@crouton-kit/capture 1.3.8 → 1.3.10

package/src/session/commands.ts

@@ -1,46 +1,56 @@
 import * as fs from 'fs';
 import * as path from 'path';
-import { spawn } from 'child_process';
 import {
   createHarRecording,
   readHarRecording,
   deleteHarRecording,
+  harFilePath,
+  validateHarFile,
+  type HarFile,
+  type HAREntry,
 } from '../har-manager.js';
 import {
   getActiveSession,
   setActiveSession,
-  clearActiveSession,
+  clearActiveSessionIf,
+  updateSessionState,
+  isActiveStateCandidate,
+  type ActiveSessionState,
 } from '../session-context.js';
-import { expandEqualsFlags } from '../cdp/args.js';
+import { type ParsedArgs, type CDPTarget } from '../cdp/types.js';
 import { startBridge, stopBridge } from '../cdp/bridge/spawn.js';
+import { normalizeFailure, failureResult, captureError, worldFailure } from '../errors.js';
+import {
+  startSessionLogTailer,
+  stopSessionLogTailers,
+} from './log-tailer.js';
+import { teardownAnyLiveRecorderAtSessionStop, isTerminalRecStopFailure } from '../cdp/motion/recorder.js';
+import {
+  emitResult,
+  fact,
+  text,
+  line,
+  lineList,
+  data,
+  capped,
+  type FactLine,
+} from '../output/render.js';
 import {
   CAPTURE_ROOT,
-  FILE_MODE,
+  MAX_LOG_LABEL_BYTES,
+  acquirePrivateLock,
   ensurePrivateDir,
+  rejectLogLabel,
   writeJsonPrivate,
+  readPrivateFile,
+  removeArtifactTree,
   type SnapMeta,
   type RecMeta,
 } from './artifacts.js';
+import { beginSessionStop, admitSessionOperation, withSessionLifecycle } from './coordinator.js';
+import { parseStatusFilter, type StatusPredicate } from './har-filter.js';
 
-interface LogPid {
-  pid: number;
-  name: string;
-  sourcePath: string;
-}
-
-interface Session {
-  id: string;
-  dir: string;
-  harId: string | null;
-  startedAt: string;
-  url: string | null;
-  targetId: string | null;
-  stepCount: number;
-  logPids: LogPid[];
-  /** Set when started with --hold: one CDP browser connection held open for the session. */
-  bridgeSocket: string | null;
-  bridgePid: number | null;
-}
+type Session = ActiveSessionState;
 
 interface BundleManifest {
   id: string;
@@ -48,47 +58,147 @@ interface BundleManifest {
   stoppedAt: string;
   duration: number;
   url: string | null;
-  screenshots: Array<{ name: string; path: string }>;
+  shots: Array<{ name: string; path: string }>;
   har: { id: string; path: string; entryCount: number } | null;
-  a11y: Array<{ name: string; path: string }>;
   logs: Array<{ name: string; path: string; lines: number }>;
   other: Array<{ name: string; path: string }>;
   /** `measure snap` artifacts collected from `measure/snaps/{id}/meta.json`. */
   snaps: Array<{ id: string; path: string; url: string | null; viewport: string | null; settled: boolean; capturedAt: string }>;
   /** `motion rec` artifacts collected from `motion/recs/{id}/meta.json`. */
-  recs: Array<{ id: string; path: string; action: string | null; frames: number; durationMs: number; state: string }>;
+  recs: Array<{ id: string; path: string; action: string | null; frames: number; durationMs: number; state: string; viewportRestored: boolean | null }>;
+  /** Retry outcomes for viewport obligations retained by failed recorder starts. */
+  pendingViewportRestorations: Array<{ recId: string; viewportRestored: boolean | null }>;
+}
+
+function isNamedPathEntry(value: unknown): value is { name: string; path: string } {
+  if (!value || typeof value !== 'object' || Array.isArray(value)) return false;
+  const record = value as Record<string, unknown>;
+  return typeof record.name === 'string' && typeof record.path === 'string';
+}
+
+/** The one schema check for a persisted `bundle.json` manifest. A manifest is
+ * committed once and immutable, so any record failing this shape was written
+ * by an incompatible version or corrupted — never something to structurally
+ * trust into the renderer. */
+function isBundleManifest(value: unknown): value is BundleManifest {
+  if (!value || typeof value !== 'object' || Array.isArray(value)) return false;
+  const record = value as Record<string, unknown>;
+  const validHar = record.har === null
+    || (!!record.har && typeof record.har === 'object' && !Array.isArray(record.har)
+      && typeof (record.har as Record<string, unknown>).id === 'string'
+      && typeof (record.har as Record<string, unknown>).path === 'string'
+      && typeof (record.har as Record<string, unknown>).entryCount === 'number');
+  return typeof record.id === 'string'
+    && typeof record.startedAt === 'string'
+    && typeof record.stoppedAt === 'string'
+    && typeof record.duration === 'number'
+    && (record.url === null || typeof record.url === 'string')
+    && Array.isArray(record.shots) && record.shots.every(isNamedPathEntry)
+    && validHar
+    && Array.isArray(record.logs) && record.logs.every(item => isNamedPathEntry(item) && typeof (item as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).lines === 'number')
+    && Array.isArray(record.other) && record.other.every(isNamedPathEntry)
+    && Array.isArray(record.snaps) && record.snaps.every(item => !!item && typeof item === 'object' && typeof (item as Record<string, unknown>).id === 'string' && typeof (item as Record<string, unknown>).path === 'string')
+    && Array.isArray(record.recs) && record.recs.every(item => !!item && typeof item === 'object' && typeof (item as Record<string, unknown>).id === 'string' && typeof (item as Record<string, unknown>).path === 'string')
+    && Array.isArray(record.pendingViewportRestorations);
+}
+
+/** Reads and VALIDATES one immutable `bundle.json`. The read is contained and
+ * no-follow (`readPrivateFile`); ENOENT propagates for callers that treat a
+ * missing bundle as "not stopped yet". Unparsable bytes or a schema failure
+ * throw a typed `invalid_bundle_manifest` artifact error instead of letting a
+ * structurally-trusted cast reach the renderer. */
+function readBundleManifest(bundlePath: string): BundleManifest {
+  const raw = readPrivateFile(bundlePath).toString('utf-8');
+  let parsed: unknown;
+  try {
+    parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+  } catch (cause) {
+    throw captureError('artifact', 'invalid_bundle_manifest', `bundle manifest at ${bundlePath} is not valid JSON; the record is corrupt and cannot be read as a capture bundle.`, cause);
+  }
+  if (!isBundleManifest(parsed)) {
+    throw captureError('artifact', 'invalid_bundle_manifest', `bundle manifest at ${bundlePath} does not match the capture bundle schema; it was written by an incompatible version or corrupted.`);
+  }
+  return parsed;
 }
 
+/** The bundle-manifest section keys `session view --filter` can address. */
+type SectionKey = 'shots' | 'har' | 'logs' | 'snaps' | 'recs' | 'other';
+
+// The `--filter <name>` query names map onto manifest section keys. Most are
+// identical; `measure`/`motion` are the query-facing names for the `snaps`/
+// `recs` keys (matching the `measure`/`motion` command branches rather than
+// the artifact-file naming), so they get an explicit mapping.
+const VIEW_FILTERS: Record<string, SectionKey> = {
+  shots: 'shots',
+  har: 'har',
+  logs: 'logs',
+  measure: 'snaps',
+  motion: 'recs',
+  other: 'other',
+};
+
+/** User-facing label for each manifest section in the unfiltered view. */
+const SECTION_LABELS: Record<SectionKey, string> = {
+  shots: 'shots',
+  har: 'har',
+  logs: 'logs',
+  snaps: 'measure',
+  recs: 'motion',
+  other: 'other',
+};
+
 function sessionDir(id: string): string {
   return path.join(CAPTURE_ROOT, id);
 }
 
+function lifecycleScopeLockPath(): string {
+  return path.join(CAPTURE_ROOT, `.session-lifecycle-${process.env.CRTR_NODE_ID ?? 'default'}`);
+}
+
+async function withLifecycleCoordinator<T>(action: () => Promise<T>): Promise<T> {
+  const handle = await acquirePrivateLock(lifecycleScopeLockPath(), {
+    acquireTimeoutMs: 120_000,
+    leaseMs: 1_000,
+  });
+  try {
+    return await action();
+  } finally {
+    handle.release();
+  }
+}
+
+function isSessionStopped(session: Session): boolean {
+  return Boolean(session.stoppedAt) || fs.existsSync(path.join(session.dir, 'bundle.json'));
+}
+
 /** One-shot artifact session outside an active session — see `createOneshotSession`. */
 export interface OneshotSession {
   /** `oneshot-{id}`; also the dir name under `CAPTURE_ROOT`. */
   id: string;
   /** `{CAPTURE_ROOT}/oneshot-{id}` */
   dir: string;
-  kind: 'measure' | 'motion';
-  /** `{dir}/measure/snaps` or `{dir}/motion/recs`, already created private. */
+  kind: 'measure' | 'motion' | 'page';
+  /** `{dir}/measure/snaps`, `{dir}/motion/recs`, or `{dir}/page`, already created private. */
   artifactsDir: string;
 }
 
