@elizaos/plugin-openai 1.0.0-beta.33 → 1.0.0-beta.37

package/dist/index.js

@@ -1,14 +1,560 @@
 // src/index.ts
 import { createOpenAI } from "@ai-sdk/openai";
 import {
-  ModelType,
+  EventType,
   logger,
-  VECTOR_DIMS
+  ModelType,
+  VECTOR_DIMS,
+  safeReplacer,
+  ServiceType
 } from "@elizaos/core";
-import { generateObject, generateText, JSONParseError } from "ai";
+import {
+  generateObject,
+  generateText,
+  JSONParseError
+} from "ai";
 import { encodingForModel } from "js-tiktoken";
-import FormData from "form-data";
-import fetch from "node-fetch";
+import { fetch, FormData } from "undici";
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/platform/node/globalThis.js
+var _globalThis = typeof globalThis === "object" ? globalThis : global;
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/version.js
+var VERSION = "1.9.0";
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/internal/semver.js
+var re = /^(\d+)\.(\d+)\.(\d+)(-(.+))?$/;
+function _makeCompatibilityCheck(ownVersion) {
+  var acceptedVersions = /* @__PURE__ */ new Set([ownVersion]);
+  var rejectedVersions = /* @__PURE__ */ new Set();
+  var myVersionMatch = ownVersion.match(re);
+  if (!myVersionMatch) {
+    return function() {
+      return false;
+    };
+  }
+  var ownVersionParsed = {
+    major: +myVersionMatch[1],
+    minor: +myVersionMatch[2],
+    patch: +myVersionMatch[3],
+    prerelease: myVersionMatch[4]
+  };
+  if (ownVersionParsed.prerelease != null) {
+    return function isExactmatch(globalVersion) {
+      return globalVersion === ownVersion;
+    };
+  }
+  function _reject(v) {
+    rejectedVersions.add(v);
+    return false;
+  }
+  function _accept(v) {
+    acceptedVersions.add(v);
+    return true;
+  }
+  return function isCompatible2(globalVersion) {
+    if (acceptedVersions.has(globalVersion)) {
+      return true;
+    }
+    if (rejectedVersions.has(globalVersion)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    var globalVersionMatch = globalVersion.match(re);
+    if (!globalVersionMatch) {
+      return _reject(globalVersion);
+    }
+    var globalVersionParsed = {
+      major: +globalVersionMatch[1],
+      minor: +globalVersionMatch[2],
+      patch: +globalVersionMatch[3],
+      prerelease: globalVersionMatch[4]
+    };
+    if (globalVersionParsed.prerelease != null) {
+      return _reject(globalVersion);
+    }
+    if (ownVersionParsed.major !== globalVersionParsed.major) {
+      return _reject(globalVersion);
+    }
+    if (ownVersionParsed.major === 0) {
+      if (ownVersionParsed.minor === globalVersionParsed.minor && ownVersionParsed.patch <= globalVersionParsed.patch) {
+        return _accept(globalVersion);
+      }
+      return _reject(globalVersion);
+    }
+    if (ownVersionParsed.minor <= globalVersionParsed.minor) {
+      return _accept(globalVersion);
+    }
+    return _reject(globalVersion);
+  };
+}
+var isCompatible = _makeCompatibilityCheck(VERSION);
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/internal/global-utils.js
+var major = VERSION.split(".")[0];
+var GLOBAL_OPENTELEMETRY_API_KEY = Symbol.for("opentelemetry.js.api." + major);
+var _global = _globalThis;
+function registerGlobal(type, instance, diag, allowOverride) {
+  var _a;
+  if (allowOverride === void 0) {
+    allowOverride = false;
+  }
+  var api = _global[GLOBAL_OPENTELEMETRY_API_KEY] = (_a = _global[GLOBAL_OPENTELEMETRY_API_KEY]) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : {
+    version: VERSION
+  };
+  if (!allowOverride && api[type]) {
+    var err = new Error("@opentelemetry/api: Attempted duplicate registration of API: " + type);
+    diag.error(err.stack || err.message);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (api.version !== VERSION) {
+    var err = new Error("@opentelemetry/api: Registration of version v" + api.version + " for " + type + " does not match previously registered API v" + VERSION);
+    diag.error(err.stack || err.message);
+    return false;
+  }
+  api[type] = instance;
+  diag.debug("@opentelemetry/api: Registered a global for " + type + " v" + VERSION + ".");
+  return true;
+}
+function getGlobal(type) {
+  var _a, _b;
+  var globalVersion = (_a = _global[GLOBAL_OPENTELEMETRY_API_KEY]) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.version;
+  if (!globalVersion || !isCompatible(globalVersion)) {
+    return;
+  }
+  return (_b = _global[GLOBAL_OPENTELEMETRY_API_KEY]) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b[type];
+}
+function unregisterGlobal(type, diag) {
+  diag.debug("@opentelemetry/api: Unregistering a global for " + type + " v" + VERSION + ".");
+  var api = _global[GLOBAL_OPENTELEMETRY_API_KEY];
+  if (api) {
+    delete api[type];
+  }
+}
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/diag/ComponentLogger.js
+var __read = function(o, n) {
+  var m = typeof Symbol === "function" && o[Symbol.iterator];
+  if (!m) return o;
+  var i = m.call(o), r, ar = [], e;
+  try {
+    while ((n === void 0 || n-- > 0) && !(r = i.next()).done) ar.push(r.value);
+  } catch (error) {
+    e = { error };
+  } finally {
+    try {
+      if (r && !r.done && (m = i["return"])) m.call(i);
+    } finally {
+      if (e) throw e.error;
+    }
+  }
+  return ar;
+};
+var __spreadArray = function(to, from, pack) {
+  if (pack || arguments.length === 2) for (var i = 0, l = from.length, ar; i < l; i++) {
+    if (ar || !(i in from)) {
+      if (!ar) ar = Array.prototype.slice.call(from, 0, i);
+      ar[i] = from[i];
+    }
+  }
+  return to.concat(ar || Array.prototype.slice.call(from));
+};
+var DiagComponentLogger = (
+  /** @class */
+  function() {
+    function DiagComponentLogger2(props) {
+      this._namespace = props.namespace || "DiagComponentLogger";
+    }
+    DiagComponentLogger2.prototype.debug = function() {
+      var args = [];
+      for (var _i = 0; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
+        args[_i] = arguments[_i];
+      }
+      return logProxy("debug", this._namespace, args);
+    };
+    DiagComponentLogger2.prototype.error = function() {
+      var args = [];
+      for (var _i = 0; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
+        args[_i] = arguments[_i];
+      }
+      return logProxy("error", this._namespace, args);
+    };
+    DiagComponentLogger2.prototype.info = function() {
+      var args = [];
+      for (var _i = 0; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
+        args[_i] = arguments[_i];
+      }
+      return logProxy("info", this._namespace, args);
+    };
+    DiagComponentLogger2.prototype.warn = function() {
+      var args = [];
+      for (var _i = 0; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
+        args[_i] = arguments[_i];
+      }
+      return logProxy("warn", this._namespace, args);
+    };
+    DiagComponentLogger2.prototype.verbose = function() {
+      var args = [];
+      for (var _i = 0; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
+        args[_i] = arguments[_i];
+      }
+      return logProxy("verbose", this._namespace, args);
