@daniel156161/prism 0.2.100 → 0.2.105

package/node_modules/@earendil-works/pi-tui/dist/tui-main-screen.d.ts.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"version":3,"file":"tui-main-screen.d.ts","sourceRoot":"","sources":["../src/tui-main-screen.ts"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAGA,OAAO,EAAE,KAAK,GAAG,EAAE,OAAO,EAAE,KAAK,cAAc,EAAE,MAAM,UAAU,CAAC;AA0ClE,MAAM,WAAW,wBAAwB;IACxC,aAAa,EAAE,MAAM,EAAE,CAAC;IACxB,aAAa,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACtB,cAAc,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACvB,SAAS,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IAClB,iBAAiB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IAC1B,gBAAgB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;IACzB,mBAAmB,EAAE,MAAM,CAAC;CAC5B;AAED,sFAAsF;AACtF,qBAAa,aAAc,SAAQ,OAAQ,YAAW,GAAG;IACxD,QAAQ,CAAC,IAAI,YAAsB;IACnC,OAAO,CAAC,aAAa,CAAgB;IACrC,OAAO,CAAC,qBAAqB,CAAqB;IAClD,OAAO,CAAC,aAAa,CAAK;IAC1B,OAAO,CAAC,cAAc,CAAK;IAC3B,OAAO,CAAC,SAAS,CAAK;IACtB,OAAO,CAAC,iBAAiB,CAAK;IAC9B,OAAO,CAAC,gBAAgB,CAAK;IAC7B,OAAO,CAAC,mBAAmB,CAAK;IAEhC,kBAAkB,IAAI,wBAAwB,CAU7C;IAED,kBAAkB,CAAC,KAAK,EAAE,wBAAwB,GAAG,IAAI,CASxD;IAED,UAAmB,gBAAgB,IAAI,IAAI,CAQ1C;IAED,UAAmB,kBAAkB,CAAC,OAAO,EAAE,cAAc,GAAG,IAAI,CAQnE;IAED,OAAO,CAAC,oBAAoB;IAU5B,OAAO,CAAC,iBAAiB;IAQzB,OAAO,CAAC,yBAAyB;IAcjC,OAAO,CAAC,gCAAgC;IAuBxC,OAAO,CAAC,wBAAwB;IAchC,SAAS,CAAC,QAAQ,IAAI,IAAI,CA+WzB;IAED;;;;OAIG;IACH,OAAO,CAAC,sBAAsB;CAgC9B","sourcesContent":["import * as fs from \"node:fs\";\nimport * as path from \"node:path\";\nimport { deleteKittyImage, isImageLine } from \"./terminal-image.ts\";\nimport { type TUI, TuiBase, type TuiStopOptions } from \"./tui.ts\";\nimport { visibleWidth } from \"./utils.ts\";\n\nconst KITTY_SEQUENCE_PREFIX = \"\\x1b_G\";\n\ninterface KittyImageHeader {\n\tids: number[];\n\trows: number;\n}\n\nfunction parseKittyImageHeader(line: string): KittyImageHeader | undefined {\n\tconst sequenceStart = line.indexOf(KITTY_SEQUENCE_PREFIX);\n\tif (sequenceStart === -1) return undefined;\n\tconst paramsStart = sequenceStart + KITTY_SEQUENCE_PREFIX.length;\n\tconst paramsEnd = line.indexOf(\";\", paramsStart);\n\tif (paramsEnd === -1) return undefined;\n\n\tconst ids: number[] = [];\n\tlet rows = 1;\n\tfor (const param of line.slice(paramsStart, paramsEnd).split(\",\")) {\n\t\tconst [key, value] = param.split(\"=\", 2);\n\t\tif (value === undefined) continue;\n\t\tconst numberValue = Number(value);\n\t\tif (!Number.isInteger(numberValue) || numberValue <= 0 || numberValue > 0xffffffff) continue;\n\t\tif (key === \"i\") ids.push(numberValue);\n\t\telse if (key === \"r\") rows = numberValue;\n\t}\n\treturn { ids, rows };\n}\n\nfunction extractKittyImageIds(line: string): number[] {\n\treturn parseKittyImageHeader(line)?.ids ?? [];\n}\n\nfunction extractKittyImageRows(line: string): number {\n\treturn parseKittyImageHeader(line)?.rows ?? 1;\n}\n\nfunction isTermuxSession(): boolean {\n\treturn Boolean(process.env.TERMUX_VERSION);\n}\n\nexport interface TuiMainScreenRenderState {\n\tpreviousLines: string[];\n\tpreviousWidth: number;\n\tpreviousHeight: number;\n\tcursorRow: number;\n\thardwareCursorRow: number;\n\tmaxLinesRendered: number;\n\tpreviousViewportTop: number;\n}\n\n/** TUI implementation that renders into the terminal's main screen and scrollback. */\nexport class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase implements TUI {\n\treadonly mode = \"regular\" as const;\n\tprivate previousLines: string[] = [];\n\tprivate previousKittyImageIds = new Set<number>();\n\tprivate previousWidth = 0;\n\tprivate previousHeight = 0;\n\tprivate cursorRow = 0;\n\tprivate hardwareCursorRow = 0;\n\tprivate maxLinesRendered = 0;\n\tprivate previousViewportTop = 0;\n\n\tcaptureRenderState(): TuiMainScreenRenderState {\n\t\treturn {\n\t\t\tpreviousLines: [...this.previousLines],\n\t\t\tpreviousWidth: this.previousWidth,\n\t\t\tpreviousHeight: this.previousHeight,\n\t\t\tcursorRow: this.cursorRow,\n\t\t\thardwareCursorRow: this.hardwareCursorRow,\n\t\t\tmaxLinesRendered: this.maxLinesRendered,\n\t\t\tpreviousViewportTop: this.previousViewportTop,\n\t\t};\n\t}\n\n\trestoreRenderState(state: TuiMainScreenRenderState): void {\n\t\tthis.previousLines = state.previousLines.map((line) => (isImageLine(line) ? \"\" : line));\n\t\tthis.previousKittyImageIds = new Set();\n\t\tthis.previousWidth = state.previousWidth;\n\t\tthis.previousHeight = state.previousHeight;\n\t\tthis.cursorRow = state.cursorRow;\n\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = state.hardwareCursorRow;\n\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = state.maxLinesRendered;\n\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = state.previousViewportTop;\n\t}\n\n\tprotected override resetRenderState(): void {\n\t\tthis.previousLines = [];\n\t\tthis.previousWidth = -1;\n\t\tthis.previousHeight = -1;\n\t\tthis.cursorRow = 0;\n\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = 0;\n\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = 0;\n\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = 0;\n\t}\n\n\tprotected override beforeTerminalStop(options: TuiStopOptions): void {\n\t\tif (options.preserveScreen || this.previousLines.length === 0) return;\n\t\tthis.terminal.write(\" \");\n\t\tconst targetRow = this.previousLines.length;\n\t\tconst lineDiff = targetRow - this.hardwareCursorRow;\n\t\tif (lineDiff > 0) this.terminal.write(`\\x1b[${lineDiff}B`);\n\t\telse if (lineDiff < 0) this.terminal.write(`\\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`);\n\t\tthis.terminal.write(\"\\r\\n\");\n\t}\n\n\tprivate collectKittyImageIds(lines: string[]): Set<number> {\n\t\tconst ids = new Set<number>();\n\t\tfor (const line of lines) {\n\t\t\tfor (const id of extractKittyImageIds(line)) {\n\t\t\t\tids.add(id);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn ids;\n\t}\n\n\tprivate deleteKittyImages(ids: Iterable<number>): string {\n\t\tlet buffer = \"\";\n\t\tfor (const id of ids) {\n\t\t\tbuffer += deleteKittyImage(id);\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn buffer;\n\t}\n\n\tprivate getKittyImageReservedRows(lines: string[], index: number, maxIndex = lines.length - 1): number {\n\t\tconst rows = extractKittyImageRows(lines[index] ?? \"\");\n\t\tif (rows <= 1) return 1;\n\n\t\tconst maxRows = Math.min(rows, maxIndex - index + 1, lines.length - index);\n\t\tlet reservedRows = 1;\n\t\twhile (reservedRows < maxRows) {\n\t\t\tconst line = lines[index + reservedRows] ?? \"\";\n\t\t\tif (isImageLine(line) || visibleWidth(line) > 0) break;\n\t\t\treservedRows++;\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn reservedRows;\n\t}\n\n\tprivate expandChangedRangeForKittyImages(\n\t\tfirstChanged: number,\n\t\tlastChanged: number,\n\t\tnewLines: string[],\n\t): { firstChanged: number; lastChanged: number } {\n\t\tlet expandedFirstChanged = firstChanged;\n\t\tlet expandedLastChanged = lastChanged;\n\t\tconst expandForLines = (lines: string[]): void => {\n\t\t\tfor (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {\n\t\t\t\tif (extractKittyImageIds(lines[i]).length === 0) continue;\n\t\t\t\tconst blockEnd = i + this.getKittyImageReservedRows(lines, i) - 1;\n\t\t\t\tif (i >= firstChanged || (i <= lastChanged && blockEnd >= firstChanged)) {\n\t\t\t\t\texpandedFirstChanged = Math.min(expandedFirstChanged, i);\n\t\t\t\t\texpandedLastChanged = Math.max(expandedLastChanged, blockEnd);\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t};\n\n\t\texpandForLines(this.previousLines);\n\t\texpandForLines(newLines);\n\t\treturn { firstChanged: expandedFirstChanged, lastChanged: expandedLastChanged };\n\t}\n\n\tprivate deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged: number, lastChanged: number): string {\n\t\tif (firstChanged < 0 || lastChanged < firstChanged) return \"\";\n\n\t\tconst ids = new Set<number>();\n\t\tconst maxLine = Math.min(lastChanged, this.previousLines.length - 1);\n\t\tfor (let i = firstChanged; i <= maxLine; i++) {\n\t\t\tfor (const id of extractKittyImageIds(this.previousLines[i] ?? \"\")) {\n\t\t\t\tids.add(id);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn this.deleteKittyImages(ids);\n\t}\n\n\tprotected doRender(): void {\n\t\tif (this.stopped) return;\n\t\tconst width = this.terminal.columns;\n\t\tconst height = this.terminal.rows;\n\t\tconst widthChanged = this.previousWidth !