@gencow/core 0.1.23 → 0.1.25

package/src/__tests__/network-sim.test.ts

@@ -18,164 +18,178 @@
  */
 
 import { describe, it, expect } from "bun:test";
-import { buildRealtimeCtx, subscribe, deregisterClient } from "../reactive";
+import { buildRealtimeCtx, subscribe, deregisterClient } from "../reactive.js";
 
 // ─── 네트워크 조건 정의 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 interface NetworkProfile {
-    name: string;
-    p50LatencyMs: number;   // 중간값 지연
-    p99LatencyMs: number;   // 99번째 백분위 지연
-    lossRate: number;       // 패킷 손실률 0~1
+  name: string;
+  p50LatencyMs: number; // 중간값 지연
+  p99LatencyMs: number; // 99번째 백분위 지연
+  lossRate: number; // 패킷 손실률 0~1
 }
 
 const PROFILES: Record<string, NetworkProfile> = {
-    LAN: { name: "LAN", p50LatencyMs: 0.5, p99LatencyMs: 2, lossRate: 0.000 },
-    WAN: { name: "WAN", p50LatencyMs: 30, p99LatencyMs: 120, lossRate: 0.001 },
-    Mobile: { name: "Mobile 4G", p50LatencyMs: 80, p99LatencyMs: 400, lossRate: 0.020 },
-    Congested: { name: "혼잡", p50LatencyMs: 200, p99LatencyMs: 2000, lossRate: 0.050 },
+  LAN: { name: "LAN", p50LatencyMs: 0.5, p99LatencyMs: 2, lossRate: 0.0 },
+  WAN: { name: "WAN", p50LatencyMs: 30, p99LatencyMs: 120, lossRate: 0.001 },
+  Mobile: { name: "Mobile 4G", p50LatencyMs: 80, p99LatencyMs: 400, lossRate: 0.02 },
+  Congested: { name: "혼잡", p50LatencyMs: 200, p99LatencyMs: 2000, lossRate: 0.05 },
 };
 
 // ─── 네트워크 지연 샘플러 (log-normal 분포 근사) ────────────────────────────
 // log-normal은 실제 네트워크 지연 분포와 유사함
 
 function sampleLatency(p50: number, p99: number): number {
-    // log-normal: μ = ln(p50), σ 역산
-    const mu = Math.log(p50);
-    const sigma = (Math.log(p99) - mu) / 2.326; // z=2.326 = 99th percentile
-    // Box-Muller transform
-    const u1 = Math.random();
-    const u2 = Math.random();
-    const z = Math.sqrt(-2 * Math.log(u1)) * Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * u2);
-    return Math.max(0, Math.exp(mu + sigma * z));
+  // log-normal: μ = ln(p50), σ 역산
+  const mu = Math.log(p50);
+  const sigma = (Math.log(p99) - mu) / 2.326; // z=2.326 = 99th percentile
+  // Box-Muller transform
+  const u1 = Math.random();
+  const u2 = Math.random();
+  const z = Math.sqrt(-2 * Math.log(u1)) * Math.cos(2 * Math.PI * u2);
+  return Math.max(0, Math.exp(mu + sigma * z));
 }
 
 // ─── 네트워크 시뮬레이션 WS mock ─────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 function makeNetworkWs(profile: NetworkProfile) {
-    const deliveryTimes: number[] = [];
-    let dropped = 0;
-    let sendCallCount = 0;
-    const sendStart = performance.now();
-
-    return {
-        send: (msg: string) => {
-            sendCallCount++;
-            // 패킷 손실 시뮬레이션
-            if (Math.random() < profile.lossRate) {
-                dropped++;
-                return; // 손실 — 전달 안 됨
-            }
-            // 지연 시뮬레이션 (비동기 — 실제 I/O 기다림)
-            const latency = sampleLatency(profile.p50LatencyMs, profile.p99LatencyMs);
-            setTimeout(() => {
-                deliveryTimes.push(performance.now() - sendStart);
-            }, latency);
-        },
-        readyState: 1,
-        get deliveryTimes() { return deliveryTimes; },
-        get dropped() { return dropped; },
-        get sendCallCount() { return sendCallCount; },
-    } as any;
+  const deliveryTimes: number[] = [];
+  let dropped = 0;
+  let sendCallCount = 0;
+  const sendStart = performance.now();
+
+  return {
+    send: (msg: string) => {
+      sendCallCount++;
+      // 패킷 손실 시뮬레이션
+      if (Math.random() < profile.lossRate) {
+        dropped++;
+        return; // 손실 — 전달 안 됨
+      }
+      // 지연 시뮬레이션 (비동기 — 실제 I/O 기다림)
+      const latency = sampleLatency(profile.p50LatencyMs, profile.p99LatencyMs);
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        deliveryTimes.push(performance.now() - sendStart);
+      }, latency);
+    },
+    readyState: 1,
+    get deliveryTimes() {
+      return deliveryTimes;
+    },
+    get dropped() {
+      return dropped;
+    },
+    get sendCallCount() {
+      return sendCallCount;
+    },
+  } as any;
 }
 
