@geastack/cli 0.1.52 → 0.1.54

package/src/device/image.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import { mkdirSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+import zlib from 'node:zlib'
+
+// The one decoder for every screenshot wire format the firmware emits:
+// rgb565-raw-v1 (GEADEV SCREENSHOTBIN and GET /screenshot) and the older
+// rgb565-rle-v1 text protocol. Output is packed 8-bit RGB.
+
+function expand565(value, rgb, out) {
+  const r5 = (value >> 11) & 0x1f
+  const g6 = (value >> 5) & 0x3f
+  const b5 = value & 0x1f
+  rgb[out] = (r5 << 3) | (r5 >> 2)
+  rgb[out + 1] = (g6 << 2) | (g6 >> 4)
+  rgb[out + 2] = (b5 << 3) | (b5 >> 2)
+}
+
+export function decodeRgb565Raw(payload, expectedPixels) {
+  if (payload.length !== expectedPixels * 2) {
+    throw new Error(`raw screenshot payload has ${payload.length} bytes, expected ${expectedPixels * 2}`)
+  }
+  const rgb = Buffer.alloc(expectedPixels * 3)
+  let out = 0
+  for (let pos = 0; pos < payload.length; pos += 2) {
+    expand565(payload[pos] | (payload[pos + 1] << 8), rgb, out)
+    out += 3
+  }
+  return rgb
+}
+
+export function decodeRgb565Rle(payload, expectedPixels) {
+  const rgb = Buffer.alloc(expectedPixels * 3)
+  let out = 0
+  let pos = 0
+  const pixel = Buffer.alloc(3)
+  while (pos < payload.length) {
+    if (pos + 4 > payload.length) throw new Error('truncated RLE screenshot payload')
+    const count = payload[pos] | (payload[pos + 1] << 8)
+    const value = payload[pos + 2] | (payload[pos + 3] << 8)
+    pos += 4
+    expand565(value, pixel, 0)
+    for (let i = 0; i < count; i += 1) {
+      if (out + 3 > rgb.length) throw new Error('RLE screenshot payload exceeds expected size')
+      pixel.copy(rgb, out)
+      out += 3
+    }
+  }
+  if (out !== rgb.length) throw new Error(`RLE screenshot decoded ${out / 3} pixels, expected ${expectedPixels}`)
+  return rgb
+}
+
+const crcTable = new Uint32Array(256)
+for (let i = 0; i < 256; i += 1) {
+  let c = i
+  for (let k = 0; k < 8; k += 1) c = c & 1 ? 0xedb88320 ^ (c >>> 1) : c >>> 1
+  crcTable[i] = c >>> 0
+}
+
+export function crc32(buffer, seed = 0) {
+  let c = (seed ^ 0xffffffff) >>> 0
+  for (const byte of buffer) c = crcTable[(c ^ byte) & 0xff] ^ (c >>> 8)
+  return (c ^ 0xffffffff) >>> 0
+}
+
+function pngChunk(kind, data) {
+  const body = Buffer.concat([Buffer.from(kind, 'ascii'), data])
+  const length = Buffer.alloc(4)
+  length.writeUInt32BE(data.length)
+  const crc = Buffer.alloc(4)
+  crc.writeUInt32BE(crc32(body))
+  return Buffer.concat([length, body, crc])
+}
+
+export function encodePng(width, height, rgb) {
+  const stride = width * 3
+  const raw = Buffer.alloc((stride + 1) * height)
+  for (let y = 0; y < height; y += 1) {
+    raw[y * (stride + 1)] = 0
+    rgb.copy(raw, y * (stride + 1) + 1, y * stride, (y + 1) * stride)
+  }
+  const ihdr = Buffer.alloc(13)
+  ihdr.writeUInt32BE(width, 0)
+  ihdr.writeUInt32BE(height, 4)
+  ihdr[8] = 8
+  ihdr[9] = 2
+  ihdr[10] = 0
+  ihdr[11] = 0
+  ihdr[12] = 0
+  return Buffer.concat([
+    Buffer.from([0x89, 0x50, 0x4e, 0x47, 0x0d, 0x0a, 0x1a, 0x0a]),
+    pngChunk('IHDR', ihdr),
+    pngChunk('IDAT', zlib.deflateSync(raw, { level: 6 })),
+    pngChunk('IEND', Buffer.alloc(0))
+  ])
+}
+
+export function encodePpm(width, height, rgb) {
+  return Buffer.concat([Buffer.from(`P6\n${width} ${height}\n255\n`, 'ascii'), rgb])
+}
+
+export function writeImage(file, width, height, rgb) {
+  mkdirSync(path.dirname(path.resolve(file)), { recursive: true })
+  writeFileSync(file, file.toLowerCase().endsWith('.png') ? encodePng(width, height, rgb) : encodePpm(width, height, rgb))
+  return file
+}
+
+export function nonblackRatio(rgb) {
+  const total = rgb.length / 3
+  if (total === 0) return 0
+  let nonblack = 0
+  for (let i = 0; i < rgb.length; i += 3) {
+    if (rgb[i] || rgb[i + 1] || rgb[i + 2]) nonblack += 1
+  }
+  return nonblack / total
+}

package/src/device/serial.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { mkdirSync, writeFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import path from 'node:path'
+
+import { crc32, decodeRgb565Raw, decodeRgb565Rle } from './image.mjs'
+
+// The USB transport: the firmware's GEADEV line protocol over the board's
+// serial console. Requests are `GEADEV <VERB> ...` lines; replies are lines
+// starting with `GEADEV:` (an ordinary log line may carry one after a
+// timestamp prefix, so replies are located by substring, not by column).
