@digitalbazaar/vc 2.0.0 → 4.0.0

package/lib/index.js

@@ -1,8 +1,657 @@
 /**
- * A library for working with verifiable credentials - vc library.
+ * A JavaScript implementation of Verifiable Credentials.
  *
+ * @author Dave Longley
  * @author David I. Lehn
  *
- * Copyright 2017-2021 Digital Bazaar, Inc.
+ * @license BSD 3-Clause License
+ * Copyright (c) 2017-2022 Digital Bazaar, Inc.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+ * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+ *
+ * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+ * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ *
+ * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+ * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+ * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+ *
+ * Neither the name of the Digital Bazaar, Inc. nor the names of its
+ * contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+ * this software without specific prior written permission.
+ *
+ * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
+ * IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
+ * PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+ * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+ * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
+ * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
+ * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
+ * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+ * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+import jsonld from 'jsonld';
+import jsigs from 'jsonld-signatures';
+import {CredentialIssuancePurpose} from './CredentialIssuancePurpose.js';
+import {documentLoader as _documentLoader} from './documentLoader.js';
+export const defaultDocumentLoader =
+  jsigs.extendContextLoader(_documentLoader);
+import * as credentialsContext from 'credentials-context';
+
+const {AuthenticationProofPurpose} = jsigs.purposes;
+const {constants: {CREDENTIALS_CONTEXT_V1_URL}} = credentialsContext;
+
+export {CredentialIssuancePurpose};
+
+// Z and T can be lowercase
+// RFC3339 regex
+export const dateRegex = new RegExp('^(\\d{4})-(0[1-9]|1[0-2])-' +
+    '(0[1-9]|[12][0-9]|3[01])T([01][0-9]|2[0-3]):' +
+    '([0-5][0-9]):([0-5][0-9]|60)' +
+    '(\\.[0-9]+)?(Z|(\\+|-)([01][0-9]|2[0-3]):' +
+    '([0-5][0-9]))$', 'i');
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {object} LinkedDataSignature
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {object} Presentation
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {object} ProofPurpose
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {object} VerifiableCredential
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {object} VerifiablePresentation
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {object} VerifyPresentationResult
+ * @property {boolean} verified - True if verified, false if not.
+ * @property {object} presentationResult
+ * @property {Array} credentialResults
+ * @property {object} error
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @typedef {object} VerifyCredentialResult
+ * @property {boolean} verified - True if verified, false if not.
+ * @property {object} statusResult
+ * @property {Array} results
+ * @property {object} error
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Issues a verifiable credential (by taking a base credential document,
+ * and adding a digital signature to it).
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options={}] - The options to use.
+ *
+ * @param {object} options.credential - Base credential document.
+ * @param {LinkedDataSignature} options.suite - Signature suite (with private
+ *   key material), passed in to sign().
+ *
+ * @param {ProofPurpose} [options.purpose] - A ProofPurpose. If not specified,
+ *   a default purpose will be created.
+ *
+ * Other optional params passed to `sign()`:
+ * @param {object} [options.documentLoader] - A document loader.
+ * @param {object} [options.expansionMap] - An expansion map.
+ * @param {string|Date} [options.now] - A string representing date time in
+ *   ISO 8601 format or an instance of Date. Defaults to current date time.
+ *
+ * @throws {Error} If missing required properties.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<VerifiableCredential>} Resolves on completion.
+ */
+export async function issue({
+  credential, suite, expansionMap,
+  purpose = new CredentialIssuancePurpose(),
+  documentLoader = defaultDocumentLoader,
+  now
+} = {}) {
+  // check to make sure the `suite` has required params
+  // Note: verificationMethod defaults to publicKey.id, in suite constructor
+  if(!suite) {
+    throw new TypeError('"suite" parameter is required for issuing.');
+  }
+  if(!suite.verificationMethod) {
+    throw new TypeError('"suite.verificationMethod" property is required.');
+  }
+
+  if(!credential) {
+    throw new TypeError('"credential" parameter is required for issuing.');
+  }
+
+  // Set the issuance date to now(), if missing
+  if(!credential.issuanceDate) {
+    const now = (new Date()).toJSON();
+    credential.issuanceDate = `${now.substr(0, now.length - 5)}Z`;
+  }
+
+  // run common credential checks
+  _checkCredential({credential, now});
+
+  return jsigs.sign(credential, {purpose, documentLoader, suite, expansionMap});
+}
+
+/**
+ * Verifies a verifiable presentation:
+ *   - Checks that the presentation is well-formed
+ *   - Checks the proofs (for example, checks digital signatures against the
+ *     provided public keys).
