@etherisc/gif-next 0.0.2-bf75dbb-287 → 0.0.2-c00cf5d-513

package/contracts/pool/PoolService.sol

@@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+pragma solidity ^0.8.19;
+
+import {Pool} from "./Pool.sol";
+import {IRegistry} from "../registry/IRegistry.sol";
+import {IInstance} from "../instance/IInstance.sol";
+import {IBundle} from "../instance/module/IBundle.sol";
+import {TokenHandler} from "../instance/module/ITreasury.sol";
+import {IComponents} from "../instance/module/IComponents.sol";
+import {IPolicy} from "../instance/module/IPolicy.sol";
+
+import {IVersionable} from "../shared/IVersionable.sol";
+import {Versionable} from "../shared/Versionable.sol";
+import {INftOwnable} from "../shared/INftOwnable.sol";
+
+import {Amount, AmountLib} from "../type/Amount.sol";
+import {Fee, FeeLib} from "../type/Fee.sol";
+import {NftId, NftIdLib, zeroNftId} from "../type/NftId.sol";
+import {ObjectType, POOL, BUNDLE} from "../type/ObjectType.sol";
+import {PUBLIC_ROLE, POOL_OWNER_ROLE, POLICY_SERVICE_ROLE, RoleId} from "../type/RoleId.sol";
+import {Fee, FeeLib} from "../type/Fee.sol";
+import {Version, VersionLib} from "../type/Version.sol";
+import {KEEP_STATE, StateId} from "../type/StateId.sol";
+import {Seconds} from "../type/Seconds.sol";
+import {TimestampLib, zeroTimestamp} from "../type/Timestamp.sol";
+import {Version, VersionLib} from "../type/Version.sol";
+
+import {IService} from "../shared/IService.sol";
+import {Service} from "../shared/Service.sol";
+import {BundleManager} from "../instance/BundleManager.sol";
+import {ComponentService} from "../shared/ComponentService.sol";
+import {IBundleService} from "./IBundleService.sol";
+import {IPoolService} from "./IPoolService.sol";
+import {IRegistryService} from "../registry/IRegistryService.sol";
+import {InstanceService} from "../instance/InstanceService.sol";
+import {InstanceReader} from "../instance/InstanceReader.sol";
+import {IComponent} from "../shared/IComponent.sol";
+import {IPoolComponent} from "./IPoolComponent.sol";
+
+string constant POOL_SERVICE_NAME = "PoolService";
+
+contract PoolService is 
+    ComponentService, 
+    IPoolService 
+{
+    using NftIdLib for NftId;
+    using AmountLib for Amount;
+
+    IBundleService internal _bundleService;
+
+    function _initialize(
+        address owner, 
+        bytes memory data
+    )
+        internal
+        initializer
+        virtual override
+    {
+        (
+            address registryAddress,, 
+            //address managerAddress
+            address authority
+        ) = abi.decode(data, (address, address, address));
+
+        initializeService(registryAddress, authority, owner);
+        _bundleService = IBundleService(getRegistry().getServiceAddress(BUNDLE(), getVersion().toMajorPart()));
+        registerInterface(type(IPoolService).interfaceId);
+    }
+
+    function getDomain() public pure override returns(ObjectType) {
+        return POOL();
+    }
+
+    function register(address poolAddress) 
+        external
+        returns(NftId poolNftId)
+    {
+        (
+            IComponent component,
+            address owner,
+            IInstance instance,
+            NftId instanceNftId
+        ) = _checkComponentForRegistration(
+            poolAddress,
+            POOL(),
+            POOL_OWNER_ROLE());
+
+        IPoolComponent pool = IPoolComponent(poolAddress);
+        IRegistry.ObjectInfo memory registryInfo = getRegistryService().registerPool(pool, owner);
+        pool.linkToRegisteredNftId();
+        poolNftId = registryInfo.nftId;
+
+        // amend component info with pool specific token handler
+        IComponents.ComponentInfo memory componentInfo = pool.getComponentInfo();
+        componentInfo.tokenHandler = new TokenHandler(address(componentInfo.token));
+
+        // save amended component info with instance
+        instance.getInstanceStore().createPoolSetup(poolNftId, componentInfo);
+
+        bytes4[][] memory selectors = new bytes4[][](2);
+        selectors[0] = new bytes4[](1);
+        selectors[1] = new bytes4[](1);
+
+        selectors[0][0] = IPoolComponent.setFees.selector;