 // ─── 퍼센타일 계산 ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 function percentile(sorted: number[], p: number): number {
-    if (sorted.length === 0) return 0;
-    const idx = Math.ceil((p / 100) * sorted.length) - 1;
-    return sorted[Math.max(0, idx)];
+  if (sorted.length === 0) return 0;
+  const idx = Math.ceil((p / 100) * sorted.length) - 1;
+  return sorted[Math.max(0, idx)];
 }
 
 function stats(times: number[]) {
-    const sorted = [...times].sort((a, b) => a - b);
-    return {
-        count: sorted.length,
-        p50: percentile(sorted, 50),
-        p95: percentile(sorted, 95),
-        p99: percentile(sorted, 99),
-        max: sorted[sorted.length - 1] ?? 0,
-    };
+  const sorted = [...times].sort((a, b) => a - b);
+  return {
+    count: sorted.length,
+    p50: percentile(sorted, 50),
+    p95: percentile(sorted, 95),
+    p99: percentile(sorted, 99),
+    max: sorted[sorted.length - 1] ?? 0,
+  };
 }
 
-const wait = (ms: number) => new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, ms));
-function key() { return `net.${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`; }
+const wait = (ms: number) => new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, ms));
+function key() {
+  return `net.${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`;
+}
 
 // ─── 1. LAN 환경 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 describe("[NetSim] LAN 환경 (P50=0.5ms, 손실 0%)", () => {
-    it("1,000 구독자 전체 delivery P99 < 10ms", async () => {
-        const N = 1_000;
-        const k = key();
-        const profile = PROFILES.LAN;
-        const clients = Array.from({ length: N }, () => makeNetworkWs(profile));
-        clients.forEach(ws => subscribe(k, ws));
-
-        buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
-        await wait(60 + 20); // debounce + max LAN latency
-
-        const allTimes = clients.flatMap(ws => ws.deliveryTimes);
-        const s = stats(allTimes);
-        const successRate = (s.count / N) * 100;
-
-        console.log(`[LAN] delivered=${s.count}/${N} (${successRate.toFixed(1)}%), P50=${s.p50.toFixed(1)}ms P95=${s.p95.toFixed(1)}ms P99=${s.p99.toFixed(1)}ms`);
-
-        expect(s.count).toBe(N); // 손실 없음
-        expect(s.p99).toBeLessThan(200); // debounce(50) + LAN P99(2) + margin
-        clients.forEach(ws => deregisterClient(ws));
-    });
+  it("1,000 구독자 전체 delivery P99 < 10ms", async () => {
+    const N = 1_000;
+    const k = key();
+    const profile = PROFILES.LAN;
+    const clients = Array.from({ length: N }, () => makeNetworkWs(profile));
+    clients.forEach((ws) => subscribe(k, ws));
+
+    buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
+    await wait(60 + 20); // debounce + max LAN latency
+
+    const allTimes = clients.flatMap((ws) => ws.deliveryTimes);
+    const s = stats(allTimes);
+    const successRate = (s.count / N) * 100;
+
+    console.log(
+      `[LAN] delivered=${s.count}/${N} (${successRate.toFixed(1)}%), P50=${s.p50.toFixed(1)}ms P95=${s.p95.toFixed(1)}ms P99=${s.p99.toFixed(1)}ms`,
+    );
+
+    expect(s.count).toBe(N); // 손실 없음
+    expect(s.p99).toBeLessThan(200); // debounce(50) + LAN P99(2) + margin
+    clients.forEach((ws) => deregisterClient(ws));
+  });
 });
 