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options={}] - The options to use.
+ *
+ * @param {VerifiablePresentation} options.presentation - Verifiable
+ *   presentation, signed or unsigned, that may contain within it a
+ *   verifiable credential.
+ *
+ * @param {LinkedDataSignature|LinkedDataSignature[]} options.suite - One or
+ *   more signature suites that are supported by the caller's use case. This is
+ *   an explicit design decision -- the calling code must specify which
+ *   signature types (ed25519, RSA, etc) are allowed.
+ *   Although it is expected that the secure resolution/fetching of the public
+ *   key material (to verify against) is to be handled by the documentLoader,
+ *   the suite param can optionally include the key directly.
+ *
+ * @param {boolean} [options.unsignedPresentation=false] - By default, this
+ *   function assumes that a presentation is signed (and will return an error if
+ *   a `proof` section is missing). Set this to `true` if you're using an
+ *   unsigned presentation.
+ *
+ * Either pass in a proof purpose,
+ * @param {AuthenticationProofPurpose} [options.presentationPurpose] - Optional
+ *   proof purpose (a default one will be created if not passed in).
+ *
+ * or a default purpose will be created with params:
+ * @param {string} [options.challenge] - Required if purpose is not passed in.
+ * @param {string} [options.controller] - A controller.
+ * @param {string} [options.domain] - A domain.
+ *
+ * @param {Function} [options.documentLoader] - A document loader.
+ * @param {Function} [options.checkStatus] - Optional function for checking
+ *   credential status if `credentialStatus` is present on the credential.
+ * @param {string|Date} [options.now] - A string representing date time in
+ *   ISO 8601 format or an instance of Date. Defaults to current date time.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<VerifyPresentationResult>} The verification result.
+ */
+export async function verify(options = {}) {
+  const {presentation} = options;
+  try {
+    if(!presentation) {
+      throw new TypeError(
+        'A "presentation" property is required for verifying.');
+    }
+    return _verifyPresentation(options);
+  } catch(error) {
+    return {
+      verified: false,
+      results: [{presentation, verified: false, error}],
+      error
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Verifies a verifiable credential:
+ *   - Checks that the credential is well-formed
+ *   - Checks the proofs (for example, checks digital signatures against the
+ *     provided public keys).
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options={}] - The options.
+ *
+ * @param {object} options.credential - Verifiable credential.
+ *
+ * @param {LinkedDataSignature|LinkedDataSignature[]} options.suite - One or
+ *   more signature suites that are supported by the caller's use case. This is
+ *   an explicit design decision -- the calling code must specify which
+ *   signature types (ed25519, RSA, etc) are allowed.
+ *   Although it is expected that the secure resolution/fetching of the public
+ *   key material (to verify against) is to be handled by the documentLoader,
+ *   the suite param can optionally include the key directly.
+ *
+ * @param {CredentialIssuancePurpose} [options.purpose] - Optional
+ *   proof purpose (a default one will be created if not passed in).
+ * @param {Function} [options.documentLoader] - A document loader.
+ * @param {Function} [options.checkStatus] - Optional function for checking
+ *   credential status if `credentialStatus` is present on the credential.
+ * @param {string|Date} [options.now] - A string representing date time in
+ *   ISO 8601 format or an instance of Date. Defaults to current date time.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<VerifyCredentialResult>} The verification result.
+ */
+export async function verifyCredential(options = {}) {
+  const {credential} = options;
+  try {
+    if(!credential) {
+      throw new TypeError(
+        'A "credential" property is required for verifying.');
+    }
+    return await _verifyCredential(options);
+  } catch(error) {
+    return {
+      verified: false,
+      results: [{credential, verified: false, error}],
+      error
+    };
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Verifies a verifiable credential.
+ *
+ * @private
+ * @param {object} [options={}] - The options.
+ *
+ * @param {object} options.credential - Verifiable credential.
+ * @param {LinkedDataSignature|LinkedDataSignature[]} options.suite - See the
+ *   definition in the `verify()` docstring, for this param.
