@drawcall/lod 0.1.0 → 0.2.0

package/dist/instanced/{bounds.js → blocks.js}

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Box3, Matrix4, Sphere, Vector3 } from "three/webgpu";
-import { FADE } from "../levels.js";
+import { FADE, DEMAND, lastFitting } from "../levels.js";
+import { at } from "../at.js";
 import { Dirty } from "./dirty.js";
 // Cover float32 matrix products, distances and threshold arithmetic. Near a switch,
 // uncertain blocks keep both levels and cannot reuse a previous GPU selection.
@@ -8,18 +9,18 @@ const matrix = new Matrix4();
 const point = new Vector3();
 const extent = new Vector3();
 /** Cached spatial blocks: instance edits refit leaves; moving views visit only blocks. */
-export class Bounds {
+export class Blocks {
     matrices;
     spheres;
     source;
-    sphere;
-    geometry;
+    bounds;
+    rest;
     block;
     leaves;
     tree;
     dirty;
     radii;
-    errors;
+    roundoff;
     unsafe;
     levelBoxes = [];
     token = {};
@@ -28,14 +29,16 @@ export class Bounds {
     low = 0;
     high = 0;
     padding = 0;
-    constructor(matrices, spheres, source, sphere, draws, 
+    constructor(matrices, spheres, source, 
+    /** Set to enclose every instance on refit. */
+    bounds, draws, 
     /** Radius enclosing every placed level about source.center. */
-    geometry = source) {
+    rest) {
         this.matrices = matrices;
         this.spheres = spheres;
         this.source = source;
-        this.sphere = sphere;
-        this.geometry = geometry;
+        this.bounds = bounds;
+        this.rest = rest;
         const count = matrices.length / 16;
         // Fine leaves avoid many empty draws in small, multipart crowds. Large crowds
         // retain bounded block traversal rather than inspecting every instance per view.
@@ -53,7 +56,7 @@ export class Bounds {
         }));
         this.dirty = new Dirty(Math.ceil(count / this.block));
         this.radii = new Float64Array(count);
-        this.errors = new Float64Array(count);
+        this.roundoff = new Float64Array(count);
         this.unsafe = new Uint8Array(count);
     }
     /** Measure changed matrices, retaining the GPU's max-axis radius for LOD selection. */
@@ -67,11 +70,11 @@ export class Bounds {
                 .toArray(this.spheres, i * 4);
             const axis = matrix.getMaxScaleOnAxis();
             this.spheres[i * 4 + 3] = radius * axis;
-            this.radii[i] = this.geometry.radius * stretch(matrix);
+            this.radii[i] = this.rest.radius * stretch(matrix);
             const e = matrix.elements;
             // Absolute terms also cover cancellation in the shader's transformed center.
-            const terms = Math.max(Math.abs(e[0] * center.x) + Math.abs(e[4] * center.y) + Math.abs(e[8] * center.z) + Math.abs(e[12]), Math.abs(e[1] * center.x) + Math.abs(e[5] * center.y) + Math.abs(e[9] * center.z) + Math.abs(e[13]), Math.abs(e[2] * center.x) + Math.abs(e[6] * center.y) + Math.abs(e[10] * center.z) + Math.abs(e[14]), radius, this.geometry.radius);
-            this.errors[i] = ROUND * Math.sqrt(3) * terms;
+            const terms = Math.max(Math.abs(e[0] * center.x) + Math.abs(e[4] * center.y) + Math.abs(e[8] * center.z) + Math.abs(e[12]), Math.abs(e[1] * center.x) + Math.abs(e[5] * center.y) + Math.abs(e[9] * center.z) + Math.abs(e[13]), Math.abs(e[2] * center.x) + Math.abs(e[6] * center.y) + Math.abs(e[10] * center.z) + Math.abs(e[14]), radius, this.rest.radius);
+            this.roundoff[i] = ROUND * Math.sqrt(3) * terms;
             // WGSL length squares its inputs. Guard the intermediates, not only the final
             // screen height: infinity / infinity would select level zero, not the CPU tier.
