@effect/ai 0.26.1 → 0.27.1

package/src/Prompt.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,1621 @@
+/**
+ * The `Prompt` module provides several data structures to simplify creating and
+ * combining prompts.
+ *
+ * This module defines the complete structure of a conversation with a large
+ * language model, including messages, content parts, and provider-specific
+ * options. It supports rich content types like text, files, tool calls, and
+ * reasoning.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * // Create a structured conversation
+ * const conversation = Prompt.make([
+ *   {
+ *     role: "system",
+ *     content: "You are a helpful assistant specialized in mathematics."
+ *   },
+ *   {
+ *     role: "user",
+ *     content: [{
+ *       type: "text",
+ *       text: "What is the derivative of x²?"
+ *     }]
+ *   },
+ *   {
+ *     role: "assistant",
+ *     content: [{
+ *       type: "text",
+ *       text: "The derivative of x² is 2x."
+ *     }]
+ *   }
+ * ])
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * // Merge multiple prompts
+ * const systemPrompt = Prompt.make([{
+ *   role: "system",
+ *   content: "You are a coding assistant."
+ * }])
+ *
+ * const userPrompt = Prompt.make("Help me write a function")
+ *
+ * const combined = Prompt.merge(systemPrompt, userPrompt)
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ */
+import { constFalse, dual } from "effect/Function"
+import * as Predicate from "effect/Predicate"
+import * as Schema from "effect/Schema"
+import type * as Response from "./Response.js"
+
+const constEmptyObject = () => ({})
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Options
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Schema for provider-specific options which can be attached to both content
+ * parts and messages, enabling provider-specific behavior.
+ *
+ * Provider-specific options are namespaced by provider and have the structure:
+ *
+ * ```
+ * {
+ *   "<provider-specific-key>": {
+ *     // Provider-specific options
+ *   }
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export const ProviderOptions = Schema.Record({
+  key: Schema.String,
+  value: Schema.UndefinedOr(
+    Schema.Record({
+      key: Schema.String,
+      value: Schema.Unknown
+    })
+  )
+})
+
+/**
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type ProviderOptions = typeof ProviderOptions.Type
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Base Part
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Unique identifier for Part instances.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Type Ids
+ */
+export const PartTypeId = "~effect/ai/Prompt/Part"
+
+/**
+ * Type-level representation of the Part identifier.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Type Ids
+ */
+export type PartTypeId = typeof PartTypeId
+
+/**
+ * Type guard to check if a value is a Part.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Guards
+ */
+export const isPart = (u: unknown): u is Part => Predicate.hasProperty(u, PartTypeId)
+
+/**
+ * Union type representing all possible content parts within messages.
+ *
+ * Parts are the building blocks of message content, supporting text, files,
+ * reasoning, tool calls, and tool results.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type Part = TextPart | ReasoningPart | FilePart | ToolCallPart | ToolResultPart
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of a Part.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type PartEncoded =
+  | TextPartEncoded
+  | ReasoningPartEncoded
+  | FilePartEncoded
+  | ToolCallPartEncoded
+  | ToolResultPartEncoded
+
+/**
+ * Base interface for all content parts.
+ *
+ * Provides common structure including type and provider options.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface BasePart<Type extends string, Options extends ProviderOptions> {
+  readonly [PartTypeId]: PartTypeId
+  /**
+   * The type of this content part.
+   */
+  readonly type: Type
+  /**
+   * Provider-specific options for this part.
+   */
+  readonly options: Options
+}
+
+/**
+ * Base interface for encoded content parts.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface BasePartEncoded<Type extends string, Options extends ProviderOptions> {
+  /**
+   * The type of this content part.
+   */
+  readonly type: Type
+  /**
+   * Provider-specific options for this part.
+   */
+  readonly options?: Options | undefined
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a new content part of the specified type.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const textPart = Prompt.makePart("text", {
+ *   text: "Hello, world!"
