@cornerstonejs/core 5.0.0-beta.1 → 5.0.0

package/dist/esm/RenderingEngine/GenericViewport/Planar/PlanarCPUVolumeSampler.js

@@ -0,0 +1,686 @@
+import { vec3 } from 'gl-matrix';
+import { EPSILON } from '../../../constants';
+import { InterpolationType, VOILUTFunctionType } from '../../../enums';
+import { resolveCPUFallbackColormap } from '../../helpers/cpuFallback/colors';
+import VoxelManager from '../../../utilities/VoxelManager';
+import getDefaultViewport from '../../helpers/cpuFallback/rendering/getDefaultViewport';
+import getSpacingInNormalDirection from '../../../utilities/getSpacingInNormalDirection';
+import { getPlanarScaleRatio } from './planarCameraScale';
+import PlanarCPUScalarViewportSampler from './PlanarCPUScalarViewportSampler';
+import { getIndexMajorAxis, getNearestVoxelIndex, getSpatiallyClampedContinuousIndex, SOURCE_SLICE_INDEX_TOLERANCE, } from './planarCPUVolumeSamplingUtils';
+const MAX_POOLED_SLICE_ARRAYS_PER_SHAPE = 1;
+function dot(a, b) {
+    return vec3.dot(a, b);
+}
+function clampFiniteSample(value, fallbackMin, fallbackMax, round) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(value)) {
+        return fallbackMin;
+    }
+    let clampedValue = value;
+    if (clampedValue < fallbackMin) {
+        clampedValue = fallbackMin;
+    }
+    else if (clampedValue > fallbackMax) {
+        clampedValue = fallbackMax;
+    }
+    return round ? Math.round(clampedValue) : clampedValue;
+}
+function expandSampleValueRange(sampleRange, value) {
+    if (value < sampleRange.min) {
+        sampleRange.min = value;
+    }
+    if (value > sampleRange.max) {
+        sampleRange.max = value;
+    }
+}
+function subtractPoints(a, b) {
+    return vec3.subtract([0, 0, 0], a, b);
+}
+function arePointsClose(a, b, tolerance = 1e-4) {
+    return vec3.distance(a, b) <= tolerance;
+}
+function indexToWorld(volume, ijk) {
+    const [i, j, k] = ijk;
+    const [sx, sy, sz] = volume.spacing;
+    const row = volume.direction.slice(0, 3);
+    const col = volume.direction.slice(3, 6);
+    const scan = volume.direction.slice(6, 9);
+    const world = vec3.copy([0, 0, 0], volume.origin);
+    vec3.scaleAndAdd(world, world, row, sx * i);
+    vec3.scaleAndAdd(world, world, col, sy * j);
+    vec3.scaleAndAdd(world, world, scan, sz * k);
+    return world;
+}
+function worldVectorToContinuousIndexDelta(volume, worldVector) {
+    const row = volume.direction.slice(0, 3);
+    const col = volume.direction.slice(3, 6);
+    const scan = volume.direction.slice(6, 9);
+    return [
+        dot(worldVector, row) / volume.spacing[0],
+        dot(worldVector, col) / volume.spacing[1],
+        dot(worldVector, scan) / volume.spacing[2],
+    ];
+}
+export default class PlanarCPUVolumeSampler {
+    constructor() {
+        this.sampleSequence = 0;
+        this.scalarViewportSampler = new PlanarCPUScalarViewportSampler();
+        this.scalarRangeCache = new WeakMap();
+        this.sliceArrayPool = new Map();
+    }
+    clearCachedScalarRange(voxelManager) {
+        this.scalarRangeCache.delete(voxelManager);
+        this.scalarViewportSampler.clearCachedVoxelManager(voxelManager);
+    }
+    releaseSampledSliceState(sampledSliceState) {
+        const scalarData = sampledSliceState?.image.getPixelData?.();
+        if (!scalarData ||
+            !ArrayBuffer.isView(scalarData) ||
+            scalarData instanceof DataView) {
+            return;
+        }
+        this.releaseSliceArray(scalarData);
+    }
+    clearSliceArrayPool() {
+        this.sliceArrayPool.clear();
+    }
+    getScalarDataRange(voxelManager) {
+        let scalarData;
+        scalarData =
+            this.scalarViewportSampler.getCompleteScalarDataArray(voxelManager) ??