             this.unsafe[i] = Number(unsafe(axis) || unsafe(radius) || terms > 1e15 || !Number.isFinite(terms));
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ export class Bounds {
                 last = Math.ceil(last / 2);
             }
         });
-        enclosing(at(this.tree, 1).geometry, this.sphere);
+        enclosing(at(this.tree, 1).geometry, this.bounds);
     }
     leaf(node, block) {
         node.geometry.makeEmpty();
@@ -118,10 +121,10 @@ export class Bounds {
             if (radius === 0 && !at(this.unsafe, i))
                 continue;
             node.unsafe ||= Boolean(at(this.unsafe, i));
-            const error = at(this.errors, i);
-            const reach = at(this.radii, i) * (1 + this.padding) + error;
+            const roundoff = at(this.roundoff, i);
+            const reach = at(this.radii, i) * (1 + this.padding) + roundoff;
             point.fromArray(this.spheres, i * 4);
-            expand(node.centers, point, error);
+            expand(node.centers, point, roundoff);
             expand(node.geometry, point, reach);
             node.smallest = Math.min(node.smallest, radius);
             node.largest = Math.max(node.largest, radius);
@@ -144,19 +147,43 @@ export class Bounds {
     }
     /** Level bounds plus a token only when every block has an unchanged solid choice. */
     select(levels, view, reaches, measured, root) {
-        while (this.levelBoxes.length < levels.length)
-            this.levelBoxes.push(new Box3());
-        for (const box of this.levelBoxes)
-            box.makeEmpty();
+        this.resetBoxes(levels);
         this.complete = measured;
         this.changed = false;
-        if (!this.sphere.isEmpty()) {
+        if (!this.bounds.isEmpty()) {
             if (measured)
                 this.visit(1, levels, view);
             else
                 for (const box of this.levelBoxes)
                     box.copy(at(this.tree, 1).geometry);
         }
+        this.enclose(levels, view, reaches, root, measured, 1);
+        if (!this.complete)
+            return undefined;
+        if (this.changed)
+            this.token = {};
+        return this.token;
+    }
+    /** Ahead-of-view demand without changing solid selections or their reuse token. */
+    demand(levels, view, reaches, root) {
+        this.resetBoxes(levels);
+        this.gather(1, levels, view);
+        this.enclose(levels, view, reaches, root, true, DEMAND);
+    }
+    gather(index, levels, view) {
+        const node = at(this.tree, index);
+        if (node.geometry.isEmpty())
+            return;
+        const [finest, coarsest] = this.span(node, levels, view, DEMAND);
+        if (finest !== coarsest && index < this.leaves) {
+            this.gather(index * 2, levels, view);
+            this.gather(index * 2 + 1, levels, view);
+            return;
+        }
+        for (let level = finest; level <= coarsest; level++)
+            at(this.levelBoxes, level).union(node.geometry);
+    }
+    enclose(levels, view, reaches, root, measured, margin) {
         const top = at(this.tree, 1);
         const axis = root.getMaxScaleOnAxis();
         // Three transforms a culling sphere by max-axis scale, which underbounds shear.
@@ -165,7 +192,7 @@ export class Bounds {
             enclosing(at(this.levelBoxes, level), sphere);
             const next = levels[level + 1];
             if (measured && !top.unsafe && !unsafe(view.scale) && view.eye.length() < 1e15 && !sphere.isEmpty() && !view.ortho && view.forced === null && next) {
-                const threshold = next.maxPixels * (view.fades ? 1 - FADE : 1);
+                const threshold = next.maxPixels * (view.fades ? 1 - FADE : 1) * margin;
                 const radius = (2 * top.largest * view.scale * (1 + ROUND * 4)) / threshold + top.reach + view.eye.length() * ROUND;
                 if (radius < sphere.radius)
                     sphere.set(view.eye, radius);
@@ -173,25 +200,12 @@ export class Bounds {
             if (!sphere.isEmpty())
                 sphere.radius *= dilation;
         });
-        if (!this.complete)
-            return undefined;
-        if (this.changed)
-            this.token = {};
-        return this.token;
     }
     visit(index, levels, view) {
         const node = at(this.tree, index);
         if (node.geometry.isEmpty())
             return;
-        this.interval(node, view);
-        const low = this.low;
-        const high = this.high;
-        // Infinity marks an unsafe float32 interval; even legal infinite thresholds
-        // cannot exclude the source when the GPU's height may be NaN.
