@driftengine/core 4.8.5 → 4.8.7

package/README.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ carries the loop, the renderer, cameras, input, the scene graph, geometry, text
 and the whole of [`@driftengine/physics`](https://driftengine.dev/docs/simulation/rigid-bodies),
 which it re-exports. The rest of the engine is separate packages you add when you need them.
 
-**Cost: 777.5 KB gzipped, importing `createRenderer`.** Measured by `scripts/size-gate.test.mjs`,
+**Cost: 828.1 KB gzipped, importing `createRenderer`.** Measured by `scripts/size-gate.test.mjs`,
 which fails the build if the figure drifts by more than 3%.
 
 The manual is at **[driftengine.dev/docs](https://driftengine.dev/docs)**, with an example running

package/dist/index.d.ts

@@ -145,12 +145,20 @@ export { placeCascade } from './render/gi/globalField.ts';
 export type { ReflectionOptions, ReflectiveSample } from './render/gi/reflection.ts';
 export { GRADE_PLACEHOLDER_SIZE, MAX_GRADE_SIZE, identityGradeLut } from './render/colourGrade.ts';
 export type { ColourGradeLut } from './render/colourGrade.ts';
+/**
+ * How bloom answers past its threshold — a ramp in place of the subtraction, and a tint for each
+ * of the pyramid's `BLOOM_LEVELS` octaves — the third argument of `setBloom`.
+ */
+export { BLOOM_LEVELS } from './render/bloomChain.ts';
+export type { BloomResponse } from './render/bloomChain.ts';
 export { probeDevice } from './render/backend/probe.ts';
 export type { ProbeVerdict } from './render/backend/probe.ts';
 export type { BoltHandle, CausticsHandle, ClothBindingHandle, ClothParticlesHandle, FlockHandle, IncrementalMeshHandle, LineHandle, MeshHandle, MeshOptions, RenderBackend, RendererApi, ParticleHandle, PlumeHandle, ScatterHandle, InstancedHandle, SdfTextHandle, SurfaceTextureHandle, TextHandle, WaterHandle, WindStreakHandle, } from './render/backend/api.ts';
 export type { ClothBindingData } from './render/clothBindingData.ts';
-export { anisotropicModel, eyeModel, hairModel, skinModel } from './render/surfaceModel.ts';
-export type { AnisotropicModel, EyeModel, HairModel, SkinModel, SurfaceModel, SurfaceModelKind, } from './render/surfaceModel.ts';
+export { anisotropicModel, eyeModel, hairModel, lightmapModel, skinModel, } from './render/surfaceModel.ts';
+export type { AnisotropicModel, EyeModel, HairModel, LightmapModel, SkinModel, SurfaceModel, SurfaceModelKind, } from './render/surfaceModel.ts';
+export { WHOLE_PAGE } from './render/lightmap.ts';
+export type { LightmapPage, LightmapRegion } from './render/lightmap.ts';
 export { createSkinnedCloth } from './render/skinnedClothRun.ts';
 export type { SkinnedClothSolver } from './render/skinnedClothRun.ts';
 /**
@@ -359,8 +367,8 @@ export { seaStateForAgitation, seaStateForWind } from './render/seaState.ts';
 export type { SeaState } from './render/seaState.ts';
 export { InstancedMesh, createInstanceData, writeInstance } from './render/instancedMesh.ts';
 export { createMeshInstances, packInstances, INSTANCE_FLOATS, INSTANCE_STRIDE, } from './render/instances.ts';
-export { ParticlePool } from './render/particlePool.ts';
-export type { ParticlePoolOptions, ParticleInstances } from './render/particlePool.ts';
+export { ParticlePool, DEVICE_PARTICLE_FLOATS } from './render/particlePool.ts';
+export type { DeviceParticles, ParticlePoolOptions, ParticleInstances, } from './render/particlePool.ts';
 export { ParticleBatch } from './render/particleBatch.ts';
 export type { ParticleBatchOptions, ParticleBlend, ParticleFacing, } from './render/particleBatch.ts';
 export { PARTICLE_MOTE_FRAG, PARTICLE_SMOKE_FRAG, PARTICLE_SPARK_FRAG, PARTICLE_VERT, } from './render/shaders/particle.ts';