 /**
- * Creates the ephemeral artifact dir a URL-target `measure`/`motion` leaf
- * writes into when there is no active session: `oneshot-{id}/measure/snaps`
- * or `oneshot-{id}/motion/recs` under `CAPTURE_ROOT`. Holds only the one
- * subtree the caller needs — no HAR, no held bridge, no `.session.json` —
- * and is never registered as the active session. It is not bundled/torn
- * down by `session stop`; it accumulates under `/tmp` the same as any other
- * session dir until the OS reaps `/tmp`.
+ * Creates the ephemeral artifact dir a URL-target `measure`/`motion`/`page`
+ * leaf writes into when there is no active session: `oneshot-{id}/measure/snaps`,
+ * `oneshot-{id}/motion/recs`, or `oneshot-{id}/page` under `CAPTURE_ROOT`.
+ * Holds only the one subtree the caller needs — no HAR, no held bridge, no
+ * `.session.json` — and is never registered as the active session. It is not
+ * bundled/torn down by `session stop`; it accumulates under `/tmp` the same as
+ * any other session dir until the OS reaps `/tmp`.
  */
-export function createOneshotSession(kind: 'measure' | 'motion'): OneshotSession {
+export function createOneshotSession(kind: 'measure' | 'motion' | 'page'): OneshotSession {
   const id = `oneshot-${Date.now().toString(36)}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 8)}`;
   const dir = sessionDir(id);
   const artifactsDir = kind === 'measure'
     ? path.join(dir, 'measure', 'snaps')
-    : path.join(dir, 'motion', 'recs');
+    : kind === 'motion'
+      ? path.join(dir, 'motion', 'recs')
+      : path.join(dir, 'page');
   ensurePrivateDir(artifactsDir);
   return { id, dir, kind, artifactsDir };
 }
@@ -116,6 +226,7 @@ function readRecMeta(recDir: string, fallbackId: string): BundleManifest['recs']
     frames: meta.frames ?? 0,
     durationMs: meta.durationMs ?? 0,
     state: meta.state ?? 'unknown',
+    viewportRestored: typeof meta.viewportRestored === 'boolean' ? meta.viewportRestored : null,
   };
 }
 
@@ -141,22 +252,40 @@ function sessionMetaPath(id: string): string {
   return path.join(sessionDir(id), '.session.json');
 }
 
+/**
+ * Reads and VALIDATES one persisted `.session.json`. A missing file throws a
+ * typed `unknown_session` precondition error (leaf catch-alls emit it as
+ * `unknown_session`); unparsable bytes or a record failing the shared
+ * `isActiveStateCandidate` schema throw a typed `invalid_session_record`
+ * artifact error instead of letting a structurally-trusted cast reach the
+ * renderer (where a legacy-schema record used to crash `session list`
+ * unbranded via `fact` interpolation of undefined fields).
+ */
 function readSession(id: string): Session {
   const metaPath = sessionMetaPath(id);
-  if (!fs.existsSync(metaPath)) {
-    throw new Error(`No capture session found: ${id}`);
+  let raw: string;
+  try {
+    raw = readPrivateFile(metaPath).toString('utf-8');
+  } catch (error) {
+    if ((error as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === 'ENOENT') throw captureError('precondition', 'unknown_session', `No capture session found: ${id}`);
+    throw error;
+  }
+  let parsed: unknown;
+  try {
+    parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+  } catch (cause) {
+    throw captureError('artifact', 'invalid_session_record', `session metadata at ${metaPath} is not valid JSON; the record is corrupt and cannot be read as a capture session.`, cause);
+  }
+  if (!isActiveStateCandidate(parsed)) {
+    throw captureError('artifact', 'invalid_session_record', `session metadata at ${metaPath} does not match the capture session record schema; it was written by an incompatible version or corrupted.`);
   }
-  return JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(metaPath, 'utf-8')) as Session;
+  return parsed;
 }
 
 function generateId(): string {
   return `cap-${Date.now().toString(36)}-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2, 6)}`;
 }
 
-function hasHelpFlag(args: string[]): boolean {
-  return args.some((arg) => arg === '-h' || arg === '--help');
-}
-
 export async function waitForPageLoad(
   client: { waitReady(): Promise<void>; send(method: string, params?: Record<string, unknown>): Promise<unknown>; on(event: string, handler: (params: unknown) => void): void; },
   timeoutMs: number,
@@ -166,458 +295,1094 @@ export async function waitForPageLoad(
 
   return await new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
     const timer = setTimeout(() => resolve(true), timeoutMs);
-    client.on('Page.loadEventFired', () => {
+    const done = (timedOut: boolean) => {
       clearTimeout(timer);
-      resolve(false);
-    });
+      resolve(timedOut);
+    };
+    client.on('Page.loadEventFired', () => done(false));
+    // A page that finished loading before we attached (about:blank, cached
+    // instant loads) never fires loadEventFired — check readyState directly.
+    client
+      .send('Runtime.evaluate', {
+        expression: 'document.readyState',
+        returnByValue: true,
+      })
+      .then((r) => {
+        const value = (r as { result?: { value?: unknown } } | undefined)?.result?.value;
+        if (value === 'complete') done(false);
+      })
+      .catch(() => {});
   });
 }
 
