@falai/agent 3.4.5 → 4.0.0-alpha.1

package/docs/reference/stores.md

@@ -0,0 +1,496 @@
+---
+title: "Stores"
+description: "The seven Store classes: the client each takes, the table or collection it expects, and how each one checks the version on save."
+type: reference
+order: 11
+---
+
+# Stores
+
+A store keeps session blobs. It has two methods, `load(id)` and `save(session, expectedVersion)`, and the package ships seven of them. You build the database client yourself and pass it in; the package imports no driver. The six drivers are optional peer dependencies (`pg ^8`, `@prisma/client ^6`, `ioredis ^5`, `mongodb ^6`, `better-sqlite3 ^11 || ^12`, `@opensearch-project/opensearch ^2`), and each store types its client as a small interface, so anything with the same methods fits.
+
+## What every store does
+
+All seven read and write the same row through `src/persistence/sessionRow.ts`:
+
+- **Write.** The blob is the `Session` with `id`, `v: 4`, the new `version`, `data`, `runs`, `claims`, `inputs`, `metadata`, plus `lastUserAt`, `lastAssistantAt` and `history` only when set. A store's own `created_at` / `updated_at` columns are not part of the session.
+- **Read.** Text is parsed as JSON, then the blob goes through `assertSession`. Anything that is not a v4 session throws `InvalidSessionError`; a corrupt row never comes back as a fresh conversation.
+- **Version.** `save(session, 0)` inserts and fails when a row exists. `save(session, n)` updates only the row whose stored version is `n`. Either failure throws `SessionConflictError`. Success stores `n + 1` and returns the session with that number. The check and the write happen in one statement, script or conditional update, never as a read followed by a write.
+- **`save` returns the blob it wrote**, not a re-read of the row.
+
+| Class | Client type | Where the row lives (default) | Insert (version 0) | Update (version n) |
+|-------|-------------|-------------------------------|--------------------|--------------------|
+| `MemoryStore` | none | a `Map` in the process | key exists = conflict | version differs = conflict |
+| `PostgresStore` | `PgClient` | table `agent_sessions` | `INSERT … ON CONFLICT (id) DO NOTHING`, no row back = conflict | `UPDATE … WHERE id = $1 AND version = $4`, no row back = conflict |
+| `PrismaStore` | `PrismaClient` | model `agentSession` | `create`, Prisma `P2002` = conflict | `updateMany({ where: { id, version } })`, `count === 0` = conflict |
+| `RedisStore` | `RedisClient` | hash `agent:session:<id>` | one Lua script | the same script |
+| `MongoStore` | `MongoClient` | collection `agent_sessions` | `insertOne`, code `11000` = conflict | `updateOne({ _id, version })`, `matchedCount === 0` = conflict |
+| `SQLiteStore` | `SqliteDatabase` | table `agent_sessions` | `INSERT OR IGNORE`, `changes === 0` = conflict | `UPDATE … WHERE id = ? AND version = ?`, `changes === 0` = conflict |
+| `OpenSearchStore` | `OpenSearchClient` | index `agent_sessions` | `index` with `op_type: 'create'`, HTTP 409 = conflict | scripted `update`, `noop` = conflict |
+
+## MemoryStore
+
+For tests and prototypes. Everything is lost when the process stops. Rows are kept as JSON text and read back through the same check as every other store, so `Date` objects come back as text and `undefined` drops, exactly as they would through PostgreSQL.
+
+### Signature
+
+```ts fragment
+class MemoryStore<D = unknown> implements Store<D> {
+  load(id: string): Promise<Session<D> | null>;
+  save(session: Session<D>, expectedVersion: number): Promise<Session<D>>;
+  /** Drop every session. */
+  clear(): void;
+}
+```
+
+### Example
+
+```ts
+import { MemoryStore } from "@falai/agent";
+import type { Session } from "@falai/agent";
+
+const store = new MemoryStore<{ nome: string }>();
+console.log(await store.load("s1")); // null: nothing saved yet
+
+const session: Session<{ nome: string }> = {
+  id: "s1", v: 4, version: 0, data: {}, runs: [], claims: {}, inputs: [], metadata: {},
+};
+const saved = await store.save(session, 0);
+console.log(saved.version); // 1
+
+store.clear();
+console.log(await store.load("s1")); // null
+```
+
+## PostgresStore
+
+Over a `pg` `Client` or `Pool`. One row per session; the blob is JSONB, so PostgreSQL hands it back parsed.
