npm - @donkeylabs/server - Versions diffs - 0.2.6 → 0.2.9 - Mend

@donkeylabs/server 0.2.6 → 0.2.9

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package/examples/starter/node_modules/kysely-bun-sqlite/node_modules/bun-types/docs/bundler/fullstack.mdx ADDED Viewed

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+---
+title: "Fullstack dev server"
+description: "Build fullstack applications with Bun's integrated dev server that bundles frontend assets and handles API routes"
+---
+To get started, import HTML files and pass them to the `routes` option in `Bun.serve()`.
+```ts title="app.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import { serve } from "bun";
+import dashboard from "./dashboard.html";
+import homepage from "./index.html";
+const server = serve({
+  routes: {
+    // ** HTML imports **
+    // Bundle & route index.html to "/". This uses HTMLRewriter to scan
+    // the HTML for `<script>` and `<link>` tags, runs Bun's JavaScript
+    // & CSS bundler on them, transpiles any TypeScript, JSX, and TSX,
+    // downlevels CSS with Bun's CSS parser and serves the result.
+    "/": homepage,
+    // Bundle & route dashboard.html to "/dashboard"
+    "/dashboard": dashboard,
+    // ** API endpoints ** (Bun v1.2.3+ required)
+    "/api/users": {
+      async GET(req) {
+        const users = await sql`SELECT * FROM users`;
+        return Response.json(users);
+      },
+      async POST(req) {
+        const { name, email } = await req.json();
+        const [user] = await sql`INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES (${name}, ${email})`;
+        return Response.json(user);
+      },
+    },
+    "/api/users/:id": async req => {
+      const { id } = req.params;
+      const [user] = await sql`SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ${id}`;
+      return Response.json(user);
+    },
+  },
+  // Enable development mode for:
+  // - Detailed error messages
+  // - Hot reloading (Bun v1.2.3+ required)
+  development: true,
+});
+console.log(`Listening on ${server.url}`);
+```
+```bash terminal icon="terminal"
+bun run app.ts
+```
+## HTML Routes
+### HTML Imports as Routes
+The web starts with HTML, and so does Bun's fullstack dev server.
+To specify entrypoints to your frontend, import HTML files into your JavaScript/TypeScript/TSX/JSX files.
+```ts title="app.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import dashboard from "./dashboard.html";
+import homepage from "./index.html";
+```
+These HTML files are used as routes in Bun's dev server you can pass to `Bun.serve()`.
+```ts title="app.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+Bun.serve({
+  routes: {
+    "/": homepage,
+    "/dashboard": dashboard,
+  },
+  fetch(req) {
+    // ... api requests
+  },
+});
+```
+When you make a request to `/dashboard` or `/`, Bun automatically bundles the `<script>` and `<link>` tags in the HTML files, exposes them as static routes, and serves the result.
+### HTML Processing Example
+An `index.html` file like this:
+```html title="index.html" icon="file-code"
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Home</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./reset.css" />
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./styles.css" />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="root"></div>
+    <script type="module" src="./sentry-and-preloads.ts"></script>
+    <script type="module" src="./my-app.tsx"></script>
+  </body>
+</html>
+```
+Becomes something like this:
+```html title="index.html" icon="file-code"
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Home</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/index-[hash].css" />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="root"></div>
+    <script type="module" src="/index-[hash].js"></script>
+  </body>
+</html>
+```
+## React Integration
+To use React in your client-side code, import `react-dom/client` and render your app.
+<CodeGroup>
+```ts title="src/backend.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import dashboard from "../public/dashboard.html";
+import { serve } from "bun";
+serve({
+routes: {
+"/": dashboard,
+},
+async fetch(req) {
+// ...api requests
+return new Response("hello world");
+},
+});
+````
+```tsx title="src/frontend.tsx" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client';
+import App from './app';
+const container = document.getElementById('root');
+const root = createRoot(container!);
+root.render(<App />);
+````
+```html title="public/dashboard.html" icon="file-code"
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Dashboard</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../src/styles.css" />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="root"></div>
+    <script type="module" src="../src/frontend.tsx"></script>
+  </body>
+</html>
+```
+```tsx title="src/app.tsx" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import { useState } from "react";
+export default function App() {
+  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <h1>Dashboard</h1>
+      <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>Count: {count}</button>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+</CodeGroup>
+## Development Mode
+When building locally, enable development mode by setting `development: true` in `Bun.serve()`.
