalCol < nextLogStartCol) {
-                        newVisualRow = visRow;
-                        newVisualCol = newLogicalCol - logStartCol;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    if (newLogicalCol === logStartCol &&
-                        i === targetLogicalMapEntries.length - 1 &&
-                        cpLen(visualLines[visRow] ?? '') === 0) {
-                        // Special case: moving to an empty visual line at the end of a logical line
-                        newVisualRow = visRow;
-                        newVisualCol = 0;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-            default:
-                break;
-        }
-        setVisualCursor([newVisualRow, newVisualCol]);
-        setPreferredCol(newPreferredCol);
-        // Update logical cursor based on new visual cursor
-        if (visualToLogicalMap[newVisualRow]) {
-            const [logRow, logStartCol] = visualToLogicalMap[newVisualRow];
-            setCursorRow(logRow);
-            setCursorCol(clamp(logStartCol + newVisualCol, 0, currentLineLen(logRow)));
-        }
-        dbg('move', {
-            dir,
-            visualBefore: visualCursor,
-            visualAfter: [newVisualRow, newVisualCol],
-            logicalAfter: [cursorRow, cursorCol],
-        });
-    }, [
-        visualCursor,
-        visualLines,
-        preferredCol,
-        lines,
-        currentLineLen,
-        visualToLogicalMap,
-        logicalToVisualMap,
-        cursorCol,
-        cursorRow,
-    ]);
+        dispatch({ type: 'kill_line_left' });
+    }, []);
     const openInExternalEditor = useCallback(async (opts = {}) => {
         const editor = opts.editor ??
             process.env['VISUAL'] ??
@@ -944,7 +874,7 @@ export function useTextBuffer({ initialText = '', initialCursorOffset = 0, viewp
         const tmpDir = fs.mkdtempSync(pathMod.join(os.tmpdir(), 'gemini-edit-'));
         const filePath = pathMod.join(tmpDir, 'buffer.txt');
         fs.writeFileSync(filePath, text, 'utf8');
-        pushUndo(); // Snapshot before external edit
+        dispatch({ type: 'create_undo_snapshot' });
         const wasRaw = stdin?.isRaw ?? false;
         try {
             setRawMode?.(false);
@@ -957,11 +887,10 @@ export function useTextBuffer({ initialText = '', initialCursorOffset = 0, viewp
                 throw new Error(`External editor exited with status ${status}`);
             let newText = fs.readFileSync(filePath, 'utf8');
             newText = newText.replace(/\r\n?/g, '\n');
-            setText(newText);
+            dispatch({ type: 'set_text', payload: newText, pushToUndo: false });
         }
         catch (err) {
             console.error('[useTextBuffer] external editor error', err);
-            // TODO(jacobr): potentially revert or handle error state.
         }
         finally {
             if (wasRaw)
@@ -979,19 +908,9 @@ export function useTextBuffer({ initialText = '', initialCursorOffset = 0, viewp
                 /* ignore */
             }
         }
-    }, [text, pushUndo, stdin, setRawMode, setText]);
+    }, [text, stdin, setRawMode]);
     const handleInput = useCallback((key) => {
         const { sequence: input } = key;
-        dbg('handleInput', {
-            key,
-            cursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol],
-            visualCursor,
-        });
-        const beforeText = text;
-        const beforeLogicalCursor = [cursorRow, cursorCol];
-        const beforeVisualCursor = [...visualCursor];
-        if (key.name === 'escape')
-            return false;
         if (key.name === 'return' ||
             input === '\r' ||
             input === '\n' ||
@@ -1042,47 +961,22 @@ export function useTextBuffer({ initialText = '', initialCursorOffset = 0, viewp
         else if (input && !key.ctrl && !key.meta) {
             insert(input);
         }
-        const textChanged = text !== beforeText;
-        // After operations, visualCursor might not be immediately updated if the change
-        // was to `lines`, `cursorRow`, or `cursorCol` which then triggers the useEffect.
-        // So, for return value, we check logical cursor change.
