@deepseek-harness-tui/dsh-tui 0.11.1 → 0.11.2

package/lib/types/terminal-utils/latex.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1417 @@
+/**
+ * LaTeX math → terminal Unicode text (a TeX subset: symbols, scripts,
+ * fractions, roots, accents, operator limits, matrices, cases, aligned).
+ *
+ * VENDORED — do not restyle. Copied from Pi's TUI package so upstream fixes
+ * can be re-applied with a plain diff; the file keeps Pi's formatting (tabs,
+ * double quotes, semicolons) on purpose, like the Ink-derived renderer.
+ *
+ *   Source:  https://github.com/earendil-works/pi (formerly badlogic/pi-mono)
+ *            packages/tui/src/latex.ts
+ *   Commit:  fa0e1f48ac (last change to the file) at snapshot 2b0a123de9, 2026-09-26
+ *   Local:   the `visibleWidth` import now points at this repo's display-width
+ *            helper; nothing else is changed. Integration (delimiters, size cap,
+ *            single-line policy, fallback) lives in ./math.ts, not here.
+ *   Re-sync: diff this file against upstream packages/tui/src/latex.ts, keep
+ *            the import line and this header, then run
+ *            `pnpm verify:latex-math`.
+ *
+ * MIT License
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Mario Zechner
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ */
+import { stringWidth as visibleWidth } from "../ink/stringWidth.js";
+const SYMBOLS = {
+    alpha: "α",
+    beta: "β",
+    gamma: "γ",
+    delta: "δ",
+    epsilon: "ϵ",
+    varepsilon: "ε",
+    zeta: "ζ",
+    eta: "η",
+    theta: "θ",
+    vartheta: "ϑ",
+    iota: "ι",
+    kappa: "κ",
+    varkappa: "ϰ",
+    lambda: "λ",
+    mu: "μ",
+    nu: "ν",
+    xi: "ξ",
+    pi: "π",
+    varpi: "ϖ",
+    rho: "ρ",
+    varrho: "ϱ",
+    sigma: "σ",
+    varsigma: "ς",
+    tau: "τ",
+    upsilon: "υ",
+    phi: "ϕ",
+    varphi: "φ",
+    chi: "χ",
+    psi: "ψ",
+    omega: "ω",
+    Gamma: "Γ",
+    Delta: "Δ",
+    Theta: "Θ",
+    Lambda: "Λ",
+    Xi: "Ξ",
+    Pi: "Π",
+    Sigma: "Σ",
+    Upsilon: "Υ",
+    Phi: "Φ",
+    Psi: "Ψ",
+    Omega: "Ω",
+    pm: "±",
+    mp: "∓",
+    times: "×",
+    div: "÷",
+    cdot: "·",
+    ast: "∗",
+    star: "⋆",
+    circ: "∘",
+    bullet: "•",
+    oplus: "⊕",
+    ominus: "⊖",
+    otimes: "⊗",
+    oslash: "⊘",
+    odot: "⊙",
+    bigcirc: "○",
+    dagger: "†",
+    ddagger: "‡",
+    amalg: "⨿",
+    uplus: "⊎",
+    sqcap: "⊓",
+    sqcup: "⊔",
+    bowtie: "⋈",
+    Join: "⋈",
+    ltimes: "⋉",
+    rtimes: "⋊",
+    leftouterjoin: "⟕",
+    rightouterjoin: "⟖",
+    fullouterjoin: "⟗",
+    triangleleft: "◁",
+    triangleright: "▷",
+    wr: "≀",
+    cap: "∩",
+    cup: "∪",
+    bigcap: "⋂",
+    bigcup: "⋃",
+    bigwedge: "⋀",
+    bigvee: "⋁",
+    bigsqcup: "⨆",
+    biguplus: "⨄",
+    bigoplus: "⨁",
+    bigotimes: "⨂",
+    bigodot: "⨀",
+    setminus: "∖",
+    in: "∈",
+    notin: "∉",
+    ni: "∋",
+    subset: "⊂",
+    supset: "⊃",
+    subseteq: "⊆",
+    supseteq: "⊇",
+    sqsubset: "⊏",
+    sqsupset: "⊐",
+    sqsubseteq: "⊑",
+    sqsupseteq: "⊒",
+    prec: "≺",
+    preceq: "≼",
+    succ: "≻",
+    succeq: "≽",
+    ll: "≪",
+    gg: "≫",
+    le: "≤",
+    leq: "≤",
+    leqslant: "≤",
+    ge: "≥",
+    geq: "≥",
+    geqslant: "≥",
+    ne: "≠",
+    neq: "≠",
+    equiv: "≡",
+    approx: "≈",
+    sim: "∼",
+    simeq: "≃",
+    cong: "≅",
+    asymp: "≍",
+    doteq: "≐",
+    propto: "∝",
+    parallel: "∥",
+    perp: "⊥",
+    mid: "∣",
+    vdash: "⊢",
+    dashv: "⊣",
+    models: "⊨",
+    Vdash: "⊩",
+    Vvdash: "⊪",
+    nvdash: "⊬",
+    nvDash: "⊭",
+    forall: "∀",
+    exists: "∃",
+    nexists: "∄",
+    neg: "¬",
+    land: "∧",
+    wedge: "∧",
+    lor: "∨",
+    vee: "∨",
+    to: "→",
+    rightarrow: "→",
+    longrightarrow: "→",
+    leftarrow: "←",
+    longleftarrow: "←",
+    gets: "←",
+    leftrightarrow: "↔",
+    longleftrightarrow: "↔",
+    hookleftarrow: "↩",
+    hookrightarrow: "↪",
+    twoheadleftarrow: "↞",
+    twoheadrightarrow: "↠",
+    leftharpoonup: "↼",
+    leftharpoondown: "↽",
+    rightharpoonup: "⇀",
+    rightharpoondown: "⇁",
+    rightleftharpoons: "⇌",
+    leftrightharpoons: "⇋",
+    nearrow: "↗",
+    searrow: "↘",
+    swarrow: "↙",
+    nwarrow: "↖",
+    rightsquigarrow: "⇝",
+    leadsto: "⇝",
+    Rightarrow: "⇒",
+    Longrightarrow: "⇒",
+    Leftarrow: "⇐",
+    Longleftarrow: "⇐",
+    Leftrightarrow: "⇔",
+    Longleftrightarrow: "⇔",
+    implies: "⇒",
+    iff: "⇔",
+    mapsto: "↦",
+    longmapsto: "↦",
+    uparrow: "↑",
+    downarrow: "↓",
+    partial: "∂",
+    nabla: "∇",
+    int: "∫",
+    iint: "∬",
+    iiint: "∭",
+    oint: "∮",
+    sum: "∑",
+    prod: "∏",
+    coprod: "∐",
+    infty: "∞",
+    emptyset: "∅",
+    varnothing: "∅",
+    angle: "∠",
+    therefore: "∴",
+    because: "∵",
+    aleph: "ℵ",
+    beth: "ℶ",
+    gimel: "ℷ",
+    daleth: "ℸ",
+    top: "⊤",
+    bot: "⊥",
+    triangle: "△",
+    square: "□",
+    lozenge: "◊",
+    checkmark: "✓",
+    complement: "∁",
+    wp: "℘",
+    prime: "′",
+    ldots: "…",
+    dots: "…",
+    cdots: "⋯",
+    vdots: "⋮",
+    ddots: "⋱",
+    ell: "ℓ",
+    hbar: "ℏ",
+    Im: "ℑ",
+    Re: "ℜ",
+    langle: "⟨",
+    rangle: "⟩",
+    vert: "|",
+    lvert: "|",
+    rvert: "|",
+    Vert: "‖",
+    lVert: "‖",
+    rVert: "‖",
+    lbrace: "{",
+    rbrace: "}",
+    backslash: "\\",
+    lfloor: "⌊",
+    rfloor: "⌋",
+    lceil: "⌈",
+    rceil: "⌉",
+    colon: ":",
+};
+const NAMED_OPERATORS = new Set([
+    "arccos",
+    "arcsin",
+    "arctan",
+    "arg",