+    };
+    return DiagComponentLogger2;
+  }()
+);
+function logProxy(funcName, namespace, args) {
+  var logger2 = getGlobal("diag");
+  if (!logger2) {
+    return;
+  }
+  args.unshift(namespace);
+  return logger2[funcName].apply(logger2, __spreadArray([], __read(args), false));
+}
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/diag/types.js
+var DiagLogLevel;
+(function(DiagLogLevel2) {
+  DiagLogLevel2[DiagLogLevel2["NONE"] = 0] = "NONE";
+  DiagLogLevel2[DiagLogLevel2["ERROR"] = 30] = "ERROR";
+  DiagLogLevel2[DiagLogLevel2["WARN"] = 50] = "WARN";
+  DiagLogLevel2[DiagLogLevel2["INFO"] = 60] = "INFO";
+  DiagLogLevel2[DiagLogLevel2["DEBUG"] = 70] = "DEBUG";
+  DiagLogLevel2[DiagLogLevel2["VERBOSE"] = 80] = "VERBOSE";
+  DiagLogLevel2[DiagLogLevel2["ALL"] = 9999] = "ALL";
+})(DiagLogLevel || (DiagLogLevel = {}));
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/diag/internal/logLevelLogger.js
+function createLogLevelDiagLogger(maxLevel, logger2) {
+  if (maxLevel < DiagLogLevel.NONE) {
+    maxLevel = DiagLogLevel.NONE;
+  } else if (maxLevel > DiagLogLevel.ALL) {
+    maxLevel = DiagLogLevel.ALL;
+  }
+  logger2 = logger2 || {};
+  function _filterFunc(funcName, theLevel) {
+    var theFunc = logger2[funcName];
+    if (typeof theFunc === "function" && maxLevel >= theLevel) {
+      return theFunc.bind(logger2);
+    }
+    return function() {
+    };
+  }
+  return {
+    error: _filterFunc("error", DiagLogLevel.ERROR),
+    warn: _filterFunc("warn", DiagLogLevel.WARN),
+    info: _filterFunc("info", DiagLogLevel.INFO),
+    debug: _filterFunc("debug", DiagLogLevel.DEBUG),
+    verbose: _filterFunc("verbose", DiagLogLevel.VERBOSE)
+  };
+}
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/api/diag.js
+var __read2 = function(o, n) {
+  var m = typeof Symbol === "function" && o[Symbol.iterator];
+  if (!m) return o;
+  var i = m.call(o), r, ar = [], e;
+  try {
+    while ((n === void 0 || n-- > 0) && !(r = i.next()).done) ar.push(r.value);
+  } catch (error) {
+    e = { error };
+  } finally {
+    try {
+      if (r && !r.done && (m = i["return"])) m.call(i);
+    } finally {
+      if (e) throw e.error;
+    }
+  }
+  return ar;
+};
+var __spreadArray2 = function(to, from, pack) {
+  if (pack || arguments.length === 2) for (var i = 0, l = from.length, ar; i < l; i++) {
+    if (ar || !(i in from)) {
+      if (!ar) ar = Array.prototype.slice.call(from, 0, i);
+      ar[i] = from[i];
+    }
+  }
+  return to.concat(ar || Array.prototype.slice.call(from));
+};
+var API_NAME = "diag";
+var DiagAPI = (
+  /** @class */
+  function() {
+    function DiagAPI2() {
+      function _logProxy(funcName) {
+        return function() {
+          var args = [];
+          for (var _i = 0; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
+            args[_i] = arguments[_i];
+          }
+          var logger2 = getGlobal("diag");
+          if (!logger2)
+            return;
+          return logger2[funcName].apply(logger2, __spreadArray2([], __read2(args), false));
+        };
+      }
+      var self = this;
+      var setLogger = function(logger2, optionsOrLogLevel) {
+        var _a, _b, _c;
+        if (optionsOrLogLevel === void 0) {
+          optionsOrLogLevel = { logLevel: DiagLogLevel.INFO };
+        }
+        if (logger2 === self) {
+          var err = new Error("Cannot use diag as the logger for itself. Please use a DiagLogger implementation like ConsoleDiagLogger or a custom implementation");
+          self.error((_a = err.stack) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : err.message);
+          return false;
+        }
+        if (typeof optionsOrLogLevel === "number") {
+          optionsOrLogLevel = {
+            logLevel: optionsOrLogLevel
+          };
+        }
+        var oldLogger = getGlobal("diag");
+        var newLogger = createLogLevelDiagLogger((_b = optionsOrLogLevel.logLevel) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : DiagLogLevel.INFO, logger2);
+        if (oldLogger && !optionsOrLogLevel.suppressOverrideMessage) {
+          var stack = (_c = new Error().stack) !== null && _c !== void 0 ? _c : "<failed to generate stacktrace>";
+          oldLogger.warn("Current logger will be overwritten from " + stack);
+          newLogger.warn("Current logger will overwrite one already registered from " + stack);
+        }
+        return registerGlobal("diag", newLogger, self, true);
+      };
+      self.setLogger = setLogger;
+      self.disable = function() {
+        unregisterGlobal(API_NAME, self);
+      };
+      self.createComponentLogger = function(options) {
+        return new DiagComponentLogger(options);
+      };
+      self.verbose = _logProxy("verbose");
+      self.debug = _logProxy("debug");
+      self.info = _logProxy("info");
+      self.warn = _logProxy("warn");
+      self.error = _logProxy("error");
+    }
+    DiagAPI2.instance = function() {
+      if (!this._instance) {
+        this._instance = new DiagAPI2();
+      }
+      return this._instance;
+    };
+    return DiagAPI2;
+  }()
+);
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/context/context.js
+var BaseContext = (
+  /** @class */
+  /* @__PURE__ */ function() {
+    function BaseContext2(parentContext) {
+      var self = this;
+      self._currentContext = parentContext ? new Map(parentContext) : /* @__PURE__ */ new Map();
+      self.getValue = function(key) {
+        return self._currentContext.get(key);
+      };
+      self.setValue = function(key, value) {
+        var context2 = new BaseContext2(self._currentContext);
+        context2._currentContext.set(key, value);
+        return context2;
+      };
+      self.deleteValue = function(key) {
+        var context2 = new BaseContext2(self._currentContext);
+        context2._currentContext.delete(key);
+        return context2;
+      };
+    }
+    return BaseContext2;
+  }()
+);
+var ROOT_CONTEXT = new BaseContext();
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/context/NoopContextManager.js
+var __read3 = function(o, n) {
+  var m = typeof Symbol === "function" && o[Symbol.iterator];
+  if (!m) return o;
+  var i = m.call(o), r, ar = [], e;
+  try {
+    while ((n === void 0 || n-- > 0) && !(r = i.next()).done) ar.push(r.value);
+  } catch (error) {
+    e = { error };
+  } finally {
+    try {
+      if (r && !r.done && (m = i["return"])) m.call(i);
+    } finally {
+      if (e) throw e.error;
+    }
+  }
+  return ar;
+};
+var __spreadArray3 = function(to, from, pack) {
+  if (pack || arguments.length === 2) for (var i = 0, l = from.length, ar; i < l; i++) {
+    if (ar || !(i in from)) {
+      if (!ar) ar = Array.prototype.slice.call(from, 0, i);
+      ar[i] = from[i];
+    }
+  }
+  return to.concat(ar || Array.prototype.slice.call(from));
+};
+var NoopContextManager = (
+  /** @class */
+  function() {
+    function NoopContextManager2() {
+    }
+    NoopContextManager2.prototype.active = function() {
+      return ROOT_CONTEXT;
+    };
+    NoopContextManager2.prototype.with = function(_context, fn, thisArg) {