+
+### Signature
+
+```ts fragment
+interface PostgresStoreOptions {
+  client: PgClient;
+  /** Table name. Default `agent_sessions`. */
+  tables?: { sessions?: string };
+}
+
+/** Matches `pg`'s Client and Pool. */
+interface PgClient {
+  query<T = Record<string, unknown>>(sql: string, values?: unknown[]): Promise<PgQueryResult<T>>;
+  end(): Promise<void>;
+}
+
+interface PgQueryResult<T = Record<string, unknown>> {
+  rows: T[];
+  rowCount?: number | null;
+}
+
+class PostgresStore<D = unknown> implements Store<D> {
+  constructor(options: PostgresStoreOptions);
+  /** Create the table when it is missing. */
+  initialize(): Promise<void>;
+  /** Calls `client.end()`. */
+  disconnect(): Promise<void>;
+}
+```
+
+### The table
+
+`initialize()` runs this; run it yourself if you manage migrations:
+
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS agent_sessions (
+  id VARCHAR(255) PRIMARY KEY,
+  version INTEGER NOT NULL,
+  blob JSONB NOT NULL,
+  created_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
+  updated_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+```
+
+A 3.x `agent_sessions` table has different columns. Point `tables.sessions` at a fresh table and move old rows through `migrateSession` at the place you deserialize them, not through this table.
+
+### Behaviour
+
+- Version 0: `INSERT INTO t (id, version, blob) VALUES ($1, $2, $3) ON CONFLICT (id) DO NOTHING RETURNING version`. No row back means a row already existed.
+- Version n: `UPDATE t SET version = $2, blob = $3, updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1 AND version = $4 RETURNING version`. No row back means the stored version is not `n`, or the row is gone.
+- On a conflict the store runs one more `SELECT version` to fill `SessionConflictError.actualVersion`.
+
+### Example
+
+```ts
+import { PostgresStore } from "@falai/agent";
+import type { PgClient } from "@falai/agent";
+
+// const pool = new Pool({ connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL });
+declare const pool: PgClient;
+
+const store = new PostgresStore<{ nome: string }>({ client: pool });
+await store.initialize();
+
+const session = await store.load("s1"); // null on a first turn
+console.log(session?.version ?? 0);
+```
+
+## PrismaStore
+
+Over a generated Prisma client. The store looks up one model delegate by name (default `agentSession`) and needs `create`, `findUnique` and `updateMany` on it.
+
+### Signature
+
+```ts fragment
+interface PrismaStoreOptions {
+  prisma: PrismaClient;
+  /** Model name on the client. Default `agentSession`. */
+  tables?: { sessions?: string };
+  /** Field names when the model uses other names. */
+  fieldMappings?: { sessions?: Partial<Record<PrismaSessionField, string>> };
+}
+
+type PrismaSessionField = "id" | "version" | "blob" | "createdAt" | "updatedAt";
+
+/** Matches a generated Prisma client: model delegates by name, plus `$disconnect`. */
+interface PrismaClient {
+  [model: string]: unknown;
+  $disconnect?: () => Promise<void>;
+}
+
+/** The delegate a generated client exposes per model. */
+interface PrismaSessionModel {
+  create(params: { data: Record<string, unknown> }): Promise<Record<string, unknown>>;
+  findUnique(params: { where: Record<string, unknown> }): Promise<Record<string, unknown> | null>;
+  updateMany(params: { where: Record<string, unknown>; data: Record<string, unknown> }): Promise<{ count: number }>;
+}
+
+class PrismaStore<D = unknown> implements Store<D> {
+  constructor(options: PrismaStoreOptions);
+  /** Calls `prisma.$disconnect()` when it exists. */
+  disconnect(): Promise<void>;
+}
+```
+
+### The model
+
+```prisma
+model AgentSession {
+  id        String   @id
+  version   Int
+  blob      Json
+  createdAt DateTime @default(now())
+  updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt
+}
+```
+
+Prisma exposes this as `prisma.agentSession`. Other names go through `tables.sessions` (the delegate) and `fieldMappings.sessions` (the five fields). All five fields are required; 3.x tolerated a model without `version`, and that no longer works.