+    "cos",
+    "cosh",
+    "cot",
+    "coth",
+    "csc",
+    "deg",
+    "det",
+    "dim",
+    "exp",
+    "gcd",
+    "hom",
+    "inf",
+    "ker",
+    "lg",
+    "lim",
+    "liminf",
+    "limsup",
+    "ln",
+    "log",
+    "max",
+    "min",
+    "Pr",
+    "sec",
+    "sin",
+    "sinh",
+    "sup",
+    "tan",
+    "tanh",
+]);
+const LIMIT_OPERATORS = new Set([
+    "argmax",
+    "argmin",
+    "inf",
+    "injlim",
+    "lim",
+    "liminf",
+    "limsup",
+    "max",
+    "min",
+    "projlim",
+    "sup",
+]);
+const DISPLAY_LIMIT_SYMBOLS = new Set([
+    "bigcap",
+    "bigcup",
+    "bigodot",
+    "bigoplus",
+    "bigotimes",
+    "bigsqcup",
+    "biguplus",
+    "bigvee",
+    "bigwedge",
+    "coprod",
+    "int",
+    "iint",
+    "iiint",
+    "oint",
+    "prod",
+    "sum",
+]);
+const RELATION_COMMANDS = new Set([
+    "Leftarrow",
+    "Leftrightarrow",
+    "Longleftarrow",
+    "Longleftrightarrow",
+    "Longrightarrow",
+    "Rightarrow",
+    "Join",
+    "Vdash",
+    "Vvdash",
+    "approx",
+    "asymp",
+    "bowtie",
+    "cong",
+    "dashv",
+    "fullouterjoin",
+    "doteq",
+    "downarrow",
+    "equiv",
+    "ge",
+    "geq",
+    "geqslant",
+    "gets",
+    "gg",
+    "hookleftarrow",
+    "hookrightarrow",
+    "iff",
+    "implies",
+    "in",
+    "leadsto",
+    "le",
+    "leftarrow",
+    "leftharpoondown",
+    "leftharpoonup",
+    "leftrightarrow",
+    "leftrightharpoons",
+    "leftouterjoin",
+    "leq",
+    "leqslant",
+    "ll",
+    "longleftarrow",
+    "longleftrightarrow",
+    "longmapsto",
+    "longrightarrow",
+    "ltimes",
+    "mapsto",
+    "mid",
+    "models",
+    "ne",
+    "nearrow",
+    "neq",
+    "ni",
+    "notin",
+    "nvdash",
+    "nvDash",
+    "nwarrow",
+    "parallel",
+    "perp",
+    "prec",
+    "preceq",
+    "propto",
+    "rightharpoondown",
+    "rightharpoonup",
+    "rightleftharpoons",
+    "rightouterjoin",
+    "rightarrow",
+    "rightsquigarrow",
+    "rtimes",
+    "searrow",
+    "sim",
+    "simeq",
+    "sqsubset",
+    "sqsubseteq",
+    "sqsupset",
+    "sqsupseteq",
+    "subset",
+    "subseteq",
+    "succ",
+    "succeq",
+    "supset",
+    "supseteq",
+    "swarrow",
+    "to",
+    "triangleleft",
+    "triangleright",
+    "twoheadleftarrow",
+    "twoheadrightarrow",
+    "uparrow",
+    "vdash",
+]);
+const NEGATED_SYMBOLS = {
+    "<": "≮",
+    ">": "≯",
+    "=": "≠",
+    "∈": "∉",
+    "∋": "∌",
+    "∣": "∤",
+    "∥": "∦",
+    "∼": "≁",
+    "≃": "≄",
+    "≅": "≇",
+    "≈": "≉",
+    "≡": "≢",
+    "≤": "≰",
+    "≥": "≱",
+    "≺": "⊀",
+    "≻": "⊁",
+    "⊂": "⊄",
+    "⊃": "⊅",
+    "⊆": "⊈",
+    "⊇": "⊉",
+    "⊢": "⊬",
+    "⊨": "⊭",
+    "↔": "↮",
+    "←": "↚",
+    "→": "↛",
+    "⇒": "⇏",
+    "⇐": "⇍",
+    "⇔": "⇎",
+    "≼": "⋠",
+    "≽": "⋡",
+};
+const BLACKBOARD = {
+    C: "ℂ",
+    H: "ℍ",
+    N: "ℕ",
+    P: "ℙ",
+    Q: "ℚ",
+    R: "ℝ",
+    Z: "ℤ",
+};
+const SUPERSCRIPTS = {
+    "0": "⁰",
+    "1": "¹",
+    "2": "²",
+    "3": "³",
+    "4": "⁴",
+    "5": "⁵",
+    "6": "⁶",
+    "7": "⁷",
+    "8": "⁸",
+    "9": "⁹",
+    "+": "⁺",
+    "-": "⁻",
+    "=": "⁼",
+    "(": "⁽",
+    ")": "⁾",
+    a: "ᵃ",
+    b: "ᵇ",
+    c: "ᶜ",
+    d: "ᵈ",
+    e: "ᵉ",
+    f: "ᶠ",
+    g: "ᵍ",
+    h: "ʰ",
+    i: "ⁱ",
+    j: "ʲ",
+    k: "ᵏ",
+    l: "ˡ",
+    m: "ᵐ",
+    n: "ⁿ",
+    o: "ᵒ",
+    p: "ᵖ",
+    r: "ʳ",
+    s: "ˢ",
+    t: "ᵗ",
+    u: "ᵘ",
+    v: "ᵛ",
+    w: "ʷ",
+    x: "ˣ",
+    y: "ʸ",
+    z: "ᶻ",
+};
+const SUBSCRIPTS = {
+    "0": "₀",
+    "1": "₁",
+    "2": "₂",
+    "3": "₃",
+    "4": "₄",
+    "5": "₅",
+    "6": "₆",
+    "7": "₇",
+    "8": "₈",
+    "9": "₉",
+    "+": "₊",
+    "-": "₋",
+    "=": "₌",
+    "(": "₍",
+    ")": "₎",
+    a: "ₐ",
+    e: "ₑ",
+    h: "ₕ",
+    i: "ᵢ",
+    j: "ⱼ",
+    k: "ₖ",
+    l: "ₗ",
+    m: "ₘ",
+    n: "ₙ",
+    o: "ₒ",
+    p: "ₚ",
+    r: "ᵣ",
+    s: "ₛ",
+    t: "ₜ",
+    u: "ᵤ",
+    v: "ᵥ",
+    x: "ₓ",
+};
+const SPACING_COMMANDS = new Set([
+    ",",
+    ":",
+    ";",
+    " ",
+    ">",
+    "enspace",
+    "enskip",
+    "medspace",
+    "quad",
+    "qquad",
+    "thickspace",
+    "thinspace",
+]);
+const NEGATIVE_SPACING_COMMANDS = new Set(["!", "negmedspace", "negthickspace", "negthinspace"]);
+const NEGATIVE_SPACE = "\u0000";
+const FONT_SWITCH_COMMANDS = new Set(["bf", "cal", "it", "rm", "sf", "sl", "tt"]);
+const IGNORED_COMMANDS = new Set([
+    "displaystyle",
+    "limits",
+    "nolimits",
+    "scriptstyle",
+    "scriptscriptstyle",
+    "textstyle",
+]);
+const SIZE_COMMANDS = new Set([
+    "big",
+    "Big",
+    "bigg",
+    "Bigg",
+    "bigl",
+    "Bigl",
+    "biggl",
+    "Biggl",
+    "bigr",
+    "Bigr",
+    "biggr",
+    "Biggr",
+]);
+const PLAIN_WRAPPERS = new Set([
+    "emph",
+    "mathcal",
+    "mathbf",
+    "mathfrak",
+    "mathit",
+    "mathrm",
+    "mathnormal",
+    "mathscr",
+    "mathsf",
+    "mathtt",
+    "mathup",
+    "mbox",
+    "overbrace",
+    "pmb",
+    "smash",
+    "substack",
+    "text",
+    "textbf",
+    "textit",
+    "textmd",
+    "textnormal",
+    "textrm",
+    "textsc",
+    "textsf",
+    "textsl",
+    "texttt",
+    "textup",
+    "underbrace",
+    "bm",
+    "boldsymbol",
+]);
+const ACCENTS = {
+    acute: "\u0301",
+    bar: "\u0305",
+    breve: "\u0306",
+    check: "\u030c",
+    ddot: "\u0308",
+    dot: "\u0307",
+    grave: "\u0300",
+    hat: "\u0302",
+    mathring: "\u030a",
+    overleftarrow: "\u20d6",
+    overleftrightarrow: "\u20e1",
+    overline: "\u0305",