+                voxelManager.getScalarData();
+        let min = Infinity;
+        let max = -Infinity;
+        for (let index = 0; index < scalarData.length; index++) {
+            const value = Number(scalarData[index]);
+            if (!Number.isFinite(value)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (value < min) {
+                min = value;
+            }
+            if (value > max) {
+                max = value;
+            }
+        }
+        return { min, max };
+    }
+    getCameraBasis(camera) {
+        const normal = vec3.normalize(vec3.create(), camera.viewPlaneNormal);
+        const rawUp = vec3.normalize(vec3.create(), camera.viewUp);
+        let right = vec3.cross(vec3.create(), rawUp, normal);
+        if (vec3.length(right) < EPSILON) {
+            right = vec3.cross(vec3.create(), [0, 1, 0], normal);
+        }
+        right = vec3.normalize(vec3.create(), right);
+        const up = vec3.normalize(vec3.create(), vec3.cross(vec3.create(), normal, right));
+        return { right, up, normal };
+    }
+    getResolvedVOIRange(voiRange, fallbackLower, fallbackUpper) {
+        if (voiRange &&
+            Number.isFinite(voiRange.lower) &&
+            Number.isFinite(voiRange.upper) &&
+            voiRange.upper > voiRange.lower) {
+            return voiRange;
+        }
+        if (fallbackUpper > fallbackLower) {
+            return { lower: fallbackLower, upper: fallbackUpper };
+        }
+        return { lower: fallbackLower, upper: fallbackLower + 1 };
+    }
+    getFallbackStoredRange(volume) {
+        const voxelManager = volume.voxelManager;
+        const [volumeMin, volumeMax] = voxelManager.getRange();
+        let min = Number.isFinite(volumeMin) ? Math.floor(volumeMin) : 0;
+        let max = Number.isFinite(volumeMax) ? Math.ceil(volumeMax) : min + 1;
+        if (max <= min) {
+            const cachedRange = this.scalarRangeCache.get(voxelManager);
+            if (cachedRange) {
+                return cachedRange;
+            }
+            const resolvedRange = this.getScalarDataRange(voxelManager);
+            if (Number.isFinite(resolvedRange.min)) {
+                min = Math.floor(resolvedRange.min);
+            }
+            if (Number.isFinite(resolvedRange.max)) {
+                max = Math.ceil(resolvedRange.max);
+            }
+        }
+        if (max <= min) {
+            max = min + 1;
+        }
+        const resolvedRange = { min, max };
+        this.scalarRangeCache.set(voxelManager, resolvedRange);
+        return resolvedRange;
+    }
+    createOrUpdateEnabledElement(args) {
+        const { enabledElement, canvas, image, modality } = args;
+        if (enabledElement) {
+            enabledElement.canvas = canvas;
+            enabledElement.image = image;
+            enabledElement.options ||= {};
+            enabledElement.options.transparentBackground = true;
+            enabledElement.viewport = getDefaultViewport(canvas, image, modality);
+            return enabledElement;
+        }
+        return {
+            canvas,
+            image,
+            options: {
+                transparentBackground: true,
+            },
+            renderingTools: {},
+            viewport: getDefaultViewport(canvas, image, modality),
+        };
+    }
+    updateCPUFallbackViewport(args) {
+        const { enabledElement, sampledSliceState, camera, dataPresentation, defaultVOIRange, } = args;
+        const rowPixelSpacing = sampledSliceState.image.rowPixelSpacing || 1;
+        const columnPixelSpacing = sampledSliceState.image.columnPixelSpacing || 1;
+        const focalDelta = subtractPoints(camera.focalPoint, sampledSliceState.translationReferenceFocalPoint);
+        const viewport = enabledElement.viewport;
+        const resolvedVOI = this.getResolvedVOIRange(dataPresentation?.voiRange ?? defaultVOIRange, sampledSliceState.image.minPixelValue ?? 0, sampledSliceState.image.maxPixelValue ?? 1);
+        viewport.translation = {
+            x: -dot(focalDelta, sampledSliceState.right) / columnPixelSpacing,
+            y: dot(focalDelta, sampledSliceState.up) / rowPixelSpacing,
+        };
