@electerm/ssh2 0.8.11 → 1.5.0

package/lib/protocol/keyParser.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1481 @@
+// TODO:
+//    * utilize `crypto.create(Private|Public)Key()` and `keyObject.export()`
+//    * handle multi-line header values (OpenSSH)?
+//    * more thorough validation?
+'use strict';
+
+const {
+  createDecipheriv,
+  createECDH,
+  createHash,
+  createHmac,
+  createSign,
+  createVerify,
+  getCiphers,
+  sign: sign_,
+  verify: verify_,
+} = require('crypto');
+const supportedOpenSSLCiphers = getCiphers();
+
+const { Ber } = require('asn1');
+const bcrypt_pbkdf = require('bcrypt-pbkdf').pbkdf;
+
+const { CIPHER_INFO } = require('./crypto.js');
+const { eddsaSupported, SUPPORTED_CIPHER } = require('./constants.js');
+const {
+  bufferSlice,
+  makeBufferParser,
+  readString,
+  readUInt32BE,
+  writeUInt32BE,
+} = require('./utils.js');
+
+const SYM_HASH_ALGO = Symbol('Hash Algorithm');
+const SYM_PRIV_PEM = Symbol('Private key PEM');
+const SYM_PUB_PEM = Symbol('Public key PEM');
+const SYM_PUB_SSH = Symbol('Public key SSH');
+const SYM_DECRYPTED = Symbol('Decrypted Key');
+
+// Create OpenSSL cipher name -> SSH cipher name conversion table
+const CIPHER_INFO_OPENSSL = Object.create(null);
+{
+  const keys = Object.keys(CIPHER_INFO);
+  for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; ++i) {
+    const cipherName = CIPHER_INFO[keys[i]].sslName;
+    if (!cipherName || CIPHER_INFO_OPENSSL[cipherName])
+      continue;
+    CIPHER_INFO_OPENSSL[cipherName] = CIPHER_INFO[keys[i]];
+  }
+}
+
+const binaryKeyParser = makeBufferParser();
+
+function makePEM(type, data) {
+  data = data.base64Slice(0, data.length);
+  let formatted = data.replace(/.{64}/g, '$&\n');
+  if (data.length & 63)
+    formatted += '\n';
+  return `-----BEGIN ${type} KEY-----\n${formatted}-----END ${type} KEY-----`;
+}
+
+function combineBuffers(buf1, buf2) {
+  const result = Buffer.allocUnsafe(buf1.length + buf2.length);
+  result.set(buf1, 0);
+  result.set(buf2, buf1.length);
+  return result;
+}
+
+function skipFields(buf, nfields) {
+  const bufLen = buf.length;
+  let pos = (buf._pos || 0);
+  for (let i = 0; i < nfields; ++i) {
+    const left = (bufLen - pos);
+    if (pos >= bufLen || left < 4)
+      return false;
+    const len = readUInt32BE(buf, pos);
+    if (left < 4 + len)
+      return false;
+    pos += 4 + len;
+  }
+  buf._pos = pos;
+  return true;
+}
+
+function genOpenSSLRSAPub(n, e) {
+  const asnWriter = new Ber.Writer();
+  asnWriter.startSequence();
+    // algorithm
+    asnWriter.startSequence();
+      asnWriter.writeOID('1.2.840.113549.1.1.1'); // rsaEncryption
+      // algorithm parameters (RSA has none)
+      asnWriter.writeNull();
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+
+    // subjectPublicKey
+    asnWriter.startSequence(Ber.BitString);
+      asnWriter.writeByte(0x00);
+      asnWriter.startSequence();
+        asnWriter.writeBuffer(n, Ber.Integer);
+        asnWriter.writeBuffer(e, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.endSequence();
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+  asnWriter.endSequence();
+  return makePEM('PUBLIC', asnWriter.buffer);
+}
+
+function genOpenSSHRSAPub(n, e) {
+  const publicKey = Buffer.allocUnsafe(4 + 7 + 4 + e.length + 4 + n.length);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, 7, 0);
+  publicKey.utf8Write('ssh-rsa', 4, 7);
+
+  let i = 4 + 7;
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, e.length, i);
+  publicKey.set(e, i += 4);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, n.length, i += e.length);
+  publicKey.set(n, i + 4);
+
+  return publicKey;
+}
+
+const genOpenSSLRSAPriv = (() => {
+  function genRSAASN1Buf(n, e, d, p, q, dmp1, dmq1, iqmp) {
+    const asnWriter = new Ber.Writer();
+    asnWriter.startSequence();
+      asnWriter.writeInt(0x00, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(n, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(e, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(d, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(p, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(q, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(dmp1, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(dmq1, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(iqmp, Ber.Integer);
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+    return asnWriter.buffer;
+  }
+
+  function bigIntFromBuffer(buf) {
+    return BigInt(`0x${buf.hexSlice(0, buf.length)}`);
+  }
+
+  function bigIntToBuffer(bn) {
+    let hex = bn.toString(16);
+    if ((hex.length & 1) !== 0) {
+      hex = `0${hex}`;
+    } else {
+      const sigbit = hex.charCodeAt(0);
+      // BER/DER integers require leading zero byte to denote a positive value
+      // when first byte >= 0x80
+      if (sigbit === 56/* '8' */
+          || sigbit === 57/* '9' */
+          || (sigbit >= 97/* 'a' */ && sigbit <= 102/* 'f' */)) {
+        hex = `00${hex}`;
+      }
+    }
+    return Buffer.from(hex, 'hex');
+  }
+
+  return function genOpenSSLRSAPriv(n, e, d, iqmp, p, q) {
+    const bn_d = bigIntFromBuffer(d);
+    const dmp1 = bigIntToBuffer(bn_d % (bigIntFromBuffer(p) - 1n));
+    const dmq1 = bigIntToBuffer(bn_d % (bigIntFromBuffer(q) - 1n));
+    return makePEM('RSA PRIVATE',
+                   genRSAASN1Buf(n, e, d, p, q, dmp1, dmq1, iqmp));
+  };
+})();
+
+function genOpenSSLDSAPub(p, q, g, y) {
+  const asnWriter = new Ber.Writer();
+  asnWriter.startSequence();
+    // algorithm
+    asnWriter.startSequence();
+      asnWriter.writeOID('1.2.840.10040.4.1'); // id-dsa
+      // algorithm parameters
+      asnWriter.startSequence();
+        asnWriter.writeBuffer(p, Ber.Integer);
+        asnWriter.writeBuffer(q, Ber.Integer);
+        asnWriter.writeBuffer(g, Ber.Integer);
+      asnWriter.endSequence();
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+
+    // subjectPublicKey
+    asnWriter.startSequence(Ber.BitString);
+      asnWriter.writeByte(0x00);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(y, Ber.Integer);
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+  asnWriter.endSequence();
+  return makePEM('PUBLIC', asnWriter.buffer);
+}
+
+function genOpenSSHDSAPub(p, q, g, y) {
+  const publicKey = Buffer.allocUnsafe(
+    4 + 7 + 4 + p.length + 4 + q.length + 4 + g.length + 4 + y.length
+  );