+    overrightarrow: "\u20d7",
+    tilde: "\u0303",
+    underline: "\u0332",
+    vec: "\u20d7",
+    widehat: "\u0302",
+    widetilde: "\u0303",
+};
+function replaceCharacters(value, replacements) {
+    let result = "";
+    for (const character of value) {
+        const replacement = replacements[character];
+        if (replacement === undefined) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        result += replacement;
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+function normalizeScriptValue(value) {
+    return value.trim().replace(/\s*([=+-])\s*/g, "$1");
+}
+function formatUnicodeScript(value, kind) {
+    return replaceCharacters(normalizeScriptValue(value), kind === "sub" ? SUBSCRIPTS : SUPERSCRIPTS);
+}
+function formatScript(value, kind) {
+    value = normalizeScriptValue(value);
+    const unicode = formatUnicodeScript(value, kind);
+    if (unicode !== undefined) {
+        return unicode;
+    }
+    const prefix = kind === "sub" ? "_" : "^";
+    if (Array.from(value).length === 1 || (kind === "sub" && /^[A-Za-z]+$/.test(value))) {
+        return `${prefix}${value}`;
+    }
+    return `${prefix}(${value})`;
+}
+function formatFraction(numerator, denominator) {
+    numerator = numerator.trim();
+    denominator = denominator.trim();
+    const simpleNumerator = /^[\p{L}\p{N}.]+$/u.test(numerator);
+    const simpleDenominator = /^[\p{N}.]+$/u.test(denominator) || Array.from(denominator).length === 1;
+    return `${simpleNumerator ? numerator : `(${numerator})`}/${simpleDenominator ? denominator : `(${denominator})`}`;
+}
+function formatRoot(value, symbol = "√") {
+    value = value.trim();
+    return /^[\p{L}\p{N}.]+$/u.test(value) ? `${symbol}${value}` : `${symbol}(${value})`;
+}
+const NAMED_OPERATOR_START = "\u{f0004}";
+const NAMED_OPERATOR_END = "\u{f0005}";
+const NAMED_OPERATOR_LEFT_SPACING_PATTERN = /(?<=[\p{L}\p{N})\]}\u{f0001}])\u{f0004}/gu;
+const NAMED_OPERATOR_RIGHT_SPACING_PATTERN = /\u{f0005}(?=[\p{L}\p{N}√\u{f0000}])/gu;
+function normalizeOutput(value) {
+    return value
+        .replace(NAMED_OPERATOR_LEFT_SPACING_PATTERN, " ")
+        .replaceAll(NAMED_OPERATOR_START, "")
+        .replace(NAMED_OPERATOR_RIGHT_SPACING_PATTERN, " ")
+        .replaceAll(NAMED_OPERATOR_END, "")
+        .split("\n")
+        .map((line) => line.replace(/[ \t]+/g, " ").trim())
+        .filter((line, index, lines) => line.length > 0 || (index > 0 && index < lines.length - 1))
+        .join("\n")
+        .trim();
+}
+const LAYOUT_MARKER_START = "\u{f0000}";
+const LAYOUT_MARKER_END = "\u{f0001}";
+const LAYOUT_MARKER_PATTERN = /\u{f0000}(\d+)\u{f0001}/gu;
+const TRAILING_LAYOUT_MARKER_PATTERN = /\u{f0000}(\d+)\u{f0001}$/u;
+const PROTECTED_SPACE = "\u{f0002}";
+function padLayoutLine(line, width, centered = false) {
+    const padding = Math.max(0, width - visibleWidth(line));
+    const left = centered ? Math.floor(padding / 2) : 0;
+    return `${" ".repeat(left)}${line}${" ".repeat(padding - left)}`;
+}
+function joinLayouts(layouts) {
+    if (layouts.length === 0) {
+        return { lines: [""], width: 0, baseline: 0 };
+    }
+    const baseline = Math.max(...layouts.map((layout) => layout.baseline));
+    const below = Math.max(...layouts.map((layout) => layout.lines.length - layout.baseline - 1));
+    const lines = [];
+    for (let row = 0; row <= baseline + below; row++) {
+        let line = "";
+        for (const layout of layouts) {
+            const sourceRow = row - baseline + layout.baseline;
+            line +=
+                sourceRow >= 0 && sourceRow < layout.lines.length
+                    ? padLayoutLine(layout.lines[sourceRow] ?? "", layout.width)
+                    : " ".repeat(layout.width);
+        }
+        lines.push(line.trimEnd());
+    }
+    return {
+        lines,
+        width: layouts.reduce((width, layout) => width + layout.width, 0),
+        baseline,
+    };
+}
+function renderLayout(source, nodes) {
+    const renderedLines = [];
+    let firstBaseline = 0;
+    for (const sourceLine of source.split("\n")) {
+        const layouts = [];
+        let position = 0;
+        let previousNode;
+        for (const match of sourceLine.matchAll(LAYOUT_MARKER_PATTERN)) {
+            const index = match.index;
+            const node = nodes[Number(match[1])];
+            if (!node) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (index > position) {
+                const sliced = sourceLine.slice(position, index);
+                const trimmed = (previousNode ? sliced.trimStart() : sliced).trimEnd();
+                const preserveLeadingSpace = previousNode?.type === "matrix" && /^\s/.test(sliced);
+                const preserveTrailingSpace = node.type === "matrix" && /\s$/.test(sliced);
+                const text = trimmed
+                    ? `${preserveLeadingSpace ? " " : ""}${trimmed}${preserveTrailingSpace ? " " : ""}`
+                    : preserveLeadingSpace || preserveTrailingSpace
+                        ? " "
+                        : "";
+                layouts.push({ lines: [text], width: visibleWidth(text), baseline: 0 });
+            }
+            if (node.type === "fraction") {
+                const numerator = renderLayout(node.numerator, nodes);
+                const denominator = renderLayout(node.denominator, nodes);
+                const contentWidth = Math.max(numerator.width, denominator.width, 1);
+                const width = contentWidth + 2;
+                layouts.push({
+                    lines: [
