@fugood/llama.node 0.3.13 → 0.3.14

package/src/llama.cpp/tests/test-chat.cpp

@@ -10,38 +10,12 @@
 #include <json.hpp>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "chat-template.hpp"
-#include "chat.hpp"
+#include "chat.h"
 #include "llama-grammar.h"
 #include "unicode.h"
 
 using json = nlohmann::ordered_json;
 
-static common_chat_msg msg_from_json(const json & message) {
-    common_chat_msg ret;
-    ret.role = "assistant";
-    if (message.contains("content") && !message.at("content").is_null()) {
-        ret.content = message.at("content");
-    }
-    if (message.contains("tool_plan")) {
-        ret.reasoning_content = message.at("tool_plan");
-    }
-    if (message.contains("reasoning_content")) {
-        ret.reasoning_content = message.at("reasoning_content");
-    }
-    auto has_tool_calls = message.contains("tool_calls");
-    if (has_tool_calls) {
-        for (const auto & tc : message.at("tool_calls")) {
-            const auto & arguments = tc.at("function").at("arguments");
-            ret.tool_calls.push_back({
-                tc.at("function").at("name").get<std::string>(),
-                arguments.is_string() ? arguments.get<std::string>() : arguments.dump(),
-                tc.contains("id") ? tc.at("id").get<std::string>() : "",
-            });
-        }
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
 
 template <class T> static void assert_equals(const T & expected, const T & actual) {
     if (expected != actual) {
@@ -53,7 +27,7 @@ template <class T> static void assert_equals(const T & expected, const T & actua
 }
 
 static std::string read_file(const std::string & path) {
-    std::cerr << "# Reading: " << path << std::endl << std::flush;
+    std::cerr << "# Reading: " << path << '\n' << std::flush;
     std::ifstream fs(path, std::ios_base::binary);
     if (!fs.is_open()) {
         fs = std::ifstream("../" + path, std::ios_base::binary);
@@ -66,10 +40,14 @@ static std::string read_file(const std::string & path) {
     fs.seekg(0);
     std::string out;
     out.resize(static_cast<size_t>(size));
-    fs.read(&out[0], static_cast<std::streamsize>(size));
+    fs.read(out.data(), static_cast<std::streamsize>(size));
     return out;
 }
 
+static common_chat_templates_ptr read_templates(const std::string & path) {
+    return common_chat_templates_ptr(common_chat_templates_init(/* model= */ nullptr, read_file(path)));
+}
+
 static std::unique_ptr<llama_grammar> build_grammar(const std::string & grammar_str) {
     return std::unique_ptr<llama_grammar>(
         llama_grammar_init_impl(nullptr, grammar_str.c_str(), "root", false, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0));
@@ -90,110 +68,102 @@ static bool match_string(const std::string & input, llama_grammar * grammar) {
         }
     }
 
-    for (const auto & stack : stacks_cur) {
-        if (stack.empty()) {
-            // An empty stack means that the grammar has been completed
-            return true;
-        }
+    if (std::any_of(stacks_cur.begin(), stacks_cur.end(), [](const auto & stack) { return stack.empty(); })) {
+        // An empty stack means that the grammar has been completed
+        return true;
     }
 
     return false;
 }
 
-// Dumps `{"a": 1}` as `"{\"a\": 1}"`, unlike nlohmann::json::dump which would dump it as `"{\"a\":1}"`.
-static std::string dump(const json & j) {
-    return minja::Value(j).dump(-1, /* to_json= */ true);
-}
-
 static void assert_msg_equals(const common_chat_msg & expected, const common_chat_msg & actual) {
     assert_equals(expected.role, actual.role);
     assert_equals(expected.content, actual.content);
+    assert_equals(expected.content_parts.size(), actual.content_parts.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < expected.content_parts.size(); i++) {
+        const auto & expected_part = expected.content_parts[i];
+        const auto & actual_part   = actual.content_parts[i];
+        assert_equals(expected_part.type, actual_part.type);
+        assert_equals(expected_part.text, actual_part.text);
+    }
     assert_equals(expected.reasoning_content, actual.reasoning_content);
     assert_equals(expected.tool_calls.size(), actual.tool_calls.size());
     for (size_t i = 0; i < expected.tool_calls.size(); i++) {
         const auto & expected_tool_call = expected.tool_calls[i];
         const auto & actual_tool_call   = actual.tool_calls[i];
         assert_equals(expected_tool_call.name, actual_tool_call.name);
-        assert_equals(dump(json::parse(expected_tool_call.arguments)), dump(json::parse(actual_tool_call.arguments)));
+        assert_equals(json::parse(expected_tool_call.arguments).dump(), json::parse(actual_tool_call.arguments).dump());
         assert_equals(expected_tool_call.id, actual_tool_call.id);
     }
 }
 
