@colyseus/schema 3.0.0-alpha.25 → 3.0.0-alpha.26

package/lib/encoder/Encoder.js.map

@@ -1 +1 @@
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type { Schema } from \"../Schema\";\nimport { TypeContext } from \"../annotations\";\nimport { $changes, $encoder, $filter } from \"../types/symbols\";\n\nimport * as encode from \"../encoding/encode\";\nimport type { Iterator } from \"../encoding/decode\";\n\nimport { OPERATION, SWITCH_TO_STRUCTURE, TYPE_ID } from '../encoding/spec';\nimport { Root } from \"./ChangeTree\";\nimport { getNextPowerOf2 } from \"../utils\";\nimport type { StateView } from \"./StateView\";\nimport { Metadata } from \"../Metadata\";\n\nexport class Encoder<T extends Schema = any> {\n    static BUFFER_SIZE = 8 * 1024;// 8KB\n    sharedBuffer = Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow(Encoder.BUFFER_SIZE);\n\n    context: TypeContext;\n    state: T;\n\n    root: Root;\n\n    constructor(root: T) {\n        //\n        // TODO: cache and restore \"Context\" based on root schema\n        // (to avoid creating a new context for every new room)\n        //\n        this.context = new TypeContext(root.constructor as typeof Schema);\n\n        this.setRoot(root);\n\n        // console.log(\">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Encoder types\");\n        // this.context.schemas.forEach((id, schema) => {\n        //     console.log(\"type:\", id, schema.name, Object.keys(schema[Symbol.metadata]));\n        // });\n    }\n\n    protected setRoot(state: T) {\n        this.root = new Root();\n        this.state = state;\n        state[$changes].setRoot(this.root);\n    }\n\n    encode(\n        it: Iterator = { offset: 0 },\n        view?: StateView,\n        buffer = this.sharedBuffer,\n        changeTrees = this.root.changes,\n        isEncodeAll = this.root.allChanges === changeTrees,\n    ): Buffer {\n        const initialOffset = it.offset; // cache current offset in case we need to resize the buffer\n\n        const hasView = (view !== undefined);\n        const rootChangeTree = this.state[$changes];\n\n        const changeTreesIterator = changeTrees.entries();\n\n        for (const [changeTree, changes] of changeTreesIterator) {\n            const ref = changeTree.ref;\n\n            const ctor = ref['constructor'];\n            const encoder = ctor[$encoder];\n            const filter = ctor[$filter];\n\n            // try { throw new Error(); } catch (e) {\n            //     // only print if not coming from Reflection.ts\n            //     if (!e.stack.includes(\"src/Reflection.ts\")) {\n            //         console.log(\"ChangeTree:\", { ref: ref.constructor.name, });\n            //     }\n            // }\n\n            if (hasView) {\n                if (!view.items.has(changeTree)) {\n                    view.invisible.add(changeTree);\n                    continue; // skip this change tree\n\n                } else if (view.invisible.has(changeTree)) {\n                    view.invisible.delete(changeTree); // remove from invisible list\n                }\n            }\n\n            // skip root `refId` if it's the first change tree\n            if (it.offset !== initialOffset || changeTree !== rootChangeTree) {\n                buffer[it.offset++] = SWITCH_TO_STRUCTURE & 255;\n                encode.number(buffer, changeTree.refId, it);\n            }\n\n            const changesIterator = changes.entries();\n\n            for (const [fieldIndex, operation] of changesIterator) {\n                //\n                // first pass (encodeAll), identify \"filtered\" operations without encoding them\n                // they will be encoded per client, based on their view.\n                //\n                // TODO: how can we optimize filtering out \"encode all\" operations?