+//
+// The port is opened without ever changing DTR/RTS: native USB-Serial-JTAG
+// boards resample GPIO0 on a modem-line pulse and drop into ROM download
+// mode, which is exactly what idf_monitor/pyserial's default open does to a
+// freshly flashed board. serialport with hupcl off leaves the lines alone.
+
+let serialportModule = null
+async function loadSerialport() {
+  if (serialportModule) return serialportModule
+  try {
+    serialportModule = await import('serialport')
+  } catch (error) {
+    throw new Error(`The 'serialport' package is required for USB device access (npm i serialport): ${error.message}`)
+  }
+  return serialportModule
+}
+
+export function geadevFragment(line) {
+  const index = line.indexOf('GEADEV:')
+  return index >= 0 ? line.slice(index) : line
+}
+
+export function parseKeyValues(line) {
+  const values = {}
+  for (const token of line.split(/\s+/).slice(1)) {
+    const eq = token.indexOf('=')
+    if (eq < 0) continue
+    values[token.slice(0, eq)] = token.slice(eq + 1)
+  }
+  return values
+}
+
+export class SerialDevice {
+  constructor(port, { path: devicePath, trace = false, stderr = () => {} }) {
+    this.port = port
+    this.path = devicePath
+    this.trace = trace
+    this.stderr = stderr
+    this.buffer = Buffer.alloc(0)
+    this.waiters = []
+    this.closed = false
+    port.on('data', (chunk) => {
+      this.buffer = this.buffer.length ? Buffer.concat([this.buffer, chunk]) : Buffer.from(chunk)
+      this.notify()
+    })
+    port.on('close', () => {
+      this.closed = true
+      this.notify()
+    })
+    port.on('error', (error) => {
+      this.error = error
+      this.notify()
+    })
+  }
+
+  static async open({ path: devicePath, baudRate = 115200, trace = false, stderr }) {
+    const { SerialPort } = await loadSerialport()
+    const port = new SerialPort({ path: devicePath, baudRate, autoOpen: false, hupcl: false, lock: false })
+    await new Promise((resolve, reject) => port.open((error) => (error ? reject(error) : resolve())))
+    return new SerialDevice(port, { path: devicePath, trace, stderr })
+  }
+
+  notify() {
+    const waiters = this.waiters
+    this.waiters = []
+    for (const waiter of waiters) waiter()
+  }
+
+  waitForData(timeoutMs) {
+    return new Promise((resolve) => {
+      const timer = setTimeout(() => {
+        this.waiters = this.waiters.filter((waiter) => waiter !== done)
+        resolve(false)
+      }, Math.max(0, timeoutMs))
+      const done = () => {
+        clearTimeout(timer)
+        resolve(true)
+      }
+      this.waiters.push(done)
+    })
+  }
+
+  async writeLine(line) {
+    const data = `${line.replace(/[\r\n]+$/, '')}\n`
+    await new Promise((resolve, reject) => this.port.write(data, (error) => (error ? reject(error) : resolve())))
+    await new Promise((resolve) => this.port.drain(() => resolve()))
+  }
+
+  async writeRaw(data) {
+    await new Promise((resolve, reject) => this.port.write(data, (error) => (error ? reject(error) : resolve())))
+    await new Promise((resolve) => this.port.drain(() => resolve()))
+  }
+
+  async readLine(timeoutMs) {
+    const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
+    while (true) {
+      const newline = this.buffer.indexOf(0x0a)
+      if (newline >= 0) {
+        const raw = this.buffer.subarray(0, newline)
