@fgv/ts-agent-memory-sqlite-vec 5.1.0-45 → 5.1.0-47

package/.rush/temp/{e3385c5c74e11d46b4fbe400b497eb3f33a009b6.tar.log → 2b1ffec4a34b11a2a7317510ba4142ae814069d2.tar.log}

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-Start time: Tue Jul 28 2026 04:22:19 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)
-Invoking "/usr/bin/tar -c -f /home/runner/work/fgv/fgv/common/temp/build-cache/e3385c5c74e11d46b4fbe400b497eb3f33a009b6-118f2b79c2ea05af.temp -z --files-from=-"
+Start time: Fri Aug 07 2026 01:16:31 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)
+Invoking "/usr/bin/tar -c -f /home/runner/work/fgv/fgv/common/temp/build-cache/2b1ffec4a34b11a2a7317510ba4142ae814069d2-45b8b383732483ea.temp -z --files-from=-"
 
 ======= BEGIN PROCESS INPUT ======
 .rush/temp/operation/build/all.log

package/.rush/temp/chunked-rush-logs/ts-agent-memory-sqlite-vec.build.chunks.jsonl

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@
 {"kind":"O","text":"[build:lint] Using ESLint version 9.39.5\n"}
 {"kind":"O","text":"[build:api-extractor] Using API Extractor version 7.58.9\n"}
 {"kind":"O","text":"[build:api-extractor] Analysis will use the bundled TypeScript version 5.9.3\n"}
-{"kind":"O","text":" ---- build finished (5.393s) ---- \n"}
-{"kind":"O","text":"-------------------- Finished (5.398s) --------------------\n"}
+{"kind":"O","text":" ---- build finished (6.758s) ---- \n"}
+{"kind":"O","text":"-------------------- Finished (6.764s) --------------------\n"}

package/.rush/temp/operation/build/all.log

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@ Invoking: heft build --clean
 [build:lint] Using ESLint version 9.39.5
 [build:api-extractor] Using API Extractor version 7.58.9
 [build:api-extractor] Analysis will use the bundled TypeScript version 5.9.3
- ---- build finished (5.393s) ---- 
--------------------- Finished (5.398s) --------------------
+ ---- build finished (6.758s) ---- 
+-------------------- Finished (6.764s) --------------------

package/.rush/temp/operation/build/log-chunks.jsonl

@@ -5,5 +5,5 @@
 {"kind":"O","text":"[build:lint] Using ESLint version 9.39.5\n"}
 {"kind":"O","text":"[build:api-extractor] Using API Extractor version 7.58.9\n"}
 {"kind":"O","text":"[build:api-extractor] Analysis will use the bundled TypeScript version 5.9.3\n"}
-{"kind":"O","text":" ---- build finished (5.393s) ---- \n"}
-{"kind":"O","text":"-------------------- Finished (5.398s) --------------------\n"}
+{"kind":"O","text":" ---- build finished (6.758s) ---- \n"}
+{"kind":"O","text":"-------------------- Finished (6.764s) --------------------\n"}

package/.rush/temp/operation/build/state.json

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 {
-  "nonCachedDurationMs": 6091.954242000007
+  "nonCachedDurationMs": 7360.023130000001
 }

package/README.md

@@ -83,12 +83,26 @@ const hits = (await retriever.retrieve({ semantic: 'refund policy', topK: 5, max
 // each hit carries { target, locator: { start, end }, score } — read the record, slice the span.
 ```
 
-- Keyed on `target_key` as a `vec0` **`PARTITION KEY`** (many rows share it), with the `[start, end)` offsets in auxiliary columns — so `addFragments` is whole-record-replace, `remove` drops every fragment of a target, and both are per-target-clean.
+- Keyed on `target_key` as a `vec0` **`PARTITION KEY`** (many rows share it), with each fragment's identity in auxiliary columns (`+start_off`, `+end_off`, `+fragment_id`) — so `addFragments` is whole-record-replace, `remove` drops every fragment of a target, and both are per-target-clean.
 - `query(vector, topK, maxPerRecord?)` applies the optional per-record cap **during selection, before the `topK` cut**, so one long document cannot crowd others out.
 - Same dimension-establishment, cosine scoring (`score = 1 − cosineDistance`), reopen-recovery, and loud-failure contract as the record index — byte-identical to `InMemoryFragmentCosineIndex`.
 
+A fragment must carry **at least one** of `locator` / `fragmentId`. The `locator` span is *advisory* — the region of the body the fragment was derived from, **not** a slice guaranteed to reproduce its text — so a rewriting segmenter should omit it and supply a `fragmentId` instead. `fragmentId` is an **opaque bytestring**: stored and returned verbatim, never parsed, never filtered on. Its stability across re-embeds is the caller's business, not this index's (`addFragments` is whole-record-replace, so an updated record re-emits its whole fragment set).
+
 Hold the record and fragment indexes in **distinct tables** (default `memory_vectors` vs `memory_fragments`, or supply `tableName`); they are fully independent and may share one database file.
 
+## Upgrading: `vec0` schema changes require a drop-and-re-index
+
+**There are no in-place migrations for the `vec0` tables this package writes.** When a release changes a table's shape — a new auxiliary column, a different column set — you must **drop the table and re-index**. `DROP TABLE "memory_fragments"` (or point the index at a fresh `tableName`), then re-add every fragment.
+
+This is a property of `vec0`, not a choice: `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS` is a no-op against an existing table — SQLite never compares schemas — and `vec0` has no `ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN`. An old table therefore survives an upgrade untouched and only fails later, opaquely, when a widened statement is prepared.
+
+`SqliteVecFragmentIndex.create` **detects this up front** and fails with a message naming the expected and found columns and stating the remedy, rather than letting `no such column: fragment_id` surface at statement-prepare time.
+
+**The cost is embedding time, never data.** Vectors are derived artifacts — the records in your `FileTreeMemoryStore` vault remain the source of truth — so a re-index re-derives what was dropped and loses nothing.
+
+Known instance: the release that added `IEmbeddedFragment.fragmentId` added a `+fragment_id` auxiliary column to the fragment table. A fragment database written before it must be dropped and re-indexed. (The record table used by `SqliteVecVectorIndex` is unchanged.)
+
 ## Not in scope
 
 Deliberately excluded — reach for the upstream libraries (or a different backend) directly if you need these:
@@ -97,7 +111,7 @@ Deliberately excluded — reach for the upstream libraries (or a different backe
 - **Connection lifecycle.** You open and close the `better-sqlite3` `Database`; this index never does. Pooling, WAL/pragma tuning, backups, and multi-process coordination are yours.
 - **Embedding.** This is a vector *index*, not an embedder — the store's consumer-wired `MemoryEmbedder` produces the vectors (`@fgv/ts-extras/ai-assist` `callProviderEmbedding`, `@fgv/ts-extras-transformers`, etc.).
 - **A browser sibling.** `better-sqlite3` is Node-only. A WASM-SQLite browser variant, if ever needed, is a separate package.
-- **Schema migration across dimension change.** Re-embedding with a different-dimension model against an existing table fails loudly; drop the table (or use a new `tableName`) to re-index.
+- **Schema migration of any kind.** Re-embedding with a different-dimension model against an existing table fails loudly, and a package release that changes a `vec0` table's columns requires a drop-and-re-index — see [Upgrading](#upgrading-vec0-schema-changes-require-a-drop-and-re-index). Drop the table (or use a new `tableName`) to re-index; `vec0` cannot be altered in place.
