@crossbind/core-app-host 0.0.0-bootstrap.0 → 2.0.0-beta.65

package/android/gradlew

@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+#
+# Copyright © 2015 the original authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+#
+
+##############################################################################
+#
+#   gradlew start up script for POSIX generated by Gradle.
+#
+#   Important for running:
+#
+#   (1) You need a POSIX-compliant shell to run this script. If your /bin/sh is
+#       noncompliant, but you have some other compliant shell such as ksh or
+#       bash, then to run this script, type that shell name before the whole
+#       command line, like:
+#
+#           ksh gradlew
+#
+#       Busybox and similar reduced shells will NOT work, because this script
+#       requires all of these POSIX shell features:
+#         * functions;
+#         * expansions «$var», «${var}», «${var:-default}», «${var+SET}»,
+#           «${var#prefix}», «${var%suffix}», and «$( cmd )»;
+#         * compound commands having a testable exit status, especially «case»;
+#         * various built-in commands including «command», «set», and «ulimit».
+#
+#   Important for patching:
+#
+#   (2) This script targets any POSIX shell, so it avoids extensions provided
+#       by Bash, Ksh, etc; in particular arrays are avoided.
+#
+#       The "traditional" practice of packing multiple parameters into a
+#       space-separated string is a well documented source of bugs and security
+#       problems, so this is (mostly) avoided, by progressively accumulating
+#       options in "$@", and eventually passing that to Java.
+#
+#       Where the inherited environment variables (DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS,
+#       and GRADLE_OPTS) rely on word-splitting, this is performed explicitly;
+#       see the in-line comments for details.
+#
+#       There are tweaks for specific operating systems such as AIX, CygWin,
+#       Darwin, MinGW, and NonStop.
+#
+#   (3) This script is generated from the Groovy template
+#       https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/3d91ce3b8caaf77ad09f381f43615b715b53f72c/platforms/jvm/plugins-application/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
+#       within the Gradle project.
+#
+#       You can find Gradle at https://github.com/gradle/gradle/.
+#
+##############################################################################
+
+# Attempt to set APP_HOME
+
+# Resolve links: $0 may be a link
+app_path=$0
+
+# Need this for daisy-chained symlinks.
+while
+    APP_HOME=${app_path%"${app_path##*/}"}  # leaves a trailing /; empty if no leading path
+    [ -h "$app_path" ]
+do
+    ls=$( ls -ld "$app_path" )
+    link=${ls#*' -> '}
+    case $link in             #(
+      /*)   app_path=$link ;; #(
+      *)    app_path=$APP_HOME$link ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+# This is normally unused
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+APP_BASE_NAME=${0##*/}
+# Discard cd standard output in case $CDPATH is set (https://github.com/gradle/gradle/issues/25036)
+APP_HOME=$( cd -P "${APP_HOME:-./}" > /dev/null && printf '%s\n' "$PWD" ) || exit
+
+# Use the maximum available, or set MAX_FD != -1 to use that value.
+MAX_FD=maximum
+
+warn () {
+    echo "$*"
+} >&2
+
+die () {
+    echo
+    echo "$*"
+    echo
+    exit 1
+} >&2
+
+# OS specific support (must be 'true' or 'false').
+cygwin=false
+msys=false
+darwin=false
+nonstop=false
+case "$( uname )" in                #(
+  CYGWIN* )         cygwin=true  ;; #(
+  Darwin* )         darwin=true  ;; #(
+  MSYS* | MINGW* )  msys=true    ;; #(
+  NONSTOP* )        nonstop=true ;;
+esac
+
+
+
+# Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
+if [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] ; then
+    if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ] ; then
+        # IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
+        JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java
+    else
+        JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/bin/java
+    fi
+    if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] ; then
+        die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: $JAVA_HOME
+
+Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
+location of your Java installation."
+    fi
+else
+    JAVACMD=java
+    if ! command -v java >/dev/null 2>&1
+    then
+        die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
+
+Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
+location of your Java installation."