+ * })
+ *
+ * const filePart = Prompt.makePart("file", {
+ *   mediaType: "image/png",
+ *   fileName: "screenshot.png",
+ *   data: new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3])
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Constructors
+ */
+export const makePart = <const Type extends Part["type"]>(
+  /**
+   * The type of part to create.
+   */
+  type: Type,
+  /**
+   * Parameters specific to the part type being created.
+   */
+  params: Omit<Extract<Part, { type: Type }>, PartTypeId | "type" | "options"> & {
+    /**
+     * Optional provider-specific options for this part.
+     */
+    readonly options?: Extract<Part, { type: Type }>["options"] | undefined
+  }
+): Extract<Part, { type: Type }> =>
+  (({
+   ...params,
+   [PartTypeId]: PartTypeId,
+   type,
+   options: params.options ?? {}
+  }) as any)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Text Part
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Content part representing plain text.
+ *
+ * The most basic content type used for textual information in messages.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const textPart: Prompt.TextPart = Prompt.makePart("text", {
+ *   text: "Hello, how can I help you today?",
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface TextPart extends BasePart<"text", TextPartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * The text content.
+   */
+  readonly text: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of text parts for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface TextPartEncoded extends BasePartEncoded<"text", TextPartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * The text content.
+   */
+  readonly text: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `TextPart` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface TextPartOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of text parts.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const TextPart: Schema.Schema<TextPart, TextPartEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  type: Schema.Literal("text"),
+  text: Schema.String,
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(PartTypeId, PartTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "TextPart" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Reasoning Part
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Content part representing reasoning or chain-of-thought.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const reasoningPart: Prompt.ReasoningPart = Prompt.makePart("reasoning", {
+ *   text: "Let me think step by step: First I need to understand the user's question...",
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface ReasoningPart extends BasePart<"reasoning", ReasoningPartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * The reasoning or thought process text.
+   */
+  readonly text: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of reasoning parts for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface ReasoningPartEncoded extends BasePartEncoded<"reasoning", ReasoningPartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * The reasoning or thought process text.
+   */
+  readonly text: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `ReasoningPart` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface ReasoningPartOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of reasoning parts.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const ReasoningPart: Schema.Schema<ReasoningPart, ReasoningPartEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  type: Schema.Literal("reasoning"),
+  text: Schema.String,
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(PartTypeId, PartTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "ReasoningPart" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// File Part
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Content part representing a file attachment. Files can be provided as base64
+ * strings of data, byte arrays, or URLs.
+ *
+ * Supports various file types including images, documents, and binary data.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const imagePart: Prompt.FilePart = Prompt.makePart("file", {
+ *   mediaType: "image/jpeg",
+ *   fileName: "photo.jpg",
+ *   data: "data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQAAAQ..."
+ * })
+ *
+ * const documentPart: Prompt.FilePart = Prompt.makePart("file", {
+ *   mediaType: "application/pdf",
+ *   fileName: "report.pdf",
+ *   data: new Uint8Array([1, 2, 3])
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface FilePart extends BasePart<"file", FilePartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * MIME type of the file (e.g., "image/jpeg", "application/pdf").
+   */
+  readonly mediaType: string
+  /**
+   * Optional filename for the file.
+   */
+  readonly fileName?: string | undefined
+  /**
+   * File data as base64 string of data, a byte array, or a URL.
+   */
+  readonly data: string | Uint8Array | URL
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of file parts for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface FilePartEncoded extends BasePartEncoded<"file", FilePartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * MIME type of the file (e.g., "image/jpeg", "application/pdf").
+   */
+  readonly mediaType: string
+  /**
+   * Optional filename for the file.
+   */
+  readonly fileName?: string | undefined
+  /**
+   * File data as base64 string of data, a byte array, or a URL.