 
 ## Runtime requirements
 

package/dist/packlets/sqlite-vec-index/sqliteVecFragmentIndex.js

@@ -9,6 +9,19 @@ import { edgeTargetKey } from '@fgv/ts-agent-memory';
 const DEFAULT_TABLE_NAME = 'memory_fragments';
 /** A simple SQL identifier — the only shape allowed for the table name (it is interpolated into DDL). */
 const IDENTIFIER_RE = /^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/;
+/**
+ * The auxiliary (`+`-prefixed) columns this version of the index writes. A table
+ * created by an earlier version carries a different set; see
+ * {@link SqliteVecFragmentIndex._readExistingDimension} for why that has to be
+ * detected explicitly rather than migrated.
+ */
+const AUXILIARY_COLUMNS = ['start_off', 'end_off', 'fragment_id'];
+/**
+ * Matches one `+name` auxiliary-column declaration in a `vec0` `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE`
+ * statement. Only ever consumed via `String.matchAll`, which iterates a clone rather
+ * than advancing this instance's `lastIndex`, so the shared `/g` regex is reusable.
+ */
+const AUXILIARY_COLUMN_RE = /\+\s*([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)/g;
 /**
  * A persistent, `sqlite-vec`-backed `IFragmentVectorIndex` (from
  * `@fgv/ts-agent-memory`) — the fragment-granular sibling of
@@ -18,12 +31,25 @@ const IDENTIFIER_RE = /^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/;
  * @remarks
  * Where {@link SqliteVecVectorIndex} keys one vector per record on a
  * `target_key` primary key, this index holds **many** vectors per record — one per
- * in-record `[start, end)` span — so it keys the `vec0` table on `target_key` as a
- * **`PARTITION KEY`** (many rows may share it) and stores each fragment's locator
- * offsets in two auxiliary columns (`+start_off`, `+end_off`) that ride alongside
- * the vector and are returned on query but never filtered. A query is a brute-force
- * `vec0` KNN scan across all partitions returning per-fragment hits, each carrying
- * its record `target` and the matched `locator`.
+ * fragment — so it keys the `vec0` table on `target_key` as a **`PARTITION KEY`**
+ * (many rows may share it) and stores each fragment's identity in three auxiliary
+ * columns (`+start_off`, `+end_off`, `+fragment_id`) that ride alongside the vector
+ * and are returned on query but never filtered — in particular `fragment_id` is
+ * stored and returned verbatim, never parsed and never part of the query path. A
+ * query is a brute-force `vec0` KNN scan across all partitions returning per-fragment
+ * hits, each carrying its record `target` plus whichever identity fields the stored
+ * fragment was added with (a fragment must carry at least one).
+ *
+ * **`vec0` schema changes require a drop-and-re-index.** A
+ * `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS` is a no-op against an existing table (SQLite
+ * does not compare schemas) and `vec0` has no `ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN`, so a database written by an
+ * earlier version of this package keeps its old auxiliary columns. `create` detects
+ * that by parsing the stored `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE` SQL and fails with an actionable
+ * message naming the expected and found columns, rather than letting a widened
+ * `INSERT` surface an opaque `no such column` at statement-prepare time. There are no
+ * in-place migrations: drop the table (or use a fresh `tableName`) and re-index.
+ * Fragment vectors are re-derivable from the records, so this costs embedding time,
+ * never data.
  *
  * Semantics match `InMemoryFragmentCosineIndex` exactly: `addFragments` is
  * whole-record-replace (a single transaction deletes every prior fragment of the
@@ -66,12 +92,15 @@ export class SqliteVecFragmentIndex {
     /**
      * Family-convention factory. Loads the `sqlite-vec` extension onto the supplied
      * `better-sqlite3` connection and, if the fragment table already exists (a
-     * reopened persistent file), recovers its established dimension so no
-     * re-embedding is needed on open.
+     * reopened persistent file), verifies its auxiliary-column set matches this
+     * version's and recovers its established dimension so no re-embedding is needed on
+     * open.
      *
      * @param params - See {@link ISqliteVecFragmentIndexCreateParams}.
      * @returns `Success` with the index, or `Failure` if the table name is not a
-     * simple identifier or the extension fails to load.
+     * simple identifier, the extension fails to load, or the existing table was
+     * written by a version with a different auxiliary-column set (which requires a
+     * drop-and-re-index — `vec0` cannot be altered in place).
      */
     static create(params) {
         var _a;
@@ -98,11 +127,19 @@ export class SqliteVecFragmentIndex {
             if (fragment.vector.length === 0) {
                 return Promise.resolve(fail(`fragment index: cannot add '${key}': empty fragment vector`));
             }
+            // A fragment carrying neither identity cannot be resolved back to anything by a
+            // consumer holding the hit — the same invariant `embeddedFragmentConverter`
+            // enforces at the untyped boundary, re-checked here at the index seam.
+            if (fragment.locator === undefined && fragment.fragmentId === undefined) {
+                return Promise.resolve(fail(`fragment index: cannot add '${key}': fragment requires at least one of 'locator' or 'fragmentId'`));
+            }
             // Locator offsets are persisted as SQLite integers (bound via BigInt). Reject a
             // non-safe-integer offset up front with a clear message, rather than letting
             // `BigInt(nonInteger)` throw cryptically inside the write transaction OR storing
             // a value the read-side `_toOffset` guard would later reject on every query.
-            if (!Number.isSafeInteger(fragment.locator.start) || !Number.isSafeInteger(fragment.locator.end)) {
+            // An absent locator persists as a NULL offset pair and skips the check.
+            if (fragment.locator !== undefined &&
+                (!Number.isSafeInteger(fragment.locator.start) || !Number.isSafeInteger(fragment.locator.end))) {
                 return Promise.resolve(fail(`fragment index: cannot add '${key}': locator [${fragment.locator.start}, ${fragment.locator.end}) offsets must be safe integers`));
             }
             if (dimension === undefined) {
@@ -180,36 +217,39 @@ export class SqliteVecFragmentIndex {
                     perRecord.set(row.target_key, used + 1);
                 }
                 const key = row.target_key;
-                hits.push({
-                    target: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._parseKey(key),
-                    score: 1 - row.distance,
-                    locator: {
-                        start: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset(row.start_off, key),
-                        end: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset(row.end_off, key)
-                    }
-                });
+                hits.push(Object.assign({ target: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._parseKey(key), score: 1 - row.distance }, SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toIdentity(row, key)));
             }
             return hits;
         }).withErrorFormat((e) => `fragment index: query failed: ${e}`));
     }
-    /** Create the fragment `vec0` virtual table with the established dimension. */
+    /**
+     * Create the fragment `vec0` virtual table with the established dimension. The
+     * auxiliary columns must stay in sync with `AUXILIARY_COLUMNS`, which
+     * `create` compares against an existing table's stored DDL.
+     */
     _createTable(dimension) {
         this._db.exec(`CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "${this._table}" USING vec0(` +
             `target_key TEXT PARTITION KEY, embedding float[${dimension}] distance_metric=cosine, ` +
-            `+start_off integer, +end_off integer)`);
+            `+start_off integer, +end_off integer, +fragment_id text)`);
     }
     /** Prepare the statements the index reuses. Requires the table to exist. */
     _prepare() {
         const del = this._db.prepare(`DELETE FROM "${this._table}" WHERE target_key = ?`);
-        const ins = this._db.prepare(`INSERT INTO "${this._table}"(target_key, embedding, start_off, end_off) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)`);
+        const ins = this._db.prepare(`INSERT INTO "${this._table}"(target_key, embedding, start_off, end_off, fragment_id) ` +
+            `VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`);
         // Whole-record replace: drop every prior fragment of the target, then insert the
         // new set, atomically. An empty set collapses to a pure delete.
         const replaceTxn = this._db.transaction((key, fragments) => {
+            var _a;
             del.run(key);
             for (const fragment of fragments) {
                 ins.run(key, SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toBlob(fragment.vector), 
-                // vec0 typed columns reject a JS float; bind the offsets as integers.
-                BigInt(fragment.locator.start), BigInt(fragment.locator.end));
+                // vec0 typed columns reject a JS float; bind the offsets as integers. An
+                // absent locator binds the pair as NULL — never a partial pair, so the read
+                // side can treat a half-NULL pair as corruption rather than a legal shape.