+    fi
+fi
+
+# Increase the maximum file descriptors if we can.
+if ! "$cygwin" && ! "$darwin" && ! "$nonstop" ; then
+    case $MAX_FD in #(
+      max*)
+        # In POSIX sh, ulimit -H is undefined. That's why the result is checked to see if it worked.
+        # shellcheck disable=SC2039,SC3045
+        MAX_FD=$( ulimit -H -n ) ||
+            warn "Could not query maximum file descriptor limit"
+    esac
+    case $MAX_FD in  #(
+      '' | soft) :;; #(
+      *)
+        # In POSIX sh, ulimit -n is undefined. That's why the result is checked to see if it worked.
+        # shellcheck disable=SC2039,SC3045
+        ulimit -n "$MAX_FD" ||
+            warn "Could not set maximum file descriptor limit to $MAX_FD"
+    esac
+fi
+
+# Collect all arguments for the java command, stacking in reverse order:
+#   * args from the command line
+#   * the main class name
+#   * -classpath
+#   * -D...appname settings
+#   * --module-path (only if needed)
+#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and GRADLE_OPTS environment variables.
+
+# For Cygwin or MSYS, switch paths to Windows format before running java
+if "$cygwin" || "$msys" ; then
+    APP_HOME=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$APP_HOME" )
+
+    JAVACMD=$( cygpath --unix "$JAVACMD" )
+
+    # Now convert the arguments - kludge to limit ourselves to /bin/sh
+    for arg do
+        if
+            case $arg in                                #(
+              -*)   false ;;                            # don't mess with options #(
+              /?*)  t=${arg#/} t=/${t%%/*}              # looks like a POSIX filepath
+                    [ -e "$t" ] ;;                      #(
+              *)    false ;;
+            esac
+        then
+            arg=$( cygpath --path --ignore --mixed "$arg" )
+        fi
+        # Roll the args list around exactly as many times as the number of
+        # args, so each arg winds up back in the position where it started, but
+        # possibly modified.
+        #
+        # NB: a `for` loop captures its iteration list before it begins, so
+        # changing the positional parameters here affects neither the number of
+        # iterations, nor the values presented in `arg`.
+        shift                   # remove old arg
+        set -- "$@" "$arg"      # push replacement arg
+    done
+fi
+
+
+# Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script.
+DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS='"-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"'
+
+# Collect all arguments for the java command:
+#   * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and optsEnvironmentVar are not allowed to contain shell fragments,
+#     and any embedded shellness will be escaped.
+#   * For example: A user cannot expect ${Hostname} to be expanded, as it is an environment variable and will be
+#     treated as '${Hostname}' itself on the command line.
+
+set -- \
+        "-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME" \
+        -jar "$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar" \
+        "$@"
+
+# Stop when "xargs" is not available.
+if ! command -v xargs >/dev/null 2>&1
+then
+    die "xargs is not available"
+fi
+
+# Use "xargs" to parse quoted args.
+#
+# With -n1 it outputs one arg per line, with the quotes and backslashes removed.
+#
+# In Bash we could simply go:
+#
+#   readarray ARGS < <( xargs -n1 <<<"$var" ) &&
+#   set -- "${ARGS[@]}" "$@"
+#
+# but POSIX shell has neither arrays nor command substitution, so instead we
+# post-process each arg (as a line of input to sed) to backslash-escape any
+# character that might be a shell metacharacter, then use eval to reverse
+# that process (while maintaining the separation between arguments), and wrap
+# the whole thing up as a single "set" statement.
+#
+# This will of course break if any of these variables contains a newline or
+# an unmatched quote.
