@ductape/sdk 0.0.4-v6 → 0.0.4-v60

package/dist/database/adapters/postgresql.adapter.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1434 @@
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * PostgreSQL Adapter
+ *
+ * Database adapter for PostgreSQL databases using the 'pg' library.
+ * Implements all methods from BaseAdapter with PostgreSQL-specific optimizations.
+ */
+var __createBinding = (this && this.__createBinding) || (Object.create ? (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    var desc = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(m, k);
+    if (!desc || ("get" in desc ? !m.__esModule : desc.writable || desc.configurable)) {
+      desc = { enumerable: true, get: function() { return m[k]; } };
+    }
+    Object.defineProperty(o, k2, desc);
+}) : (function(o, m, k, k2) {
+    if (k2 === undefined) k2 = k;
+    o[k2] = m[k];
+}));
+var __setModuleDefault = (this && this.__setModuleDefault) || (Object.create ? (function(o, v) {
+    Object.defineProperty(o, "default", { enumerable: true, value: v });
+}) : function(o, v) {
+    o["default"] = v;
+});
+var __importStar = (this && this.__importStar) || (function () {
+    var ownKeys = function(o) {
+        ownKeys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames || function (o) {
+            var ar = [];
+            for (var k in o) if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(o, k)) ar[ar.length] = k;
+            return ar;
+        };
+        return ownKeys(o);
+    };
+    return function (mod) {
+        if (mod && mod.__esModule) return mod;
+        var result = {};
+        if (mod != null) for (var k = ownKeys(mod), i = 0; i < k.length; i++) if (k[i] !== "default") __createBinding(result, mod, k[i]);
+        __setModuleDefault(result, mod);
+        return result;
+    };
+})();
+Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
+exports.PostgreSQLAdapter = void 0;
+const base_adapter_1 = require("./base.adapter");
+const enums_1 = require("../types/enums");
+const database_error_1 = require("../utils/database-error");
+/**
+ * PostgreSQL database adapter
+ * Provides PostgreSQL-specific implementations for all database operations
+ */
+class PostgreSQLAdapter extends base_adapter_1.BaseAdapter {
+    constructor() {
+        super(...arguments);
+        this.databaseType = enums_1.DatabaseType.POSTGRESQL;
+        this.pool = null;
+    }
+    // ==================== CONNECTION METHODS ====================
+    async connect(options) {
+        console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] connect() called`);
+        console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Options:`, JSON.stringify(Object.assign(Object.assign({}, options), { connectionUrl: '***REDACTED***' }), null, 2));
+        try {
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Importing 'pg' library...`);
+            // Dynamic import of pg to avoid bundling issues
+            const { Pool } = await Promise.resolve().then(() => __importStar(require('pg')));
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] 'pg' library imported successfully`);
+            this.connectionUrl = options.connectionUrl;
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Connection URL stored`);
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Connection URL length: ${options.connectionUrl.length}`);
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Connection URL parts:`, this.parseConnectionUrl(options.connectionUrl));
+            const poolConfig = {
+                connectionString: options.connectionUrl,
+                max: options.poolSize || 10,
+                idleTimeoutMillis: options.idleTimeout || 30000,
+                connectionTimeoutMillis: options.connectionTimeout || 5000,
+                ssl: options.ssl ? { rejectUnauthorized: false } : undefined,
+            };
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Pool config:`, JSON.stringify(Object.assign(Object.assign({}, poolConfig), { connectionString: '***REDACTED***' }), null, 2));
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Creating Pool instance...`);
+            this.pool = new Pool(poolConfig);
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Pool instance created`);
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Attempting to acquire client from pool...`);
+            // Test the connection
+            const client = await this.pool.connect();
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Client acquired successfully`);
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Executing version query...`);
+            const versionResult = await client.query('SELECT version()');
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Version query executed successfully`);
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Database version:`, versionResult.rows[0].version);
+            client.release();
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Client released back to pool`);
+            this.client = this.pool;
+            this.connected = true;
+            console.log(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Connection marked as connected`);
+            return {
+                connected: true,
+                version: versionResult.rows[0].version,
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            console.error(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Connection failed with error:`, error);
+            console.error(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Error type:`, error.constructor.name);
+            console.error(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Error message:`, error.message);
+            console.error(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Error code:`, error.code);
+            console.error(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Error errno:`, error.errno);
+            console.error(`[PostgreSQLAdapter] Full error:`, JSON.stringify(error, null, 2));
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.connectionError(`Failed to connect to PostgreSQL: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Helper method to parse and log connection URL components (safely)
+     */
+    parseConnectionUrl(url) {
+        try {
+            const urlObj = new URL(url);
+            return {
+                protocol: urlObj.protocol,
+                hostname: urlObj.hostname,
+                port: urlObj.port || 'default',
+                database: urlObj.pathname.substring(1),
+                username: urlObj.username || 'not specified',
+                hasPassword: !!urlObj.password,
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            return { error: 'Failed to parse URL', message: error.message };
+        }
+    }
+    async testConnection(options) {
+        try {
+            const { Pool } = await Promise.resolve().then(() => __importStar(require('pg')));
+            const pool = new Pool({
+                connectionString: options.connectionUrl,
+                max: 1,
+                connectionTimeoutMillis: options.connectionTimeout || 5000,
+            });
+            const client = await pool.connect();
+            const versionResult = await client.query('SELECT version()');
+            client.release();
+            await pool.end();
+            return {
+                connected: true,
+                version: versionResult.rows[0].version,
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            return {
+                connected: false,
+            };
+        }
+    }
+    async disconnect() {
+        if (this.pool) {