+        viewport.scale = resolveViewportScale({
+            canvas: enabledElement.canvas,
+            camera,
+            columnPixelSpacing,
+            rowPixelSpacing,
+        });
+        viewport.parallelScale = camera.parallelScale;
+        viewport.colormap = resolveCPUFallbackColormap(dataPresentation?.colormap, sampledSliceState.image.colormap, {
+            voiRange: resolvedVOI,
+        });
+        viewport.invert = dataPresentation?.invert ?? false;
+        viewport.pixelReplication =
+            dataPresentation?.interpolationType === InterpolationType.NEAREST;
+        viewport.voi = {
+            windowCenter: (resolvedVOI.lower + resolvedVOI.upper) / 2,
+            windowWidth: Math.max(resolvedVOI.upper - resolvedVOI.lower, 1),
+            voiLUTFunction: VOILUTFunctionType.LINEAR,
+        };
+    }
+    needsResample(args) {
+        return this.getResampleDecision(args) !== 'reuse';
+    }
+    getResampleDecision(args) {
+        const { sampledSliceState, width, height, camera, dataPresentation, deferViewportResample = false, } = args;
+        if (!sampledSliceState) {
+            return 'resample';
+        }
+        const { right, up, normal } = this.getCameraBasis(camera);
+        const focalPoint = camera.focalPoint;
+        const interpolationType = dataPresentation?.interpolationType ?? InterpolationType.LINEAR;
+        const focalDelta = subtractPoints(focalPoint, sampledSliceState.focalPoint);
+        const deltaInNormal = Math.abs(dot(focalDelta, sampledSliceState.normal));
+        const columnPixelSpacing = sampledSliceState.image.columnPixelSpacing || 1;
+        const rowPixelSpacing = sampledSliceState.image.rowPixelSpacing || 1;
+        const shiftXPixels = Math.abs(dot(focalDelta, sampledSliceState.right)) / columnPixelSpacing;
+        const shiftYPixels = Math.abs(dot(focalDelta, sampledSliceState.up)) / rowPixelSpacing;
+        const samplingMode = sampledSliceState.samplingMode ?? 'viewport';
+        const parallelScale = Math.max(camera.parallelScale ?? 1, EPSILON);
+        const scaleRatio = getPlanarScaleRatio(camera.presentationScale);
+        const orientationChanged = !arePointsClose(sampledSliceState.right, right) ||
+            !arePointsClose(sampledSliceState.up, up) ||
+            !arePointsClose(sampledSliceState.normal, normal);
+        const sliceChanged = deltaInNormal > sampledSliceState.spacingInNormalDirection * 0.5;
+        const requiresImmediateResample = sampledSliceState.canvasWidth !== width ||
+            sampledSliceState.canvasHeight !== height ||
+            sampledSliceState.interpolationType !== interpolationType ||
+            orientationChanged ||
+            sliceChanged;
+        if (requiresImmediateResample) {
+            return 'resample';
+        }
+        if (samplingMode === 'source-slice') {
+            return 'reuse';
+        }
+        const viewportSampleNeedsRefresh = Math.abs(sampledSliceState.parallelScale - parallelScale) >
+            parallelScale * 1e-4 ||
+            Math.abs(sampledSliceState.scaleRatio - scaleRatio) > 1e-4 ||
+            shiftXPixels > 1e-3 ||
+            shiftYPixels > 1e-3 ||
+            shiftXPixels > sampledSliceState.image.width * 0.35 ||
+            shiftYPixels > sampledSliceState.image.height * 0.35;
+        if (!viewportSampleNeedsRefresh) {
+            return 'reuse';
+        }
+        return deferViewportResample ? 'defer' : 'resample';
+    }
+    sampleSliceImage(args) {
+        const { volume, width, height, camera, dataPresentation, useViewportSamplingForLinear = true, } = args;
+        const { right, up, normal } = this.getCameraBasis(camera);
+        const numberOfComponents = this.getVolumeNumberOfComponents(volume);
+        const preserveFloatScalarSamples = numberOfComponents === 1 && this.shouldPreserveFloatScalarSamples(volume);
+        const interpolationType = dataPresentation?.interpolationType ?? InterpolationType.LINEAR;
+        const canUseOrthogonalSourceSlice = interpolationType === InterpolationType.NEAREST ||
+            !useViewportSamplingForLinear;
+        const orthogonalSlice = canUseOrthogonalSourceSlice