+#
+
+eval "set -- $(
+        printf '%s\n' "$DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS $JAVA_OPTS $GRADLE_OPTS" |
+        xargs -n1 |
+        sed ' s~[^-[:alnum:]+,./:=@_]~\\&~g; ' |
+        tr '\n' ' '
+    )" '"$@"'
+
+exec "$JAVACMD" "$@"

package/android/gradlew.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+@rem
+@rem Copyright 2015 the original author or authors.
+@rem
+@rem Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+@rem you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+@rem You may obtain a copy of the License at
+@rem
+@rem      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+@rem
+@rem Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+@rem distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+@rem WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+@rem See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+@rem limitations under the License.
+@rem
+@rem SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+@rem
+
+@if "%DEBUG%"=="" @echo off
+@rem ##########################################################################
+@rem
+@rem  gradlew startup script for Windows
+@rem
+@rem ##########################################################################
+
+@rem Set local scope for the variables, and ensure extensions are enabled
+setlocal EnableExtensions
+
+@rem Catch executions from older scripts and ensure they exit cleanly.
+@rem This can be removed once we can be reasonably confident that few people
+@rem will be migrating directly to this new wrapper.
+goto afterSafetyNet
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
+goto exitWithErrorLevel
+:afterSafetyNet
+
+set DIRNAME=%~dp0
+if "%DIRNAME%"=="" set DIRNAME=.
+@rem This is normally unused
+set APP_BASE_NAME=%~n0
+set APP_HOME=%DIRNAME%
+
+@rem Resolve any "." and ".." in APP_HOME to make it shorter.
+for %%i in ("%APP_HOME%") do set APP_HOME=%%~fi
+
+@rem Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script.
+set DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS="-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"
+
+@rem Find java.exe
+if defined JAVA_HOME goto findJavaFromJavaHome
+
+set JAVA_EXE=java.exe
+%JAVA_EXE% -version >NUL 2>&1
+if %ERRORLEVEL% equ 0 goto execute
+
+1>&2 echo.
+1>&2 echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
+1>&2 echo.
+1>&2 echo Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
+1>&2 echo location of your Java installation.
+
+"%COMSPEC%" /c exit 1
+goto exitWithErrorLevel
+
+:findJavaFromJavaHome
+set JAVA_HOME=%JAVA_HOME:"=%
+set JAVA_EXE=%JAVA_HOME%/bin/java.exe
+
+if exist "%JAVA_EXE%" goto execute
+
+1>&2 echo.
+1>&2 echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: %JAVA_HOME%
+1>&2 echo.
+1>&2 echo Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
+1>&2 echo location of your Java installation.
+
+"%COMSPEC%" /c exit 1
+goto exitWithErrorLevel
+
+:execute
+@rem Setup the command line
+
+
+
+@rem Execute gradlew
+@rem endlocal doesn't take effect until after the line is parsed and variables are expanded
+@rem which allows us to clear the local environment before executing the java command
+endlocal & "%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -jar "%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar" %* & call :exitWithErrorLevel & goto exitWithErrorLevel
+
+@rem This label must not be changed. We rely on old scripts being able to jump to this point.
+:exitWithErrorLevel
+@rem Use "%COMSPEC%" /c exit to allow operators to work properly in scripts
+"%COMSPEC%" /c exit %ERRORLEVEL%

package/android/settings.gradle

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+pluginManagement {
+    repositories {
+        google()
+        mavenCentral()
+        gradlePluginPortal()
+    }
+}
+dependencyResolutionManagement {
+    repositories {
+        google()
+        mavenCentral()
+    }
+}
+include ':app'

package/cpp/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.28)
+if(APPLE)
+    project(crossbind_app CXX OBJCXX)
+else()
+    project(crossbind_app CXX)
+endif()
+
+# crossbind configures this project for one app host: the window and its webview, Hermes and the embind runtime
+# compile here, the project's own code arrives as prebuilt archives in CROSSBIND_LINK_ARGS. An iOS host is a static
+# library instead, which the app's Xcode project links with those archives, and an Android host a shared library the
+# app's activity loads, beside the JSI its Hermes loads.