-const auto special_function_tool = json::parse(R"({
-  "type": "function",
-  "function": {
-    "name": "special_function",
-    "description": "I'm special",
-    "parameters": {
-      "type": "object",
-      "properties": {
-        "arg1": {
-          "type": "integer",
-          "description": "The arg."
-        }
-      },
-      "required": ["arg1"]
-    }
-  }
-})");
-const auto python_tool           = json::parse(R"({
-  "type": "function",
-  "function": {
-    "name": "python",
-    "description": "an ipython interpreter",
-    "parameters": {
-      "type": "object",
-      "properties": {
-        "code": {
-          "type": "string",
-          "description": "Python code to execute."
-        }
-      },
-      "required": ["code"]
-    }
-  }
-})");
-const auto code_interpreter_tool = json::parse(R"({
-  "type": "function",
-  "function": {
-    "name": "code_interpreter",
-    "description": "an ipython interpreter",
-    "parameters": {
-      "type": "object",
-      "properties": {
-        "code": {
-          "type": "string",
-          "description": "Python code to execute."
-        }
-      },
-      "required": ["code"]
-    }
-  }
-})");
-const json tools                 = { special_function_tool, python_tool };
-const json llama_3_1_tools       = { special_function_tool, code_interpreter_tool };
+common_chat_tool special_function_tool {
+    /* .name = */ "special_function",
+    /* .description = */ "I'm special",
+    /* .parameters = */ R"({
+        "type": "object",
+        "properties": {
+            "arg1": {
+                "type": "integer",
+                "description": "The arg."
+            }
+        },
+        "required": ["arg1"]
+    })",
+};
+common_chat_tool python_tool {
+    /* .name = */ "python",
+    /* .description = */ "an ipython interpreter",
+    /* .parameters = */ R"({
+        "type": "object",
+        "properties": {
+            "code": {
+                "type": "string",
+                "description": "Python code to execute."
+            }
+        },
+        "required": ["code"]
+    })",
+};
+common_chat_tool code_interpreter_tool {
+    /* .name = */ "code_interpreter",
+    /* .description = */ "an ipython interpreter",
+    /* .parameters = */ R"({
+        "type": "object",
+        "properties": {
+            "code": {
+                "type": "string",
+                "description": "Python code to execute."
+            }
+        },
+        "required": ["code"]
+    })",
+};
+std::vector<common_chat_tool> tools           { special_function_tool, python_tool };
+std::vector<common_chat_tool> llama_3_1_tools { special_function_tool, code_interpreter_tool };
 
 struct delta_data {
     std::string        delta;
     common_chat_params params;
 };
 
-static delta_data init_delta(const common_chat_template & tmpl, const std::vector<std::string> & end_tokens,
-                             const json & user_message, const json & delta_message, const json & tools,
-                             const json & tool_choice,
+static delta_data init_delta(const struct common_chat_templates * tmpls, const std::vector<std::string> & end_tokens,
+                             const common_chat_msg & user_message,
+                             const common_chat_msg & delta_message,
+                             const std::vector<common_chat_tool> & tools,
+                             const common_chat_tool_choice & tool_choice,
                              bool think = false) {
-    common_chat_inputs inputs;
+    common_chat_templates_inputs inputs;
     inputs.parallel_tool_calls = true;
-    inputs.messages            = json::array();
     inputs.messages.push_back(user_message);
     inputs.tools       = tools;
     inputs.tool_choice = tool_choice;
     inputs.extract_reasoning = think;
-    auto params_prefix = common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs);
+    auto params_prefix = common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls, inputs);
 
     inputs.messages.push_back(delta_message);
     inputs.add_generation_prompt = false;
-    auto params_full             = common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs);
+    auto params_full             = common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls, inputs);
 
     std::string prefix = params_prefix.prompt;
     std::string full   = params_full.prompt;
@@ -234,30 +204,29 @@ static delta_data init_delta(const common_chat_template & tmpl, const std::vecto
   gets the diff, removes any end tokens and parses the result w/ the grammar, checking that
   the parsed message is the same as the test_message
 */
-static void test_template(const common_chat_template & tmpl, const std::vector<std::string> & end_tokens,
-                          const json & test_message, const json & tools = {}, const std::string & expected_delta = "",
+static void test_templates(const struct common_chat_templates * tmpls, const std::vector<std::string> & end_tokens,
+                          const common_chat_msg & test_message,
+                          const std::vector<common_chat_tool> & tools = {},
+                          const std::string & expected_delta = "",
                           bool expect_grammar_triggered = true,
                           bool test_grammar_if_triggered = true,
                           bool think = false) {
-    common_chat_msg expected_msg = msg_from_json(test_message);
-
-    auto user_message = json{
-        { "role",    "user"          },
-        { "content", "Hello, world!" }
-    };
+    common_chat_msg user_message;
+    user_message.role = "user";
+    user_message.content = "Hello, world!";
 
-    for (const auto & tool_choice : json({ "auto", "required" })) {
-        auto data = init_delta(tmpl, end_tokens, user_message, test_message, tools, tool_choice, think);
+    for (const auto & tool_choice : std::vector<common_chat_tool_choice> {COMMON_CHAT_TOOL_CHOICE_AUTO, COMMON_CHAT_TOOL_CHOICE_REQUIRED}) {
+        auto data = init_delta(tmpls, end_tokens, user_message, test_message, tools, tool_choice, think);
         if (!expected_delta.empty()) {
             assert_equals(expected_delta, data.delta);
         }
 
         if (expect_grammar_triggered) {
             const auto msg = common_chat_parse(data.delta, data.params.format);
-            assert_msg_equals(expected_msg, msg);
+            assert_msg_equals(test_message, msg);
         }
 