+/** Root-help representation of this branch, assembled by `src/capture.ts`. */
+export const COMMAND_BLOCK = `<command name="session">
+the artifact container — a session opens a tab, records HAR, and bundles every artifact; while active, every command auto-targets its tab
+use when starting scoped work against a page: start first, then every other capture command needs no --target/--port threading
+  start · stop · list · view · har · log — \`capture session -h\`
+</command>`;
+
+const START_USAGE = `capture session start [--url <url>] [--hold] — open a tab, record HAR, and set the active capture context.
+
+input:
+  --url <url>    Absolute URL to open in a fresh tab. Omit to start a session
+                 with no tab (HAR-only until a later command targets one).
+  --hold         Hold one CDP browser connection open for the session's
+                 lifetime, so browser-level state (permission grants,
+                 ServiceWorker enablement) survives across separate commands.
+  --port <n>     CDP port to attach to; default is auto-detected across localhost.
+
+Output:
+  One <session id=… path=… [url=…]> block: the session id, bundle dir, opened
+  tab, HAR recording id, and held-bridge pid when applicable. --json mirrors
+  the same fields.
+
+effects:
+  Creates a private session dir with shots/, starts a HAR recording, opens the
+  tab (with --url), optionally holds a CDP bridge, and registers the session as
+  the active capture context so subsequent commands auto-target it.`;
+
+const STOP_USAGE = `capture session stop <session-id> — finalize a session and write its bundle manifest.
+
+input:
+  <session-id>   The session to stop (from \`capture session list\`).
+
+Output:
+  One <session-stopped id=… path=…> block: the bundle manifest path plus
+  counts (shots, HAR entries, logs, measure snaps, motion recs, other). --json
+  mirrors the same fields.
+
+effects:
+  Kills log tailers, tears down the held CDP bridge, finalizes any live
+  recorder, collects every artifact into bundle.json, and clears the active
+  capture context.`;
+
+const LIST_USAGE = `capture session list — list active and stopped capture sessions.
+
+input:
+  (none)
+
+output:
+  One <sessions count=…> block, one row per session: id, status
+  (active|stopped), start time, and URL when set. --json mirrors the same rows.
+
+effects:
+  None — reads session metadata only.`;
+
+const VIEW_USAGE = `capture session view <session-id> [--filter <section>] — read back a stopped session's bundle manifest.
+
+input:
+  <session-id>        A stopped session (from \`capture session list\`).
+  --filter <section>  Show only one section: shots, har, logs, measure,
+                      motion, or other. measure -> manifest snaps, motion ->
+                      manifest recs.
+
+Output:
+  One <session id=… path=… [filter=…]> block: the manifest sections (shots,
+  har, logs, measure snaps, motion recs, other), or a single section under
+  --filter. --json mirrors the same fields.
+
+effects:
+  None — reads bundle.json only.`;
+
+const HAR_USAGE = `capture session har [<session-id>] — read a session's recorded HTTP traffic as a selection list.
+
+input:
+  <session-id>              session to read; defaults to the active session. A
+                            running session reads its live accumulating HAR; a
+                            stopped one reads the bundled har.json.
+  --filter-url <pattern>    substring or regex match on the request URL
+  --filter-status <spec>    exact status (100-599), one-digit class prefix
+                            (1-5, e.g. 4 = every 4xx), or ordered range
+                            (e.g. 400-499); any other token is invalid_filter
+  --filter-method <method>  HTTP method (GET, POST, …)
+  --limit <n>               first n matching entries
+  --full                    inline per-entry detail (headers, post data,
+                            response body — escaped and capped); bodies are
+                            never inlined without it
+
+output:
+  One <session-har id=… path=… source=live|bundle entries=… total=…> block,
+  one row per entry: method, status, URL, body size, start time. The path
+  attribute is the HAR file's absolute path — the full-fidelity pointer.
+  --json mirrors the same fields. WebSockets opened while a command was
+  recording appear as entries with _resourceType "websocket" and their frames
+  in _webSocketMessages (capped at 200 frames/socket, 4KB/frame); sockets
+  opened before recording started are not visible.
+
+effects:
+  None — reads recorded HAR data only.`;
+
+const LOG_USAGE = `capture session log <path> [--name <label>] [--session <id>] — tail an external log file into a session's logs/ dir.
+
+input:
+  <path>          log file to follow (must exist). Any filename is accepted — it
+                  is only ever passed to \`tail\` as an argv element, never a shell.
+  --name <label>  destination label; default is the source file's basename. One
+                  bounded path component: no \`/\`, no \`.\`/\`..\`, no NUL, ≤ ${MAX_LOG_LABEL_BYTES} bytes.
+  --session <id>  target session; defaults to the active session
+
+output:
+  One <log-tail session=… path=…> block: tailer name, source path, destination
+  path, and tailer pid. --json mirrors the same fields.
+
+effects:
+  Self-spawns one detached, identity-owned worker (its own process group) that
+  runs \`tail -f\` and appends ISO-8601-timestamped lines to the session's
+  contained logs/<name>.log. \`session stop\` drains it over its nonce-authenticated
+  control socket so its buffered output lands before the bundle is committed;
+  the identity-bearing tailer record is registered in the session metadata.`;
+
 function printSessionHelp(): void {
-  console.log(`capture session — manage capture sessions
-
-Sub-commands:
-  start [--url <url>] [--hold]    Start a session (opens tab, records HAR, sets active context)
-                                   --hold keeps one CDP browser connection open for the session
-  stop  <session-id>              Finalize and bundle artifacts (screenshots, HAR, a11y, logs)
-  list                            List active and stopped sessions
-  view  <id> [--filter section]   View bundle manifest; section = screenshots|har|a11y|logs|measure|motion
-                                   measure -> manifest.snaps, motion -> manifest.recs
-
-Why sessions: once started, every subsequent capture command auto-fills
---target (the tab) and --har (the recording). No manual flag threading.
-
-Typical flow:
-  1. capture session start --url http://localhost:3000
-  2. Interact — no --target / --har needed:
-       capture a11y --interactive
-       capture click "Sign in"
-       capture type "hi@me.com" --into "Email"
-       capture screenshot
-       capture navigate https://app.example.com/dashboard
-       capture har read --filter-url /api
-  3. capture session stop <session-id>
-  4. capture session view <session-id>
-
---hold: keeps one CDP browser connection open for the session's lifetime, so
-browser-level state (Browser.grantPermissions, ServiceWorker.enable, ...)
-survives across separate commands instead of reverting the instant each
-command's own connection closes. Use it together with \`capture cdp --browser\`:
-
-  capture session start --url http://localhost:3000 --hold
-  capture cdp Browser.grantPermissions --browser --params '{"origin":"http://localhost:3000","permissions":["notifications"]}'
-  capture cdp ServiceWorker.enable --browser --target <pageTabId>
-  capture cdp ServiceWorker.deliverPushMessage --browser --target <pageTabId> --params '{...}'
-  capture session stop <session-id>   # also tears down the held connection
-
-Related:  capture log <path> [--name label]   Tail a log into the active session
-See also: capture --help                      Full command list`);
+  console.log(`capture session — the artifact container: opens a tab, records HAR, bundles every artifact.
+
+An active session auto-targets its tab and auto-appends recorded traffic — no
+--target/--har threading. \`stop\` finalizes the session and writes its bundle
+manifest; \`view\` reads that manifest back.
+
+  <subcommand name="start" args="[--url <url>] [--hold]" whenToUse="open a tab, start HAR, and set the active capture context"/>
+  <subcommand name="stop" args="<session-id>" whenToUse="finalize the session and write its bundle manifest"/>
+  <subcommand name="list" args="" whenToUse="show active and stopped sessions"/>
+  <subcommand name="view" args="<session-id> [--filter shots|har|logs|measure|motion|other]" whenToUse="read back a stopped session's bundle manifest"/>
+  <subcommand name="har" args="[<session-id>] [--filter-url <pattern>] [--filter-status <code>] [--filter-method <method>] [--limit <n>] [--full]" whenToUse="inspect recorded traffic — the live accumulating HAR of a running session or a stopped session's bundled har.json"/>
+  <subcommand name="log" args="<path> [--name <label>] [--session <id>]" whenToUse="tail an external log file into the session's logs/ dir"/>
+
+  capture session <leaf> -h    Per-leaf usage`);
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
 // Session Commands
 // ============================================================================
 
-async function start(rawArgs: string[]): Promise<void> {
-  const args = expandEqualsFlags(rawArgs);
-  let url: string | null = null;
-  let hold = false;
+/**
+ * The external effects `session start` acquires, behind one seam so the
+ * transaction's acquisition/rollback ordering is testable with deterministic
+ * fakes instead of a real browser. The default (`productionStartWorld`) wires
+ * these to the real CDP layer.
+ */
+export interface SessionStartWorld {
+  createHar(dir: string): Promise<string>;
+  deleteHar(harId: string): Promise<void>;
+  detectCdpPort(): Promise<number>;
+  openTab(port: number, url: string): Promise<CDPTarget>;
+  closeTarget(port: number, targetId: string): Promise<void>;
+  /** Attach to the freshly-opened tab and wait for load; returns page-load-timed-out. */
+  awaitTabReady(target: CDPTarget, url: string): Promise<boolean>;
+  startBridge(dir: string, port: number): Promise<{ socketPath: string; pid: number }>;
+  stopBridge(pid: number | null, socketPath: string | null): void;
+  publishActiveSession(session: Session): Promise<void>;
+}
 
-  for (let i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
-    if (args[i] === '--url' && args[i + 1]) {
-      url = args[++i];
-    } else if (args[i] === '--hold') {
-      hold = true;
+const productionStartWorld: SessionStartWorld = {
+  async createHar(dir) {
+    return (await createHarRecording(dir)).id;
+  },
+  deleteHar: deleteHarRecording,
+  async detectCdpPort() {
+    const { detectCdpPort } = await import('../cdp.js');
+    return detectCdpPort();
+  },
+  async openTab(port, url) {
+    const { openTab } = await import('../cdp.js');
+    return openTab(port, url);
+  },
+  async closeTarget(port, targetId) {
+    const { closeTarget } = await import('../cdp/targets.js');
+    return closeTarget(port, targetId);
+  },
+  async awaitTabReady(target, url) {
+    if (!target.webSocketDebuggerUrl) {
+      throw worldFailure(`capture session start could not attach to ${url}: missing WebSocket debugger URL. Reuse an existing tab with --target.`);
     }
-  }
+    const { CDPClient } = await import('../cdp.js');
+    const client = new CDPClient(target.webSocketDebuggerUrl);
+    try {
+      try {
+        await client.send('Runtime.enable', {}, 5_000);
+      } catch (err) {
+        throw worldFailure(`capture session start could not attach to ${url}: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : err}. Reuse an existing tab with --target.`, err);
+      }
+      return await waitForPageLoad(client, 10_000);
+    } finally {
+      client.close();
+    }
+  },
+  startBridge,
+  stopBridge,
+  publishActiveSession: setActiveSession,
+};
 
-  const id = generateId();
-  const dir = sessionDir(id);
-  ensurePrivateDir(path.join(dir, 'shots'));
-  ensurePrivateDir(path.join(dir, 'a11y'));
+let startWorld: SessionStartWorld = productionStartWorld;
 
-  // Start HAR recording directly
-  let harId: string | null = null;
-  try {
-    const harResult = createHarRecording();
-    harId = harResult.id;
-  } catch (err) {
-    console.error(`Warning: could not start HAR recording: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : err}`);
-  }
+/** Test seam: swap the effect world session start drives; pass nothing to restore production. */
+export function __setSessionStartWorld(next?: Partial<SessionStartWorld>): void {
+  startWorld = next ? { ...productionStartWorld, ...next } : productionStartWorld;
+}
 