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, 7, 0);
+  publicKey.utf8Write('ssh-dss', 4, 7);
+
+  let i = 4 + 7;
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, p.length, i);
+  publicKey.set(p, i += 4);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, q.length, i += p.length);
+  publicKey.set(q, i += 4);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, g.length, i += q.length);
+  publicKey.set(g, i += 4);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, y.length, i += g.length);
+  publicKey.set(y, i + 4);
+
+  return publicKey;
+}
+
+function genOpenSSLDSAPriv(p, q, g, y, x) {
+  const asnWriter = new Ber.Writer();
+  asnWriter.startSequence();
+    asnWriter.writeInt(0x00, Ber.Integer);
+    asnWriter.writeBuffer(p, Ber.Integer);
+    asnWriter.writeBuffer(q, Ber.Integer);
+    asnWriter.writeBuffer(g, Ber.Integer);
+    asnWriter.writeBuffer(y, Ber.Integer);
+    asnWriter.writeBuffer(x, Ber.Integer);
+  asnWriter.endSequence();
+  return makePEM('DSA PRIVATE', asnWriter.buffer);
+}
+
+function genOpenSSLEdPub(pub) {
+  const asnWriter = new Ber.Writer();
+  asnWriter.startSequence();
+    // algorithm
+    asnWriter.startSequence();
+      asnWriter.writeOID('1.3.101.112'); // id-Ed25519
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+
+    // PublicKey
+    asnWriter.startSequence(Ber.BitString);
+      asnWriter.writeByte(0x00);
+      // XXX: hack to write a raw buffer without a tag -- yuck
+      asnWriter._ensure(pub.length);
+      asnWriter._buf.set(pub, asnWriter._offset);
+      asnWriter._offset += pub.length;
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+  asnWriter.endSequence();
+  return makePEM('PUBLIC', asnWriter.buffer);
+}
+
+function genOpenSSHEdPub(pub) {
+  const publicKey = Buffer.allocUnsafe(4 + 11 + 4 + pub.length);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, 11, 0);
+  publicKey.utf8Write('ssh-ed25519', 4, 11);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, pub.length, 15);
+  publicKey.set(pub, 19);
+
+  return publicKey;
+}
+
+function genOpenSSLEdPriv(priv) {
+  const asnWriter = new Ber.Writer();
+  asnWriter.startSequence();
+    // version
+    asnWriter.writeInt(0x00, Ber.Integer);
+
+    // algorithm
+    asnWriter.startSequence();
+      asnWriter.writeOID('1.3.101.112'); // id-Ed25519
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+
+    // PrivateKey
+    asnWriter.startSequence(Ber.OctetString);
+      asnWriter.writeBuffer(priv, Ber.OctetString);
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+  asnWriter.endSequence();
+  return makePEM('PRIVATE', asnWriter.buffer);
+}
+
+function genOpenSSLECDSAPub(oid, Q) {
+  const asnWriter = new Ber.Writer();
+  asnWriter.startSequence();
+    // algorithm
+    asnWriter.startSequence();
+      asnWriter.writeOID('1.2.840.10045.2.1'); // id-ecPublicKey
+      // algorithm parameters (namedCurve)
+      asnWriter.writeOID(oid);
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+
+    // subjectPublicKey
+    asnWriter.startSequence(Ber.BitString);
+      asnWriter.writeByte(0x00);
+      // XXX: hack to write a raw buffer without a tag -- yuck
+      asnWriter._ensure(Q.length);
+      asnWriter._buf.set(Q, asnWriter._offset);
+      asnWriter._offset += Q.length;
+      // end hack
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+  asnWriter.endSequence();
+  return makePEM('PUBLIC', asnWriter.buffer);
+}
+
+function genOpenSSHECDSAPub(oid, Q) {
+  let curveName;
+  switch (oid) {
+    case '1.2.840.10045.3.1.7':
+      // prime256v1/secp256r1
+      curveName = 'nistp256';
+      break;
+    case '1.3.132.0.34':
+      // secp384r1
+      curveName = 'nistp384';
+      break;
+    case '1.3.132.0.35':
+      // secp521r1
+      curveName = 'nistp521';
+      break;
+    default:
+      return;
+  }
+
+  const publicKey = Buffer.allocUnsafe(4 + 19 + 4 + 8 + 4 + Q.length);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, 19, 0);
+  publicKey.utf8Write(`ecdsa-sha2-${curveName}`, 4, 19);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, 8, 23);
+  publicKey.utf8Write(curveName, 27, 8);
+
+  writeUInt32BE(publicKey, Q.length, 35);
+  publicKey.set(Q, 39);
+
+  return publicKey;
+}
+
+function genOpenSSLECDSAPriv(oid, pub, priv) {
+  const asnWriter = new Ber.Writer();
+  asnWriter.startSequence();
+    // version
+    asnWriter.writeInt(0x01, Ber.Integer);
+    // privateKey
+    asnWriter.writeBuffer(priv, Ber.OctetString);
+    // parameters (optional)
+    asnWriter.startSequence(0xA0);
+      asnWriter.writeOID(oid);
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+    // publicKey (optional)
+    asnWriter.startSequence(0xA1);
+      asnWriter.startSequence(Ber.BitString);
+        asnWriter.writeByte(0x00);
+        // XXX: hack to write a raw buffer without a tag -- yuck
+        asnWriter._ensure(pub.length);
+        asnWriter._buf.set(pub, asnWriter._offset);
+        asnWriter._offset += pub.length;
+        // end hack
+      asnWriter.endSequence();
+    asnWriter.endSequence();
+  asnWriter.endSequence();
+  return makePEM('EC PRIVATE', asnWriter.buffer);
+}
+
+function genOpenSSLECDSAPubFromPriv(curveName, priv) {
+  const tempECDH = createECDH(curveName);
+  tempECDH.setPrivateKey(priv);
+  return tempECDH.getPublicKey();
+}
+
+const BaseKey = {
+  sign: (() => {
+    if (typeof sign_ === 'function') {
+      return function sign(data, algo) {
+        const pem = this[SYM_PRIV_PEM];
+        if (pem === null)
+          return new Error('No private key available');
+        if (!algo || typeof algo !== 'string')
+          algo = this[SYM_HASH_ALGO];
+        try {
+          return sign_(algo, data, pem);
+        } catch (ex) {
+          return ex;
+        }
+      };
+    }
+    return function sign(data, algo) {
+      const pem = this[SYM_PRIV_PEM];
+      if (pem === null)
+        return new Error('No private key available');
+      if (!algo || typeof algo !== 'string')
+        algo = this[SYM_HASH_ALGO];
+      const signature = createSign(algo);
+      signature.update(data);
+      try {
+        return signature.sign(pem);
+      } catch (ex) {
+        return ex;
+      }
+    };
+  })(),
+  verify: (() => {
+    if (typeof verify_ === 'function') {
+      return function verify(data, signature, algo) {
+        const pem = this[SYM_PUB_PEM];
+        if (pem === null)