+            await this.pool.end();
+            this.pool = null;
+            this.client = null;
+            this.connected = false;
+        }
+    }
+    // ==================== QUERY METHODS ====================
+    async query(query) {
+        var _a, _b, _c;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = query.options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            const result = await client.query(query.sql, query.params);
+            // Get total count if needed for pagination
+            let count = result.rows.length;
+            if (query.options.limit || query.options.offset) {
+                const countSql = this.buildCountQuery(query);
+                // Calculate how many params to remove based on actual pagination options
+                let paramsToRemove = 0;
+                if (query.options.limit !== undefined)
+                    paramsToRemove++;
+                if (query.options.offset !== undefined)
+                    paramsToRemove++;
+                const countParams = paramsToRemove > 0 ? (_b = query.params) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.slice(0, -paramsToRemove) : query.params;
+                const countResult = await client.query(countSql, countParams);
+                count = parseInt(countResult.rows[0].count, 10);
+            }
+            return {
+                data: result.rows,
+                count,
+                fields: (_c = result.fields) === null || _c === void 0 ? void 0 : _c.map((f) => f.name),
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async raw(options) {
+        var _a, _b;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            const result = await client.query(options.query, options.params);
+            return {
+                data: result.rows,
+                count: result.rowCount || result.rows.length,
+                fields: (_b = result.fields) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.map((f) => f.name),
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    // ==================== WRITE METHODS ====================
+    async insert(options) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            const data = Array.isArray(options.data) ? options.data : [options.data];
+            if (data.length === 0) {
+                return { data: [], count: 0, insertedIds: [] };
+            }
+            const columns = Object.keys(data[0]);
+            const values = [];
+            const valuePlaceholders = [];
+            data.forEach((record, rowIndex) => {
+                const rowPlaceholders = [];
+                columns.forEach((col, colIndex) => {
+                    values.push(record[col]);
+                    rowPlaceholders.push(`$${rowIndex * columns.length + colIndex + 1}`);
+                });
+                valuePlaceholders.push(`(${rowPlaceholders.join(', ')})`);
+            });
+            let sql = `INSERT INTO ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.table)} (${columns.map(c => this.escapeIdentifier(c)).join(', ')}) VALUES ${valuePlaceholders.join(', ')}`;
+            // Handle ON CONFLICT (upsert)
+            if (options.onConflict) {
+                const conflictColumns = options.onConflict.columns.map(c => this.escapeIdentifier(c)).join(', ');
+                if (options.onConflict.action === 'ignore') {
+                    sql += ` ON CONFLICT (${conflictColumns}) DO NOTHING`;
+                }
+                else if (options.onConflict.action === 'update' && options.onConflict.update) {
+                    const updates = options.onConflict.update.map(col => `${this.escapeIdentifier(col)} = EXCLUDED.${this.escapeIdentifier(col)}`).join(', ');
+                    sql += ` ON CONFLICT (${conflictColumns}) DO UPDATE SET ${updates}`;
+                }
+            }
+            // Always use RETURNING * to get all columns including the primary key
+            // This avoids assuming the primary key column is named 'id'
+            sql += ' RETURNING *';
+            const result = await client.query(sql, values);
+            // Try to extract the primary key value from returned rows
+            // Look for common primary key column names if 'id' doesn't exist
+            const insertedIds = result.rows.map((r) => {
+                // Try common primary key column names in order of likelihood
+                if (r.id !== undefined)
+                    return r.id;
+                if (r._id !== undefined)
+                    return r._id;
+                if (r.uuid !== undefined)
+                    return r.uuid;
+                // Fall back to first column value as a reasonable guess for serial PKs
+                const keys = Object.keys(r);
+                return keys.length > 0 ? r[keys[0]] : undefined;
+            });
+            return {
+                data: options.returning ? result.rows : [],
+                count: result.rowCount || data.length,
+                insertedIds,
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async update(options) {
+        var _a, _b, _c, _d, _e, _f, _g, _h, _j, _k, _l;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            const setClauses = [];
+            const values = [];
+            let paramIndex = 1;
+            // Build SET clause
+            for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(options.data)) {
+                if (value && typeof value === 'object' && this.isUpdateOperator(value)) {
+                    // Handle update operators - support both lowercase (new) and uppercase (legacy)
+                    if ('$inc' in value || '$INC' in value) {
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = ${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} + $${paramIndex}`);
+                        values.push((_b = value.$inc) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : value.$INC);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if ('$dec' in value || '$DEC' in value) {
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = ${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} - $${paramIndex}`);
+                        values.push((_c = value.$dec) !== null && _c !== void 0 ? _c : value.$DEC);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if ('$mul' in value || '$MUL' in value) {
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = ${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} * $${paramIndex}`);
+                        values.push((_d = value.$mul) !== null && _d !== void 0 ? _d : value.$MUL);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if ('$min' in value || '$MIN' in value) {
+                        // LEAST function for minimum
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = LEAST(${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}, $${paramIndex})`);
+                        values.push((_e = value.$min) !== null && _e !== void 0 ? _e : value.$MIN);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if ('$max' in value || '$MAX' in value) {
+                        // GREATEST function for maximum
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = GREATEST(${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}, $${paramIndex})`);
+                        values.push((_f = value.$max) !== null && _f !== void 0 ? _f : value.$MAX);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if ('$set' in value || '$SET' in value) {
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = $${paramIndex}`);
+                        values.push((_g = value.$set) !== null && _g !== void 0 ? _g : value.$SET);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if (('$unset' in value && value.$unset) || ('$UNSET' in value && value.$UNSET)) {