+                fragment.locator === undefined ? null : BigInt(fragment.locator.start), fragment.locator === undefined ? null : BigInt(fragment.locator.end), 
+                // Stored verbatim and never parsed; absent binds as NULL.
+                (_a = fragment.fragmentId) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : null);
             }
         });
         return {
@@ -217,15 +257,23 @@ export class SqliteVecFragmentIndex {
             replace: (key, fragments) => {
                 replaceTxn(key, fragments);
             },
-            query: this._db.prepare(`SELECT target_key, start_off, end_off, distance FROM "${this._table}" WHERE embedding MATCH ? AND k = ?`),
+            query: this._db.prepare(`SELECT target_key, start_off, end_off, fragment_id, distance FROM "${this._table}" ` +
+                `WHERE embedding MATCH ? AND k = ?`),
             fragmentCount: this._db.prepare(`SELECT count(*) AS c FROM "${this._table}"`),
             recordCount: this._db.prepare(`SELECT count(DISTINCT target_key) AS c FROM "${this._table}"`)
         };
     }
     /**
      * Recover the established dimension of an existing fragment `vec0` table from its
-     * stored `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE` SQL (`float[<n>]`). Returns `undefined` when the
+     * stored `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE` SQL (`float[<n>]`), after checking that the table's
+     * auxiliary columns match `AUXILIARY_COLUMNS`. Returns `undefined` when the
      * table does not exist yet (a fresh database — dimension is set by the first add).
+     *
+     * Throws when a table of that name exists but is not a usable fragment index (a
+     * mismatched auxiliary-column set, or no `vec0` embedding column); the caller runs
+     * this inside `captureResult`, so it surfaces as a loud `Failure` from `create`.
+     * The same stored DDL answers every one of those questions, so the checks cost
+     * nothing extra.
      */
     static _readExistingDimension(db, table) {
         const row = db
@@ -234,8 +282,78 @@ export class SqliteVecFragmentIndex {
         if (row === undefined) {
             return undefined;
         }
+        SqliteVecFragmentIndex._verifyAuxiliaryColumns(row.sql, table);
         const match = row.sql.match(/float\[(\d+)\]/);
-        return match === null ? undefined : Number(match[1]);
+        if (match === null) {
+            // The auxiliary columns matched but there is no `float[<n>]` embedding column,
+            // so this is not a usable fragment index table. Same remedy as a column
+            // mismatch — and failing here beats handing back a dimensionless index whose
+            // first add would `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS` into a no-op.
+            throw new Error(`existing table '${table}' has no vec0 embedding column, so it is not a usable fragment ` +
+                `index table. Drop it (or pass a fresh tableName) and re-add every fragment.`);
+        }
+        return Number(match[1]);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Compare an existing table's auxiliary columns against `AUXILIARY_COLUMNS`.
+     *
+     * `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS` is a no-op against an existing table (SQLite
+     * never compares schemas) and `vec0` has no `ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN`, so a table
+     * written by an earlier version of this package silently keeps its old columns and
+     * only fails later — as an opaque `no such column` when the widened `INSERT` is
+     * prepared. Detect it here instead and say what to do about it. Order is not
+     * compared: every statement names its columns explicitly, so only the set matters.
+     */
+    static _verifyAuxiliaryColumns(sql, table) {
+        const found = Array.from(sql.matchAll(AUXILIARY_COLUMN_RE), (m) => m[1]);
+        const expected = AUXILIARY_COLUMNS;
+        const matches = found.length === expected.length && expected.every((column) => found.includes(column));
+        if (!matches) {
+            throw new Error(`existing table '${table}' has auxiliary columns [${found.join(', ')}] but this index ` +
+                `requires [${expected.join(', ')}] — it was written by a different version of ` +
+                `@fgv/ts-agent-memory-sqlite-vec, or it is not a fragment index table at all. vec0 virtual ` +
+                `tables cannot be altered in place, so this requires a drop-and-re-index: DROP TABLE ` +
+                `"${table}" (or pass a fresh tableName) and re-add every fragment. Fragment vectors are ` +
+                `re-derivable from the records, so this costs embedding time, never data.`);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Rebuild the identity fields of a hit from a persisted row, omitting each field
+     * the stored fragment did not carry (so a hit is structurally identical to one this
+     * index produced before `fragment_id` existed).
+     *
+     * A row carrying neither identity violates the write-side invariant and could not
+     * be resolved by the caller, so it fails loudly instead of yielding an anonymous
+     * hit.
+     */
+    static _toIdentity(row, key) {
+        const locator = SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toLocator(row, key);
+        if (locator === undefined && row.fragment_id === null) {
+            throw new Error(`fragment '${key}': row carries neither a locator nor a fragment id (corrupt persisted data)`);
+        }
+        return Object.assign(Object.assign({}, (locator !== undefined ? { locator } : {})), (row.fragment_id !== null ? { fragmentId: row.fragment_id } : {}));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Rebuild a fragment's locator from its persisted offsets, or `undefined` when the
+     * fragment was stored without one (both offsets `NULL`).
+     *
+     * The pair is written all-or-nothing, so a half-`NULL` pair can only come from
+     * corrupt / externally-edited data. Throw rather than coerce — `Number(null)` is
+     * `0`, which would silently fabricate a span starting at the top of the body.
+     */
+    static _toLocator(row, key) {
+        const start = row.start_off;
+        const end = row.end_off;
+        if (start === null && end === null) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        if (start === null || end === null) {
+            throw new Error(`fragment '${key}': locator has only one of its start/end offsets (corrupt persisted data)`);
+        }
+        return {
+            start: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset(start, key),
+            end: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset(end, key)
+        };
     }
     /** Pack a `Float32Array` as the little-endian byte blob `vec0` stores. Copies, so the caller may reuse its buffer. */
     static _toBlob(vector) {

package/dist/packlets/sqlite-vec-index/sqliteVecFragmentIndex.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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* Copyright (c) 2026 Erik Fortune\n * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n */\n\nimport type BetterSqlite3 from 'better-sqlite3';\nimport { load as loadSqliteVec } from 'sqlite-vec';\nimport { Result, captureResult, fail, succeed } from '@fgv/ts-utils';\nimport {\n  IEdgeTarget,\n  IEmbeddedFragment,\n  IFragmentVectorIndex,\n  IVectorQueryHit,\n  MemoryId,\n  MemoryScopeKey,\n  edgeTargetKey\n} from '@fgv/ts-agent-memory';\nimport { ISqliteVecFragmentIndexCreateParams } from './model';\n\n/** Default name for the fragment `vec0` virtual table. */\nconst DEFAULT_TABLE_NAME: string = 'memory_fragments';\n\n/** A simple SQL identifier — the only shape allowed for the table name (it is interpolated into DDL). */\nconst IDENTIFIER_RE: RegExp = /^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/;\n\n/**\n * One KNN row as returned by the fragment `vec0` MATCH query. The offset columns are\n * typed `number | bigint` because `better-sqlite3` returns integer columns as\n * `bigint` when a consumer enables its safe-integer mode (`defaultSafeIntegers`);\n * {@link SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset} coerces them to a plain `number` (and\n * fails loudly on an out-of-safe-range value) before they reach the public locator.\n */\ninterface IKnnRow {\n  readonly target_key: string;\n  readonly start_off: number | bigint;\n  readonly end_off: number | bigint;\n  readonly distance: number;\n}\n\n/**\n * A persistent, `sqlite-vec`-backed `IFragmentVectorIndex` (from\n * `@fgv/ts-agent-memory`) — the fragment-granular sibling of\n * {@link SqliteVecVectorIndex}, and the **durable** counterpart to the in-memory\n * `InMemoryFragmentCosineIndex`.