+          return new Error('No public key available');
+        if (!algo || typeof algo !== 'string')
+          algo = this[SYM_HASH_ALGO];
+        try {
+          return verify_(algo, data, pem, signature);
+        } catch (ex) {
+          return ex;
+        }
+      };
+    }
+    return function verify(data, signature, algo) {
+      const pem = this[SYM_PUB_PEM];
+      if (pem === null)
+        return new Error('No public key available');
+      if (!algo || typeof algo !== 'string')
+        algo = this[SYM_HASH_ALGO];
+      const verifier = createVerify(algo);
+      verifier.update(data);
+      try {
+        return verifier.verify(pem, signature);
+      } catch (ex) {
+        return ex;
+      }
+    };
+  })(),
+  isPrivateKey: function isPrivateKey() {
+    return (this[SYM_PRIV_PEM] !== null);
+  },
+  getPrivatePEM: function getPrivatePEM() {
+    return this[SYM_PRIV_PEM];
+  },
+  getPublicPEM: function getPublicPEM() {
+    return this[SYM_PUB_PEM];
+  },
+  getPublicSSH: function getPublicSSH() {
+    return this[SYM_PUB_SSH];
+  },
+  equals: function equals(key) {
+    const parsed = parseKey(key);
+    if (parsed instanceof Error)
+      return false;
+    return (
+      this.type === parsed.type
+      && this[SYM_PRIV_PEM] === parsed[SYM_PRIV_PEM]
+      && this[SYM_PUB_PEM] === parsed[SYM_PUB_PEM]
+      && this[SYM_PUB_SSH] === parsed[SYM_PUB_SSH]
+    );
+  },
+};
+
+
+function OpenSSH_Private(type, comment, privPEM, pubPEM, pubSSH, algo,
+                         decrypted) {
+  this.type = type;
+  this.comment = comment;
+  this[SYM_PRIV_PEM] = privPEM;
+  this[SYM_PUB_PEM] = pubPEM;
+  this[SYM_PUB_SSH] = pubSSH;
+  this[SYM_HASH_ALGO] = algo;
+  this[SYM_DECRYPTED] = decrypted;
+}
+OpenSSH_Private.prototype = BaseKey;
+{
+  const regexp = /^-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----(?:\r\n|\n)([\s\S]+)(?:\r\n|\n)-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----$/;
+  OpenSSH_Private.parse = (str, passphrase) => {
+    const m = regexp.exec(str);
+    if (m === null)
+      return null;
+    let ret;
+    const data = Buffer.from(m[1], 'base64');
+    if (data.length < 31) // magic (+ magic null term.) + minimum field lengths
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    const magic = data.utf8Slice(0, 15);
+    if (magic !== 'openssh-key-v1\0')
+      return new Error(`Unsupported OpenSSH key magic: ${magic}`);
+
+    const cipherName = readString(data, 15, true);
+    if (cipherName === undefined)
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    if (cipherName !== 'none' && SUPPORTED_CIPHER.indexOf(cipherName) === -1)
+      return new Error(`Unsupported cipher for OpenSSH key: ${cipherName}`);
+
+    const kdfName = readString(data, data._pos, true);
+    if (kdfName === undefined)
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    if (kdfName !== 'none') {
+      if (cipherName === 'none')
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+      if (kdfName !== 'bcrypt')
+        return new Error(`Unsupported kdf name for OpenSSH key: ${kdfName}`);
+      if (!passphrase) {
+        return new Error(
+          'Encrypted private OpenSSH key detected, but no passphrase given'
+        );
+      }
+    } else if (cipherName !== 'none') {
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    }
+
+    let encInfo;
+    let cipherKey;
+    let cipherIV;
+    if (cipherName !== 'none')
+      encInfo = CIPHER_INFO[cipherName];
+    const kdfOptions = readString(data, data._pos);
+    if (kdfOptions === undefined)
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    if (kdfOptions.length) {
+      switch (kdfName) {
+        case 'none':
+          return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+        case 'bcrypt':
+          /*
+            string salt
+            uint32 rounds
+          */
+          const salt = readString(kdfOptions, 0);
+          if (salt === undefined || kdfOptions._pos + 4 > kdfOptions.length)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const rounds = readUInt32BE(kdfOptions, kdfOptions._pos);
+          const gen = Buffer.allocUnsafe(encInfo.keyLen + encInfo.ivLen);
+          const r = bcrypt_pbkdf(passphrase,
+                                 passphrase.length,
+                                 salt,
+                                 salt.length,
+                                 gen,
+                                 gen.length,
+                                 rounds);
+          if (r !== 0)
+            return new Error('Failed to generate information to decrypt key');
+          cipherKey = bufferSlice(gen, 0, encInfo.keyLen);
+          cipherIV = bufferSlice(gen, encInfo.keyLen, gen.length);
+          break;
+      }
+    } else if (kdfName !== 'none') {
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    }
+
+    if (data._pos + 3 >= data.length)
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    const keyCount = readUInt32BE(data, data._pos);
+    data._pos += 4;
+
+    if (keyCount > 0) {
+      // TODO: place sensible limit on max `keyCount`
+
+      // Read public keys first
+      for (let i = 0; i < keyCount; ++i) {
+        const pubData = readString(data, data._pos);
+        if (pubData === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+        const type = readString(pubData, 0, true);
+        if (type === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+      }
+
+      let privBlob = readString(data, data._pos);
+      if (privBlob === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+
+      if (cipherKey !== undefined) {
+        // Encrypted private key(s)
+        if (privBlob.length < encInfo.blockLen
+            || (privBlob.length % encInfo.blockLen) !== 0) {
+          return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+        }
+        try {
+          const options = { authTagLength: encInfo.authLen };
+          const decipher = createDecipheriv(encInfo.sslName,
+                                            cipherKey,
+                                            cipherIV,
+                                            options);
+          if (encInfo.authLen > 0) {
+            if (data.length - data._pos < encInfo.authLen)
+              return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+            decipher.setAuthTag(