 // ─── 2. WAN 환경 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 describe("[NetSim] WAN 환경 (P50=30ms, 손실 0.1%)", () => {
-    it("1,000 구독자 전체 delivery P95 < 300ms, 수신률 99% 이상", async () => {
-        const N = 1_000;
-        const k = key();
-        const profile = PROFILES.WAN;
-        const clients = Array.from({ length: N }, () => makeNetworkWs(profile));
-        clients.forEach(ws => subscribe(k, ws));
-
-        buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
-        await wait(60 + 300); // debounce + WAN P99
-
-        const allTimes = clients.flatMap(ws => ws.deliveryTimes);
-        const s = stats(allTimes);
-        const successRate = (s.count / N) * 100;
-        const dropped = clients.reduce((a, ws) => a + ws.dropped, 0);
-
-        console.log(`[WAN] delivered=${s.count}/${N} (${successRate.toFixed(2)}%), dropped=${dropped}, P50=${s.p50.toFixed(1)}ms P95=${s.p95.toFixed(1)}ms P99=${s.p99.toFixed(1)}ms`);
-
-        expect(successRate).toBeGreaterThan(99);    // 0.1% 손실 → 99% 이상 수신
-        expect(s.p95).toBeLessThan(300);
-        clients.forEach(ws => deregisterClient(ws));
-    });
+  it("1,000 구독자 전체 delivery P95 < 300ms, 수신률 99% 이상", async () => {
+    const N = 1_000;
+    const k = key();
+    const profile = PROFILES.WAN;
+    const clients = Array.from({ length: N }, () => makeNetworkWs(profile));
+    clients.forEach((ws) => subscribe(k, ws));
+
+    buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
+    await wait(60 + 300); // debounce + WAN P99
+
+    const allTimes = clients.flatMap((ws) => ws.deliveryTimes);
+    const s = stats(allTimes);
+    const successRate = (s.count / N) * 100;
+    const dropped = clients.reduce((a, ws) => a + ws.dropped, 0);
+
+    console.log(
+      `[WAN] delivered=${s.count}/${N} (${successRate.toFixed(2)}%), dropped=${dropped}, P50=${s.p50.toFixed(1)}ms P95=${s.p95.toFixed(1)}ms P99=${s.p99.toFixed(1)}ms`,
+    );
+
+    expect(successRate).toBeGreaterThan(99); // 0.1% 손실 → 99% 이상 수신
+    expect(s.p95).toBeLessThan(300);
+    clients.forEach((ws) => deregisterClient(ws));
+  });
 });
 
 // ─── 3. 모바일 환경 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 describe("[NetSim] Mobile 4G 환경 (P50=80ms, 손실 2%)", () => {
-    it("500 구독자 전체 delivery P95 < 700ms, 수신률 95% 이상", async () => {
-        const N = 500;
-        const k = key();
-        const profile = PROFILES.Mobile;
-        const clients = Array.from({ length: N }, () => makeNetworkWs(profile));
-        clients.forEach(ws => subscribe(k, ws));
-
-        buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
-        await wait(60 + 600); // debounce + Mobile P99
-
-        const allTimes = clients.flatMap(ws => ws.deliveryTimes);
-        const s = stats(allTimes);
-        const successRate = (s.count / N) * 100;
-        const dropped = clients.reduce((a, ws) => a + ws.dropped, 0);
-
-        console.log(`[Mobile] delivered=${s.count}/${N} (${successRate.toFixed(2)}%), dropped=${dropped}, P50=${s.p50.toFixed(1)}ms P95=${s.p95.toFixed(1)}ms P99=${s.p99.toFixed(1)}ms`);
-
-        expect(successRate).toBeGreaterThan(95); // 2% 손실 → 95%+ 수신
-        expect(s.p95).toBeLessThan(700);
-        clients.forEach(ws => deregisterClient(ws));
-    });
+  it("500 구독자 전체 delivery P95 < 700ms, 수신률 95% 이상", async () => {
+    const N = 500;
+    const k = key();
+    const profile = PROFILES.Mobile;
+    const clients = Array.from({ length: N }, () => makeNetworkWs(profile));
+    clients.forEach((ws) => subscribe(k, ws));
+
+    buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
+    await wait(60 + 600); // debounce + Mobile P99
+
+    const allTimes = clients.flatMap((ws) => ws.deliveryTimes);
+    const s = stats(allTimes);
+    const successRate = (s.count / N) * 100;
+    const dropped = clients.reduce((a, ws) => a + ws.dropped, 0);
+
+    console.log(
+      `[Mobile] delivered=${s.count}/${N} (${successRate.toFixed(2)}%), dropped=${dropped}, P50=${s.p50.toFixed(1)}ms P95=${s.p95.toFixed(1)}ms P99=${s.p99.toFixed(1)}ms`,
+    );
+
+    expect(successRate).toBeGreaterThan(95); // 2% 손실 → 95%+ 수신
+    expect(s.p95).toBeLessThan(700);
+    clients.forEach((ws) => deregisterClient(ws));
+  });
 });
 