+
+### Behaviour
+
+- The constructor checks the delegate at once. A missing model throws a `TypeError`: `[TypeError] PrismaStore cannot use model "agentSession": the client has no such delegate with create, findUnique and updateMany. Add the model to schema.prisma and run prisma generate, or pass tables.sessions with its name.`
+- Version 0: `create({ data: { id, version: 1, blob, createdAt, updatedAt } })`. Prisma's unique violation, error `code === "P2002"`, is the conflict. Any other error is rethrown.
+- Version n: `updateMany({ where: { id, version: n }, data: { version: n + 1, blob, updatedAt } })`. `count === 0` is the conflict.
+- The blob is stored as a JSON value (Prisma's `Json`), not as text.
+
+### Example
+
+```ts
+import { PrismaStore } from "@falai/agent";
+import type { PrismaClient } from "@falai/agent";
+
+// const prisma = new PrismaClient();   // from @prisma/client
+declare const prisma: PrismaClient;
+
+const store = new PrismaStore<{ nome: string }>({
+  prisma,
+  tables: { sessions: "conversa" },
+  fieldMappings: { sessions: { blob: "estado", updatedAt: "atualizadoEm" } },
+});
+console.log(await store.load("s1")); // null on a first turn
+```
+
+## RedisStore
+
+Over an ioredis-shaped client. One hash per session with the fields `version`, `blob` (JSON text), `createdAt` and `updatedAt`.
+
+### Signature
+
+```ts fragment
+interface RedisStoreOptions {
+  redis: RedisClient;
+  /** Prefix of every key. Default `agent:`. */
+  keyPrefix?: string;
+  /** Seconds a session lives after its last save; `0` keeps it forever. Default 7 days. */
+  sessionTTL?: number;
+}
+
+/** Matches ioredis. node-redis users wrap `eval` to this positional form. */
+interface RedisClient {
+  hgetall(key: string): Promise<Record<string, string>>;
+  eval(script: string, numKeys: number, ...args: (string | number)[]): Promise<unknown>;
+  quit(): Promise<string>;
+}
+
+class RedisStore<D = unknown> implements Store<D> {
+  constructor(options: RedisStoreOptions);
+  /** Calls `redis.quit()`. */
+  disconnect(): Promise<void>;
+}
+```
+
+### The key
+
+`${keyPrefix}session:${id}`, so `agent:session:s1` by default. Nothing to create ahead of time.
+
+### Behaviour
+
+The version check and the write are one Lua script, so two writers on a shared client cannot interleave between the read and the write:
+
+```lua
+local current = redis.call('HGET', KEYS[1], 'version')
+if ARGV[1] == '0' then
+  if current then return current end
+elseif current ~= ARGV[1] then
+  return current or 'missing'
+end
+redis.call('HSET', KEYS[1], 'version', ARGV[2], 'blob', ARGV[3], 'updatedAt', ARGV[4])
+redis.call('HSETNX', KEYS[1], 'createdAt', ARGV[4])
+if tonumber(ARGV[5]) > 0 then redis.call('EXPIRE', KEYS[1], ARGV[5]) end
+return nil
+```
+
+`ARGV` is the expected version, the next version, the blob, now as ISO text and the TTL in seconds. `nil` back is success; a version back is the conflict (`actualVersion` is that number); `'missing'` means the hash is gone (`actualVersion` is `undefined`).
+
+- `sessionTTL` defaults to `7 * 24 * 60 * 60` = 604800 seconds and is reset on every save. `0` never expires.
+- `load` returns `null` when the hash has no fields.
+
+### Example
+
+```ts
+import { RedisStore } from "@falai/agent";
+import type { RedisClient } from "@falai/agent";
+
+// const redis = new Redis(process.env.REDIS_URL);   // from ioredis
+declare const redis: RedisClient;
+
+const store = new RedisStore<{ nome: string }>({ redis, keyPrefix: "vendas:", sessionTTL: 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 });
+console.log(await store.load("s1")); // reads hash vendas:session:s1
+```
+
+## MongoStore
+
+Over the official driver's client. One document per session: `_id` is the session id.