+        selectors[1][0] = IPoolComponent.verifyApplication.selector;
+
+        RoleId[] memory roles = new RoleId[](2);
+        roles[0] = POOL_OWNER_ROLE();
+        roles[1] = POLICY_SERVICE_ROLE();
+
+        getInstanceService().createGifTarget(
+            instanceNftId, 
+            poolAddress, 
+            pool.getName(), 
+            selectors, 
+            roles);
+    }
+
+
+    function setMaxCapitalAmount(Amount maxCapitalAmount)
+        external
+        virtual
+    {
+        /*
+        (NftId poolNftId,, IInstance instance) = _getAndVerifyCallingComponentAndInstance(POOL());
+        InstanceReader instanceReader = instance.getInstanceReader();
+
+        IComponents.ComponentInfo memory componentInfo = instanceReader.getComponentInfo(poolNftId);
+        IComponents.PoolInfo memory poolInfo = abi.decode(componentInfo.data, (IComponents.PoolInfo));
+        Amount previousMaxCapitalAmount = poolInfo.maxCapitalAmount;
+
+        poolInfo.maxCapitalAmount = maxCapitalAmount;
+        componentInfo.data = abi.encode(poolInfo);
+        instance.getInstanceStore().updatePoolSetup(poolNftId, componentInfo, KEEP_STATE());
+
+        emit LogPoolServiceMaxCapitalAmountUpdated(poolNftId, previousMaxCapitalAmount, maxCapitalAmount);
+        */
+    }
+
+    function setBundleOwnerRole(RoleId bundleOwnerRole)
+        external
+        virtual
+    {
+        (NftId poolNftId,, IInstance instance) = _getAndVerifyCallingComponentAndInstance(POOL());
+        InstanceReader instanceReader = instance.getInstanceReader();
+
+        IComponents.ComponentInfo memory componentInfo = instanceReader.getComponentInfo(poolNftId);
+        IComponents.PoolInfo memory poolInfo = abi.decode(componentInfo.data, (IComponents.PoolInfo));
+
+        // bundle owner role may only be set once per pool
+        if(poolInfo.bundleOwnerRole != PUBLIC_ROLE()) {
+            revert ErrorPoolServiceBundleOwnerRoleAlreadySet(poolNftId);
+        }
+
+        poolInfo.bundleOwnerRole = bundleOwnerRole;
+        componentInfo.data = abi.encode(poolInfo);
+        instance.getInstanceStore().updatePoolSetup(poolNftId, componentInfo, KEEP_STATE());
+
+        emit LogPoolServiceBundleOwnerRoleSet(poolNftId, bundleOwnerRole);
+    }
+
+
+    function setFees(
+        Fee memory poolFee,
+        Fee memory stakingFee,
+        Fee memory performanceFee
+    )
+        external
+        virtual
+    {
+        (NftId poolNftId,, IInstance instance) = _getAndVerifyCallingComponentAndInstance(POOL());
+        InstanceReader instanceReader = instance.getInstanceReader();
+
+        IComponents.ComponentInfo memory componentInfo = instanceReader.getComponentInfo(poolNftId);
+        IComponents.PoolInfo memory poolInfo = abi.decode(componentInfo.data, (IComponents.PoolInfo));
+
+        poolInfo.poolFee = poolFee;
+        poolInfo.stakingFee = stakingFee;
+        poolInfo.performanceFee = performanceFee;
+        componentInfo.data = abi.encode(poolInfo);
+        instance.getInstanceStore().updatePoolSetup(poolNftId, componentInfo, KEEP_STATE());
+
+        // TODO add logging
+    }
+
+    function createBundle(
+        address owner, // initial bundle owner
+        Fee memory fee, // fees deducted from premium that go to bundle owner
+        Amount stakingAmount, // staking amount - staking fees result in initial bundle capital
+        Seconds lifetime, // initial duration for which new policies are covered
+        bytes calldata filter // optional use case specific criteria that define if a policy may be covered by this bundle
+    )
+        external 
+        virtual
+        returns(NftId bundleNftId)
+    {
+        (NftId poolNftId,, IInstance instance) = _getAndVerifyCallingComponentAndInstance(POOL());
+        InstanceReader instanceReader = instance.getInstanceReader();
+
+        // pool fee book keeping
+        IComponents.ComponentInfo memory componentInfo = instanceReader.getComponentInfo(poolNftId);
+        Amount stakingNetAmount = _processStakingFees(componentInfo, stakingAmount);
+
+        bundleNftId = _bundleService.create(
+            instance,