+                        ...numerator.lines.map((line) => padLayoutLine(line, width, true)),
+                        ` ${"─".repeat(contentWidth)} `,
+                        ...denominator.lines.map((line) => padLayoutLine(line, width, true)),
+                    ],
+                    width,
+                    baseline: numerator.lines.length,
+                });
+            }
+            else if (node.type === "operator") {
+                const contentWidth = Math.max(visibleWidth(node.operator), node.lower === undefined ? 0 : visibleWidth(node.lower), node.upper === undefined ? 0 : visibleWidth(node.upper));
+                const lines = [];
+                if (node.upper !== undefined) {
+                    lines.push(`${padLayoutLine(node.upper, contentWidth, true)} `);
+                }
+                lines.push(`${padLayoutLine(node.operator, contentWidth, true)} `);
+                if (node.lower !== undefined) {
+                    lines.push(`${padLayoutLine(node.lower, contentWidth, true)} `);
+                }
+                layouts.push({
+                    lines,
+                    width: contentWidth + 1,
+                    baseline: node.upper === undefined ? 0 : 1,
+                });
+            }
+            else if (node.type === "script") {
+                const upper = node.upper === undefined ? undefined : renderLayout(node.upper, nodes);
+                const lower = node.lower === undefined ? undefined : renderLayout(node.lower, nodes);
+                const width = Math.max(upper?.width ?? 0, lower?.width ?? 0);
+                layouts.push({
+                    lines: [
+                        ...(upper?.lines.map((line) => padLayoutLine(line, width)) ?? []),
+                        " ".repeat(width),
+                        ...(lower?.lines.map((line) => padLayoutLine(line, width)) ?? []),
+                    ],
+                    width,
+                    baseline: upper?.lines.length ?? 0,
+                });
+            }
+            else {
+                const width = Math.max(0, ...node.lines.map((line) => visibleWidth(line)));
+                layouts.push({
+                    lines: node.lines.map((line) => padLayoutLine(line, width)),
+                    width,
+                    baseline: node.baseline,
+                });
+            }
+            position = index + match[0].length;
+            previousNode = node;
+        }
+        if (position < sourceLine.length) {
+            const sliced = sourceLine.slice(position);
+            const trimmed = previousNode ? sliced.trimStart() : sliced;
+            const text = previousNode?.type === "matrix" && /^\s/.test(sliced) ? ` ${trimmed}` : trimmed;
+            layouts.push({ lines: [text], width: visibleWidth(text), baseline: 0 });
+        }
+        const lineLayout = joinLayouts(layouts);
+        if (renderedLines.length === 0) {
+            firstBaseline = lineLayout.baseline;
+        }
+        renderedLines.push(...lineLayout.lines);
+    }
+    return {
+        lines: renderedLines,
+        width: Math.max(0, ...renderedLines.map((line) => visibleWidth(line))),
+        baseline: firstBaseline,
+    };
+}
+class LatexParser {
+    source;
+    layoutNodes;
+    display;
+    position = 0;
+    supported = true;
+    stackFractions = true;
+    scriptDepth = 0;
+    constructor(source, layoutNodes, display) {
+        this.source = source;
+        this.layoutNodes = layoutNodes;
+        this.display = display;
+    }
+    render() {
+        const rendered = this.parseSequence();
+        if (!this.supported || this.position !== this.source.length) {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        return normalizeOutput(rendered);
+    }
+    parseSequence(endCharacter) {
+        let result = "";
+        while (this.position < this.source.length) {
+            const character = this.source[this.position];
+            if (endCharacter && character === endCharacter) {
+                this.position++;
+                return result;
+            }
+            if (character === "}") {
+                this.supported = false;
+                return result;
+            }
+            if (character === "{") {
+                this.position++;
+                result += this.parseSequence("}");
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (character === "\\") {
+                const command = this.parseCommand();
+                if (command === NEGATIVE_SPACE) {
+                    result = result.trimEnd();
+                    if (result.endsWith(NAMED_OPERATOR_END)) {
+                        result = result.slice(0, -NAMED_OPERATOR_END.length);
+                    }
+                }
+                else {
+                    result += command;
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (character === "^" || character === "_") {
+                this.position++;
+                result = result.trimEnd();
+                const script = this.parseScripts(character);
+                if (result.endsWith(NAMED_OPERATOR_END)) {
+                    result = `${result.slice(0, -NAMED_OPERATOR_END.length)}${script}${NAMED_OPERATOR_END}`;
+                }
+                else {
+                    result += script;
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (/\s/.test(character)) {
+                result += this.parseWhitespace();
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (character === "=" || character === "<" || character === ">") {
+                result = `${result.trimEnd()} ${character} `;