== 0 && this.previousWidth !== width;\n\t\tconst heightChanged = this.previousHeight !== 0 && this.previousHeight !== height;\n\t\tconst previousBufferLength = this.previousHeight > 0 ? this.previousViewportTop + this.previousHeight : height;\n\t\tlet prevViewportTop = heightChanged ? Math.max(0, previousBufferLength - height) : this.previousViewportTop;\n\t\tlet viewportTop = prevViewportTop;\n\t\tlet hardwareCursorRow = this.hardwareCursorRow;\n\t\tconst computeLineDiff = (targetRow: number): number => {\n\t\t\tconst currentScreenRow = hardwareCursorRow - prevViewportTop;\n\t\t\tconst targetScreenRow = targetRow - viewportTop;\n\t\t\treturn targetScreenRow - currentScreenRow;\n\t\t};\n\n\t\t// Render all components to get new lines\n\t\tlet newLines = this.render(width);\n\n\t\t// Composite overlays into the rendered lines (before differential compare)\n\t\tif (this.hasOverlayEntries) {\n\t\t\tnewLines = this.compositeOverlays(newLines, width, height);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Extract cursor position before applying line resets (marker must be found first)\n\t\tconst cursorPos = this.extractCursorPosition(newLines, height);\n\n\t\tnewLines = this.applyLineResets(newLines);\n\n\t\t// Helper to clear scrollback and viewport and render all new lines\n\t\tconst fullRender = (clear: boolean): void => {\n\t\t\tthis.fullRedrawCount += 1;\n\t\t\tlet buffer = \"\\x1b[?2026h\"; // Begin synchronized output\n\t\t\tif (clear) {\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += this.deleteKittyImages(this.previousKittyImageIds);\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\x1b[2J\\x1b[H\\x1b[3J\"; // Clear screen, home, then clear scrollback\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tfor (let i = 0; i < newLines.length; i++) {\n\t\t\t\tif (i > 0) buffer += \"\\r\\n\";\n\t\t\t\tconst line = newLines[i];\n\t\t\t\tconst isImage = isImageLine(line);\n\t\t\t\tconst imageReservedRows = isImage ? this.getKittyImageReservedRows(newLines, i) : 1;\n\t\t\t\tif (imageReservedRows > 1 && imageReservedRows <= height) {\n\t\t\t\t\tfor (let row = 1; row < imageReservedRows; row++) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\r\\n\";\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}A`;\n\t\t\t\t\tbuffer += line;\n\t\t\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}B`;\n\t\t\t\t\ti += imageReservedRows - 1;\n\t\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += line;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\x1b[?2026l\"; // End synchronized output\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.write(buffer);\n\t\t\tthis.cursorRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);\n\t\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = this.cursorRow;\n\t\t\t// Reset max lines when clearing, otherwise track growth\n\t\t\tif (clear) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = newLines.length;\n\t\t\t} else {\n\t\t\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = Math.max(this.maxLinesRendered, newLines.length);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tconst bufferLength = Math.max(height, newLines.length);\n\t\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = Math.max(0, bufferLength - height);\n\t\t\tthis.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);\n\t\t\tthis.previousLines = newLines;\n\t\t\tthis.previousKittyImageIds = this.collectKittyImageIds(newLines);\n\t\t\tthis.previousWidth = width;\n\t\t\tthis.previousHeight = height;\n\t\t};\n\n\t\tconst debugRedraw = process.env.PI_DEBUG_REDRAW === \"1\";\n\t\tconst logRedraw = (reason: string): void => {\n\t\t\tif (!debugRedraw) return;\n\t\t\tconst logPath = path.join(this.logDirectory, \"pi-debug.log\");\n\t\t\tconst msg = `[${new Date().toISOString()}] fullRender: ${reason} (prev=${this.previousLines.length}, new=${newLines.length}, height=${height})\\n`;\n\t\t\tfs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(logPath), { recursive: true });\n\t\t\tfs.appendFileSync(logPath, msg);\n\t\t};\n\n\t\t// First render - just output everything without clearing (assumes clean screen)\n\t\tif (this.previousLines.length === 0 && !widthChanged && !heightChanged) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(\"first render\");\n\t\t\tfullRender(false);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Width changes always need a full re-render because wrapping changes.\n\t\tif (widthChanged) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(`terminal width changed (${this.previousWidth} -> ${width})`);\n\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Height changes normally need a full re-render to keep the visible viewport aligned,\n\t\t// but Termux changes height when the software keyboard shows or hides.\n\t\t// In that environment, a full redraw causes the entire history to replay on every toggle.\n\t\tif (heightChanged && !isTermuxSession()) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(`terminal height changed (${this.previousHeight} -> ${height})`);\n\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Content shrunk below the working area and no overlays - re-render to clear empty rows\n\t\t// (overlays need the padding, so only do this when no overlays are active)\n\t\t// Configurable via setClearOnShrink() or PI_CLEAR_ON_SHRINK=0 env var\n\t\tif (this.getClearOnShrink() && newLines.length < this.maxLinesRendered && !this.hasOverlayEntries) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(`clearOnShrink (maxLinesRendered=${this.maxLinesRendered})`);\n\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Find first and last changed lines\n\t\tlet firstChanged = -1;\n\t\tlet lastChanged = -1;\n\t\tconst maxLines = Math.max(newLines.length, this.previousLines.length);\n\t\tfor (let i = 0; i < maxLines; i++) {\n\t\t\tconst oldLine = i < this.previousLines.length ? this.previousLines[i] : \"\";\n\t\t\tconst newLine = i < newLines.length ? newLines[i] : \"\";\n\n\t\t\tif (oldLine !== newLine) {\n\t\t\t\tif (firstChanged === -1) {\n\t\t\t\t\tfirstChanged = i;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tlastChanged = i;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\tconst appendedLines = newLines.length > this.previousLines.length;\n\t\tif (appendedLines) {\n\t\t\tif (firstChanged === -1) {\n\t\t\t\tfirstChanged = this.previousLines.length;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tlastChanged = newLines.length - 1;\n\t\t}\n\t\tif (firstChanged !== -1) {\n\t\t\tconst expandedRange = this.expandChangedRangeForKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged, newLines);\n\t\t\tfirstChanged = expandedRange.firstChanged;\n\t\t\tlastChanged = expandedRange.lastChanged;\n\t\t}\n\t\tconst appendStart = appendedLines && firstChanged === this.previousLines.length && firstChanged > 0;\n\n\t\t// No changes - but still need to update hardware cursor position if it moved\n\t\tif (firstChanged === -1) {\n\t\t\tthis.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);\n\t\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = prevViewportTop;\n\t\t\tthis.previousHeight = height;\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// All changes are in deleted lines (nothing to render, just clear)\n\t\tif (firstChanged >= newLines.length) {\n\t\t\tif (this.previousLines.length > newLines.length) {\n\t\t\t\tlet buffer = \"\\x1b[?2026h\";\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += this.deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged);\n\t\t\t\t// Move to end of new content (clamp to 0 for empty content)\n\t\t\t\tconst targetRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);\n\t\t\t\tif (targetRow < prevViewportTop) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlogRedraw(`deleted lines moved viewport up (${targetRow} < ${prevViewportTop})`);\n\t\t\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tconst lineDiff = computeLineDiff(targetRow);\n\t\t\t\tif (lineDiff > 0) buffer += `\\x1b[${lineDiff}B`;\n\t\t\t\telse if (lineDiff < 0) buffer += `\\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`;\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\r\";\n\t\t\t\t// Clear extra lines without scrolling\n\t\t\t\tconst extraLines = this.previousLines.length - newLines.length;\n\t\t\t\tif (extraLines > height) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlogRedraw(`extraLines > height (${extraLines} > ${height})`);\n\t\t\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tconst clearStartOffset = newLines.length === 0 ? 