+```ts title="src/backend.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import homepage from "./index.html";
+import dashboard from "./dashboard.html";
+Bun.serve({
+  routes: {
+    "/": homepage,
+    "/dashboard": dashboard,
+  },
+  development: true,
+  fetch(req) {
+    // ... api requests
+  },
+});
+```
+### Development Mode Features
+When `development` is `true`, Bun will:
+- Include the SourceMap header in the response so that devtools can show the original source code
+- Disable minification
+- Re-bundle assets on each request to a `.html` file
+- Enable hot module reloading (unless `hmr: false` is set)
+- Echo console logs from browser to terminal
+### Advanced Development Configuration
+`Bun.serve()` supports echoing console logs from the browser to the terminal.
+To enable this, pass `console: true` in the development object in `Bun.serve()`.
+```ts title="src/backend.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import homepage from "./index.html";
+Bun.serve({
+  // development can also be an object.
+  development: {
+    // Enable Hot Module Reloading
+    hmr: true,
+    // Echo console logs from the browser to the terminal
+    console: true,
+  },
+  routes: {
+    "/": homepage,
+  },
+});
+```
+When `console: true` is set, Bun will stream console logs from the browser to the terminal. This reuses the existing WebSocket connection from HMR to send the logs.
+### Development vs Production
+| Feature             | Development           | Production  |
+| ------------------- | --------------------- | ----------- |
+| **Source maps**     | ✅ Enabled            | ❌ Disabled |
+| **Minification**    | ❌ Disabled           | ✅ Enabled  |
+| **Hot reloading**   | ✅ Enabled            | ❌ Disabled |
+| **Asset bundling**  | 🔄 On each request    | 💾 Cached   |
+| **Console logging** | 🖥️ Browser → Terminal | ❌ Disabled |
+| **Error details**   | 📝 Detailed           | 🔒 Minimal  |
+## Production Mode
+Hot reloading and `development: true` helps you iterate quickly, but in production, your server should be as fast as possible and have as few external dependencies as possible.
+### Ahead of Time Bundling (Recommended)
+As of Bun v1.2.17, you can use `Bun.build` or `bun build` to bundle your full-stack application ahead of time.
+```bash terminal icon="terminal"
+bun build --target=bun --production --outdir=dist ./src/index.ts
+```
+When Bun's bundler sees an HTML import from server-side code, it will bundle the referenced JavaScript/TypeScript/TSX/JSX and CSS files into a manifest object that `Bun.serve()` can use to serve the assets.
+```ts title="src/backend.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import { serve } from "bun";
+import index from "./index.html";
+serve({
+  routes: { "/": index },
+});
+```
+### Runtime Bundling
+When adding a build step is too complicated, you can set `development: false` in `Bun.serve()`.
+This will:
+- Enable in-memory caching of bundled assets. Bun will bundle assets lazily on the first request to an `.html` file, and cache the result in memory until the server restarts.