+              bufferSlice(data, data._pos, data._pos += encInfo.authLen)
+            );
+          }
+          privBlob = combineBuffers(decipher.update(privBlob),
+                                    decipher.final());
+        } catch (ex) {
+          return ex;
+        }
+      }
+      // Nothing should we follow the private key(s), except a possible
+      // authentication tag for relevant ciphers
+      if (data._pos !== data.length)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+
+      ret = parseOpenSSHPrivKeys(privBlob, keyCount, cipherKey !== undefined);
+    } else {
+      ret = [];
+    }
+    // This will need to change if/when OpenSSH ever starts storing multiple
+    // keys in their key files
+    return ret[0];
+  };
+
+  function parseOpenSSHPrivKeys(data, nkeys, decrypted) {
+    const keys = [];
+    /*
+      uint32  checkint
+      uint32  checkint
+      string  privatekey1
+      string  comment1
+      string  privatekey2
+      string  comment2
+      ...
+      string  privatekeyN
+      string  commentN
+      char  1
+      char  2
+      char  3
+      ...
+      char  padlen % 255
+    */
+    if (data.length < 8)
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    const check1 = readUInt32BE(data, 0);
+    const check2 = readUInt32BE(data, 4);
+    if (check1 !== check2) {
+      if (decrypted) {
+        return new Error(
+          'OpenSSH key integrity check failed -- bad passphrase?'
+        );
+      }
+      return new Error('OpenSSH key integrity check failed');
+    }
+    data._pos = 8;
+    let i;
+    let oid;
+    for (i = 0; i < nkeys; ++i) {
+      let algo;
+      let privPEM;
+      let pubPEM;
+      let pubSSH;
+      // The OpenSSH documentation for the key format actually lies, the
+      // entirety of the private key content is not contained with a string
+      // field, it's actually the literal contents of the private key, so to be
+      // able to find the end of the key data you need to know the layout/format
+      // of each key type ...
+      const type = readString(data, data._pos, true);
+      if (type === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+
+      switch (type) {
+        case 'ssh-rsa': {
+          /*
+            string  n -- public
+            string  e -- public
+            string  d -- private
+            string  iqmp -- private
+            string  p -- private
+            string  q -- private
+          */
+          const n = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (n === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const e = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (e === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const d = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (d === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const iqmp = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (iqmp === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const p = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (p === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const q = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (q === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+
+          pubPEM = genOpenSSLRSAPub(n, e);
+          pubSSH = genOpenSSHRSAPub(n, e);
+          privPEM = genOpenSSLRSAPriv(n, e, d, iqmp, p, q);
+          algo = 'sha1';
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'ssh-dss': {
+          /*
+            string  p -- public
+            string  q -- public
+            string  g -- public
+            string  y -- public
+            string  x -- private
+          */
+          const p = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (p === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const q = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (q === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const g = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (g === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const y = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (y === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const x = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (x === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+
+          pubPEM = genOpenSSLDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+          pubSSH = genOpenSSHDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+          privPEM = genOpenSSLDSAPriv(p, q, g, y, x);
+          algo = 'sha1';
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'ssh-ed25519': {
+          if (!eddsaSupported)
+            return new Error(`Unsupported OpenSSH private key type: ${type}`);
+          /*
+            * string  public key
+            * string  private key + public key
+          */
+          const edpub = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (edpub === undefined || edpub.length !== 32)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const edpriv = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (edpriv === undefined || edpriv.length !== 64)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+
+          pubPEM = genOpenSSLEdPub(edpub);
+          pubSSH = genOpenSSHEdPub(edpub);
+          privPEM = genOpenSSLEdPriv(bufferSlice(edpriv, 0, 32));
+          algo = null;
+          break;
+        }
+        case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp256':
+          algo = 'sha256';
+          oid = '1.2.840.10045.3.1.7';
+        // FALLTHROUGH
+        case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp384':
+          if (algo === undefined) {
+            algo = 'sha384';
+            oid = '1.3.132.0.34';
+          }
+        // FALLTHROUGH
+        case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp521': {
+          if (algo === undefined) {
+            algo = 'sha512';
+            oid = '1.3.132.0.35';
+          }
+          /*
+            string  curve name
+            string  Q -- public
+            string  d -- private
+          */
+          // TODO: validate curve name against type
+          if (!skipFields(data, 1)) // Skip curve name
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const ecpub = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (ecpub === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+          const ecpriv = readString(data, data._pos);