package/dist/index.js

@@ -209,13 +209,23 @@ export { placeCascade } from './render/gi/globalField.js';
  * take the identity, bend it, hand it back — and because it is what the placeholder is.
  */
 export { GRADE_PLACEHOLDER_SIZE, MAX_GRADE_SIZE, identityGradeLut } from './render/colourGrade.js';
+/**
+ * How bloom answers past its threshold — a ramp in place of the subtraction, and a tint for each
+ * of the pyramid's `BLOOM_LEVELS` octaves — the third argument of `setBloom`.
+ */
+export { BLOOM_LEVELS } from './render/bloomChain.js';
 export { probeDevice } from './render/backend/probe.js';
 /*
  * A material's shading model, for what the standard one is not: brushed metal, hair, skin, an eye.
  * A frozen descriptor made by a factory and set as `SurfaceMaterial.model`; each is a pipeline of
  * its own, compiled the first time a draw asks.
  */
-export { anisotropicModel, eyeModel, hairModel, skinModel } from './render/surfaceModel.js';
+export { anisotropicModel, eyeModel, hairModel, lightmapModel, skinModel, } from './render/surfaceModel.js';
+/*
+ * A baked lightmap: the page a consumer decoded, which `createLightmap` uploads as a lightmapped
+ * material's `modelMap`, and the region of it a material or an instance reads.
+ */
+export { WHOLE_PAGE } from './render/lightmap.js';
 /*
  * A skinned cloth solved where the renderer can: compute on WebGPU, the CPU under WebGL2. A function
  * rather than a renderer method so only a game that imports it carries the solver.
@@ -464,7 +474,7 @@ export { InstancedMesh, createInstanceData, writeInstance } from './render/insta
  * pitches and rolls and a yaw cannot say so.
  */
 export { createMeshInstances, packInstances, INSTANCE_FLOATS, INSTANCE_STRIDE, } from './render/instances.js';
-export { ParticlePool } from './render/particlePool.js';
+export { ParticlePool, DEVICE_PARTICLE_FLOATS } from './render/particlePool.js';
 export { ParticleBatch } from './render/particleBatch.js';
 export { PARTICLE_MOTE_FRAG, PARTICLE_SMOKE_FRAG, PARTICLE_SPARK_FRAG, PARTICLE_VERT, } from './render/shaders/particle.js';
 export { BoltPool } from './render/boltPool.js';

package/dist/render/ambientHarmonics.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/**
+ * A draw's own ambient light, as nine spherical-harmonic coefficients: what `setAmbientSH` takes,
+ * how both backends pack it, and the arithmetic the lit stage evaluates, which its tests hold.
+ *
+ * **Why a draw needs its own.** The engine's diffuse ambient is one answer for a whole frame — the
+ * sky-and-ground gradient, or the probe grid's irradiance — so everything standing in one place is
+ * lit alike. A stage with a baked volume of indirect light (Unreal's volumetric lightmap) lights a
+ * character by sampling that volume where the character stands; a consumer that samples it each
+ * frame hands the result here, around that character's draws, and the character takes the light of
+ * the spot it is in rather than the frame's average.
+ *
+ * **The coefficients are of incoming radiance**, `L(ω) ≈ Σ c_lm Y_lm(ω)`, on the standard real
+ * basis in its usual order — `Y00`, then `Y1,-1 Y1,0 Y1,1`, then `Y2,-2 Y2,-1 Y2,0 Y2,1 Y2,2` —
+ * evaluated on the engine's own world axes as written: `Y1,-1 = 0.488603 y`, `Y1,0 = 0.488603 z`,
+ * `Y1,1 = 0.488603 x`, `Y2,-2 = 1.092548 xy`, `Y2,-1 = 1.092548 yz`, `Y2,0 = 0.315392 (3z² − 1)`,
+ * `Y2,1 = 1.092548 xz`, `Y2,2 = 0.546274 (x² − y²)`, with y up. Three numbers a coefficient, red
+ * green blue, twenty-seven in all. A source in another engine's axes is rotated into these first.
+ *
+ * **What the surface receives is the cosine convolution**, Ramamoorthi and Hanrahan's: the bands
+ * scaled by π, 2π/3 and π/4 and divided by π, which is the irradiance over π a Lambertian surface
+ * multiplies its albedo by — the same quantity the gradient and the probes hand the shader. A
+ * constant radiance `L` everywhere is `c00 = L / 0.282095` and lights a surface exactly as an
+ * ambient of `L` does. Negative ringing, which a second-order fit of a sharp source has, is clamped
+ * to zero.
+ *
+ * **What it gives up** is the reflections: these replace the diffuse ambient only, and a glossy
+ * surface still reflects the frame's probes or sky. **What would make it wrong** is light the
+ * volume holds at a frequency nine coefficients cannot carry — a sharp sun patch — which is the
+ * stage's own direct light's job and not this.
+ */
+/** Numbers `setAmbientSH` takes: nine coefficients of three channels. */
+export declare const AMBIENT_SH_VALUES = 27;
+/** Floats the lit stage's `uAmbientSH` holds: the coefficients, and whether they are on. */
+export declare const AMBIENT_SH_FLOATS = 28;
+/**
+ * The coefficients as the lit stage reads them, into `out` of `AMBIENT_SH_FLOATS`: the twenty-seven
+ * numbers in order and a last one that is 1, or every float zero for `null` — the frame's own
+ * ambient. Refuses a list that is not twenty-seven numbers, naming its length.
+ */
+export declare function packAmbientSH(coefficients: ArrayLike<number> | null, out: Float32Array): void;
+/**
+ * The ambient a surface facing `nx, ny, nz` (unit) receives from these coefficients, into `out`
+ * (three floats): what `ambientHarmonics` in the lit stage computes. Run at no point by the engine;
+ * the reference its tests hold.
+ */
+export declare function ambientFromSH(coefficients: ArrayLike<number>, nx: number, ny: number, nz: number, out: Float32Array): void;