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = NULL`);
+                        // No paramIndex increment needed for NULL
+                    }
+                    else if ('$push' in value || '$PUSH' in value) {
+                        // Array append for PostgreSQL (column must be array type)
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = array_append(${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}, $${paramIndex})`);
+                        values.push((_h = value.$push) !== null && _h !== void 0 ? _h : value.$PUSH);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if ('$pull' in value || '$PULL' in value) {
+                        // Array remove for PostgreSQL (column must be array type)
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = array_remove(${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}, $${paramIndex})`);
+                        values.push((_j = value.$pull) !== null && _j !== void 0 ? _j : value.$PULL);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if ('$addToSet' in value || '$ADDTOSET' in value) {
+                        // Add unique value to array - use CASE to check existence first
+                        const addValue = (_k = value.$addToSet) !== null && _k !== void 0 ? _k : value.$ADDTOSET;
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = CASE WHEN $${paramIndex} = ANY(${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}) THEN ${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} ELSE array_append(${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}, $${paramIndex}) END`);
+                        values.push(addValue);
+                        paramIndex++;
+                    }
+                    else if ('$pop' in value || '$POP' in value) {
+                        const popVal = (_l = value.$pop) !== null && _l !== void 0 ? _l : value.$POP;
+                        // Pop from beginning or end of array
+                        if (popVal === -1) {
+                            setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = ${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}[2:]`);
+                        }
+                        else {
+                            setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = ${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}[1:array_length(${this.escapeIdentifier(key)}, 1)-1]`);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if ('$currentDate' in value || '$CURRENTDATE' in value) {
+                        setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = NOW()`);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    setClauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = $${paramIndex}`);
+                    values.push(value);
+                    paramIndex++;
+                }
+            }
+            let sql = `UPDATE ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.table)} SET ${setClauses.join(', ')}`;
+            // Build WHERE clause
+            if (options.where) {
+                const { whereClause, whereParams } = this.buildWhereClause(options.where, paramIndex);
+                sql += ` WHERE ${whereClause}`;
+                values.push(...whereParams);
+            }
+            // Add RETURNING if requested
+            if (options.returning) {
+                sql += ' RETURNING *';
+            }
+            const result = await client.query(sql, values);
+            return {
+                data: options.returning ? result.rows : [],
+                count: result.rowCount || 0,
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async delete(options) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            let sql = `DELETE FROM ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.table)}`;
+            const values = [];
+            // Build WHERE clause
+            if (options.where) {
+                const { whereClause, whereParams } = this.buildWhereClause(options.where, 1);
+                sql += ` WHERE ${whereClause}`;
+                values.push(...whereParams);
+            }
+            // Add RETURNING if requested
+            if (options.returning) {
+                sql += ' RETURNING *';
+            }
+            const result = await client.query(sql, values);
+            return {
+                count: result.rowCount || 0,
+                data: options.returning ? result.rows : undefined,
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async upsert(options) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const insertResult = await this.insert(Object.assign(Object.assign({}, options), { onConflict: {
+                    columns: options.conflictKeys,
+                    action: 'update',
+                    update: options.updateColumns || Object.keys(options.data).filter(k => !options.conflictKeys.includes(k)),
+                }, returning: true }));
+            // Determine if it was an insert or update
+            // PostgreSQL doesn't directly tell us, so we check xmax
+            const operation = 'upserted'; // Simplified - PostgreSQL doesn't easily distinguish
+            return {
+                data: insertResult.data,
+                count: insertResult.count,
+                operation: insertResult.count > 0 ? 'inserted' : 'updated',
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    // ==================== AGGREGATION METHODS ====================
+    async count(options) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            const column = options.column ? this.escapeIdentifier(options.column) : '*';
+            const distinctPrefix = options.distinct ? 'DISTINCT ' : '';
+            let sql = `SELECT COUNT(${distinctPrefix}${column}) as count FROM ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.table)}`;
+            const values = [];
+            if (options.where) {
+                const { whereClause, whereParams } = this.buildWhereClause(options.where, 1);
+                sql += ` WHERE ${whereClause}`;
+                values.push(...whereParams);
+            }
+            const result = await client.query(sql, values);
+            return parseInt(result.rows[0].count, 10);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async sum(options) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            let sql = `SELECT COALESCE(SUM(${this.escapeIdentifier(options.column)}), 0) as sum FROM ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.table)}`;
+            const values = [];
+            if (options.where) {
+                const { whereClause, whereParams } = this.buildWhereClause(options.where, 1);
+                sql += ` WHERE ${whereClause}`;
+                values.push(...whereParams);
+            }
+            const result = await client.query(sql, values);
+            return parseFloat(result.rows[0].sum);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async avg(options) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            let sql = `SELECT COALESCE(AVG(${this.escapeIdentifier(options.column)}), 0) as avg FROM ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.table)}`;
+            const values = [];
+            if (options.where) {
+                const { whereClause, whereParams } = this.buildWhereClause(options.where, 1);
+                sql += ` WHERE ${whereClause}`;
+                values.push(...whereParams);
+            }
+            const result = await client.query(sql, values);