-        if (!expected_msg.tool_calls.empty()) {
+        if (!test_message.tool_calls.empty()) {
             GGML_ASSERT(!data.params.grammar.empty());
         }
         if (!data.params.grammar.empty()) {
@@ -268,12 +237,35 @@ static void test_template(const common_chat_template & tmpl, const std::vector<s
             auto earliest_trigger_pos = std::string::npos;
             auto constrained = data.delta;
             for (const auto & trigger : data.params.grammar_triggers) {
-                auto pos = constrained.find(trigger.word);
-                if (pos == std::string::npos) {
-                    continue;
+                size_t pos = std::string::npos;
+                std::smatch match;
+                switch (trigger.type) {
+                    case COMMON_GRAMMAR_TRIGGER_TYPE_WORD:
+                    {
+                        const auto & word = trigger.value;
+                        pos = constrained.find(word);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case COMMON_GRAMMAR_TRIGGER_TYPE_PATTERN:
+                    {
+                        const auto & pattern = trigger.value;
+                        if (std::regex_search(constrained, match, std::regex(pattern))) {
+                            pos = match.position();
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    case COMMON_GRAMMAR_TRIGGER_TYPE_PATTERN_START:
+                    {
+                        const auto & pattern = trigger.value;
+                        if (std::regex_search(constrained, match, std::regex(pattern)) && match.position() == 0) {
+                            pos = 0;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    default:
+                        throw std::runtime_error("Unknown trigger type");
                 }
-                if (pos > 0 && trigger.at_start) {
-                    fprintf(stderr, "Trigger %s not at start of message, skipping:\n\n%s\n\n", trigger.word.c_str(), constrained.c_str());
+                if (pos == std::string::npos) {
                     continue;
                 }
                 if (earliest_trigger_pos == std::string::npos || pos < earliest_trigger_pos) {
@@ -291,252 +283,361 @@ static void test_template(const common_chat_template & tmpl, const std::vector<s
 