package/dist/render/ambientHarmonics.js

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/**
+ * A draw's own ambient light, as nine spherical-harmonic coefficients: what `setAmbientSH` takes,
+ * how both backends pack it, and the arithmetic the lit stage evaluates, which its tests hold.
+ *
+ * **Why a draw needs its own.** The engine's diffuse ambient is one answer for a whole frame — the
+ * sky-and-ground gradient, or the probe grid's irradiance — so everything standing in one place is
+ * lit alike. A stage with a baked volume of indirect light (Unreal's volumetric lightmap) lights a
+ * character by sampling that volume where the character stands; a consumer that samples it each
+ * frame hands the result here, around that character's draws, and the character takes the light of
+ * the spot it is in rather than the frame's average.
+ *
+ * **The coefficients are of incoming radiance**, `L(ω) ≈ Σ c_lm Y_lm(ω)`, on the standard real
+ * basis in its usual order — `Y00`, then `Y1,-1 Y1,0 Y1,1`, then `Y2,-2 Y2,-1 Y2,0 Y2,1 Y2,2` —
+ * evaluated on the engine's own world axes as written: `Y1,-1 = 0.488603 y`, `Y1,0 = 0.488603 z`,
+ * `Y1,1 = 0.488603 x`, `Y2,-2 = 1.092548 xy`, `Y2,-1 = 1.092548 yz`, `Y2,0 = 0.315392 (3z² − 1)`,
+ * `Y2,1 = 1.092548 xz`, `Y2,2 = 0.546274 (x² − y²)`, with y up. Three numbers a coefficient, red
+ * green blue, twenty-seven in all. A source in another engine's axes is rotated into these first.
+ *
+ * **What the surface receives is the cosine convolution**, Ramamoorthi and Hanrahan's: the bands
+ * scaled by π, 2π/3 and π/4 and divided by π, which is the irradiance over π a Lambertian surface
+ * multiplies its albedo by — the same quantity the gradient and the probes hand the shader. A
+ * constant radiance `L` everywhere is `c00 = L / 0.282095` and lights a surface exactly as an
+ * ambient of `L` does. Negative ringing, which a second-order fit of a sharp source has, is clamped
+ * to zero.
+ *
+ * **What it gives up** is the reflections: these replace the diffuse ambient only, and a glossy
+ * surface still reflects the frame's probes or sky. **What would make it wrong** is light the
+ * volume holds at a frequency nine coefficients cannot carry — a sharp sun patch — which is the
+ * stage's own direct light's job and not this.
+ */
+/** Numbers `setAmbientSH` takes: nine coefficients of three channels. */
+export const AMBIENT_SH_VALUES = 27;
+/** Floats the lit stage's `uAmbientSH` holds: the coefficients, and whether they are on. */
+export const AMBIENT_SH_FLOATS = 28;
+/**
+ * The coefficients as the lit stage reads them, into `out` of `AMBIENT_SH_FLOATS`: the twenty-seven
+ * numbers in order and a last one that is 1, or every float zero for `null` — the frame's own
+ * ambient. Refuses a list that is not twenty-seven numbers, naming its length.
+ */
+export function packAmbientSH(coefficients, out) {
+    if (coefficients === null) {
+        out.fill(0);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (coefficients.length !== AMBIENT_SH_VALUES) {
+        throw new Error(`setAmbientSH: ${coefficients.length} values, where nine coefficients of red, green and ` +
+            `blue are ${AMBIENT_SH_VALUES}`);
+    }
+    for (let i = 0; i < AMBIENT_SH_VALUES; i++) {
+        const value = coefficients[i];
+        out[i] = Number.isFinite(value) ? value : 0;
+    }
+    out[AMBIENT_SH_VALUES] = 1;
+}
+/** The band factors of the cosine convolution, over π: 1, 2/3 and 1/4. */
+const BAND = [1, 2 / 3, 1 / 4];
+/**
+ * The ambient a surface facing `nx, ny, nz` (unit) receives from these coefficients, into `out`
+ * (three floats): what `ambientHarmonics` in the lit stage computes. Run at no point by the engine;
+ * the reference its tests hold.
+ */
+export function ambientFromSH(coefficients, nx, ny, nz, out) {
+    const basis = [
+        0.282095 * BAND[0],
+        0.488603 * ny * BAND[1],
+        0.488603 * nz * BAND[1],
+        0.488603 * nx * BAND[1],
+        1.092548 * nx * ny * BAND[2],
+        1.092548 * ny * nz * BAND[2],
+        0.315392 * (3 * nz * nz - 1) * BAND[2],
+        1.092548 * nx * nz * BAND[2],
+        0.546274 * (nx * nx - ny * ny) * BAND[2],
+    ];
+    for (let c = 0; c < 3; c++) {
+        let sum = 0;
+        for (let k = 0; k < 9; k++)
+            sum += coefficients[k * 3 + c] * basis[k];
+        out[c] = Math.max(sum, 0);
+    }
+}

