@fraczak/k 6.2.4 → 6.3.2

package/benchmark-results.json

@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+{
+  "generatedAt": "2026-06-08T02:51:16.016Z",
+  "node": "v22.22.2",
+  "platform": "linux arm64",
+  "cpuCount": 8,
+  "samples": 3,
+  "timeoutMs": 120000,
+  "parallelJobs": 8,
+  "results": [
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "ieee.add",
+      "samples": [
+        447.74282700000003,
+        11.988949000000048,
+        6.373372999999901
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 155.368383,
+      "minMs": 6.373372999999901,
+      "maxMs": 447.74282700000003,
+      "setupMs": 2611.927592,
+      "maxRssMiB": 262.02734375,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 155.26434326171875,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 27.24445343017578,
+      "resultDigest": "d7b0ed6ef57dd554",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "ieee.add",
+      "samples": [
+        356.52031099999977,
+        87.59474500000033,
+        61.995670999999675
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 168.70357566666658,
+      "minMs": 61.995670999999675,
+      "maxMs": 356.52031099999977,
+      "setupMs": 2563.048168,
+      "maxRssMiB": 252.5703125,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 139.03865814208984,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 9.963470458984375,
+      "resultDigest": "d7b0ed6ef57dd554",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "ieee.add",
+      "samples": [
+        22.51372100000026,
+        2.6233070000002954,
+        2.53559899999982
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 9.224209000000124,
+      "minMs": 2.53559899999982,
+      "maxMs": 22.51372100000026,
+      "setupMs": 2733.047042,
+      "maxRssMiB": 245.69140625,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 136.9601593017578,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 8.301094055175781,
+      "resultDigest": "d7b0ed6ef57dd554",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "ieee.div",
+      "samples": [
+        1494.0216979999996,
+        247.03601399999934,
+        187.72085900000002
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 642.926190333333,
+      "minMs": 187.72085900000002,
+      "maxMs": 1494.0216979999996,
+      "setupMs": 2473.0460319999997,
+      "maxRssMiB": 302.87890625,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 187.9837646484375,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 59.79613494873047,
+      "resultDigest": "238b6430f024764d",
+      "resultBytes": 319
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "ieee.div",
+      "samples": [
+        2267.003936,
+        2140.1767010000003,
+        1925.5459679999994
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 2110.9088683333334,
+      "minMs": 1925.5459679999994,
+      "maxMs": 2267.003936,
+      "setupMs": 2448.4977569999996,
+      "maxRssMiB": 274.9453125,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 155.26318359375,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 30.547073364257812,
+      "resultDigest": "238b6430f024764d",
+      "resultBytes": 319
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "ieee.div",
+      "samples": [
+        76.03142400000024,
+        58.418858,
+        57.84806299999991
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 64.09944833333338,
+      "minMs": 57.84806299999991,
+      "maxMs": 76.03142400000024,
+      "setupMs": 2452.4751149999997,
+      "maxRssMiB": 218.34765625,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 103.76214599609375,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 1.9882583618164062,
+      "resultDigest": "238b6430f024764d",
+      "resultBytes": 319
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "ieee.mul",
+      "samples": [
+        1233.2960589999998,
+        162.31878700000016,
+        147.70536400000037
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 514.4400700000001,
+      "minMs": 147.70536400000037,
+      "maxMs": 1233.2960589999998,
+      "setupMs": 2464.557772,
+      "maxRssMiB": 296.69921875,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 182.89031219482422,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 40.20558166503906,
+      "resultDigest": "4c83c565baa5bb08",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "ieee.mul",
+      "samples": [
+        2359.545586,
+        1981.5436869999994,
+        2235.1848250000003
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 2192.091366,
+      "minMs": 1981.5436869999994,
+      "maxMs": 2359.545586,
+      "setupMs": 2494.265413,
+      "maxRssMiB": 263.08203125,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 147.53301239013672,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 16.31543731689453,
+      "resultDigest": "4c83c565baa5bb08",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "ieee.mul",
+      "samples": [
+        102.26896099999976,
+        54.66246000000001,
+        52.20027800000025
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 69.71056633333335,
+      "minMs": 52.20027800000025,
+      "maxMs": 102.26896099999976,
+      "setupMs": 2648.174606,
+      "maxRssMiB": 248.7890625,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 145.31277465820312,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 19.026832580566406,
+      "resultDigest": "4c83c565baa5bb08",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "ieee.sub",
+      "samples": [
+        517.2682530000002,
+        46.239408999999796,
+        23.57639399999971
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 195.69468533333324,
+      "minMs": 23.57639399999971,
+      "maxMs": 517.2682530000002,
+      "setupMs": 2581.687532,
+      "maxRssMiB": 268.609375,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 151.7156524658203,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 19.859275817871094,