+      var args = [];
+      for (var _i = 3; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
+        args[_i - 3] = arguments[_i];
+      }
+      return fn.call.apply(fn, __spreadArray3([thisArg], __read3(args), false));
+    };
+    NoopContextManager2.prototype.bind = function(_context, target) {
+      return target;
+    };
+    NoopContextManager2.prototype.enable = function() {
+      return this;
+    };
+    NoopContextManager2.prototype.disable = function() {
+      return this;
+    };
+    return NoopContextManager2;
+  }()
+);
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/api/context.js
+var __read4 = function(o, n) {
+  var m = typeof Symbol === "function" && o[Symbol.iterator];
+  if (!m) return o;
+  var i = m.call(o), r, ar = [], e;
+  try {
+    while ((n === void 0 || n-- > 0) && !(r = i.next()).done) ar.push(r.value);
+  } catch (error) {
+    e = { error };
+  } finally {
+    try {
+      if (r && !r.done && (m = i["return"])) m.call(i);
+    } finally {
+      if (e) throw e.error;
+    }
+  }
+  return ar;
+};
+var __spreadArray4 = function(to, from, pack) {
+  if (pack || arguments.length === 2) for (var i = 0, l = from.length, ar; i < l; i++) {
+    if (ar || !(i in from)) {
+      if (!ar) ar = Array.prototype.slice.call(from, 0, i);
+      ar[i] = from[i];
+    }
+  }
+  return to.concat(ar || Array.prototype.slice.call(from));
+};
+var API_NAME2 = "context";
+var NOOP_CONTEXT_MANAGER = new NoopContextManager();
+var ContextAPI = (
+  /** @class */
+  function() {
+    function ContextAPI2() {
+    }
+    ContextAPI2.getInstance = function() {
+      if (!this._instance) {
+        this._instance = new ContextAPI2();
+      }
+      return this._instance;
+    };
+    ContextAPI2.prototype.setGlobalContextManager = function(contextManager) {
+      return registerGlobal(API_NAME2, contextManager, DiagAPI.instance());
+    };
+    ContextAPI2.prototype.active = function() {
+      return this._getContextManager().active();
+    };
+    ContextAPI2.prototype.with = function(context2, fn, thisArg) {
+      var _a;
+      var args = [];
+      for (var _i = 3; _i < arguments.length; _i++) {
+        args[_i - 3] = arguments[_i];
+      }
+      return (_a = this._getContextManager()).with.apply(_a, __spreadArray4([context2, fn, thisArg], __read4(args), false));
+    };
+    ContextAPI2.prototype.bind = function(context2, target) {
+      return this._getContextManager().bind(context2, target);
+    };
+    ContextAPI2.prototype._getContextManager = function() {
+      return getGlobal(API_NAME2) || NOOP_CONTEXT_MANAGER;
+    };
+    ContextAPI2.prototype.disable = function() {
+      this._getContextManager().disable();
+      unregisterGlobal(API_NAME2, DiagAPI.instance());
+    };
+    return ContextAPI2;
+  }()
+);
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/trace/status.js
+var SpanStatusCode;
+(function(SpanStatusCode2) {
+  SpanStatusCode2[SpanStatusCode2["UNSET"] = 0] = "UNSET";
+  SpanStatusCode2[SpanStatusCode2["OK"] = 1] = "OK";
+  SpanStatusCode2[SpanStatusCode2["ERROR"] = 2] = "ERROR";
+})(SpanStatusCode || (SpanStatusCode = {}));
+
+// ../../node_modules/@opentelemetry/api/build/esm/context-api.js
+var context = ContextAPI.getInstance();
+
+// src/index.ts
+function getTracer(runtime) {
+  const availableServices = Array.from(runtime.getAllServices().keys());
+  logger.debug(`[getTracer] Available services: ${JSON.stringify(availableServices)}`);
+  logger.debug(`[getTracer] Attempting to get service with key: ${ServiceType.INSTRUMENTATION}`);
+  const instrumentationService = runtime.getService(
+    ServiceType.INSTRUMENTATION
+  );
+  if (!instrumentationService) {
+    logger.warn(`[getTracer] Service ${ServiceType.INSTRUMENTATION} not found in runtime.`);
+    return null;
+  }
+  if (!instrumentationService.isEnabled()) {
+    logger.debug("[getTracer] Instrumentation service found but is disabled.");
+    return null;
+  }
+  logger.debug("[getTracer] Successfully retrieved enabled instrumentation service.");
+  return instrumentationService.getTracer("eliza.llm.openai");
+}
+async function startLlmSpan(runtime, spanName, attributes, fn) {
+  const tracer = getTracer(runtime);
+  if (!tracer) {
+    const dummySpan = {
+      setAttribute: () => {
+      },
+      setAttributes: () => {
+      },
+      addEvent: () => {
+      },
+      recordException: () => {
+      },
+      setStatus: () => {
+      },
+      end: () => {
+      },
+      spanContext: () => ({ traceId: "", spanId: "", traceFlags: 0 })
+    };
+    return fn(dummySpan);
+  }
+  const activeContext = context.active();
+  return tracer.startActiveSpan(spanName, { attributes }, activeContext, async (span) => {
+    try {
+      const result = await fn(span);
+      span.setStatus({ code: SpanStatusCode.OK });
+      span.end();
+      return result;
+    } catch (error) {
+      const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+      span.recordException(error);
+      span.setStatus({ code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR, message });
+      span.end();
+      throw error;
+    }
+  });
+}
 function getSetting(runtime, key, defaultValue) {
   return runtime.getSetting(key) ?? process.env[key] ?? defaultValue;
 }
@@ -43,23 +589,109 @@ async function detokenizeText(model, tokens) {
 }
 async function generateObjectByModelType(runtime, params, modelType, getModelFn) {
   const openai = createOpenAIClient(runtime);
-  const model = getModelFn(runtime);
-  try {
-    if (params.schema) {
-      logger.info(`Using ${modelType} without schema validation`);
+  const modelName = getModelFn(runtime);
+  const temperature = params.temperature ?? 0;
+  const schemaPresent = !!params.schema;
+  const attributes = {
+    "llm.vendor": "OpenAI",
+    "llm.request.type": "object_generation",
+    "llm.request.model": modelName,
+    "llm.request.temperature": temperature,
+    "llm.request.schema_present": schemaPresent
+  };
+  return startLlmSpan(runtime, "LLM.generateObject", attributes, async (span) => {
+    span.addEvent("llm.prompt", { "prompt.content": params.prompt });
+    if (schemaPresent) {
+      span.addEvent("llm.request.schema", {
+        schema: JSON.stringify(params.schema, safeReplacer())
+      });
+      logger.info(
+        `Using ${modelType} without schema validation (schema provided but output=no-schema)`
+      );
     }
-    const { object } = await generateObject({
-      model: openai.languageModel(model),
-      output: "no-schema",
-      prompt: params.prompt,
-      temperature: params.temperature,
-      experimental_repairText: getJsonRepairFunction()
-    });
-    return object;
-  } catch (error) {
-    logger.error(`Error generating object with ${modelType}:`, error);
-    throw error;
-  }
+    try {
+      const { object, usage } = await generateObject({
+        model: openai.languageModel(modelName),
+        output: "no-schema",
+        prompt: params.prompt,
+        temperature,
+        experimental_repairText: getJsonRepairFunction()