 // ─── 4. Slow Client (back-pressure) 격리 ─────────────────────────────────────
@@ -184,113 +198,122 @@ describe("[NetSim] Mobile 4G 환경 (P50=80ms, 손실 2%)", () => {
 // (현재 구현: for loop의 send()가 동기적으로 setTimeout만 등록하므로 격리됨)
 
 describe("[NetSim] Slow client back-pressure 격리", () => {
-    it("일부 slow client가 있어도 fast client 전달 시간은 영향 없다", async () => {
-        const N_FAST = 900;
-        const N_SLOW = 100;
-        const k = key();
-
-        const fastClients = Array.from({ length: N_FAST }, () => makeNetworkWs(PROFILES.LAN));
-        const slowClients = Array.from({ length: N_SLOW }, () => makeNetworkWs(PROFILES.Congested));
-
-        fastClients.forEach(ws => subscribe(k, ws));
-        slowClients.forEach(ws => subscribe(k, ws));
-
-        const emitStart = performance.now();
-        buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
-        await wait(60 + 30); // debounce + LAN P99만 기다림 (slow client는 아직 미도달)
-        const elapsed = performance.now() - emitStart;
-
-        const fastDelivered = fastClients.flatMap(ws => ws.deliveryTimes).length;
-        const slowDelivered = slowClients.flatMap(ws => ws.deliveryTimes).length;
-
-        const fastRate = (fastDelivered / N_FAST) * 100;
-        const slowRate = (slowDelivered / N_SLOW) * 100;
-
-        console.log(`[back-pressure] fast: ${fastDelivered}/${N_FAST} (${fastRate.toFixed(1)}%) in ${elapsed.toFixed(1)}ms`);
-        console.log(`[back-pressure] slow: ${slowDelivered}/${N_SLOW} (${slowRate.toFixed(1)}%) — still in flight`);
-
-        // fast client는 LAN latency 이내에 거의 모두 도달
-        expect(fastRate).toBeGreaterThan(95);
-        // slow client는 혼잡 환경이라 아직 미도달 (격리 확인)
-        expect(slowRate).toBeLessThan(50); // 혼잡 환경 P50=200ms, 아직 30ms만 기다렸으므로
-
-        fastClients.forEach(ws => deregisterClient(ws));
-        slowClients.forEach(ws => deregisterClient(ws));
-    });
+  it("일부 slow client가 있어도 fast client 전달 시간은 영향 없다", async () => {
+    const N_FAST = 900;
+    const N_SLOW = 100;
+    const k = key();
+
+    const fastClients = Array.from({ length: N_FAST }, () => makeNetworkWs(PROFILES.LAN));
+    const slowClients = Array.from({ length: N_SLOW }, () => makeNetworkWs(PROFILES.Congested));
+
+    fastClients.forEach((ws) => subscribe(k, ws));
+    slowClients.forEach((ws) => subscribe(k, ws));
+
+    const emitStart = performance.now();
+    buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
+    await wait(60 + 30); // debounce + LAN P99만 기다림 (slow client는 아직 미도달)
+    const elapsed = performance.now() - emitStart;
+
+    const fastDelivered = fastClients.flatMap((ws) => ws.deliveryTimes).length;
+    const slowDelivered = slowClients.flatMap((ws) => ws.deliveryTimes).length;
+
+    const fastRate = (fastDelivered / N_FAST) * 100;
+    const slowRate = (slowDelivered / N_SLOW) * 100;
+
+    console.log(
+      `[back-pressure] fast: ${fastDelivered}/${N_FAST} (${fastRate.toFixed(1)}%) in ${elapsed.toFixed(1)}ms`,
+    );
+    console.log(
+      `[back-pressure] slow: ${slowDelivered}/${N_SLOW} (${slowRate.toFixed(1)}%) — still in flight`,
+    );
+
+    // fast client는 LAN latency 이내에 거의 모두 도달
+    expect(fastRate).toBeGreaterThan(95);
+    // slow client는 혼잡 환경이라 아직 미도달 (격리 확인)
+    expect(slowRate).toBeLessThan(50); // 혼잡 환경 P50=200ms, 아직 30ms만 기다렸으므로
+
+    fastClients.forEach((ws) => deregisterClient(ws));
+    slowClients.forEach((ws) => deregisterClient(ws));
+  });
 });
 