+- Enable `Cache-Control` headers and `ETag` headers
+- Minify JavaScript/TypeScript/TSX/JSX files
+```ts title="src/backend.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import { serve } from "bun";
+import homepage from "./index.html";
+serve({
+  routes: {
+    "/": homepage,
+  },
+  // Production mode
+  development: false,
+});
+```
+## API Routes
+### HTTP Method Handlers
+Define API endpoints with HTTP method handlers:
+```ts title="src/backend.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import { serve } from "bun";
+serve({
+  routes: {
+    "/api/users": {
+      async GET(req) {
+        // Handle GET requests
+        const users = await getUsers();
+        return Response.json(users);
+      },
+      async POST(req) {
+        // Handle POST requests
+        const userData = await req.json();
+        const user = await createUser(userData);
+        return Response.json(user, { status: 201 });
+      },
+      async PUT(req) {
+        // Handle PUT requests
+        const userData = await req.json();
+        const user = await updateUser(userData);
+        return Response.json(user);
+      },
+      async DELETE(req) {
+        // Handle DELETE requests
+        await deleteUser(req.params.id);
+        return new Response(null, { status: 204 });
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+### Dynamic Routes
+Use URL parameters in your routes:
+```ts title="src/backend.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+serve({
+  routes: {
+    // Single parameter
+    "/api/users/:id": async req => {
+      const { id } = req.params;
+      const user = await getUserById(id);
+      return Response.json(user);
+    },
+    // Multiple parameters
+    "/api/users/:userId/posts/:postId": async req => {
+      const { userId, postId } = req.params;
+      const post = await getPostByUser(userId, postId);
+      return Response.json(post);
+    },
+    // Wildcard routes
+    "/api/files/*": async req => {
+      const filePath = req.params["*"];
+      const file = await getFile(filePath);
+      return new Response(file);
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+### Request Handling
+```ts title="src/backend.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+serve({
+  routes: {
+    "/api/data": {
+      async POST(req) {
+        // Parse JSON body
+        const body = await req.json();
+        // Access headers
+        const auth = req.headers.get("Authorization");
+        // Access URL parameters
+        const { id } = req.params;
+        // Access query parameters
+        const url = new URL(req.url);
+        const page = url.searchParams.get("page") || "1";
+        // Return response
+        return Response.json({
+          message: "Data processed",
+          page: parseInt(page),
+          authenticated: !!auth,
+        });
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+## Plugins
+Bun's bundler plugins are also supported when bundling static routes.
+To configure plugins for `Bun.serve`, add a `plugins` array in the `[serve.static]` section of your `bunfig.toml`.
+### TailwindCSS Plugin
+You can use TailwindCSS by installing and adding the `tailwindcss` package and `bun-plugin-tailwind` plugin.
+```bash terminal icon="terminal"
+bun add tailwindcss bun-plugin-tailwind
+```
+```toml title="bunfig.toml" icon="settings"
+[serve.static]
+plugins = ["bun-plugin-tailwind"]
+```
+This will allow you to use TailwindCSS utility classes in your HTML and CSS files. All you need to do is import `tailwindcss` somewhere:
+```html title="index.html" icon="file-code"
+<!doctype html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <!-- [!code ++] -->
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="tailwindcss" />
+  </head>
+  <!-- the rest of your HTML... -->
+</html>
+```
+Alternatively, you can import TailwindCSS in your CSS file:
+```css title="style.css" icon="file-code"
+@import "tailwindcss";
+.custom-class {
+  @apply bg-red-500 text-white;
+}
+```
+```html index.html icon="file-code"
+<!doctype html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <!-- [!code ++] -->
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./style.css" />
+  </head>
+  <!-- the rest of your HTML... -->
+</html>
+```
+### Custom Plugins
+Any JS file or module which exports a valid bundler plugin object (essentially an object with a `name` and `setup` field) can be placed inside the plugins array:
+```toml title="bunfig.toml" icon="settings"
+[serve.static]
+plugins = ["./my-plugin-implementation.ts"]
+```
+```ts title="my-plugin-implementation.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import type { BunPlugin } from "bun";
+const myPlugin: BunPlugin = {
+  name: "my-custom-plugin",
+  setup(build) {
+    // Plugin implementation
+    build.onLoad({ filter: /\.custom$/ }, async args => {
+      const text = await Bun.file(args.path).text();
+      return {
+        contents: `export default ${JSON.stringify(text)};`,
+        loader: "js",
+      };
+    });
+  },
+};
+export default myPlugin;
+```
+Bun will lazily resolve and load each plugin and use them to bundle your routes.
+<Note>
+  This is currently in `bunfig.toml` to make it possible to know statically which plugins are in use when we eventually
+  integrate this with the `bun build` CLI. These plugins work in `Bun.build()`'s JS API, but are not yet supported in
+  the CLI.
+</Note>
+## Inline Environment Variables
+Bun can replace `process.env.*` references in your frontend JavaScript and TypeScript with their actual values at build time. Configure the `env` option in your `bunfig.toml`:
+```toml title="bunfig.toml" icon="settings"
+[serve.static]
+env = "PUBLIC_*"  # only inline env vars starting with PUBLIC_ (recommended)
+# env = "inline"  # inline all environment variables
+# env = "disable" # disable env var replacement (default)
+```
+<Note>
+  This only works with literal `process.env.FOO` references, not `import.meta.env` or indirect access like `const env =
+  process.env; env.FOO`.