+            return parseFloat(result.rows[0].avg);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async min(options) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            let sql = `SELECT MIN(${this.escapeIdentifier(options.column)}) as min FROM ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.table)}`;
+            const values = [];
+            if (options.where) {
+                const { whereClause, whereParams } = this.buildWhereClause(options.where, 1);
+                sql += ` WHERE ${whereClause}`;
+                values.push(...whereParams);
+            }
+            const result = await client.query(sql, values);
+            return result.rows[0].min;
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async max(options) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            let sql = `SELECT MAX(${this.escapeIdentifier(options.column)}) as max FROM ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.table)}`;
+            const values = [];
+            if (options.where) {
+                const { whereClause, whereParams } = this.buildWhereClause(options.where, 1);
+                sql += ` WHERE ${whereClause}`;
+                values.push(...whereParams);
+            }
+            const result = await client.query(sql, values);
+            return result.rows[0].max;
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async aggregate(builtAggregation) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = builtAggregation.options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            const result = await client.query(builtAggregation.sql, builtAggregation.params);
+            return result.rows[0] || {};
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    async groupBy(builtGroupBy) {
+        var _a;
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = ((_a = builtGroupBy.options.transaction) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.client) || this.pool;
+            const result = await client.query(builtGroupBy.sql, builtGroupBy.params);
+            // Transform rows into IGroupByResult format
+            const options = builtGroupBy.options;
+            return result.rows.map((row) => {
+                var _a;
+                const group = {};
+                const aggregates = {};
+                for (const key of Object.keys(row)) {
+                    if ((_a = options.groupBy) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.includes(key)) {
+                        group[key] = row[key];
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        aggregates[key] = row[key];
+                    }
+                }
+                return { group, aggregates: aggregates };
+            });
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.fromDatabaseError(error, 'postgresql');
+        }
+    }
+    // ==================== TRANSACTION METHODS ====================
+    async beginTransaction(isolationLevel, readOnly, timeout) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const client = await this.pool.connect();
+            const id = `pg_txn_${Date.now()}_${Math.random().toString(36).substr(2, 9)}`;
+            // Build BEGIN statement with isolation level
+            let beginSql = 'BEGIN';
+            if (isolationLevel) {
+                beginSql += ` ISOLATION LEVEL ${this.mapIsolationLevel(isolationLevel)}`;
+            }
+            if (readOnly) {
+                beginSql += ' READ ONLY';
+            }
+            await client.query(beginSql);
+            // Set statement timeout if specified
+            if (timeout) {
+                await client.query(`SET LOCAL statement_timeout = ${timeout}`);
+            }
+            return {
+                id,
+                databaseType: 'postgresql',
+                isolationLevel: isolationLevel || enums_1.IsolationLevel.READ_COMMITTED,
+                readOnly: readOnly || false,
+                timeout,
+                startedAt: new Date(),
+                client,
+                savepoints: new Map(),
+                status: 'active',
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.transactionError(`Failed to begin transaction: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async commitTransaction(context) {
+        try {
+            await context.client.query('COMMIT');
+            context.client.release();
+            context.status = 'committed';
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            context.status = 'error';
+            context.client.release();
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.transactionError(`Failed to commit transaction: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async rollbackTransaction(context) {
+        try {
+            await context.client.query('ROLLBACK');
+            context.client.release();
+            context.status = 'rolled_back';
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            context.status = 'error';
+            context.client.release();
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.transactionError(`Failed to rollback transaction: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async createSavepoint(context, name) {
+        try {
+            await context.client.query(`SAVEPOINT ${this.escapeIdentifier(name)}`);
+            const savepoint = {
+                name,
+                release: async () => {
+                    await this.releaseSavepoint(context, savepoint);
+                },
+                rollback: async () => {
+                    await this.rollbackToSavepoint(context, savepoint);
+                },
+            };
+            context.savepoints.set(name, savepoint);
+            return savepoint;
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.transactionError(`Failed to create savepoint: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async releaseSavepoint(context, savepoint) {
+        try {
+            await context.client.query(`RELEASE SAVEPOINT ${this.escapeIdentifier(savepoint.name)}`);
+            context.savepoints.delete(savepoint.name);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.transactionError(`Failed to release savepoint: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async rollbackToSavepoint(context, savepoint) {
+        try {
+            await context.client.query(`ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT ${this.escapeIdentifier(savepoint.name)}`);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.transactionError(`Failed to rollback to savepoint: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    supportsSavepoints() {
+        return true;
+    }
+    // ==================== SCHEMA METHODS ====================
+    async createTable(definition, options) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const columnDefs = definition.columns.map(col => this.buildColumnDefinition(col)).join(', ');
+            let sql = 'CREATE';
+            if (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.temporary)
+                sql += ' TEMPORARY';
+            if (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.unlogged)
+                sql += ' UNLOGGED';
+            sql += ' TABLE';
+            if (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.ifNotExists)
+                sql += ' IF NOT EXISTS';
+            sql += ` ${this.escapeIdentifier(definition.name)} (${columnDefs}`;
+            // Add table constraints
+            if (definition.constraints) {
+                const constraintDefs = definition.constraints.map(c => this.buildConstraintDefinition(c)).join(', ');
+                sql += `, ${constraintDefs}`;
+            }
+            sql += ')';
+            // Add inheritance