+            poolNftId,
+            owner,
+            fee,
+            stakingNetAmount,
+            lifetime,
+            filter);
+
+        // collect tokens from bundle owner
+        _transferStakingAmount(componentInfo, owner, stakingAmount);
+
+        emit LogPoolServiceBundleCreated(instance.getNftId(), poolNftId, bundleNftId);
+    }
+
+
+    function closeBundle(NftId bundleNftId)
+        external
+        virtual
+    {
+        (NftId poolNftId,, IInstance instance) = _getAndVerifyCallingComponentAndInstance(POOL());
+
+        // TODO book keeping for pool collateral released outside of retention level
+
+        // releasing collateral in bundle
+        _bundleService.close(instance, bundleNftId);
+
+        // TODO get performance fee for pool, transfer of remaining funds + bundle fees to bundle owner
+
+        emit LogPoolServiceBundleClosed(instance.getNftId(), poolNftId, bundleNftId);
+    }
+
+    function processSale(
+        NftId bundleNftId, 
+        IPolicy.Premium memory premium, 
+        Amount actualAmountTransferred
+    ) 
+        external
+        virtual
+        restricted
+    {
+        IRegistry registry = getRegistry();
+        IRegistry.ObjectInfo memory bundleObjectInfo = registry.getObjectInfo(bundleNftId);
+        IRegistry.ObjectInfo memory poolObjectInfo = registry.getObjectInfo(bundleObjectInfo.parentNftId);
+        IRegistry.ObjectInfo memory instanceObjectInfo = registry.getObjectInfo(poolObjectInfo.parentNftId);
+        IInstance instance = IInstance(instanceObjectInfo.objectAddress);
+
+        Amount poolFeeAmount = AmountLib.toAmount(premium.poolFeeFixAmount + premium.poolFeeVarAmount);
+        Amount bundleFeeAmount = AmountLib.toAmount(premium.bundleFeeFixAmount + premium.bundleFeeVarAmount);
+        Amount expectedTransferAmount = AmountLib.toAmount(premium.netPremiumAmount) + poolFeeAmount + bundleFeeAmount;
+        if (!(actualAmountTransferred == expectedTransferAmount)) {
+            revert ErrorPoolServiceInvalidTransferAmount(expectedTransferAmount, actualAmountTransferred);
+        }
+        
+        // update pool fee balance
+        if (poolFeeAmount.gtz()) {
+            IComponents.ComponentInfo memory poolComponentInfo = instance.getInstanceReader().getComponentInfo(poolObjectInfo.nftId);
+            poolComponentInfo.feeAmount = poolComponentInfo.feeAmount.add(poolFeeAmount);
+            instance.getInstanceStore().updatePoolSetup(poolObjectInfo.nftId, poolComponentInfo, KEEP_STATE());
+        }
+
+        if (bundleFeeAmount.gtz()) {
+            _bundleService.updateBundleFees(instance, bundleNftId, bundleFeeAmount);
+        }
+    }
+
+    function lockCollateral(
+        IInstance instance, 
+        NftId productNftId,
+        NftId applicationNftId,
+        IPolicy.PolicyInfo memory applicationInfo,
+        Amount premiumAmount // premium amount after product and distribution fees
+    )
+        external
+        virtual
+        restricted
+    {
+        InstanceReader instanceReader = instance.getInstanceReader();
+        NftId poolNftId = instanceReader.getProductSetupInfo(productNftId).poolNftId;
+        NftId bundleNftId = applicationInfo.bundleNftId;
+
+        // TODO move this check to application creation and don't repeat this here
+        // ensure that pool for bundle from application matches with pool for product of application
+        IBundle.BundleInfo memory bundleInfo = instanceReader.getBundleInfo(bundleNftId);
+        if(bundleInfo.poolNftId != poolNftId) {
+            revert ErrorPoolServiceBundlePoolMismatch(bundleInfo.poolNftId, poolNftId);
+        }
+
+        IComponents.ComponentInfo memory componentInfo = instanceReader.getComponentInfo(poolNftId);
+        IComponents.PoolInfo memory poolInfo = abi.decode(componentInfo.data, (IComponents.PoolInfo));
+
+        // TODO add correct required collateral calculation (collateralization level mibht be != 1, retention level might be < 1)
+        Amount collateralAmount = applicationInfo.sumInsuredAmount;
+
+        // TODO add correct net premium calculation (pool fee might be > 0)