+   */
+  readonly data: string | Uint8Array | URL
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `FilePart` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface FilePartOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of file parts.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const FilePart: Schema.Schema<FilePart, FilePartEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  type: Schema.Literal("file"),
+  mediaType: Schema.String,
+  fileName: Schema.optional(Schema.String),
+  data: Schema.Union(Schema.String, Schema.Uint8ArrayFromSelf, Schema.URLFromSelf),
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(PartTypeId, PartTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "FilePart" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Tool Call Part
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Content part representing a tool call request.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const toolCallPart: Prompt.ToolCallPart = Prompt.makePart("tool-call", {
+ *   id: "call_123",
+ *   name: "get_weather",
+ *   params: { city: "San Francisco", units: "celsius" },
+ *   providerExecuted: false,
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface ToolCallPart extends BasePart<"tool-call", ToolCallPartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Unique identifier for this tool call.
+   */
+  readonly id: string
+  /**
+   * Name of the tool to invoke.
+   */
+  readonly name: string
+  /**
+   * Parameters to pass to the tool.
+   */
+  readonly params: unknown
+  /**
+   * Whether the tool was executed by the provider (true) or framework (false).
+   */
+  readonly providerExecuted: boolean
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of tool call parts for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface ToolCallPartEncoded extends BasePartEncoded<"tool-call", ToolCallPartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Unique identifier for this tool call.
+   */
+  readonly id: string
+  /**
+   * Name of the tool to invoke.
+   */
+  readonly name: string
+  /**
+   * Parameters to pass to the tool.
+   */
+  readonly params: unknown
+  /**
+   * Whether the tool was executed by the provider (true) or framework (false).
+   */
+  readonly providerExecuted?: boolean | undefined
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `ToolCallPart` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface ToolCallPartOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of tool call parts.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const ToolCallPart: Schema.Schema<ToolCallPart, ToolCallPartEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  type: Schema.Literal("tool-call"),
+  id: Schema.String,
+  name: Schema.String,
+  params: Schema.Unknown,
+  providerExecuted: Schema.optionalWith(Schema.Boolean, { default: constFalse }),
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(PartTypeId, PartTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "ToolCallPart" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Tool Result Part
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Content part representing the result of a tool call.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const toolResultPart: Prompt.ToolResultPart = Prompt.makePart("tool-result", {
+ *   id: "call_123",
+ *   name: "get_weather",
+ *   result: {
+ *     temperature: 22,
+ *     condition: "sunny",
+ *     humidity: 65
+ *   }
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface ToolResultPart extends BasePart<"tool-result", ToolResultPartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Unique identifier matching the original tool call.
+   */
+  readonly id: string
+  /**
+   * Name of the tool that was executed.
+   */
+  readonly name: string
+  /**
+   * The result returned by the tool execution.
+   */
+  readonly result: unknown
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of tool result parts for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface ToolResultPartEncoded extends BasePartEncoded<"tool-result", ToolResultPartOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Unique identifier matching the original tool call.
+   */
+  readonly id: string
+  /**
+   * Name of the tool that was executed.
+   */
+  readonly name: string
+  /**
+   * The result returned by the tool execution.
+   */
+  readonly result: unknown
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `ToolResultPart` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface ToolResultPartOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of tool result parts.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const ToolResultPart: Schema.Schema<ToolResultPart, ToolResultPartEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  type: Schema.Literal("tool-result"),
+  id: Schema.String,
+  name: Schema.String,
+  result: Schema.Unknown,
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(PartTypeId, PartTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "ToolResultPart" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Base Message
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Unique identifier for Message instances.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Type Ids
+ */
+export const MessageTypeId = "~effect/ai/Prompt/Message"
+
+/**
+ * Type-level representation of the Message identifier.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Type Ids
+ */
+export type MessageTypeId = typeof MessageTypeId
+
+/**
+ * Type guard to check if a value is a Message.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Guards
+ */
+export const isMessage = (u: unknown): u is Message => Predicate.hasProperty(u, MessageTypeId)
+
+/**
+ * Base interface for all message types.
+ *
+ * Provides common structure including role and provider options.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface BaseMessage<Role extends string, Options extends ProviderOptions> {
+  readonly [MessageTypeId]: MessageTypeId
+  /**
+   * The role of the message participant.
+   */
+  readonly role: Role
+  /**
+   * Provider-specific options for this message.
+   */
+  readonly options: Options
+}
+
+/**
+ * Base interface for encoded message types.