\n *\n * @remarks\n * Where {@link SqliteVecVectorIndex} keys one vector per record on a\n * `target_key` primary key, this index holds **many** vectors per record — one per\n * in-record `[start, end)` span — so it keys the `vec0` table on `target_key` as a\n * **`PARTITION KEY`** (many rows may share it) and stores each fragment's locator\n * offsets in two auxiliary columns (`+start_off`, `+end_off`) that ride alongside\n * the vector and are returned on query but never filtered. A query is a brute-force\n * `vec0` KNN scan across all partitions returning per-fragment hits, each carrying\n * its record `target` and the matched `locator`.\n *\n * Semantics match `InMemoryFragmentCosineIndex` exactly: `addFragments` is\n * whole-record-replace (a single transaction deletes every prior fragment of the\n * target, then inserts the new set), `remove` drops every fragment of a target,\n * and `query` applies the optional `maxPerRecord` cap **during selection, before\n * the topK cut** — so one long document cannot crowd others out. The dimension is\n * established by the first `addFragments` (the `vec0` column is fixed-width) and\n * recovered from the table schema when a persistent file is reopened; similarity is\n * cosine (`score = 1 - cosineDistance`), byte-identical to the in-memory index.\n * Large-N ANN indexing is explicitly out of scope, same regime as the record index.\n *\n * The `better-sqlite3` `Database` is consumer-owned (bring-your-own): this index\n * loads the `sqlite-vec` extension onto it and reads/writes the table, but never\n * opens or closes the connection.\n * @public\n */\nexport class SqliteVecFragmentIndex implements IFragmentVectorIndex {\n  private readonly _db: BetterSqlite3.Database;\n  private readonly _table: string;\n  /** The dimension of every stored fragment vector; `undefined` until the table exists. */\n  private _dimension: number | undefined;\n  /** Prepared statements; created once the table exists (established or recovered). */\n  private _stmts: IFragmentStatements | undefined;\n\n  private constructor(db: BetterSqlite3.Database, table: string, dimension: number | undefined) {\n    this._db = db;\n    this._table = table;\n    this._dimension = dimension;\n    this._stmts = dimension === undefined ? undefined : this._prepare();\n  }\n\n  /** The number of records that currently have at least one stored fragment. Zero before the first add. */\n  public get recordCount(): number {\n    if (this._stmts === undefined) {\n      return 0;\n    }\n    // `Number(...)` narrows the count in case the consumer enabled better-sqlite3\n    // safe-integer mode (which returns `count(*)` as a `bigint`).\n    return Number((this._stmts.recordCount.get() as { c: number | bigint }).c);\n  }\n\n  /** The total number of fragments currently held across all records. Zero before the first add. */\n  public get fragmentCount(): number {\n    if (this._stmts === undefined) {\n      return 0;\n    }\n    return Number((this._stmts.fragmentCount.get() as { c: number | bigint }).c);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Family-convention factory. Loads the `sqlite-vec` extension onto the supplied\n   * `better-sqlite3` connection and, if the fragment table already exists (a\n   * reopened persistent file), recovers its established dimension so no\n   * re-embedding is needed on open.\n   *\n   * @param params - See {@link ISqliteVecFragmentIndexCreateParams}.\n   * @returns `Success` with the index, or `Failure` if the table name is not a\n   * simple identifier or the extension fails to load.\n   */\n  public static create(params: ISqliteVecFragmentIndexCreateParams): Promise<Result<SqliteVecFragmentIndex>> {\n    const table: string = params.tableName ?? DEFAULT_TABLE_NAME;\n    if (!IDENTIFIER_RE.test(table)) {\n      return Promise.resolve(\n        fail(`sqlite-vec fragment index: table name '${table}' is not a simple SQL identifier`)\n      );\n    }\n    return Promise.resolve(\n      captureResult(() => {\n        loadSqliteVec(params.database);\n        const dimension: number | undefined = SqliteVecFragmentIndex._readExistingDimension(\n          params.database,\n          table\n        );\n        return new SqliteVecFragmentIndex(params.database, table, dimension);\n      }).withErrorFormat((e) => `sqlite-vec fragment index: failed to initialize: ${e}`)\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** {@inheritDoc IFragmentVectorIndex.addFragments} */\n  public addFragments(\n    target: IEdgeTarget,\n    fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>\n  ): Promise<Result<number>> {\n    const key: string = edgeTargetKey(target);\n    // Validate every fragment before touching the database, so a bad fragment never\n    // leaves the record half-replaced or the dimension half-established (whole-record\n    // replace is all-or-nothing). The effective dimension is the established one, or —\n    // on a still-dimensionless index — the first fragment's length; it is committed\n    // (via table creation) only once the whole batch validates.\n    let dimension: number | undefined = this._dimension;\n    for (const fragment of fragments) {\n      if (fragment.vector.length === 0) {\n        return Promise.resolve(fail(`fragment index: cannot add '${key}': empty fragment vector`));\n      }\n      // Locator offsets are persisted as SQLite integers (bound via BigInt). Reject a\n      // non-safe-integer offset up front with a clear message, rather than letting\n      // `BigInt(nonInteger)` throw cryptically inside the write transaction OR storing\n      // a value the read-side `_toOffset` guard would later reject on every query.\n      if (!Number.isSafeInteger(fragment.locator.start) || !Number.isSafeInteger(fragment.locator.end)) {\n        return Promise.resolve(\n          fail(\n            `fragment index: cannot add '${key}': locator [${fragment.locator.start}, ${fragment.locator.end}) offsets must be safe integers`\n          )\n        );\n      }\n      if (dimension === undefined) {\n        dimension = fragment.vector.length;\n      } else if (fragment.vector.length !== dimension) {\n        return Promise.resolve(\n          fail(\n            `fragment index: cannot add '${key}': fragment dimension ${fragment.vector.length} does not match index dimension ${dimension}`\n          )\n        );\n      }\n    }\n    return Promise.resolve(\n      captureResult(() => {\n        // A same-target re-author (or an empty batch) still needs the table to exist\n        // to delete prior fragments; create it lazily on the first non-empty add.\n        if (this._stmts === undefined) {\n          if (fragments.length === 0) {\n            // Nothing stored yet and nothing to store: no table, no work.\n            return 0;\n          }\n          // `fragments` is non-empty here (the empty case returned above), so the\n          // validation loop proved every fragment shares `fragments[0]`'s length —\n          // which IS the dimension to establish. Read it straight from the first\n          // fragment: no cast, no invariant-dependent narrowing.\n          const established: number = fragments[0].vector.length;\n          this._createTable(established);\n          this._dimension = established;\n          this._stmts = this._prepare();\n        }\n        this._stmts.replace(key, fragments);\n        return fragments.length;\n      }).withErrorFormat((e) => `fragment index: cannot add '${key}': ${e}`)\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** {@inheritDoc IFragmentVectorIndex.remove} */\n  public remove(target: IEdgeTarget): Promise<Result<IEdgeTarget>> {\n    return Promise.resolve(\n      captureResult(() => {\n        // Idempotent: removing a target with no fragments (or before any add created\n        // the table) still succeeds.\n        if (this._stmts !== undefined) {\n          this._stmts.deleteByTarget.run(edgeTargetKey(target));\n        }\n        return target;\n      }).withErrorFormat((e) => `fragment index: cannot remove '${edgeTargetKey(target)}': ${e}`)\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** {@inheritDoc IFragmentVectorIndex.query} */\n  public query(\n    vector: Float32Array,\n    topK: number,\n    maxPerRecord?: number\n  ): Promise<Result<ReadonlyArray<IVectorQueryHit>>> {\n    if (topK <= 0 || this._stmts === undefined) {\n      return Promise.resolve(succeed([]));\n    }\n    if (vector.length !