+        this.buffer = this.buffer.subarray(newline + 1)
+        return raw.toString('utf8').replace(/\r$/, '')
+      }
+      if (this.error) throw this.error
+      if (this.closed) return null
+      const remaining = deadline - Date.now()
+      if (remaining <= 0) return null
+      await this.waitForData(remaining)
+    }
+  }
+
+  async readExact(size, timeoutMs) {
+    const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
+    while (this.buffer.length < size) {
+      if (this.error) throw this.error
+      const remaining = deadline - Date.now()
+      if (remaining <= 0 || this.closed) throw new Error(`timed out reading ${size} bytes`)
+      await this.waitForData(remaining)
+    }
+    const out = Buffer.from(this.buffer.subarray(0, size))
+    this.buffer = this.buffer.subarray(size)
+    return out
+  }
+
+  async drainInput(quietMs = 80, maxMs = 600) {
+    this.buffer = Buffer.alloc(0)
+    const deadline = Date.now() + maxMs
+    let quietDeadline = Date.now() + quietMs
+    while (Date.now() < deadline && Date.now() < quietDeadline) {
+      const got = await this.waitForData(Math.min(deadline, quietDeadline) - Date.now())
+      if (got) {
+        this.buffer = Buffer.alloc(0)
+        quietDeadline = Date.now() + quietMs
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  async command(line, prefixes, timeoutMs = 5000) {
+    await this.writeLine(line)
+    const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
+    while (true) {
+      const remaining = deadline - Date.now()
+      if (remaining <= 0) throw new Error(`timed out waiting for response to ${JSON.stringify(line)}`)
+      const received = await this.readLine(remaining)
+      if (received === null) throw new Error(`timed out waiting for response to ${JSON.stringify(line)}`)
+      if (this.trace) this.stderr(received)
+      const frame = geadevFragment(received)
+      if (frame.startsWith('GEADEV:ERR')) throw new Error(frame)
+      if (prefixes.some((prefix) => frame.startsWith(prefix))) return frame
+    }
+  }
+
+  async collect(line, { begin = null, data = 'GEADEV:DATA ', end, error = ['GEADEV:ERR'], timeoutMs = 8000 }) {
+    await this.writeLine(line)
+    const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
+    const chunks = []
+    const lines = []
+    let beginFrame = null
+    while (true) {
+      const remaining = deadline - Date.now()
+      if (remaining <= 0) throw new Error(`timed out waiting for ${line}`)
+      const received = await this.readLine(remaining)
+      if (received === null) throw new Error(`timed out waiting for ${line}`)
+      const frame = geadevFragment(received)
+      if (this.trace && !frame.startsWith(data)) this.stderr(received)
+      if (error.some((prefix) => frame.startsWith(prefix))) throw new Error(frame)
+      if (begin && beginFrame === null) {
+        if (frame.startsWith(begin)) beginFrame = frame
+        continue
+      }
+      if (frame.startsWith(data)) {
+        chunks.push(frame.slice(data.length).trim())
+        continue
+      }
+      lines.push(frame)
+      if (frame.startsWith(end)) return { begin: beginFrame, end: frame, chunks, lines }
+    }
+  }
+
+  async close() {
+    if (this.closed) return
+    await new Promise((resolve) => this.port.close(() => resolve()))