+            if (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.inherits) {
+                sql += ` INHERITS (${this.escapeIdentifier(options.inherits)})`;
+            }
+            // Add tablespace
+            if (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.tablespace) {
+                sql += ` TABLESPACE ${this.escapeIdentifier(options.tablespace)}`;
+            }
+            await this.pool.query(sql);
+            // Add table comment
+            if (definition.comment) {
+                await this.pool.query(`COMMENT ON TABLE ${this.escapeIdentifier(definition.name)} IS ${this.escapeValue(definition.comment)}`);
+            }
+            // Create indexes
+            if (definition.indexes) {
+                for (const index of definition.indexes) {
+                    await this.createIndex(index);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to create table: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async alterTable(tableName, operations) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            for (const op of operations) {
+                let sql = `ALTER TABLE ${this.escapeIdentifier(tableName)}`;
+                switch (op.type) {
+                    case 'ADD':
+                        if (op.column) {
+                            sql += ` ADD COLUMN ${this.buildColumnDefinition(op.column)}`;
+                        }
+                        else if (op.constraint) {
+                            sql += ` ADD ${this.buildConstraintDefinition(op.constraint)}`;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case 'DROP':
+                        if (op.columnName) {
+                            sql += ` DROP COLUMN ${this.escapeIdentifier(op.columnName)}`;
+                        }
+                        else if (op.constraintName) {
+                            sql += ` DROP CONSTRAINT ${this.escapeIdentifier(op.constraintName)}`;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case 'MODIFY':
+                        if (op.column) {
+                            // PostgreSQL uses ALTER COLUMN for modifications
+                            const col = op.column;
+                            if (col.type) {
+                                sql += ` ALTER COLUMN ${this.escapeIdentifier(col.name)} TYPE ${this.getColumnTypeString(col.type, col)}`;
+                            }
+                            if (col.nullable !== undefined) {
+                                if (col.nullable) {
+                                    sql += ` ALTER COLUMN ${this.escapeIdentifier(col.name)} DROP NOT NULL`;
+                                }
+                                else {
+                                    sql += ` ALTER COLUMN ${this.escapeIdentifier(col.name)} SET NOT NULL`;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            if (col.defaultValue !== undefined) {
+                                sql += ` ALTER COLUMN ${this.escapeIdentifier(col.name)} SET DEFAULT ${this.escapeValue(col.defaultValue)}`;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    case 'RENAME':
+                        if (op.oldName && op.newName) {
+                            sql += ` RENAME COLUMN ${this.escapeIdentifier(op.oldName)} TO ${this.escapeIdentifier(op.newName)}`;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                }
+                await this.pool.query(sql);
+            }
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to alter table: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async dropTable(tableName, ifExists, cascade) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            let sql = 'DROP TABLE';
+            if (ifExists)
+                sql += ' IF EXISTS';
+            sql += ` ${this.escapeIdentifier(tableName)}`;
+            if (cascade)
+                sql += ' CASCADE';
+            await this.pool.query(sql);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to drop table: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async listTables() {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const result = await this.pool.query(`
+        SELECT tablename FROM pg_tables
+        WHERE schemaname = 'public'
+        ORDER BY tablename
+      `);
+            return result.rows.map((r) => r.tablename);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to list tables: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async tableExists(tableName) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            const result = await this.pool.query(`
+        SELECT EXISTS (
+          SELECT FROM pg_tables
+          WHERE schemaname = 'public' AND tablename = $1
+        )
+      `, [tableName]);
+            return result.rows[0].exists;
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to check table existence: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async getTableSchema(tableName) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            // Get columns
+            const columnsResult = await this.pool.query(`
+        SELECT
+          column_name as name,
+          data_type as type,
+          is_nullable = 'YES' as nullable,
+          column_default as default_value,
+          character_maximum_length as max_length,
+          numeric_precision as precision,
+          numeric_scale as scale
+        FROM information_schema.columns
+        WHERE table_schema = 'public' AND table_name = $1
+        ORDER BY ordinal_position
+      `, [tableName]);
+            // Get primary key
+            const pkResult = await this.pool.query(`
+        SELECT a.attname as column_name
+        FROM pg_index i
+        JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = i.indrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(i.indkey)
+        WHERE i.indrelid = $1::regclass AND i.indisprimary
+      `, [tableName]);
+            const primaryKey = pkResult.rows.map((r) => r.column_name);
+            // Get indexes
+            const indexes = await this.listIndexes(tableName);
+            // Get constraints
+            const constraintsResult = await this.pool.query(`
+        SELECT
+          con.conname as name,
+          CASE con.contype
+            WHEN 'p' THEN 'PRIMARY KEY'
+            WHEN 'f' THEN 'FOREIGN KEY'
+            WHEN 'u' THEN 'UNIQUE'
+            WHEN 'c' THEN 'CHECK'
+          END as type,
+          ARRAY(
+            SELECT a.attname
+            FROM unnest(con.conkey) WITH ORDINALITY AS k(key, ord)
+            JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attnum = k.key AND a.attrelid = con.conrelid
+            ORDER BY k.ord
+          ) as columns,
+          pg_get_constraintdef(con.oid) as definition
+        FROM pg_constraint con
+        JOIN pg_namespace nsp ON nsp.oid = con.connamespace
+        WHERE con.conrelid = $1::regclass AND nsp.nspname = 'public'
+      `, [tableName]);
+            const columns = columnsResult.rows.map((col) => {
+                var _a;
+                return ({
+                    name: col.name,
+                    type: col.type,
+                    nullable: col.nullable,
+                    defaultValue: col.default_value,
+                    isPrimaryKey: primaryKey.includes(col.name),
+                    isUnique: false, // Would need additional query
+                    isAutoIncrement: (_a = col.default_value) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.includes('nextval'),
+                    maxLength: col.max_length,
+                    precision: col.precision,
+                    scale: col.scale,
+                });
+            });