+      "resultDigest": "5c7179ae0117965a",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "ieee.sub",
+      "samples": [
+        512.3046810000001,
+        273.7816780000003,
+        327.3219220000001
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 371.1360936666668,
+      "minMs": 273.7816780000003,
+      "maxMs": 512.3046810000001,
+      "setupMs": 2493.3290309999998,
+      "maxRssMiB": 253.37109375,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 134.08831787109375,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": -4.949058532714844,
+      "resultDigest": "5c7179ae0117965a",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "ieee.sub",
+      "samples": [
+        32.63270000000011,
+        8.940972000000329,
+        11.802614000000176
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 17.79209533333354,
+      "minMs": 8.940972000000329,
+      "maxMs": 32.63270000000011,
+      "setupMs": 2452.8188670000004,
+      "maxRssMiB": 212.8203125,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 100.97000122070312,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": -2.9156417846679688,
+      "resultDigest": "5c7179ae0117965a",
+      "resultBytes": 316
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.101",
+      "samples": [
+        1008.146804,
+        1010.4200680000001,
+        927.0946409999997
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 981.887171,
+      "minMs": 927.0946409999997,
+      "maxMs": 1010.4200680000001,
+      "setupMs": 154.14531999999997,
+      "maxRssMiB": 144.66796875,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 50.41716766357422,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 23.594528198242188,
+      "resultDigest": "c48039eab26792fd",
+      "resultBytes": 3201
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.101",
+      "samples": [
+        4155.8708879999995,
+        3962.579386999999,
+        3794.4382920000007
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 3970.962855666666,
+      "minMs": 3794.4382920000007,
+      "maxMs": 4155.8708879999995,
+      "setupMs": 206.03668,
+      "maxRssMiB": 186.40234375,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 88.2265396118164,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 63.99357604980469,
+      "resultDigest": "c48039eab26792fd",
+      "resultBytes": 3201
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.101",
+      "samples": [
+        220.68472700000007,
+        208.8797800000001,
+        210.9588349999999
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 213.5077806666667,
+      "minMs": 208.8797800000001,
+      "maxMs": 220.68472700000007,
+      "setupMs": 214.25627199999997,
+      "maxRssMiB": 134.63671875,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 30.165908813476562,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 4.183555603027344,
+      "resultDigest": "c48039eab26792fd",
+      "resultBytes": 3201
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "failed",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.1174",
+      "code": 1,
+      "signal": null,
+      "stderr": "RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n    at executeInstruction (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:279:28)\n    at executeBlock (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:268:17)\n    at executeInstruction (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:405:27)\n    at executeBlock (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:268:17)\n    at executeInstruction (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:429:27)\n    at executeBlock (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:268:17)\n    at executeKVM (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:451:18)\n    at executeInstruction (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:371:19)\n    at executeBlock (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:268:17)\n    at executeInstruction (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:429:27)"
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "failed",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.1174",
+      "code": 1,
+      "signal": null,
+      "stderr": "RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n    at visit (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/Value.mjs:68:17)\n    at cloneSubpattern (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/Value.mjs:78:3)\n    at edgeSubpattern (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/Value.mjs:87:10)\n    at projectionPattern (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:126:32)\n    at Object.fn [as target] (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:205:52)\n    at Array.fn (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:151:23)\n    at Object.fn [as target] (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:219:27)\n    at Array.fn (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:151:23)\n    at Object.fn [as target] (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:246:32)\n    at Array.fn (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:151:23)"
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "failed",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.1174",
+      "code": 1,
+      "signal": null,
+      "stderr": "RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n    at Object.fn [as target] (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:414:12)\n    at Array.fn (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:345:23)\n    at Object.fn [as target] (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:392:27)\n    at fn (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:345:23)\n    at Object.fn [as target] (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:363:61)\n    at Array.fn (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:345:23)\n    at Object.fn [as target] (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:392:27)\n    at Array.fn (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:345:23)\n    at Object.fn [as target] (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:404:34)\n    at fn (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/run.mjs:345:23)"