             if (grammar_triggered && test_grammar_if_triggered && !match_string(constrained, grammar.get())) {
                 throw std::runtime_error("Failed to match delta against grammar:\n\n" + data.delta +
-                                            "\n\nGrammar: " + data.params.grammar);
+                    "\n\nConstrained: " + constrained +
+                    "\n\nGrammar: " + data.params.grammar);
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-static void test_template_output_parsers() {
-    json message_user {
-        { "role",    "user"     },
-        { "content", "Hey there!" },
-    };
-    json message_assist {
-        { "role",    "assistant"     },
-        { "content", "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?" },
-    };
-    json message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_think {
-        { "role",    "assistant"     },
-        { "content", "<think>I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?" },
-    };
-    json message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_r7b {
-        { "role",    "assistant"     },
-        { "content", "<|START_THINKING|>I'm thinking<|END_THINKING|>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?" },
-    };
-    json message_assist_thoughts {
-        { "role",    "assistant"     },
-        { "content", "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?" },
-        { "reasoning_content", "I'm thinking" },
-    };
-    json tool_calls = json::array({{
-        { "type", "function" },
-        { "function", { { "name", "special_function" }, { "arguments", "{\"arg1\": 1}" } } },
-    }});
-
-    json message_assist_call {
-        { "role",       "assistant"},
-        { "content",    {}},
-        { "tool_calls", {
-            {
-                { "type", "function" },
-                { "function", {
-                    { "name", "special_function" },
-                    { "arguments", "{\"arg1\": 1}" },
-                }},
-            },
-        }},
-    };
-    json message_assist_call_thoughts = {
-        { "role",       "assistant"                },
-        { "content",    nullptr                    },
-        { "reasoning_content",   "I'm\nthinking"              },
-        { "tool_calls",  {
-            {
-                { "type", "function" },
-                { "function", {
-                    { "name", "special_function" },
-                    { "arguments", "{\"arg1\": 1}" },
-                }},
-            },
-        }},
-    };
-    json message_assist_call_thoughts_unparsed = {
-        { "role",       "assistant"                },
-        { "content",    "<think>I'm\nthinking</think>" },
-        { "tool_calls",  {
-            {
-                { "type", "function" },
-                { "function", {
-                    { "name", "special_function" },
-                    { "arguments", "{\"arg1\": 1}" },
-                }},
-            },
-        }},
-    };
-    json message_assist_call_id {
-        { "role",       "assistant"},
-        { "content",    {}},
-        { "tool_calls", {
-            {
-                { "type", "function" },
-                { "function", {
-                    { "name", "special_function" },
-                    { "arguments", "{\"arg1\": 1}" },
-                }},
-                {"id", "123456789"},
-            },
-        }},
-        { "role",       "assistant"                },
-        { "content",    {}                         },
-        { "tool_calls", tool_calls                  }
-    };
-    json message_assist_call_idx {
-        { "role",       "assistant"},
-        { "content",    {}},
-        { "tool_calls", {
-            {
-                { "type", "function" },
-                { "function", {
-                    { "name", "special_function" },
-                    { "arguments", "{\"arg1\": 1}" },
-                }},
-                // Index of the tool call in the tool_calls array
-                {"id", "0"},
-            },
-        }},
-        { "role",       "assistant"                },
-        { "content",    {}                         },
-        { "tool_calls", tool_calls                  }
-    };
-    json message_assist_call_tool_plan_idx = message_assist_call_idx;
-    message_assist_call_tool_plan_idx["tool_plan"] = "I'm thinking";
-
-    auto python_message_assist_call = json{
-        { "role",       "assistant"                },
-        { "content",    {}                         },
-        { "tool_calls", json{ {
-                            { "type", "function" },
-                            { "function",
-                              {
-                                  { "name", "python" },
-                                  { "arguments",
-                                    {
-                                        { "code", "print('hey')" },
-                                    } },
-                              } },
-                        } } }
+const common_chat_msg message_user {
+    "user",
+    "Hey there!",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    /* .tool_calls = */ {},
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+
+const common_chat_msg message_user_parts {
+    "user",
+    /* .content = */ "",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {
+        { "text", "Hey" },
+        { "text", "there" },
+    },
+    /* .tool_calls = */ {},
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist {
+    "assistant",
+    "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    /* .tool_calls = */ {},
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_think {
+    "assistant",
+    "<think>I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    /* .tool_calls = */ {},
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_r7b {
+    "assistant",
+    "<|START_THINKING|>I'm thinking<|END_THINKING|>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    /* .tool_calls = */ {},
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_thoughts {
+    "assistant",
+    "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    /* .tool_calls = */ {},
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "I'm thinking",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const std::vector<common_chat_tool_call> tool_calls {
+    { "special_function", "{\"arg1\": 1}", /* .id = */ "" },
+};
+const std::vector<common_chat_tool_call> tool_calls_idx {
+    { "special_function", "{\"arg1\": 1}", /* .id = */ "0" },
+};
+const std::vector<common_chat_tool_call> tool_calls_id {
+    { "special_function", "{\"arg1\": 1}", /* .id = */ "123456789" },
+};
+
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_call {
+    "assistant",
+    "",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    tool_calls,
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_call_thoughts = {
+    "assistant",
+    /* .content = */ "",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    tool_calls,
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "I'm\nthinking",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_call_thoughts_unparsed = {
+    "assistant",
+    /* .content = */ "<think>I'm\nthinking</think>",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    tool_calls,
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_call_id {
+    "assistant",
+    "",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    tool_calls_id,
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_call_idx {
+    "assistant",
+    "",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    tool_calls_idx,
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_call_python {
+    "assistant",
+    "",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    { { "python", "{\"code\": \"print('hey')\"}", /* .id = */ "" } },
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+const common_chat_msg message_assist_call_code_interpreter {
+    "assistant",
+    "",
+    /* .content_parts = */ {},
+    { { "code_interpreter", "{\"code\": \"print('hey')\"}", /* .id = */ "" } },
+    /* .reasoning_content = */ "",
+    /* .tool_name = */ "",
+    /* .tool_call_id = */ "",
+};
+
+static void test_msgs_oaicompat_json_conversion() {
+    std::vector<common_chat_msg> msgs{
+        message_user,
+        message_user_parts,
+        message_assist_call,
+        message_assist_call_thoughts,
+        message_assist_call_thoughts_unparsed,
+        message_assist_call_id,
+        message_assist_call_idx,
+        message_assist_call_python,
+        message_assist_call_code_interpreter,
     };
-    auto code_interpreter_message_assist_call = json{
-        { "role",       "assistant"                },
-        { "content",    {}                         },
-        { "tool_calls", json{ {
-                            { "type", "function" },
-                            { "function",
-                              {
-                                  { "name", "code_interpreter" },
-                                  { "arguments",
-                                    {
-                                        { "code", "print('hey')" },
-                                    } },
-                              } },
-                        } } }
+    for (const auto & msg : msgs) {
+        auto oai_json = common_chat_msgs_to_json_oaicompat<json>({msg});
+        auto msgs2 = common_chat_msgs_parse_oaicompat(oai_json);
+        assert_equals((size_t) 1, msgs2.size());
+        auto msg2 = msgs2[0];
+        assert_msg_equals(msg, msg2);
+    }
+    assert_equals(
+        std::string(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    \"role\": \"user\",\n"
+            "    \"content\": [\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        \"type\": \"text\",\n"
+            "        \"text\": \"Hey\"\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        \"type\": \"text\",\n"
+            "        \"text\": \"there\"\n"
+            "      }\n"
+            "    ]\n"
+            "  }\n"
+            "]"
+        ),
+        common_chat_msgs_to_json_oaicompat<json>({message_user_parts}).dump(2));
+
+    assert_equals(
+        std::string(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    \"role\": \"assistant\",\n"
+            "    \"content\": null,\n"
+            "    \"tool_calls\": [\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        \"type\": \"function\",\n"
+            "        \"function\": {\n"
+            "          \"name\": \"python\",\n"
+            "          \"arguments\": \"{\\\"code\\\": \\\"print('hey')\\\"}\"\n"
+            "        }\n"
+            "      }\n"
+            "    ]\n"
+            "  }\n"
+            "]"
+        ),
+        common_chat_msgs_to_json_oaicompat<json>({message_assist_call_python}).dump(2));
+
+    auto res = common_chat_msgs_parse_oaicompat(json::parse("[{\"role\": \"assistant\", \"tool_calls\": []}]"));
+    assert_equals<size_t>(1, res.size());
+    assert_equals<std::string>(res[0].role, "assistant");
+    assert_equals(true, res[0].content.empty());
+    assert_equals(true, res[0].tool_calls.empty());
+
+    try {
+        common_chat_msgs_parse_oaicompat(json::parse("[{\"role\": \"assistant\"}]"));
+        throw std::runtime_error("Expected exception");
+    } catch (const std::exception & e) {
+        if (std::string(e.what()).find("'content'") == std::string::npos) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("Expected exception about missing 'content'");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void test_tools_oaicompat_json_conversion() {
+    std::vector<common_chat_tool> tools{
+        special_function_tool,
+        python_tool,
+        code_interpreter_tool,
     };
 