+ * @param {string|Date} [options.now] - A string representing date time in
+ *   ISO 8601 format or an instance of Date. Defaults to current date time.
+ *
+ * @throws {Error} If required parameters are missing (in `_checkCredential`).
+ *
+ * @param {CredentialIssuancePurpose} [options.purpose] - A purpose.
+ * @param {Function} [options.documentLoader] - A document loader.
+ * @param {Function} [options.checkStatus] - Optional function for checking
+ *   credential status if `credentialStatus` is present on the credential.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<VerifyCredentialResult>} The verification result.
+ */
+async function _verifyCredential(options = {}) {
+  const {credential, checkStatus, now} = options;
+
+  // run common credential checks
+  _checkCredential({credential, now});
+
+  // if credential status is provided, a `checkStatus` function must be given
+  if(credential.credentialStatus && typeof options.checkStatus !== 'function') {
+    throw new TypeError(
+      'A "checkStatus" function must be given to verify credentials with ' +
+      '"credentialStatus".');
+  }
+
+  const documentLoader = options.documentLoader || defaultDocumentLoader;
+
+  const {controller} = options;
+  const purpose = options.purpose || new CredentialIssuancePurpose({
+    controller
+  });
+
+  const result = await jsigs.verify(
+    credential, {purpose, documentLoader, ...options});
+
+  // if verification has already failed, skip status check
+  if(!result.verified) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  if(credential.credentialStatus) {
+    result.statusResult = await checkStatus(options);
+    if(!result.statusResult.verified) {
+      result.verified = false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates an unsigned presentation from a given verifiable credential.
+ *
+ * @param {object} options - Options to use.
+ * @param {object|Array<object>} [options.verifiableCredential] - One or more
+ *   verifiable credential.
+ * @param {string} [options.id] - Optional VP id.
+ * @param {string} [options.holder] - Optional presentation holder url.
+ * @param {string|Date} [options.now] - A string representing date time in
+ *   ISO 8601 format or an instance of Date. Defaults to current date time.
+ *
+ * @throws {TypeError} If verifiableCredential param is missing.
+ * @throws {Error} If the credential (or the presentation params) are missing
+ *   required properties.
+ *
+ * @returns {Presentation} The credential wrapped inside of a
+ *   VerifiablePresentation.
+ */
+export function createPresentation({
+  verifiableCredential, id, holder, now
+} = {}) {
+  const presentation = {
+    '@context': [CREDENTIALS_CONTEXT_V1_URL],
+    type: ['VerifiablePresentation']
+  };
+  if(verifiableCredential) {
+    const credentials = [].concat(verifiableCredential);
+    // ensure all credentials are valid
+    for(const credential of credentials) {
+      _checkCredential({credential, now});
+    }
+    presentation.verifiableCredential = credentials;
+  }
+  if(id) {
+    presentation.id = id;
+  }
+  if(holder) {
+    presentation.holder = holder;
+  }
+
+  _checkPresentation(presentation);
+
+  return presentation;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Signs a given presentation.
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options={}] - Options to use.
+ *
+ * Required:
+ * @param {Presentation} options.presentation - A presentation.
+ * @param {LinkedDataSignature} options.suite - passed in to sign()
+ *
+ * Either pass in a ProofPurpose, or a default one will be created with params:
+ * @param {ProofPurpose} [options.purpose] - A ProofPurpose. If not specified,
+ *   a default purpose will be created with the domain and challenge options.
+ *
+ * @param {string} [options.domain] - A domain.
+ * @param {string} options.challenge - A required challenge.
+ *
+ * @param {Function} [options.documentLoader] - A document loader.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<{VerifiablePresentation}>} A VerifiablePresentation with
+ *   a proof.
+ */
+export async function signPresentation(options = {}) {
+  const {presentation, domain, challenge} = options;
+  const purpose = options.purpose || new AuthenticationProofPurpose({
+    domain,
+    challenge
+  });
+
+  const documentLoader = options.documentLoader || defaultDocumentLoader;
+
+  return jsigs.sign(presentation, {purpose, documentLoader, ...options});
+}
+
+/**
+ * Verifies that the VerifiablePresentation is well formed, and checks the
+ * proof signature if it's present. Also verifies all the VerifiableCredentials
+ * that are present in the presentation, if any.
+ *
+ * @param {object} [options={}] - The options.
+ * @param {VerifiablePresentation} options.presentation - A
+ *   VerifiablePresentation.