== this._dimension) {\n      return Promise.resolve(\n        fail(\n          `fragment index: query dimension ${vector.length} does not match index dimension ${this._dimension}`\n        )\n      );\n    }\n    const stmts: IFragmentStatements = this._stmts;\n    return Promise.resolve(\n      captureResult<ReadonlyArray<IVectorQueryHit>>(() => {\n        // With a per-record cap the topK winners may lie past the first topK rows (a\n        // capped record's later fragments are skipped), so fetch the full ranked set\n        // and apply the cap + topK cut here — exactly as the in-memory index does.\n        // Uncapped, KNN's own `k = topK` is already the answer.\n        const fetchK: number =\n          maxPerRecord === undefined ? topK : Number((stmts.fragmentCount.get() as { c: number | bigint }).c);\n        if (fetchK <= 0) {\n          return [];\n        }\n        const rows: ReadonlyArray<IKnnRow> = stmts.query.all(\n          SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toBlob(vector),\n          fetchK\n        ) as ReadonlyArray<IKnnRow>;\n        // sqlite-vec returns rows ascending by distance (nearest first); score is\n        // `1 - cosineDistance`, so this order is already descending score.\n        const hits: IVectorQueryHit[] = [];\n        const perRecord: Map<string, number> = new Map<string, number>();\n        for (const row of rows) {\n          if (hits.length >= topK) {\n            break;\n          }\n          if (maxPerRecord !== undefined) {\n            const used: number = perRecord.get(row.target_key) ?? 0;\n            if (used >= maxPerRecord) {\n              continue;\n            }\n            perRecord.set(row.target_key, used + 1);\n          }\n          const key: string = row.target_key;\n          hits.push({\n            target: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._parseKey(key),\n            score: 1 - row.distance,\n            locator: {\n              start: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset(row.start_off, key),\n              end: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset(row.end_off, key)\n            }\n          });\n        }\n        return hits;\n      }).withErrorFormat((e) => `fragment index: query failed: ${e}`)\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** Create the fragment `vec0` virtual table with the established dimension. */\n  private _createTable(dimension: number): void {\n    this._db.exec(\n      `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS \"${this._table}\" USING vec0(` +\n        `target_key TEXT PARTITION KEY, embedding float[${dimension}] distance_metric=cosine, ` +\n        `+start_off integer, +end_off integer)`\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** Prepare the statements the index reuses. Requires the table to exist. */\n  private _prepare(): IFragmentStatements {\n    const del: BetterSqlite3.Statement = this._db.prepare(\n      `DELETE FROM \"${this._table}\" WHERE target_key = ?`\n    );\n    const ins: BetterSqlite3.Statement = this._db.prepare(\n      `INSERT INTO \"${this._table}\"(target_key, embedding, start_off, end_off) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)`\n    );\n    // Whole-record replace: drop every prior fragment of the target, then insert the\n    // new set, atomically. An empty set collapses to a pure delete.\n    const replaceTxn: BetterSqlite3.Transaction<\n      (key: string, fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>) => void\n    > = this._db.transaction((key: string, fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>) => {\n      del.run(key);\n      for (const fragment of fragments) {\n        ins.run(\n          key,\n          SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toBlob(fragment.vector),\n          // vec0 typed columns reject a JS float; bind the offsets as integers.\n          BigInt(fragment.locator.start),\n          BigInt(fragment.locator.end)\n        );\n      }\n    });\n    return {\n      deleteByTarget: del,\n      replace: (key: string, fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>): void => {\n        replaceTxn(key, fragments);\n      },\n      query: this._db.prepare(\n        `SELECT target_key, start_off, end_off, distance FROM \"${this._table}\" WHERE embedding MATCH ? AND k = ?`\n      ),\n      fragmentCount: this._db.prepare(`SELECT count(*) AS c FROM \"${this._table}\"`),\n      recordCount: this._db.prepare(`SELECT count(DISTINCT target_key) AS c FROM \"${this._table}\"`)\n    };\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Recover the established dimension of an existing fragment `vec0` table from its\n   * stored `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE` SQL (`float[<n>]`). Returns `undefined` when the\n   * table does not exist yet (a fresh database — dimension is set by the first add).\n   */\n  private static _readExistingDimension(db: BetterSqlite3.Database, table: string): number | undefined {\n    const row: { sql: string } | undefined = db\n      .prepare(\"SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name = ?\")\n      .get(table) as { sql: string } | undefined;\n    if (row === undefined) {\n      return undefined;\n    }\n    const match: RegExpMatchArray | null = row.sql.match(/float\\[(\\d+)\\]/);\n    return match === null ? undefined : Number(match[1]);\n  }\n\n  /** Pack a `Float32Array` as the little-endian byte blob `vec0` stores. Copies, so the caller may reuse its buffer. */\n  private static _toBlob(vector: Float32Array): Uint8Array {\n    return new Uint8Array(Float32Array.from(vector).buffer);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Reverse `edgeTargetKey` — the canonical key is `scope\\0id` with NUL excluded\n   * from both components, so the first NUL splits it unambiguously. A key with no\n   * NUL cannot have been written by `edgeTargetKey`; rather than fabricate a wrong\n   * `(scope, id)` from corrupt / externally-edited table data, throw so the query\n   * surfaces it as a loud `Failure`.\n   */\n  private static _parseKey(key: string): IEdgeTarget {\n    const nul: number = key.indexOf('\\0');\n    if (nul < 0) {\n      throw new Error(`malformed target key '${key}': missing scope/id separator (corrupt persisted data)`);\n    }\n    return {\n      scope: key.slice(0, nul) as unknown as MemoryScopeKey,\n      id: key.slice(nul + 1) as unknown as MemoryId\n    };\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Coerce a persisted locator offset to a plain `number`. `better-sqlite3` returns\n   * integer columns as `bigint` under safe-integer mode, so an offset can arrive as\n   * either; both narrow to `number` here. A value outside the safe-integer range\n   * (only reachable via corrupt / externally-edited data — the index only ever\n   * writes in-document offsets) throws rather than silently losing precision, so the\n   * query surfaces it as a loud `Failure`.\n   */\n  private static _toOffset(value: number | bigint, key: string): number {\n    const n: number = Number(value);\n    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(n)) {\n      throw new Error(\n        `fragment '${key}': locator offset ${String(value)} is not a safe integer (corrupt persisted data)`\n      );\n    }\n    return n;\n  }\n}\n\n/** The prepared statements / helpers the fragment index reuses once its table exists. */\ninterface IFragmentStatements {\n  readonly deleteByTarget: BetterSqlite3.Statement;\n  readonly replace: (key: string, fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>) => void;\n  readonly query: BetterSqlite3.Statement;\n  readonly fragmentCount: BetterSqlite3.Statement;\n  readonly recordCount: BetterSqlite3.Statement;\n}\n"]}