+ *
+ * @template Role - String literal type for the message role
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface BaseMessageEncoded<Role extends string, Options extends ProviderOptions> {
+  /**
+   * The role of the message participant.
+   */
+  readonly role: Role
+  /**
+   * Provider-specific options for this message.
+   */
+  readonly options?: Options | undefined
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a new message with the specified role.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const textPart = Prompt.makePart("text", {
+ *   text: "Hello, world!"
+ * })
+ *
+ * const filePart = Prompt.makeMessage("user", {
+ *   content: [textPart]
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Constructors
+ */
+export const makeMessage = <const Role extends Message["role"]>(
+  role: Role,
+  params: Omit<Extract<Message, { role: Role }>, MessageTypeId | "role" | "options"> & {
+    readonly options?: Extract<Message, { role: Role }>["options"]
+  }
+): Extract<Message, { role: Role }> =>
+  (({
+   ...params,
+   [MessageTypeId]: MessageTypeId,
+   role,
+   options: params.options ?? {}
+  }) as any)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// System Message
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Message representing system instructions or context.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const systemMessage: Prompt.SystemMessage = Prompt.makeMessage("system", {
+ *   content: "You are a helpful assistant specialized in mathematics. " +
+ *    "Always show your work step by step."
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface SystemMessage extends BaseMessage<"system", SystemMessageOptions> {
+  /**
+   * The system instruction or context as plain text.
+   */
+  readonly content: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of system messages for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface SystemMessageEncoded extends BaseMessageEncoded<"system", SystemMessageOptions> {
+  /**
+   * The system instruction or context as plain text.
+   */
+  readonly content: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `SystemMessage` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface SystemMessageOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of system messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const SystemMessage: Schema.Schema<SystemMessage, SystemMessageEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  role: Schema.Literal("system"),
+  content: Schema.String,
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(MessageTypeId, MessageTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "SystemMessage" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// User Message
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Message representing user input or questions.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const textUserMessage: Prompt.UserMessage = Prompt.makeMessage("user", {
+ *   content: [
+ *     Prompt.makePart("text", {
+ *       text: "Can you analyze this image for me?"
+ *     })
+ *   ]
+ * })
+ *
+ * const multimodalUserMessage: Prompt.UserMessage = Prompt.makeMessage("user", {
+ *   content: [
+ *     Prompt.makePart("text", {
+ *       text: "What do you see in this image?"
+ *     }),
+ *     Prompt.makePart("file", {
+ *       mediaType: "image/jpeg",
+ *       fileName: "vacation.jpg",
+ *       data: "data:image/jpeg;base64,..."
+ *     })
+ *   ]
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface UserMessage extends BaseMessage<"user", UserMessageOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Array of content parts that make up the user's message.
+   */
+  readonly content: ReadonlyArray<UserMessagePart>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Union type of content parts allowed in user messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type UserMessagePart = TextPart | FilePart
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of user messages for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface UserMessageEncoded extends BaseMessageEncoded<"user", UserMessageOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Array of content parts that make up the user's message.
+   */
+  readonly content: ReadonlyArray<UserMessagePartEncoded>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Union type of encoded content parts for user messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type UserMessagePartEncoded = TextPartEncoded | FilePartEncoded
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `UserMessage` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface UserMessageOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of user messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const UserMessage: Schema.Schema<UserMessage, UserMessageEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  role: Schema.Literal("user"),
+  content: Schema.Array(Schema.Union(TextPart, FilePart)),
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(MessageTypeId, MessageTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "UserMessage" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Assistant Message
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Message representing large language model assistant responses.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const assistantMessage: Prompt.AssistantMessage = Prompt.makeMessage("assistant", {
+ *   content: [
+ *     Prompt.makePart("text", {
+ *       text: "The user is asking about the weather. I should use the weather tool."