+            ? this.trySampleOrthogonalSliceFromVoxelManager(volume, camera, right, up, normal, interpolationType)
+            : undefined;
+        const fallbackRange = this.getFallbackStoredRange(volume);
+        const voiRange = this.getResolvedVOIRange(dataPresentation?.voiRange, fallbackRange.min, fallbackRange.max);
+        if (orthogonalSlice) {
+            return {
+                image: this.createSliceImage(volume, orthogonalSlice.scalarData, orthogonalSlice.width, orthogonalSlice.height, orthogonalSlice.columnPixelSpacing, orthogonalSlice.rowPixelSpacing, orthogonalSlice.minPixelValue, orthogonalSlice.maxPixelValue, orthogonalSlice.numberOfComponents, voiRange),
+                samplingMode: 'source-slice',
+                focalPoint: vec3.clone(camera.focalPoint),
+                translationReferenceFocalPoint: vec3.clone(orthogonalSlice.translationReferenceFocalPoint),
+                right: vec3.clone(right),
+                up: vec3.clone(up),
+                normal: vec3.clone(normal),
+                spacingInNormalDirection: Math.max(getSpacingInNormalDirection(volume, normal), EPSILON),
+                canvasWidth: width,
+                canvasHeight: height,
+                parallelScale: Math.max(camera.parallelScale ?? 1, EPSILON),
+                scaleRatio: getPlanarScaleRatio(camera.presentationScale),
+                interpolationType,
+            };
+        }
+        const voxelManager = volume.voxelManager;
+        if (!voxelManager) {
+            throw new Error('[PlanarViewport] CPU volume rendering requires voxels');
+        }
+        const parallelScale = Math.max(camera.parallelScale ?? 1, EPSILON);
+        const worldHeight = parallelScale * 2;
+        const worldWidth = worldHeight *
+            (width / Math.max(height, 1)) *
+            (1 / getPlanarScaleRatio(camera.presentationScale));
+        const xStep = worldWidth / Math.max(width, 1);
+        const yStep = worldHeight / Math.max(height, 1);
+        const xStart = -worldWidth / 2 + xStep / 2;
+        const yStart = worldHeight / 2 - yStep / 2;
+        const centerIndex = VoxelManager.worldToIndexContinuous(volume, camera.focalPoint);
+        const startIndexDelta = worldVectorToContinuousIndexDelta(volume, [
+            right[0] * xStart + up[0] * yStart,
+            right[1] * xStart + up[1] * yStart,
+            right[2] * xStart + up[2] * yStart,
+        ]);
+        const xStepIndexDelta = worldVectorToContinuousIndexDelta(volume, [
+            right[0] * xStep,
+            right[1] * xStep,
+            right[2] * xStep,
+        ]);
+        const yStepIndexDelta = worldVectorToContinuousIndexDelta(volume, [
+            -up[0] * yStep,
+            -up[1] * yStep,
+            -up[2] * yStep,
+        ]);
+        const SliceArrayConstructor = this.getSliceArrayConstructor(volume, fallbackRange.min, fallbackRange.max, numberOfComponents, preserveFloatScalarSamples);
+        const sliceScalarData = this.acquireSliceArray(SliceArrayConstructor, width * height * numberOfComponents);
+        const rowStartIndex = [
+            centerIndex[0] + startIndexDelta[0],
+            centerIndex[1] + startIndexDelta[1],
+            centerIndex[2] + startIndexDelta[2],
+        ];
+        const sampledRange = {
+            min: Infinity,
+            max: -Infinity,
+        };
+        const scalarViewportSample = this.scalarViewportSampler.sampleAxisAligned({
+            volume,
+            voxelManager,
+            pixelData: sliceScalarData,
+            width,
+            height,
+            rowStartIndex,
+            xStepIndexDelta,
+            yStepIndexDelta,
+            right,
+            up,
+            normal,
+            interpolationType,
+            numberOfComponents,
+            fallbackMin: fallbackRange.min,
+            fallbackMax: fallbackRange.max,
+        });
+        if (scalarViewportSample) {
+            sampledRange.min = scalarViewportSample.min;
+            sampledRange.max = scalarViewportSample.max;
+        }
+        else {
+            const sampleIndex = [...rowStartIndex];