+If an environment variable is not set, you may see runtime errors like `ReferenceError: process
+  is not defined` in the browser.
+</Note>
+See the [HTML & static sites documentation](/docs/bundler/html-static#inline-environment-variables) for more details on build-time configuration and examples.
+## How It Works
+Bun uses `HTMLRewriter` to scan for `<script>` and `<link>` tags in HTML files, uses them as entrypoints for Bun's bundler, generates an optimized bundle for the JavaScript/TypeScript/TSX/JSX and CSS files, and serves the result.
+### Processing Pipeline
+<Steps>
+<Step title="1. <script> Processing">
+- Transpiles TypeScript, JSX, and TSX in `<script>` tags
+- Bundles imported dependencies
+- Generates sourcemaps for debugging
+- Minifies when `development` is not `true` in `Bun.serve()`
+```html title="index.html" icon="file-code"
+<script type="module" src="./counter.tsx"></script>
+```
+</Step>
+<Step title="2. <link> Processing">
+- Processes CSS imports and `<link>` tags
+- Concatenates CSS files
+- Rewrites url and asset paths to include content-addressable hashes in URLs
+```html title="index.html" icon="file-code"
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="./styles.css" />
+```
+</Step>
+<Step title="3. <img> & Asset Processing">
+- Links to assets are rewritten to include content-addressable hashes in URLs
+- Small assets in CSS files are inlined into `data:` URLs, reducing the total number of HTTP requests sent over the wire
+</Step>
+<Step title="4. HTML Rewriting">
+- Combines all `<script>` tags into a single `<script>` tag with a content-addressable hash in the URL
+- Combines all `<link>` tags into a single `<link>` tag with a content-addressable hash in the URL
+- Outputs a new HTML file
+</Step>
+<Step title="5. Serving">
+- All the output files from the bundler are exposed as static routes, using the same mechanism internally as when you pass a Response object to `static` in `Bun.serve()`.
+- This works similarly to how `Bun.build` processes HTML files.
+</Step>
+</Steps>
+## Complete Example
+Here's a complete fullstack application example:
+```ts title="server.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+import { serve } from "bun";
+import { Database } from "bun:sqlite";
+import homepage from "./public/index.html";
+import dashboard from "./public/dashboard.html";
+// Initialize database
+const db = new Database("app.db");
+db.exec(`
+  CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
+    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
+    name TEXT NOT NULL,
+    email TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
+    created_at DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
+  )
+`);
+const server = serve({
+  routes: {
+    // Frontend routes
+    "/": homepage,
+    "/dashboard": dashboard,
+    // API routes
+    "/api/users": {
+      async GET() {
+        const users = db.query("SELECT * FROM users").all();
+        return Response.json(users);
+      },
+      async POST(req) {
+        const { name, email } = await req.json();
+        try {
+          const result = db.query("INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES (?, ?) RETURNING *").get(name, email);
+          return Response.json(result, { status: 201 });
+        } catch (error) {
+          return Response.json({ error: "Email already exists" }, { status: 400 });
+        }
+      },
+    },
+    "/api/users/:id": {
+      async GET(req) {
+        const { id } = req.params;
+        const user = db.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?").get(id);
+        if (!user) {
+          return Response.json({ error: "User not found" }, { status: 404 });
+        }
+        return Response.json(user);
+      },
+      async DELETE(req) {
+        const { id } = req.params;
+        const result = db.query("DELETE FROM users WHERE id = ?").run(id);
+        if (result.changes === 0) {
+          return Response.json({ error: "User not found" }, { status: 404 });
+        }
+        return new Response(null, { status: 204 });
+      },
+    },
+    // Health check endpoint
+    "/api/health": {
+      GET() {
+        return Response.json({
+          status: "ok",
+          timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
+        });
+      },
+    },
+  },
+  // Enable development mode
+  development: {
+    hmr: true,
+    console: true,
+  },
+  // Fallback for unmatched routes
+  fetch(req) {
+    return new Response("Not Found", { status: 404 });
+  },
+});
+console.log(`🚀 Server running on ${server.url}`);
+```
+```html title="public/index.html" icon="file-code"