-        let finest = view.forced ?? (high === Infinity ? 0 : fitting(levels, high));
-        const coarsest = view.forced ?? fitting(levels, low);
-        if (view.fades && finest > 0 && high >= at(levels, finest).maxPixels * (1 - FADE) * (1 - ROUND))
-            finest--;
+        const [finest, coarsest] = this.span(node, levels, view, 1);
         if (finest === coarsest) {
             this.changed ||= node.solid !== finest;
             node.solid = finest;
@@ -211,11 +225,32 @@ export class Bounds {
         for (let level = finest; level <= coarsest; level++)
             at(this.levelBoxes, level).union(node.geometry);
     }
+    resetBoxes(levels) {
+        while (this.levelBoxes.length < levels.length)
+            this.levelBoxes.push(new Box3());
+        for (const box of this.levelBoxes)
+            box.makeEmpty();
+    }
+    /**
+     * The finest and coarsest levels `node` may draw, fade partner included, with heights
+     * widened by `margin` for demand. Must match the GPU's selection and `levelOf`.
+     */
+    span(node, levels, view, margin) {
+        this.interval(node, view);
+        const high = this.high / margin;
+        // Infinity marks an unsafe float32 interval; even legal infinite thresholds
+        // cannot exclude the source when the GPU's height may be NaN.
+        let finest = view.forced ?? (high === Infinity ? 0 : lastFitting(levels, high));
+        const coarsest = view.forced ?? lastFitting(levels, this.low);
+        if (view.fades && finest > 0 && high >= at(levels, finest).maxPixels * (1 - FADE) * (1 - ROUND))
+            finest--;
+        return [finest, coarsest];
+    }
     interval(node, view) {
         const distance = node.sphere.center.distanceTo(view.eye);
-        const error = view.eye.length() * ROUND;
-        const near = view.ortho ? 1 : Math.max(distance - node.sphere.radius - error, 1e-6);
-        const far = view.ortho ? 1 : Math.max(distance + node.sphere.radius + error, 1e-6);
+        const roundoff = view.eye.length() * ROUND;
+        const near = view.ortho ? 1 : Math.max(distance - node.sphere.radius - roundoff, 1e-6);
+        const far = view.ortho ? 1 : Math.max(distance + node.sphere.radius + roundoff, 1e-6);
         this.low = ((2 * node.smallest * view.scale) / far) * (1 - ROUND * 4);
         this.high = ((2 * node.largest * view.scale) / near) * (1 + ROUND * 4);
         // Float32 overflow/underflow can invalidate a real-number interval. Keep all
@@ -240,22 +275,10 @@ export function stretch(matrix) {
     const yz = Math.abs(e[4] * e[8] + e[5] * e[9] + e[6] * e[10]);
     return Math.sqrt(Math.max(e[0] ** 2 + e[1] ** 2 + e[2] ** 2 + xy + xz, e[4] ** 2 + e[5] ** 2 + e[6] ** 2 + xy + yz, e[8] ** 2 + e[9] ** 2 + e[10] ** 2 + xz + yz));
 }
-function fitting(levels, height) {
-    for (let i = levels.length - 1; i > 0; i--)
-        if (height <= at(levels, i).maxPixels)
-            return i;
-    return 0;
-}
 function expand(box, center, radius) {
     box.expandByPoint(extent.copy(center).addScalar(-radius));
     box.expandByPoint(extent.copy(center).addScalar(radius));
 }
-function at(values, index) {
-    const value = values[index];
-    if (value === undefined)
-        throw new Error(`InstancedLod bounds: index ${index} out of range`);
-    return value;
-}
 // These broad limits stay well inside float32's squared-length and product range.
 // Outside them, retain all levels and let the GPU make the original selection.