+            for (let y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+                sampleIndex[0] = rowStartIndex[0];
+                sampleIndex[1] = rowStartIndex[1];
+                sampleIndex[2] = rowStartIndex[2];
+                for (let x = 0; x < width; x++) {
+                    const sampledValue = this.sampleVoxelAtContinuousIndex(voxelManager, volume.dimensions, sampleIndex, numberOfComponents, interpolationType);
+                    this.writeVoxelValue(sliceScalarData, y * width + x, sampledValue, numberOfComponents, fallbackRange.min, fallbackRange.max, sampledRange);
+                    sampleIndex[0] += xStepIndexDelta[0];
+                    sampleIndex[1] += xStepIndexDelta[1];
+                    sampleIndex[2] += xStepIndexDelta[2];
+                }
+                rowStartIndex[0] += yStepIndexDelta[0];
+                rowStartIndex[1] += yStepIndexDelta[1];
+                rowStartIndex[2] += yStepIndexDelta[2];
+            }
+        }
+        const minPixelValue = Number.isFinite(sampledRange.min)
+            ? preserveFloatScalarSamples
+                ? sampledRange.min
+                : Math.floor(sampledRange.min)
+            : fallbackRange.min;
+        const maxPixelValue = Number.isFinite(sampledRange.max) && sampledRange.max > sampledRange.min
+            ? preserveFloatScalarSamples
+                ? sampledRange.max
+                : Math.ceil(sampledRange.max)
+            : Math.max(minPixelValue + 1, fallbackRange.max);
+        return {
+            image: this.createSliceImage(volume, sliceScalarData, width, height, worldWidth / Math.max(width, 1), worldHeight / Math.max(height, 1), minPixelValue, maxPixelValue, numberOfComponents, voiRange),
+            samplingMode: 'viewport',
+            focalPoint: vec3.clone(camera.focalPoint),
+            translationReferenceFocalPoint: vec3.clone(camera.focalPoint),
+            right: vec3.clone(right),
+            up: vec3.clone(up),
+            normal: vec3.clone(normal),
+            spacingInNormalDirection: Math.max(getSpacingInNormalDirection(volume, normal), EPSILON),
+            canvasWidth: width,
+            canvasHeight: height,
+            parallelScale,
+            scaleRatio: getPlanarScaleRatio(camera.presentationScale),
+            interpolationType,
+        };
+    }
+    trySampleOrthogonalSliceFromVoxelManager(volume, camera, right, up, normal, interpolationType) {
+        const voxelManager = volume.voxelManager;
+        if (!voxelManager) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const normalAxis = getIndexMajorAxis(volume, normal);
+        const rightAxis = getIndexMajorAxis(volume, right);
+        const upAxis = getIndexMajorAxis(volume, up);
+        if (!normalAxis || !rightAxis || !upAxis) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (normalAxis.axis === rightAxis.axis ||
+            normalAxis.axis === upAxis.axis ||
+            rightAxis.axis === upAxis.axis) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const downAxis = upAxis.axis;
+        const downSign = -upAxis.sign;
+        const rightSign = rightAxis.sign;
+        const numberOfComponents = this.getVolumeNumberOfComponents(volume);
+        const continuousIndex = VoxelManager.worldToIndexContinuous(volume, camera.focalPoint);
+        const continuousNormalIndex = continuousIndex[normalAxis.axis];
+        const roundedNormalIndex = Math.round(continuousNormalIndex);
+        const normalUpperBound = volume.dimensions[normalAxis.axis] - 0.5;
+        if (continuousNormalIndex < -0.5 - SOURCE_SLICE_INDEX_TOLERANCE ||
+            continuousNormalIndex > normalUpperBound + SOURCE_SLICE_INDEX_TOLERANCE) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (interpolationType !== InterpolationType.NEAREST &&
+            Math.abs(continuousNormalIndex - roundedNormalIndex) >
+                SOURCE_SLICE_INDEX_TOLERANCE) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const normalIndex = interpolationType === InterpolationType.NEAREST
+            ? Math.min(volume.dimensions[normalAxis.axis] - 1, Math.max(0, getNearestVoxelIndex(continuousNormalIndex)))
+            : roundedNormalIndex;