+        Amount premiumAfterPoolFeeAmount = premiumAmount;
+
+        // lock collateral amount from involvedd bundle
+        _bundleService.lockCollateral(
+            instance,
+            applicationNftId, 
+            bundleNftId,
+            collateralAmount,
+            premiumAfterPoolFeeAmount);
+
+        // also verify/confirm application by pool if necessary
+        if(poolInfo.isVerifyingApplications) {
+            address poolAddress = getRegistry().getObjectInfo(poolNftId).objectAddress;
+            IPoolComponent(poolAddress).verifyApplication(
+                applicationNftId, 
+                applicationInfo.applicationData, 
+                bundleNftId,
+                bundleInfo.filter,
+                collateralAmount);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    function reduceCollateral(
+        IInstance instance, 
+        NftId policyNftId, 
+        IPolicy.PolicyInfo memory policyInfo,
+        Amount payoutAmount
+    )
+        external
+        virtual
+        restricted
+    {
+        _bundleService.releaseCollateral(
+            instance, 
+            policyNftId, 
+            policyInfo.bundleNftId, 
+            payoutAmount);
+    }
+
+
+    /// @dev releases the remaining collateral linked to the specified policy
+    /// may only be called by the policy service for unlocked pool components
+    function releaseCollateral(
+        IInstance instance, 
+        NftId policyNftId, 
+        IPolicy.PolicyInfo memory policyInfo
+    )
+        external
+        virtual
+        restricted
+    {
+        _bundleService.releaseCollateral(
+            instance, 
+            policyNftId, 
+            policyInfo.bundleNftId, 
+            policyInfo.sumInsuredAmount - policyInfo.claimAmount);
+
+        _bundleService.unlinkPolicy(
+            instance, 
+            policyNftId);
+    }
+
+
+    function _processStakingFees(
+        IComponents.ComponentInfo memory componentInfo, 
+        Amount stakingAmount
+    )
+        internal
+        returns (Amount stakingNetAmount)
+    {
+        stakingNetAmount = stakingAmount;
+
+        // check if any staking fees apply
+        Fee memory stakingFee = abi.decode(componentInfo.data, (IComponents.PoolInfo)).stakingFee;
+        if (FeeLib.gtz(stakingFee)) {
+            (Amount feeAmount, Amount netAmount) = FeeLib.calculateFee(stakingFee, stakingAmount);
+            stakingNetAmount = netAmount;
+
+            // TODO update fee balance for pool
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    // TODO create (I)TreasuryService that deals with all gif related token transfers
+    /// @dev transfers the specified amount from the bundle owner to the pool's wallet
+    function _transferStakingAmount(
+        IComponents.ComponentInfo memory componentInfo,
+        address bundleOwner,
+        Amount stakingAmount
+    )
+        internal
+    {
+        TokenHandler tokenHandler = componentInfo.tokenHandler;
+        address poolWallet = componentInfo.wallet;
+
+        if(stakingAmount.gtz()) {
+            tokenHandler.transfer(
+                bundleOwner,
+                poolWallet,
+                stakingAmount
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+}

package/contracts/pool/PoolServiceManager.sol

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
+
+import {IVersionable} from "../shared/IVersionable.sol";
+import {ProxyManager} from "../shared/ProxyManager.sol";
+import {PoolService} from "./PoolService.sol";
+import {Registry} from "../registry/Registry.sol";
+import {RegistryService} from "../registry/RegistryService.sol";
+import {REGISTRY} from "../type/ObjectType.sol";
+
+contract PoolServiceManager is ProxyManager {
+
+    PoolService private _poolService;
+
+    /// @dev initializes proxy manager with pool service implementation 
+    constructor(
+        address authority, 
+        address registryAddress,
+        bytes32 salt
+    ) 
+        ProxyManager(registryAddress)
+    {
+        PoolService poolSrv = new PoolService{salt: salt}();
+        bytes memory data = abi.encode(registryAddress, address(this), authority);