+
+### Signature
+
+```ts fragment
+interface MongoStoreOptions {
+  client: MongoClient;
+  databaseName: string;
+  /** Collection name. Default `agent_sessions`. */
+  collections?: { sessions?: string };
+}
+
+interface MongoClient {
+  db(name?: string): MongoDatabase;
+  close(): Promise<void>;
+}
+
+interface MongoDatabase {
+  collection<T = Record<string, unknown>>(name: string): MongoCollection<T>;
+}
+
+/** Matches the mongodb driver's Collection. */
+interface MongoCollection<T = Record<string, unknown>> {
+  insertOne(doc: T): Promise<unknown>;
+  findOne(filter: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<T | null>;
+  updateOne(filter: Record<string, unknown>, update: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<{ matchedCount: number }>;
+}
+
+class MongoStore<D = unknown> implements Store<D> {
+  constructor(options: MongoStoreOptions);
+  /** Calls `client.close()`. */
+  disconnect(): Promise<void>;
+}
+```
+
+### The document
+
+```json
+{ "_id": "s1", "version": 3, "blob": "{\"id\":\"s1\",\"v\":4,...}", "createdAt": ISODate, "updatedAt": ISODate }
+```
+
+`blob` is JSON text, not a sub-document, because claim keys carry channel message ids and those may contain dots, which older servers reject in field names. Nothing to create: `_id` is unique on its own.
+
+### Behaviour
+
+- Version 0: `insertOne({ _id, version: 1, blob, createdAt, updatedAt })`. The driver's duplicate key error, `code === 11000`, is the conflict. Any other error is rethrown.
+- Version n: `updateOne({ _id, version: n }, { $set: { version: n + 1, blob, updatedAt } })`. `matchedCount === 0` is the conflict.
+
+### Example
+
+```ts
+import { MongoStore } from "@falai/agent";
+import type { MongoClient } from "@falai/agent";
+
+// const client = new MongoClient(process.env.MONGO_URL);   // from mongodb
+declare const client: MongoClient;
+
+const store = new MongoStore<{ nome: string }>({ client, databaseName: "vendas" });
+console.log(await store.load("s1")); // null on a first turn
+```
+
+## SQLiteStore
+
+Over a better-sqlite3-shaped database; `bun:sqlite` fits the same interface. The blob is JSON text.
+
+### Signature
+
+```ts fragment
+interface SQLiteStoreOptions {
+  db: SqliteDatabase;
+  /** Table name. Default `agent_sessions`. */
+  tables?: { sessions?: string };
+}
+
+/** Matches better-sqlite3 and bun:sqlite databases. */
+interface SqliteDatabase {
+  prepare(sql: string): SqliteStatement;
+  exec(sql: string): unknown;
+  close(): void;
+}
+
+interface SqliteStatement {
+  run(...params: unknown[]): { changes: number };
+  get(...params: unknown[]): unknown;
+}
+
+class SQLiteStore<D = unknown> implements Store<D> {
+  constructor(options: SQLiteStoreOptions);
+  /** Create the table when it is missing. */
+  initialize(): Promise<void>;
+  /** Calls `db.close()`. */
+  disconnect(): Promise<void>;
+}
+```
+
+### The table
+
+```sql
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS agent_sessions (
+  id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+  version INTEGER NOT NULL,
+  blob TEXT NOT NULL,
+  created_at TEXT NOT NULL,
+  updated_at TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+```
+
+Same note as PostgreSQL: a 3.x table has other columns, so use a fresh table.
+
+### Behaviour
+
+- Version 0: `INSERT OR IGNORE INTO t (id, version, blob, created_at, updated_at) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)`. `changes === 0` is the conflict.
+- Version n: `UPDATE t SET version = ?, blob = ?, updated_at = ? WHERE id = ? AND version = ?`. `changes === 0` is the conflict.
+- The driver is synchronous; the store wraps each call in a promise so a thrown error is a rejection like everywhere else.
+
+### Example
+
+```ts
+import { SQLiteStore } from "@falai/agent";
+import type { SqliteDatabase } from "@falai/agent";
+
+// const db = new Database("sessions.db");   // from better-sqlite3 or bun:sqlite
+declare const db: SqliteDatabase;
+
+const store = new SQLiteStore<{ nome: string }>({ db });
+await store.initialize();
+console.log(await store.load("s1")); // null on a first turn
+```
+
+## OpenSearchStore
+
+Over `@opensearch-project/opensearch`'s client; Elasticsearch 7.x fits the same calls. One document per session, with `blob` stored but not indexed. The constructor takes the client first and the options second.