+
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)
+
+set(THIRD_PARTY "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../third_party")
+if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "iOS")
+    set(PLATFORM_SOURCES src/ios/main.mm src/ios/bundle.mm src/darwin/channels.mm src/darwin/navigation.mm)
+elseif(APPLE)
+    set(PLATFORM_SOURCES src/darwin/bundle.mm src/darwin/channels.mm src/darwin/navigation.mm)
+elseif(ANDROID)
+    set(PLATFORM_SOURCES src/android/jni.cpp)
+elseif(WIN32)
+    enable_language(RC)
+    set(PLATFORM_SOURCES src/windows/app.cpp src/windows/channels.cpp src/windows/com.cpp src/windows/navigation.cpp src/windows/app.rc)
+else()
+    set(PLATFORM_SOURCES src/linux/app.cpp src/linux/channels.cpp src/linux/navigation.cpp)
+endif()
+if(APPLE)
+    set(CMAKE_OBJCXX_STANDARD 20)
+endif()
+
+set(SOURCES
+    src/app.cpp
+    src/host_core.cpp
+    ${PLATFORM_SOURCES}
+    "${CROSSBIND_JSI_ROOT}/cpp/src/emscripten/bind.cpp"
+    ${CROSSBIND_EXTRA_SOURCES})
+if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "iOS")
+    add_library(app STATIC src/attach.cpp "${THIRD_PARTY}/jsi/jsi.cpp" ${SOURCES})
+elseif(ANDROID)
+    add_library(jsi SHARED "${THIRD_PARTY}/jsi/jsi.cpp")
+    target_include_directories(jsi PUBLIC "${THIRD_PARTY}/jsi/include")
+    add_library(app SHARED ${SOURCES})
+else()
+    add_executable(app src/main.cpp src/attach.cpp "${THIRD_PARTY}/jsi/jsi.cpp" ${SOURCES})
+endif()
+
+set_target_properties(app PROPERTIES OUTPUT_NAME "${CROSSBIND_APP_FILE}")
+# Only a debug host opens the page of a dev server.
+target_compile_definitions(app PRIVATE "$<$<CONFIG:Debug>:CROSSBIND_APP_DEV>")
+
+target_include_directories(app PRIVATE
+    src
+    "${CROSSBIND_HERMES}/include"
+    "${CROSSBIND_JSI_ROOT}/cpp/src"
+    "${THIRD_PARTY}/webview/core/include")
+if(APPLE)
+    set_source_files_properties(${PLATFORM_SOURCES} PROPERTIES COMPILE_OPTIONS -fobjc-arc)
+endif()
+if(CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME STREQUAL "iOS")
+    return()
+endif()
+
+target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE ${CROSSBIND_LINK_ARGS})
+# A force-loaded archive reaches the link as a linker flag, which CMake does not track: without this, a rebuilt bridge
+# archive would leave the previous host in place.
+set_property(TARGET app APPEND PROPERTY LINK_DEPENDS ${CROSSBIND_LINK_DEPENDS})
+
+if(APPLE)
+    # Hermes is a framework the app bundle carries next to the executable. Only what main() and the bindings' static
+    # initializers reach stays, without the local symbols of a release build.
+    target_link_options(app PRIVATE "-F${CROSSBIND_HERMES}/Library/Frameworks/macosx" "LINKER:-rpath,@executable_path/../Frameworks"
+        "LINKER:-dead_strip" "$<$<CONFIG:Release>:LINKER:-x>")
+    target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE "-framework hermesvm" "-framework WebKit" "-framework Cocoa")
+elseif(ANDROID)
+    # Hermes comes with the app from its own package; the C++ runtime the host shares with it is this NDK's, which goes
+    # beside the host, stripped.
