@famgia/omnify-laravel 0.0.88 → 0.0.89

package/stubs/ai-guides/laravel/resource.md.stub

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+# API Resource Guide
+
+> **Related:** [README](./README.md) | [Controller Guide](./controller-guide.md) | [DateTime Guide](../laravel/datetime-guide.md)
+
+## Why Resources?
+
+| Without Resources       | With Resources           |
+| ----------------------- | ------------------------ |
+| Expose all model fields | Control exposed fields   |
+| Inconsistent formats    | Consistent API format    |
+| Manual JSON building    | Automatic transformation |
+| Date format varies      | ISO 8601 everywhere      |
+
+---
+
+## Resource Template
+
+```php
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Resources;
+
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\JsonResource;
+
+class UserResource extends JsonResource
+{
+    /**
+     * Transform the resource into an array.
+     *
+     * @return array<string, mixed>
+     */
+    public function toArray(Request $request): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'id' => $this->id,
+            'name' => $this->name,
+            'email' => $this->email,
+            'email_verified_at' => $this->email_verified_at?->toISOString(),
+            'created_at' => $this->created_at?->toISOString(),
+            'updated_at' => $this->updated_at?->toISOString(),
+        ];
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Response Formats
+
+### Single Resource
+
+```php
+// Controller
+return new UserResource($user);
+
+// Response
+{
+    "data": {
+        "id": 1,
+        "name": "John Doe",
+        "email": "john@example.com",
+        "created_at": "2024-01-15T10:30:00.000000Z"
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Collection (Paginated)
+
+```php
+// Controller
+return UserResource::collection($users->paginate(15));
+
+// Response
+{
+    "data": [
+        { "id": 1, "name": "John", ... },
+        { "id": 2, "name": "Jane", ... }
+    ],
+    "links": {
+        "first": "http://api.example.com/users?page=1",
+        "last": "http://api.example.com/users?page=10",
+        "prev": null,
+        "next": "http://api.example.com/users?page=2"
+    },
+    "meta": {
+        "current_page": 1,
+        "from": 1,
+        "last_page": 10,
+        "per_page": 15,
+        "to": 15,
+        "total": 150
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Date Formatting Rules
+
+### Always Use ISO 8601 UTC
+
+```php
+// ✅ CORRECT: toISOString() returns UTC with Z suffix
+'created_at' => $this->created_at?->toISOString(),
+// Output: "2024-01-15T10:30:00.000000Z"
+
+// ❌ WRONG: Local format
+'created_at' => $this->created_at?->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+// Output: "2024-01-15 10:30:00" (ambiguous timezone)
+
+// ❌ WRONG: Local timezone
+'created_at' => $this->created_at?->setTimezone('Asia/Tokyo')->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'),
+// Output: "2024-01-15 19:30:00" (local time, confusing)
+```
+
+### Nullable Dates
+
+```php
+// ✅ Use null-safe operator
+'email_verified_at' => $this->email_verified_at?->toISOString(),
+// Returns null if not set
+
+// ❌ Don't return empty string
+'email_verified_at' => $this->email_verified_at ? $this->email_verified_at->toISOString() : '',
+```
+
+---
+
+## Relationships
+
+### Eager Loading Required
+
+```php
+// Controller - always eager load
+public function show(User $user): UserResource
+{
+    $user->load('posts', 'profile');
+    return new UserResource($user);
+}
+
+// Resource
+public function toArray(Request $request): array
+{
+    return [
+        'id' => $this->id,
+        'name' => $this->name,
+        'profile' => new ProfileResource($this->whenLoaded('profile')),
+        'posts' => PostResource::collection($this->whenLoaded('posts')),
+    ];
+}
+```
+
+### Conditional Relationships
+
+```php
+public function toArray(Request $request): array
+{
+    return [
+        'id' => $this->id,
+        'name' => $this->name,
+        
+        // Only include if loaded (prevents N+1)
+        'profile' => new ProfileResource($this->whenLoaded('profile')),
+        
+        // Only include if loaded
+        'posts' => PostResource::collection($this->whenLoaded('posts')),
+        