0 : 1;\n\t\t\t\tif (extraLines > 0 && clearStartOffset > 0) {\n\t\t\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${clearStartOffset}B`;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tfor (let i = 0; i < extraLines; i++) {\n\t\t\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\r\\x1b[2K\";\n\t\t\t\t\tif (i < extraLines - 1) buffer += \"\\x1b[1B\";\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tconst moveBack = Math.max(0, extraLines - 1 + clearStartOffset);\n\t\t\t\tif (moveBack > 0) {\n\t\t\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${moveBack}A`;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\x1b[?2026l\";\n\t\t\t\tthis.terminal.write(buffer);\n\t\t\t\tthis.cursorRow = targetRow;\n\t\t\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = targetRow;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tthis.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);\n\t\t\tthis.previousLines = newLines;\n\t\t\tthis.previousKittyImageIds = this.collectKittyImageIds(newLines);\n\t\t\tthis.previousWidth = width;\n\t\t\tthis.previousHeight = height;\n\t\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = prevViewportTop;\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Differential rendering can only touch what was actually visible.\n\t\t// If the first changed line is above the previous viewport, we need a full redraw.\n\t\tif (firstChanged < prevViewportTop) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(`firstChanged < viewportTop (${firstChanged} < ${prevViewportTop})`);\n\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Render from first changed line to end\n\t\t// Build buffer with all updates wrapped in synchronized output\n\t\tlet buffer = \"\\x1b[?2026h\"; // Begin synchronized output\n\t\tbuffer += this.deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged);\n\t\tconst prevViewportBottom = prevViewportTop + height - 1;\n\t\tconst moveTargetRow = appendStart ? firstChanged - 1 : firstChanged;\n\t\tif (moveTargetRow > prevViewportBottom) {\n\t\t\tconst currentScreenRow = Math.max(0, Math.min(height - 1, hardwareCursorRow - prevViewportTop));\n\t\t\tconst moveToBottom = height - 1 - currentScreenRow;\n\t\t\tif (moveToBottom > 0) {\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${moveToBottom}B`;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tconst scroll = moveTargetRow - prevViewportBottom;\n\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\r\\n\".repeat(scroll);\n\t\t\tprevViewportTop += scroll;\n\t\t\tviewportTop += scroll;\n\t\t\thardwareCursorRow = moveTargetRow;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Move cursor to first changed line (use hardwareCursorRow for actual position)\n\t\tconst lineDiff = computeLineDiff(moveTargetRow);\n\t\tif (lineDiff > 0) {\n\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${lineDiff}B`; // Move down\n\t\t} else if (lineDiff < 0) {\n\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`; // Move up\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tbuffer += appendStart ? \"\\r\\n\" : \"\\r\"; // Move to column 0\n\n\t\t// Only render changed lines (firstChanged to lastChanged), not all lines to end\n\t\t// This reduces flicker when only a single line changes (e.g., spinner animation)\n\t\tconst renderEnd = Math.min(lastChanged, newLines.length - 1);\n\t\tfor (let i = firstChanged; i <= renderEnd; i++) {\n\t\t\tif (i > firstChanged) buffer += \"\\r\\n\";\n\t\t\tconst line = newLines[i];\n\t\t\tconst isImage = isImageLine(line);\n\t\t\tconst imageReservedRows = isImage ? this.getKittyImageReservedRows(newLines, i, renderEnd) : 1;\n\t\t\tif (imageReservedRows > 1) {\n\t\t\t\tconst imageStartScreenRow = i - viewportTop;\n\t\t\t\tif (imageStartScreenRow < 0 || imageStartScreenRow + imageReservedRows > height) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlogRedraw(\n\t\t\t\t\t\t`kitty image pre-clear would scroll (${imageStartScreenRow} + ${imageReservedRows} > ${height})`,\n\t\t\t\t\t);\n\t\t\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\x1b[2K\";\n\t\t\t\tfor (let row = 1; row < imageReservedRows; row++) {\n\t\t\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\r\\n\\x1b[2K\";\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}A`;\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += line;\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}B`;\n\t\t\t\ti += imageReservedRows - 1;\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\x1b[2K\"; // Clear current line\n\t\t\tif (!isImage && visibleWidth(line) > width) {\n\t\t\t\t// Log all lines to crash file for debugging\n\t\t\t\tconst crashLogPath = path.join(this.logDirectory, \"pi-crash.log\");\n\t\t\t\tconst crashData = [\n\t\t\t\t\t`Crash at ${new Date().toISOString()}`,\n\t\t\t\t\t`Terminal width: ${width}`,\n\t\t\t\t\t`Line ${i} visible width: ${visibleWidth(line)}`,\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"=== All rendered lines ===\",\n\t\t\t\t\t...newLines.map((l, idx) => `[${idx}] (w=${visibleWidth(l)}) ${l}`),\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t].join(\"\\n\");\n\t\t\t\tfs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(crashLogPath), { recursive: true });\n\t\t\t\tfs.writeFileSync(crashLogPath, crashData);\n\n\t\t\t\t// Clean up terminal state before throwing\n\t\t\t\tthis.stop();\n\n\t\t\t\tconst errorMsg = [\n\t\t\t\t\t`Rendered line ${i} exceeds terminal width (${visibleWidth(line)} > ${width}).`,\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"This is likely caused by a custom TUI component not truncating its output.\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"Use visibleWidth() to measure and truncateToWidth() to truncate lines.\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\t`Debug log written to: ${crashLogPath}`,\n\t\t\t\t].join(\"\\n\");\n\t\t\t\tthrow new Error(errorMsg);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tbuffer += line;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Track where cursor ended up after rendering\n\t\tlet finalCursorRow = renderEnd;\n\n\t\t// If we had more lines before, clear them and move cursor back\n\t\tif (this.previousLines.length > newLines.length) {\n\t\t\t// Move to end of new content first if we stopped before it\n\t\t\tif (renderEnd < newLines.length - 1) {\n\t\t\t\tconst moveDown = newLines.length - 1 - renderEnd;\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${moveDown}B`;\n\t\t\t\tfinalCursorRow = newLines.length - 1;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tconst extraLines = this.previousLines.length - newLines.length;\n\t\t\tfor (let i = newLines.length; i < this.previousLines.length; i++) {\n\t\t\t\tbuffer += \"\\r\\n\\x1b[2K\";\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// Move cursor back to end of new content\n\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${extraLines}A`;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tbuffer += \"\\x1b[?2026l\"; // End synchronized output\n\n\t\tif (process.env.PI_TUI_DEBUG === \"1\") {\n\t\t\tconst debugDir = \"/tmp/tui\";\n\t\t\tfs.mkdirSync(debugDir, { recursive: true });\n\t\t\tconst debugPath = path.join(debugDir, `render-${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}.log`);\n\t\t\tconst debugData = [\n\t\t\t\t`firstChanged: ${firstChanged}`,\n\t\t\t\t`viewportTop: ${viewportTop}`,\n\t\t\t\t`cursorRow: ${this.cursorRow}`,\n\t\t\t\t`height: ${height}`,\n\t\t\t\t`lineDiff: ${lineDiff}`,\n\t\t\t\t`hardwareCursorRow: ${hardwareCursorRow}`,\n\t\t\t\t`renderEnd: ${renderEnd}`,\n\t\t\t\t`finalCursorRow: ${finalCursorRow}`,\n\t\t\t\t`cursorPos: ${JSON.stringify(cursorPos)}`,\n\t\t\t\t`newLines.length: ${newLines.length}`,\n\t\t\t\t`previousLines.length: ${this.previousLines.length}`,\n\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\"=== newLines ===\",\n\t\t\t\tJSON.stringify(newLines, null, 2),\n\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\"=== previousLines ===\",\n\t\t\t\tJSON.stringify(this.previousLines, null, 2),\n\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\"=== buffer ===\",\n\t\t\t\tJSON.stringify(buffer),\n\t\t\t].join(\"\\n\");\n\t\t\tfs.writeFileSync(debugPath, debugData);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Write entire buffer at once\n\t\tthis.terminal.write(buffer);\n\n\t\t// Track cursor position for next render\n\t\t// cursorRow tracks end of content (for viewport calculation)\n\t\t// hardwareCursorRow tracks actual terminal cursor position (for movement)\n\t\tthis.cursorRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);\n\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = finalCursorRow;\n\t\t// Track terminal's working area (grows but doesn't shrink unless cleared)\n\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = Math.max(this.maxLinesRendered, newLines.length);\n\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = Math.max(prevViewportTop, finalCursorRow - height + 1);\n\n\t\t// Position hardware cursor for IME\n\t\tthis.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);\n\n\t\tthis.previousLines = newLines;\n\t\tthis.previousKittyImageIds = this.collectKittyImageIds(newLines);\n\t\tthis.previousWidth = width;\n\t\tthis.previousHeight = height;\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Position the hardware cursor for IME candidate window.\n\t * @param cursorPos The cursor position extracted from rendered output, or null\n\t * @param totalLines Total number of rendered lines\n\t */\n\tprivate positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos: { row: number; col: number } | null, totalLines: number): void {\n\t\tif (!cursorPos || totalLines <= 0) {\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.hideCursor();\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Clamp cursor position to valid range\n\t\tconst targetRow = Math.max(0, Math.min(cursorPos.row, totalLines - 1));\n\t\tconst targetCol = Math.max(0, cursorPos.col);\n\n\t\t// Move cursor from current position to target\n\t\tconst rowDelta = targetRow - this.hardwareCursorRow;\n\t\tlet buffer = \"\";\n\t\tif (rowDelta > 0) {\n\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${rowDelta}B`; // Move down\n\t\t} else if (rowDelta < 0) {\n\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${-rowDelta}A`; // Move up\n\t\t}\n\t\t// Move to absolute column (1-indexed)\n\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${targetCol + 1}G`;\n\n\t\tif (buffer) {\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.write(buffer);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = targetRow;\n\t\tif (this.getShowHardwareCursor()) {\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.showCursor();\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.hideCursor();\n\t\t}\n\t}\n}\n"]}
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Oversized input is split at chunk boundaries, preserving\n * surrogate pairs so each write remains valid UTF-16. Callers append synchronized-output begin/end sequences themselves;\n * the final `flush()` writes any remainder, including the end sequence.\n */\nclass BoundedTerminalWriter {\n\tprivate buffer = \"\";\n\tprivate writtenChars = 0;\n\tprivate readonly write: (data: string) => void;\n\n\tconstructor(write: (data: string) => void) {\n\t\tthis.write = write;\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Append terminal data, flushing full chunks as needed. Callers must call `flush()` after the final append.\n\t * @param value Terminal data to write in order; oversized values are split without splitting surrogate pairs.\n\t */\n\tappend(value: string): void {\n\t\tlet offset = 0;\n\t\twhile (offset < value.length) {\n\t\t\tconst capacity = MAX_RENDER_WRITE_CHARS - this.buffer.length;\n\t\t\tif (capacity === 0) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.flush();\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tlet end = Math.min(value.length, offset + capacity);\n\t\t\tif (\n\t\t\t\tend < value.length &&\n\t\t\t\tvalue.charCodeAt(end - 1) >= 0xd800 &&\n\t\t\t\tvalue.charCodeAt(end - 1) <= 0xdbff &&\n\t\t\t\tvalue.charCodeAt(end) >= 0xdc00 &&\n\t\t\t\tvalue.charCodeAt(end) <= 0xdfff\n\t\t\t) {\n\t\t\t\tend--;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tif (end === offset) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.flush();\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\tthis.buffer += value.slice(offset, end);\n\t\t\toffset = end;\n\t\t\tif (this.buffer.length === MAX_RENDER_WRITE_CHARS) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.flush();\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\t/** Write the current chunk, if any, and retain only its character count for debug output. */\n\tflush(): void {\n\t\tif (!this.buffer) return;\n\t\tthis.write(this.buffer);\n\t\tthis.writtenChars += this.buffer.length;\n\t\tthis.buffer = \"\";\n\t}\n\n\tget length(): number {\n\t\treturn this.writtenChars + this.buffer.length;\n\t}\n}\n\ninterface KittyImageHeader {\n\tids: number[];\n\trows: number;\n}\n\nfunction parseKittyImageHeader(line: string): KittyImageHeader | undefined {\n\tconst sequenceStart = line.indexOf(KITTY_SEQUENCE_PREFIX);\n\tif (sequenceStart === -1) return undefined;\n\tconst paramsStart = sequenceStart + KITTY_SEQUENCE_PREFIX.length;\n\tconst paramsEnd = line.indexOf(\";\", paramsStart);\n\tif (paramsEnd === -1) return undefined;\n\n\tconst ids: number[] = [];\n\tlet rows = 1;\n\tfor (const param of line.slice(paramsStart, paramsEnd).split(\",\")) {\n\t\tconst [key, value] = param.split(\"=\", 2);\n\t\tif (value === undefined) continue;\n\t\tconst numberValue = Number(value);\n\t\tif (!Number.isInteger(numberValue) || numberValue <= 0 || numberValue > 0xffffffff) continue;\n\t\tif (key === \"i\") ids.push(numberValue);\n\t\telse if (key === \"r\") rows = numberValue;\n\t}\n\treturn { ids, rows };\n}\n\nfunction extractKittyImageIds(line: string): number[] {\n\treturn parseKittyImageHeader(line)?.ids ?? [];\n}\n\nfunction extractKittyImageRows(line: string): number {\n\treturn parseKittyImageHeader(line)?.rows ?? 1;\n}\n\nfunction isTermuxSession(): boolean {\n\treturn Boolean(process.env.TERMUX_VERSION);\n}\n\nexport interface TuiMainScreenRenderState {\n\tpreviousLines: string[];\n\tpreviousWidth: number;\n\tpreviousHeight: number;\n\tcursorRow: number;\n\thardwareCursorRow: number;\n\tmaxLinesRendered: number;\n\tpreviousViewportTop: number;\n}\n\n/** TUI implementation that renders into the terminal's main screen and scrollback. */\nexport class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase implements TUI {\n\treadonly mode = \"regular\" as const;\n\tprivate previousLines: string[] = [];\n\tprivate previousKittyImageIds = new Set<number>();\n\tprivate previousWidth = 0;\n\tprivate previousHeight = 0;\n\tprivate cursorRow = 0;\n\tprivate hardwareCursorRow = 0;\n\tprivate maxLinesRendered = 0;\n\tprivate previousViewportTop = 0;\n\n\tcaptureRenderState(): TuiMainScreenRenderState {\n\t\treturn {\n\t\t\tpreviousLines: [...this.previousLines],\n\t\t\tpreviousWidth: this.previousWidth,\n\t\t\tpreviousHeight: this.previousHeight,\n\t\t\tcursorRow: this.cursorRow,\n\t\t\thardwareCursorRow: this.hardwareCursorRow,\n\t\t\tmaxLinesRendered: this.maxLinesRendered,\n\t\t\tpreviousViewportTop: this.previousViewportTop,\n\t\t};\n\t}\n\n\trestoreRenderState(state: TuiMainScreenRenderState): void {\n\t\tthis.previousLines = state.previousLines.map((line) => (isImageLine(line) ? \"\" : line));\n\t\tthis.previousKittyImageIds = new Set();\n\t\tthis.previousWidth = state.previousWidth;\n\t\tthis.previousHeight = state.previousHeight;\n\t\tthis.cursorRow = state.cursorRow;\n\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = state.hardwareCursorRow;\n\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = state.maxLinesRendered;\n\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = state.previousViewportTop;\n\t}\n\n\tprotected override resetRenderState(): void {\n\t\tthis.previousLines = [];\n\t\tthis.previousWidth = -1;\n\t\tthis.previousHeight = -1;\n\t\tthis.cursorRow = 0;\n\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = 0;\n\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = 0;\n\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = 0;\n\t}\n\n\tprotected override beforeTerminalStop(options: TuiStopOptions): void {\n\t\tif (options.preserveScreen || this.previousLines.length === 0) return;\n\t\tthis.terminal.write(\" \");\n\t\tconst targetRow = this.previousLines.length;\n\t\tconst lineDiff = targetRow - this.hardwareCursorRow;\n\t\tif (lineDiff > 0) this.terminal.write(`\\x1b[${lineDiff}B`);\n\t\telse if (lineDiff < 0) this.terminal.write(`\\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`);\n\t\tthis.terminal.write(\"\\r\\n\");\n\t}\n\n\tprivate collectKittyImageIds(lines: string[]): Set<number> {\n\t\tconst ids = new Set<number>();\n\t\tfor (const line of lines) {\n\t\t\tfor (const id of extractKittyImageIds(line)) {\n\t\t\t\tids.add(id);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn ids;\n\t}\n\n\tprivate deleteKittyImages(ids: Iterable<number>): string {\n\t\tlet buffer = \"\";\n\t\tfor (const id of ids) {\n\t\t\tbuffer += deleteKittyImage(id);\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn buffer;\n\t}\n\n\tprivate getKittyImageReservedRows(lines: string[], index: number, maxIndex = lines.length - 1): number {\n\t\tconst rows = extractKittyImageRows(lines[index] ?? \"\");\n\t\tif (rows <= 1) return 1;\n\n\t\tconst maxRows = Math.min(rows, maxIndex - index + 1, lines.length - index);\n\t\tlet reservedRows = 1;\n\t\twhile (reservedRows < maxRows) {\n\t\t\tconst line = lines[index + reservedRows] ?? \"\";\n\t\t\tif (isImageLine(line) || visibleWidth(line) > 0) break;\n\t\t\treservedRows++;\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn reservedRows;\n\t}\n\n\tprivate expandChangedRangeForKittyImages(\n\t\tfirstChanged: number,\n\t\tlastChanged: number,\n\t\tnewLines: string[],\n\t): { firstChanged: number; lastChanged: number } {\n\t\tlet expandedFirstChanged = firstChanged;\n\t\tlet expandedLastChanged = lastChanged;\n\t\tconst expandForLines = (lines: string[]): void => {\n\t\t\tfor (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {\n\t\t\t\tif (extractKittyImageIds(lines[i]).length === 0) continue;\n\t\t\t\tconst blockEnd = i + this.getKittyImageReservedRows(lines, i) - 1;\n\t\t\t\tif (i >= firstChanged || (i <= lastChanged && blockEnd >= firstChanged)) {\n\t\t\t\t\texpandedFirstChanged = Math.min(expandedFirstChanged, i);\n\t\t\t\t\texpandedLastChanged = Math.max(expandedLastChanged, blockEnd);\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t};\n\n\t\texpandForLines(this.previousLines);\n\t\texpandForLines(newLines);\n\t\treturn { firstChanged: expandedFirstChanged, lastChanged: expandedLastChanged };\n\t}\n\n\tprivate deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged: number, lastChanged: number): string {\n\t\tif (firstChanged < 0 || lastChanged < firstChanged) return \"\";\n\n\t\tconst ids = new Set<number>();\n\t\tconst maxLine = Math.min(lastChanged, this.previousLines.length - 1);\n\t\tfor (let i = firstChanged; i <= maxLine; i++) {\n\t\t\tfor (const id of extractKittyImageIds(this.previousLines[i] ?? \"\")) {\n\t\t\t\tids.add(id);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\n\t\treturn this.deleteKittyImages(ids);\n\t}\n\n\tprotected doRender(): void {\n\t\tif (this.stopped) return;\n\t\tconst width = this.terminal.columns;\n\t\tconst height = this.terminal.rows;\n\t\tconst widthChanged = this.previousWidth !== 0 && this.previousWidth !== width;\n\t\tconst heightChanged = this.previousHeight !== 0 && this.previousHeight !== height;\n\t\tconst previousBufferLength = this.previousHeight > 0 ? this.previousViewportTop + this.previousHeight : height;\n\t\tlet prevViewportTop = heightChanged ? Math.max(0, previousBufferLength - height) : this.previousViewportTop;\n\t\tlet viewportTop = prevViewportTop;\n\t\tlet hardwareCursorRow = this.hardwareCursorRow;\n\t\tconst computeLineDiff = (targetRow: number): number => {\n\t\t\tconst currentScreenRow = hardwareCursorRow - prevViewportTop;\n\t\t\tconst targetScreenRow = targetRow - viewportTop;\n\t\t\treturn targetScreenRow - currentScreenRow;\n\t\t};\n\n\t\t// Render all components to get new lines\n\t\tlet newLines = this.render(width);\n\n\t\t// Composite overlays into the rendered lines (before differential compare)\n\t\tif (this.hasOverlayEntries) {\n\t\t\tnewLines = this.compositeOverlays(newLines, width, height);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Extract cursor position before applying line resets (marker must be found first)\n\t\tconst cursorPos = this.extractCursorPosition(newLines, height);\n\n\t\tnewLines = this.applyLineResets(newLines);\n\n\t\t// Helper to clear scrollback and viewport and render all new lines\n\t\tconst fullRender = (clear: boolean): void => {\n\t\t\tthis.fullRedrawCount += 1;\n\t\t\tconst output = new BoundedTerminalWriter((data) => this.terminal.write(data));\n\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[?2026h\"); // Begin synchronized output\n\t\t\tif (clear) {\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(this.deleteKittyImages(this.previousKittyImageIds));\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[2J\\x1b[H\\x1b[3J\"); // Clear screen, home, then clear scrollback\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tfor (let i = 0; i < newLines.length; i++) {\n\t\t\t\tif (i > 0) output.append(\"\\r\\n\");\n\t\t\t\tconst line = newLines[i];\n\t\t\t\tconst isImage = isImageLine(line);\n\t\t\t\tconst imageReservedRows = isImage ? this.getKittyImageReservedRows(newLines, i) : 1;\n\t\t\t\tif (imageReservedRows > 1 && imageReservedRows <= height) {\n\t\t\t\t\tfor (let row = 1; row < imageReservedRows; row++) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\r\\n\");\n\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}A`);\n\t\t\t\t\toutput.append(line);\n\t\t\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}B`);\n\t\t\t\t\ti += imageReservedRows - 1;\n\t\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(line);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[?2026l\"); // End synchronized output\n\t\t\toutput.flush();\n\t\t\tthis.cursorRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);\n\t\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = this.cursorRow;\n\t\t\t// Reset max lines when clearing, otherwise track growth\n\t\t\tif (clear) {\n\t\t\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = newLines.length;\n\t\t\t} else {\n\t\t\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = Math.max(this.maxLinesRendered, newLines.length);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tconst bufferLength = Math.max(height, newLines.length);\n\t\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = Math.max(0, bufferLength - height);\n\t\t\tthis.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);\n\t\t\tthis.previousLines = newLines;\n\t\t\tthis.previousKittyImageIds = this.collectKittyImageIds(newLines);\n\t\t\tthis.previousWidth = width;\n\t\t\tthis.previousHeight = height;\n\t\t};\n\n\t\tconst debugRedraw = process.env.PI_DEBUG_REDRAW === \"1\";\n\t\tconst logRedraw = (reason: string): void => {\n\t\t\tif (!debugRedraw) return;\n\t\t\tconst logPath = path.join(this.logDirectory, \"pi-debug.log\");\n\t\t\tconst msg = `[${new Date().toISOString()}] fullRender: ${reason} (prev=${this.previousLines.length}, new=${newLines.length}, height=${height})\\n`;\n\t\t\tfs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(logPath), { recursive: true });\n\t\t\tfs.appendFileSync(logPath, msg);\n\t\t};\n\n\t\t// First render - just output everything without clearing (assumes clean screen)\n\t\tif (this.previousLines.length === 0 && !widthChanged && !heightChanged) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(\"first render\");\n\t\t\tfullRender(false);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Width changes always need a full re-render because wrapping changes.