+                this.position++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (character === "&") {
+                this.position++;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (character === "~") {
+                this.position++;
+                result += " ";
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (character === ".") {
+                const marker = TRAILING_LAYOUT_MARKER_PATTERN.exec(result);
+                const node = marker ? this.layoutNodes[Number(marker[1])] : undefined;
+                if (node?.type === "matrix") {
+                    const lastLine = node.lines.length - 1;
+                    node.lines[lastLine] = `${node.lines[lastLine] ?? ""}${character}`;
+                    this.position++;
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+            result += character;
+            this.position++;
+        }
+        if (endCharacter) {
+            this.supported = false;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+    parseScripts(initialMarker) {
+        const scripts = {};
+        const order = [];
+        const parse = (marker) => {
+            const kind = marker === "_" ? "sub" : "sup";
+            this.scriptDepth++;
+            try {
+                scripts[kind] = this.parseRequiredArgument(false);
+            }
+            finally {
+                this.scriptDepth--;
+            }
+            order.push(kind);
+        };
+        parse(initialMarker);
+        let nextPosition = this.position;
+        while (nextPosition < this.source.length && /\s/.test(this.source[nextPosition] ?? "")) {
+            nextPosition++;
+        }
+        const nextMarker = this.source[nextPosition];
+        if ((nextMarker === "^" || nextMarker === "_") && nextMarker !== initialMarker) {
+            this.position = nextPosition + 1;
+            parse(nextMarker);
+        }
+        const subUnicode = scripts.sub === undefined ? undefined : formatUnicodeScript(scripts.sub, "sub");
+        const supUnicode = scripts.sup === undefined ? undefined : formatUnicodeScript(scripts.sup, "sup");
+        const canUseLayout = ![scripts.sub, scripts.sup].some((value) => value !== undefined &&
+            (value.includes("/") ||
+                (!value.includes(LAYOUT_MARKER_START) && Array.from(value).length > 1 && !/[A-Z*∗]/.test(value))));
+        const needsLayout = this.display &&
+            canUseLayout &&
+            (this.scriptDepth > 0 ||
+                (scripts.sub !== undefined && subUnicode === undefined) ||
+                (scripts.sup !== undefined && supUnicode === undefined));
+        if (!needsLayout) {
+            return order
+                .map((kind) => kind === "sub"
+                ? (subUnicode ?? formatScript(scripts.sub ?? "", kind))
+                : (supUnicode ?? formatScript(scripts.sup ?? "", kind)))
+                .join("");
+        }
+        const index = this.layoutNodes.push({
+            type: "script",
+            lower: scripts.sub === undefined ? undefined : normalizeOutput(scripts.sub),
+            upper: scripts.sup === undefined ? undefined : normalizeOutput(scripts.sup),
+        }) - 1;
+        return `${LAYOUT_MARKER_START}${index}${LAYOUT_MARKER_END}`;
+    }
+    parseWhitespace() {
+        while (this.position < this.source.length && /\s/.test(this.source[this.position] ?? "")) {
+            this.position++;
+        }
+        return " ";
+    }
+    parseCommand() {
+        this.position++;
+        if (this.position >= this.source.length) {
+            this.supported = false;
+            return "";
+        }
+        let command = "";
+        const first = this.source[this.position] ?? "";
+        if (first === "\n" || first === "\r") {
+            this.position++;
+            if (first === "\r" && this.source[this.position] === "\n") {
+                this.position++;
+            }
+            return " ";
+        }
+        if (/[A-Za-z]/.test(first)) {
+            const start = this.position;
+            while (this.position < this.source.length && /[A-Za-z]/.test(this.source[this.position] ?? "")) {
+                this.position++;
+            }
+            command = this.source.slice(start, this.position);
+        }
+        else {
+            command = first;
+            this.position++;
+        }
+        if (command === "\\") {
+            return "\n";
+        }
+        if (SPACING_COMMANDS.has(command)) {
+            return " ";
+        }
+        if (NEGATIVE_SPACING_COMMANDS.has(command)) {
+            return NEGATIVE_SPACE;
+        }
+        if (FONT_SWITCH_COMMANDS.has(command)) {
+            while (this.position < this.source.length && /\s/.test(this.source[this.position] ?? "")) {
+                this.position++;
+            }
+            return "";
+        }
+        if (IGNORED_COMMANDS.has(command)) {
+            return "";
+        }
+        if (command === "{" ||
+            command === "}" ||
+            command === "$" ||
+            command === "%" ||
+            command === "#" ||
+            command === "_" ||
+            command === "&") {
+            return command;
+        }
+        if (command === "|") {
+            return "‖";
+        }
+        if (command === "not") {
+            const value = this.parseRequiredArgument(false).trim();
+            const negated = NEGATED_SYMBOLS[value];
+            if (negated !== undefined) {
+                return ` ${negated} `;
+            }
+            const characters = Array.from(value);
+            if (characters.length === 0) {