+ *     }),
+ *     Prompt.makePart("tool-call", {
+ *       id: "call_123",
+ *       name: "get_weather",
+ *       params: { city: "San Francisco" },
+ *       providerExecuted: false
+ *     }),
+ *     Prompt.makePart("tool-result", {
+ *       id: "call_123",
+ *       name: "get_weather",
+ *       result: { temperature: 72, condition: "sunny" }
+ *     }),
+ *     Prompt.makePart("text", {
+ *       text: "The weather in San Francisco is currently 72°F and sunny."
+ *     })
+ *   ]
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface AssistantMessage extends BaseMessage<"assistant", AssistantMessageOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Array of content parts that make up the assistant's response.
+   */
+  readonly content: ReadonlyArray<AssistantMessagePart>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Union type of content parts allowed in assistant messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type AssistantMessagePart =
+  | TextPart
+  | FilePart
+  | ReasoningPart
+  | ToolCallPart
+  | ToolResultPart
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of assistant messages for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface AssistantMessageEncoded extends BaseMessageEncoded<"assistant", AssistantMessageOptions> {
+  readonly content: ReadonlyArray<AssistantMessagePartEncoded>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Union type of encoded content parts for assistant messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type AssistantMessagePartEncoded =
+  | TextPartEncoded
+  | FilePartEncoded
+  | ReasoningPartEncoded
+  | ToolCallPartEncoded
+  | ToolResultPartEncoded
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `AssistantMessage` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface AssistantMessageOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of assistant messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const AssistantMessage: Schema.Schema<AssistantMessage, AssistantMessageEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  role: Schema.Literal("assistant"),
+  content: Schema.Array(Schema.Union(TextPart, FilePart, ReasoningPart, ToolCallPart, ToolResultPart)),
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(MessageTypeId, MessageTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "AssistantMessage" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Tool Message
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Message representing tool execution results.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const toolMessage: Prompt.ToolMessage = Prompt.makeMessage("tool", {
+ *   content: [
+ *     Prompt.makePart("tool-result", {
+ *       id: "call_123",
+ *       name: "search_web",
+ *       result: {
+ *         query: "TypeScript best practices",
+ *         results: [
+ *           { title: "TypeScript Handbook", url: "https://..." },
+ *           { title: "Effective TypeScript", url: "https://..." }
+ *         ]
+ *       }
+ *     })
+ *   ]
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface ToolMessage extends BaseMessage<"tool", ToolMessageOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Array of tool result parts.
+   */
+  readonly content: ReadonlyArray<ToolMessagePart>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Union type of content parts allowed in tool messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type ToolMessagePart = ToolResultPart
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of tool messages for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface ToolMessageEncoded extends BaseMessageEncoded<"tool", ToolMessageOptions> {
+  /**
+   * Array of tool result parts.
+   */
+  readonly content: ReadonlyArray<ToolMessagePartEncoded>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Union type of encoded content parts for tool messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type ToolMessagePartEncoded = ToolResultPartEncoded
+
+/**
+ * Represents provider-specific options that can be associated with a
+ * `ToolMessage` through module augmentation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category ProviderOptions
+ */
+export interface ToolMessageOptions extends ProviderOptions {}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of tool messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const ToolMessage: Schema.Schema<ToolMessage, ToolMessageEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  role: Schema.Literal("tool"),
+  content: Schema.Array(ToolResultPart),
+  options: Schema.optionalWith(ProviderOptions, { default: constEmptyObject })
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(MessageTypeId, MessageTypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "ToolMessage" })
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Message
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * A type representing all possible message types in a conversation.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type Message =
+  | SystemMessage
+  | UserMessage
+  | AssistantMessage
+  | ToolMessage
+
+/**
+ * A type representing all possible encoded message types for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type MessageEncoded =
+  | SystemMessageEncoded
+  | UserMessageEncoded
+  | AssistantMessageEncoded
+  | ToolMessageEncoded
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of messages.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const Message: Schema.Schema<Message, MessageEncoded> = Schema.Union(
+  SystemMessage,
+  UserMessage,
+  AssistantMessage,
+  ToolMessage
+)
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Prompt
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Unique identifier for Prompt instances.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Type Ids
+ */
+export const TypeId = "~@effect/ai/Prompt"
+
+/**
+ * Type-level representation of the Prompt identifier.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Type Ids
+ */
+export type TypeId = typeof TypeId
+
+/**
+ * Type guard to check if a value is a Prompt.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Guards
+ */
+export const isPrompt = (u: unknown): u is Prompt => Predicate.hasProperty(u, TypeId)
+
+/**
+ * A Prompt contains a sequence of messages that form the context of a
+ * conversation with a large language model.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface Prompt {
+  readonly [TypeId]: TypeId
+  /**
+   * Array of messages that make up the conversation.