+          if (ecpriv === undefined)
+            return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+
+          pubPEM = genOpenSSLECDSAPub(oid, ecpub);
+          pubSSH = genOpenSSHECDSAPub(oid, ecpub);
+          privPEM = genOpenSSLECDSAPriv(oid, ecpub, ecpriv);
+          break;
+        }
+        default:
+          return new Error(`Unsupported OpenSSH private key type: ${type}`);
+      }
+
+      const privComment = readString(data, data._pos, true);
+      if (privComment === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+
+      keys.push(
+        new OpenSSH_Private(type, privComment, privPEM, pubPEM, pubSSH, algo,
+                            decrypted)
+      );
+    }
+    let cnt = 0;
+    for (i = data._pos; i < data.length; ++i) {
+      if (data[i] !== (++cnt % 255))
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH private key');
+    }
+
+    return keys;
+  }
+}
+
+
+function OpenSSH_Old_Private(type, comment, privPEM, pubPEM, pubSSH, algo,
+                             decrypted) {
+  this.type = type;
+  this.comment = comment;
+  this[SYM_PRIV_PEM] = privPEM;
+  this[SYM_PUB_PEM] = pubPEM;
+  this[SYM_PUB_SSH] = pubSSH;
+  this[SYM_HASH_ALGO] = algo;
+  this[SYM_DECRYPTED] = decrypted;
+}
+OpenSSH_Old_Private.prototype = BaseKey;
+{
+  const regexp = /^-----BEGIN (RSA|DSA|EC) PRIVATE KEY-----(?:\r\n|\n)((?:[^:]+:\s*[\S].*(?:\r\n|\n))*)([\s\S]+)(?:\r\n|\n)-----END (RSA|DSA|EC) PRIVATE KEY-----$/;
+  OpenSSH_Old_Private.parse = (str, passphrase) => {
+    const m = regexp.exec(str);
+    if (m === null)
+      return null;
+    let privBlob = Buffer.from(m[3], 'base64');
+    let headers = m[2];
+    let decrypted = false;
+    if (headers !== undefined) {
+      // encrypted key
+      headers = headers.split(/\r\n|\n/g);
+      for (let i = 0; i < headers.length; ++i) {
+        const header = headers[i];
+        let sepIdx = header.indexOf(':');
+        if (header.slice(0, sepIdx) === 'DEK-Info') {
+          const val = header.slice(sepIdx + 2);
+          sepIdx = val.indexOf(',');
+          if (sepIdx === -1)
+            continue;
+          const cipherName = val.slice(0, sepIdx).toLowerCase();
+          if (supportedOpenSSLCiphers.indexOf(cipherName) === -1) {
+            return new Error(
+              `Cipher (${cipherName}) not supported `
+                + 'for encrypted OpenSSH private key'
+            );
+          }
+          const encInfo = CIPHER_INFO_OPENSSL[cipherName];
+          if (!encInfo) {
+            return new Error(
+              `Cipher (${cipherName}) not supported `
+                + 'for encrypted OpenSSH private key'
+            );
+          }
+          const cipherIV = Buffer.from(val.slice(sepIdx + 1), 'hex');
+          if (cipherIV.length !== encInfo.ivLen)
+            return new Error('Malformed encrypted OpenSSH private key');
+          if (!passphrase) {
+            return new Error(
+              'Encrypted OpenSSH private key detected, but no passphrase given'
+            );
+          }
+          const ivSlice = bufferSlice(cipherIV, 0, 8);
+          let cipherKey = createHash('md5')
+                            .update(passphrase)
+                            .update(ivSlice)
+                            .digest();
+          while (cipherKey.length < encInfo.keyLen) {
+            cipherKey = combineBuffers(
+              cipherKey,
+              createHash('md5')
+                .update(cipherKey)
+                .update(passphrase)
+                .update(ivSlice)
+                .digest()
+            );
+          }
+          if (cipherKey.length > encInfo.keyLen)
+            cipherKey = bufferSlice(cipherKey, 0, encInfo.keyLen);
+          try {
+            const decipher = createDecipheriv(cipherName, cipherKey, cipherIV);
+            decipher.setAutoPadding(false);
+            privBlob = combineBuffers(decipher.update(privBlob),
+                                      decipher.final());
+            decrypted = true;
+          } catch (ex) {
+            return ex;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    let type;
+    let privPEM;
+    let pubPEM;
+    let pubSSH;
+    let algo;
+    let reader;
+    let errMsg = 'Malformed OpenSSH private key';
+    if (decrypted)
+      errMsg += '. Bad passphrase?';
+    switch (m[1]) {
+      case 'RSA':
+        type = 'ssh-rsa';
+        privPEM = makePEM('RSA PRIVATE', privBlob);
+        try {
+          reader = new Ber.Reader(privBlob);
+          reader.readSequence();
+          reader.readInt(); // skip version
+          const n = reader.readString(Ber.Integer, true);
+          if (n === null)
+            return new Error(errMsg);
+          const e = reader.readString(Ber.Integer, true);
+          if (e === null)
+            return new Error(errMsg);
+          pubPEM = genOpenSSLRSAPub(n, e);
+          pubSSH = genOpenSSHRSAPub(n, e);
+        } catch {
+          return new Error(errMsg);
+        }
+        algo = 'sha1';
+        break;
+      case 'DSA':
+        type = 'ssh-dss';
+        privPEM = makePEM('DSA PRIVATE', privBlob);
+        try {
+          reader = new Ber.Reader(privBlob);
+          reader.readSequence();
+          reader.readInt(); // skip version
+          const p = reader.readString(Ber.Integer, true);
+          if (p === null)
+            return new Error(errMsg);
+          const q = reader.readString(Ber.Integer, true);
+          if (q === null)
+            return new Error(errMsg);
+          const g = reader.readString(Ber.Integer, true);
+          if (g === null)
+            return new Error(errMsg);
+          const y = reader.readString(Ber.Integer, true);
+          if (y === null)
+            return new Error(errMsg);
+          pubPEM = genOpenSSLDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+          pubSSH = genOpenSSHDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+        } catch {
+          return new Error(errMsg);
+        }
+        algo = 'sha1';
+        break;
+      case 'EC':
+        let ecSSLName;
+        let ecPriv;
+        let ecOID;
+        try {
+          reader = new Ber.Reader(privBlob);
+          reader.readSequence();
+          reader.readInt(); // skip version
+          ecPriv = reader.readString(Ber.OctetString, true);
+          reader.readByte(); // Skip "complex" context type byte