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+    <title>Fullstack Bun App</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../src/styles.css" />
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="root"></div>
+    <script type="module" src="../src/main.tsx"></script>
+  </body>
+</html>
+```
+```tsx title="src/main.tsx"
+import { createRoot } from "react-dom/client";
+import { App } from "./App";
+const container = document.getElementById("root")!;
+const root = createRoot(container);
+root.render(<App />);
+```
+```tsx title="src/App.tsx"
+import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
+interface User {
+  id: number;
+  name: string;
+  email: string;
+  created_at: string;
+}
+export function App() {
+  const [users, setUsers] = useState<User[]>([]);
+  const [name, setName] = useState("");
+  const [email, setEmail] = useState("");
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false);
+  const fetchUsers = async () => {
+    const response = await fetch("/api/users");
+    const data = await response.json();
+    setUsers(data);
+  };
+  const createUser = async (e: React.FormEvent) => {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    setLoading(true);
+    try {
+      const response = await fetch("/api/users", {
+        method: "POST",
+        headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
+        body: JSON.stringify({ name, email }),
+      });
+      if (response.ok) {
+        setName("");
+        setEmail("");
+        await fetchUsers();
+      } else {
+        const error = await response.json();
+        alert(error.error);
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      alert("Failed to create user");
+    } finally {
+      setLoading(false);
+    }
+  };
+  const deleteUser = async (id: number) => {
+    if (!confirm("Are you sure?")) return;
+    try {
+      const response = await fetch(`/api/users/${id}`, {
+        method: "DELETE",
+      });
+      if (response.ok) {
+        await fetchUsers();
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      alert("Failed to delete user");
+    }
+  };
+  useEffect(() => {
+    fetchUsers();
+  }, []);
+  return (
+    <div className="container">
+      <h1>User Management</h1>
+      <form onSubmit={createUser} className="form">
+        <input type="text" placeholder="Name" value={name} onChange={e => setName(e.target.value)} required />
+        <input type="email" placeholder="Email" value={email} onChange={e => setEmail(e.target.value)} required />
+        <button type="submit" disabled={loading}>
+          {loading ? "Creating..." : "Create User"}
+        </button>
+      </form>
+      <div className="users">
+        <h2>Users ({users.length})</h2>
+        {users.map(user => (
+          <div key={user.id} className="user-card">
+            <div>
+              <strong>{user.name}</strong>
+              <br />
+              <span>{user.email}</span>
+            </div>
+            <button onClick={() => deleteUser(user.id)} className="delete-btn">
+              Delete
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        ))}
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+```
+```css title="src/styles.css" icon="file-code"
+* {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0;
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+body {
+  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
+  background: #f5f5f5;
+  color: #333;
+}
+.container {
+  max-width: 800px;
+  margin: 0 auto;
+  padding: 2rem;
+}
+h1 {
+  color: #2563eb;
+  margin-bottom: 2rem;
+}
+.form {
+  background: white;
+  padding: 1.5rem;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
+  margin-bottom: 2rem;
+  display: flex;
+  gap: 1rem;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+}
+.form input {
+  flex: 1;
+  min-width: 200px;
+  padding: 0.75rem;
+  border: 1px solid #ddd;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+}
+.form button {
+  padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
+  background: #2563eb;
+  color: white;
+  border: none;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+.form button:hover {
+  background: #1d4ed8;
+}
+.form button:disabled {
+  opacity: 0.5;
+  cursor: not-allowed;
+}
+.users {
+  background: white;
+  padding: 1.5rem;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
+}
+.user-card {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: center;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;
+}
+.user-card:last-child {
+  border-bottom: none;
+}
+.delete-btn {
+  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