+                this.supported = false;
+                return "";
+            }
+            return ` ${characters[0]}\u0338${characters.slice(1).join("")} `;
+        }
+        if (LIMIT_OPERATORS.has(command)) {
+            return this.parseOperator(command, "bracket", true, true);
+        }
+        const symbol = SYMBOLS[command];
+        if (symbol !== undefined) {
+            if (DISPLAY_LIMIT_SYMBOLS.has(command)) {
+                return this.parseOperator(symbol, "script", true);
+            }
+            return command === "cdot" || command === "times" || RELATION_COMMANDS.has(command) ? ` ${symbol} ` : symbol;
+        }
+        if (NAMED_OPERATORS.has(command)) {
+            return `${NAMED_OPERATOR_START}${command}${NAMED_OPERATOR_END}`;
+        }
+        if (SIZE_COMMANDS.has(command)) {
+            return "";
+        }
+        if (command === "left" || command === "middle" || command === "right") {
+            if (this.source[this.position] === ".") {
+                this.position++;
+            }
+            return "";
+        }
+        if (command === "frac" || command === "dfrac" || command === "tfrac") {
+            const shouldStack = this.display && this.stackFractions && command !== "tfrac";
+            const numerator = this.parseRequiredArgument(!shouldStack);
+            const denominator = this.parseRequiredArgument(!shouldStack);
+            if (shouldStack) {
+                const index = this.layoutNodes.push({
+                    type: "fraction",
+                    numerator: normalizeOutput(numerator),
+                    denominator: normalizeOutput(denominator),
+                }) - 1;
+                return `${LAYOUT_MARKER_START}${index}${LAYOUT_MARKER_END}`;
+            }
+            return formatFraction(numerator, denominator);
+        }
+        if (command === "sqrt") {
+            const degree = this.parseOptionalArgument()?.trim();
+            const value = this.parseRequiredArgument();
+            if (degree === undefined || degree === "2") {
+                return formatRoot(value);
+            }
+            if (degree === "3") {
+                return formatRoot(value, "∛");
+            }
+            if (degree === "4") {
+                return formatRoot(value, "∜");
+            }
+            return `${formatScript(degree, "sup")}${formatRoot(value)}`;
+        }
+        if (command === "boxed" || command === "fbox") {
+            return `[${this.parseRequiredArgument().trim()}]`;
+        }
+        if (command === "binom" || command === "dbinom" || command === "tbinom") {
+            return `(${this.parseRequiredArgument()} choose ${this.parseRequiredArgument()})`;
+        }
+        const accent = ACCENTS[command];
+        if (accent !== undefined) {
+            const value = this.parseRequiredArgument();
+            return Array.from(value).length === 1 ? `${value}${accent}` : `${command}(${value})`;
+        }
+        if (command === "mathbb") {
+            const value = this.parseRequiredArgument();
+            return Array.from(value, (character) => BLACKBOARD[character] ?? character).join("");
+        }
+        if (command === "operatorname") {
+            const starred = this.source[this.position] === "*";
+            if (starred) {
+                this.position++;
+            }
+            const operator = normalizeOutput(this.parseRequiredArgument()).trim();
+            return this.parseOperator(operator, "bracket", starred, true);
+        }
+        if (command === "mod" || command === "bmod") {
+            return " mod ";
+        }
+        if (command === "pmod" || command === "pod") {
+            const value = this.parseRequiredArgument().trim();
+            return command === "pmod" ? ` (mod ${value})` : ` (${value})`;
+        }
+        if (command === "overset" || command === "stackrel") {
+            const upper = this.parseRequiredArgument();
+            const value = this.parseRequiredArgument().trim();
+            return `${value}${formatScript(upper, "sup")}`;
+        }
+        if (command === "underset") {
+            const lower = this.parseRequiredArgument();
+            const value = this.parseRequiredArgument().trim();
+            return `${value}${formatScript(lower, "sub")}`;
+        }
+        if (PLAIN_WRAPPERS.has(command)) {
+            const value = this.parseRequiredArgument();
+            return command.startsWith("text") || command === "mbox" ? value : value.trim();
+        }
+        if (command === "begin") {
+            return this.parseEnvironment();
+        }
+        if (command === "end") {
+            this.supported = false;
+            return "";
+        }
+        this.supported = false;
+        return `\\${command}`;
+    }
+    parseOperator(operator, inlineLowerStyle, displayLimits, spaced = false) {
+        let useDisplayLimits = displayLimits;
+        let modifierPosition = this.position;
+        while (modifierPosition < this.source.length && /[ \t]/.test(this.source[modifierPosition] ?? "")) {
+            modifierPosition++;
+        }
+        const modifier = /^\\(limits|nolimits)(?![A-Za-z])/.exec(this.source.slice(modifierPosition));
+        if (modifier) {
+            useDisplayLimits = modifier[1] === "limits";
+            this.position = modifierPosition + modifier[0].length;
+        }
+        let lower;
+        let upper;
+        while (true) {
+            let scriptPosition = this.position;
+            while (scriptPosition < this.source.length && /[ \t]/.test(this.source[scriptPosition] ?? "")) {