+          const offset = reader.readLength(); // Skip context length
+          if (offset !== null) {
+            reader._offset = offset;
+            ecOID = reader.readOID();
+            if (ecOID === null)
+              return new Error(errMsg);
+            switch (ecOID) {
+              case '1.2.840.10045.3.1.7':
+                // prime256v1/secp256r1
+                ecSSLName = 'prime256v1';
+                type = 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp256';
+                algo = 'sha256';
+                break;
+              case '1.3.132.0.34':
+                // secp384r1
+                ecSSLName = 'secp384r1';
+                type = 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp384';
+                algo = 'sha384';
+                break;
+              case '1.3.132.0.35':
+                // secp521r1
+                ecSSLName = 'secp521r1';
+                type = 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp521';
+                algo = 'sha512';
+                break;
+              default:
+                return new Error(`Unsupported private key EC OID: ${ecOID}`);
+            }
+          } else {
+            return new Error(errMsg);
+          }
+        } catch {
+          return new Error(errMsg);
+        }
+        privPEM = makePEM('EC PRIVATE', privBlob);
+        const pubBlob = genOpenSSLECDSAPubFromPriv(ecSSLName, ecPriv);
+        pubPEM = genOpenSSLECDSAPub(ecOID, pubBlob);
+        pubSSH = genOpenSSHECDSAPub(ecOID, pubBlob);
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return new OpenSSH_Old_Private(type, '', privPEM, pubPEM, pubSSH, algo,
+                                   decrypted);
+  };
+}
+
+
+function PPK_Private(type, comment, privPEM, pubPEM, pubSSH, algo, decrypted) {
+  this.type = type;
+  this.comment = comment;
+  this[SYM_PRIV_PEM] = privPEM;
+  this[SYM_PUB_PEM] = pubPEM;
+  this[SYM_PUB_SSH] = pubSSH;
+  this[SYM_HASH_ALGO] = algo;
+  this[SYM_DECRYPTED] = decrypted;
+}
+PPK_Private.prototype = BaseKey;
+{
+  const EMPTY_PASSPHRASE = Buffer.alloc(0);
+  const PPK_IV = Buffer.from([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]);
+  const PPK_PP1 = Buffer.from([0, 0, 0, 0]);
+  const PPK_PP2 = Buffer.from([0, 0, 0, 1]);
+  const regexp = /^PuTTY-User-Key-File-2: (ssh-(?:rsa|dss))\r?\nEncryption: (aes256-cbc|none)\r?\nComment: ([^\r\n]*)\r?\nPublic-Lines: \d+\r?\n([\s\S]+?)\r?\nPrivate-Lines: \d+\r?\n([\s\S]+?)\r?\nPrivate-MAC: ([^\r\n]+)/;
+  PPK_Private.parse = (str, passphrase) => {
+    const m = regexp.exec(str);
+    if (m === null)
+      return null;
+    // m[1] = key type
+    // m[2] = encryption type
+    // m[3] = comment
+    // m[4] = base64-encoded public key data:
+    //         for "ssh-rsa":
+    //          string "ssh-rsa"
+    //          mpint  e    (public exponent)
+    //          mpint  n    (modulus)
+    //         for "ssh-dss":
+    //          string "ssh-dss"
+    //          mpint p     (modulus)
+    //          mpint q     (prime)
+    //          mpint g     (base number)
+    //          mpint y     (public key parameter: g^x mod p)
+    // m[5] = base64-encoded private key data:
+    //         for "ssh-rsa":
+    //          mpint  d    (private exponent)
+    //          mpint  p    (prime 1)
+    //          mpint  q    (prime 2)
+    //          mpint  iqmp ([inverse of q] mod p)
+    //         for "ssh-dss":
+    //          mpint x     (private key parameter)
+    // m[6] = SHA1 HMAC over:
+    //          string  name of algorithm ("ssh-dss", "ssh-rsa")
+    //          string  encryption type
+    //          string  comment
+    //          string  public key data
+    //          string  private-plaintext (including the final padding)
+    const cipherName = m[2];
+    const encrypted = (cipherName !== 'none');
+    if (encrypted && !passphrase) {
+      return new Error(
+        'Encrypted PPK private key detected, but no passphrase given'
+      );
+    }
+
+    let privBlob = Buffer.from(m[5], 'base64');
+
+    if (encrypted) {
+      const encInfo = CIPHER_INFO[cipherName];
+      let cipherKey = combineBuffers(
+        createHash('sha1').update(PPK_PP1).update(passphrase).digest(),
+        createHash('sha1').update(PPK_PP2).update(passphrase).digest()
+      );
+      if (cipherKey.length > encInfo.keyLen)
+        cipherKey = bufferSlice(cipherKey, 0, encInfo.keyLen);
+      try {
+        const decipher = createDecipheriv(encInfo.sslName,
+                                        cipherKey,
+                                        PPK_IV);
+        decipher.setAutoPadding(false);
+        privBlob = combineBuffers(decipher.update(privBlob),
+                                  decipher.final());
+      } catch (ex) {
+        return ex;
+      }
+    }
+
+    const type = m[1];
+    const comment = m[3];
+    const pubBlob = Buffer.from(m[4], 'base64');
+
+    const mac = m[6];
+    const typeLen = type.length;
+    const cipherNameLen = cipherName.length;
+    const commentLen = Buffer.byteLength(comment);
+    const pubLen = pubBlob.length;
+    const privLen = privBlob.length;
+    const macData = Buffer.allocUnsafe(4 + typeLen
+                                       + 4 + cipherNameLen
+                                       + 4 + commentLen
+                                       + 4 + pubLen
+                                       + 4 + privLen);
+    let p = 0;
+
+    writeUInt32BE(macData, typeLen, p);
+    macData.utf8Write(type, p += 4, typeLen);
+    writeUInt32BE(macData, cipherNameLen, p += typeLen);
+    macData.utf8Write(cipherName, p += 4, cipherNameLen);
+    writeUInt32BE(macData, commentLen, p += cipherNameLen);
+    macData.utf8Write(comment, p += 4, commentLen);
+    writeUInt32BE(macData, pubLen, p += commentLen);
+    macData.set(pubBlob, p += 4);
+    writeUInt32BE(macData, privLen, p += pubLen);
+    macData.set(privBlob, p + 4);
+
+    if (!passphrase)
+      passphrase = EMPTY_PASSPHRASE;
+
+    const calcMAC = createHmac(
+      'sha1',
+       createHash('sha1')
+         .update('putty-private-key-file-mac-key')
+         .update(passphrase)
+         .digest()
+    ).update(macData).digest('hex');
+
+    if (calcMAC !== mac) {
+      if (encrypted) {
+        return new Error(
+          'PPK private key integrity check failed -- bad passphrase?'