+      });
+      span.addEvent("llm.response.processed", {
+        "response.object": JSON.stringify(object, safeReplacer())
+      });
+      if (usage) {
+        span.setAttributes({
+          "llm.usage.prompt_tokens": usage.promptTokens,
+          "llm.usage.completion_tokens": usage.completionTokens,
+          "llm.usage.total_tokens": usage.totalTokens
+        });
+        emitModelUsageEvent(runtime, modelType, params.prompt, usage);
+      }
+      return object;
+    } catch (error) {
+      if (error instanceof JSONParseError) {
+        logger.error(`[generateObject] Failed to parse JSON: ${error.message}`);
+        span.recordException(error);
+        span.addEvent("llm.error.json_parse", {
+          "error.message": error.message,
+          "error.text": error.text
+        });
+        span.addEvent("llm.repair.attempt");
+        const repairFunction = getJsonRepairFunction();
+        const repairedJsonString = await repairFunction({
+          text: error.text,
+          error
+        });
+        if (repairedJsonString) {
+          try {
+            const repairedObject = JSON.parse(repairedJsonString);
+            span.addEvent("llm.repair.success", {
+              repaired_object: JSON.stringify(repairedObject, safeReplacer())
+            });
+            logger.info("[generateObject] Successfully repaired JSON.");
+            span.setStatus({
+              code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+              message: "JSON parsing failed but was repaired"
+            });
+            return repairedObject;
+          } catch (repairParseError) {
+            const message = repairParseError instanceof Error ? repairParseError.message : String(repairParseError);
+            logger.error(`[generateObject] Failed to parse repaired JSON: ${message}`);
+            const exception = repairParseError instanceof Error ? repairParseError : new Error(message);
+            span.recordException(exception);
+            span.addEvent("llm.repair.parse_error", {
+              "error.message": message
+            });
+            span.setStatus({
+              code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+              message: `JSON repair failed: ${message}`
+            });
+            throw repairParseError;
+          }
+        } else {
+          const errMsg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+          logger.error("[generateObject] JSON repair failed.");
+          span.addEvent("llm.repair.failed");
+          span.setStatus({
+            code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+            message: `JSON repair failed: ${errMsg}`
+          });
+          throw error;
+        }
+      } else {
+        const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+        logger.error(`[generateObject] Unknown error: ${message}`);
+        const exception = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(message);
+        span.recordException(exception);
+        span.setStatus({
+          code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+          message
+        });
+        throw error;
+      }
+    }
+  });
 }
 function getJsonRepairFunction() {
   return async ({ text, error }) => {
@@ -69,12 +701,26 @@ function getJsonRepairFunction() {
         JSON.parse(cleanedText);
         return cleanedText;
       }
+      return null;
     } catch (jsonError) {
-      logger.warn("Failed to repair JSON text:", jsonError);
+      const message = jsonError instanceof Error ? jsonError.message : String(jsonError);
+      logger.warn(`Failed to repair JSON text: ${message}`);
       return null;
     }
   };
 }
+function emitModelUsageEvent(runtime, type, prompt, usage) {
+  runtime.emitEvent(EventType.MODEL_USED, {
+    provider: "openai",
+    type,
+    prompt,
+    tokens: {
+      prompt: usage.promptTokens,
+      completion: usage.completionTokens,
+      total: usage.totalTokens
+    }
+  });
+}
 async function fetchTextToSpeech(runtime, text) {
   const apiKey = getApiKey(runtime);
   const model = getSetting(runtime, "OPENAI_TTS_MODEL", "gpt-4o-mini-tts");
@@ -101,7 +747,8 @@ async function fetchTextToSpeech(runtime, text) {
     }
     return res.body;
   } catch (err) {
-    throw new Error(`Failed to fetch speech from OpenAI TTS: ${err.message || err}`);
+    const message = err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err);
+    throw new Error(`Failed to fetch speech from OpenAI TTS: ${message}`);
   }
 }
 var openaiPlugin = {
@@ -134,29 +781,35 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
           logger.warn(`OpenAI API key validation failed: ${response.statusText}`);
           logger.warn("OpenAI functionality will be limited until a valid API key is provided");
         } else {
+          logger.log("OpenAI API key validated successfully");
         }
       } catch (fetchError) {
-        logger.warn(`Error validating OpenAI API key: ${fetchError}`);
+        const message = fetchError instanceof Error ? fetchError.message : String(fetchError);
+        logger.warn(`Error validating OpenAI API key: ${message}`);
         logger.warn("OpenAI functionality will be limited until a valid API key is provided");
       }
     } catch (error) {
+      const message = error?.errors?.map((e) => e.message).join(", ") || (error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error));
       logger.warn(
-        `OpenAI plugin configuration issue: ${error.errors.map((e) => e.message).join(", ")} - You need to configure the OPENAI_API_KEY in your environment variables`
+        `OpenAI plugin configuration issue: ${message} - You need to configure the OPENAI_API_KEY in your environment variables`
       );
     }
   },
   models: {
     [ModelType.TEXT_EMBEDDING]: async (runtime, params) => {
-      const embeddingDimension = parseInt(
-        getSetting(runtime, "OPENAI_EMBEDDING_DIMENSIONS", "1536")
+      const embeddingModelName = getSetting(
+        runtime,
+        "OPENAI_EMBEDDING_MODEL",
+        "text-embedding-3-small"
+      );
+      const embeddingDimension = Number.parseInt(
+        getSetting(runtime, "OPENAI_EMBEDDING_DIMENSIONS", "1536") || "1536",
+        10
       );
       if (!Object.values(VECTOR_DIMS).includes(embeddingDimension)) {
-        logger.error(
-          `Invalid embedding dimension: ${embeddingDimension}. Must be one of: ${Object.values(VECTOR_DIMS).join(", ")}`
-        );
-        throw new Error(
-          `Invalid embedding dimension: ${embeddingDimension}. Must be one of: ${Object.values(VECTOR_DIMS).join(", ")}`
-        );
+        const errorMsg = `Invalid embedding dimension: ${embeddingDimension}. Must be one of: ${Object.values(VECTOR_DIMS).join(", ")}`;
+        logger.error(errorMsg);
+        throw new Error(errorMsg);
       }
       if (params === null) {
         logger.debug("Creating test embedding for initialization");
@@ -181,41 +834,84 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
         emptyVector[0] = 0.3;