+        if (normalIndex < 0 || normalIndex >= volume.dimensions[normalAxis.axis]) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const referenceIndex = [
+            (volume.dimensions[0] - 1) / 2,
+            (volume.dimensions[1] - 1) / 2,
+            (volume.dimensions[2] - 1) / 2,
+        ];
+        const preserveFloatScalarSamples = numberOfComponents === 1 && this.shouldPreserveFloatScalarSamples(volume);
+        referenceIndex[normalAxis.axis] = normalIndex;
+        const translationReferenceFocalPoint = indexToWorld(volume, referenceIndex);
+        const outputWidth = volume.dimensions[rightAxis.axis];
+        const outputHeight = volume.dimensions[downAxis];
+        const fallbackRange = this.getFallbackStoredRange(volume);
+        const SliceArrayConstructor = this.getSliceArrayConstructor(volume, fallbackRange.min, fallbackRange.max, numberOfComponents, preserveFloatScalarSamples);
+        const scalarData = this.acquireSliceArray(SliceArrayConstructor, outputWidth * outputHeight * numberOfComponents);
+        const sampleRange = {
+            min: Infinity,
+            max: -Infinity,
+        };
+        const ijk = [0, 0, 0];
+        ijk[normalAxis.axis] = normalIndex;
+        for (let y = 0; y < outputHeight; y++) {
+            ijk[downAxis] = downSign > 0 ? y : outputHeight - 1 - y;
+            for (let x = 0; x < outputWidth; x++) {
+                ijk[rightAxis.axis] = rightSign > 0 ? x : outputWidth - 1 - x;
+                this.writeVoxelValue(scalarData, y * outputWidth + x, voxelManager.getAtIJK(ijk[0], ijk[1], ijk[2]), numberOfComponents, fallbackRange.min, fallbackRange.max, sampleRange);
+            }
+        }
+        if (!Number.isFinite(sampleRange.min)) {
+            sampleRange.min = fallbackRange.min;
+        }
+        if (!Number.isFinite(sampleRange.max) ||
+            sampleRange.max <= sampleRange.min) {
+            sampleRange.max = Math.max(sampleRange.min + 1, fallbackRange.max);
+        }
+        return {
+            scalarData,
+            width: outputWidth,
+            height: outputHeight,
+            columnPixelSpacing: volume.spacing[rightAxis.axis],
+            rowPixelSpacing: volume.spacing[downAxis],
+            minPixelValue: preserveFloatScalarSamples
+                ? sampleRange.min
+                : Math.floor(sampleRange.min),
+            maxPixelValue: preserveFloatScalarSamples
+                ? sampleRange.max
+                : Math.ceil(sampleRange.max),
+            numberOfComponents,
+            translationReferenceFocalPoint,
+        };
+    }
+    sampleVoxelAtContinuousIndex(voxelManager, dimensions, continuousIndex, numberOfComponents, interpolationType) {
+        const clampedIndex = getSpatiallyClampedContinuousIndex(dimensions, continuousIndex);
+        if (!clampedIndex) {
+            return numberOfComponents < 2
+                ? NaN
+                : this.createDefaultColorSample(numberOfComponents);
+        }
+        if (numberOfComponents < 2) {
+            return VoxelManager.sampleAtContinuousIndex(voxelManager, dimensions, clampedIndex, interpolationType);
+        }
+        return interpolationType === InterpolationType.NEAREST
+            ? this.sampleNearestColorAtContinuousIndex(voxelManager, dimensions, clampedIndex, numberOfComponents)
+            : this.sampleLinearColorAtContinuousIndex(voxelManager, dimensions, clampedIndex, numberOfComponents);
+    }
+    sampleNearestColorAtContinuousIndex(voxelManager, dimensions, continuousIndex, numberOfComponents) {
+        const i = Math.floor(continuousIndex[0] + 0.5 - 1e-6);
+        const j = Math.floor(continuousIndex[1] + 0.5 - 1e-6);
+        const k = Math.floor(continuousIndex[2] + 0.5 - 1e-6);
+        if (i < 0 ||
+            i >= dimensions[0] ||
+            j < 0 ||
+            j >= dimensions[1] ||
+            k < 0 ||
+            k >= dimensions[2]) {
+            return this.createDefaultColorSample(numberOfComponents);
+        }
+        return this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i, j, k), numberOfComponents);
+    }
+    sampleLinearColorAtContinuousIndex(voxelManager, dimensions, continuousIndex, numberOfComponents) {