+        );
+      }
+      return new Error('PPK private key integrity check failed');
+    }
+
+    let pubPEM;
+    let pubSSH;
+    let privPEM;
+    pubBlob._pos = 0;
+    skipFields(pubBlob, 1); // skip (duplicate) key type
+    switch (type) {
+      case 'ssh-rsa': {
+        const e = readString(pubBlob, pubBlob._pos);
+        if (e === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK public key');
+        const n = readString(pubBlob, pubBlob._pos);
+        if (n === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK public key');
+        const d = readString(privBlob, 0);
+        if (d === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK private key');
+        const p = readString(privBlob, privBlob._pos);
+        if (p === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK private key');
+        const q = readString(privBlob, privBlob._pos);
+        if (q === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK private key');
+        const iqmp = readString(privBlob, privBlob._pos);
+        if (iqmp === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK private key');
+        pubPEM = genOpenSSLRSAPub(n, e);
+        pubSSH = genOpenSSHRSAPub(n, e);
+        privPEM = genOpenSSLRSAPriv(n, e, d, iqmp, p, q);
+        break;
+      }
+      case 'ssh-dss': {
+        const p = readString(pubBlob, pubBlob._pos);
+        if (p === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK public key');
+        const q = readString(pubBlob, pubBlob._pos);
+        if (q === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK public key');
+        const g = readString(pubBlob, pubBlob._pos);
+        if (g === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK public key');
+        const y = readString(pubBlob, pubBlob._pos);
+        if (y === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK public key');
+        const x = readString(privBlob, 0);
+        if (x === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed PPK private key');
+
+        pubPEM = genOpenSSLDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+        pubSSH = genOpenSSHDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+        privPEM = genOpenSSLDSAPriv(p, q, g, y, x);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return new PPK_Private(type, comment, privPEM, pubPEM, pubSSH, 'sha1',
+                           encrypted);
+  };
+}
+
+
+function OpenSSH_Public(type, comment, pubPEM, pubSSH, algo) {
+  this.type = type;
+  this.comment = comment;
+  this[SYM_PRIV_PEM] = null;
+  this[SYM_PUB_PEM] = pubPEM;
+  this[SYM_PUB_SSH] = pubSSH;
+  this[SYM_HASH_ALGO] = algo;
+  this[SYM_DECRYPTED] = false;
+}
+OpenSSH_Public.prototype = BaseKey;
+{
+  let regexp;
+  if (eddsaSupported)
+    regexp = /^(((?:ssh-(?:rsa|dss|ed25519))|ecdsa-sha2-nistp(?:256|384|521))(?:-cert-v0[01]@openssh.com)?) ([A-Z0-9a-z/+=]+)(?:$|\s+([\S].*)?)$/;
+  else
+    regexp = /^(((?:ssh-(?:rsa|dss))|ecdsa-sha2-nistp(?:256|384|521))(?:-cert-v0[01]@openssh.com)?) ([A-Z0-9a-z/+=]+)(?:$|\s+([\S].*)?)$/;
+  OpenSSH_Public.parse = (str) => {
+    const m = regexp.exec(str);
+    if (m === null)
+      return null;
+    // m[1] = full type
+    // m[2] = base type
+    // m[3] = base64-encoded public key
+    // m[4] = comment
+
+    const fullType = m[1];
+    const baseType = m[2];
+    const data = Buffer.from(m[3], 'base64');
+    const comment = (m[4] || '');
+
+    const type = readString(data, data._pos, true);
+    if (type === undefined || type.indexOf(baseType) !== 0)
+      return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+
+    return parseDER(data, baseType, comment, fullType);
+  };
+}
+
+
+function RFC4716_Public(type, comment, pubPEM, pubSSH, algo) {
+  this.type = type;
+  this.comment = comment;
+  this[SYM_PRIV_PEM] = null;
+  this[SYM_PUB_PEM] = pubPEM;
+  this[SYM_PUB_SSH] = pubSSH;
+  this[SYM_HASH_ALGO] = algo;
+  this[SYM_DECRYPTED] = false;
+}
+RFC4716_Public.prototype = BaseKey;
+{
+  const regexp = /^---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----(?:\r?\n)((?:.{0,72}\r?\n)+)---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----$/;
+  const RE_DATA = /^[A-Z0-9a-z/+=\r\n]+$/;
+  const RE_HEADER = /^([\x21-\x39\x3B-\x7E]{1,64}): ((?:[^\\]*\\\r?\n)*[^\r\n]+)\r?\n/gm;
+  const RE_HEADER_ENDS = /\\\r?\n/g;
+  RFC4716_Public.parse = (str) => {
+    let m = regexp.exec(str);
+    if (m === null)
+      return null;
+
+    const body = m[1];
+    let dataStart = 0;
+    let comment = '';
+
+    while (m = RE_HEADER.exec(body)) {
+      const headerName = m[1];
+      const headerValue = m[2].replace(RE_HEADER_ENDS, '');
+      if (headerValue.length > 1024) {
+        RE_HEADER.lastIndex = 0;
+        return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+      }
+
+      dataStart = RE_HEADER.lastIndex;
+
+      if (headerName.toLowerCase() === 'comment') {
+        comment = headerValue;
+        if (comment.length > 1
+            && comment.charCodeAt(0) === 34/* '"' */
+            && comment.charCodeAt(comment.length - 1) === 34/* '"' */) {
+          comment = comment.slice(1, -1);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    let data = body.slice(dataStart);
+    if (!RE_DATA.test(data))
+      return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+
+    data = Buffer.from(data, 'base64');
+
+    const type = readString(data, 0, true);
+    if (type === undefined)
+      return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+
+    let pubPEM = null;
+    let pubSSH = null;
+    switch (type) {
+      case 'ssh-rsa': {
+        const e = readString(data, data._pos);
+        if (e === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+        const n = readString(data, data._pos);
+        if (n === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+        pubPEM = genOpenSSLRSAPub(n, e);
+        pubSSH = genOpenSSHRSAPub(n, e);
+        break;
+      }
+      case 'ssh-dss': {
+        const p = readString(data, data._pos);