-  // Open tab if URL provided. Fail fast if the new target cannot attach.
-  let targetId: string | null = null;
-  let pageLoadTimedOut = false;
-  let cdpPort: number | null = null;
-  if (url || hold) {
-    const { detectCdpPort } = await import('../cdp.js');
-    cdpPort = await detectCdpPort();
+/**
+ * Exact leaf positional cardinality, enforced at the leaf boundary BEFORE any
+ * filesystem/process/session effect (m7). The CLI validator in
+ * `src/cdp/args.ts` rejects the same shapes at the entrypoint; this wall
+ * covers the direct-call seam so surplus positionals are never silently
+ * ignored. Missing-argument rejection stays with each leaf's existing
+ * `missing_argument` check. Returns true when the invocation was rejected.
+ */
+function rejectSurplusPositionals(parsed: ParsedArgs, leaf: string, max: number, usage: string): boolean {
+  const count = parsed.positional.length;
+  if (count <= max) return false;
+  const expected = max === 0 ? 'exactly 0' : max === 1 ? 'at most 1' : `at most ${max}`;
+  emitResult({
+    tag: 'error',
+    attrs: { command: `session ${leaf}`, code: 'invalid_input' },
+    summary: fact`received: ${count} positional argument(s); expected ${expected} — \`${usage}\`.`,
+  }, { json: parsed.json });
+  process.exitCode = 1;
+  return true;
+}
+
+/** One acquired resource: a label plus its reverse-order release. */
+interface Acquisition {
+  label: string;
+  release(): Promise<void> | void;
+}
+
+async function start(parsed: ParsedArgs): Promise<void> {
+  if (parsed.help) {
+    console.log(START_USAGE);
+    return;
   }
-  if (url) {
+
+  if (rejectSurplusPositionals(parsed, 'start', 0, 'capture session start [--url <url>] [--hold]')) return;
+
+  return withLifecycleCoordinator(async () => {
+    const active = getActiveSession();
+    if (active && !isSessionStopped(active)) {
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session start', code: 'start_failed' },
+        summary: fact`A session is already active for this scope (${active.sessionId}); stop it first with \`session stop ${active.sessionId}\`.`,
+        followUp: text`Only one live session is allowed per capture scope at a time.`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const url = parsed.url ?? null;
+    const hold = parsed.hold === true;
+    const id = generateId();
+    const dir = sessionDir(id);
+
+    // Every effect below is owned the instant it succeeds and released in exact
+    // reverse order if any later step throws. Nothing is committed outside this
+    // one transaction, so a failure leaves the scope byte-identical to before.
+    const acquired: Acquisition[] = [];
+    let harId: string | null = null;
+    let target: CDPTarget | null = null;
+    let pageLoadTimedOut = false;
+    let bridgeSocket: string | null = null;
+    let bridgePid: number | null = null;
+    let cdpPort: number | null = null;
+
     try {
-      const { openTab, CDPClient } = await import('../cdp.js');
-      const tab = await openTab(cdpPort!, url);
-      targetId = tab.id;
-
-      if (!targetId) {
-        throw new Error(
-          `capture session start could not attach to ${url}. Reuse an existing tab with --target.`,
-        );
-      }
-      if (!tab.webSocketDebuggerUrl) {
-        throw new Error(
-          `capture session start could not attach to ${url}: missing WebSocket debugger URL. Reuse an existing tab with --target.`,
-        );
-      }
+      ensurePrivateDir(path.join(dir, 'shots'));
+      acquired.push({ label: 'artifact tree', release: () => removeArtifactTree(dir) });
 
-      const client = new CDPClient(tab.webSocketDebuggerUrl);
-      try {
-        try {
-          await client.send('Runtime.enable', {}, 5_000);
-        } catch (err) {
-          throw new Error(
-            `capture session start could not attach to ${url}: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : err}. Reuse an existing tab with --target.`,
-          );
-        }
-        pageLoadTimedOut = await waitForPageLoad(client, 10_000);
-      } finally {
-        client.close();
+      harId = await startWorld.createHar(dir);
+      const acquiredHarId = harId;
+      acquired.push({ label: 'HAR recording', release: () => startWorld.deleteHar(acquiredHarId) });
+
+      if (url || hold) {
+        cdpPort = parsed.port ?? await startWorld.detectCdpPort();
       }
-    } catch (err) {
-      if (harId) {
-        try {
-          deleteHarRecording(harId);
-        } catch {
-          /* best effort */
-        }
+
+      if (url) {
+        target = await startWorld.openTab(cdpPort!, url);
+        const openedPort = cdpPort!;
+        const openedTargetId = target.id;
+        acquired.push({ label: 'opened target', release: () => startWorld.closeTarget(openedPort, openedTargetId) });
+        pageLoadTimedOut = await startWorld.awaitTabReady(target, url);
       }
-      throw err;
-    }
-  }
 
-  // Hold a CDP browser connection open for the session's lifetime so
-  // browser-level state (permission grants, ServiceWorker enablement)
-  // survives across separate `capture` commands instead of reverting the
-  // instant each command's own connection closes.
-  let bridgeSocket: string | null = null;
-  let bridgePid: number | null = null;
-  if (hold) {
-    try {
-      const bridge = await startBridge(dir, cdpPort!);
-      bridgeSocket = bridge.socketPath;
-      bridgePid = bridge.pid;
-    } catch (err) {
-      if (harId) {
-        try {
-          deleteHarRecording(harId);
-        } catch {
-          /* best effort */
-        }
+      // Hold a CDP browser connection open for the session's lifetime so
+      // browser-level state (permission grants, ServiceWorker enablement)
+      // survives across separate `capture` commands instead of reverting the
+      // instant each command's own connection closes.
+      if (hold) {
+        const bridge = await startWorld.startBridge(dir, cdpPort!);
+        bridgeSocket = bridge.socketPath;
+        bridgePid = bridge.pid;
+        acquired.push({ label: 'held bridge', release: () => startWorld.stopBridge(bridgePid, bridgeSocket) });
       }
-      throw err;
+
+      const session: Session = {
+        sessionId: id,
+        dir,
+        harId,
+        startedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+        stoppedAt: null,
+        stopping: false,
+        url,
+        targetId: target?.id ?? null,
+        port: cdpPort,
+        stepCount: 0,
+        logPids: [],
+        bridgeSocket,
+        bridgePid,
+      };
+      // The active index + `.session.json` are published together (last).
+      // Its rollback is a scope-owned compare-clear: a no-op unless THIS
+      // attempt's publication actually landed.
+      acquired.push({ label: 'active publication', release: () => clearActiveSessionIf(id) });
+      await startWorld.publishActiveSession(session);
+    } catch (primary) {
+      await rollbackStart(acquired, parsed, primary);
+      return;
     }
-  }
 
-  const session: Session = {
-    id,
-    dir,
-    harId,
-    startedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
-    url,
-    targetId,
-    stepCount: 0,
-    logPids: [],
-    bridgeSocket,
-    bridgePid,
-  };
-  writeJsonPrivate(sessionMetaPath(id), session);
-
-  // Set as active session for auto-defaults
-  setActiveSession({
-    sessionId: id,
-    dir,
-    harId,
-    targetId,
-    stepCount: 0,
-    bridgeSocket,
+    const rows: FactLine[] = [fact`bundle dir: ${dir}`];
+    if (target) rows.push(fact`tab ${target.id} opened at ${url ?? ''}`);
+    if (pageLoadTimedOut) rows.push(fact`page load timed out after 10000ms; the session stays attached to target ${target?.id ?? ''}`);
+    if (harId) rows.push(fact`HAR recording ${harId} — traffic auto-appends while the session is active`);
+    if (hold) rows.push(fact`held CDP bridge: pid ${bridgePid ?? 0}`);
+
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'session',
+      attrs: { id, path: dir, ...(url ? { url } : {}) },
+      summary: fact`Session ${id} started; it is now the active capture context.`,
+      sections: [lineList(rows)],
+      followUp: fact`capture session stop ${id}`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
   });
+}
 