+                scriptPosition++;
+            }
+            const kind = this.source[scriptPosition];
+            if (kind !== "_" && kind !== "^") {
+                break;
+            }
+            this.position = scriptPosition + 1;
+            const value = normalizeOutput(this.parseRequiredArgument(false)).replaceAll(" ", "");
+            if (kind === "_") {
+                if (lower !== undefined) {
+                    this.supported = false;
+                }
+                lower = value;
+            }
+            else {
+                if (upper !== undefined) {
+                    this.supported = false;
+                }
+                upper = value;
+            }
+        }
+        if (this.display && useDisplayLimits && (lower !== undefined || upper !== undefined)) {
+            const index = this.layoutNodes.push({ type: "operator", operator, lower, upper }) - 1;
+            return `${LAYOUT_MARKER_START}${index}${LAYOUT_MARKER_END}`;
+        }
+        let rendered = operator;
+        if (lower !== undefined) {
+            rendered += inlineLowerStyle === "bracket" ? `[${lower}]` : formatScript(lower, "sub");
+        }
+        if (upper !== undefined) {
+            rendered += formatScript(upper, "sup");
+        }
+        return spaced ? ` ${rendered} ` : rendered;
+    }
+    parseRequiredArgument(stackFractions = true) {
+        const previousStackFractions = this.stackFractions;
+        this.stackFractions = previousStackFractions && stackFractions;
+        const value = this.parseRequiredArgumentValue();
+        this.stackFractions = previousStackFractions;
+        return value;
+    }
+    parseRequiredArgumentValue() {
+        while (this.position < this.source.length && /\s/.test(this.source[this.position] ?? "")) {
+            this.position++;
+        }
+        if (this.position >= this.source.length) {
+            this.supported = false;
+            return "";
+        }
+        if (this.source[this.position] === "{") {
+            this.position++;
+            return this.parseSequence("}");
+        }
+        if (this.source[this.position] === "\\") {
+            return this.parseCommand();
+        }
+        const value = this.source[this.position] ?? "";
+        this.position++;
+        return value;
+    }
+    parseOptionalArgument() {
+        while (this.position < this.source.length && /[ \t]/.test(this.source[this.position] ?? "")) {
+            this.position++;
+        }
+        if (this.source[this.position] !== "[") {
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const end = this.source.indexOf("]", this.position + 1);
+        if (end < 0) {
+            this.supported = false;
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const value = this.source.slice(this.position + 1, end);
+        this.position = end + 1;
+        return this.renderNested(value);
+    }
+    readRawGroup() {
+        while (this.position < this.source.length && /[ \t]/.test(this.source[this.position] ?? "")) {
+            this.position++;
+        }
+        if (this.source[this.position] !== "{") {
+            this.supported = false;
+            return undefined;
+        }
+        const start = ++this.position;
+        let depth = 1;
+        while (this.position < this.source.length) {
+            const character = this.source[this.position];
+            if (character === "\\") {
+                this.position += 2;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (character === "{")
+                depth++;
+            if (character === "}")
+                depth--;
+            if (depth === 0) {
+                const value = this.source.slice(start, this.position);
+                this.position++;
+                return value;
+            }
+            this.position++;
+        }
+        this.supported = false;
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    splitEnvironmentRows(body) {
+        return body.split(/\\\\(?:\[[^\]\n]*\])?/);
+    }
+    parseEnvironment() {
+        const environment = this.readRawGroup();
+        if (!environment) {
+            return "";
+        }
+        const endMarker = `\\end{${environment}}`;
+        const end = this.source.indexOf(endMarker, this.position);
+        if (end < 0) {
+            this.supported = false;
+            return "";
+        }
+        const body = this.source.slice(this.position, end);
+        this.position = end + endMarker.length;
+        if (environment === "equation" || environment === "equation*" || environment === "displaymath") {
+            return this.renderNested(body).trim();
+        }
+        if (environment === "aligned" ||
+            environment === "align" ||
+            environment === "align*" ||
+            environment === "alignedat" ||
+            environment === "alignat" ||
+            environment === "alignat*" ||
+            environment === "gather" ||
+            environment === "gathered" ||
+            environment === "multline" ||
+            environment === "multline*" ||
+            environment === "split") {
+            const alignedAt = ["alignedat", "alignat", "alignat*"].includes(environment);
+            const alignedBody = alignedAt ? body.replace(/^\s*\{[^}]*\}/, "") : body;
+            return this.splitEnvironmentRows(alignedBody)
+                .map((row) => {
+                const cells = row.split("&");
+                const source = alignedAt