+ *
+ * @param {LinkedDataSignature|LinkedDataSignature[]} options.suite - See the
+ *   definition in the `verify()` docstring, for this param.
+ *
+ * @param {boolean} [options.unsignedPresentation=false] - By default, this
+ *   function assumes that a presentation is signed (and will return an error if
+ *   a `proof` section is missing). Set this to `true` if you're using an
+ *   unsigned presentation.
+ *
+ * Either pass in a proof purpose,
+ * @param {AuthenticationProofPurpose} [options.presentationPurpose] - A
+ *   ProofPurpose. If not specified, a default purpose will be created with
+ *   the challenge, controller, and domain options.
+ *
+ * @param {string} [options.challenge] - A challenge. Required if purpose is
+ *   not passed in.
+ * @param {string} [options.controller] - A controller. Required if purpose is
+ *   not passed in.
+ * @param {string} [options.domain] - A domain. Required if purpose is not
+ *   passed in.
+ *
+ * @param {Function} [options.documentLoader] - A document loader.
+ * @param {Function} [options.checkStatus] - Optional function for checking
+ *   credential status if `credentialStatus` is present on the credential.
+ * @param {string|Date} [options.now] - A string representing date time in
+ *   ISO 8601 format or an instance of Date. Defaults to current date time.
+ *
+ * @throws {Error} If presentation is missing required params.
+ *
+ * @returns {Promise<VerifyPresentationResult>} The verification result.
+ */
+async function _verifyPresentation(options = {}) {
+  const {presentation, unsignedPresentation} = options;
+
+  _checkPresentation(presentation);
+
+  const documentLoader = options.documentLoader || defaultDocumentLoader;
+
+  // FIXME: verify presentation first, then each individual credential
+  // only if that proof is verified
+
+  // if verifiableCredentials are present, verify them, individually
+  let credentialResults;
+  let verified = true;
+  const credentials = jsonld.getValues(presentation, 'verifiableCredential');
+  if(credentials.length > 0) {
+    // verify every credential in `verifiableCredential`
+    credentialResults = await Promise.all(credentials.map(credential => {
+      return verifyCredential({credential, documentLoader, ...options});
+    }));
+
+    for(const [i, credentialResult] of credentialResults.entries()) {
+      credentialResult.credentialId = credentials[i].id;
+    }
+
+    const allCredentialsVerified = credentialResults.every(r => r.verified);
+    if(!allCredentialsVerified) {
+      verified = false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if(unsignedPresentation) {
+    // No need to verify the proof section of this presentation
+    return {verified, results: [presentation], credentialResults};
+  }
+
+  const {controller, domain, challenge} = options;
+  if(!options.presentationPurpose && !challenge) {
+    throw new Error(
+      'A "challenge" param is required for AuthenticationProofPurpose.');
+  }
+
+  const purpose = options.presentationPurpose ||
+    new AuthenticationProofPurpose({controller, domain, challenge});
+
+  const presentationResult = await jsigs.verify(
+    presentation, {purpose, documentLoader, ...options});
+
+  return {
+    presentationResult,
+    verified: verified && presentationResult.verified,
+    credentialResults,
+    error: presentationResult.error
+  };
+}
+
+/**
+ * @param {string|object} obj - Either an object with an id property
+ *   or a string that is an id.
+ * @returns {string|undefined} Either an id or undefined.
+ * @private
+ *
+ */
+function _getId(obj) {
+  if(typeof obj === 'string') {
+    return obj;
+  }
+
+  if(!('id' in obj)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  return obj.id;
+}
+
+// export for testing
+/**
+ * @param {object} presentation - An object that could be a presentation.
+ *
+ * @throws {Error}
+ * @private
+ */
+export function _checkPresentation(presentation) {
+  // normalize to an array to allow the common case of context being a string
+  const context = Array.isArray(presentation['@context']) ?
+    presentation['@context'] : [presentation['@context']];
+
+  // ensure first context is 'https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/v1'
+  if(context[0] !== CREDENTIALS_CONTEXT_V1_URL) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `"${CREDENTIALS_CONTEXT_V1_URL}" needs to be first in the ` +
+      'list of contexts.');
+  }
+
+  const types = jsonld.getValues(presentation, 'type');
+
+  // check type presence
+  if(!types.includes('VerifiablePresentation')) {
+    throw new Error('"type" must include "VerifiablePresentation".');
+  }
+}
+
+// export for testing
+/**
+ * @param {object} options - The options.