-    common_chat_inputs inputs_no_tools;
-    inputs_no_tools.messages                = json::array({message_user});
+    for (const auto & tool : tools) {
+        auto oai_json = common_chat_tools_to_json_oaicompat<json>({tool});
+        auto tools2 = common_chat_tools_parse_oaicompat(oai_json);
+        assert_equals((size_t) 1, tools2.size());
+        auto tool2 = tools2[0];
+        assert_equals(tool.name, tool2.name);
+        assert_equals(tool.description, tool2.description);
+        assert_equals(json::parse(tool.parameters).dump(2), json::parse(tool2.parameters).dump(2));
+    }
+
+    assert_equals(
+        std::string(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    \"type\": \"function\",\n"
+            "    \"function\": {\n"
+            "      \"name\": \"special_function\",\n"
+            "      \"description\": \"I'm special\",\n"
+            "      \"parameters\": {\n"
+            "        \"type\": \"object\",\n"
+            "        \"properties\": {\n"
+            "          \"arg1\": {\n"
+            "            \"type\": \"integer\",\n"
+            "            \"description\": \"The arg.\"\n"
+            "          }\n"
+            "        },\n"
+            "        \"required\": [\n"
+            "          \"arg1\"\n"
+            "        ]\n"
+            "      }\n"
+            "    }\n"
+            "  }\n"
+            "]"
+        ),
+        common_chat_tools_to_json_oaicompat<json>({special_function_tool}).dump(2));
+}
+
+static void test_template_output_parsers() {
+
+    common_chat_templates_inputs inputs_no_tools;
+    inputs_no_tools.messages                = {message_user};
     inputs_no_tools.extract_reasoning       = false;
 
-    common_chat_inputs inputs_no_tools_think;
-    inputs_no_tools_think.messages          = json::array({message_user});
+    common_chat_templates_inputs inputs_no_tools_think;
+    inputs_no_tools_think.messages          = {message_user};
     inputs_no_tools_think.extract_reasoning = true;
 
-    common_chat_inputs inputs_tools;
-    inputs_tools.messages                   = json::array({message_user});
-    inputs_tools.tools                      = json::array({special_function_tool});
+    common_chat_templates_inputs inputs_tools;
+    inputs_tools.messages                   = {message_user};
+    inputs_tools.tools                      = {special_function_tool};
     inputs_tools.extract_reasoning          = false;
 
-    common_chat_inputs inputs_tools_think;
-    inputs_tools_think.messages             = json::array({message_user});
-    inputs_tools_think.tools                = json::array({special_function_tool});
+    common_chat_templates_inputs inputs_tools_think;
+    inputs_tools_think.messages             = {message_user};
+    inputs_tools_think.tools                = {special_function_tool};
     inputs_tools_think.extract_reasoning    = true;
 
-    common_chat_inputs inputs_tools_builtin;
-    inputs_tools_builtin.messages           = json::array({message_user});
-    inputs_tools_builtin.tools              = json::array({python_tool});
+    common_chat_templates_inputs inputs_tools_builtin;
+    inputs_tools_builtin.messages           = {message_user};
+    inputs_tools_builtin.tools              = {python_tool};
     inputs_tools_builtin.extract_reasoning  = false;
 
     {
         // Not supported yet
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/CohereForAI-c4ai-command-r-plus-tool_use.jinja"), "<s>", "</s>");
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_GENERIC, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/CohereForAI-c4ai-command-r-plus-tool_use.jinja");
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_GENERIC, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/CohereForAI-c4ai-command-r7b-12-2024-tool_use.jinja"), "<s>", "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/CohereForAI-c4ai-command-r7b-12-2024-tool_use.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<|END_OF_TURN_TOKEN|>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B,                   common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_no_tools).format);
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B,                   common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B_EXTRACT_REASONING, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools_think).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B,                   common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_no_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B,                   common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B_EXTRACT_REASONING, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools_think).format);
 