+
+### Signature
+
+```ts fragment
+interface OpenSearchStoreOptions {
+  /** Index name. Default `agent_sessions`. */
+  indices?: { sessions?: string };
+  /** Create the index with its mappings on `initialize()`. Default true. */
+  autoCreateIndices?: boolean;
+  /** Refresh policy on writes: `true` at once, `false` in the background, `'wait_for'` blocks. Default false. */
+  refresh?: boolean | "wait_for";
+}
+
+/** Matches `@opensearch-project/opensearch`'s Client. */
+interface OpenSearchClient {
+  index(params: { index: string; id: string; body: Record<string, unknown>; op_type?: "index" | "create"; refresh?: boolean | "wait_for" }): Promise<{ body: { result: string } }>;
+  update(params: { index: string; id: string; body: Record<string, unknown>; retry_on_conflict?: number; refresh?: boolean | "wait_for" }): Promise<{ body: { result: string } }>;
+  get(params: { index: string; id: string }): Promise<{ body: { _source: Record<string, unknown> } }>;
+  indices: {
+    exists(params: { index: string }): Promise<{ body: boolean }>;
+    create(params: { index: string; body: { mappings?: Record<string, unknown> } }): Promise<{ body: { acknowledged: boolean } }>;
+  };
+}
+
+class OpenSearchStore<D = unknown> implements Store<D> {
+  constructor(client: OpenSearchClient, options?: OpenSearchStoreOptions);
+  /** Create the index with its mappings when it is missing and `autoCreateIndices` is on. */
+  initialize(): Promise<void>;
+}
+```
+
+There is no `disconnect()` on this store.
+
+### The index
+
+`initialize()` creates it with these mappings when it is missing:
+
+```json
+{
+  "mappings": {
+    "properties": {
+      "id": { "type": "keyword" },
+      "version": { "type": "integer" },
+      "blob": { "type": "object", "enabled": false },
+      "createdAt": { "type": "date" },
+      "updatedAt": { "type": "date" }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+The document id is the session id; `blob` is the session object itself, stored and never indexed.
+
+### Behaviour
+
+- Version 0: `index({ id, op_type: 'create', body: { id, version: 1, blob, createdAt, updatedAt } })`. An HTTP 409 (`error.statusCode`) is the conflict. Any other error is rethrown.
+- Version n: a Painless script `update` with `retry_on_conflict: 3` that compares `ctx._source.version` to `n` and sets `ctx.op = 'noop'` when they differ; otherwise it writes `version`, `blob` and `updatedAt`. A `noop` result, a 404 or a 409 is the conflict.
+- `load` treats a 404 as `null`.
+- `refresh` is passed on every write; it defaults to `false`.
+
+### Example
+
+```ts
+import { OpenSearchStore } from "@falai/agent";
+import type { OpenSearchClient } from "@falai/agent";
+
+// const client = new Client({ node: process.env.OPENSEARCH_URL });   // from @opensearch-project/opensearch
+declare const client: OpenSearchClient;
+
+const store = new OpenSearchStore<{ nome: string }>(client, { indices: { sessions: "conversas" }, refresh: "wait_for" });
+await store.initialize();
+console.log(await store.load("s1")); // null on a first turn
+```
+
+## Writing your own
+
+Implement `Store<D>`: `load` returns the session or `null`; `save` checks the version and writes in one atomic step, throws `SessionConflictError(sessionId, expectedVersion, actualVersion)` when the check fails, and returns the session stamped with `expectedVersion + 1`. Run the blob you read through `assertSession(blob, id)` so a bad row throws `InvalidSessionError` instead of starting a fresh conversation. The contract test in `tests/store-contract.test.ts` is the same for all seven; a new store should pass it too.
+
+## See also
+
+- [Session](./session.md): what the blob holds and who writes each field.
+- [Persistence](../guides/persistence.md): the host loop, `migrateSession` for 3.x rows, and picking a store.
+- [Go to production](../start/05-go-to-production.md): from `MemoryStore` to `PostgresStore` step by step.
+- [Errors](./errors.md): `SessionConflictError` and `InvalidSessionError`.