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* Copyright (c) 2026 Erik Fortune\n * SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT\n */\n\nimport type BetterSqlite3 from 'better-sqlite3';\nimport { load as loadSqliteVec } from 'sqlite-vec';\nimport { Result, captureResult, fail, succeed } from '@fgv/ts-utils';\nimport {\n  IEdgeTarget,\n  IEmbeddedFragment,\n  IFragmentLocator,\n  IFragmentVectorIndex,\n  IVectorQueryHit,\n  MemoryId,\n  MemoryScopeKey,\n  edgeTargetKey\n} from '@fgv/ts-agent-memory';\nimport { ISqliteVecFragmentIndexCreateParams } from './model';\n\n/** Default name for the fragment `vec0` virtual table. */\nconst DEFAULT_TABLE_NAME: string = 'memory_fragments';\n\n/** A simple SQL identifier — the only shape allowed for the table name (it is interpolated into DDL). */\nconst IDENTIFIER_RE: RegExp = /^[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*$/;\n\n/**\n * The auxiliary (`+`-prefixed) columns this version of the index writes. A table\n * created by an earlier version carries a different set; see\n * {@link SqliteVecFragmentIndex._readExistingDimension} for why that has to be\n * detected explicitly rather than migrated.\n */\nconst AUXILIARY_COLUMNS: ReadonlyArray<string> = ['start_off', 'end_off', 'fragment_id'];\n\n/**\n * Matches one `+name` auxiliary-column declaration in a `vec0` `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE`\n * statement. Only ever consumed via `String.matchAll`, which iterates a clone rather\n * than advancing this instance's `lastIndex`, so the shared `/g` regex is reusable.\n */\nconst AUXILIARY_COLUMN_RE: RegExp = /\\+\\s*([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)/g;\n\n/**\n * One KNN row as returned by the fragment `vec0` MATCH query. The offset columns are\n * typed `number | bigint` because `better-sqlite3` returns integer columns as\n * `bigint` when a consumer enables its safe-integer mode (`defaultSafeIntegers`);\n * {@link SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset} coerces them to a plain `number` (and\n * fails loudly on an out-of-safe-range value) before they reach the public locator.\n * All three identity columns are nullable: a fragment stored without a locator has\n * `NULL` offsets, and one stored without a `fragmentId` has a `NULL` `fragment_id`.\n */\ninterface IKnnRow {\n  readonly target_key: string;\n  // eslint-disable-next-line @rushstack/no-new-null -- SQLite returns NULL (not undefined) for an absent locator offset\n  readonly start_off: number | bigint | null;\n  // eslint-disable-next-line @rushstack/no-new-null -- SQLite returns NULL (not undefined) for an absent locator offset\n  readonly end_off: number | bigint | null;\n  // eslint-disable-next-line @rushstack/no-new-null -- SQLite returns NULL (not undefined) for an absent fragment id\n  readonly fragment_id: string | null;\n  readonly distance: number;\n}\n\n/**\n * The identity fields of a fragment hit, in `IVectorQueryHit` shape: a field the\n * stored fragment did not carry is *absent*, never present-but-`undefined`, so a hit\n * for a fragment stored without a `fragmentId` is structurally identical to one this\n * index produced before `fragment_id` existed.\n */\ntype FragmentIdentity = Pick<IVectorQueryHit, 'locator' | 'fragmentId'>;\n\n/**\n * A persistent, `sqlite-vec`-backed `IFragmentVectorIndex` (from\n * `@fgv/ts-agent-memory`) — the fragment-granular sibling of\n * {@link SqliteVecVectorIndex}, and the **durable** counterpart to the in-memory\n * `InMemoryFragmentCosineIndex`.\n *\n * @remarks\n * Where {@link SqliteVecVectorIndex} keys one vector per record on a\n * `target_key` primary key, this index holds **many** vectors per record — one per\n * fragment — so it keys the `vec0` table on `target_key` as a **`PARTITION KEY`**\n * (many rows may share it) and stores each fragment's identity in three auxiliary\n * columns (`+start_off`, `+end_off`, `+fragment_id`) that ride alongside the vector\n * and are returned on query but never filtered — in particular `fragment_id` is\n * stored and returned verbatim, never parsed and never part of the query path. A\n * query is a brute-force `vec0` KNN scan across all partitions returning per-fragment\n * hits, each carrying its record `target` plus whichever identity fields the stored\n * fragment was added with (a fragment must carry at least one).\n *\n * **`vec0` schema changes require a drop-and-re-index.** A\n * `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS` is a no-op against an existing table (SQLite\n * does not compare schemas) and `vec0` has no `ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN`, so a database written by an\n * earlier version of this package keeps its old auxiliary columns. `create` detects\n * that by parsing the stored `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE` SQL and fails with an actionable\n * message naming the expected and found columns, rather than letting a widened\n * `INSERT` surface an opaque `no such column` at statement-prepare time. There are no\n * in-place migrations: drop the table (or use a fresh `tableName`) and re-index.\n * Fragment vectors are re-derivable from the records, so this costs embedding time,\n * never data.\n *\n * Semantics match `InMemoryFragmentCosineIndex` exactly: `addFragments` is\n * whole-record-replace (a single transaction deletes every prior fragment of the\n * target, then inserts the new set), `remove` drops every fragment of a target,\n * and `query` applies the optional `maxPerRecord` cap **during selection, before\n * the topK cut** — so one long document cannot crowd others out. The dimension is\n * established by the first `addFragments` (the `vec0` column is fixed-width) and\n * recovered from the table schema when a persistent file is reopened; similarity is\n * cosine (`score = 1 - cosineDistance`), byte-identical to the in-memory index.\n * Large-N ANN indexing is explicitly out of scope, same regime as the record index.\n *\n * The `better-sqlite3` `Database` is consumer-owned (bring-your-own): this index\n * loads the `sqlite-vec` extension onto it and reads/writes the table, but never\n * opens or closes the connection.\n * @public\n */\nexport class SqliteVecFragmentIndex implements IFragmentVectorIndex {\n  private readonly _db: BetterSqlite3.Database;\n  private readonly _table: string;\n  /** The dimension of every stored fragment vector; `undefined` until the table exists. */\n  private _dimension: number | undefined;\n  /** Prepared statements; created once the table exists (established or recovered). */\n  private _stmts: IFragmentStatements | undefined;\n\n  private constructor(db: BetterSqlite3.Database, table: string, dimension: number | undefined) {\n    this._db = db;\n    this._table = table;\n    this._dimension = dimension;\n    this._stmts = dimension === undefined ? undefined : this._prepare();\n  }\n\n  /** The number of records that currently have at least one stored fragment. Zero before the first add. */\n  public get recordCount(): number {\n    if (this._stmts === undefined) {\n      return 0;\n    }\n    // `Number(...)` narrows the count in case the consumer enabled better-sqlite3\n    // safe-integer mode (which returns `count(*)` as a `bigint`).\n    return Number((this._stmts.recordCount.get() as { c: number | bigint }).c);\n  }\n\n  /** The total number of fragments currently held across all records. Zero before the first add. */\n  public get fragmentCount(): number {\n    if (this._stmts === undefined) {\n      return 0;\n    }\n    return Number((this._stmts.fragmentCount.get() as { c: number | bigint }).c);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Family-convention factory. Loads the `sqlite-vec` extension onto the supplied\n   * `better-sqlite3` connection and, if the fragment table already exists (a\n   * reopened persistent file), verifies its auxiliary-column set matches this\n   * version's and recovers its established dimension so no re-embedding is needed on\n   * open.\n   *\n   * @param params - See {@link ISqliteVecFragmentIndexCreateParams}.\n   * @returns `Success` with the index, or `Failure` if the table name is not a\n   * simple identifier, the extension fails to load, or the existing table was\n   * written by a version with a different auxiliary-column set (which requires a\n   * drop-and-re-index — `vec0` cannot be altered in place).\n   */\n  public static create(params: ISqliteVecFragmentIndexCreateParams): Promise<Result<SqliteVecFragmentIndex>> {\n    const table: string = params.tableName ?? DEFAULT_TABLE_NAME;\n    if (!IDENTIFIER_RE.test(table)) {\n      return Promise.resolve(\n        fail(`sqlite-vec fragment index: table name '${table}' is not a simple SQL identifier`)\n      );\n    }\n    return Promise.resolve(\n      captureResult(() => {\n        loadSqliteVec(params.database);\n        const dimension: number | undefined = SqliteVecFragmentIndex._readExistingDimension(\n          params.database,\n          table\n        );\n        return new SqliteVecFragmentIndex(params.database, table, dimension);\n      }).withErrorFormat((e) => `sqlite-vec fragment index: failed to initialize: ${e}`)\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** {@inheritDoc IFragmentVectorIndex.addFragments} */\n  public addFragments(\n    target: IEdgeTarget,\n    fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>\n  ): Promise<Result<number>> {\n    const key: string = edgeTargetKey(target);\n    // Validate every fragment before touching the database, so a bad fragment never\n    // leaves the record half-replaced or the dimension half-established (whole-record\n    // replace is all-or-nothing). The effective dimension is the established one, or —\n    // on a still-dimensionless index — the first fragment's length; it is committed\n    // (via table creation) only once the whole batch validates.