+            const constraints = constraintsResult.rows.map((c) => ({
+                name: c.name,
+                type: c.type,
+                columns: c.columns,
+                expression: c.definition,
+            }));
+            return {
+                name: tableName,
+                schema: 'public',
+                columns,
+                indexes,
+                constraints,
+                primaryKey: primaryKey.length > 0 ? primaryKey : undefined,
+            };
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to get table schema: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async createIndex(index, ifNotExists, concurrent) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            let sql = 'CREATE';
+            if (index.unique)
+                sql += ' UNIQUE';
+            sql += ' INDEX';
+            if (concurrent)
+                sql += ' CONCURRENTLY';
+            if (ifNotExists)
+                sql += ' IF NOT EXISTS';
+            sql += ` ${this.escapeIdentifier(index.name)} ON ${this.escapeIdentifier(index.table)}`;
+            // Add index method
+            if (index.method) {
+                sql += ` USING ${index.method}`;
+            }
+            // Add columns
+            const columnDefs = index.columns.map(col => {
+                let def = this.escapeIdentifier(col.name);
+                if (col.order)
+                    def += ` ${col.order}`;
+                if (col.nulls)
+                    def += ` NULLS ${col.nulls}`;
+                if (col.opclass)
+                    def += ` ${col.opclass}`;
+                return def;
+            }).join(', ');
+            sql += ` (${columnDefs})`;
+            // Add include columns (covering index)
+            if (index.include && index.include.length > 0) {
+                sql += ` INCLUDE (${index.include.map(c => this.escapeIdentifier(c)).join(', ')})`;
+            }
+            // Add partial index condition
+            if (index.where) {
+                sql += ` WHERE ${index.where}`;
+            }
+            await this.pool.query(sql);
+            // Add comment
+            if (index.comment) {
+                await this.pool.query(`COMMENT ON INDEX ${this.escapeIdentifier(index.name)} IS ${this.escapeValue(index.comment)}`);
+            }
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to create index: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async dropIndex(tableName, indexName, ifExists, concurrent, cascade) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            let sql = 'DROP INDEX';
+            if (concurrent)
+                sql += ' CONCURRENTLY';
+            if (ifExists)
+                sql += ' IF EXISTS';
+            sql += ` ${this.escapeIdentifier(indexName)}`;
+            if (cascade)
+                sql += ' CASCADE';
+            await this.pool.query(sql);
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to drop index: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async listIndexes(tableName, includeSystem) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            let sql = `
+        SELECT
+          i.relname as name,
+          t.relname as table,
+          ARRAY(
+            SELECT a.attname
+            FROM unnest(ix.indkey) WITH ORDINALITY AS k(key, ord)
+            JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attnum = k.key AND a.attrelid = ix.indrelid
+            ORDER BY k.ord
+          ) as columns,
+          ix.indisunique as unique,
+          ix.indisprimary as primary_key,
+          am.amname as type,
+          pg_relation_size(i.oid) as size,
+          pg_get_indexdef(ix.indexrelid) as definition
+        FROM pg_index ix
+        JOIN pg_class i ON i.oid = ix.indexrelid
+        JOIN pg_class t ON t.oid = ix.indrelid
+        JOIN pg_am am ON am.oid = i.relam
+        JOIN pg_namespace n ON n.oid = t.relnamespace
+        WHERE t.relname = $1 AND n.nspname = 'public'
+      `;
+            if (!includeSystem) {
+                sql += ` AND NOT i.relname LIKE 'pg_%'`;
+            }
+            const result = await this.pool.query(sql, [tableName]);
+            return result.rows.map((row) => ({
+                name: row.name,
+                table: row.table,
+                columns: row.columns,
+                unique: row.unique,
+                primaryKey: row.primary_key,
+                type: row.type,
+                size: parseInt(row.size, 10),
+            }));
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to list indexes: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    async getIndexStatistics(tableName, indexName) {
+        this.ensureConnected();
+        try {
+            let sql = `
+        SELECT
+          indexrelname as index_name,
+          relname as table_name,
+          idx_scan as scans,
+          idx_tup_read as tuples_read,
+          idx_tup_fetch as tuples_fetched,
+          pg_relation_size(indexrelid) as size_bytes,
+          pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(indexrelid)) as size_formatted
+        FROM pg_stat_user_indexes
+        WHERE relname = $1
+      `;
+            const params = [tableName];
+            if (indexName) {
+                sql += ` AND indexrelname = $2`;
+                params.push(indexName);
+            }
+            const result = await this.pool.query(sql, params);
+            return result.rows.map((row) => ({
+                indexName: row.index_name,
+                tableName: row.table_name,
+                scans: parseInt(row.scans, 10),
+                tuplesRead: parseInt(row.tuples_read, 10),
+                tuplesFetched: parseInt(row.tuples_fetched, 10),
+                sizeBytes: parseInt(row.size_bytes, 10),
+                sizeFormatted: row.size_formatted,
+            }));
+        }
+        catch (error) {
+            throw database_error_1.DatabaseError.schemaError(`Failed to get index statistics: ${error.message}`, error);
+        }
+    }
+    // ==================== UTILITY METHODS ====================
+    escapeIdentifier(identifier) {
+        // PostgreSQL uses double quotes for identifiers
+        return `"${identifier.replace(/"/g, '""')}"`;
+    }
+    escapeValue(value) {
+        if (value === null || value === undefined) {
+            return 'NULL';
+        }
+        if (typeof value === 'number') {
+            return String(value);
+        }
+        if (typeof value === 'boolean') {
+            return value ? 'TRUE' : 'FALSE';
+        }
+        if (value instanceof Date) {
+            return `'${value.toISOString()}'`;
+        }
+        if (typeof value === 'object') {
+            return `'${JSON.stringify(value).replace(/'/g, "''")}'::jsonb`;
+        }
+        // String - escape single quotes
+        return `'${String(value).replace(/'/g, "''")}'`;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Check if value is an update operator object
+     * Supports both lowercase (new) and uppercase (legacy) operators
+     */
+    isUpdateOperator(value) {
+        if (!value || typeof value !== 'object')
+            return false;
+        // Support both lowercase (Mongoose style) and uppercase (legacy) operators
+        const operators = [
+            '$inc', '$INC', '$dec', '$DEC', '$mul', '$MUL', '$min', '$MIN', '$max', '$MAX',
+            '$set', '$SET', '$unset', '$UNSET', '$push', '$PUSH', '$pull', '$PULL',
+            '$addToSet', '$ADDTOSET', '$pop', '$POP', '$currentDate', '$CURRENTDATE'
+        ];
+        return operators.some(op => op in value);
+    }
+    getParameterPlaceholder(index) {
+        // PostgreSQL uses $1, $2, $3, etc.