+  background: #dc2626;
+  color: white;
+  border: none;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+.delete-btn:hover {
+  background: #b91c1c;
+}
+```
+## Best Practices
+### Project Structure
+```
+my-app/
+├── src/
+│   ├── components/
+│   │   ├── Header.tsx
+│   │   └── UserList.tsx
+│   ├── styles/
+│   │   ├── globals.css
+│   │   └── components.css
+│   ├── utils/
+│   │   └── api.ts
+│   ├── App.tsx
+│   └── main.tsx
+├── public/
+│   ├── index.html
+│   ├── dashboard.html
+│   └── favicon.ico
+├── server/
+│   ├── routes/
+│   │   ├── users.ts
+│   │   └── auth.ts
+│   ├── db/
+│   │   └── schema.sql
+│   └── index.ts
+├── bunfig.toml
+└── package.json
+```
+### Environment-Based Configuration
+```ts title="server/config.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+export const config = {
+  development: process.env.NODE_ENV !== "production",
+  port: process.env.PORT || 3000,
+  database: {
+    url: process.env.DATABASE_URL || "./dev.db",
+  },
+  cors: {
+    origin: process.env.CORS_ORIGIN || "*",
+  },
+};
+```
+### Error Handling
+```ts title="server/middleware.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+export function errorHandler(error: Error, req: Request) {
+  console.error("Server error:", error);
+  if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "production") {
+    return Response.json({ error: "Internal server error" }, { status: 500 });
+  }
+  return Response.json(
+    {
+      error: error.message,
+      stack: error.stack,
+    },
+    { status: 500 },
+  );
+}
+```
+### API Response Helpers
+```ts title="server/utils.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+export function json(data: any, status = 200) {
+  return Response.json(data, { status });
+}
+export function error(message: string, status = 400) {
+  return Response.json({ error: message }, { status });
+}
+export function notFound(message = "Not found") {
+  return error(message, 404);
+}
+export function unauthorized(message = "Unauthorized") {
+  return error(message, 401);
+}
+```
+### Type Safety
+```ts title="types/api.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+export interface User {
+  id: number;
+  name: string;
+  email: string;
+  created_at: string;
+}
+export interface CreateUserRequest {
+  name: string;
+  email: string;
+}
+export interface ApiResponse<T> {
+  data?: T;
+  error?: string;
+}
+```
+## Deployment
+### Production Build
+```bash terminal icon="terminal"
+# Build for production
+bun build --target=bun --production --outdir=dist ./server/index.ts
+# Run production server
+NODE_ENV=production bun dist/index.js
+```
+### Docker Deployment
+```dockerfile title="Dockerfile" icon="docker"
+FROM oven/bun:1 as base
+WORKDIR /usr/src/app
+# Install dependencies
+COPY package.json bun.lockb ./
+RUN bun install --frozen-lockfile
+# Copy source code
+COPY . .
+# Build application
+RUN bun build --target=bun --production --outdir=dist ./server/index.ts
+# Production stage
+FROM oven/bun:1-slim
+WORKDIR /usr/src/app
+COPY --from=base /usr/src/app/dist ./
+COPY --from=base /usr/src/app/public ./public
+EXPOSE 3000
+CMD ["bun", "index.js"]
+```
+### Environment Variables
+```ini title=".env.production" icon="file-code"
+NODE_ENV=production
+PORT=3000
+DATABASE_URL=postgresql://user:pass@localhost:5432/myapp
+CORS_ORIGIN=https://myapp.com
+```
+## Migration from Other Frameworks
+### From Express + Webpack
+```ts title="server.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+// Before (Express + Webpack)
+app.use(express.static("dist"));
+app.get("/api/users", (req, res) => {
+  res.json(users);
+});
+// After (Bun fullstack)
+serve({
+  routes: {
+    "/": homepage, // Replaces express.static
+    "/api/users": {
+      GET() {
+        return Response.json(users);
+      },
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+### From Next.js API Routes
+```ts title="server.ts" icon="/icons/typescript.svg"
+// Before (Next.js)
+export default function handler(req, res) {
+  if (req.method === 'GET') {
+    res.json(users);
+  }
+}
+// After (Bun)
+"/api/users": {
+  GET() { return Response.json(users); }
+}
+```
+## Limitations and Future Plans
+### Current Limitations
+- `bun build` CLI integration is not yet available for fullstack apps
+- Auto-discovery of API routes is not implemented
+- Server-side rendering (SSR) is not built-in
+### Planned Features
+- Integration with `bun build` CLI
+- File-based routing for API endpoints
+- Built-in SSR support
+- Enhanced plugin ecosystem
+<Note>This is a work in progress. Features and APIs may change as Bun continues to evolve.</Note>