\n    let dimension: number | undefined = this._dimension;\n    for (const fragment of fragments) {\n      if (fragment.vector.length === 0) {\n        return Promise.resolve(fail(`fragment index: cannot add '${key}': empty fragment vector`));\n      }\n      // A fragment carrying neither identity cannot be resolved back to anything by a\n      // consumer holding the hit — the same invariant `embeddedFragmentConverter`\n      // enforces at the untyped boundary, re-checked here at the index seam.\n      if (fragment.locator === undefined && fragment.fragmentId === undefined) {\n        return Promise.resolve(\n          fail(\n            `fragment index: cannot add '${key}': fragment requires at least one of 'locator' or 'fragmentId'`\n          )\n        );\n      }\n      // Locator offsets are persisted as SQLite integers (bound via BigInt). Reject a\n      // non-safe-integer offset up front with a clear message, rather than letting\n      // `BigInt(nonInteger)` throw cryptically inside the write transaction OR storing\n      // a value the read-side `_toOffset` guard would later reject on every query.\n      // An absent locator persists as a NULL offset pair and skips the check.\n      if (\n        fragment.locator !== undefined &&\n        (!Number.isSafeInteger(fragment.locator.start) || !Number.isSafeInteger(fragment.locator.end))\n      ) {\n        return Promise.resolve(\n          fail(\n            `fragment index: cannot add '${key}': locator [${fragment.locator.start}, ${fragment.locator.end}) offsets must be safe integers`\n          )\n        );\n      }\n      if (dimension === undefined) {\n        dimension = fragment.vector.length;\n      } else if (fragment.vector.length !== dimension) {\n        return Promise.resolve(\n          fail(\n            `fragment index: cannot add '${key}': fragment dimension ${fragment.vector.length} does not match index dimension ${dimension}`\n          )\n        );\n      }\n    }\n    return Promise.resolve(\n      captureResult(() => {\n        // A same-target re-author (or an empty batch) still needs the table to exist\n        // to delete prior fragments; create it lazily on the first non-empty add.\n        if (this._stmts === undefined) {\n          if (fragments.length === 0) {\n            // Nothing stored yet and nothing to store: no table, no work.\n            return 0;\n          }\n          // `fragments` is non-empty here (the empty case returned above), so the\n          // validation loop proved every fragment shares `fragments[0]`'s length —\n          // which IS the dimension to establish. Read it straight from the first\n          // fragment: no cast, no invariant-dependent narrowing.\n          const established: number = fragments[0].vector.length;\n          this._createTable(established);\n          this._dimension = established;\n          this._stmts = this._prepare();\n        }\n        this._stmts.replace(key, fragments);\n        return fragments.length;\n      }).withErrorFormat((e) => `fragment index: cannot add '${key}': ${e}`)\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** {@inheritDoc IFragmentVectorIndex.remove} */\n  public remove(target: IEdgeTarget): Promise<Result<IEdgeTarget>> {\n    return Promise.resolve(\n      captureResult(() => {\n        // Idempotent: removing a target with no fragments (or before any add created\n        // the table) still succeeds.\n        if (this._stmts !== undefined) {\n          this._stmts.deleteByTarget.run(edgeTargetKey(target));\n        }\n        return target;\n      }).withErrorFormat((e) => `fragment index: cannot remove '${edgeTargetKey(target)}': ${e}`)\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** {@inheritDoc IFragmentVectorIndex.query} */\n  public query(\n    vector: Float32Array,\n    topK: number,\n    maxPerRecord?: number\n  ): Promise<Result<ReadonlyArray<IVectorQueryHit>>> {\n    if (topK <= 0 || this._stmts === undefined) {\n      return Promise.resolve(succeed([]));\n    }\n    if (vector.length !== this._dimension) {\n      return Promise.resolve(\n        fail(\n          `fragment index: query dimension ${vector.length} does not match index dimension ${this._dimension}`\n        )\n      );\n    }\n    const stmts: IFragmentStatements = this._stmts;\n    return Promise.resolve(\n      captureResult<ReadonlyArray<IVectorQueryHit>>(() => {\n        // With a per-record cap the topK winners may lie past the first topK rows (a\n        // capped record's later fragments are skipped), so fetch the full ranked set\n        // and apply the cap + topK cut here — exactly as the in-memory index does.\n        // Uncapped, KNN's own `k = topK` is already the answer.\n        const fetchK: number =\n          maxPerRecord === undefined ? topK : Number((stmts.fragmentCount.get() as { c: number | bigint }).c);\n        if (fetchK <= 0) {\n          return [];\n        }\n        const rows: ReadonlyArray<IKnnRow> = stmts.query.all(\n          SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toBlob(vector),\n          fetchK\n        ) as ReadonlyArray<IKnnRow>;\n        // sqlite-vec returns rows ascending by distance (nearest first); score is\n        // `1 - cosineDistance`, so this order is already descending score.\n        const hits: IVectorQueryHit[] = [];\n        const perRecord: Map<string, number> = new Map<string, number>();\n        for (const row of rows) {\n          if (hits.length >= topK) {\n            break;\n          }\n          if (maxPerRecord !== undefined) {\n            const used: number = perRecord.get(row.target_key) ?? 0;\n            if (used >= maxPerRecord) {\n              continue;\n            }\n            perRecord.set(row.target_key, used + 1);\n          }\n          const key: string = row.target_key;\n          hits.push({\n            target: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._parseKey(key),\n            score: 1 - row.distance,\n            ...SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toIdentity(row, key)\n          });\n        }\n        return hits;\n      }).withErrorFormat((e) => `fragment index: query failed: ${e}`)\n    );\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Create the fragment `vec0` virtual table with the established dimension. The\n   * auxiliary columns must stay in sync with `AUXILIARY_COLUMNS`, which\n   * `create` compares against an existing table's stored DDL.\n   */\n  private _createTable(dimension: number): void {\n    this._db.exec(\n      `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS \"${this._table}\" USING vec0(` +\n        `target_key TEXT PARTITION KEY, embedding float[${dimension}] distance_metric=cosine, ` +\n        `+start_off integer, +end_off integer, +fragment_id text)`\n    );\n  }\n\n  /** Prepare the statements the index reuses. Requires the table to exist. */\n  private _prepare(): IFragmentStatements {\n    const del: BetterSqlite3.Statement = this._db.prepare(\n      `DELETE FROM \"${this._table}\" WHERE target_key = ?`\n    );\n    const ins: BetterSqlite3.Statement = this._db.prepare(\n      `INSERT INTO \"${this._table}\"(target_key, embedding, start_off, end_off, fragment_id) ` +\n        `VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`\n    );\n    // Whole-record replace: drop every prior fragment of the target, then insert the\n    // new set, atomically. An empty set collapses to a pure delete.\n    const replaceTxn: BetterSqlite3.Transaction<\n      (key: string, fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>) => void\n    > = this._db.transaction((key: string, fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>) => {\n      del.run(key);\n      for (const fragment of fragments) {\n        ins.run(\n          key,\n          SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toBlob(fragment.vector),\n          // vec0 typed columns reject a JS float; bind the offsets as integers. An\n          // absent locator binds the pair as NULL — never a partial pair, so the read\n          // side can treat a half-NULL pair as corruption rather than a legal shape.\n          fragment.locator === undefined ? null : BigInt(fragment.locator.start),\n          fragment.locator === undefined ? null : BigInt(fragment.locator.end),\n          // Stored verbatim and never parsed; absent binds as NULL.