-  // Output for agent consumption
-  const result = {
-    sessionId: id,
-    bundleDir: dir,
-    harId,
-    targetId,
-    pageLoadTimedOut,
-    shotsDir: path.join(dir, 'shots'),
-    a11yDir: path.join(dir, 'a11y'),
-    held: hold,
-  };
-  console.log(JSON.stringify(result, null, 2));
-
-  // Agent-friendly next steps on stderr
-  console.error(`\nCapture session started: ${id}`);
-  if (targetId) {
-    console.error(`Tab opened — session context active. No need to pass --target or --har.`);
-    if (pageLoadTimedOut) {
-      console.error(`Page load timed out, but the session is attached to target ${targetId.slice(0, 8)}. Use \`capture exec --target ${targetId.slice(0, 8)}\` or \`capture list\` if you need to recover it.`);
+/**
+ * Releases every acquired resource in exact reverse order, then renders the
+ * primary start failure. Cleanup failures never replace the primary error —
+ * they are aggregated onto it so both survive.
+ */
+async function rollbackStart(acquired: Acquisition[], parsed: ParsedArgs, primary: unknown): Promise<void> {
+  const cleanupFailures: string[] = [];
+  for (let i = acquired.length - 1; i >= 0; i -= 1) {
+    try {
+      await acquired[i].release();
+    } catch (error) {
+      cleanupFailures.push(`${acquired[i].label}: ${normalizeFailure(error).descriptor.message}`);
     }
   }
-  if (hold) {
-    console.error(`CDP bridge held (pid ${bridgePid}) — browser-level state now survives across commands via: capture cdp <Method> --browser [--params '<json>']`);
-  }
-  console.error(`\nWhen done: capture session stop ${id}`);
+
+  const primaryMessage = normalizeFailure(primary).descriptor.message;
+  const summary = cleanupFailures.length === 0
+    ? fact`Session could not start: ${primaryMessage}`
+    : fact`Session could not start: ${primaryMessage} (rollback also failed: ${cleanupFailures.join('; ')})`;
+
+  emitResult({
+    tag: 'error',
+    attrs: { command: 'session start', code: 'start_failed' },
+    summary,
+    followUp: text`Ensure a CDP-enabled browser is running — \`capture tab list\` is the probe.`,
+  }, { json: parsed.json });
+  process.exitCode = 1;
 }
 
-export function logCommand(rawArgs: string[]): void {
-  const args = expandEqualsFlags(rawArgs);
-  if (hasHelpFlag(args)) {
-    console.log('Usage: capture log <path> [--name label] [--session <id>]');
+// ============================================================================
+// session log — shell-free, contained, identity-owned log tailing (C2)
+// ============================================================================
+
+async function logTail(parsed: ParsedArgs): Promise<void> {
+  if (parsed.help) {
+    console.log(LOG_USAGE);
     return;
   }
 
-  const sourcePath = args[0];
+  if (rejectSurplusPositionals(parsed, 'log', 1, 'capture session log <path> [--name <label>] [--session <id>]')) return;
+
+  const sourcePath = parsed.positional[0];
   if (!sourcePath) {
-    console.error('Usage: capture log <path> [--name label] [--session <id>]');
-    process.exit(1);
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session log', code: 'missing_argument' },
+      summary: fact`received: \`session log\`; expected: \`session log <path> [--name <label>] [--session <id>]\`.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
   }
 
-  const resolved = path.resolve(sourcePath);
-  if (!fs.existsSync(resolved)) {
-    throw new Error(`Log file not found: ${resolved}`);
+  const source = path.resolve(sourcePath);
+  const name = parsed.name ?? path.basename(source, path.extname(source));
+  const labelReason = rejectLogLabel(name);
+  if (labelReason) {
+    const labelHint = parsed.name === undefined && labelReason === `exceeds ${MAX_LOG_LABEL_BYTES} bytes`
+      ? ' Pass `--name <short>` to choose a shorter destination label.'
+      : '';
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session log', code: 'invalid_label' },
+      summary: fact`invalid destination label (${labelReason}); expected one bounded filename component.${labelHint}`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
   }
 
-  let name: string | null = null;
-  let sessionId: string | null = null;
-  for (let i = 1; i < args.length; i++) {
-    if (args[i] === '--name' && args[i + 1]) name = args[++i];
-    if (args[i] === '--session' && args[i + 1]) sessionId = args[++i];
+  // Source symlinks are valid caller selections; the path is passed only as one
+  // argv element to `tail` after the worker's `--` option terminator.
+  if (!fs.existsSync(source)) {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session log', code: 'log_file_not_found' },
+      summary: fact`received: ${source}; expected an existing log file to follow.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
   }
 
+  let sessionId = parsed.session ?? null;
   if (!sessionId) {
     const active = getActiveSession();
     if (!active) {
-      throw new Error('No active capture session. Start one or pass --session <id>.');
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session log', code: 'no_active_session' },
+        summary: fact`received: \`session log\` with no --session and no active session; expected an active session or an explicit --session <id>.`,
+        followUp: text`Run \`capture session start\` or pass --session <id> from \`capture session list\`.`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+      return;
     }
     sessionId = active.sessionId;
   }
 
-  const session = readSession(sessionId);
-  name = name ?? path.basename(resolved, path.extname(resolved));
+  let session: Session;
+  try {
+    session = readSession(sessionId);
+  } catch {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session log', code: 'unknown_session' },
+      summary: fact`No capture session found: ${sessionId}.`,
+      followUp: text`Run \`capture session list\` to see known sessions.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
+  }
 
-  const logsDir = path.join(session.dir, 'logs');
-  ensurePrivateDir(logsDir);
+  // Finalized truth is checked before operation admission, directory creation,
+  // descriptor open, process spawn, socket creation, or metadata replacement.
+  if (isSessionStopped(session)) {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session log', code: 'session_stopped' },
+      summary: fact`session ${session.sessionId} is finalized; its bundle is immutable and cannot accept a new log tailer.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
+  }
 
-  const destPath = path.join(logsDir, `${name}.log`);
-  const outFd = fs.openSync(destPath, 'a', FILE_MODE);
-  fs.chmodSync(destPath, FILE_MODE);
+  const operation = await admitSessionOperation(session.dir);
+  try {
+    const result = await withSessionLifecycle(session.dir, async () => startSessionLogTailer({
+      sessionDir: session.dir,
+      sourcePath: source,
+      name,
+      register: async record => {
+        const current = readSession(session.sessionId);
+        await updateSessionState(session.dir, {
+          logPids: [...(current.logPids ?? []), record],
+        });
+      },
+      unregister: async record => {
+        const current = readSession(session.sessionId);
+        await updateSessionState(session.dir, {
+          logPids: (current.logPids ?? []).filter(entry => entry.nonce !== record.nonce || entry.pid !== record.pid),
+        });
+      },
+    }));
+
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'log-tail',
+      attrs: { session: session.sessionId, path: result.destPath },
+      summary: fact`Tailing ${source} into the session logs/ dir.`,
+      sections: [lineList([
+        fact`name: ${name}`,
+        fact`source: ${source}`,
+        fact`dest: ${result.destPath}`,
+        fact`tailer pid: ${result.pid} — drained at \`session stop\``,
+      ])],
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+  } catch (error) {
+    emitResult(failureResult(error), { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+  } finally {
+    await operation.release();
+  }
+}
 
-  const child = spawn(
-    'sh',
-    ['-c', `tail -f "${resolved}" | perl -MPOSIX -ne 'print strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ",gmtime())." ".$_'`],
-    { detached: true, stdio: ['ignore', outFd, 'ignore'] },
-  );
-  child.unref();
-  fs.closeSync(outFd);
+// ============================================================================
+// session har — the session-owned HAR read surface (D4)
+// ============================================================================
 
-  const pid = child.pid!;
-  session.logPids.push({ pid, name, sourcePath: resolved });
-  writeJsonPrivate(sessionMetaPath(session.id), session);
+interface HarSource {
+  har: HarFile;
+  /** Absolute HAR file path — the block's full-fidelity pointer. */
+  path: string;
+  source: 'live' | 'bundle';
+}
 