+                    ? Array.from({ length: Math.ceil(cells.length / 2) }, (_, index) => cells.slice(index * 2, index * 2 + 2).join("")).join(" ")
+                    : cells.join("");
+                return this.renderNested(source).trim();
+            })
+                .filter(Boolean)
+                .join("\n");
+        }
+        if (environment === "cases" || environment === "cases*") {
+            return this.renderCases(body);
+        }
+        if (["array", "matrix", "smallmatrix", "pmatrix", "bmatrix", "Bmatrix", "vmatrix", "Vmatrix"].includes(environment)) {
+            const matrixBody = environment === "array" ? body.replace(/^\s*\{[^}]*\}/, "") : body;
+            return this.renderMatrix(environment, matrixBody);
+        }
+        this.supported = false;
+        return body;
+    }
+    renderCases(body) {
+        const rows = this.splitEnvironmentRows(body)
+            .map((row) => row.split("&").map((cell) => this.renderNested(cell, false).trim()))
+            .filter((row) => row.some(Boolean));
+        const valueWidth = Math.max(0, ...rows.map((row) => visibleWidth((row[0] ?? "").replace(/,\s*$/, ""))));
+        const contents = rows.map((row) => {
+            const value = (row[0] ?? "").replace(/,\s*$/, "");
+            const condition = row[1] ?? "";
+            if (!condition) {
+                return value;
+            }
+            const conditionPrefix = /^(?:if|when|for|otherwise)\b/i.test(condition) ? " " : " if ";
+            return `${value}${PROTECTED_SPACE.repeat(valueWidth - visibleWidth(value))}${conditionPrefix}${condition}`;
+        });
+        if (contents.length <= 1) {
+            return contents.length === 0 ? "" : `⎧ ${contents[0]}`;
+        }
+        const middle = Math.floor(contents.length / 2);
+        const visualRows = [...contents];
+        if (contents.length % 2 === 0) {
+            visualRows.splice(middle, 0, undefined);
+        }
+        const lines = visualRows.map((content, index) => {
+            const delimiter = index === 0 ? "⎧" : index === visualRows.length - 1 ? "⎩" : "⎨";
+            return content === undefined ? delimiter : `${delimiter} ${content}`;
+        });
+        const index = this.layoutNodes.push({ type: "matrix", lines, baseline: middle }) - 1;
+        return `${LAYOUT_MARKER_START}${index}${LAYOUT_MARKER_END}`;
+    }
+    renderMatrix(environment, body) {
+        const matrix = this.splitEnvironmentRows(body)
+            .map((row) => row.split("&").map((cell) => this.renderNested(cell, false).trim()))
+            .filter((row) => row.some(Boolean));
+        const columnCount = Math.max(0, ...matrix.map((row) => row.length));
+        const columnWidths = Array.from({ length: columnCount }, (_, column) => Math.max(0, ...matrix.map((row) => visibleWidth(row[column] ?? ""))));
+        const rows = matrix.map((row) => Array.from({ length: columnCount }, (_, column) => {
+            const cell = row[column] ?? "";
+            return `${cell}${PROTECTED_SPACE.repeat(Math.max(0, (columnWidths[column] ?? 0) - visibleWidth(cell)))}`;
+        }).join(" │ "));
+        let lines;
+        if (environment === "array" || environment === "matrix" || environment === "smallmatrix") {
+            lines = rows;
+        }
+        else {
+            const delimiters = {
+                pmatrix: ["⎛", "⎞", "⎜", "⎟", "⎝", "⎠"],
+                bmatrix: ["⎡", "⎤", "⎢", "⎥", "⎣", "⎦"],
+                Bmatrix: ["⎧", "⎫", "⎨", "⎬", "⎩", "⎭"],
+                vmatrix: ["│", "│", "│", "│", "│", "│"],
+                Vmatrix: ["║", "║", "║", "║", "║", "║"],
+            };
+            const delimiter = delimiters[environment];
+            if (!delimiter) {
+                this.supported = false;
+                return rows.join("\n");
+            }
+            lines = rows.map((row, index) => {
+                const left = index === 0 ? delimiter[0] : index === rows.length - 1 ? delimiter[4] : delimiter[2];
+                const right = index === 0 ? delimiter[1] : index === rows.length - 1 ? delimiter[5] : delimiter[3];
+                return `${left} ${row} ${right}`;
+            });
+        }
+        if (lines.length <= 1) {
+            return lines[0] ?? "";
+        }
+        const index = this.layoutNodes.push({ type: "matrix", lines, baseline: 0 }) - 1;
+        return `${LAYOUT_MARKER_START}${index}${LAYOUT_MARKER_END}`;
+    }
+    renderNested(source, stackFractions = true) {
+        const rendered = new LatexParser(source, this.layoutNodes, this.display && stackFractions).render();
+        if (rendered === undefined) {
+            this.supported = false;
+            return source;
+        }
+        return rendered;
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Render a basic LaTeX math expression as terminal-friendly Unicode text.
+ * Returns undefined when the expression contains unsupported or malformed syntax.
+ */
+export function renderLatex(source, options = {}) {
+    const layoutNodes = [];
+    const rendered = new LatexParser(source, layoutNodes, options.display === true).render();
+    if (rendered === undefined) {
+        return undefined;
+    }
+    if (layoutNodes.length === 0) {
+        return rendered.replaceAll(PROTECTED_SPACE, " ");
+    }
+    const lines = renderLayout(rendered, layoutNodes).lines;
+    const indentation = Math.min(...lines.filter((line) => line.trim()).map((line) => line.length - line.trimStart().length));
+    return lines
+        .map((line) => line.slice(indentation).trimEnd())
+        .join("\n")
+        .trimEnd()
+        .replaceAll(PROTECTED_SPACE, " ");
+}