\n\t\tif (widthChanged) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(`terminal width changed (${this.previousWidth} -> ${width})`);\n\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Height changes normally need a full re-render to keep the visible viewport aligned,\n\t\t// but Termux changes height when the software keyboard shows or hides.\n\t\t// In that environment, a full redraw causes the entire history to replay on every toggle.\n\t\tif (heightChanged && !isTermuxSession()) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(`terminal height changed (${this.previousHeight} -> ${height})`);\n\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Content shrunk below the working area and no overlays - re-render to clear empty rows\n\t\t// (overlays need the padding, so only do this when no overlays are active)\n\t\t// Configurable via setClearOnShrink() or PI_CLEAR_ON_SHRINK=0 env var\n\t\tif (this.getClearOnShrink() && newLines.length < this.maxLinesRendered && !this.hasOverlayEntries) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(`clearOnShrink (maxLinesRendered=${this.maxLinesRendered})`);\n\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Find first and last changed lines\n\t\tlet firstChanged = -1;\n\t\tlet lastChanged = -1;\n\t\tconst maxLines = Math.max(newLines.length, this.previousLines.length);\n\t\tfor (let i = 0; i < maxLines; i++) {\n\t\t\tconst oldLine = i < this.previousLines.length ? this.previousLines[i] : \"\";\n\t\t\tconst newLine = i < newLines.length ? newLines[i] : \"\";\n\n\t\t\tif (oldLine !== newLine) {\n\t\t\t\tif (firstChanged === -1) {\n\t\t\t\t\tfirstChanged = i;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tlastChanged = i;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t\tconst appendedLines = newLines.length > this.previousLines.length;\n\t\tif (appendedLines) {\n\t\t\tif (firstChanged === -1) {\n\t\t\t\tfirstChanged = this.previousLines.length;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tlastChanged = newLines.length - 1;\n\t\t}\n\t\tif (firstChanged !== -1) {\n\t\t\tconst expandedRange = this.expandChangedRangeForKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged, newLines);\n\t\t\tfirstChanged = expandedRange.firstChanged;\n\t\t\tlastChanged = expandedRange.lastChanged;\n\t\t}\n\t\tconst appendStart = appendedLines && firstChanged === this.previousLines.length && firstChanged > 0;\n\n\t\t// No changes - but still need to update hardware cursor position if it moved\n\t\tif (firstChanged === -1) {\n\t\t\tthis.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);\n\t\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = prevViewportTop;\n\t\t\tthis.previousHeight = height;\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// All changes are in deleted lines (nothing to render, just clear)\n\t\tif (firstChanged >= newLines.length) {\n\t\t\tif (this.previousLines.length > newLines.length) {\n\t\t\t\tconst output = new BoundedTerminalWriter((data) => this.terminal.write(data));\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[?2026h\");\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(this.deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged));\n\t\t\t\t// Move to end of new content (clamp to 0 for empty content)\n\t\t\t\tconst targetRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);\n\t\t\t\tif (targetRow < prevViewportTop) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlogRedraw(`deleted lines moved viewport up (${targetRow} < ${prevViewportTop})`);\n\t\t\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tconst lineDiff = computeLineDiff(targetRow);\n\t\t\t\tif (lineDiff > 0) output.append(`\\x1b[${lineDiff}B`);\n\t\t\t\telse if (lineDiff < 0) output.append(`\\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`);\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\r\");\n\t\t\t\t// Clear extra lines without scrolling\n\t\t\t\tconst extraLines = this.previousLines.length - newLines.length;\n\t\t\t\tif (extraLines > height) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlogRedraw(`extraLines > height (${extraLines} > ${height})`);\n\t\t\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tconst clearStartOffset = newLines.length === 0 ? 0 : 1;\n\t\t\t\tif (extraLines > 0 && clearStartOffset > 0) {\n\t\t\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${clearStartOffset}B`);\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tfor (let i = 0; i < extraLines; i++) {\n\t\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\r\\x1b[2K\");\n\t\t\t\t\tif (i < extraLines - 1) output.append(\"\\x1b[1B\");\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\tconst moveBack = Math.max(0, extraLines - 1 + clearStartOffset);\n\t\t\t\tif (moveBack > 0) {\n\t\t\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${moveBack}A`);\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[?2026l\");\n\t\t\t\toutput.flush();\n\t\t\t\tthis.cursorRow = targetRow;\n\t\t\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = targetRow;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tthis.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);\n\t\t\tthis.previousLines = newLines;\n\t\t\tthis.previousKittyImageIds = this.collectKittyImageIds(newLines);\n\t\t\tthis.previousWidth = width;\n\t\t\tthis.previousHeight = height;\n\t\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = prevViewportTop;\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Differential rendering can only touch what was actually visible.\n\t\t// If the first changed line is above the previous viewport, we need a full redraw.\n\t\tif (firstChanged < prevViewportTop) {\n\t\t\tlogRedraw(`firstChanged < viewportTop (${firstChanged} < ${prevViewportTop})`);\n\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Render from first changed line to end\n\t\t// Keep updates wrapped in synchronized output while writing bounded chunks.\n\t\tconst output = new BoundedTerminalWriter((data) => this.terminal.write(data));\n\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[?2026h\"); // Begin synchronized output\n\t\toutput.append(this.deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged));\n\t\tconst prevViewportBottom = prevViewportTop + height - 1;\n\t\tconst moveTargetRow = appendStart ? firstChanged - 1 : firstChanged;\n\t\tif (moveTargetRow > prevViewportBottom) {\n\t\t\tconst currentScreenRow = Math.max(0, Math.min(height - 1, hardwareCursorRow - prevViewportTop));\n\t\t\tconst moveToBottom = height - 1 - currentScreenRow;\n\t\t\tif (moveToBottom > 0) {\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${moveToBottom}B`);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tconst scroll = moveTargetRow - prevViewportBottom;\n\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\r\\n\".repeat(scroll));\n\t\t\tprevViewportTop += scroll;\n\t\t\tviewportTop += scroll;\n\t\t\thardwareCursorRow = moveTargetRow;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Move cursor to first changed line (use hardwareCursorRow for actual position)\n\t\tconst lineDiff = computeLineDiff(moveTargetRow);\n\t\tif (lineDiff > 0) {\n\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${lineDiff}B`); // Move down\n\t\t} else if (lineDiff < 0) {\n\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`); // Move up\n\t\t}\n\n\t\toutput.append(appendStart ? \"\\r\\n\" : \"\\r\"); // Move to column 0\n\n\t\t// Only render changed lines (firstChanged to lastChanged), not all lines to end\n\t\t// This reduces flicker when only a single line changes (e.g., spinner animation)\n\t\tconst renderEnd = Math.min(lastChanged, newLines.length - 1);\n\t\tfor (let i = firstChanged; i <= renderEnd; i++) {\n\t\t\tif (i > firstChanged) output.append(\"\\r\\n\");\n\t\t\tconst line = newLines[i];\n\t\t\tconst isImage = isImageLine(line);\n\t\t\tconst imageReservedRows = isImage ? this.getKittyImageReservedRows(newLines, i, renderEnd) : 