package/dist/render/anisotropicLobe.d.ts

@@ -5,3 +5,13 @@ export declare function anisotropicAlphas(roughness: number, strength: number, o
  * are `th`, `bh` and `nh`. 1 at the mirror direction.
  */
 export declare function anisotropicLobe(th: number, bh: number, nh: number, alphaT: number, alphaB: number): number;
+/** Three components in the lobe's frame: along the direction, across it, along the normal. */
+export type FrameVector = readonly [number, number, number];
+/**
+ * The physical form of the same lobe, `π · D · Vis · N·L`, for a surface whose highlight is GGX's
+ * own (`SurfaceMaterial.physicalSpecular`): the stretched distribution normalised as a BRDF's, and
+ * Smith's height-correlated masking stretched with it (Heitz 2014, as Filament writes it), Fresnel
+ * left to the caller. The half vector, the light and the view are each in the lobe's frame. At
+ * strength 0 it is isotropic GGX, the term skin's and the eye's highlights are.
+ */
+export declare function anisotropicPhysicalLobe(half: FrameVector, light: FrameVector, view: FrameVector, alphaT: number, alphaB: number): number;

package/dist/render/anisotropicLobe.js

@@ -31,3 +31,22 @@ export function anisotropicLobe(th, bh, nh, alphaT, alphaB) {
     const d = x * x + y * y + nh * nh;
     return 1 / Math.max(d * d, 1e-8);
 }
+/**
+ * The physical form of the same lobe, `π · D · Vis · N·L`, for a surface whose highlight is GGX's
+ * own (`SurfaceMaterial.physicalSpecular`): the stretched distribution normalised as a BRDF's, and
+ * Smith's height-correlated masking stretched with it (Heitz 2014, as Filament writes it), Fresnel
+ * left to the caller. The half vector, the light and the view are each in the lobe's frame. At
+ * strength 0 it is isotropic GGX, the term skin's and the eye's highlights are.
+ */
+export function anisotropicPhysicalLobe(half, light, view, alphaT, alphaB) {
+    const x = half[0] / alphaT;
+    const y = half[1] / alphaB;
+    const d = x * x + y * y + half[2] * half[2];
+    const distribution = 1 / (Math.PI * alphaT * alphaB * d * d);
+    const ndl = light[2];
+    const ndv = view[2];
+    const lambdaView = ndl * Math.hypot(alphaT * view[0], alphaB * view[1], ndv);
+    const lambdaLight = ndv * Math.hypot(alphaT * light[0], alphaB * light[1], ndl);
+    const visibility = 0.5 / Math.max(lambdaView + lambdaLight, 1e-5);
+    return Math.PI * distribution * visibility * ndl;
+}