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist,
             common_chat_parse(
                 "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
                 COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B));
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist,
             common_chat_parse(
                 "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?<|END_RESPONSE|>",
                 COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B));
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist,
             common_chat_parse(
                 "<|START_RESPONSE|>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?<|END_RESPONSE|>",
                 COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B));
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_r7b),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_r7b,
             common_chat_parse(
                 "<|START_THINKING|>I'm thinking<|END_THINKING|>"
                 "<|START_RESPONSE|>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?<|END_RESPONSE|>",
                 COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B));
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_r7b),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_r7b,
             common_chat_parse(
                 "<|START_THINKING|>I'm thinking<|END_THINKING|>"
                 "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?<|END_RESPONSE|>",
                 COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B));
 
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_thoughts),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts,
             common_chat_parse(
                 "<|START_THINKING|>I'm thinking<|END_THINKING|>"
                 "<|START_RESPONSE|>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?<|END_RESPONSE|>",
                 COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_COMMAND_R7B_EXTRACT_REASONING));
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call_idx, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call_idx, tools,
                       "<|START_THINKING|><|END_THINKING|>"
                       "<|START_ACTION|>[\n"
                       "    {\"tool_call_id\": \"0\", \"tool_name\": \"special_function\", \"parameters\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
                       "]<|END_ACTION|>");
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call_tool_plan_idx, tools,
-                      "<|START_THINKING|>I'm thinking<|END_THINKING|>"
-                      "<|START_ACTION|>[\n"
-                      "    {\"tool_call_id\": \"0\", \"tool_name\": \"special_function\", \"parameters\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
-                      "]<|END_ACTION|>",
-                      /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ true,
-                      /* test_grammar_if_triggered= */ true,
-                      /* think= */ true);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools,
                       "<|START_RESPONSE|>Hello, world!\n"
                       "What's up?<|END_RESPONSE|>",
                       /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/google-gemma-2-2b-it.jinja"), "<s>", "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/google-gemma-2-2b-it.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<end_of_turn>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_CONTENT_ONLY, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_no_tools).format);
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_GENERIC, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_CONTENT_ONLY, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_no_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_GENERIC, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
         assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_GENERIC,
-                      common_chat_params_init(
-                          common_chat_template(read_file("models/templates/microsoft-Phi-3.5-mini-instruct.jinja"),
-                                               "<s>", "</s>"),
+                      common_chat_templates_apply(
+                          read_templates("models/templates/microsoft-Phi-3.5-mini-instruct.jinja").get(),
                           inputs_tools)
                           .format);
 
         // Generic tool calls doesn't generate / parse content-only messages symmetrically.
 
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist,
                           common_chat_parse("{\n"
                                             "  \"response\": \"Hello, world!\\nWhat's up?\"\n"
                                             "}",
-                                            common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format));
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call_id, tools,
+                                            common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format));
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call_id, tools,
                       "{\n"
                       "  \"tool_calls\": [\n"
                       "    {\n"
@@ -550,143 +651,233 @@ static void test_template_output_parsers() {
                       "}");
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/mistralai-Mistral-Nemo-Instruct-2407.jinja"), "<s>",
-                                        "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/mistralai-Mistral-Nemo-Instruct-2407.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "</s>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_MISTRAL_NEMO, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_MISTRAL_NEMO, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(
-            tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call_id, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        test_templates(
+            tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call_id, tools,
             "[TOOL_CALLS][{\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}, \"id\": \"123456789\"}]");
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(
-            read_file("models/templates/NousResearch-Hermes-2-Pro-Llama-3-8B-tool_use.jinja"), "<s>", "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/NousResearch-Hermes-2-Pro-Llama-3-8B-tool_use.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string> end_tokens{ "<|im_end|>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
         assert_equals(
             COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO,
-            common_chat_params_init(
-                common_chat_template(read_file("models/templates/NousResearch-Hermes-3-Llama-3.1-8B-tool_use.jinja"),
-                                     "<s>", "</s>"),
+            common_chat_templates_apply(
+                read_templates("models/templates/NousResearch-Hermes-3-Llama-3.1-8B-tool_use.jinja").get(),
                 inputs_tools)
                 .format);
         assert_equals(
             COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO,
-            common_chat_params_init(
-                common_chat_template(read_file("models/templates/Qwen-Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct.jinja"), "<s>", "</s>"),
+            common_chat_templates_apply(
+                read_templates("models/templates/Qwen-Qwen2.5-7B-Instruct.jinja").get(),
                 inputs_tools)
                 .format);
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
+        // Test parsing
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<tool_call>\n"
+            "{\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "</tool_call>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<function=special_function>{\"arg1\": 1}</function>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<function name=\"special_function\">\n"
+            "{\"arg1\": 1}\n"
+            "</function>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<tool>\n"
+            "  {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "</tool>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<tools>\n"
+            "  {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "</tools>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<response>\n"
+            "  {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "</response>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "```xml\n"
+            "<response>\n"
+            "    {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "</response>\n"
+            "```",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "```xml\n"
+            "  {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "```",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "```\n"
+            "  {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "```",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "```\n"
+            "{\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "```",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "```json\n"
+            "  {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "```",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "```json\n"
+            "\n"
+            "                    <function_call> {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}} \n"
+            "                    </function_call> \n"
+            "``` ",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<json>\n"
+            "  {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "</json>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<xml>\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    \"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}\n"
+            "  }\n"
+            "</xml>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "<JSON>\n"
+            "  {\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
+            "</JSON>",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "{\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call, common_chat_parse(
+            "{\n  \"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_think,
+            common_chat_parse("<think>I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_think,
+            common_chat_parse("I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts,
+            common_chat_parse("<think>I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO_EXTRACT_REASONING));
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts,
+            common_chat_parse("I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
+            COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_HERMES_2_PRO_EXTRACT_REASONING));
+
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
                       "<tool_call>\n"
                       "{\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}\n"
                       "</tool_call>");
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, python_message_assist_call, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call_python, tools,
                       "<tool_call>\n"
                       "{\"name\": \"python\", \"arguments\": {\"code\": \"print('hey')\"}}\n"
                       "</tool_call>");
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/meta-llama-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct.jinja"), "<s>",
-                                        "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/meta-llama-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<|eom_id|>", "<|eot_id|>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_LLAMA_3_X, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_LLAMA_3_X, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
         assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_LLAMA_3_X_WITH_BUILTIN_TOOLS,
-                      common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools_builtin).format);
+                      common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools_builtin).format);
         assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_LLAMA_3_X_WITH_BUILTIN_TOOLS,
-                      common_chat_params_init(
-                          common_chat_template(read_file("models/templates/meta-llama-Llama-3.3-70B-Instruct.jinja"),
-                                               "<s>", "</s>"),
+                      common_chat_templates_apply(
+                          read_templates("models/templates/meta-llama-Llama-3.3-70B-Instruct.jinja").get(),
                           inputs_tools_builtin)
                           .format);
 