1;\n\t\t\tif (imageReservedRows > 1) {\n\t\t\t\tconst imageStartScreenRow = i - viewportTop;\n\t\t\t\tif (imageStartScreenRow < 0 || imageStartScreenRow + imageReservedRows > height) {\n\t\t\t\t\tlogRedraw(\n\t\t\t\t\t\t`kitty image pre-clear would scroll (${imageStartScreenRow} + ${imageReservedRows} > ${height})`,\n\t\t\t\t\t);\n\t\t\t\t\tfullRender(true);\n\t\t\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[2K\");\n\t\t\t\tfor (let row = 1; row < imageReservedRows; row++) {\n\t\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\r\\n\\x1b[2K\");\n\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}A`);\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(line);\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}B`);\n\t\t\t\ti += imageReservedRows - 1;\n\t\t\t\tcontinue;\n\t\t\t}\n\n\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[2K\"); // Clear current line\n\t\t\tif (!isImage && visibleWidth(line) > width) {\n\t\t\t\t// Log all lines to crash file for debugging\n\t\t\t\tconst crashLogPath = path.join(this.logDirectory, \"pi-crash.log\");\n\t\t\t\tconst crashData = [\n\t\t\t\t\t`Crash at ${new Date().toISOString()}`,\n\t\t\t\t\t`Terminal width: ${width}`,\n\t\t\t\t\t`Line ${i} visible width: ${visibleWidth(line)}`,\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"=== All rendered lines ===\",\n\t\t\t\t\t...newLines.map((l, idx) => `[${idx}] (w=${visibleWidth(l)}) ${l}`),\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t].join(\"\\n\");\n\t\t\t\tfs.mkdirSync(path.dirname(crashLogPath), { recursive: true });\n\t\t\t\tfs.writeFileSync(crashLogPath, crashData);\n\n\t\t\t\t// Clean up terminal state before throwing\n\t\t\t\tthis.stop();\n\n\t\t\t\tconst errorMsg = [\n\t\t\t\t\t`Rendered line ${i} exceeds terminal width (${visibleWidth(line)} > ${width}).`,\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"This is likely caused by a custom TUI component not truncating its output.\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"Use visibleWidth() to measure and truncateToWidth() to truncate lines.\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\t`Debug log written to: ${crashLogPath}`,\n\t\t\t\t].join(\"\\n\");\n\t\t\t\tthrow new Error(errorMsg);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\toutput.append(line);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Track where cursor ended up after rendering\n\t\tlet finalCursorRow = renderEnd;\n\n\t\t// If we had more lines before, clear them and move cursor back\n\t\tif (this.previousLines.length > newLines.length) {\n\t\t\t// Move to end of new content first if we stopped before it\n\t\t\tif (renderEnd < newLines.length - 1) {\n\t\t\t\tconst moveDown = newLines.length - 1 - renderEnd;\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${moveDown}B`);\n\t\t\t\tfinalCursorRow = newLines.length - 1;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\tconst extraLines = this.previousLines.length - newLines.length;\n\t\t\tfor (let i = newLines.length; i < this.previousLines.length; i++) {\n\t\t\t\toutput.append(\"\\r\\n\\x1b[2K\");\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t// Move cursor back to end of new content\n\t\t\toutput.append(`\\x1b[${extraLines}A`);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\toutput.append(\"\\x1b[?2026l\"); // End synchronized output\n\n\t\tif (process.env.PI_TUI_DEBUG === \"1\") {\n\t\t\tconst debugDir = \"/tmp/tui\";\n\t\t\tfs.mkdirSync(debugDir, { recursive: true });\n\t\t\tconst debugPath = path.join(debugDir, `render-${Date.now()}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}.log`);\n\t\t\tconst debugData = [\n\t\t\t\t`firstChanged: ${firstChanged}`,\n\t\t\t\t`viewportTop: ${viewportTop}`,\n\t\t\t\t`cursorRow: ${this.cursorRow}`,\n\t\t\t\t`height: ${height}`,\n\t\t\t\t`lineDiff: ${lineDiff}`,\n\t\t\t\t`hardwareCursorRow: ${hardwareCursorRow}`,\n\t\t\t\t`renderEnd: ${renderEnd}`,\n\t\t\t\t`finalCursorRow: ${finalCursorRow}`,\n\t\t\t\t`cursorPos: ${JSON.stringify(cursorPos)}`,\n\t\t\t\t`newLines.length: ${newLines.length}`,\n\t\t\t\t`previousLines.length: ${this.previousLines.length}`,\n\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\"=== newLines ===\",\n\t\t\t\tJSON.stringify(newLines, null, 2),\n\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\"=== previousLines ===\",\n\t\t\t\tJSON.stringify(this.previousLines, null, 2),\n\t\t\t\t\"\",\n\t\t\t\t\"=== buffer ===\",\n\t\t\t\t`[${output.length} chars written in bounded chunks]`,\n\t\t\t].join(\"\\n\");\n\t\t\tfs.writeFileSync(debugPath, debugData);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\toutput.flush();\n\n\t\t// Track cursor position for next render\n\t\t// cursorRow tracks end of content (for viewport calculation)\n\t\t// hardwareCursorRow tracks actual terminal cursor position (for movement)\n\t\tthis.cursorRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);\n\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = finalCursorRow;\n\t\t// Track terminal's working area (grows but doesn't shrink unless cleared)\n\t\tthis.maxLinesRendered = Math.max(this.maxLinesRendered, newLines.length);\n\t\tthis.previousViewportTop = Math.max(prevViewportTop, finalCursorRow - height + 1);\n\n\t\t// Position hardware cursor for IME\n\t\tthis.positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos, newLines.length);\n\n\t\tthis.previousLines = newLines;\n\t\tthis.previousKittyImageIds = this.collectKittyImageIds(newLines);\n\t\tthis.previousWidth = width;\n\t\tthis.previousHeight = height;\n\t}\n\n\t/**\n\t * Position the hardware cursor for IME candidate window.\n\t * @param cursorPos The cursor position extracted from rendered output, or null\n\t * @param totalLines Total number of rendered lines\n\t */\n\tprivate positionHardwareCursor(cursorPos: { row: number; col: number } | null, totalLines: number): void {\n\t\tif (!cursorPos || totalLines <= 0) {\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.hideCursor();\n\t\t\treturn;\n\t\t}\n\n\t\t// Clamp cursor position to valid range\n\t\tconst targetRow = Math.max(0, Math.min(cursorPos.row, totalLines - 1));\n\t\tconst targetCol = Math.max(0, cursorPos.col);\n\n\t\t// Move cursor from current position to target\n\t\tconst rowDelta = targetRow - this.hardwareCursorRow;\n\t\tlet buffer = \"\";\n\t\tif (rowDelta > 0) {\n\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${rowDelta}B`; // Move down\n\t\t} else if (rowDelta < 0) {\n\t\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${-rowDelta}A`; // Move up\n\t\t}\n\t\t// Move to absolute column (1-indexed)\n\t\tbuffer += `\\x1b[${targetCol + 1}G`;\n\n\t\tif (buffer) {\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.write(buffer);\n\t\t}\n\n\t\tthis.hardwareCursorRow = targetRow;\n\t\tif (this.getShowHardwareCursor()) {\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.showCursor();\n\t\t} else {\n\t\t\tthis.terminal.hideCursor();\n\t\t}\n\t}\n}\n"]}

package/node_modules/@earendil-works/pi-tui/dist/tui-main-screen.js

@@ -4,6 +4,64 @@ import { deleteKittyImage, isImageLine } from "./terminal-image.js";
 import { TuiBase } from "./tui.js";
 import { visibleWidth } from "./utils.js";
 const KITTY_SEQUENCE_PREFIX = "\x1b_G";
+const MAX_RENDER_WRITE_CHARS = 1024 * 1024;
+/**
+ * Streams terminal output in 1 MiB chunks so a full render never forms one string large enough to exceed V8's limit.
+ *
+ * `append()` fills the current chunk and flushes it when full. Oversized input is split at chunk boundaries, preserving
+ * surrogate pairs so each write remains valid UTF-16. Callers append synchronized-output begin/end sequences themselves;
+ * the final `flush()` writes any remainder, including the end sequence.
+ */
+class BoundedTerminalWriter {
+    buffer = "";
+    writtenChars = 0;
+    write;
+    constructor(write) {
+        this.write = write;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Append terminal data, flushing full chunks as needed. Callers must call `flush()` after the final append.
+     * @param value Terminal data to write in order; oversized values are split without splitting surrogate pairs.