+    this.closed = true
+  }
+}
+
+// ---- GEADEV verbs -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+export const geadev = {
+  ping: (d) => d.command('GEADEV PING', ['GEADEV:PONG']),
+  app: async (d) => parseKeyValues(await d.command('GEADEV APP', ['GEADEV:APP'])).id || '',
+  state: (d) => d.command('GEADEV STATE', ['GEADEV:STATE']),
+  mem: (d) => d.command('GEADEV MEM', ['GEADEV:MEM']),
+  node: (d, className) => d.command(`GEADEV NODE ${className}`, ['GEADEV:NODE']),
+  hit: (d, x, y) => d.command(`GEADEV HITTEST ${x} ${y}`, ['GEADEV:HITTEST', 'GEADEV:ERR HITTEST']),
+  tap: (d, x, y, holdMs = 80) => d.command(`GEADEV TAP ${x} ${y} ${holdMs}`, ['GEADEV:OK TAP'], 8000),
+  drag: (d, x1, y1, x2, y2, steps = 6, delayMs = 24) =>
+    d.command(`GEADEV DRAG ${x1} ${y1} ${x2} ${y2} ${steps} ${delayMs}`, ['GEADEV:OK DRAG'], 8000),
+  swipe: (d, x, y1, y2) => d.command(`GEADEV SWIPE ${x} ${y1} ${y2}`, ['GEADEV:OK SWIPE', 'GEADEV:ERR SWIPE'], 8000),
+  back: (d) => d.command('GEADEV BACK', ['GEADEV:OK BACK'], 8000),
+  key: (d, keyCode) => d.command(`GEADEV KEY ${keyCode}`, ['GEADEV:OK KEY', 'GEADEV:ERR KEY']),
+  storageSet: (d, key, value) => d.command(`GEADEV STORAGE SET ${key} ${value}`, ['GEADEV:OK STORAGE', 'GEADEV:ERR STORAGE']),
+  setDefault: (d, appId) => d.command(`GEADEV SETDEFAULT ${appId}`, ['GEADEV:OK SETDEFAULT', 'GEADEV:ERR SETDEFAULT']),
+  setTime: (d, epoch) => d.command(`GEADEV SETTIME ${epoch}`, ['GEADEV:OK SETTIME', 'GEADEV:ERR SETTIME']),
+  reboot: (d) => d.command('GEADEV REBOOT', ['GEADEV:OK REBOOT']),
+  notify: (d, text) => d.command(`GEADEV NOTIFY ${text}`, ['GEADEV:OK NOTIFY']),
+  rm: (d, devicePath) => d.command(`GEADEV RM ${devicePath}`, ['GEADEV:RM OK', 'GEADEV:RM ERR']),
+  playFile: (d, devicePath) => d.command(`GEADEV PLAYFILE ${devicePath}`, ['GEADEV:PLAYFILE OK', 'GEADEV:PLAYFILE ERR'], 30000),
+
+  async brightness(d, value) {
+    const raw = await d.command(`GEADEV BRIGHTNESS${value === undefined ? '' : ` ${value}`}`, ['GEADEV:OK BRIGHTNESS', 'GEADEV:ERR BRIGHTNESS'])
+    return value === undefined ? parseKeyValues(raw).value ?? '' : raw
+  },
+
+  async i2cScan(d) {
+    const { lines } = await d.collect('GEADEV I2CSCAN', { data: '', end: 'GEADEV:I2CSCAN END', timeoutMs: 8000 })
+    return lines.filter((line) => line.startsWith('GEADEV:I2CSCAN')).join('\n')
+  },
+
+  async storageGet(d, key) {
+    const { chunks, lines } = await d.collect(`GEADEV STORAGE GET ${key}`, {
+      end: 'GEADEV:STORAGE GET END',
+      error: ['GEADEV:STORAGE GET ERR', 'GEADEV:ERR STORAGE'],
+      timeoutMs: 5000
+    })
+    return { value: Buffer.from(chunks.join(''), 'base64').toString('utf8'), lines }
+  },
+
+  async ls(d, devicePath = '/sdcard') {
+    const { lines } = await d.collect(`GEADEV LS ${devicePath}`, { data: '', end: 'GEADEV:LS END', error: ['GEADEV:LS ERR'], timeoutMs: 5000 })
+    return lines.join('\n')
+  },
+
+  async summary(d) {
+    const app = await geadev.app(d)
+    const state = parseKeyValues(await geadev.state(d))
+    const mem = parseKeyValues(await geadev.mem(d))
+    const kb = (v) => (Number.isFinite(Number(v)) && v !== undefined ? `${Math.floor(Number(v) / 1024)} KB` : '?')
+    const mb = (v) => (Number.isFinite(Number(v)) && v !== undefined ? `${(Number(v) / 1048576).toFixed(1)} MB` : '?')