+        const [i, j, k] = continuousIndex;
+        if (i < 0 ||
+            i > dimensions[0] - 1 ||
+            j < 0 ||
+            j > dimensions[1] - 1 ||
+            k < 0 ||
+            k > dimensions[2] - 1) {
+            return this.createDefaultColorSample(numberOfComponents);
+        }
+        const i0 = Math.floor(i);
+        const j0 = Math.floor(j);
+        const k0 = Math.floor(k);
+        const i1 = Math.min(i0 + 1, dimensions[0] - 1);
+        const j1 = Math.min(j0 + 1, dimensions[1] - 1);
+        const k1 = Math.min(k0 + 1, dimensions[2] - 1);
+        const di = i - i0;
+        const dj = j - j0;
+        const dk = k - k0;
+        const oneMinusDi = 1 - di;
+        const oneMinusDj = 1 - dj;
+        const oneMinusDk = 1 - dk;
+        const c000 = this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i0, j0, k0), numberOfComponents);
+        const c100 = this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i1, j0, k0), numberOfComponents);
+        const c010 = this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i0, j1, k0), numberOfComponents);
+        const c110 = this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i1, j1, k0), numberOfComponents);
+        const c001 = this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i0, j0, k1), numberOfComponents);
+        const c101 = this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i1, j0, k1), numberOfComponents);
+        const c011 = this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i0, j1, k1), numberOfComponents);
+        const c111 = this.toColorSample(voxelManager.getAtIJK(i1, j1, k1), numberOfComponents);
+        const sample = this.createDefaultColorSample(numberOfComponents);
+        for (let component = 0; component < numberOfComponents; component++) {
+            const c00 = c000[component] * oneMinusDi + c100[component] * di;
+            const c10 = c010[component] * oneMinusDi + c110[component] * di;
+            const c01 = c001[component] * oneMinusDi + c101[component] * di;
+            const c11 = c011[component] * oneMinusDi + c111[component] * di;
+            const c0 = c00 * oneMinusDj + c10 * dj;
+            const c1 = c01 * oneMinusDj + c11 * dj;
+            sample[component] = c0 * oneMinusDk + c1 * dk;
+        }
+        return sample;
+    }
+    toColorSample(voxelValue, numberOfComponents) {
+        if (Array.isArray(voxelValue)) {
+            return Array.from({ length: numberOfComponents }, (_unused, index) => Number(voxelValue[index] ?? 0));
+        }
+        const scalar = Number(voxelValue) || 0;
+        return Array.from({ length: numberOfComponents }, () => scalar);
+    }
+    createDefaultColorSample(numberOfComponents) {
+        return Array.from({ length: numberOfComponents }, () => 0);
+    }
+    writeVoxelValue(pixelData, pixelIndex, voxelValue, numberOfComponents, fallbackMin, fallbackMax, sampleRange) {
+        if (numberOfComponents < 2) {
+            const scalar = Number(voxelValue);
+            const preserveFloatScalarSamples = pixelData instanceof Float32Array || pixelData instanceof Float64Array;
+            const clampedValue = clampFiniteSample(scalar, fallbackMin, fallbackMax, !preserveFloatScalarSamples);
+            pixelData[pixelIndex] = clampedValue;
+            expandSampleValueRange(sampleRange, clampedValue);
+            return;
+        }
+        const color = this.toColorSample(voxelValue, numberOfComponents);
+        const baseIndex = pixelIndex * numberOfComponents;
+        for (let component = 0; component < numberOfComponents; component++) {
+            const value = Number(color[component]);
+            const clampedValue = clampFiniteSample(value, fallbackMin, fallbackMax, true);
+            pixelData[baseIndex + component] = clampedValue;
+            expandSampleValueRange(sampleRange, clampedValue);
+        }
+    }
+    getVolumeNumberOfComponents(volume) {
+        const imageDataNumberOfComponents = volume.imageData?.get('numberOfComponents');
+        return Math.max(1, imageDataNumberOfComponents?.numberOfComponents ??
+            volume.voxelManager?.numberOfComponents ??
