@dudousxd/nestjs-durable 0.21.0 → 0.22.1

package/skills/durable-workflows/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+---
+name: durable-workflows
+description: >
+  Author durable workflows with @dudousxd/nestjs-durable — @Workflow({ name, version }) classes with a
+  run(ctx, input) body, local ctx.step(name, fn, opts) checkpoints, typed remote steps via remoteStep
+  + ctx.call handled by @DurableStep('name'), step retries/backoff, FatalError to stop retrying,
+  Promise.all fan-out, saga compensate undo callbacks, and run tags. Covers step vs ctx.call vs
+  sub-process log.sub annotations and constructor dependency injection inside a workflow class.
+license: MIT
+metadata:
+  type: core
+  library: "@dudousxd/nestjs-durable"
+  library_version: 0.22.0
+  framework: nestjs
+---
+
+# Authoring durable workflows
+
+A workflow is a provider decorated with `@Workflow`; its `run(ctx, input)` method is the
+deterministic body the engine executes and replays. Work happens in **steps** — local
+(`ctx.step`) or remote (`ctx.call`) — each a durable checkpoint.
+
+## Setup
+
+```ts title="checkout.workflow.ts"
+import { Workflow, DurableStep } from '@dudousxd/nestjs-durable';
+import { remoteStep, FatalError } from '@dudousxd/nestjs-durable-core';
+import type { WorkflowCtx } from '@dudousxd/nestjs-durable-core';
+import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { z } from 'zod';
+
+// 1. A typed remote step: the `name` is the contract a handler registers under.
+export const chargeCard = remoteStep({
+  name: 'payments.charge-card',
+  input: z.object({ orderId: z.string(), amountCents: z.number().int() }),
+  output: z.object({ chargeId: z.string() }),
+  retries: 3,
+});
+
+// 2. The workflow — plain linear code; ctx primitives are the only durable surface.
+@Workflow({ name: 'checkout', version: '1' })
+export class CheckoutWorkflow {
+  constructor(private readonly inventory: InventoryService) {} // normal DI
+
+  async run(ctx: WorkflowCtx, order: { id: string; total: number }) {
+    // Local step: runs in-process, checkpointed, retried up to `retries`.
+    await ctx.step('reserveStock', () => this.inventory.reserve(order.id), { retries: 3 });
+    // Remote step: dispatched over the transport, may run in another process/language.
+    const charge = await ctx.call(chargeCard, { orderId: order.id, amountCents: order.total });
+    return { chargeId: charge.chargeId };
+  }
+}
+
+// 3. A provider method handles the remote step in-process (with an in-process transport).
+@Injectable()
+export class PaymentsWorker {
+  @DurableStep('payments.charge-card')
+  async charge(input: { orderId: string; amountCents: number }) {
+    return { chargeId: `ch_${input.orderId}` };
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Register all three as providers (see the durable-setup skill).
+
+## Core patterns
+
+### Local step vs remote step
+
+- `ctx.step(name, fn, opts?)` runs `fn` **here** and checkpoints its return value. Use for local IO
+  (DB writes, calling a service the app owns).
+- `ctx.call(remoteStep, input, opts?)` dispatches over the transport to a handler registered under
+  the same `name` (a `@DurableStep` method, another process, or a Python worker). Inputs/outputs are
+  validated against the `remoteStep` zod schemas at the boundary.
+
+Both are first-class checkpoints: on crash/replay a `completed` one returns its saved result instead
+of re-executing.
+
+### Retries, backoff, and FatalError
+
+Per-step retry config lives in `opts`; throw `FatalError` to stop retrying a business failure a retry
+can't fix.
+
+```ts
+await ctx.step('charge', async () => {
+  const res = await this.stripe.charge(order);
+  if (res.declined) throw new FatalError('card declined', 'declined'); // fails the run now
+  return res;
+}, { retries: 5, backoff: 'exp', backoffMs: 200, jitter: true });
+```
+
+`StepOptions` fields: `retries`, `backoff` (`'fixed'` | `'exp'`), `backoffMs`, `backoffMaxMs`,
+`jitter`, `timeoutMs` (remote liveness), `compensate` (saga).
+
+### Fan-out and sagas
+
+Run steps concurrently with `Promise.all` — each step's position is taken in the synchronous prefix,
+so replay stays deterministic:
+
+```ts
+const [a, b] = await Promise.all([
+  ctx.step('a', () => doA()),
+  ctx.step('b', () => doB()),
+]);
+```
+
+Register a saga `compensate` undo on a step; if the run later fails, compensations run in reverse:
+
+```ts
+await ctx.step('reserve', () => this.inventory.reserve(id), {
+  compensate: () => this.inventory.release(id), // runs on later run failure, newest-first
+});
+```
+
+### Steps vs sub-process events
+
+A `ctx.step` / `ctx.call` is a durable, independently-replayed checkpoint. For pure visibility
+*inside* one step, emit sub-process events on the step logger — they are annotations, not
+checkpoints, and re-run if the step retries:
+
+```ts
+await ctx.step('process-batch', async (log) => {
+  for (const item of batch) {
+    await handle(item);
+    log.sub(item.id, 'ok'); // shown under the step; NOT a separate checkpoint
+  }
+});
+```
+
+## Common mistakes
+
+### 1. Doing durable work directly in the body instead of in a step
+
+```ts
+// ✗ Wrong — the write re-runs on every replay (not checkpointed)
+async run(ctx, order) {
+  await this.db.insert(order);        // re-executed each recovery → duplicate rows
+  return { ok: true };
+}
+
+// ✓ Correct — wrap side effects in a step so they checkpoint and run exactly once logically
+async run(ctx, order) {
+  await ctx.step('persist', () => this.db.insert(order));
+  return { ok: true };
+}
+```
+
+Only `ctx.step`/`ctx.call`/`ctx.transaction` results are checkpointed; raw work in the body re-runs
+on replay. Source: website/content/docs/concepts/durability.mdx.
+
+### 2. Mismatching the remoteStep `name` and the @DurableStep handler
+
+```ts
+// ✗ Wrong — handler name ≠ the remoteStep name, so ctx.call(chargeCard) finds no handler
+export const chargeCard = remoteStep({ name: 'payments.charge-card', /* ... */ });
+@DurableStep('payments.charge')                 // typo / mismatch
+async charge(input) { /* ... */ }
+
+// ✓ Correct — the string is the contract; it must match byte-for-byte
+@DurableStep('payments.charge-card')
+async charge(input) { /* ... */ }
+```
+
+The `name` string is the routing contract between `remoteStep`/`ctx.call` and the handler.
+Source: packages/core/src/remote-step-factory.ts, packages/nestjs/src/decorators.ts (`DurableStep`).
+
+### 3. Throwing a plain Error when you meant to stop retrying
+
+```ts
+// ✗ Wrong — a plain Error is retried up to `retries`, wasting attempts on an unfixable failure
+await ctx.step('charge', async () => {
+  if (card.declined) throw new Error('declined'); // retried 5x
+}, { retries: 5 });
+
+// ✓ Correct — FatalError fails the run immediately, no further attempts
+import { FatalError } from '@dudousxd/nestjs-durable-core';
+await ctx.step('charge', async () => {
+  if (card.declined) throw new FatalError('declined', 'card_declined');
+}, { retries: 5 });
+```
+
+Any thrown error is retried to the step's limit; only `FatalError` short-circuits retries.
+Source: packages/core/src/workflow-ctx.ts (`step` retry loop), packages/core/src/errors.ts.