-  console.log(JSON.stringify({ name, sourcePath: resolved, destPath, pid }, null, 2));
+/**
+ * Locates a session's HAR data: the live accumulating recording while the
+ * session runs, the bundled `har.json` once it is stopped. Returns an
+ * `unavailable` reason instead of a source when the session has no readable
+ * HAR (recording never started, or the file is gone).
+ */
+async function locateSessionHar(session: Session): Promise<HarSource | { unavailable: string }> {
+  const stopped = fs.existsSync(path.join(session.dir, 'bundle.json'));
+  if (stopped) {
+    const harPath = path.join(session.dir, 'har.json');
+    let raw: string;
+    try {
+      raw = readPrivateFile(harPath).toString('utf-8');
+    } catch (error) {
+      if ((error as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === 'ENOENT') {
+        return { unavailable: 'the stopped session bundled no HAR (recording never started or captured nothing)' };
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+    let parsed: unknown;
+    try {
+      parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+    } catch (cause) {
+      throw captureError('artifact', 'invalid_har_file', `bundled HAR at ${harPath} is not valid JSON; the record is corrupt and cannot be read as a HAR file.`, cause);
+    }
+    return { har: validateHarFile(parsed, `bundled HAR ${harPath}`), path: harPath, source: 'bundle' };
+  }
+  if (!session.harId) {
+    return { unavailable: 'the running session has no HAR recording (it could not be started with the session)' };
+  }
+  try {
+    const live = await readHarRecording(session.harId);
+    return { har: live, path: harFilePath(session.harId), source: 'live' };
+  } catch {
+    return { unavailable: `the live HAR recording file is missing: ${harFilePath(session.harId)}` };
+  }
+}
+
+/** One selection-list row: method, status, URL, body size, start time. Body
+ * content is NEVER inlined here (I-7) — `--full` is the only opt-in. */
+function harEntryRow(e: HAREntry): FactLine {
+  const bodyText = e.response.content?.text;
+  const sizePart = typeof bodyText === 'string'
+    ? fact`${Buffer.byteLength(bodyText, 'utf-8')} bytes`
+    : text`body not captured`;
+  return line(
+    fact`${e.request.method} ${e.response.status} `,
+    data(e.request.url, 300),
+    text` — `,
+    sizePart,
+    fact` — started ${e.startedDateTime}`,
+  );
 }
 
-async function stop(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
-  const id = args[0];
+/** `--full` inline detail for one entry: headers, post data, and response
+ * body — every value escaped and capped through data()/fact. */
+function harEntryDetail(e: HAREntry, index: number): FactLine {
+  const rows: FactLine[] = [line(fact`${index + 1}. `, harEntryRow(e))];
+  for (const h of e.request.headers ?? []) {
+    rows.push(fact`   req ${h.name}: ${h.value}`);
+  }
+  if (e.request.postData?.text !== undefined) {
+    rows.push(fact`   post data: ${capped(e.request.postData.text, 2000)}`);
+  }
+  for (const h of e.response.headers ?? []) {
+    rows.push(fact`   res ${h.name}: ${h.value}`);
+  }
+  const bodyText = e.response.content?.text;
+  rows.push(
+    typeof bodyText === 'string'
+      ? fact`   body: ${capped(bodyText, 2000)}`
+      : text`   body: not captured`,
+  );
+  return lineList(rows);
+}
+
+async function har(parsed: ParsedArgs): Promise<void> {
+  if (parsed.help) {
+    console.log(HAR_USAGE);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (rejectSurplusPositionals(parsed, 'har', 1, 'capture session har [<session-id>] [--filter-status <spec>] …')) return;
+
+  // Leaf-local filter grammar parses BEFORE any session/HAR lookup (M9/A4):
+  // an invalid --filter-status wins over an unknown session or a corrupt/
+  // missing artifact, and the active-session index is never consulted for it.
+  let statusMatch: StatusPredicate | null = null;
+  if (parsed.filterStatus !== undefined) {
+    try {
+      statusMatch = parseStatusFilter(parsed.filterStatus);
+    } catch (error) {
+      const { descriptor } = normalizeFailure(error);
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session har', code: descriptor.code },
+        summary: fact`${descriptor.message}`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+
+  let id = parsed.positional[0] ?? null;
   if (!id) {
-    console.error('Usage: capture session stop <session-id>');
-    process.exit(1);
+    const active = getActiveSession();
+    if (!active) {
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session har', code: 'no_active_session' },
+        summary: fact`received: \`session har\` with no <session-id> and no active session; expected an active session or an explicit session id.`,
+        followUp: text`Run \`capture session list\` to find a session id.`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+      return;
+    }
+    id = active.sessionId;
   }
 
-  const session = readSession(id);
-  const stoppedAt = new Date().toISOString();
-  const startMs = new Date(session.startedAt).getTime();
-  const duration = Date.now() - startMs;
+  let session: Session;
+  try {
+    session = readSession(id);
+  } catch {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session har', code: 'unknown_session' },
+      summary: fact`No capture session found: ${id}.`,
+      followUp: text`Run \`capture session list\` to see known sessions.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const located = await locateSessionHar(session);
+  if ('unavailable' in located) {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session har', code: 'har_unavailable' },
+      summary: fact`Session ${id} has no readable HAR: ${located.unavailable}.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
+  }
 
-  // Kill log tailers
-  for (const lp of session.logPids ?? []) {
-    try { process.kill(-lp.pid, 'SIGTERM'); } catch { /* already dead */ }
+  let entries = located.har.log.entries;
+  const total = entries.length;
+  const filters: string[] = [];
+
+  if (parsed.filterUrl) {
+    const pattern = parsed.filterUrl;
+    let re: RegExp | null = null;
+    try { re = new RegExp(pattern, 'i'); } catch { re = null; }
+    entries = entries.filter((e) =>
+      re ? re.test(e.request.url) : e.request.url.toLowerCase().includes(pattern.toLowerCase()),
+    );
+    filters.push(`url~${pattern}`);
   }
-  if (session.logPids?.length) {
-    await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 200));
+  if (statusMatch) {
+    const matches = statusMatch;
+    entries = entries.filter((e) => matches(e.response.status));
+    filters.push(`status=${parsed.filterStatus}`);
   }
+  if (parsed.filterMethod) {
+    const m = parsed.filterMethod.toUpperCase();
+    entries = entries.filter((e) => e.request.method.toUpperCase() === m);
+    filters.push(`method=${m}`);
+  }
+  if (typeof parsed.limit === 'number' && parsed.limit > 0) {
+    entries = entries.slice(0, parsed.limit);
+    filters.push(`limit=${parsed.limit}`);
+  }
+
+  const summary = filters.length > 0
+    ? fact`${entries.length} of ${total} entries match (${filters.join(', ')}).`
+    : fact`${total} entries.`;
+
+  const sections = parsed.full
+    ? entries.map((e, i) => harEntryDetail(e, i))
+    : [lineList(entries.map((e, i) => line(fact`${i + 1}. `, harEntryRow(e))))];
+
+  emitResult({
+    tag: 'session-har',
+    attrs: {
+      id,
+      path: located.path,
+      source: located.source,
+      entries: entries.length,
+      total,
+    },
+    summary,
+    sections,
+  }, { json: parsed.json });
+}
+
+function bundleRows(manifest: BundleManifest): FactLine[] {
+  return [
+    fact`shots: ${manifest.shots.length}`,
+    manifest.har ? fact`har: ${manifest.har.entryCount} entries — ${manifest.har.path}` : fact`har: 0 entries`,
+    fact`logs: ${manifest.logs.length}`,
+    fact`measure snaps: ${manifest.snaps.length}`,
+    fact`motion recs: ${manifest.recs.length}`,
+    fact`other: ${manifest.other.length}`,
+  ];
+}
 
-  // Tear down the held CDP bridge, if any — releases the browser-level
-  // connection (and any grants/target-enablement it was keeping alive).
-  if (session.bridgePid || session.bridgeSocket) {
-    stopBridge(session.bridgePid, session.bridgeSocket);
+function emitStoppedFromManifest(id: string, sessionDir: string, manifest: BundleManifest, parsed: ParsedArgs): void {
+  emitResult({
+    tag: 'session-stopped',
+    attrs: { id, path: path.join(sessionDir, 'bundle.json') },
+    summary: fact`Session ${id} stopped after ${manifest.duration}ms; bundle manifest written.`,
+    sections: [lineList(bundleRows(manifest))],
+    followUp: fact`capture session view ${id}`,
+  }, { json: parsed.json });
+}
+
+async function stop(parsed: ParsedArgs): Promise<void> {
+  if (parsed.help) {
+    console.log(STOP_USAGE);
+    return;
   }
 
-  // Collect screenshots
-  const shotsDir = path.join(session.dir, 'shots');
-  const screenshots = fs.existsSync(shotsDir)
-    ? fs.readdirSync(shotsDir)
-        .filter((f) => f.endsWith('.png') || f.endsWith('.jpg'))
-        .map((f) => ({ name: f, path: path.join(shotsDir, f) }))
-    : [];
+  if (rejectSurplusPositionals(parsed, 'stop', 1, 'capture session stop <session-id>')) return;
 
-  // Collect a11y snapshots
-  const a11yDir = path.join(session.dir, 'a11y');
-  const a11y = fs.existsSync(a11yDir)
-    ? fs.readdirSync(a11yDir)
-        .filter((f) => f.endsWith('.json') || f.endsWith('.txt'))
-        .map((f) => ({ name: f, path: path.join(a11yDir, f) }))
-    : [];
+  const id = parsed.positional[0];
+  if (!id) {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session stop', code: 'missing_argument' },
+      summary: fact`received: \`session stop\`; expected: \`session stop <session-id>\`.`,
+      followUp: text`Run \`capture session list\` to find a session id.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
+  }
 