-        // test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools, R"(?)", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, code_interpreter_message_assist_call, llama_3_1_tools,
+        // test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools, R"(?)", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call_code_interpreter, llama_3_1_tools,
                       "<|python_tag|>code_interpreter.call(code=\"print('hey')\")");
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, python_message_assist_call, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call_python, tools,
                       "<|python_tag|>python.call(code=\"print('hey')\")");
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
                       "{\"name\": \"special_function\", \"parameters\": {\"arg1\": 1}}");
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/meta-llama-Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct.jinja"), "<s>",
-                                        "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/meta-llama-Llama-3.2-3B-Instruct.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<|eom_id|>", "<|eot_id|>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_LLAMA_3_X, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_LLAMA_3_X, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
                       "{\"name\": \"special_function\", \"parameters\": {\"arg1\": 1}}");
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/meetkai-functionary-medium-v3.1.jinja"), "<s>",
-                                        "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/meetkai-functionary-medium-v3.1.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<|eom_id|>", "<|eot_id|>" };
 
         assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_FUNCTIONARY_V3_1_LLAMA_3_1,
-                      common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+                      common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
                       "<function=special_function>{\"arg1\": 1}</function>");
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/meetkai-functionary-medium-v3.2.jinja"), "<s>",
-                                        "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/meetkai-functionary-medium-v3.2.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<|eom_id|>", "<|eot_id|>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_FUNCTIONARY_V3_2, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_no_tools).format);
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_FUNCTIONARY_V3_2, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_FUNCTIONARY_V3_2, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_no_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_FUNCTIONARY_V3_2, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, {},
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, {},
                       "all\n"
                       "Hello, world!\n"
                       "What's up?",
                       /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
                       "special_function\n"
                       "{\"arg1\": 1}");
     }
     {
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/fireworks-ai-llama-3-firefunction-v2.jinja"), "<s>",
-                                        "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/fireworks-ai-llama-3-firefunction-v2.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<|eot_id|>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_FIREFUNCTION_V2, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_FIREFUNCTION_V2, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
                       " functools[{\"name\": \"special_function\", \"arguments\": {\"arg1\": 1}}]");
     }
     {
         // Original DeepSeek R1 template. Leaves <｜tool▁calls▁begin｜> and others unclosed. Our logic fixes the prompt.
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/deepseek-ai-DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Llama-8B.jinja"),
-                                        "<s>", "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/deepseek-ai-DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Llama-8B.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<｜end▁of▁sentence｜>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1,                   common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1_EXTRACT_REASONING, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools_think).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1,                   common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1_EXTRACT_REASONING, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools_think).format);
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_thoughts, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_think),
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_thoughts, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_think,
             common_chat_parse("<think>I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
             COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1));
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_thoughts),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts,
             common_chat_parse("<think>I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
             COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1_EXTRACT_REASONING));
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_thoughts),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts,
             // Latest template update (ast of 20250209) adds a trailing <think>\n if add_generation_prompt is true.
             common_chat_parse("I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
             COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1_EXTRACT_REASONING));
-        // test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
+        // test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
         //               "<｜tool▁calls▁begin｜><｜tool▁call▁begin｜>function<｜tool▁sep｜>special_function\n"
         //               "```json\n"
         //               "{\"arg1\": 1}\n"
@@ -697,23 +888,22 @@ static void test_template_output_parsers() {
     }
     {
         // Replacement DeepSeek R1 template. Makes the Distill Qwen 7B/32B models happy to call tools and all.
-        const common_chat_template tmpl(read_file("models/templates/llama-cpp-deepseek-r1.jinja"),
-                                        "<s>", "</s>");
+        auto tmpls = read_templates("models/templates/llama-cpp-deepseek-r1.jinja");
         std::vector<std::string>   end_tokens{ "<｜end▁of▁sentence｜>" };
 