+            1);
+    }
+    getSliceArrayConstructor(volume, minPixelValue, maxPixelValue, numberOfComponents, preserveFloatScalarSamples = false) {
+        if (numberOfComponents > 1) {
+            return volume.voxelManager?.getConstructor() || Uint8Array;
+        }
+        if (preserveFloatScalarSamples) {
+            return Float32Array;
+        }
+        if (minPixelValue >= 0 && maxPixelValue <= 65535) {
+            return Uint16Array;
+        }
+        if (minPixelValue >= -32768 && maxPixelValue <= 32767) {
+            return Int16Array;
+        }
+        return Int32Array;
+    }
+    acquireSliceArray(SliceArrayConstructor, length) {
+        const key = this.getSliceArrayPoolKey(SliceArrayConstructor, length);
+        const bucket = this.sliceArrayPool.get(key);
+        const reusable = bucket?.pop();
+        if (reusable) {
+            return reusable;
+        }
+        return new SliceArrayConstructor(length);
+    }
+    releaseSliceArray(scalarData) {
+        const SliceArrayConstructor = scalarData.constructor;
+        const key = this.getSliceArrayPoolKey(SliceArrayConstructor, scalarData.length);
+        let bucket = this.sliceArrayPool.get(key);
+        if (!bucket) {
+            bucket = [];
+            this.sliceArrayPool.set(key, bucket);
+        }
+        if (bucket.length < MAX_POOLED_SLICE_ARRAYS_PER_SHAPE) {
+            bucket.push(scalarData);
+        }
+    }
+    getSliceArrayPoolKey(SliceArrayConstructor, length) {
+        const constructorName = SliceArrayConstructor.name ||
+            'SliceArray';
+        return `${constructorName}:${length}`;
+    }
+    createSliceImage(volume, scalarData, width, height, columnPixelSpacing, rowPixelSpacing, minPixelValue, maxPixelValue, numberOfComponents, voiRange) {
+        const resolvedVOI = voiRange && voiRange.upper > voiRange.lower
+            ? voiRange
+            : { lower: minPixelValue, upper: maxPixelValue };
+        const windowWidth = Math.max(1, resolvedVOI.upper - resolvedVOI.lower);
+        const windowCenter = (resolvedVOI.lower + resolvedVOI.upper) / 2;
+        const imageId = `cpuVolumeSlice:${volume.volumeId}:${++this.sampleSequence}`;
+        const voxelManager = VoxelManager.createImageVoxelManager({
+            width,
+            height,
+            scalarData,
+            numberOfComponents,
+            id: imageId,
+        });
+        return {
+            imageId,
+            intercept: 0,
+            windowCenter,
+            windowWidth,
+            voiLUTFunction: VOILUTFunctionType.LINEAR,
+            isPreScaled: volume.isPreScaled,
+            scaling: volume.scaling,
+            color: numberOfComponents > 1,
+            numberOfComponents,
+            dataType: scalarData.constructor.name,
+            slope: 1,
+            minPixelValue,
+            maxPixelValue,
+            rows: height,
+            columns: width,
+            getCanvas: undefined,
+            height,
+            width,
+            rgba: numberOfComponents === 4,
+            columnPixelSpacing,
+            rowPixelSpacing,
+            FrameOfReferenceUID: volume.metadata?.FrameOfReferenceUID,
+            invert: false,
+            photometricInterpretation: numberOfComponents > 1 ? 'RGB' : undefined,
+            getPixelData: () => scalarData,
+            voxelManager,
+            sizeInBytes: scalarData.byteLength,
+        };
+    }
+    shouldPreserveFloatScalarSamples(volume) {
+        return volume.metadata?.Modality === 'PT';
+    }
+}
+function resolveViewportScale(args) {
+    const { camera, canvas, columnPixelSpacing, rowPixelSpacing } = args;
+    const worldHeight = Math.max((camera.parallelScale ?? 1) * 2, EPSILON);
+    const worldToCanvasScale = canvas.height / worldHeight;
+    const scaleRatio = getPlanarScaleRatio(camera.presentationScale);
+    if (Math.abs(scaleRatio - 1) > EPSILON) {
+        const safeCanvasHeight = Math.max(canvas.height, 1);
+        const safeCanvasWidth = Math.max(canvas.width, 1);
+        const worldWidth = worldHeight * (safeCanvasWidth / safeCanvasHeight) * (1 / scaleRatio);
+        return [
+            Math.max((safeCanvasWidth * (columnPixelSpacing || 1)) /
+                Math.max(worldWidth, EPSILON), EPSILON),
+            Math.max((safeCanvasHeight * (rowPixelSpacing || 1)) / worldHeight, EPSILON),
+        ];
+    }
+    return Math.max(Math.min(rowPixelSpacing || 1, columnPixelSpacing || 1) *
+        worldToCanvasScale, EPSILON);
+}