+    return [
+      `app ${app || '?'}`,
+      `${state.nodes ?? '?'} nodes`,
+      `${state.width ?? '?'}x${state.height ?? '?'}`,
+      `int ${kb(mem.internal_free)} free`,
+      `psram ${mb(mem.psram_free)} free`,
+      `batt ${state.battery ?? '?'}%`
+    ].join(' · ')
+  },
+
+  async waitForApp(d, appId, timeoutMs) {
+    const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
+    let last = ''
+    while (Date.now() < deadline) {
+      last = await geadev.app(d)
+      if (last === appId) return true
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 200))
+    }
+    throw new Error(`timed out waiting for app ${JSON.stringify(appId)}; last app was ${JSON.stringify(last)}`)
+  },
+
+  async screenshotBinary(d, timeoutMs = 12000) {
+    await d.writeLine('GEADEV SCREENSHOTBIN')
+    const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
+    let begin = null
+    while (true) {
+      const remaining = deadline - Date.now()
+      if (remaining <= 0) throw new Error('timed out waiting for binary screenshot')
+      const line = await d.readLine(remaining)
+      if (line === null) throw new Error('timed out waiting for binary screenshot')
+      if (d.trace) d.stderr(line)
+      const frame = geadevFragment(line)
+      if (frame.startsWith('GEADEV:ERR') || frame.startsWith('GEADEV:SCREENSHOTBIN ERR')) throw new Error(frame)
+      if (frame.startsWith('GEADEV:SCREENSHOTBIN BEGIN')) {
+        begin = frame
+        break
+      }
+    }
+    const meta = parseKeyValues(begin)
+    const width = Number(meta.width)
+    const height = Number(meta.height)
+    const size = Number(meta.bytes)
+    if (meta.encoding !== 'rgb565-raw-v1') throw new Error(`unsupported binary screenshot encoding: ${meta.encoding}`)
+    const payload = await d.readExact(size, Math.max(100, deadline - Date.now()))
+    let end = null
+    while (true) {
+      const remaining = deadline - Date.now()
+      if (remaining <= 0) throw new Error('timed out waiting for binary screenshot footer')
+      const line = await d.readLine(remaining)
+      if (line === null) throw new Error('timed out waiting for binary screenshot footer')
+      const frame = geadevFragment(line)
+      if (frame.startsWith('GEADEV:ERR') || frame.startsWith('GEADEV:SCREENSHOTBIN ERR')) throw new Error(frame)
+      if (frame.startsWith('GEADEV:SCREENSHOTBIN END')) {
+        end = frame
+        break
+      }
+    }
+    const expectedCrc = parseKeyValues(end).crc
+    const actualCrc = crc32(payload)
+    if (expectedCrc !== undefined && actualCrc !== Number.parseInt(expectedCrc, 16)) {
+      throw new Error(`binary screenshot crc mismatch: got 0x${actualCrc.toString(16).padStart(8, '0')} want ${expectedCrc}`)
+    }
+    return { width, height, rgb: decodeRgb565Raw(payload, width * height) }
+  },
+
+  async screenshotRle(d, timeoutMs = 30000) {
+    const { begin, chunks } = await d.collect('GEADEV SCREENSHOT', {
+      begin: 'GEADEV:SCREENSHOT BEGIN',
+      end: 'GEADEV:SCREENSHOT END',
+      timeoutMs
+    })
+    const meta = parseKeyValues(begin)
+    const width = Number(meta.width)
+    const height = Number(meta.height)
+    if (meta.encoding !== 'rgb565-rle-v1') throw new Error(`unsupported screenshot encoding: ${meta.encoding}`)
+    return { width, height, rgb: decodeRgb565Rle(Buffer.from(chunks.join(''), 'base64'), width * height) }
+  },
+
+  async screenshot(d, { timeoutMs = 12000, fallbackTimeoutMs = 30000, attempts = 3, legacy = false } = {}) {
+    if (legacy) return geadev.screenshotRle(d, fallbackTimeoutMs)
+    let lastError = null
+    for (let attempt = 0; attempt < Math.max(1, attempts); attempt += 1) {
+      try {
+        return await geadev.screenshotBinary(d, timeoutMs)
+      } catch (error) {
+        lastError = error
+        await d.drainInput()
+        if (d.trace) d.stderr(`binary screenshot attempt ${attempt + 1} failed: ${error.message}`)
+      }
+    }
+    if (d.trace) d.stderr(`binary screenshot unavailable, falling back to RLE: ${lastError?.message}`)
+    return geadev.screenshotRle(d, fallbackTimeoutMs)
+  },
+
+  // Streams a file onto the device's storage over USB. Throttled bursts keep
+  // the transfer under the device's continuous drain rate: its RX buffer is
+  // tiny and has no flow control, and per-chunk ACK round-trips stalled.