-  // Collect HAR directly from har-manager
-  let har: BundleManifest['har'] = null;
-  if (session.harId) {
+  return withLifecycleCoordinator(async () => {
+    let session: Session;
     try {
-      const harData = readHarRecording(session.harId);
-      if (harData) {
+      session = readSession(id);
+    } catch {
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session stop', code: 'unknown_session' },
+        summary: fact`No capture session found: ${id}.`,
+        followUp: text`Run \`capture session list\` to see known sessions.`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const stopAdmission = await beginSessionStop(session.dir);
+    let committed = false;
+    try {
+      // A process waiting behind another stop must re-read finalized truth after
+      // winning the per-session stop lock. Existing bundles are immutable.
+      session = readSession(id);
+      const bundlePath = path.join(session.dir, 'bundle.json');
+      try {
+        const manifest = readBundleManifest(bundlePath);
+        // The bundle commit is authoritative even if the committing process
+        // died before post-commit cleanup. Complete those idempotent steps
+        // without ever replacing the immutable manifest.
+        if (session.harId) {
+          try { await deleteHarRecording(session.harId); }
+          catch (error) { if ((error as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code !== 'ENOENT') throw error; }
+        }
+        await updateSessionState(session.dir, { stoppedAt: manifest.stoppedAt, stopping: false });
+        clearActiveSessionIf(id);
+        emitStoppedFromManifest(id, session.dir, manifest, parsed);
+        committed = true;
+        return;
+      } catch (error) {
+        if ((error as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code !== 'ENOENT') throw error;
+        if (session.stoppedAt) throw new Error(`finalized session ${id} is missing its immutable bundle`);
+      }
+
+      session = await updateSessionState(session.dir, { stopping: true });
+      const stoppedAt = new Date().toISOString();
+      const startMs = new Date(session.startedAt ?? stoppedAt).getTime();
+      const duration = Date.now() - startMs;
+
+      // Drain/terminate every registered log tailer identity-first BEFORE the
+      // bundle is committed: a live writer into logs/ would falsify the immutable
+      // bundle. A verified-alive tailer that cannot be drained or terminated
+      // throws here and fails the stop, preserving the failure.
+      await stopSessionLogTailers(session.logPids ?? []);
+      if (session.bridgePid || session.bridgeSocket) stopBridge(session.bridgePid, session.bridgeSocket);
+
+      let recorderTeardown: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof teardownAnyLiveRecorderAtSessionStop>> | null = null;
+      try {
+        recorderTeardown = await teardownAnyLiveRecorderAtSessionStop(session.dir);
+      } catch (error) {
+        // A terminal `rec-stop` failure (the bridge authenticated the request
+        // and explicitly refused — e.g. a fatal HAR drain) must NOT be
+        // swallowed into a warning: it escapes to the outer `stop_failed`
+        // lane below, so no bundle is committed and no live HAR/recorder
+        // handle is deleted while admitted append work may still be lost.
+        // Non-fatal teardown noise (dead handle, liveness-unknown, malformed
+        // handle) keeps the existing warn-and-continue policy.
+        if (isTerminalRecStopFailure(error)) throw error;
+        console.error(`Warning: could not finalize active recording: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : error}`);
+      }
+
+      const shotsDir = path.join(session.dir, 'shots');
+      const shots = fs.existsSync(shotsDir)
+        ? fs.readdirSync(shotsDir).filter(name => name.endsWith('.png') || name.endsWith('.jpg')).map(name => ({ name, path: path.join(shotsDir, name) }))
+        : [];
+
+      let har: BundleManifest['har'] = null;
+      if (session.harId) {
+        const harData = await readHarRecording(session.harId);
         const harPath = path.join(session.dir, 'har.json');
         writeJsonPrivate(harPath, harData);
         har = { id: session.harId, path: harPath, entryCount: harData.log.entries.length };
-        // Clean up the HAR recording
-        try { deleteHarRecording(session.harId); } catch { /* best effort */ }
       }
-    } catch (err) {
-      console.error(`Warning: could not read HAR: ${err instanceof Error ? err.message : err}`);
+
+      const logsDir = path.join(session.dir, 'logs');
+      const logs = fs.existsSync(logsDir)
+        ? fs.readdirSync(logsDir).filter(name => name.endsWith('.log')).map(name => {
+            const filePath = path.join(logsDir, name);
+            const content = fs.readFileSync(filePath, 'utf-8');
+            return { name, path: filePath, lines: content ? content.split('\n').filter(Boolean).length : 0 };
+          })
+        : [];
+      const snaps = collectSnaps(session.dir);
+      const recs = collectRecs(session.dir);
+      const knownDirs = new Set(['shots', 'logs', 'measure', 'motion', '.har', '.stop.lock', '.operations.lock']);
+      const knownFiles = new Set(['.session.json', '.operations.json', 'har.json', 'bundle.json', 'bridge.sock']);
+      const other = fs.readdirSync(session.dir)
+        .filter(name => !knownDirs.has(name) && !knownFiles.has(name))
+        .map(name => ({ name, path: path.join(session.dir, name) }));
+
+      const manifest: BundleManifest = {
+        id: session.sessionId,
+        startedAt: session.startedAt ?? '',
+        stoppedAt,
+        duration,
+        url: session.url ?? null,
+        shots,
+        har,
+        logs,
+        other,
+        snaps,
+        recs,
+        pendingViewportRestorations: recorderTeardown?.pendingViewportRestorations ?? [],
+      };
+
+      // The immutable bundle is the commit point. Live HAR deletion, stopped
+      // metadata, and pointer compare-clear are strictly post-commit.
+      writeJsonPrivate(bundlePath, manifest);
+      if (session.harId) await deleteHarRecording(session.harId);
+      await updateSessionState(session.dir, { stoppedAt, stopping: false });
+      clearActiveSessionIf(id);
+      committed = true;
+
+      const rows = bundleRows(manifest);
+      if (recorderTeardown && 'recId' in recorderTeardown) rows.push(fact`recorder ${recorderTeardown.recId} finalized — state ${recorderTeardown.state}, viewport restored ${String(recorderTeardown.viewportRestored)}`);
+      if (recorderTeardown?.pendingViewportRestorations.length) rows.push(fact`pending viewport restorations: ${recorderTeardown.pendingViewportRestorations.length}`);
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'session-stopped',
+        attrs: { id, path: bundlePath },
+        summary: fact`Session ${id} stopped after ${duration}ms; bundle manifest written.`,
+        sections: [lineList(rows)],
+        followUp: fact`capture session view ${id}`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+    } catch (error) {
+      try { await updateSessionState(session.dir, { stopping: false }); } catch { /* preserve stop failure */ }
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session stop', code: 'stop_failed' },
+        summary: fact`Session ${id} could not be stopped: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+    } finally {
+      await stopAdmission.finish(committed);
     }
+  });
+}
+
+function list(parsed: ParsedArgs): void {
+  if (parsed.help) {
+    console.log(LIST_USAGE);
+    return;
   }
 
-  // Collect log files
-  const logsDir = path.join(session.dir, 'logs');
-  const logs = fs.existsSync(logsDir)
-    ? fs.readdirSync(logsDir)
-        .filter((f) => f.endsWith('.log'))
-        .map((f) => {
-          const filePath = path.join(logsDir, f);
-          const content = fs.readFileSync(filePath, 'utf-8');
-          const lines = content ? content.split('\n').filter(Boolean).length : 0;
-          return { name: f, path: filePath, lines };
+  if (rejectSurplusPositionals(parsed, 'list', 0, 'capture session list')) return;
+
+  const sessions = fs.existsSync(CAPTURE_ROOT)
+    ? fs.readdirSync(CAPTURE_ROOT)
+        .filter((d) => fs.existsSync(sessionMetaPath(d)))
+        .map((d) => {
+          const session = readSession(d);
+          const hasBundled = fs.existsSync(path.join(session.dir, 'bundle.json'));
+          return { id: session.sessionId, startedAt: session.startedAt ?? '', url: session.url ?? null, status: hasBundled ? 'stopped' : 'active' };
         })
     : [];
 