 function unsafe(value) {
@@ -268,4 +291,4 @@ function enclosing(box, sphere) {
         sphere.radius = Infinity;
     }
 }
-//# sourceMappingURL=bounds.js.map
+//# sourceMappingURL=blocks.js.map

package/dist/instanced/blocks.js.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/instanced/dirty.d.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import type { BufferAttribute } from "three/webgpu";
 /** Changed indices, drained as ordered runs without scanning unchanged instances. */
 export declare class Dirty {
     private readonly count;
@@ -10,3 +11,5 @@ export declare class Dirty {
     /** End is exclusive. Edits made by the visitor are not supported. */
     drain(visit: (start: number, end: number) => void): void;
 }
+/** Union pending uploads, including repeated edits while a crowd is not drawn. */
+export declare function upload(attribute: BufferAttribute, start: number, end: number): void;

package/dist/instanced/dirty.js

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { at } from "../at.js";
 /** Changed indices, drained as ordered runs without scanning unchanged instances. */
 export class Dirty {
     count;
@@ -52,10 +53,44 @@ export class Dirty {
             visit(start, end);
     }
 }
-function at(values, index) {
-    const value = values[index];
-    if (value === undefined)
-        throw new Error(`Dirty: index ${index} out of range`);
-    return value;
+/** Union pending uploads, including repeated edits while a crowd is not drawn. */
+export function upload(attribute, start, end) {
+    start *= attribute.itemSize;
+    end *= attribute.itemSize;
+    const ranges = attribute.updateRanges;
+    let low = 0;
+    let high = ranges.length;
+    while (low < high) {
+        const middle = (low + high) >>> 1;
+        const range = at(ranges, middle);
+        if (range.start + range.count < start)
+            low = middle + 1;
+        else
+            high = middle;
+    }
+    const first = ranges[low];
+    if (!first || first.start > end) {
+        const range = { start, count: end - start };
+        if (low === ranges.length)
+            ranges.push(range);
+        else
+            ranges.splice(low, 0, range);
+    }
+    else {
+        end = Math.max(end, first.start + first.count);
+        first.start = Math.min(start, first.start);
+        let next = low + 1;
+        while (next < ranges.length) {
+            const range = at(ranges, next);
+            if (range.start > end)
+                break;
+            end = Math.max(end, range.start + range.count);
+            next++;
+        }
+        first.count = end - first.start;
+        if (next > low + 1)
+            ranges.splice(low + 1, next - low - 1);
+    }
+    attribute.needsUpdate = true;
 }
 //# sourceMappingURL=dirty.js.map

package/dist/instanced/dirty.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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package/dist/instanced/index.d.ts

@@ -1,26 +1,19 @@
 import { type Color, Matrix4, Object3D, Sphere, type Camera, type Intersection, type Raycaster } from "three/webgpu";
-import { type LodLevel } from "../levels.js";
-import { type LevelsEventMap } from "../lazy.js";
+import { type LevelView, type LodLevel } from "../levels.js";
+import { type LevelsEventMap } from "../residency.js";
 import { WIND_BOUNDS } from "../wind/hooks.js";
 /**
- * `count` copies of one object with levels of detail, each switched by its own height on
- * screen: `Lod` for instances. The GPU sorts the instances into levels once per view
- * (see select.ts) and every mesh of a level draws the instances it holds in one indirect
- * draw; an instance near a switch is in both neighbours and they split its pixels with
- * the dither. Thresholds, `forceLevel`, `Lod.quality`, `Lod.debug` and shadows work as
- * for `Lod`; nothing of an instance is drawn into a directional light's shadow map whose
- * texels are wider than it. Each level is culled by the crowd's bounds, tightened for
- * finer levels to the region near the camera where their instances can draw.
+ * Independently selected copies of one object, batched into indirect draws per view.
+ * Thresholds, fades, global settings and shadows follow Lod. Each level's bounds tighten
+ * to the region where its instances can draw. Instance matrices may scale arbitrarily;
+ * the crowd's own transform and its parents should scale uniformly. Scale 0 draws nothing.
  *
- * Instance matrices are model transforms of the object, as for an InstancedMesh; set
- * them with `setMatrixAt`, and instance colours with `setColorAt`. An instance at scale 0
- * draws nothing. Its own transform (and its parents') should scale uniformly; instances
- * may scale any way.
+ * Level templates are cloned, then their meshes are instanced. Skinned meshes,
+ * InstancedMeshes (except ImpostorMesh) and nested Lods are unsupported. For external
+ * detail, leave level 0 empty and draw the instances that `levelOf` reports there.
  *
- * Levels are templates, read when it is built: their meshes are drawn instanced, not
- * added to the scene. They cannot contain skinned meshes, InstancedMeshes (other than an
- * ImpostorMesh) or nested Lods. To build a hierarchy on top, leave level 0 empty (see
- * `Lod`) and draw the detail of the instances `levelOf` reports at level 0 yourself.
+ * Requires WebGPU `indirect-first-instance`. Sequential cameras are supported; nested
+ * renders replace the outer selection, so exclude this crowd with camera layers.