+   */
+  readonly content: ReadonlyArray<Message>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encoded representation of prompts for serialization.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export interface PromptEncoded {
+  /**
+   * Array of messages that make up the conversation.
+   */
+  readonly content: ReadonlyArray<MessageEncoded>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Schema for validation and encoding of prompts.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const Prompt: Schema.Schema<Prompt, PromptEncoded> = Schema.Struct({
+  content: Schema.Array(Message)
+}).pipe(
+  Schema.attachPropertySignature(TypeId, TypeId),
+  Schema.annotations({ identifier: "Prompt" })
+)
+
+/**
+ * Schema for parsing a Prompt from JSON strings.
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Schemas
+ */
+export const FromJson = Schema.parseJson(Prompt)
+
+/**
+ * Raw input types that can be converted into a Prompt.
+ *
+ * Supports various input formats for convenience, including simple strings,
+ * message arrays, response parts, and existing prompts.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * // String input - creates a user message
+ * const stringInput: Prompt.RawInput = "Hello, world!"
+ *
+ * // Message array input
+ * const messagesInput: Prompt.RawInput = [
+ *   { role: "system", content: "You are helpful." },
+ *   { role: "user", content: [{ type: "text", text: "Hi!" }] }
+ * ]
+ *
+ * // Existing prompt
+ * declare const existingPrompt: Prompt.Prompt
+ * const promptInput: Prompt.RawInput = existingPrompt
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Models
+ */
+export type RawInput =
+  | string
+  | Iterable<MessageEncoded>
+  | Prompt
+
+const makePrompt = (content: ReadonlyArray<Message>): Prompt => ({
+  [TypeId]: TypeId,
+  content
+})
+
+const decodeMessagesSync = Schema.decodeSync(Schema.Array(Message))
+
+/**
+ * An empty prompt with no messages.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const emptyPrompt = Prompt.empty
+ * console.log(emptyPrompt.content) // []
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Constructors
+ */
+export const empty: Prompt = makePrompt([])
+
+/**
+ * Creates a Prompt from an input.
+ *
+ * This is the primary constructor for creating prompts, supporting multiple
+ * input formats for convenience and flexibility.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * // From string - creates a user message
+ * const textPrompt = Prompt.make("Hello, how are you?")
+ *
+ * // From messages array
+ * const structuredPrompt = Prompt.make([
+ *   { role: "system", content: "You are a helpful assistant." },
+ *   { role: "user", content: [{ type: "text", text: "Hi!" }] }
+ * ])
+ *
+ * // From existing prompt
+ * declare const existingPrompt: Prompt.Prompt
+ * const copiedPrompt = Prompt.make(existingPrompt)
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Constructors
+ */
+export const make = (input: RawInput): Prompt => {
+  if (Predicate.isString(input)) {
+    const part = makePart("text", { text: input })
+    const message = makeMessage("user", { content: [part] })
+    return makePrompt([message])
+  }
+
+  if (Predicate.isIterable(input)) {
+    return makePrompt(decodeMessagesSync(Array.from(input), {
+      errors: "all"
+    }))
+  }
+
+  return input
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a Prompt from an array of messages.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const messages: ReadonlyArray<Prompt.Message> = [
+ *   Prompt.makeMessage("system", {
+ *     content: "You are a coding assistant."