package/dist/render/areaLights.d.ts

@@ -86,7 +86,34 @@ export interface AreaLightSource {
      * every caster, not just the fixture.
      */
     shadowNear?: number;
+    /**
+     * How far the rectangle's light reaches, in metres from its centre: past it the light is zero,
+     * windowed down to it, so a clustered rectangle can be binned into the froxels it reaches and no
+     * others. **Read only where the rectangle is shaded through the froxel table** — the ones past
+     * `maxAreaLights` with `clusteredLights` on; the fixed four light everything they face, as they
+     * always have. Absent, it is where the rectangle's irradiance on its axis falls to a thousandth
+     * of a scene unit, and never inside the rectangle itself. Unreal's `AttenuationRadius`, in metres.
+     */
+    range?: number;
+    /**
+     * Barn doors: a flap hinged at each of the rectangle's four edges, standing this many degrees from
+     * its normal. 90, or absent, folds them flat and they hide nothing; smaller closes them, so the
+     * light narrows to the opening they leave — a rectangle at 50° throws a beam rather than filling
+     * its hemisphere. Unreal's `BarnDoorAngle`, whose default of 88° is nearly flat.
+     *
+     * What a fragment sees past the doors is the part of the rectangle no door's tip hides, one axis
+     * at a time, and the rectangle then shades as that smaller rectangle, its highlight included.
+     * Its shadow map is still baked from the whole rectangle's centre. **What it gives up**: each
+     * door is taken as endless along its hinge, so the two axes clip apart and the corner where two
+     * doors meet hides a square rather than the mitre two real flaps make. One-sided: a two-sided
+     * rectangle's back face has none.
+     */
+    barnDoorAngle?: number;
+    /** The barn doors' length in metres. Absent, 0.2: Unreal's default of 20 cm. */
+    barnDoorLength?: number;
 }
+/** The irradiance a derived `range` ends at, in scene units. See `AreaLightSource.range`. */
+export declare const AREA_RANGE_CUTOFF = 0.001;
 /** The five arrays the shader declares, filled once a frame from whatever a caller supplied. */
 export interface AreaLightBuffer {
     count: number;
@@ -96,8 +123,35 @@ export interface AreaLightBuffer {
     readonly up: Float32Array;
     readonly sizes: Float32Array;
     readonly twoSided: Float32Array;
+    /** One a rectangle: how far its light reaches. See `AreaLightSource.range`. */
+    readonly ranges?: Float32Array;
+    /**
+     * Two a rectangle: the cosine of its barn doors' angle from its normal, then their length in
+     * metres — 0 and 0 for none. See `AreaLightSource.barnDoorAngle`.
+     */
+    readonly barnDoors?: Float32Array;
 }
 export declare function createAreaLightBuffer(capacity?: number): AreaLightBuffer;
+/** Unreal's default barn door length, in metres. See `AreaLightSource.barnDoorLength`. */
+export declare const DEFAULT_BARN_DOOR_LENGTH = 0.2;
+/**
+ * A rectangle's barn doors as the shader reads them, into `out[at]` and `out[at + 1]`: the cosine of
+ * their angle and their length. An angle not between 0 and 90 degrees, or a length not above zero,
+ * is no doors at all, written as 0 and 0 — which the shader reads as "nothing hidden".
+ */
+export declare function barnDoorsOf(light: AreaLightSource, out: Float32Array, at: number): void;
+/**
+ * The fixed arm's half extents and barn doors, four a rectangle as `uAreaLightSize` holds them: the
+ * two half extents, then the doors' cosine and length. Into a target the binder owns, for the first
+ * `MAX_AREA_LIGHTS` alone, which are all the fixed arm reads.
+ */
+export declare function packAreaSizesAndDoors(lights: AreaLightBuffer, out: Float32Array): void;
+/**
+ * How far a rectangle's light reaches when it names no range: where its irradiance on its own axis,
+ * `L · A / d²` for a rectangle of radiance `L` and area `A` seen from far, falls to
+ * `AREA_RANGE_CUTOFF`. Never less than the rectangle's own half-diagonal.
+ */
+export declare function areaRange(r: number, g: number, b: number, halfWidth: number, halfHeight: number): number;
 /**
  * Fill the buffer from a caller's list, normalising the axes and orthogonalising them.
  *