+  async pushFile(d, source, destination, { timeoutMs = 300000, base64 = false, stderr = () => {} } = {}) {
+    const data = readFileSync(source)
+    const crc = crc32(data)
+    const verb = base64 ? 'PUSH64' : 'PUSH'
+    await d.writeLine(`GEADEV ${verb} ${destination} ${data.length} ${crc}`)
+    await waitFor(d, `GEADEV:${verb} READY`, `GEADEV:${verb} ERR`, 15000, `${verb} READY`)
+    const startedAt = Date.now()
+    if (base64) {
+      const encoded = data.toString('base64')
+      for (let offset = 0; offset < encoded.length; offset += 512) {
+        await d.writeLine(encoded.slice(offset, offset + 512))
+        await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 2))
+      }
+    } else {
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 300))
+      const burst = 2048
+      for (let offset = 0; offset < data.length; offset += burst) {
+        await d.writeRaw(data.subarray(offset, Math.min(offset + burst, data.length)))
+        await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 4))
+        if (((offset / burst) | 0) % 256 === 0) stderr(`  push ${Math.floor((offset * 100) / data.length)}% (${offset}/${data.length})`)
+      }
+    }
+    const line = await waitFor(d, `GEADEV:${verb} OK`, `GEADEV:${verb} ERR`, timeoutMs, `${verb} OK`)
+    const seconds = (Date.now() - startedAt) / 1000
+    return `${line}  (${data.length} bytes in ${seconds.toFixed(1)}s, ${Math.round(data.length / Math.max(seconds, 0.001) / 1024)} KiB/s)`
+  },
+
+  async pullFile(d, source, destination, { timeoutMs = 300000 } = {}) {
+    const { chunks, end, lines } = await d.collect(`GEADEV PULL ${source}`, {
+      begin: null,
+      end: 'GEADEV:PULL END',
+      error: ['GEADEV:PULL ERR'],
+      timeoutMs
+    })
+    const values = parseKeyValues(end)
+    const data = chunks.length ? Buffer.from(chunks.join(''), 'base64') : Buffer.alloc(0)
+    const expectedSize = values.bytes !== undefined ? Number(values.bytes) : parseKeyValues(lines.find((l) => l.startsWith('GEADEV:PULL BEGIN')) || '').bytes
+    if (expectedSize !== undefined && Number(expectedSize) !== data.length) {
+      throw new Error(`pull size mismatch for ${source}: got ${data.length} want ${expectedSize}`)
+    }
+    const actualCrc = crc32(data)
+    if (values.crc !== undefined && actualCrc !== Number.parseInt(values.crc, 16)) {
+      throw new Error(`pull crc mismatch for ${source}: got 0x${actualCrc.toString(16)} want 0x${values.crc}`)
+    }
+    mkdirSync(path.dirname(path.resolve(destination)), { recursive: true })
+    writeFileSync(destination, data)
+    return `pulled ${source} -> ${destination} bytes=${data.length} crc=0x${actualCrc.toString(16).padStart(8, '0')}`
+  }
+}
+
+async function waitFor(d, okPrefix, errPrefix, timeoutMs, what) {
+  const deadline = Date.now() + timeoutMs
+  while (true) {
+    const remaining = deadline - Date.now()
+    if (remaining <= 0) throw new Error(`timed out waiting for ${what}`)
+    const line = await d.readLine(remaining)
+    if (line === null) throw new Error(`timed out waiting for ${what}`)
+    if (d.trace) d.stderr(line)
+    if (line.startsWith(errPrefix)) throw new Error(line)
+    if (line.startsWith(okPrefix)) return line
+  }
+}
+
+// Prints every serial line until interrupted. Nothing is written to the
+// port and the modem lines are never touched, so the app keeps running.
+export async function streamSerialMonitor(d, { write, timestamps = false, logFile = '', signal }) {
+  let log = null
+  if (logFile) {
+    mkdirSync(path.dirname(path.resolve(logFile)), { recursive: true })
+    const { openSync, writeSync, closeSync } = await import('node:fs')
+    const fd = openSync(logFile, 'w')
+    log = { write: (text) => writeSync(fd, text), close: () => closeSync(fd) }
+  }
+  try {
+    while (!signal?.aborted && !d.closed) {
+      const line = await d.readLine(1000)
+      if (line === null) continue
+      const output = timestamps ? `${new Date().toTimeString().slice(0, 8)} ${line}` : line
+      write(output)
+      if (log) log.write(`${output}\n`)
+    }
+  } finally {
+    if (log) log.close()
+  }
+}