+ *   }),
+ *   Prompt.makeMessage("user", {
+ *     content: [Prompt.makePart("text", { text: "Help me with TypeScript" })]
+ *   })
+ * ]
+ *
+ * const prompt = Prompt.fromMessages(messages)
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Constructors
+ */
+export const fromMessages = (messages: ReadonlyArray<Message>): Prompt => makePrompt(messages)
+
+const VALID_RESPONSE_PART_MAP = {
+  "response-metadata": false,
+  "text": true,
+  "text-start": false,
+  "text-delta": true,
+  "text-end": false,
+  "reasoning": true,
+  "reasoning-start": false,
+  "reasoning-delta": true,
+  "reasoning-end": false,
+  "file": false,
+  "source": false,
+  "tool-params-start": false,
+  "tool-params-delta": false,
+  "tool-params-end": false,
+  "tool-call": true,
+  "tool-result": true,
+  "finish": false,
+  "error": false
+} as const satisfies Record<Response.AnyPart["type"], boolean>
+
+type ValidResponseParts = typeof VALID_RESPONSE_PART_MAP
+
+type ValidResponsePart = {
+  [Type in keyof ValidResponseParts]: ValidResponseParts[Type] extends true ? Extract<Response.AnyPart, { type: Type }>
+    : never
+}[keyof typeof VALID_RESPONSE_PART_MAP]
+
+const isValidPart = (part: Response.AnyPart): part is ValidResponsePart => {
+  return VALID_RESPONSE_PART_MAP[part.type]
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a Prompt from the response parts of a previous interaction with a
+ * large language model.
+ *
+ * Converts streaming or non-streaming AI response parts into a structured
+ * prompt, typically for use in conversation history or further processing.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt, Response } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const responseParts: ReadonlyArray<Response.AnyPart> = [
+ *   Response.makePart("text", {
+ *     text: "Hello there!"
+ *   }),
+ *   Response.makePart("tool-call", {
+ *     id: "call_1",
+ *     name: "get_time",
+ *     params: {},
+ *     providerExecuted: false
+ *   }),
+ *   Response.makePart("tool-result", {
+ *     id: "call_1",
+ *     name: "get_time",
+ *     result: "10:30 AM",
+ *     encodedResult: "10:30 AM",
+ *     providerExecuted: false
+ *   })
+ * ]
+ *
+ * const prompt = Prompt.fromResponseParts(responseParts)
+ * // Creates an assistant message with the response content
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Constructors
+ */
+export const fromResponseParts = (parts: ReadonlyArray<Response.AnyPart>): Prompt => {
+  if (parts.length === 0) {
+    return empty
+  }
+
+  const content: Array<AssistantMessagePart> = []
+
+  const textDeltas: Array<string> = []
+  function flushTextDeltas() {
+    if (textDeltas.length > 0) {
+      const text = textDeltas.join("")
+      if (text.length > 0) {
+        content.push(makePart("text", { text }))
+      }
+      textDeltas.length = 0
+    }
+  }
+
+  const reasoningDeltas: Array<string> = []
+  function flushReasoningDeltas() {
+    if (reasoningDeltas.length > 0) {
+      const text = reasoningDeltas.join("")
+      if (text.length > 0) {
+        content.push(makePart("reasoning", { text }))
+      }
+      reasoningDeltas.length = 0
+    }
+  }
+
+  function flushDeltas() {
+    flushTextDeltas()
+    flushReasoningDeltas()
+  }
+
+  for (const part of parts) {
+    if (isValidPart(part)) {
+      switch (part.type) {
+        case "text": {
+          flushDeltas()
+          content.push(makePart("text", { text: part.text }))
+          break
+        }
+        case "text-delta": {
+          flushReasoningDeltas()
+          textDeltas.push(part.delta)
+          break
+        }
+        case "reasoning": {
+          flushDeltas()
+          content.push(makePart("reasoning", { text: part.text }))
+          break
+        }
+        case "reasoning-delta": {
+          flushTextDeltas()
+          reasoningDeltas.push(part.delta)
+          break
+        }
+        case "tool-call": {
+          flushDeltas()
+          content.push(makePart("tool-call", {
+            id: part.id,
+            name: part.providerName ?? part.name,
+            params: part.params,
+            providerExecuted: part.providerExecuted ?? false
+          }))
+          break
+        }
+        case "tool-result": {
+          flushDeltas()
+          content.push(makePart("tool-result", {
+            id: part.id,
+            name: part.providerName ?? part.name,
+            result: part.encodedResult
+          }))
+          break
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  flushDeltas()
+
+  const message = makeMessage("assistant", { content })
+
+  return makePrompt([message])
+}
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Merging Prompts
+// =============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Merges two prompts by concatenating their messages.