 // ─── 5. 혼합 환경: LAN + WAN + Mobile 혼재 ──────────────────────────────────
 
 describe("[NetSim] 혼합 환경 (LAN + WAN + Mobile)", () => {
-    it("500명 혼합 구독자 전체 delivery → 그룹별 지연 분포 확인", async () => {
-        const k = key();
-        const groups = {
-            lan: { n: 200, profile: PROFILES.LAN, clients: [] as any[] },
-            wan: { n: 200, profile: PROFILES.WAN, clients: [] as any[] },
-            mobile: { n: 100, profile: PROFILES.Mobile, clients: [] as any[] },
-        };
-
-        for (const g of Object.values(groups)) {
-            g.clients = Array.from({ length: g.n }, () => makeNetworkWs(g.profile));
-            g.clients.forEach((ws: any) => subscribe(k, ws));
-        }
-
-        buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
-        await wait(60 + 600); // 가장 느린 Mobile P99까지 대기
-
-        for (const [name, g] of Object.entries(groups)) {
-            const allTimes = g.clients.flatMap((ws: any) => ws.deliveryTimes);
-            const s = stats(allTimes);
-            const dropped = g.clients.reduce((a: number, ws: any) => a + ws.dropped, 0);
-            const successRate = (s.count / g.n) * 100;
-            console.log(`[mixed/${name}] ${s.count}/${g.n} (${successRate.toFixed(1)}%), dropped=${dropped}, P50=${s.p50.toFixed(1)}ms P95=${s.p95.toFixed(1)}ms`);
-        }
-
-        // 전체 수신률
-        const totalDelivered = Object.values(groups).reduce(
-            (a, g) => a + g.clients.flatMap((ws: any) => ws.deliveryTimes).length, 0
-        );
-        const totalN = Object.values(groups).reduce((a, g) => a + g.n, 0);
-        const overallRate = (totalDelivered / totalN) * 100;
-
-        console.log(`[mixed/total] ${totalDelivered}/${totalN} (${overallRate.toFixed(1)}%)`);
-        expect(overallRate).toBeGreaterThan(97); // Mobile 2% 손실 반영
-
-        for (const g of Object.values(groups)) {
-            g.clients.forEach((ws: any) => deregisterClient(ws));
-        }
-    });
+  it("500명 혼합 구독자 전체 delivery → 그룹별 지연 분포 확인", async () => {
+    const k = key();
+    const groups = {
+      lan: { n: 200, profile: PROFILES.LAN, clients: [] as any[] },
+      wan: { n: 200, profile: PROFILES.WAN, clients: [] as any[] },
+      mobile: { n: 100, profile: PROFILES.Mobile, clients: [] as any[] },
+    };
+
+    for (const g of Object.values(groups)) {
+      g.clients = Array.from({ length: g.n }, () => makeNetworkWs(g.profile));
+      g.clients.forEach((ws: any) => subscribe(k, ws));
+    }
+
+    buildRealtimeCtx().emit(k, [{ id: 1 }]);
+    await wait(60 + 600); // 가장 느린 Mobile P99까지 대기
+
+    for (const [name, g] of Object.entries(groups)) {
+      const allTimes = g.clients.flatMap((ws: any) => ws.deliveryTimes);
+      const s = stats(allTimes);
+      const dropped = g.clients.reduce((a: number, ws: any) => a + ws.dropped, 0);
+      const successRate = (s.count / g.n) * 100;
+      console.log(
+        `[mixed/${name}] ${s.count}/${g.n} (${successRate.toFixed(1)}%), dropped=${dropped}, P50=${s.p50.toFixed(1)}ms P95=${s.p95.toFixed(1)}ms`,
+      );
+    }
+
+    // 전체 수신률
+    const totalDelivered = Object.values(groups).reduce(
+      (a, g) => a + g.clients.flatMap((ws: any) => ws.deliveryTimes).length,
+      0,
+    );
+    const totalN = Object.values(groups).reduce((a, g) => a + g.n, 0);
+    const overallRate = (totalDelivered / totalN) * 100;
+
+    console.log(`[mixed/total] ${totalDelivered}/${totalN} (${overallRate.toFixed(1)}%)`);
+    expect(overallRate).toBeGreaterThan(97); // Mobile 2% 손실 반영
+
+    for (const g of Object.values(groups)) {
+      g.clients.forEach((ws: any) => deregisterClient(ws));
+    }
+  });
 });
 