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1,                   common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools).format);
-        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1_EXTRACT_REASONING, common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs_tools_think).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1,                   common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools).format);
+        assert_equals(COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1_EXTRACT_REASONING, common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs_tools_think).format);
 
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_thoughts, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_think),
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_thoughts, tools, "Hello, world!\nWhat's up?", /* expect_grammar_triggered= */ false);
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts_unparsed_think,
             common_chat_parse("<think>I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
             COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1));
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_thoughts),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_thoughts,
             common_chat_parse("<think>I'm thinking</think>Hello, world!\nWhat's up?",
             COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1_EXTRACT_REASONING));
 
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_call_thoughts_unparsed),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call_thoughts_unparsed,
             common_chat_parse(
                 "<think>I'm\nthinking</think>\n\n"
                 "<｜tool▁calls▁begin｜><｜tool▁call▁begin｜>function<｜tool▁sep｜>special_function\n"
@@ -721,7 +911,7 @@ static void test_template_output_parsers() {
                 "{\"arg1\": 1}\n"
                 "```<｜tool▁call▁end｜><｜tool▁calls▁end｜>",
                 COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1));
-        assert_msg_equals(msg_from_json(message_assist_call_thoughts),
+        assert_msg_equals(message_assist_call_thoughts,
             common_chat_parse(
                 "<think>I'm\nthinking</think>\n\n"
                 "<｜tool▁calls▁begin｜><｜tool▁call▁begin｜>function<｜tool▁sep｜>special_function\n"
@@ -729,7 +919,7 @@ static void test_template_output_parsers() {
                 "{\"arg1\": 1}\n"
                 "```<｜tool▁call▁end｜><｜tool▁calls▁end｜>",
                 COMMON_CHAT_FORMAT_DEEPSEEK_R1_EXTRACT_REASONING));
-        test_template(tmpl, end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
+        test_templates(tmpls.get(), end_tokens, message_assist_call, tools,
                 "<｜tool▁calls▁begin｜><｜tool▁call▁begin｜>function<｜tool▁sep｜>special_function\n"
                 "```json\n"
                 "{\"arg1\": 1}\n"
@@ -738,38 +928,46 @@ static void test_template_output_parsers() {
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
+    // try {
 #ifndef _WIN32
-    if (argc > 1) {
-        common_chat_inputs inputs;
-        inputs.messages = {
-            { { "role", "user" }, { "content", "Hey" } }
-        };
-        inputs.tools = json::array({ special_function_tool });
-
-        std::cout << "| Template | Format |\n";
-        std::cout << "|----------|--------|\n";
-
-        for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-            try {
-                std::string path = argv[i];
-                if (path.rfind(".jinja") != path.size() - 6) {
-                    std::cerr << "Skipping non-jinja file: " << path << std::endl;
-                    continue;
+        if (argc > 1) {
+            common_chat_templates_inputs inputs;
+            common_chat_msg msg;
+            msg.role = "user";
+            msg.content = "Hey";
+            inputs.messages = {msg};
+            inputs.tools = { special_function_tool };
+
+            std::cout << "| Template | Format |\n";
+            std::cout << "|----------|--------|\n";
+
+            for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+                try {
+                    std::string path = argv[i];
+                    if (path.rfind(".jinja") != path.size() - 6) {
+                        std::cerr << "Skipping non-jinja file: " << path << '\n';
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    auto tmpls = read_templates(path);
+                    auto parts  = string_split(path, "/");
+                    auto name   = parts[parts.size() - 1];
+                    auto format = common_chat_format_name(common_chat_templates_apply(tmpls.get(), inputs).format);
+                    std::cout << "| " << name << " | " << format << " |\n";
+                } catch (const std::exception & e) {
+                    std::cerr << "Failed to process " << argv[i] << ": " << e.what() << '\n';
                 }
-                common_chat_template tmpl(read_file(path), "", "");
-                auto parts  = string_split(path, "/");
-                auto name   = parts[parts.size() - 1];
-                auto format = common_chat_format_name(common_chat_params_init(tmpl, inputs).format);
-                std::cout << "| " << name << " | " << format << " |\n";
-            } catch (const std::exception & e) {
-                std::cerr << "Failed to process " << argv[i] << ": " << e.what() << std::endl;
             }
-        }
-    } else
+        } else
 #endif
-    {
-        test_template_output_parsers();
-        std::cout << "\n[chat] All tests passed!" << std::endl;
-    }
-    return 0;
+        {
+            test_msgs_oaicompat_json_conversion();
+            test_tools_oaicompat_json_conversion();
+            test_template_output_parsers();
+            std::cout << "\n[chat] All tests passed!" << '\n';
+        }
+        return 0;
+    // } catch (const std::exception & e) {
+    //     std::cerr << "Error: " << e.what() << '\n';
+    //     return 1;
+    // }
 }