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.242",
+      "samples": [
+        9212.264533000001,
+        8737.175806,
+        8607.513240999997
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 8852.31786,
+      "minMs": 8607.513240999997,
+      "maxMs": 9212.264533000001,
+      "setupMs": 218.00846100000007,
+      "maxRssMiB": 201.8203125,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 21.159713745117188,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": -17.372802734375,
+      "resultDigest": "2d5fded69485a5de",
+      "resultBytes": 9447
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.242",
+      "samples": [
+        33301.702731000005,
+        28909.626589,
+        28784.374435000005
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 30331.90125166667,
+      "minMs": 28784.374435000005,
+      "maxMs": 33301.702731000005,
+      "setupMs": 233.95651699999996,
+      "maxRssMiB": 191.296875,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 22.9791259765625,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": -2.4043426513671875,
+      "resultDigest": "2d5fded69485a5de",
+      "resultBytes": 9447
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "int.factorial.242",
+      "samples": [
+        2151.695687,
+        2165.5316169999996,
+        2067.250534999999
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 2128.1592796666664,
+      "minMs": 2067.250534999999,
+      "maxMs": 2165.5316169999996,
+      "setupMs": 211.027419,
+      "maxRssMiB": 174.53515625,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 77.53760528564453,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 51.71900177001953,
+      "resultDigest": "2d5fded69485a5de",
+      "resultBytes": 9447
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "int.gcd.90d",
+      "samples": [
+        1515.073453,
+        1403.5270610000002,
+        1498.0233900000003
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 1472.207968,
+      "minMs": 1403.5270610000002,
+      "maxMs": 1515.073453,
+      "setupMs": 255.31398199999995,
+      "maxRssMiB": 154.3203125,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 58.64311981201172,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 21.39154052734375,
+      "resultDigest": "5d1377581b4f4558",
+      "resultBytes": 783
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "int.gcd.90d",
+      "samples": [
+        9585.996507999998,
+        8697.202526000001,
+        8497.087249
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 8926.762094333333,
+      "minMs": 8497.087249,
+      "maxMs": 9585.996507999998,
+      "setupMs": 274.172347,
+      "maxRssMiB": 185.015625,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 41.226470947265625,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 15.748123168945312,
+      "resultDigest": "5d1377581b4f4558",
+      "resultBytes": 783
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "int.gcd.90d",
+      "samples": [
+        429.591549,
+        426.7347819999999,
+        483.9726750000002
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 446.7663353333334,
+      "minMs": 426.7347819999999,
+      "maxMs": 483.9726750000002,
+      "setupMs": 244.61237400000005,
+      "maxRssMiB": 145.96484375,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 52.13642120361328,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 27.70124053955078,
+      "resultDigest": "5d1377581b4f4558",
+      "resultBytes": 783
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "failed",
+      "mode": "kVM Interpreter (Env-Free)",
+      "case": "int.times.220d",
+      "code": 1,
+      "signal": null,
+      "stderr": "RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded\n    at Value.hasOwn (<anonymous>)\n    at Function.hasOwn (<anonymous>)\n    at isVariant (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/Value.mjs:44:12)\n    at executeInstruction (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:334:12)\n    at executeBlock (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:268:17)\n    at executeInstruction (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:405:27)\n    at executeBlock (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:268:17)\n    at executeInstruction (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:429:27)\n    at executeBlock (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:268:17)\n    at executeKVM (file:///home/wojtek/gits/k/kvm.mjs:451:18)"
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Aware)",
+      "case": "int.times.220d",
+      "samples": [
+        18565.357441,
+        16694.949756,
+        15405.098607
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 16888.468601333334,
+      "minMs": 15405.098607,
+      "maxMs": 18565.357441,
+      "setupMs": 336.384312,
+      "maxRssMiB": 186.9453125,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 40.17704772949219,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 14.222763061523438,
+      "resultDigest": "fe1d1bb07a950218",
+      "resultBytes": 8763
+    },
+    {
+      "status": "ok",
+      "mode": "Native JS (Envelope-Free)",
+      "case": "int.times.220d",
+      "samples": [
+        1040.311709,
+        1067.6816689999998,
+        1018.106698
+      ],
+      "avgMs": 1042.0333586666668,
+      "minMs": 1018.106698,
+      "maxMs": 1067.6816689999998,
+      "setupMs": 293.96959400000003,
+      "maxRssMiB": 180.08203125,
+      "heapUsedMiB": 68.24949645996094,
+      "heapDeltaMiB": 41.00365447998047,
+      "resultDigest": "fe1d1bb07a950218",
+      "resultBytes": 8763
+    }
+  ]
+}