 // ─── 6. debounce + 네트워크 지연 조합 효과 ──────────────────────────────────
 
 describe("[NetSim] debounce + 네트워크 지연 조합", () => {
-    it("100번 rapid emit 후 단 1회 WAN 전송으로 전체 delivery 완료된다", async () => {
-        const N = 200;
-        const k = key();
-        const clients = Array.from({ length: N }, () => makeNetworkWs(PROFILES.WAN));
-        clients.forEach(ws => subscribe(k, ws));
-
-        const rt = buildRealtimeCtx();
-        // 30ms 간격으로 10번 emit (각 emit 사이에 짧은 간격, 50ms debounce 이내)
-        for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
-            rt.emit(k, [{ id: i, title: `Update ${i}` }]);
-            await wait(4); // 4ms 간격 → 총 40ms < 50ms debounce window
-        }
-
-        // 마지막 emit 후 debounce(50ms) + WAN P99(120ms) 대기
-        await wait(50 + 200);
-
-        const allSendCounts = clients.map(ws => ws.sendCallCount);
-        const allDelivered = clients.flatMap(ws => ws.deliveryTimes);
-
-        // send()는 debounce로 인해 1번만 호출됨
-        expect(allSendCounts.every(c => c === 1)).toBe(true);
-
-        const successRate = (allDelivered.length / N) * 100;
-        console.log(`[debounce+net] sends: 1 per client, WAN delivered: ${allDelivered.length}/${N} (${successRate.toFixed(1)}%)`);
-
-        expect(successRate).toBeGreaterThan(99); // WAN 0.1% 손실
-        clients.forEach(ws => deregisterClient(ws));
-    });
+  it("100번 rapid emit 후 단 1회 WAN 전송으로 전체 delivery 완료된다", async () => {
+    const N = 200;
+    const k = key();
+    const clients = Array.from({ length: N }, () => makeNetworkWs(PROFILES.WAN));
+    clients.forEach((ws) => subscribe(k, ws));
+
+    const rt = buildRealtimeCtx();
+    // 30ms 간격으로 10번 emit (각 emit 사이에 짧은 간격, 50ms debounce 이내)
+    for (let i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+      rt.emit(k, [{ id: i, title: `Update ${i}` }]);
+      await wait(4); // 4ms 간격 → 총 40ms < 50ms debounce window
+    }
+
+    // 마지막 emit 후 debounce(50ms) + WAN P99(120ms) 대기
+    await wait(50 + 200);
+
+    const allSendCounts = clients.map((ws) => ws.sendCallCount);
+    const allDelivered = clients.flatMap((ws) => ws.deliveryTimes);
+
+    // send()는 debounce로 인해 1번만 호출됨
+    expect(allSendCounts.every((c) => c === 1)).toBe(true);
+
+    const successRate = (allDelivered.length / N) * 100;
+    console.log(
+      `[debounce+net] sends: 1 per client, WAN delivered: ${allDelivered.length}/${N} (${successRate.toFixed(1)}%)`,
+    );
+
+    expect(successRate).toBeGreaterThan(99); // WAN 0.1% 손실
+    clients.forEach((ws) => deregisterClient(ws));
+  });
 });