-  // Collect measure snapshots and motion recordings
-  const snaps = collectSnaps(session.dir);
-  const recs = collectRecs(session.dir);
-
-  // Collect anything else dropped in the session dir
-  const knownDirs = new Set(['shots', 'a11y', 'logs', 'measure', 'motion']);
-  const knownFiles = new Set(['.session.json', 'har.json', 'bundle.json', 'bridge.sock']);
-  const other = fs.readdirSync(session.dir)
-    .filter((f) => !knownDirs.has(f) && !knownFiles.has(f))
-    .map((f) => ({ name: f, path: path.join(session.dir, f) }));
-
-  // Clear active session context
-  clearActiveSession();
-
-  const manifest: BundleManifest = {
-    id: session.id,
-    startedAt: session.startedAt,
-    stoppedAt,
-    duration,
-    url: session.url,
-    screenshots,
-    har,
-    a11y,
-    logs,
-    other,
-    snaps,
-    recs,
-  };
-
-  const bundlePath = path.join(session.dir, 'bundle.json');
-  writeJsonPrivate(bundlePath, manifest);
-
-  console.log(JSON.stringify({
-    bundlePath,
-    summary: {
-      duration,
-      screenshots: screenshots.length,
-      harEntries: har?.entryCount ?? 0,
-      a11ySnapshots: a11y.length,
-      logFiles: logs.length,
-      otherFiles: other.length,
-      snaps: snaps.length,
-      recs: recs.length,
-    },
-  }, null, 2));
-
-  console.error(`\nBundle written: ${bundlePath}`);
-  console.error(`Read it: capture session view ${id}`);
-}
-
-function list(): void {
-  if (!fs.existsSync(CAPTURE_ROOT)) {
-    console.log('[]');
+  if (sessions.length === 0) {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'sessions',
+      attrs: { count: 0 },
+      summary: text`No capture sessions.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
     return;
   }
 
-  const sessions = fs.readdirSync(CAPTURE_ROOT)
-    .filter((d) => fs.existsSync(sessionMetaPath(d)))
-    .map((d) => {
-      const session = readSession(d);
-      const hasBundled = fs.existsSync(path.join(session.dir, 'bundle.json'));
-      return { id: session.id, startedAt: session.startedAt, url: session.url, status: hasBundled ? 'stopped' : 'active' };
-    });
+  const rows = sessions.map((s) =>
+    line(
+      fact`${s.id} — ${s.status} — started ${s.startedAt}`,
+      s.url ? fact` — ${s.url}` : text``,
+    ),
+  );
 
-  console.log(JSON.stringify(sessions, null, 2));
+  emitResult({
+    tag: 'sessions',
+    attrs: { count: sessions.length },
+    sections: [lineList(rows)],
+  }, { json: parsed.json });
 }
 
-// `session view --filter <name>` reads a manifest section by the same key
-// name for most sections (screenshots|har|a11y|logs|other), but `measure`
-// and `motion` are the query-facing filter names for the `snaps`/`recs`
-// manifest keys (matching the `measure`/`motion` command branches, not the
-// artifact-file naming), so they need an explicit alias.
-const VIEW_FILTER_ALIASES: Record<string, keyof BundleManifest> = {
-  measure: 'snaps',
-  motion: 'recs',
-};
+/** Renders one manifest section into the per-entry rows the view command prints. */
+function sectionRows(manifest: BundleManifest, key: SectionKey): FactLine[] {
+  switch (key) {
+    case 'shots':
+      return manifest.shots.map((s) => fact`${s.name} — ${s.path}`);
+    case 'har':
+      return manifest.har
+        ? [fact`har.json — ${manifest.har.entryCount} entries — ${manifest.har.path}`]
+        : [];
+    case 'logs':
+      return manifest.logs.map((l) => fact`${l.name} — ${l.lines} lines — ${l.path}`);
+    case 'snaps':
+      return manifest.snaps.map((s) =>
+        fact`${s.id} — url ${s.url ?? '(none)'} — viewport ${s.viewport ?? '(none)'} — settled ${String(s.settled)} — ${s.path}`);
+    case 'recs':
+      return manifest.recs.map((r) =>
+        fact`${r.id} — ${r.action ?? '(none)'} — ${r.frames} frames, ${r.durationMs}ms, ${r.state} — ${r.path}`);
+    case 'other':
+      return manifest.other.map((o) => fact`${o.name} — ${o.path}`);
+  }
+}
 
-function view(rawArgs: string[]): void {
-  const args = expandEqualsFlags(rawArgs);
-  const id = args[0];
-  if (!id) {
-    console.error('Usage: capture session view <session-id> [--filter screenshots|har|a11y|logs|other|measure|motion]');
-    process.exit(1);
+function view(parsed: ParsedArgs): void {
+  if (parsed.help) {
+    console.log(VIEW_USAGE);
+    return;
   }
 
-  const session = readSession(id);
-  const bundlePath = path.join(session.dir, 'bundle.json');
+  if (rejectSurplusPositionals(parsed, 'view', 1, 'capture session view <session-id> [--filter <section>]')) return;
 
-  if (!fs.existsSync(bundlePath)) {
-    console.error(`Session ${id} hasn't been stopped yet. Run: capture session stop ${id}`);
-    process.exit(1);
+  const id = parsed.positional[0];
+  if (!id) {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session view', code: 'missing_argument' },
+      summary: fact`received: \`session view\`; expected: \`session view <session-id>\`.`,
+      followUp: text`Run \`capture session list\` to find a session id.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
   }
 
-  const manifest = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(bundlePath, 'utf-8')) as BundleManifest;
+  let session: Session;
+  try {
+    session = readSession(id);
+  } catch {
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'error',
+      attrs: { command: 'session view', code: 'unknown_session' },
+      summary: fact`No capture session found: ${id}.`,
+      followUp: text`Run \`capture session list\` to see known sessions.`,
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
+    process.exitCode = 1;
+    return;
+  }
 
-  const filter = args.find((_, i) => args[i - 1] === '--filter');
-  if (filter) {
-    const key = VIEW_FILTER_ALIASES[filter] ?? (filter as keyof BundleManifest);
-    const section = manifest[key];
-    console.log(JSON.stringify(section, null, 2));
-  } else {
-    console.log(JSON.stringify(manifest, null, 2));
+  const bundlePath = path.join(session.dir, 'bundle.json');
+  let manifest: BundleManifest;
+  try {
+    manifest = readBundleManifest(bundlePath);
+  } catch (error) {
+    if ((error as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code === 'ENOENT') {
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session view', code: 'session_not_stopped' },
+        summary: fact`Session ${id} has not been stopped; there is no bundle manifest yet.`,
+        followUp: fact`capture session stop ${id}`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+      return;
+    }
+    throw error;
   }
-}
 
-export async function sessionMain(args: string[]): Promise<void> {
-  const [subcommand, ...rest] = args;
+  if (parsed.filter !== undefined) {
+    const key = VIEW_FILTERS[parsed.filter];
+    if (!key) {
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session view', code: 'invalid_filter' },
+        summary: fact`received: --filter ${parsed.filter}; expected one of: shots, har, logs, measure, motion, other.`,
+        followUp: text`Re-run \`capture session view <id> --filter <section>\` with a valid section.`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+      return;
+    }
 
-  if (!subcommand || hasHelpFlag(args)) {
-    printSessionHelp();
+    const rows = sectionRows(manifest, key);
+    emitResult({
+      tag: 'session',
+      attrs: { id, path: bundlePath, filter: parsed.filter },
+      summary: fact`${parsed.filter}: ${rows.length} entries`,
+      sections: [lineList(rows)],
+    }, { json: parsed.json });
     return;
   }
 
-  switch (subcommand) {
+  const keys: SectionKey[] = ['shots', 'har', 'logs', 'snaps', 'recs', 'other'];
+  const sections = keys.map((key) => {
+    const rows = sectionRows(manifest, key);
+    return lineList([
+      fact`${SECTION_LABELS[key]}: ${rows.length}`,
+      ...rows.map((r) => line(text`  `, r)),
+    ]);
+  });
+
+  emitResult({
+    tag: 'session',
+    attrs: { id, path: bundlePath },
+    summary: fact`Session ${id}: started ${manifest.startedAt}, stopped ${manifest.stoppedAt}, ${manifest.duration}ms.`,
+    sections,
+  }, { json: parsed.json });
+}
+
+export async function sessionMain(parsed: ParsedArgs, _args: string[]): Promise<void> {
+  const leaf = parsed.positional[0];
+  const rest: ParsedArgs = { ...parsed, positional: parsed.positional.slice(1) };
+
+  switch (leaf) {
     case 'start': return start(rest);
     case 'stop': return stop(rest);
-    case 'list': return list();
+    case 'list': return list(rest);
     case 'view': return view(rest);
-    default:
+    case 'har': return har(rest);
+    case 'log': return logTail(rest);
+    case undefined:
       printSessionHelp();
+      return;
+    default:
+      emitResult({
+        tag: 'error',
+        attrs: { command: 'session', code: 'unknown_subcommand' },
+        summary: fact`received: \`session ${leaf}\`; expected one of: start, stop, list, view, har, log.`,
+        followUp: text`Run \`capture session -h\` for usage.`,
+      }, { json: parsed.json });
+      process.exitCode = 1;
+      return;
   }
 }