+    target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE jsi "${CROSSBIND_HERMES}/libs/android.${ANDROID_ABI}/libhermesvm.so" log)
+    target_link_options(app PRIVATE "LINKER:--gc-sections" "$<$<CONFIG:Release>:LINKER:-s>")
+    target_link_options(jsi PRIVATE "$<$<CONFIG:Release>:LINKER:-s>")
+    add_custom_command(TARGET app POST_BUILD
+        COMMAND "${CMAKE_STRIP}" -o "$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:app>/libc++_shared.so"
+            "${CMAKE_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${CMAKE_LIBRARY_ARCHITECTURE}/libc++_shared.so")
+elseif(WIN32)
+    # A window app, linked whole: the system's UCRT is all it loads beside WebView2, which webview finds itself, so no
+    # loader DLL ships. WebView2's headers come from crossbind's windows image.
+    target_include_directories(app SYSTEM PRIVATE "${CROSSBIND_WEBVIEW2_INCLUDE}")
+    target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE "${CROSSBIND_HERMES}/lib/libhermesvm_a.a"
+        ole32 oleaut32 uuid shell32 shlwapi user32 gdi32 advapi32 version dwmapi winmm)
+    set_target_properties(app PROPERTIES WIN32_EXECUTABLE ON)
+    target_link_options(app PRIVATE -static "LINKER:--gc-sections" "$<$<CONFIG:Release>:LINKER:-s>")
+else()
+    # WebKitGTK comes from the Ubuntu 22.04 packages crossbind downloads: its headers are searched after the C library's,
+    # which the image's glibc 2.28 sysroot keeps, and its libraries are only linked against, as the system's load at run
+    # time.
+    set(GTK_LIB "${CROSSBIND_GTK_SYSROOT}/usr/lib/${CROSSBIND_GTK_MULTIARCH}")
+    foreach(dir webkitgtk-4.1 libsoup-3.0 gtk-3.0 at-spi2-atk/2.0 at-spi-2.0 dbus-1.0 gio-unix-2.0 cairo pango-1.0 harfbuzz
+            fribidi atk-1.0 pixman-1 uuid freetype2 gdk-pixbuf-2.0 libpng16 libmount blkid glib-2.0)
+        target_include_directories(app SYSTEM PRIVATE "${CROSSBIND_GTK_SYSROOT}/usr/include/${dir}")
+    endforeach()
+    target_include_directories(app SYSTEM PRIVATE "${GTK_LIB}/glib-2.0/include" "${GTK_LIB}/dbus-1.0/include")
+    target_compile_options(app PRIVATE "SHELL:-idirafter ${CROSSBIND_GTK_SYSROOT}/usr/include")
+    target_link_directories(app PRIVATE "${GTK_LIB}")
+    target_link_libraries(app PRIVATE "${CROSSBIND_HERMES}/lib/libhermesvm_a.a" "${CROSSBIND_HERMES}/lib/libboost_context.a"
+        -Wl,--as-needed webkit2gtk-4.1 javascriptcoregtk-4.1 soup-3.0 gtk-3 gdk-3 gio-2.0 gobject-2.0 glib-2.0 pthread dl)
+    # The static libc++ stays inside: WebKitGTK loads the system's libstdc++, which must not bind to it.
+    target_link_options(app PRIVATE "LINKER:--allow-shlib-undefined" "LINKER:--exclude-libs,ALL" "LINKER:--gc-sections"
+        "$<$<CONFIG:Release>:LINKER:-s>")
+endif()

package/cpp/src/android/jni.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+// An Android app's native half: the module in Hermes behind JNI. The activity hands in the page's calls, each under an
+// id of its own, and the requests for the page's files; the answers go back through CrossbindActivity's static
+// callbacks, from whichever thread gives them.