+ *
+ * Creates a new prompt containing all messages from both prompts, maintaining
+ * the order of messages within each prompt.
+ *
+ * @example
+ * ```ts
+ * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+ *
+ * const systemPrompt = Prompt.make([{
+ *   role: "system",
+ *   content: "You are a helpful assistant."
+ * }])
+ *
+ * const userPrompt = Prompt.make("Hello, world!")
+ *
+ * const merged = Prompt.merge(systemPrompt, userPrompt)
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @since 1.0.0
+ * @category Combinators
+ */
+export const merge: {
+  // =============================================================================
+  // Merging Prompts
+  // =============================================================================
+
+  /**
+   * Merges two prompts by concatenating their messages.
+   *
+   * Creates a new prompt containing all messages from both prompts, maintaining
+   * the order of messages within each prompt.
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+   *
+   * const systemPrompt = Prompt.make([{
+   *   role: "system",
+   *   content: "You are a helpful assistant."
+   * }])
+   *
+   * const userPrompt = Prompt.make("Hello, world!")
+   *
+   * const merged = Prompt.merge(systemPrompt, userPrompt)
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @since 1.0.0
+   * @category Combinators
+   */
+  (other: Prompt): (self: Prompt) => Prompt
+  // =============================================================================
+  // Merging Prompts
+  // =============================================================================
+
+  /**
+   * Merges two prompts by concatenating their messages.
+   *
+   * Creates a new prompt containing all messages from both prompts, maintaining
+   * the order of messages within each prompt.
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+   *
+   * const systemPrompt = Prompt.make([{
+   *   role: "system",
+   *   content: "You are a helpful assistant."
+   * }])
+   *
+   * const userPrompt = Prompt.make("Hello, world!")
+   *
+   * const merged = Prompt.merge(systemPrompt, userPrompt)
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @since 1.0.0
+   * @category Combinators
+   */
+  (self: Prompt, other: Prompt): Prompt
+} = dual<
+  // =============================================================================
+  // Merging Prompts
+  // =============================================================================
+
+  /**
+   * Merges two prompts by concatenating their messages.
+   *
+   * Creates a new prompt containing all messages from both prompts, maintaining
+   * the order of messages within each prompt.
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+   *
+   * const systemPrompt = Prompt.make([{
+   *   role: "system",
+   *   content: "You are a helpful assistant."
+   * }])
+   *
+   * const userPrompt = Prompt.make("Hello, world!")
+   *
+   * const merged = Prompt.merge(systemPrompt, userPrompt)
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @since 1.0.0
+   * @category Combinators
+   */
+  (other: Prompt) => (self: Prompt) => Prompt,
+  // =============================================================================
+  // Merging Prompts
+  // =============================================================================
+
+  /**
+   * Merges two prompts by concatenating their messages.
+   *
+   * Creates a new prompt containing all messages from both prompts, maintaining
+   * the order of messages within each prompt.
+   *
+   * @example
+   * ```ts
+   * import { Prompt } from "@effect/ai"
+   *
+   * const systemPrompt = Prompt.make([{
+   *   role: "system",
+   *   content: "You are a helpful assistant."
+   * }])
+   *
+   * const userPrompt = Prompt.make("Hello, world!")
+   *
+   * const merged = Prompt.merge(systemPrompt, userPrompt)
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @since 1.0.0
+   * @category Combinators
+   */
+  (self: Prompt, other: Prompt) => Prompt
+>(2, (self, other) => fromMessages([...self.content, ...other.content]))