         return emptyVector;
       }
-      try {
+      const attributes = {
+        "llm.vendor": "OpenAI",
+        "llm.request.type": "embedding",
+        "llm.request.model": embeddingModelName,
+        "llm.request.embedding.dimensions": embeddingDimension,
+        "input.text.length": text.length
+      };
+      return startLlmSpan(runtime, "LLM.embedding", attributes, async (span) => {
+        span.addEvent("llm.prompt", { "prompt.content": text });
         const baseURL = getBaseURL(runtime);
-        const response = await fetch(`${baseURL}/embeddings`, {
-          method: "POST",
-          headers: {
-            Authorization: `Bearer ${getApiKey(runtime)}`,
-            "Content-Type": "application/json"
-          },
-          body: JSON.stringify({
-            model: getSetting(runtime, "OPENAI_EMBEDDING_MODEL", "text-embedding-3-small"),
-            input: text
-          })
-        });
-        if (!response.ok) {
-          logger.error(`OpenAI API error: ${response.status} - ${response.statusText}`);
-          const errorVector = Array(embeddingDimension).fill(0);
-          errorVector[0] = 0.4;
-          return errorVector;
+        const apiKey = getApiKey(runtime);
+        if (!apiKey) {
+          span.setStatus({
+            code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+            message: "OpenAI API key not configured"
+          });
+          throw new Error("OpenAI API key not configured");
         }
-        const data = await response.json();
-        if (!data?.data?.[0]?.embedding) {
-          logger.error("API returned invalid structure");
+        try {
+          const response = await fetch(`${baseURL}/embeddings`, {
+            method: "POST",
+            headers: {
+              Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
+              "Content-Type": "application/json"
+            },
+            body: JSON.stringify({
+              model: embeddingModelName,
+              input: text
+            })
+          });
+          const responseClone = response.clone();
+          const rawResponseBody = await responseClone.text();
+          span.addEvent("llm.response.raw", {
+            "response.body": rawResponseBody
+          });
+          if (!response.ok) {
+            logger.error(`OpenAI API error: ${response.status} - ${response.statusText}`);
+            span.setAttributes({ "error.api.status": response.status });
+            span.setStatus({
+              code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+              message: `OpenAI API error: ${response.status} - ${response.statusText}. Response: ${rawResponseBody}`
+            });
+            const errorVector = Array(embeddingDimension).fill(0);
+            errorVector[0] = 0.4;
+            return errorVector;
+          }
+          const data = await response.json();
+          if (!data?.data?.[0]?.embedding) {
+            logger.error("API returned invalid structure");
+            span.setStatus({
+              code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+              message: "API returned invalid structure"
+            });
+            const errorVector = Array(embeddingDimension).fill(0);
+            errorVector[0] = 0.5;
+            return errorVector;
+          }
+          const embedding = data.data[0].embedding;
+          span.setAttribute("llm.response.embedding.vector_length", embedding.length);
+          if (data.usage) {
+            span.setAttributes({
+              "llm.usage.prompt_tokens": data.usage.prompt_tokens,
+              "llm.usage.total_tokens": data.usage.total_tokens
+            });
+          }
+          logger.log(`Got valid embedding with length ${embedding.length}`);
+          return embedding;
+        } catch (error) {
+          const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+          logger.error(`Error generating embedding: ${message}`);
+          const exception = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(message);
+          span.recordException(exception);
+          span.setStatus({ code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR, message });
           const errorVector = Array(embeddingDimension).fill(0);
-          errorVector[0] = 0.5;
+          errorVector[0] = 0.6;
           return errorVector;
         }
-        const embedding = data.data[0].embedding;
-        logger.log(`Got valid embedding with length ${embedding.length}`);
-        return embedding;
-      } catch (error) {
-        logger.error("Error generating embedding:", error);
-        const errorVector = Array(embeddingDimension).fill(0);
-        errorVector[0] = 0.6;
-        return errorVector;
-      }
+      });
     },
     [ModelType.TEXT_TOKENIZER_ENCODE]: async (_runtime, { prompt, modelType = ModelType.TEXT_LARGE }) => {
       return await tokenizeText(modelType ?? ModelType.TEXT_LARGE, prompt);
@@ -229,20 +925,45 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
       const presence_penalty = 0.7;
       const max_response_length = 8192;
       const openai = createOpenAIClient(runtime);
-      const model = getSmallModel(runtime);
+      const modelName = getSmallModel(runtime);
       logger.log("generating text");
       logger.log(prompt);
-      const { text: openaiResponse } = await generateText({
-        model: openai.languageModel(model),
-        prompt,
-        system: runtime.character.system ?? void 0,
-        temperature,
-        maxTokens: max_response_length,
-        frequencyPenalty: frequency_penalty,
-        presencePenalty: presence_penalty,
-        stopSequences
+      const attributes = {
+        "llm.vendor": "OpenAI",
+        "llm.request.type": "completion",
+        "llm.request.model": modelName,
+        "llm.request.temperature": temperature,
+        "llm.request.max_tokens": max_response_length,
+        "llm.request.frequency_penalty": frequency_penalty,
+        "llm.request.presence_penalty": presence_penalty,
+        "llm.request.stop_sequences": JSON.stringify(stopSequences)
+      };
+      return startLlmSpan(runtime, "LLM.generateText", attributes, async (span) => {
+        span.addEvent("llm.prompt", { "prompt.content": prompt });
+        const { text: openaiResponse, usage } = await generateText({
+          model: openai.languageModel(modelName),
+          prompt,
+          system: runtime.character.system ?? void 0,
+          temperature,
+          maxTokens: max_response_length,
+          frequencyPenalty: frequency_penalty,
+          presencePenalty: presence_penalty,
+          stopSequences
+        });
+        span.setAttribute("llm.response.processed.length", openaiResponse.length);
+        span.addEvent("llm.response.processed", {
+          "response.content": openaiResponse.substring(0, 200) + (openaiResponse.length > 200 ? "..." : "")
+        });
+        if (usage) {
+          span.setAttributes({
+            "llm.usage.prompt_tokens": usage.promptTokens,
+            "llm.usage.completion_tokens": usage.completionTokens,