+#include <android/log.h>
+#include <jni.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "app.h"
+
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <future>
+#include <thread>
+
+namespace {
+
+namespace app = crossbind::app;
+
+constexpr const char *TAG = "Crossbind";
+
+JavaVM *vm;
+jclass activityClass;
+jmethodID onReply;
+jmethodID onReplyBytes;
+std::string resources;
+app::Core *core;
+
+JNIEnv *attachedEnv() {
+    JNIEnv *env = nullptr;
+    if (vm->GetEnv(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&env), JNI_VERSION_1_6) == JNI_EDETACHED) vm->AttachCurrentThread(&env, nullptr);
+    return env;
+}
+
+// An exception the activity threw is left behind, as the thread goes on making JNI calls.
+void clearException(JNIEnv *env) {
+    if (!env->ExceptionCheck()) return;
+    env->ExceptionDescribe();
+    env->ExceptionClear();
+}
+
+void answer(jint call, bool ok, const std::string &text) {
+    JNIEnv *env = attachedEnv();
+    jbyteArray bytes = env->NewByteArray(static_cast<jsize>(text.size()));
+    env->SetByteArrayRegion(bytes, 0, static_cast<jsize>(text.size()), reinterpret_cast<const jbyte *>(text.data()));
+    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(activityClass, onReply, call, static_cast<jboolean>(ok), bytes);
+    clearException(env);
+    env->DeleteLocalRef(bytes);
+}
+
+// A result's bytes go after four the activity fills with the page's id, so the page gets one ArrayBuffer per answer.
+void answerBytes(jint call, const std::vector<uint8_t> &body) {
+    JNIEnv *env = attachedEnv();
+    jbyteArray framed = env->NewByteArray(static_cast<jsize>(body.size() + 4));
+    env->SetByteArrayRegion(framed, 4, static_cast<jsize>(body.size()), reinterpret_cast<const jbyte *>(body.data()));
+    env->CallStaticVoidMethod(activityClass, onReplyBytes, call, framed);
+    clearException(env);
+    env->DeleteLocalRef(framed);
+}
+
+// Queries are ASCII, which modified UTF-8 leaves alone; page text and paths arrive as UTF-8 bytes instead.
+std::string asciiOf(JNIEnv *env, jstring value) {
+    const char *chars = env->GetStringUTFChars(value, nullptr);
+    std::string text(chars);
+    env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(value, chars);
+    return text;
+}
+
+std::string textOf(JNIEnv *env, jbyteArray value) {
+    std::string text(static_cast<size_t>(env->GetArrayLength(value)), '\0');
+    env->GetByteArrayRegion(value, 0, static_cast<jsize>(text.size()), reinterpret_cast<jbyte *>(text.data()));
+    return text;
+}
+
+// Android drops what a process writes to its standard output and error: the lines go to logcat instead, as an app's
+// output goes to the terminal on the desktop. The WebView's Chromium runs in the process too, and logs its own lines,
+// as "[...:ERROR:file.cc(12)] ...", to logcat as well, so those are left out.
+void forward(int fd, int priority) {
+    int fds[2];
+    if (pipe(fds) != 0) return;
+    dup2(fds[1], fd);
+    std::thread([from = fds[0], priority] {
+        char buffer[1024];
+        std::string line;
+        for (ssize_t n; (n = read(from, buffer, sizeof buffer)) > 0;) {
+            for (ssize_t i = 0; i < n; i += 1) {
+                if (buffer[i] != '\n') {
+                    line += buffer[i];
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if (line.rfind('[', 0) != 0 || line.find(".cc(") == std::string::npos) __android_log_write(priority, TAG, line.c_str());
+                line.clear();
+            }
+        }
+    }).detach();
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+std::string resourceDir() { return resources; }
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM *jvm, void *) {
+    vm = jvm;
+    forward(STDOUT_FILENO, ANDROID_LOG_INFO);
+    forward(STDERR_FILENO, ANDROID_LOG_WARN);
+    // Into a pipe, printf's lines would wait in a full buffer.
+    setvbuf(stdout, nullptr, _IOLBF, 0);
+    return JNI_VERSION_1_6;
+}
+
+// Starts the module once per process; a new activity of the same process gets the module it left, which its first page
+// frees of the old page's objects. Returns the page's token and the dev server's page a debug host opens, or "".