+        IVersionable versionable = deployDetermenistic(
+            address(poolSrv), 
+            data,
+            salt);
+
+        _poolService = PoolService(address(versionable));
+    }
+
+    //--- view functions ----------------------------------------------------//
+    function getPoolService()
+        external
+        view
+        returns (PoolService poolService)
+    {
+        return _poolService;
+    }
+
+}

package/contracts/product/ApplicationService.sol

@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+pragma solidity ^0.8.19;
+
+import {AmountLib} from "../type/Amount.sol";
+import {Seconds} from "../type/Seconds.sol";
+import {Timestamp, TimestampLib, zeroTimestamp} from "../type/Timestamp.sol";
+import {UFixed, UFixedLib} from "../type/UFixed.sol";
+import {Blocknumber, blockNumber} from "../type/Blocknumber.sol";
+import {ObjectType, DISTRIBUTION, INSTANCE, PRODUCT, POOL, APPLICATION, POLICY, BUNDLE, PRICE} from "../type/ObjectType.sol";
+import {APPLIED, REVOKED, ACTIVE, KEEP_STATE} from "../type/StateId.sol";
+import {NftId, NftIdLib, zeroNftId} from "../type/NftId.sol";
+import {Fee, FeeLib} from "../type/Fee.sol";
+import {ReferralId} from "../type/Referral.sol";
+import {RiskId} from "../type/RiskId.sol";
+import {StateId} from "../type/StateId.sol";
+import {Version, VersionLib} from "../type/Version.sol";
+import {Amount, AmountLib} from "../type/Amount.sol";
+
+import {TokenHandler} from "../shared/TokenHandler.sol";
+import {IVersionable} from "../shared/IVersionable.sol";
+import {Versionable} from "../shared/Versionable.sol";
+import {IService} from "../shared/IService.sol";
+import {Service} from "../shared/Service.sol";
+
+import {IRegistry} from "../registry/IRegistry.sol";
+
+import {IProductComponent} from "./IProductComponent.sol";
+import {IPoolComponent} from "../pool/IPoolComponent.sol";
+import {IDistributionComponent} from "../distribution/IDistributionComponent.sol";
+import {Product} from "./Product.sol";
+
+import {IComponents} from "../instance/module/IComponents.sol";
+import {IPolicy} from "../instance/module/IPolicy.sol";
+import {IRisk} from "../instance/module/IRisk.sol";
+import {IBundle} from "../instance/module/IBundle.sol";
+import {IProductService} from "./IProductService.sol";
+import {ITreasury} from "../instance/module/ITreasury.sol";
+import {ISetup} from "../instance/module/ISetup.sol";
+
+import {ComponentService} from "../shared/ComponentService.sol";
+
+import {IInstance} from "../instance/IInstance.sol";
+import {InstanceReader} from "../instance/InstanceReader.sol";
+
+import {IApplicationService} from "./IApplicationService.sol";
+import {IBundleService} from "../pool/IBundleService.sol";
+import {IDistributionService} from "../distribution/IDistributionService.sol";
+import {IPoolService} from "../pool/IPoolService.sol";
+import {IPricingService} from "./IPricingService.sol";
+
+
+contract ApplicationService is 
+    ComponentService, 
+    IApplicationService
+{
+    IDistributionService internal _distributionService;
+    IPricingService internal _pricingService;
+
+    function _initialize(
+        address owner, 
+        bytes memory data
+    )
+        internal
+        virtual override
+        initializer()
+    {
+        (
+            address registryAddress,, 
+            //address managerAddress
+            address authority
+        ) = abi.decode(data, (address, address, address));
+
+        initializeService(registryAddress, authority, owner);
+        registerInterface(type(IApplicationService).interfaceId);
+
+        _distributionService = IDistributionService(_getServiceAddress(DISTRIBUTION()));
+        _pricingService = IPricingService(_getServiceAddress(PRICE()));
+    }
+
+
+    function getDomain() public pure override returns(ObjectType) {
+        return APPLICATION();
+    }
+
+
+    function create(
+        address applicationOwner,
+        RiskId riskId,
+        Amount sumInsuredAmount,
+        Seconds lifetime,
+        NftId bundleNftId,
+        ReferralId referralId,
+        bytes memory applicationData
+    )
+        external