-        const cursorChanged = cursorRow !== beforeLogicalCursor[0] ||
-            cursorCol !== beforeLogicalCursor[1] ||
-            visualCursor[0] !== beforeVisualCursor[0] ||
-            visualCursor[1] !== beforeVisualCursor[1];
-        dbg('handleInput:after', {
-            cursor: [cursorRow, cursorCol],
-            visualCursor,
-            text,
-        });
-        return textChanged || cursorChanged;
-    }, [
-        text,
-        cursorRow,
-        cursorCol,
-        visualCursor,
-        newline,
-        move,
-        deleteWordLeft,
-        deleteWordRight,
-        backspace,
-        del,
-        insert,
-    ]);
+    }, [newline, move, deleteWordLeft, deleteWordRight, backspace, del, insert]);
     const renderedVisualLines = useMemo(() => visualLines.slice(visualScrollRow, visualScrollRow + viewport.height), [visualLines, visualScrollRow, viewport.height]);
+    const replaceRange = useCallback((startRow, startCol, endRow, endCol, text) => {
+        dispatch({
+            type: 'replace_range',
+            payload: { startRow, startCol, endRow, endCol, text },
+        });
+    }, []);
     const replaceRangeByOffset = useCallback((startOffset, endOffset, replacementText) => {
-        dbg('replaceRangeByOffset', { startOffset, endOffset, replacementText });
         const [startRow, startCol] = offsetToLogicalPos(text, startOffset);
         const [endRow, endCol] = offsetToLogicalPos(text, endOffset);
-        return replaceRange(startRow, startCol, endRow, endCol, replacementText);
+        replaceRange(startRow, startCol, endRow, endCol, replacementText);
     }, [text, replaceRange]);
     const moveToOffset = useCallback((offset) => {
-        const [newRow, newCol] = offsetToLogicalPos(text, offset);
-        setCursorRow(newRow);
-        setCursorCol(newCol);
-        setPreferredCol(null);
-        dbg('moveToOffset', { offset, newCursor: [newRow, newCol] });
-    }, [text, setPreferredCol]);
+        dispatch({ type: 'move_to_offset', payload: { offset } });
+    }, []);
     const returnValue = {
         lines,
         text,
@@ -1103,43 +997,13 @@ export function useTextBuffer({ initialText = '', initialCursorOffset = 0, viewp
         redo,
         replaceRange,
         replaceRangeByOffset,
-        moveToOffset, // Added here
+        moveToOffset,
         deleteWordLeft,
         deleteWordRight,
         killLineRight,
         killLineLeft,
         handleInput,
         openInExternalEditor,
-        applyOperations,
-        copy: useCallback(() => {
-            if (!selectionAnchor)
-                return null;
-            const [ar, ac] = selectionAnchor;
-            const [br, bc] = [cursorRow, cursorCol];
-            if (ar === br && ac === bc)
-                return null;
-            const topBefore = ar < br || (ar === br && ac < bc);
-            const [sr, sc, er, ec] = topBefore ? [ar, ac, br, bc] : [br, bc, ar, ac];
-            let selectedTextVal;
-            if (sr === er) {
-                selectedTextVal = cpSlice(currentLine(sr), sc, ec);
-            }
-            else {
-                const parts = [cpSlice(currentLine(sr), sc)];
-                for (let r = sr + 1; r < er; r++)
-                    parts.push(currentLine(r));
-                parts.push(cpSlice(currentLine(er), 0, ec));
-                selectedTextVal = parts.join('\n');
-            }
-            setClipboard(selectedTextVal);
-            return selectedTextVal;
-        }, [selectionAnchor, cursorRow, cursorCol, currentLine, setClipboard]),
-        paste: useCallback(() => {
-            if (clipboard === null)
-                return false;
-            return insertStr(clipboard);
-        }, [clipboard, insertStr]),
-        startSelection: useCallback(() => setSelectionAnchor([cursorRow, cursorCol]), [cursorRow, cursorCol, setSelectionAnchor]),
     };
     return returnValue;
 }