+        if (p === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+        const q = readString(data, data._pos);
+        if (q === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+        const g = readString(data, data._pos);
+        if (g === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+        const y = readString(data, data._pos);
+        if (y === undefined)
+          return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+        pubPEM = genOpenSSLDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+        pubSSH = genOpenSSHDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+        break;
+      }
+      default:
+        return new Error('Malformed RFC4716 public key');
+    }
+
+    return new RFC4716_Public(type, comment, pubPEM, pubSSH, 'sha1');
+  };
+}
+
+
+function parseDER(data, baseType, comment, fullType) {
+  if (!isSupportedKeyType(baseType))
+    return new Error(`Unsupported OpenSSH public key type: ${baseType}`);
+
+  let algo;
+  let oid;
+  let pubPEM = null;
+  let pubSSH = null;
+
+  switch (baseType) {
+    case 'ssh-rsa': {
+      const e = readString(data, data._pos || 0);
+      if (e === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      const n = readString(data, data._pos);
+      if (n === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      pubPEM = genOpenSSLRSAPub(n, e);
+      pubSSH = genOpenSSHRSAPub(n, e);
+      algo = 'sha1';
+      break;
+    }
+    case 'ssh-dss': {
+      const p = readString(data, data._pos || 0);
+      if (p === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      const q = readString(data, data._pos);
+      if (q === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      const g = readString(data, data._pos);
+      if (g === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      const y = readString(data, data._pos);
+      if (y === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      pubPEM = genOpenSSLDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+      pubSSH = genOpenSSHDSAPub(p, q, g, y);
+      algo = 'sha1';
+      break;
+    }
+    case 'ssh-ed25519': {
+      const edpub = readString(data, data._pos || 0);
+      if (edpub === undefined || edpub.length !== 32)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      pubPEM = genOpenSSLEdPub(edpub);
+      pubSSH = genOpenSSHEdPub(edpub);
+      algo = null;
+      break;
+    }
+    case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp256':
+      algo = 'sha256';
+      oid = '1.2.840.10045.3.1.7';
+    // FALLTHROUGH
+    case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp384':
+      if (algo === undefined) {
+        algo = 'sha384';
+        oid = '1.3.132.0.34';
+      }
+    // FALLTHROUGH
+    case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp521': {
+      if (algo === undefined) {
+        algo = 'sha512';
+        oid = '1.3.132.0.35';
+      }
+      // TODO: validate curve name against type
+      if (!skipFields(data, 1)) // Skip curve name
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      const ecpub = readString(data, data._pos || 0);
+      if (ecpub === undefined)
+        return new Error('Malformed OpenSSH public key');
+      pubPEM = genOpenSSLECDSAPub(oid, ecpub);
+      pubSSH = genOpenSSHECDSAPub(oid, ecpub);
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      return new Error(`Unsupported OpenSSH public key type: ${baseType}`);
+  }
+
+  return new OpenSSH_Public(fullType, comment, pubPEM, pubSSH, algo);
+}
+
+function isSupportedKeyType(type) {
+  switch (type) {
+    case 'ssh-rsa':
+    case 'ssh-dss':
+    case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp256':
+    case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp384':
+    case 'ecdsa-sha2-nistp521':
+      return true;
+    case 'ssh-ed25519':
+      if (eddsaSupported)
+        return true;
+    // FALLTHROUGH
+    default:
+      return false;
+  }
+}
+
+function isParsedKey(val) {
+  if (!val)
+    return false;
+  return (typeof val[SYM_DECRYPTED] === 'boolean');
+}
+
+function parseKey(data, passphrase) {
+  if (isParsedKey(data))
+    return data;
+
+  let origBuffer;
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(data)) {
+    origBuffer = data;
+    data = data.utf8Slice(0, data.length).trim();
+  } else if (typeof data === 'string') {
+    data = data.trim();
+  } else {
+    return new Error('Key data must be a Buffer or string');
+  }
+
+  // eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+  if (passphrase != undefined) {
+    if (typeof passphrase === 'string')
+      passphrase = Buffer.from(passphrase);
+    else if (!Buffer.isBuffer(passphrase))
+      return new Error('Passphrase must be a string or Buffer when supplied');
+  }
+
+  let ret;
+
+  // First try as printable string format (e.g. PEM)
+
+  // Private keys
+  if ((ret = OpenSSH_Private.parse(data, passphrase)) !== null)
+    return ret;
+  if ((ret = OpenSSH_Old_Private.parse(data, passphrase)) !== null)
+    return ret;
+  if ((ret = PPK_Private.parse(data, passphrase)) !== null)
+    return ret;
+
+  // Public keys
+  if ((ret = OpenSSH_Public.parse(data)) !== null)
+    return ret;
+  if ((ret = RFC4716_Public.parse(data)) !== null)
+    return ret;
+
+  // Finally try as a binary format if we were originally passed binary data
+  if (origBuffer) {
+    binaryKeyParser.init(origBuffer, 0);
+    const type = binaryKeyParser.readString(true);
+    if (type !== undefined) {
+      data = binaryKeyParser.readRaw();
+      if (data !== undefined) {
+        ret = parseDER(data, type, '', type);
+        // Ignore potentially useless errors in case the data was not actually
+        // in the binary format
+        if (ret instanceof Error)
+          ret = null;
+      }
+    }
+    binaryKeyParser.clear();
+  }
+
+  if (ret)
+    return ret;
+
+  return new Error('Unsupported key format');
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  isParsedKey,
+  isSupportedKeyType,
+  parseDERKey: (data, type) => parseDER(data, type, '', type),
+  parseKey,
+};