+            "llm.usage.total_tokens": usage.totalTokens
+          });
+          emitModelUsageEvent(runtime, ModelType.TEXT_SMALL, prompt, usage);
+        }
+        return openaiResponse;
       });
-      return openaiResponse;
     },
     [ModelType.TEXT_LARGE]: async (runtime, {
       prompt,
@@ -253,134 +974,316 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
       presencePenalty = 0.7
     }) => {
       const openai = createOpenAIClient(runtime);
-      const model = getLargeModel(runtime);
-      const { text: openaiResponse } = await generateText({
-        model: openai.languageModel(model),
-        prompt,
-        system: runtime.character.system ?? void 0,
-        temperature,
-        maxTokens,
-        frequencyPenalty,
-        presencePenalty,
-        stopSequences
+      const modelName = getLargeModel(runtime);
+      logger.log("generating text");
+      logger.log(prompt);
+      const attributes = {
+        "llm.vendor": "OpenAI",
+        "llm.request.type": "completion",
+        "llm.request.model": modelName,
+        "llm.request.temperature": temperature,
+        "llm.request.max_tokens": maxTokens,
+        "llm.request.frequency_penalty": frequencyPenalty,
+        "llm.request.presence_penalty": presencePenalty,
+        "llm.request.stop_sequences": JSON.stringify(stopSequences)
+      };
+      return startLlmSpan(runtime, "LLM.generateText", attributes, async (span) => {
+        span.addEvent("llm.prompt", { "prompt.content": prompt });
+        const { text: openaiResponse, usage } = await generateText({
+          model: openai.languageModel(modelName),
+          prompt,
+          system: runtime.character.system ?? void 0,
+          temperature,
+          maxTokens,
+          frequencyPenalty,
+          presencePenalty,
+          stopSequences
+        });
+        span.setAttribute("llm.response.processed.length", openaiResponse.length);
+        span.addEvent("llm.response.processed", {
+          "response.content": openaiResponse.substring(0, 200) + (openaiResponse.length > 200 ? "..." : "")
+        });
+        if (usage) {
+          span.setAttributes({
+            "llm.usage.prompt_tokens": usage.promptTokens,
+            "llm.usage.completion_tokens": usage.completionTokens,
+            "llm.usage.total_tokens": usage.totalTokens
+          });
+          emitModelUsageEvent(runtime, ModelType.TEXT_LARGE, prompt, usage);
+        }
+        return openaiResponse;
       });
-      return openaiResponse;
     },
     [ModelType.IMAGE]: async (runtime, params) => {
-      const baseURL = getBaseURL(runtime);
-      const response = await fetch(`${baseURL}/images/generations`, {
-        method: "POST",
-        headers: {
-          Authorization: `Bearer ${getApiKey(runtime)}`,
-          "Content-Type": "application/json"
-        },
-        body: JSON.stringify({
-          prompt: params.prompt,
-          n: params.n || 1,
-          size: params.size || "1024x1024"
-        })
+      const n = params.n || 1;
+      const size = params.size || "1024x1024";
+      const prompt = params.prompt;
+      const attributes = {
+        "llm.vendor": "OpenAI",
+        "llm.request.type": "image_generation",
+        "llm.request.image.size": size,
+        "llm.request.image.count": n
+      };
+      return startLlmSpan(runtime, "LLM.imageGeneration", attributes, async (span) => {
+        span.addEvent("llm.prompt", { "prompt.content": prompt });
+        const baseURL = getBaseURL(runtime);
+        const apiKey = getApiKey(runtime);
+        if (!apiKey) {
+          span.setStatus({
+            code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+            message: "OpenAI API key not configured"
+          });
+          throw new Error("OpenAI API key not configured");
+        }
+        try {
+          const response = await fetch(`${baseURL}/images/generations`, {
+            method: "POST",
+            headers: {
+              Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
+              "Content-Type": "application/json"
+            },
+            body: JSON.stringify({
+              prompt,
+              n,
+              size
+            })
+          });
+          const responseClone = response.clone();
+          const rawResponseBody = await responseClone.text();
+          span.addEvent("llm.response.raw", {
+            "response.body": rawResponseBody
+          });
+          if (!response.ok) {
+            span.setAttributes({ "error.api.status": response.status });
+            span.setStatus({
+              code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+              message: `Failed to generate image: ${response.statusText}. Response: ${rawResponseBody}`
+            });
+            throw new Error(`Failed to generate image: ${response.statusText}`);
+          }
+          const data = await response.json();
+          const typedData = data;
+          span.addEvent("llm.response.processed", {
+            "response.urls": JSON.stringify(typedData.data)
+          });
+          return typedData.data;
+        } catch (error) {
+          const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+          const exception = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(message);
+          span.recordException(exception);
+          span.setStatus({ code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR, message });
+          throw error;
+        }
       });
-      if (!response.ok) {
-        throw new Error(`Failed to generate image: ${response.statusText}`);
-      }
-      const data = await response.json();
-      const typedData = data;
-      return typedData.data;
     },
     [ModelType.IMAGE_DESCRIPTION]: async (runtime, params) => {
       let imageUrl;
-      let prompt;
+      let promptText;
+      const modelName = "gpt-4o-mini";
+      const maxTokens = 300;
       if (typeof params === "string") {
         imageUrl = params;
-        prompt = void 0;
+        promptText = "Please analyze this image and provide a title and detailed description.";
       } else {
         imageUrl = params.imageUrl;
-        prompt = params.prompt;
+        promptText = params.prompt || "Please analyze this image and provide a title and detailed description.";
       }
-      try {
+      const attributes = {
+        "llm.vendor": "OpenAI",
+        "llm.request.type": "chat",
+        "llm.request.model": modelName,
+        "llm.request.max_tokens": maxTokens,
+        "llm.request.image.url": imageUrl
+      };
+      const messages = [
+        {
+          role: "user",
+          content: [
+            { type: "text", text: promptText },
+            { type: "image_url", image_url: { url: imageUrl } }
+          ]
+        }
+      ];
+      return startLlmSpan(runtime, "LLM.imageDescription", attributes, async (span) => {
+        span.addEvent("llm.prompt", {
+          "prompt.content": JSON.stringify(messages, safeReplacer())
+        });
         const baseURL = getBaseURL(runtime);