+        // Only include count if loaded
+        'posts_count' => $this->whenCounted('posts'),
+    ];
+}
+```
+
+### Nested Resources
+
+```php
+// PostResource
+public function toArray(Request $request): array
+{
+    return [
+        'id' => $this->id,
+        'title' => $this->title,
+        'author' => new UserResource($this->whenLoaded('author')),
+        'comments' => CommentResource::collection($this->whenLoaded('comments')),
+    ];
+}
+
+// Controller with nested eager loading
+public function show(Post $post): PostResource
+{
+    $post->load(['author', 'comments.user']);
+    return new PostResource($post);
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Conditional Fields
+
+### Based on Auth
+
+```php
+public function toArray(Request $request): array
+{
+    return [
+        'id' => $this->id,
+        'name' => $this->name,
+        'email' => $this->email,
+        
+        // Only for admin
+        'admin_notes' => $this->when(
+            $request->user()?->isAdmin(),
+            $this->admin_notes
+        ),
+        
+        // Only for owner
+        'api_token' => $this->when(
+            $request->user()?->id === $this->id,
+            $this->api_token
+        ),
+    ];
+}
+```
+
+### Based on Model State
+
+```php
+public function toArray(Request $request): array
+{
+    return [
+        'id' => $this->id,
+        'title' => $this->title,
+        'status' => $this->status,
+        
+        // Only if published
+        'published_at' => $this->when(
+            $this->status === 'published',
+            $this->published_at?->toISOString()
+        ),
+        
+        // Only if has discount
+        'discount' => $this->when($this->discount > 0, [
+            'amount' => $this->discount,
+            'percentage' => $this->discount_percentage,
+        ]),
+    ];
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Computed Fields
+
+```php
+public function toArray(Request $request): array
+{
+    return [
+        'id' => $this->id,
+        'first_name' => $this->first_name,
+        'last_name' => $this->last_name,
+        
+        // Computed
+        'full_name' => $this->first_name . ' ' . $this->last_name,
+        
+        // From accessor
+        'avatar_url' => $this->avatar_url,  // Model accessor
+        
+        // Boolean flags
+        'is_verified' => $this->email_verified_at !== null,
+        'is_active' => $this->status === 'active',
+        
+        // Formatted values
+        'price_formatted' => '$' . number_format($this->price, 2),
+    ];
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Hiding Fields
+
+### Using Resource
+
+```php
+public function toArray(Request $request): array
+{
+    return [
+        'id' => $this->id,
+        'name' => $this->name,
+        'email' => $this->email,
+        // Don't include: password, remember_token
+    ];
+}
+```
+
+### Using Model $hidden
+
+```php
+// Model
+class User extends Model
+{
+    protected $hidden = [
+        'password',
+        'remember_token',
+    ];
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Additional Meta
+
+### For Single Resource
+
+```php
+class OrderResource extends JsonResource
+{
+    public function toArray(Request $request): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'id' => $this->id,
+            'total' => $this->total,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function with(Request $request): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'meta' => [
+                'currency' => 'USD',
+                'tax_rate' => 0.1,
+            ],
+        ];
+    }
+}
+
+// Response
+{
+    "data": { "id": 1, "total": 100 },
+    "meta": { "currency": "USD", "tax_rate": 0.1 }
+}
+```
+
+### Custom Wrapper
+
+```php
+// Disable "data" wrapper
+class PlainResource extends JsonResource
+{
+    public static $wrap = null;
+}
+
+// Response (no "data" key)
+{ "id": 1, "name": "John" }
+```
+
+---
+
+## Resource Collection
+
+### Custom Collection Class
+
+```php
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Resources;
+
+use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\ResourceCollection;
+
+class UserCollection extends ResourceCollection
+{
+    public $collects = UserResource::class;
+