package/codecs/example-pipeline.mjs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 import { deriveClosedPattern } from './runtime/codec.mjs';
 import { encodeToWire, decodeWire } from './runtime/prefix-codec.mjs';
 import { patternToPropertyList } from './runtime/pattern-json.mjs';
-import { Product, Variant } from '../Value.mjs';
+import { Value, isVariant } from '../Value.mjs';
 import hash from '../hash.mjs';
 import { argv, exit } from 'node:process';
 
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ function resolveType(typeName) {
 // Step 3: Create input value: Maybe Bool = something(true)
 // ============================================================================
 
-const inputValue = new Variant(
+const inputValue = Value.variant(
   'something',
-  new Variant('true', new Product({}))
+  Value.variant('true', Value.product({}))
 );
 
 console.log('Input value:', inputValue.toString());
@@ -119,14 +119,14 @@ console.log('Program sees value:', programInput.toString());
 
 // Example transformation: NOT operation (flip bool inside Maybe)
 let programOutput;
-if (programInput instanceof Variant && programInput.tag === 'something') {
+if (isVariant(programInput) && programInput.tag === 'something') {
   const innerBool = programInput.value;
-  if (innerBool instanceof Variant) {
-    const flipped = new Variant(
+  if (isVariant(innerBool)) {
+    const flipped = Value.variant(
       innerBool.tag === 'true' ? 'false' : 'true',
       innerBool.value
     );
-    programOutput = new Variant('something', flipped);
+    programOutput = Value.variant('something', flipped);
   }
 } else {
   programOutput = programInput; // nothing → nothing

package/codecs/ieee.mjs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env node
 
 import { stdin, stdout, argv, exit } from "node:process";
-import { Product, Variant } from "../Value.mjs";
+import { Value, isProduct, isVariant } from "../Value.mjs";
 import { isMainEntrypoint } from "./runtime/cli-entry.mjs";
 import { decodeWire, encodeToWire } from "./runtime/prefix-codec.mjs";
 import { FLOAT64_PATTERN } from "./runtime/ieee-pattern.mjs";
-const UNIT = new Product({});
+const UNIT = Value.product({});
 const name = "ieee";
 const patterns = [FLOAT64_PATTERN];
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ function usage(stream = console.error) {
 }
 
 function bitValue(bit) {
-  return new Variant(bit === 0 ? "0" : "1", UNIT);
+  return Value.variant(bit === 0 ? "0" : "1", UNIT);
 }
 
 function bitsProduct(width, value) {
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ function bitsProduct(width, value) {
   for (let i = width - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     product[String(i)] = bitValue(Number((big >> BigInt(i)) & 1n));
   }
-  return new Product(product);
+  return Value.product(product);
 }
 
 function encodeNumberToValue(number) {
@@ -37,22 +37,22 @@ function encodeNumberToValue(number) {
   const exponent = Number((bits >> 52n) & 0x7ffn);
   const fraction = bits & ((1n << 52n) - 1n);
 
-  return new Product({
-    sign: new Variant(sign === 0 ? "+" : "-", UNIT),
+  return Value.product({
+    sign: Value.variant(sign === 0 ? "+" : "-", UNIT),
     exponent: bitsProduct(11, exponent),
     fraction: bitsProduct(52, fraction)
   });
 }
 
 function requireProduct(value, where) {
-  if (!(value instanceof Product)) {
+  if (!isProduct(value)) {
     throw new Error(`${where}: expected Product`);
   }
   return value.product;
 }
 
 function requireVariant(value, where) {
-  if (!(value instanceof Variant)) {
+  if (!isVariant(value)) {
     throw new Error(`${where}: expected Variant`);
   }
   return value;

package/codecs/int.mjs

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  */
 
 import { stdin, stdout, argv, exit } from "node:process";
-import { Product, Variant } from "../Value.mjs";
+import { Value, isVariant } from "../Value.mjs";
 import { isMainEntrypoint } from "./runtime/cli-entry.mjs";
 import { decodeWire, encodeToWire } from "./runtime/prefix-codec.mjs";
 
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ function readAll(stream) {
 // Build bits Value (MSB outermost) from a non-negative BigInt.
 function buildBits(n) {
   const bitChars = n === 0n ? ["0"] : n.toString(2).split("");
-  let v = new Variant("_", new Product({}));
+  let v = Value.variant("_", Value.product({}));
   for (let i = bitChars.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-    v = new Variant(bitChars[i], v);
+    v = Value.variant(bitChars[i], v);
   }
   return v;
 }
@@ -65,18 +65,18 @@ function parseIntStr(str) {
   }
   const n = BigInt(str);
   if (n === 0n) sign = "+"; // zero is always '+'
-  return new Variant(sign, buildBits(n));
+  return Value.variant(sign, buildBits(n));
 }
 
 // Walk a decoded int Value (Variant sign → bits) and return a decimal string.
 function printIntValue(value) {
-  if (!(value instanceof Variant) || (value.tag !== "+" && value.tag !== "-")) {
+  if (!isVariant(value) || (value.tag !== "+" && value.tag !== "-")) {
     throw new Error("Not a valid k int value");
   }
   const sign = value.tag;
   let bits = "";
   let node = value.value;
-  while (node instanceof Variant && node.tag !== "_") {
+  while (isVariant(node) && node.tag !== "_") {
     bits += node.tag;
     node = node.value;
   }