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jobjectArray JNICALL Java_dev_crossbind_app_CrossbindActivity_nativeStart(JNIEnv *env, jclass type,
+    jstring files, jstring url) {
+    if (!core) {
+        activityClass = static_cast<jclass>(env->NewGlobalRef(type));
+        onReply = env->GetStaticMethodID(type, "onReply", "(IZ[B)V");
+        onReplyBytes = env->GetStaticMethodID(type, "onReplyBytes", "(I[B)V");
+        resources = asciiOf(env, files);
+        if (url) setenv("CROSSBIND_APP_URL", asciiOf(env, url).c_str(), 1);
+        core = &app::start(app::devUrl());
+    }
+    const char *devUrl = app::devUrl();
+    jobjectArray started = env->NewObjectArray(2, env->FindClass("java/lang/String"), nullptr);
+    env->SetObjectArrayElement(started, 0, env->NewStringUTF(core->token().c_str()));
+    env->SetObjectArrayElement(started, 1, env->NewStringUTF(devUrl ? devUrl : ""));
+    return started;
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_dev_crossbind_app_CrossbindActivity_nativeMessage(JNIEnv *env, jclass, jint call,
+    jbyteArray text) {
+    core->receive(textOf(env, text), [call](const std::string &reply) { answer(call, true, reply); });
+}
+
+// The byte arrays of one message, answered as a crossbind:// POST to /b/frame is on the other platforms.
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_dev_crossbind_app_CrossbindActivity_nativeFrame(JNIEnv *env, jclass, jint call, jstring query,
+    jbyteArray frame, jint bodyOffset) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> body(static_cast<size_t>(env->GetArrayLength(frame) - bodyOffset));
+    env->GetByteArrayRegion(frame, bodyOffset, static_cast<jsize>(body.size()), reinterpret_cast<jbyte *>(body.data()));
+    core->serve(SchemeRequest{"POST", "/b/frame", asciiOf(env, query), std::move(body)}, [call](SchemeResponse response) {
+        answer(call, response.status == 200, std::string(response.body.begin(), response.body.end()));
+    });
+}
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_dev_crossbind_app_CrossbindActivity_nativeResult(JNIEnv *env, jclass, jint call, jstring query) {
+    core->serve(SchemeRequest{"GET", "/b/result", asciiOf(env, query), {}}, [call](SchemeResponse response) {
+        if (response.status == 200) answerBytes(call, response.body);
+        else answer(call, false, std::string(response.body.begin(), response.body.end()));
+    });
+}
+
+// A file of the page: "<status> <mime>\n" and the body.
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jbyteArray JNICALL Java_dev_crossbind_app_CrossbindActivity_nativeRequest(JNIEnv *env, jclass, jbyteArray path,
+    jstring query) {
+    std::promise<SchemeResponse> answered;
+    core->serve(SchemeRequest{"GET", textOf(env, path), asciiOf(env, query), {}},
+        [&answered](SchemeResponse response) { answered.set_value(std::move(response)); });
+    const SchemeResponse response = answered.get_future().get();
+    const std::string head = std::to_string(response.status) + " " + response.mime + "\n";
+    jbyteArray out = env->NewByteArray(static_cast<jsize>(head.size() + response.body.size()));
+    env->SetByteArrayRegion(out, 0, static_cast<jsize>(head.size()), reinterpret_cast<const jbyte *>(head.data()));
+    env->SetByteArrayRegion(out, static_cast<jsize>(head.size()), static_cast<jsize>(response.body.size()),
+        reinterpret_cast<const jbyte *>(response.body.data()));
+    return out;
+}
+
+// A new page replaced the one that held the module's objects.
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_dev_crossbind_app_CrossbindActivity_nativeNewPage(JNIEnv *, jclass) { core->reset(); }