+    public function toArray(Request $request): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'data' => $this->collection,
+            'meta' => [
+                'total_active' => $this->collection->where('status', 'active')->count(),
+            ],
+        ];
+    }
+}
+
+// Usage
+return new UserCollection($users->paginate(15));
+```
+
+---
+
+## Common Patterns
+
+### User Resource
+
+```php
+class UserResource extends JsonResource
+{
+    public function toArray(Request $request): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'id' => $this->id,
+            'name' => $this->name,
+            'email' => $this->email,
+            'avatar_url' => $this->avatar_url,
+            'email_verified_at' => $this->email_verified_at?->toISOString(),
+            'created_at' => $this->created_at?->toISOString(),
+            'updated_at' => $this->updated_at?->toISOString(),
+            
+            // Relations
+            'profile' => new ProfileResource($this->whenLoaded('profile')),
+            'roles' => RoleResource::collection($this->whenLoaded('roles')),
+        ];
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Post Resource (with Author)
+
+```php
+class PostResource extends JsonResource
+{
+    public function toArray(Request $request): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'id' => $this->id,
+            'title' => $this->title,
+            'slug' => $this->slug,
+            'content' => $this->content,
+            'excerpt' => Str::limit($this->content, 150),
+            'status' => $this->status,
+            'published_at' => $this->published_at?->toISOString(),
+            'created_at' => $this->created_at?->toISOString(),
+            'updated_at' => $this->updated_at?->toISOString(),
+            
+            // Author (always loaded)
+            'author' => new UserResource($this->whenLoaded('author')),
+            
+            // Comments (conditional)
+            'comments' => CommentResource::collection($this->whenLoaded('comments')),
+            'comments_count' => $this->whenCounted('comments'),
+            
+            // Computed
+            'is_published' => $this->status === 'published',
+            'reading_time' => ceil(str_word_count($this->content) / 200) . ' min',
+        ];
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### Order Resource (with Items)
+
+```php
+class OrderResource extends JsonResource
+{
+    public function toArray(Request $request): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'id' => $this->id,
+            'order_number' => $this->order_number,
+            'status' => $this->status,
+            'subtotal' => $this->subtotal,
+            'tax' => $this->tax,
+            'total' => $this->total,
+            'currency' => 'JPY',
+            'paid_at' => $this->paid_at?->toISOString(),
+            'shipped_at' => $this->shipped_at?->toISOString(),
+            'created_at' => $this->created_at?->toISOString(),
+            
+            // Relations
+            'customer' => new UserResource($this->whenLoaded('customer')),
+            'items' => OrderItemResource::collection($this->whenLoaded('items')),
+            
+            // Computed
+            'items_count' => $this->whenCounted('items'),
+            'can_cancel' => $this->status === 'pending',
+            'can_refund' => in_array($this->status, ['paid', 'shipped']),
+        ];
+    }
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Best Practices
+
+### ✅ DO
+
+```php
+// Always use toISOString() for dates
+'created_at' => $this->created_at?->toISOString(),
+
+// Use whenLoaded() for relationships
+'posts' => PostResource::collection($this->whenLoaded('posts')),
+
+// Use when() for conditional fields
+'admin_notes' => $this->when($request->user()?->isAdmin(), $this->admin_notes),
+
+// Use null-safe operator
+'profile' => new ProfileResource($this->whenLoaded('profile')),
+```
+
+### ❌ DON'T
+
+```php
+// Don't expose sensitive fields
+'password' => $this->password,
+'remember_token' => $this->remember_token,
+
+// Don't use model directly (causes N+1)
+'posts' => PostResource::collection($this->posts),  // Load in controller!
+
+// Don't format dates inconsistently
+'created_at' => $this->created_at->format('Y-m-d'),
+'updated_at' => $this->updated_at->toDateTimeString(),
+```