\n          fragment.fragmentId ?? null\n        );\n      }\n    });\n    return {\n      deleteByTarget: del,\n      replace: (key: string, fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>): void => {\n        replaceTxn(key, fragments);\n      },\n      query: this._db.prepare(\n        `SELECT target_key, start_off, end_off, fragment_id, distance FROM \"${this._table}\" ` +\n          `WHERE embedding MATCH ? AND k = ?`\n      ),\n      fragmentCount: this._db.prepare(`SELECT count(*) AS c FROM \"${this._table}\"`),\n      recordCount: this._db.prepare(`SELECT count(DISTINCT target_key) AS c FROM \"${this._table}\"`)\n    };\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Recover the established dimension of an existing fragment `vec0` table from its\n   * stored `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE` SQL (`float[<n>]`), after checking that the table's\n   * auxiliary columns match `AUXILIARY_COLUMNS`. Returns `undefined` when the\n   * table does not exist yet (a fresh database — dimension is set by the first add).\n   *\n   * Throws when a table of that name exists but is not a usable fragment index (a\n   * mismatched auxiliary-column set, or no `vec0` embedding column); the caller runs\n   * this inside `captureResult`, so it surfaces as a loud `Failure` from `create`.\n   * The same stored DDL answers every one of those questions, so the checks cost\n   * nothing extra.\n   */\n  private static _readExistingDimension(db: BetterSqlite3.Database, table: string): number | undefined {\n    const row: { sql: string } | undefined = db\n      .prepare(\"SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name = ?\")\n      .get(table) as { sql: string } | undefined;\n    if (row === undefined) {\n      return undefined;\n    }\n    SqliteVecFragmentIndex._verifyAuxiliaryColumns(row.sql, table);\n    const match: RegExpMatchArray | null = row.sql.match(/float\\[(\\d+)\\]/);\n    if (match === null) {\n      // The auxiliary columns matched but there is no `float[<n>]` embedding column,\n      // so this is not a usable fragment index table. Same remedy as a column\n      // mismatch — and failing here beats handing back a dimensionless index whose\n      // first add would `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS` into a no-op.\n      throw new Error(\n        `existing table '${table}' has no vec0 embedding column, so it is not a usable fragment ` +\n          `index table. Drop it (or pass a fresh tableName) and re-add every fragment.`\n      );\n    }\n    return Number(match[1]);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Compare an existing table's auxiliary columns against `AUXILIARY_COLUMNS`.\n   *\n   * `CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE IF NOT EXISTS` is a no-op against an existing table (SQLite\n   * never compares schemas) and `vec0` has no `ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN`, so a table\n   * written by an earlier version of this package silently keeps its old columns and\n   * only fails later — as an opaque `no such column` when the widened `INSERT` is\n   * prepared. Detect it here instead and say what to do about it. Order is not\n   * compared: every statement names its columns explicitly, so only the set matters.\n   */\n  private static _verifyAuxiliaryColumns(sql: string, table: string): void {\n    const found: string[] = Array.from(sql.matchAll(AUXILIARY_COLUMN_RE), (m) => m[1]);\n    const expected: ReadonlyArray<string> = AUXILIARY_COLUMNS;\n    const matches: boolean =\n      found.length === expected.length && expected.every((column) => found.includes(column));\n    if (!matches) {\n      throw new Error(\n        `existing table '${table}' has auxiliary columns [${found.join(', ')}] but this index ` +\n          `requires [${expected.join(', ')}] — it was written by a different version of ` +\n          `@fgv/ts-agent-memory-sqlite-vec, or it is not a fragment index table at all. vec0 virtual ` +\n          `tables cannot be altered in place, so this requires a drop-and-re-index: DROP TABLE ` +\n          `\"${table}\" (or pass a fresh tableName) and re-add every fragment. Fragment vectors are ` +\n          `re-derivable from the records, so this costs embedding time, never data.`\n      );\n    }\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Rebuild the identity fields of a hit from a persisted row, omitting each field\n   * the stored fragment did not carry (so a hit is structurally identical to one this\n   * index produced before `fragment_id` existed).\n   *\n   * A row carrying neither identity violates the write-side invariant and could not\n   * be resolved by the caller, so it fails loudly instead of yielding an anonymous\n   * hit.\n   */\n  private static _toIdentity(row: IKnnRow, key: string): FragmentIdentity {\n    const locator: IFragmentLocator | undefined = SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toLocator(row, key);\n    if (locator === undefined && row.fragment_id === null) {\n      throw new Error(\n        `fragment '${key}': row carries neither a locator nor a fragment id (corrupt persisted data)`\n      );\n    }\n    return {\n      ...(locator !== undefined ? { locator } : {}),\n      ...(row.fragment_id !== null ? { fragmentId: row.fragment_id } : {})\n    };\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Rebuild a fragment's locator from its persisted offsets, or `undefined` when the\n   * fragment was stored without one (both offsets `NULL`).\n   *\n   * The pair is written all-or-nothing, so a half-`NULL` pair can only come from\n   * corrupt / externally-edited data. Throw rather than coerce — `Number(null)` is\n   * `0`, which would silently fabricate a span starting at the top of the body.\n   */\n  private static _toLocator(row: IKnnRow, key: string): IFragmentLocator | undefined {\n    const start: number | bigint | null = row.start_off;\n    const end: number | bigint | null = row.end_off;\n    if (start === null && end === null) {\n      return undefined;\n    }\n    if (start === null || end === null) {\n      throw new Error(\n        `fragment '${key}': locator has only one of its start/end offsets (corrupt persisted data)`\n      );\n    }\n    return {\n      start: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset(start, key),\n      end: SqliteVecFragmentIndex._toOffset(end, key)\n    };\n  }\n\n  /** Pack a `Float32Array` as the little-endian byte blob `vec0` stores. Copies, so the caller may reuse its buffer. */\n  private static _toBlob(vector: Float32Array): Uint8Array {\n    return new Uint8Array(Float32Array.from(vector).buffer);\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Reverse `edgeTargetKey` — the canonical key is `scope\\0id` with NUL excluded\n   * from both components, so the first NUL splits it unambiguously. A key with no\n   * NUL cannot have been written by `edgeTargetKey`; rather than fabricate a wrong\n   * `(scope, id)` from corrupt / externally-edited table data, throw so the query\n   * surfaces it as a loud `Failure`.\n   */\n  private static _parseKey(key: string): IEdgeTarget {\n    const nul: number = key.indexOf('\\0');\n    if (nul < 0) {\n      throw new Error(`malformed target key '${key}': missing scope/id separator (corrupt persisted data)`);\n    }\n    return {\n      scope: key.slice(0, nul) as unknown as MemoryScopeKey,\n      id: key.slice(nul + 1) as unknown as MemoryId\n    };\n  }\n\n  /**\n   * Coerce a persisted locator offset to a plain `number`. `better-sqlite3` returns\n   * integer columns as `bigint` under safe-integer mode, so an offset can arrive as\n   * either; both narrow to `number` here. A value outside the safe-integer range\n   * (only reachable via corrupt / externally-edited data — the index only ever\n   * writes in-document offsets) throws rather than silently losing precision, so the\n   * query surfaces it as a loud `Failure`.\n   */\n  private static _toOffset(value: number | bigint, key: string): number {\n    const n: number = Number(value);\n    if (!Number.isSafeInteger(n)) {\n      throw new Error(\n        `fragment '${key}': locator offset ${String(value)} is not a safe integer (corrupt persisted data)`\n      );\n    }\n    return n;\n  }\n}\n\n/** The prepared statements / helpers the fragment index reuses once its table exists. */\ninterface IFragmentStatements {\n  readonly deleteByTarget: BetterSqlite3.Statement;\n  readonly replace: (key: string, fragments: ReadonlyArray<IEmbeddedFragment>) => void;\n  readonly query: BetterSqlite3.Statement;\n  readonly fragmentCount: BetterSqlite3.Statement;\n  readonly recordCount: BetterSqlite3.Statement;\n}\n"]}