+     */
+    append(value) {
+        let offset = 0;
+        while (offset < value.length) {
+            const capacity = MAX_RENDER_WRITE_CHARS - this.buffer.length;
+            if (capacity === 0) {
+                this.flush();
+                continue;
+            }
+            let end = Math.min(value.length, offset + capacity);
+            if (end < value.length &&
+                value.charCodeAt(end - 1) >= 0xd800 &&
+                value.charCodeAt(end - 1) <= 0xdbff &&
+                value.charCodeAt(end) >= 0xdc00 &&
+                value.charCodeAt(end) <= 0xdfff) {
+                end--;
+            }
+            if (end === offset) {
+                this.flush();
+                continue;
+            }
+            this.buffer += value.slice(offset, end);
+            offset = end;
+            if (this.buffer.length === MAX_RENDER_WRITE_CHARS) {
+                this.flush();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /** Write the current chunk, if any, and retain only its character count for debug output. */
+    flush() {
+        if (!this.buffer)
+            return;
+        this.write(this.buffer);
+        this.writtenChars += this.buffer.length;
+        this.buffer = "";
+    }
+    get length() {
+        return this.writtenChars + this.buffer.length;
+    }
+}
 function parseKittyImageHeader(line) {
     const sequenceStart = line.indexOf(KITTY_SEQUENCE_PREFIX);
     if (sequenceStart === -1)
@@ -178,31 +236,32 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
         // Helper to clear scrollback and viewport and render all new lines
         const fullRender = (clear) => {
             this.fullRedrawCount += 1;
-            let buffer = "\x1b[?2026h"; // Begin synchronized output
+            const output = new BoundedTerminalWriter((data) => this.terminal.write(data));
+            output.append("\x1b[?2026h"); // Begin synchronized output
             if (clear) {
-                buffer += this.deleteKittyImages(this.previousKittyImageIds);
-                buffer += "\x1b[2J\x1b[H\x1b[3J"; // Clear screen, home, then clear scrollback
+                output.append(this.deleteKittyImages(this.previousKittyImageIds));
+                output.append("\x1b[2J\x1b[H\x1b[3J"); // Clear screen, home, then clear scrollback
             }
             for (let i = 0; i < newLines.length; i++) {
                 if (i > 0)
-                    buffer += "\r\n";
+                    output.append("\r\n");
                 const line = newLines[i];
                 const isImage = isImageLine(line);
                 const imageReservedRows = isImage ? this.getKittyImageReservedRows(newLines, i) : 1;
                 if (imageReservedRows > 1 && imageReservedRows <= height) {
                     for (let row = 1; row < imageReservedRows; row++) {
-                        buffer += "\r\n";
+                        output.append("\r\n");
                     }
-                    buffer += `\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}A`;
-                    buffer += line;
-                    buffer += `\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}B`;
+                    output.append(`\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}A`);
+                    output.append(line);
+                    output.append(`\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}B`);
                     i += imageReservedRows - 1;
                     continue;
                 }
-                buffer += line;
+                output.append(line);
             }
-            buffer += "\x1b[?2026l"; // End synchronized output
-            this.terminal.write(buffer);
+            output.append("\x1b[?2026l"); // End synchronized output
+            output.flush();
             this.cursorRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);
             this.hardwareCursorRow = this.cursorRow;
             // Reset max lines when clearing, otherwise track growth
@@ -294,8 +353,9 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
         // All changes are in deleted lines (nothing to render, just clear)
         if (firstChanged >= newLines.length) {
             if (this.previousLines.length > newLines.length) {
-                let buffer = "\x1b[?2026h";
-                buffer += this.deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged);
+                const output = new BoundedTerminalWriter((data) => this.terminal.write(data));
+                output.append("\x1b[?2026h");
+                output.append(this.deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged));
                 // Move to end of new content (clamp to 0 for empty content)
                 const targetRow = Math.max(0, newLines.length - 1);
                 if (targetRow < prevViewportTop) {
@@ -305,10 +365,10 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
                 }
                 const lineDiff = computeLineDiff(targetRow);
                 if (lineDiff > 0)
-                    buffer += `\x1b[${lineDiff}B`;
+                    output.append(`\x1b[${lineDiff}B`);
                 else if (lineDiff < 0)
-                    buffer += `\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`;
-                buffer += "\r";
+                    output.append(`\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`);
+                output.append("\r");
                 // Clear extra lines without scrolling
                 const extraLines = this.previousLines.length - newLines.length;
                 if (extraLines > height) {
@@ -318,19 +378,19 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
                 }
                 const clearStartOffset = newLines.length === 0 ? 0 : 1;
                 if (extraLines > 0 && clearStartOffset > 0) {
-                    buffer += `\x1b[${clearStartOffset}B`;
+                    output.append(`\x1b[${clearStartOffset}B`);
                 }
                 for (let i = 0; i < extraLines; i++) {
-                    buffer += "\r\x1b[2K";
+                    output.append("\r\x1b[2K");
                     if (i < extraLines - 1)
-                        buffer += "\x1b[1B";
+                        output.append("\x1b[1B");
                 }
                 const moveBack = Math.max(0, extraLines - 1 + clearStartOffset);
                 if (moveBack > 0) {
-                    buffer += `\x1b[${moveBack}A`;
+                    output.append(`\x1b[${moveBack}A`);
                 }
-                buffer += "\x1b[?2026l";
-                this.terminal.write(buffer);
+                output.append("\x1b[?2026l");
+                output.flush();
                 this.cursorRow = targetRow;
                 this.hardwareCursorRow = targetRow;
             }
@@ -350,19 +410,20 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
             return;
         }
         // Render from first changed line to end
-        // Build buffer with all updates wrapped in synchronized output
-        let buffer = "\x1b[?2026h"; // Begin synchronized output
-        buffer += this.deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged);
+        // Keep updates wrapped in synchronized output while writing bounded chunks.
+        const output = new BoundedTerminalWriter((data) => this.terminal.write(data));
+        output.append("\x1b[?2026h"); // Begin synchronized output
+        output.append(this.deleteChangedKittyImages(firstChanged, lastChanged));
         const prevViewportBottom = prevViewportTop + height - 1;
         const moveTargetRow = appendStart ? firstChanged - 1 : firstChanged;
         if (moveTargetRow > prevViewportBottom) {
             const currentScreenRow = Math.max(0, Math.min(height - 1, hardwareCursorRow - prevViewportTop));
             const moveToBottom = height - 1 - currentScreenRow;
             if (moveToBottom > 0) {
-                buffer += `\x1b[${moveToBottom}B`;
+                output.append(`\x1b[${moveToBottom}B`);
             }
             const scroll = moveTargetRow - prevViewportBottom;
-            buffer += "\r\n".repeat(scroll);
+            output.append("\r\n".repeat(scroll));
             prevViewportTop += scroll;
             viewportTop += scroll;
             hardwareCursorRow = moveTargetRow;
@@ -370,18 +431,18 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
         // Move cursor to first changed line (use hardwareCursorRow for actual position)
         const lineDiff = computeLineDiff(moveTargetRow);
         if (lineDiff > 0) {
-            buffer += `\x1b[${lineDiff}B`; // Move down
+            output.append(`\x1b[${lineDiff}B`); // Move down
         }
         else if (lineDiff < 0) {
-            buffer += `\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`; // Move up
+            output.append(`\x1b[${-lineDiff}A`); // Move up
         }
-        buffer += appendStart ? "\r\n" : "\r"; // Move to column 0
+        output.append(appendStart ? "\r\n" : "\r"); // Move to column 0
         // Only render changed lines (firstChanged to lastChanged), not all lines to end
         // This reduces flicker when only a single line changes (e.g., spinner animation)
         const renderEnd = Math.min(lastChanged, newLines.length - 1);
         for (let i = firstChanged; i <= renderEnd; i++) {
             if (i > firstChanged)
-                buffer += "\r\n";
+                output.append("\r\n");
             const line = newLines[i];
             const isImage = isImageLine(line);
             const imageReservedRows = isImage ? this.getKittyImageReservedRows(newLines, i, renderEnd) : 1;
@@ -392,17 +453,17 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
                     fullRender(true);
                     return;
                 }
-                buffer += "\x1b[2K";
+                output.append("\x1b[2K");
                 for (let row = 1; row < imageReservedRows; row++) {
-                    buffer += "\r\n\x1b[2K";
+                    output.append("\r\n\x1b[2K");
                 }
-                buffer += `\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}A`;
-                buffer += line;
-                buffer += `\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}B`;
+                output.append(`\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}A`);
+                output.append(line);
+                output.append(`\x1b[${imageReservedRows - 1}B`);
                 i += imageReservedRows - 1;
                 continue;
             }
-            buffer += "\x1b[2K"; // Clear current line
+            output.append("\x1b[2K"); // Clear current line
             if (!isImage && visibleWidth(line) > width) {
                 // Log all lines to crash file for debugging
                 const crashLogPath = path.join(this.logDirectory, "pi-crash.log");
@@ -429,7 +490,7 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
                 ].join("\n");
                 throw new Error(errorMsg);
             }
-            buffer += line;
+            output.append(line);
         }
         // Track where cursor ended up after rendering
         let finalCursorRow = renderEnd;
@@ -438,17 +499,17 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
             // Move to end of new content first if we stopped before it
             if (renderEnd < newLines.length - 1) {
                 const moveDown = newLines.length - 1 - renderEnd;
-                buffer += `\x1b[${moveDown}B`;
+                output.append(`\x1b[${moveDown}B`);
                 finalCursorRow = newLines.length - 1;
             }
             const extraLines = this.previousLines.length - newLines.length;
             for (let i = newLines.length; i < this.previousLines.length; i++) {
-                buffer += "\r\n\x1b[2K";
+                output.append("\r\n\x1b[2K");
             }
             // Move cursor back to end of new content
-            buffer += `\x1b[${extraLines}A`;
+            output.append(`\x1b[${extraLines}A`);
         }
-        buffer += "\x1b[?2026l"; // End synchronized output
+        output.append("\x1b[?2026l"); // End synchronized output
         if (process.env.PI_TUI_DEBUG === "1") {
             const debugDir = "/tmp/tui";
             fs.mkdirSync(debugDir, { recursive: true });
@@ -473,12 +534,11 @@ export class TuiMainScreen extends TuiBase {
                 JSON.stringify(this.previousLines, null, 2),
                 "",
                 "=== buffer ===",
-                JSON.stringify(buffer),
+                `[${output.length} chars written in bounded chunks]`,
             ].join("\n");
             fs.writeFileSync(debugPath, debugData);
         }
-        // Write entire buffer at once
-        this.terminal.write(buffer);
+        output.flush();
         // Track cursor position for next render
         // cursorRow tracks end of content (for viewport calculation)
         // hardwareCursorRow tracks actual terminal cursor position (for movement)