         const apiKey = getApiKey(runtime);
         if (!apiKey) {
           logger.error("OpenAI API key not set");
+          span.setStatus({
+            code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+            message: "OpenAI API key not configured"
+          });
           return {
             title: "Failed to analyze image",
             description: "API key not configured"
           };
         }
-        const response = await fetch(`${baseURL}/chat/completions`, {
-          method: "POST",
-          headers: {
-            "Content-Type": "application/json",
-            Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`
-          },
-          body: JSON.stringify({
-            model: "gpt-4o-mini",
-            messages: [
-              {
-                role: "user",
-                content: [
-                  {
-                    type: "text",
-                    text: prompt || "Please analyze this image and provide a title and detailed description."
-                  },
-                  {
-                    type: "image_url",
-                    image_url: { url: imageUrl }
-                  }
-                ]
-              }
-            ],
-            max_tokens: 300
-          })
-        });
-        if (!response.ok) {
-          throw new Error(`OpenAI API error: ${response.status}`);
-        }
-        const result = await response.json();
-        const content = result.choices?.[0]?.message?.content;
-        if (!content) {
+        try {
+          const response = await fetch(`${baseURL}/chat/completions`, {
+            method: "POST",
+            headers: {
+              "Content-Type": "application/json",
+              Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`
+            },
+            body: JSON.stringify({
+              model: modelName,
+              messages,
+              max_tokens: maxTokens
+            })
+          });
+          const responseClone = response.clone();
+          const rawResponseBody = await responseClone.text();
+          span.addEvent("llm.response.raw", {
+            "response.body": rawResponseBody
+          });
+          if (!response.ok) {
+            span.setAttributes({ "error.api.status": response.status });
+            span.setStatus({
+              code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+              message: `OpenAI API error: ${response.status}. Response: ${rawResponseBody}`
+            });
+            throw new Error(`OpenAI API error: ${response.status}`);
+          }
+          const result = await response.json();
+          const typedResult = result;
+          const content = typedResult.choices?.[0]?.message?.content;
+          if (typedResult.usage) {
+            span.setAttributes({
+              "llm.usage.prompt_tokens": typedResult.usage.prompt_tokens,
+              "llm.usage.completion_tokens": typedResult.usage.completion_tokens,
+              "llm.usage.total_tokens": typedResult.usage.total_tokens
+            });
+          }
+          if (typedResult.choices?.[0]?.finish_reason) {
+            span.setAttribute("llm.response.finish_reason", typedResult.choices[0].finish_reason);
+          }
+          if (!content) {
+            span.setStatus({
+              code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+              message: "No content in API response"
+            });
+            return {
+              title: "Failed to analyze image",
+              description: "No response from API"
+            };
+          }
+          const titleMatch = content.match(/title[:\s]+(.+?)(?:\n|$)/i);
+          const title = titleMatch?.[1]?.trim() || "Image Analysis";
+          const description = content.replace(/title[:\s]+(.+?)(?:\n|$)/i, "").trim();
+          const processedResult = { title, description };
+          span.addEvent("llm.response.processed", {
+            "response.object": JSON.stringify(processedResult, safeReplacer())
+          });
+          return processedResult;
+        } catch (error) {
+          const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+          logger.error(`Error analyzing image: ${message}`);
+          const exception = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(message);
+          span.recordException(exception);
+          span.setStatus({ code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR, message });
           return {
             title: "Failed to analyze image",
-            description: "No response from API"
+            description: `Error: ${message}`
           };
         }
-        const titleMatch = content.match(/title[:\s]+(.+?)(?:\n|$)/i);
-        const title = titleMatch?.[1] || "Image Analysis";
-        const description = content.replace(/title[:\s]+(.+?)(?:\n|$)/i, "").trim();
-        return { title, description };
-      } catch (error) {
-        logger.error("Error analyzing image:", error);
-        return {
-          title: "Failed to analyze image",
-          description: `Error: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`
-        };
-      }
+      });
     },
     [ModelType.TRANSCRIPTION]: async (runtime, audioBuffer) => {
       logger.log("audioBuffer", audioBuffer);
-      const baseURL = getBaseURL(runtime);
-      const formData = new FormData();
-      formData.append("file", audioBuffer, {
-        filename: "recording.mp3",
-        contentType: "audio/mp3"
-      });
-      formData.append("model", "whisper-1");
-      const response = await fetch(`${baseURL}/audio/transcriptions`, {
-        method: "POST",
-        headers: {
-          Authorization: `Bearer ${getApiKey(runtime)}`
-        },
-        body: formData
+      const modelName = "whisper-1";
+      const attributes = {
+        "llm.vendor": "OpenAI",
+        "llm.request.type": "transcription",
+        "llm.request.model": modelName,
+        "llm.request.audio.input_size_bytes": audioBuffer?.length || 0
+      };
+      return startLlmSpan(runtime, "LLM.transcription", attributes, async (span) => {
+        span.addEvent("llm.prompt", {
+          "prompt.info": "Audio buffer for transcription"
+        });
+        const baseURL = getBaseURL(runtime);
+        const apiKey = getApiKey(runtime);
+        if (!apiKey) {
+          span.setStatus({
+            code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+            message: "OpenAI API key not configured"
+          });
+          throw new Error("OpenAI API key not configured - Cannot make request");
+        }
+        if (!audioBuffer || audioBuffer.length === 0) {
+          span.setStatus({
+            code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+            message: "Audio buffer is empty or invalid"
+          });
+          throw new Error("Audio buffer is empty or invalid for transcription");
+        }
+        const formData = new FormData();
+        formData.append("file", new Blob([audioBuffer]), "recording.mp3");