+        return `$${index}`;
+    }
+    getColumnTypeString(columnType, options) {
+        const typeMap = {
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.INTEGER]: 'INTEGER',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.BIGINT]: 'BIGINT',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.SMALLINT]: 'SMALLINT',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.FLOAT]: 'REAL',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.DOUBLE]: 'DOUBLE PRECISION',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.DECIMAL]: (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.precision)
+                ? `NUMERIC(${options.precision}${options.scale ? `, ${options.scale}` : ''})`
+                : 'NUMERIC',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.STRING]: (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.maxLength) ? `VARCHAR(${options.maxLength})` : 'VARCHAR(255)',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.TEXT]: 'TEXT',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.BOOLEAN]: 'BOOLEAN',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.DATE]: 'DATE',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.DATETIME]: 'TIMESTAMP',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.TIMESTAMP]: 'TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.TIME]: 'TIME',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.JSON]: 'JSON',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.JSONB]: 'JSONB',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.UUID]: 'UUID',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.BINARY]: 'BYTEA',
+            // ENUM type - returns VARCHAR, CHECK constraint is added in buildColumnDefinition
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.ENUM]: 'VARCHAR(255)',
+            [enums_1.ColumnType.ARRAY]: (options === null || options === void 0 ? void 0 : options.arrayType) ? `${options.arrayType}[]` : 'TEXT[]',
+        };
+        return typeMap[columnType] || columnType;
+    }
+    getSupportedFeatures() {
+        return [
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.TRANSACTIONS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.SAVEPOINTS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.JSONB,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.JSON,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.ARRAYS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.UUID,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.FULLTEXT_SEARCH,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.GIN_INDEX,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.GIST_INDEX,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.HASH_INDEX,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.PARTIAL_INDEX,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.COVERING_INDEX,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.CONCURRENT_INDEX,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.CTE,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.WINDOW_FUNCTIONS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.RETURNING,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.UPSERT,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.FOREIGN_KEYS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.CHECK_CONSTRAINTS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.STORED_PROCEDURES,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.VIEWS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.MATERIALIZED_VIEWS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.TRIGGERS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.SCHEMAS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.TABLE_INHERITANCE,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.LIKE,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.ILIKE,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.REGEX,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.BETWEEN,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.ARRAY_CONTAINS,
+            base_adapter_1.DatabaseFeature.LIMIT_OFFSET,
+        ];
+    }
+    parseError(error) {
+        const code = error.code;
+        let type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+        // Map PostgreSQL error codes
+        switch (code) {
+            case '23505':
+                type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.UNIQUE_VIOLATION;
+                break;
+            case '23503':
+                type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.FOREIGN_KEY_VIOLATION;
+                break;
+            case '23502':
+                type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.NOT_NULL_VIOLATION;
+                break;
+            case '23514':
+                type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.CHECK_VIOLATION;
+                break;
+            case '08000':
+            case '08003':
+            case '08006':
+                type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.CONNECTION_ERROR;
+                break;
+            case '42P01':
+            case '42703':
+                type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.SCHEMA_ERROR;
+                break;
+            case '28000':
+            case '28P01':
+                type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.AUTHENTICATION_ERROR;
+                break;
+            default:
+                if (code === null || code === void 0 ? void 0 : code.startsWith('42')) {
+                    type = enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.QUERY_ERROR;
+                }
+        }
+        return {
+            type,
+            message: error.message || 'Unknown database error',
+            code,
+            details: {
+                constraint: error.constraint,
+                table: error.table,
+                column: error.column,
+                detail: error.detail,
+                hint: error.hint,
+            },
+        };
+    }
+    // ==================== PRIVATE HELPER METHODS ====================
+    ensureConnected() {
+        if (!this.connected || !this.pool) {
+            throw new database_error_1.DatabaseError('Not connected to PostgreSQL database', enums_1.DatabaseErrorType.CONNECTION_ERROR);
+        }
+    }
+    buildWhereClause(where, startIndex) {
+        const clauses = [];
+        const params = [];
+        let paramIndex = startIndex;
+        for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(where)) {
+            // Normalize key to lowercase for logical operators (support both cases for backwards compatibility)
+            const normalizedKey = key.toLowerCase();
+            if (normalizedKey === '$and') {
+                const conditions = Array.isArray(value) ? value : [value];
+                const andClauses = [];
+                for (const cond of conditions) {
+                    const andResult = this.buildWhereClause(cond, paramIndex);
+                    andClauses.push(andResult.whereClause);
+                    params.push(...andResult.whereParams);
+                    paramIndex += andResult.whereParams.length;
+                }
+                clauses.push(`(${andClauses.join(' AND ')})`);
+            }
+            else if (normalizedKey === '$or') {
+                const conditions = Array.isArray(value) ? value : Object.entries(value).map(([k, v]) => ({ [k]: v }));
+                const orClauses = [];
+                for (const cond of conditions) {
+                    const orResult = this.buildWhereClause(cond, paramIndex);
+                    orClauses.push(orResult.whereClause);
+                    params.push(...orResult.whereParams);
+                    paramIndex += orResult.whereParams.length;
+                }
+                clauses.push(`(${orClauses.join(' OR ')})`);
+            }
+            else if (normalizedKey === '$not') {
+                const notResult = this.buildWhereClause(value, paramIndex);
+                clauses.push(`NOT (${notResult.whereClause})`);
+                params.push(...notResult.whereParams);
+                paramIndex += notResult.whereParams.length;
+            }
+            else if (normalizedKey === '$nor') {
+                const conditions = Array.isArray(value) ? value : [value];
+                const norClauses = [];
+                for (const cond of conditions) {
+                    const norResult = this.buildWhereClause(cond, paramIndex);