+        virtual
+        returns (NftId applicationNftId)
+    {
+        (NftId productNftId,, IInstance instance) = _getAndVerifyCallingComponentAndInstance(PRODUCT());
+        // TODO: add validations (see create bundle in pool service)
+
+        applicationNftId = getRegistryService().registerPolicy(
+            IRegistry.ObjectInfo(
+                zeroNftId(),
+                productNftId,
+                POLICY(),
+                false, // intercepting property for policies is defined on product
+                address(0),
+                applicationOwner,
+                ""
+            )
+        );
+
+        // (uint256 premiumAmount,,,,,) = calculatePremium(
+        IPolicy.Premium memory premium = _pricingService.calculatePremium(
+            productNftId,
+            riskId,
+            sumInsuredAmount,
+            lifetime,
+            applicationData,
+            bundleNftId,
+            referralId
+        );
+
+        IPolicy.PolicyInfo memory policyInfo = IPolicy.PolicyInfo({
+            productNftId:       productNftId,
+            bundleNftId:        bundleNftId,
+            referralId:         referralId,
+            riskId:             riskId,
+            sumInsuredAmount:   sumInsuredAmount,
+            premiumAmount:      AmountLib.toAmount(premium.premiumAmount),
+            premiumPaidAmount:  AmountLib.zero(),
+            lifetime:           lifetime,
+            applicationData:    applicationData,
+            processData:        "",
+            claimsCount:        0,
+            openClaimsCount:    0,
+            claimAmount:        AmountLib.zero(),
+            payoutAmount:       AmountLib.zero(),
+            activatedAt:        zeroTimestamp(),
+            expiredAt:          zeroTimestamp(),
+            closedAt:           zeroTimestamp()
+        });
+        
+        instance.getInstanceStore().createApplication(applicationNftId, policyInfo);
+
+        // TODO: add logging
+    }
+
+
+    function renew(
+        NftId policyNftId, // policy to be renewd (renewal inherits policy attributes)
+        NftId bundleNftId // will likely need a newer bundle for underwriting
+    )
+        external
+        virtual override
+        returns (NftId applicationNftId)
+    {
+
+    }
+
+
+    function adjust(
+        NftId applicationNftId,
+        RiskId riskId,
+        NftId bundleNftId,
+        ReferralId referralId,
+        Amount sumInsuredAmount,
+        Seconds lifetime,
+        bytes memory applicationData
+    )
+        external
+        virtual override
+    {
+
+    }
+
+    function revoke(NftId applicationNftId)
+        external
+        virtual override
+    {
+        (,, IInstance instance) = _getAndVerifyCallingComponentAndInstance(PRODUCT());
+        instance.getInstanceStore().updateApplicationState(applicationNftId, REVOKED());
+    }
+
+    // internal functions
+}

package/contracts/product/ApplicationServiceManager.sol

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
+
+import {IVersionable} from "../shared/IVersionable.sol";
+import {ProxyManager} from "../shared/ProxyManager.sol";
+import {ApplicationService} from "./ApplicationService.sol";
+
+contract ApplicationServiceManager is ProxyManager {
+
+    ApplicationService private _applicationService;
+
+    /// @dev initializes proxy manager with service implementation 
+    constructor(
+        address authority, 
+        address registryAddress,
+        bytes32 salt
+    ) 
+        ProxyManager(registryAddress)
+    {
+        ApplicationService svc = new ApplicationService{salt: salt}();
+        bytes memory data = abi.encode(registryAddress, address(this), authority);
+        IVersionable versionable = deployDetermenistic(
+            address(svc), 
+            data,
+            salt);
+
+        _applicationService = ApplicationService(address(versionable));
+    }
+
+    //--- view functions ----------------------------------------------------//
+    function getApplicationService()
+        external
+        view
+        returns (ApplicationService)
+    {
+        return _applicationService;
+    }
+}