+        formData.append("model", "whisper-1");
+        try {
+          const response = await fetch(`${baseURL}/audio/transcriptions`, {
+            method: "POST",
+            headers: {
+              Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`
+            },
+            body: formData
+          });
+          const responseClone = response.clone();
+          const rawResponseBody = await responseClone.text();
+          span.addEvent("llm.response.raw", {
+            "response.body": rawResponseBody
+          });
+          logger.log("response", response);
+          if (!response.ok) {
+            span.setAttributes({ "error.api.status": response.status });
+            span.setStatus({
+              code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR,
+              message: `Failed to transcribe audio: ${response.statusText}. Response: ${rawResponseBody}`
+            });
+            throw new Error(`Failed to transcribe audio: ${response.statusText}`);
+          }
+          const data = await response.json();
+          const processedText = data.text;
+          span.setAttribute("llm.response.processed.length", processedText.length);
+          span.addEvent("llm.response.processed", {
+            "response.text": processedText
+          });
+          return processedText;
+        } catch (error) {
+          const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+          const exception = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(message);
+          span.recordException(exception);
+          span.setStatus({ code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR, message });
+          throw error;
+        }
       });
-      logger.log("response", response);
-      if (!response.ok) {
-        throw new Error(`Failed to transcribe audio: ${response.statusText}`);
-      }
-      const data = await response.json();
-      return data.text;
     },
     [ModelType.TEXT_TO_SPEECH]: async (runtime, text) => {
-      return await fetchTextToSpeech(runtime, text);
+      const attributes = {
+        "llm.vendor": "OpenAI",
+        "llm.request.type": "tts",
+        "llm.request.model": getSetting(runtime, "OPENAI_TTS_MODEL", "gpt-4o-mini-tts"),
+        "input.text.length": text.length
+      };
+      return startLlmSpan(runtime, "LLM.tts", attributes, async (span) => {
+        span.addEvent("llm.prompt", { "prompt.content": text });
+        try {
+          const speechStream = await fetchTextToSpeech(runtime, text);
+          span.addEvent("llm.response.success", {
+            info: "Speech stream generated"
+          });
+          return speechStream;
+        } catch (error) {
+          const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+          const exception = error instanceof Error ? error : new Error(message);
+          span.recordException(exception);
+          span.setStatus({ code: SpanStatusCode.ERROR, message });
+          throw error;
+        }
+      });
     },
     [ModelType.OBJECT_SMALL]: async (runtime, params) => {
       return generateObjectByModelType(runtime, params, ModelType.OBJECT_SMALL, getSmallModel);
@@ -403,7 +1306,7 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
               }
             });
             const data = await response.json();
-            logger.log("Models Available:", data?.data.length);
+            logger.log("Models Available:", data?.data?.length ?? "N/A");
             if (!response.ok) {
               throw new Error(`Failed to validate OpenAI API key: ${response.statusText}`);
             }
@@ -418,7 +1321,8 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
               });
               logger.log("embedding", embedding);
             } catch (error) {
-              logger.error("Error in test_text_embedding:", error);
+              const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+              logger.error(`Error in test_text_embedding: ${message}`);
               throw error;
             }
           }
@@ -435,7 +1339,8 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
               }
               logger.log("generated with test_text_large:", text);
             } catch (error) {
-              logger.error("Error in test_text_large:", error);
+              const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+              logger.error(`Error in test_text_large: ${message}`);
               throw error;
             }
           }
@@ -452,7 +1357,8 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
               }
               logger.log("generated with test_text_small:", text);
             } catch (error) {
-              logger.error("Error in test_text_small:", error);
+              const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+              logger.error(`Error in test_text_small: ${message}`);
               throw error;
             }
           }
@@ -469,7 +1375,8 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
               });
               logger.log("generated with test_image_generation:", image);
             } catch (error) {
-              logger.error("Error in test_image_generation:", error);
+              const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+              logger.error(`Error in test_image_generation: ${message}`);
               throw error;
             }
           }
@@ -490,10 +1397,12 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
                   logger.error("Invalid image description result format:", result);
                 }
               } catch (e) {
-                logger.error("Error in image description test:", e);
+                const message = e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e);
+                logger.error(`Error in image description test: ${message}`);
               }
             } catch (e) {
-              logger.error("Error in openai_test_image_description:", e);
+              const message = e instanceof Error ? e.message : String(e);
+              logger.error(`Error in openai_test_image_description: ${message}`);
             }
           }
         },
@@ -512,7 +1421,8 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
               );
               logger.log("generated with test_transcription:", transcription);
             } catch (error) {
-              logger.error("Error in test_transcription:", error);
+              const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+              logger.error(`Error in test_transcription: ${message}`);
               throw error;
             }
           }
@@ -553,7 +1463,8 @@ var openaiPlugin = {
               }
               logger.log("Generated speech successfully");
             } catch (error) {
-              logger.error("Error in openai_test_text_to_speech:", error);
+              const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+              logger.error(`Error in openai_test_text_to_speech: ${message}`);
               throw error;
             }
           }