+                    norClauses.push(norResult.whereClause);
+                    params.push(...norResult.whereParams);
+                    paramIndex += norResult.whereParams.length;
+                }
+                clauses.push(`NOT (${norClauses.join(' OR ')})`);
+            }
+            else if (value !== null && typeof value === 'object' && !Array.isArray(value) && !(value instanceof Date)) {
+                // Handle operators
+                for (const [op, opValue] of Object.entries(value)) {
+                    // Normalize operator to lowercase (support both cases for backwards compatibility)
+                    const normalizedOp = op.toLowerCase();
+                    switch (normalizedOp) {
+                        case '$eq':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$ne':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} != $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$gt':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} > $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$gte':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} >= $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$lt':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} < $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$lte':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} <= $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$in':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = ANY($${paramIndex})`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$nin':
+                        case '$not_in':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} != ALL($${paramIndex})`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$like':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} LIKE $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$ilike':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} ILIKE $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$isnull':
+                        case '$is_null':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} IS ${opValue ? 'NULL' : 'NOT NULL'}`);
+                            break;
+                        case '$isnotnull':
+                        case '$is_not_null':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} IS ${opValue ? 'NOT NULL' : 'NULL'}`);
+                            break;
+                        case '$between':
+                            const [min, max] = opValue;
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} BETWEEN $${paramIndex} AND $${paramIndex + 1}`);
+                            params.push(min, max);
+                            paramIndex += 2;
+                            break;
+                        case '$contains':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} @> $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$containedby':
+                        case '$contained_by':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} <@ $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$overlaps':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} && $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$regex':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} ~ $${paramIndex}`);
+                            params.push(opValue);
+                            paramIndex++;
+                            break;
+                        case '$exists':
+                            clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} IS ${opValue ? 'NOT NULL' : 'NULL'}`);
+                            break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                // Simple equality
+                clauses.push(`${this.escapeIdentifier(key)} = $${paramIndex}`);
+                params.push(value);
+                paramIndex++;
+            }
+        }
+        return {
+            whereClause: clauses.join(' AND '),
+            whereParams: params,
+        };
+    }
+    buildCountQuery(query) {
+        // Build a COUNT query from the original query
+        const fromIndex = query.sql.toUpperCase().indexOf('FROM');
+        const orderByIndex = query.sql.toUpperCase().indexOf('ORDER BY');
+        const limitIndex = query.sql.toUpperCase().indexOf('LIMIT');
+        let endIndex = query.sql.length;
+        if (orderByIndex > 0)
+            endIndex = Math.min(endIndex, orderByIndex);
+        if (limitIndex > 0)
+            endIndex = Math.min(endIndex, limitIndex);
+        return `SELECT COUNT(*) as count ${query.sql.substring(fromIndex, endIndex)}`;
+    }
+    buildColumnDefinition(column) {
+        let def = `${this.escapeIdentifier(column.name)} ${this.getColumnTypeString(column.type, column)}`;
+        if (column.primaryKey) {
+            def += ' PRIMARY KEY';
+        }
+        if (column.autoIncrement) {
+            // PostgreSQL uses SERIAL/BIGSERIAL
+            def = `${this.escapeIdentifier(column.name)} ${column.type === enums_1.ColumnType.BIGINT ? 'BIGSERIAL' : 'SERIAL'} PRIMARY KEY`;
+            return def;
+        }
+        if (column.nullable === false) {
+            def += ' NOT NULL';
+        }
+        if (column.unique) {
+            def += ' UNIQUE';
+        }
+        if (column.defaultValue !== undefined) {
+            def += ` DEFAULT ${this.escapeValue(column.defaultValue)}`;
+        }
+        if (column.references) {
+            def += ` REFERENCES ${this.escapeIdentifier(column.references.table)}(${this.escapeIdentifier(column.references.column)})`;
+            if (column.references.onDelete) {
+                def += ` ON DELETE ${column.references.onDelete}`;
+            }
+            if (column.references.onUpdate) {
+                def += ` ON UPDATE ${column.references.onUpdate}`;
+            }
+        }
+        // Handle ENUM type with CHECK constraint
+        if (column.type === enums_1.ColumnType.ENUM && column.enumValues && column.enumValues.length > 0) {
+            const escapedValues = column.enumValues.map((v) => `'${v.replace(/'/g, "''")}'`).join(', ');
+            def += ` CHECK (${this.escapeIdentifier(column.name)} IN (${escapedValues}))`;
+        }
+        // Handle custom check constraint (but don't duplicate if we just added one for ENUM)
+        if (column.check && column.type !== enums_1.ColumnType.ENUM) {
+            def += ` CHECK (${column.check})`;
+        }
+        else if (column.check && column.type === enums_1.ColumnType.ENUM) {
+            // If ENUM has custom check, combine them
+            def = def.replace(/\)$/, ` AND ${column.check})`);
+        }
+        return def;
+    }
+    buildConstraintDefinition(constraint) {
+        let def = `CONSTRAINT ${this.escapeIdentifier(constraint.name)}`;
+        switch (constraint.type) {
+            case 'PRIMARY_KEY':
+                def += ` PRIMARY KEY (${constraint.columns.map((c) => this.escapeIdentifier(c)).join(', ')})`;
+                break;
+            case 'UNIQUE':
+                def += ` UNIQUE (${constraint.columns.map((c) => this.escapeIdentifier(c)).join(', ')})`;
+                break;
+            case 'FOREIGN_KEY':
+                def += ` FOREIGN KEY (${constraint.columns.map((c) => this.escapeIdentifier(c)).join(', ')})`;
+                def += ` REFERENCES ${this.escapeIdentifier(constraint.references.table)}(${this.escapeIdentifier(constraint.references.column)})`;
+                if (constraint.references.onDelete) {
+                    def += ` ON DELETE ${constraint.references.onDelete}`;
+                }
+                if (constraint.references.onUpdate) {
+                    def += ` ON UPDATE ${constraint.references.onUpdate}`;
+                }
+                break;
+            case 'CHECK':
+                def += ` CHECK (${constraint.expression})`;
+                break;
+        }
+        return def;
+    }
+    mapIsolationLevel(level) {
+        switch (level) {
+            case enums_1.IsolationLevel.READ_UNCOMMITTED:
+                return 'READ UNCOMMITTED';
+            case enums_1.IsolationLevel.READ_COMMITTED:
+                return 'READ COMMITTED';
+            case enums_1.IsolationLevel.REPEATABLE_READ:
+                return 'REPEATABLE READ';
+            case enums_1.IsolationLevel.SERIALIZABLE:
+                return 'SERIALIZABLE';
+            default:
+                return 'READ COMMITTED';
+        }
+    }
+}
+exports.PostgreSQLAdapter = PostgreSQLAdapter;
+//# sourceMappingURL=postgresql.adapter.js.map