package/dist/render/areaLights.js

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
  * iteration of the loop, exactly as `MAX_POINT_LIGHTS` is.
  */
 export const MAX_AREA_LIGHTS = 4;
+/** The irradiance a derived `range` ends at, in scene units. See `AreaLightSource.range`. */
+export const AREA_RANGE_CUTOFF = 1e-3;
 export function createAreaLightBuffer(capacity = MAX_AREA_LIGHTS) {
     return {
         count: 0,
@@ -17,8 +19,53 @@ export function createAreaLightBuffer(capacity = MAX_AREA_LIGHTS) {
         up: new Float32Array(capacity * 3),
         sizes: new Float32Array(capacity * 2),
         twoSided: new Float32Array(capacity),
+        ranges: new Float32Array(capacity),
+        barnDoors: new Float32Array(capacity * 2),
     };
 }
+/** Unreal's default barn door length, in metres. See `AreaLightSource.barnDoorLength`. */
+export const DEFAULT_BARN_DOOR_LENGTH = 0.2;
+/**
+ * A rectangle's barn doors as the shader reads them, into `out[at]` and `out[at + 1]`: the cosine of
+ * their angle and their length. An angle not between 0 and 90 degrees, or a length not above zero,
+ * is no doors at all, written as 0 and 0 — which the shader reads as "nothing hidden".
+ */
+export function barnDoorsOf(light, out, at) {
+    const angle = light.barnDoorAngle;
+    const length = light.barnDoorLength ?? DEFAULT_BARN_DOOR_LENGTH;
+    if (angle === undefined || !(angle >= 0 && angle < 90) || !(length > 0)) {
+        out[at] = 0;
+        out[at + 1] = 0;
+        return;
+    }
+    out[at] = Math.cos((angle * Math.PI) / 180);
+    out[at + 1] = length;
+}
+/**
+ * The fixed arm's half extents and barn doors, four a rectangle as `uAreaLightSize` holds them: the
+ * two half extents, then the doors' cosine and length. Into a target the binder owns, for the first
+ * `MAX_AREA_LIGHTS` alone, which are all the fixed arm reads.
+ */
+export function packAreaSizesAndDoors(lights, out) {
+    const doors = lights.barnDoors;
+    for (let a = 0; a < MAX_AREA_LIGHTS; a++) {
+        out[a * 4] = lights.sizes[a * 2] ?? 0;
+        out[a * 4 + 1] = lights.sizes[a * 2 + 1] ?? 0;
+        out[a * 4 + 2] = doors?.[a * 2] ?? 0;
+        out[a * 4 + 3] = doors?.[a * 2 + 1] ?? 0;
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * How far a rectangle's light reaches when it names no range: where its irradiance on its own axis,
+ * `L · A / d²` for a rectangle of radiance `L` and area `A` seen from far, falls to
+ * `AREA_RANGE_CUTOFF`. Never less than the rectangle's own half-diagonal.
+ */
+export function areaRange(r, g, b, halfWidth, halfHeight) {
+    const radiance = Math.max(r, g, b, 0);
+    const area = 4 * halfWidth * halfHeight;
+    const diagonal = Math.hypot(halfWidth, halfHeight);
+    return Math.max(Math.sqrt((radiance * area) / AREA_RANGE_CUTOFF), diagonal);
+}
 /**
  * Fill the buffer from a caller's list, normalising the axes and orthogonalising them.
  *
@@ -86,6 +133,14 @@ export function selectAreaLights(lights, out) {
         out.sizes[slot * 2] = Math.max(1e-4, light.halfWidth);
         out.sizes[slot * 2 + 1] = Math.max(1e-4, light.halfHeight);
         out.twoSided[slot] = light.twoSided === true ? 1 : 0;
+        if (out.ranges !== undefined) {
+            out.ranges[slot] =
+                light.range !== undefined && light.range > 0
+                    ? light.range
+                    : areaRange(light.r, light.g, light.b, light.halfWidth, light.halfHeight);
+        }
+        if (out.barnDoors !== undefined)
+            barnDoorsOf(light, out.barnDoors, slot * 2);
     }
     return out;
 }