+ * @param {object} options.credential - An object that could be a
+ *   VerifiableCredential.
+ * @param {string|Date} [options.now] - A string representing date time in
+ *   ISO 8601 format or an instance of Date. Defaults to current date time.
+ *
+ * @throws {Error}
+ * @private
  */
-module.exports = require('./vc.js');
+export function _checkCredential({credential, now = new Date()}) {
+  if(typeof now === 'string') {
+    now = new Date(now);
+  }
+  // ensure first context is 'https://www.w3.org/2018/credentials/v1'
+  if(credential['@context'][0] !== CREDENTIALS_CONTEXT_V1_URL) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `"${CREDENTIALS_CONTEXT_V1_URL}" needs to be first in the ` +
+      'list of contexts.');
+  }
+
+  // check type presence and cardinality
+  if(!credential.type) {
+    throw new Error('"type" property is required.');
+  }
+
+  if(!jsonld.getValues(credential, 'type').includes('VerifiableCredential')) {
+    throw new Error('"type" must include `VerifiableCredential`.');
+  }
+
+  if(!credential.credentialSubject) {
+    throw new Error('"credentialSubject" property is required.');
+  }
+
+  // If credentialSubject.id is present and is not a URI, reject it
+  if(credential.credentialSubject.id) {
+    _validateUriId({
+      id: credential.credentialSubject.id, propertyName: 'credentialSubject.id'
+    });
+  }
+
+  if(!credential.issuer) {
+    throw new Error('"issuer" property is required.');
+  }
+
+  // check issuanceDate cardinality
+  if(jsonld.getValues(credential, 'issuanceDate').length > 1) {
+    throw new Error('"issuanceDate" property can only have one value.');
+  }
+
+  // check issued is a date
+  if(!credential.issuanceDate) {
+    throw new Error('"issuanceDate" property is required.');
+  }
+
+  if('issuanceDate' in credential) {
+    let {issuanceDate} = credential;
+    if(!dateRegex.test(issuanceDate)) {
+      throw new Error(`"issuanceDate" must be a valid date: ${issuanceDate}`);
+    }
+    // check if `now` is before `issuanceDate`
+    issuanceDate = new Date(issuanceDate);
+    if(now < issuanceDate) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `The current date time (${now.toISOString()}) is before the ` +
+        `"issuanceDate" (${issuanceDate.toISOString()}).`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // check issuer cardinality
+  if(jsonld.getValues(credential, 'issuer').length > 1) {
+    throw new Error('"issuer" property can only have one value.');
+  }
+
+  // check issuer is a URL
+  if('issuer' in credential) {
+    const issuer = _getId(credential.issuer);
+    if(!issuer) {
+      throw new Error(`"issuer" id is required.`);
+    }
+    _validateUriId({id: issuer, propertyName: 'issuer'});
+  }
+
+  if('credentialStatus' in credential) {
+    if(!credential.credentialStatus.id) {
+      throw new Error('"credentialStatus" must include an id.');
+    }
+    if(!credential.credentialStatus.type) {
+      throw new Error('"credentialStatus" must include a type.');
+    }
+  }
+
+  // check evidences are URLs
+  jsonld.getValues(credential, 'evidence').forEach(evidence => {
+    const evidenceId = _getId(evidence);
+    if(evidenceId) {
+      _validateUriId({id: evidenceId, propertyName: 'evidence'});
+    }
+  });
+
+  if('expirationDate' in credential) {
+    const {expirationDate} = credential;
+    // check if `expirationDate` property is a date
+    if(!dateRegex.test(expirationDate)) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `"expirationDate" must be a valid date: ${expirationDate}`);
+    }
+    // check if `now` is after `expirationDate`
+    if(now > new Date(expirationDate)) {
+      throw new Error('Credential has expired.');
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+function _validateUriId({id, propertyName}) {
+  let parsed;
+  try {
+    parsed = new URL(id);
+  } catch(e) {
+    const error = new TypeError(`"${propertyName}" must be a URI: "${id}".`);
+    error.cause = e;
+    throw error;
+  }
+
+  if(!parsed.protocol) {
+    throw new TypeError(`"${propertyName}" must be a URI: "${id}".`);
+  }
+}