  */
 export declare class InstancedLod extends Object3D<LevelsEventMap> {
     readonly isLOD = true;
@@ -29,22 +22,15 @@ export declare class InstancedLod extends Object3D<LevelsEventMap> {
     autoUpdate: boolean;
     /** Draw only this level for every instance, without fades. */
     forceLevel: number | null;
-    readonly levels: readonly LodLevel[];
+    readonly levels: readonly LevelView[];
     readonly count: number;
     private readonly entries;
-    /** Per level, the meshes drawing it. */
-    private readonly meshes;
     private readonly probes;
     private selection;
-    private fallback;
-    private readonly installed;
+    private meshes;
+    private readonly residency;
     private disposed;
-    /** Instance matrices, 16 floats each: the selection uploads them from here. */
-    private readonly matrices;
-    /** Instance colours, 4 floats each, once `setColorAt` was called. */
-    private colors;
-    /** Each instance's bounding sphere, centre and radius, in the InstancedLod's space. */
-    private readonly spheres;
+    private readonly store;
     /** Bounding sphere of the source in an instance's space. */
     private readonly sphere;
     /** Every placed level, kept separate from the source sphere used for LOD selection. */
@@ -58,44 +44,35 @@ export declare class InstancedLod extends Object3D<LevelsEventMap> {
     private readonly demand;
     /** Source-radius padding for the shadow caster cutoff; culling pads every level separately. */
     private padding;
-    private readonly matrixChanges;
-    private readonly colorChanges;
     private blocks;
     private readonly last;
+    get pending(): boolean;
+    get error(): Error | undefined;
     /** `levels[0]` is the source. Empty only as the target of `copy`. */
-    constructor(levels?: Object3D[], count?: number);
+    constructor(levels?: readonly LodLevel[], count?: number);
     private build;
-    /** Install ready atlas templates atomically before selecting this view. */
-    private refresh;
-    /** Bound what the level meshes draw, including template placement and impostor boxes. */
+    /** Compile only the arriving level; bounds and instance buffers stay fixed. */
+    private install;
+    /** Metadata includes unloaded levels, so later arrivals cannot enlarge this envelope. */
     private boundLevels;
-    /** Material group `group` of `template` drawn for every instance in `level`'s slots, from indirect draw arguments at byte `offset`. */
-    private instance;
-    private bind;
     setMatrixAt(index: number, matrix: Matrix4): void;
     getMatrixAt(index: number, matrix: Matrix4): Matrix4;
     /** Tint instance `index` by `color`, as InstancedMesh.setColorAt does, in every level. */
     setColorAt(index: number, color: Color): void;
     /** Instance `index`'s colour: white unless set. */
     getColorAt(index: number, color: Color): Color;
-    /** Carry `colors` with the instances from now on: every level's meshes draw them. */
-    private useColors;
     /**
      * The finest level instance `index` drew in the last update, or null before the first
      * (or at scale 0). Inside a fade the next coarser level draws too.
      */
     levelOf(index: number): number | null;
-    private check;
     /** Source radius padded for the level shaders' shadow caster cutoff. */
     private get drawRadius();
     [WIND_BOUNDS](padding: number, slope: number, baseY: number): void;
-    /** Measure only changed matrices; matrix and colour uploads have separate ranges. */
-    private measure;
-    private measureChanges;
-    /** Sort the instances into levels for `camera`; three's renderer calls this itself while `autoUpdate`. */
+    /** Sort instances for `camera`; demand begins after its first drawing context exists. */
     update(camera: Camera): void;
-    /** Only levels whose conservative bounds contain a possible selected instance. */
-    private showLevels;
+    /** Move each level's reach to the level that draws in its place: its fallback, and during a handover also its previous one. */
+    private reroute;
     /**
      * Hits every instance's source level, with `instanceId` set; `object` is this
      * InstancedLod. Meshes of the source on layers the raycaster does not test are skipped.
@@ -107,10 +84,7 @@ export declare class InstancedLod extends Object3D<LevelsEventMap> {
      */
     copy(source: InstancedLod): this;
     clone(): this;
-    /**
-     * Frees every level, the source included, and the instanced meshes. Clones share
-     * geometry and textures, so dispose only once no clone draws any more.
-     */
+    /** Release drawables and templates only after every owner sharing their geometry, materials and textures has stopped drawing. */
     dispose(): void;
     private clearDraws;
 }