package/dist/render/backend/api.d.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import type { Bounds } from '../../math/bounds.ts';
 import type { Vec3 } from '../../math/color.ts';
+import type { Camera } from '../camera.ts';
 import type { ReadonlyMat4 } from 'gl-matrix';
 import type { MeshData } from '../mesh.ts';
 import type { ProbeBakeOptions } from '../reflectionProbe.ts';
@@ -7,6 +8,8 @@ import type { Renderer, TranslucentMeshOptions } from './webgl2/renderer.ts';
 import type { InstancedOptions, MeshInstances } from '../instances.ts';
 import type { SurfaceMaterial } from '../surfaceTexture.ts';
 import type { SurfaceSource } from '../compressedSource.ts';
+import type { LightmapPage } from '../lightmap.ts';
+import type { DeviceParticles } from '../particlePool.ts';
 import type { ClothBindingData } from '../clothBindingData.ts';
 import type { TextStyle } from '../textLayout.ts';
 import type { SdfFont } from '../sdfFont.ts';
@@ -186,7 +189,7 @@ export interface MeshOptions {
 }
 export type RendererApi = Omit<{
     [K in keyof Renderer]: Renderer[K];
-}, 'gpuTimer' | 'createMesh' | 'createMeshIncremental' | 'updateMesh' | 'drawMesh' | 'disposeMesh' | 'drawTranslucentMesh' | 'drawLightVolume' | 'drawFilm' | 'createScatter' | 'drawScatter' | 'uploadScatter' | 'disposeScatter' | 'createInstanced' | 'uploadInstanced' | 'drawInstanced' | 'drawTranslucentInstanced' | 'disposeInstanced' | 'createWater' | 'drawWater' | 'disposeWater' | 'createPlumes' | 'drawPlumes' | 'disposePlumes' | 'setPlumeScale' | 'createCaustics' | 'drawCaustics' | 'disposeCaustics' | 'createParticles' | 'drawParticles' | 'disposeParticles' | 'createWindStreaks' | 'drawWindStreaks' | 'disposeWindStreaks' | 'createFlock' | 'drawFlock' | 'disposeFlock' | 'createBolts' | 'drawBolts' | 'disposeBolts' | 'createLines' | 'drawLines' | 'disposeLines' | 'createText' | 'setText' | 'setPlate' | 'drawText' | 'textWidth' | 'disposeText' | 'createSdfText' | 'setSdfText' | 'drawSdfText' | 'disposeSdfText' | 'createSurfaceTexture' | 'createSurfaceTextureArray' | 'updateSurfaceTexture' | 'disposeSurfaceTexture' | 'setSurfaceTexture' | 'setMaterial' | 'createClothBinding' | 'createClothParticles' | 'updateClothParticles' | 'setCloth' | 'disposeClothBinding' | 'disposeClothParticles'> & {
+}, 'gpuTimer' | 'createMesh' | 'createMeshIncremental' | 'updateMesh' | 'drawMesh' | 'disposeMesh' | 'drawTranslucentMesh' | 'drawLightVolume' | 'drawFilm' | 'createScatter' | 'drawScatter' | 'uploadScatter' | 'disposeScatter' | 'createInstanced' | 'uploadInstanced' | 'drawInstanced' | 'drawTranslucentInstanced' | 'disposeInstanced' | 'createWater' | 'drawWater' | 'disposeWater' | 'createPlumes' | 'drawPlumes' | 'disposePlumes' | 'setPlumeScale' | 'createCaustics' | 'drawCaustics' | 'disposeCaustics' | 'createParticles' | 'drawParticles' | 'drawDeviceParticles' | 'disposeParticles' | 'createWindStreaks' | 'drawWindStreaks' | 'disposeWindStreaks' | 'createFlock' | 'drawFlock' | 'disposeFlock' | 'createBolts' | 'drawBolts' | 'disposeBolts' | 'createLines' | 'drawLines' | 'disposeLines' | 'createText' | 'setText' | 'setPlate' | 'drawText' | 'textWidth' | 'disposeText' | 'createSdfText' | 'setSdfText' | 'drawSdfText' | 'disposeSdfText' | 'createSurfaceTexture' | 'createSurfaceTextureArray' | 'createLightmap' | 'createSceneCapture' | 'captureScene' | 'updateSurfaceTexture' | 'disposeSurfaceTexture' | 'setSurfaceTexture' | 'setMaterial' | 'createClothBinding' | 'createClothParticles' | 'updateClothParticles' | 'setCloth' | 'disposeClothBinding' | 'disposeClothParticles'> & {
     /**
      * A mesh's cloth binding: which simulation triangle each of its vertices follows, where on it and
      * by how much (`ClothBindingData`). The mesh must be skinned — a binding blends each vertex
@@ -229,6 +232,35 @@ export type RendererApi = Omit<{
      * `updateSurfaceTexture` refuses an array.
      */
     createSurfaceTextureArray(sources: readonly SurfaceSource[], options?: Parameters<Renderer['createSurfaceTexture']>[1]): SurfaceTextureHandle;
+    /**
+     * A baked lightmap page on the device, as the texture a `lightmapModel` material takes for its
+     * `modelMap`: two layers of four bytes a texel, the irradiance as an rgb9e5 word and the
+     * direction, which the lit stage decodes and filters itself, clamped at the page's edges, with no
+     * mip chain. A page whose irradiance arrives packed uploads where it lies. Disposed as any texture is, with
+     * `disposeSurfaceTexture`; `updateSurfaceTexture` refuses it, as it refuses any array. See
+     * `lightmap.ts` for what a surface does with it.
+     */
+    createLightmap(page: LightmapPage): SurfaceTextureHandle;
+    /**
+     * A texture the scene can be drawn into from a camera of the caller's (`captureScene`), which a
+     * material then shows like any image — most often as its `emissive`, for a screen in the world
+     * showing what a camera elsewhere sees. `width` and `height` in pixels, 1 to 4096. It holds
+     * radiance, at the colour format a probe takes: half floats under `hdrScene`, bytes otherwise.
+     * Disposed as any texture is; `updateSurfaceTexture` refuses it. See `sceneCapture.ts`.
+     */
+    createSceneCapture(width: number, height: number): SurfaceTextureHandle;
+    /**
+     * Draw the scene into a capture from `camera`, at the moment a caller says, usually once a frame
+     * before the frame's own world. `draw` is handed the camera, its matrices updated for the
+     * capture's shape, and submits the scene exactly as it would to the screen — `bindMeshPass`,
+     * `drawMesh` and the rest; `bindMeshPass` the frame's own camera again afterwards. The output
+     * transform is held off, so a screen showing it is graded once, with the frame.
+     *
+     * **The mesh pass alone**, as a probe bake is: what a scene draws after its world is in the
+     * capture only if `draw` draws it, and no temporal resolve or effect after the world runs on it.
+     * Returns whether it drew: false for a texture that is not a capture.
+     */
+    captureScene(capture: SurfaceTextureHandle, camera: Camera, clearColor: Vec3, draw: (camera: Camera) => void): boolean;
     /**
      * Replace a texture's pixels, keeping the GPU object and its sampler state.
      *
@@ -428,11 +460,20 @@ export type RendererApi = Omit<{
      * have shared one already do. WebGL2 still needs telling, and still checks that the two
      * materials match.
      */
-    createParticles(capacity: number, options: Omit<Parameters<Renderer['createParticles']>[1], 'reuse'> & {
+    createParticles(capacity: number, options: Omit<Parameters<Renderer['createParticles']>[1], 'reuse' | 'texture'> & {
         readonly reuse?: ParticleHandle;
+        /** A `'sprite'`'s image. Re-typed to the handle for `reuse`'s reason. */
+        readonly texture?: SurfaceTextureHandle;
     }): ParticleHandle;
     /** Draw a pool's live particles, after the opaque scene. */
     drawParticles(batch: ParticleHandle, data: Parameters<Renderer['drawParticles']>[1], camera: Parameters<Renderer['drawParticles']>[2], env: Parameters<Renderer['drawParticles']>[3], timeSeconds: number): void;
+    /**
+     * Draw a pool's particles from a buffer a caller's own compute wrote (`registerCompute`), where
+     * they lie: the pool's material, blend, flipbook and fades, its instance stream the caller's
+     * buffer. WebGPU only; WebGL2 says so once and draws nothing. Not sorted. See `DeviceParticles`
+     * for the layout.
+     */
+    drawDeviceParticles(batch: ParticleHandle, particles: DeviceParticles, camera: Parameters<Renderer['drawParticles']>[2], env: Parameters<Renderer['drawParticles']>[3], timeSeconds: number): void;
     /** Release a particle pool. */
     disposeParticles(batch: ParticleHandle): void;
     /** Draw a wet film over geometry, using a handle as the surface it lies on. */

package/dist/render/backend/webgl2/instanced.d.ts

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ export declare class InstancedBatch {
     private readonly buffer;
     private readonly vao;
     private readonly staging;
+    /** The survivors of a lightmapped batch's cull, made the first time one is culled. */
+    private keptRegioned;
     private readonly kept;
     constructor(gl: WebGL2RenderingContext, mesh: Mesh, capacity: number, cull?: boolean);
     upload(gl: WebGL2RenderingContext, data: MeshInstances): void;

package/dist/render/backend/webgl2/instanced.js

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ export class InstancedBatch {
     buffer;
     vao;
     staging;
+    /** The survivors of a lightmapped batch's cull, made the first time one is culled. */
+    keptRegioned = null;
     kept;
     constructor(gl, mesh, capacity, cull = false) {
         this.mesh = mesh;
@@ -67,10 +69,17 @@ export class InstancedBatch {
         const kept = this.kept;
         if (kept === null)
             return 0;
-        const count = cullInstances(data, this.mesh.bounds, frustum, kept.instances);
+        /* A lightmapped batch's survivors keep their regions, in a copy that carries them. */
+        const into = data.lightmapRegions === undefined
+            ? kept.instances
+            : (this.keptRegioned ??= {
+                ...createMeshInstances(this.capacity),
+                lightmapRegions: new Float32Array(this.capacity * 4),
+            });
+        const count = cullInstances(data, this.mesh.bounds, frustum, into);
         if (count === 0)
             return 0;
-        packInstances(kept.instances, this.staging);
+        packInstances(into, this.staging);
         gl.bindBuffer(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, kept.buffer);
         gl.bufferSubData(gl.ARRAY_BUFFER, 0, this.staging, 0, count * INSTANCE_FLOATS);
         this.mesh.drawInstancesThrough(gl, kept.vao, count);