\n                // TODO: avoid checking if no view tags were defined\n                //\n                if (filter && !filter(ref, fieldIndex, view)) {\n                    // console.log(\"SKIP FIELD:\", { ref: changeTree.ref.constructor.name, fieldIndex, })\n\n                    // console.log(\"ADD AS INVISIBLE:\", fieldIndex, changeTree.ref.constructor.name)\n                    // view?.invisible.add(changeTree);\n                    continue;\n                }\n\n                // try { throw new Error(); } catch (e) {\n                //     // only print if not coming from Reflection.ts\n                //     if (!e.stack.includes(\"src/Reflection.ts\")) {\n                //         console.log(\"WILL ENCODE\", {\n                //             ref: changeTree.ref.constructor.name,\n                //             fieldIndex,\n                //             operation: OPERATION[operation],\n                //         });\n                //     }\n                // }\n\n                encoder(this, buffer, changeTree, fieldIndex, operation, it, isEncodeAll, hasView);\n            }\n        }\n\n        if (it.offset > buffer.byteLength) {\n            const newSize = getNextPowerOf2(buffer.byteLength * 2);\n            console.warn(`@colyseus/schema buffer overflow. Encoded state is higher than default BUFFER_SIZE. Use the following to increase default BUFFER_SIZE:\n\n    import { Encoder } from \"@colyseus/schema\";\n    Encoder.BUFFER_SIZE = ${Math.round(newSize / 1024)} * 1024; // ${Math.round(newSize / 1024)} KB\n`);\n\n\n            //\n            // resize buffer and re-encode (TODO: can we avoid re-encoding here?)\n            //\n            buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow(newSize);\n\n            // assign resized buffer to local sharedBuffer\n            if (buffer === this.sharedBuffer) {\n                this.sharedBuffer = buffer;\n            }\n\n            return this.encode({ offset: initialOffset }, view, buffer, changeTrees, isEncodeAll);\n\n        } else {\n            //\n            // only clear changes after making sure buffer resize is not required.\n            //\n            if (!isEncodeAll && !hasView) {\n                //\n                // FIXME: avoid iterating over change trees twice.\n                //\n                this.onEndEncode(changeTrees);\n            }\n\n            return buffer.subarray(0, it.offset);\n        }\n    }\n\n    encodeAll(it: Iterator = { offset: 0 }, buffer: Buffer = this.sharedBuffer) {\n        // console.log(`encodeAll(), this.root.allChanges (${this.root.allChanges.size})`);\n\n        // Array.from(this.root.allChanges.entries()).map((item) => {\n        //     console.log(\"->\", { ref: item[0].ref.constructor.name, refId: item[0].refId, changes: item[1].size });\n        // });\n\n        return this.encode(it, undefined, buffer, this.root.allChanges, true);\n    }\n\n    encodeAllView(view: StateView, sharedOffset: number, it: Iterator, bytes = this.sharedBuffer) {\n        const viewOffset = it.offset;\n\n        // console.log(`encodeAllView(), this.root.allFilteredChanges (${this.root.allFilteredChanges.size})`);\n        // this.debugAllFilteredChanges();\n\n        // try to encode \"filtered\" changes\n        this.encode(it, view, bytes, this.root.allFilteredChanges, true);\n\n        return Buffer.concat([\n            bytes.subarray(0, sharedOffset),\n            bytes.subarray(viewOffset, it.offset)\n        ]);\n    }\n\n\n    debugAllFilteredChanges() {\n        Array.from(this.root.allFilteredChanges.entries()).map((item) => {\n            console.log(\"->\", { refId: item[0].refId, changes: item[1].size }, item[0].ref.toJSON());\n            if (Array.isArray(item[0].ref.toJSON())) {\n                item[1].forEach((op, key) => {\n                    console.log(\"  ->\", { key, op: OPERATION[op] });\n                })\n            }\n        });\n    }\n\n    encodeView(view: StateView, sharedOffset: number, it: Iterator, bytes = this.sharedBuffer) {\n        const viewOffset = it.offset;\n\n        // try to encode \"filtered\" changes\n        this.encode(it, view, bytes, this.root.filteredChanges);\n\n        // encode visibility changes (add/remove for this view)\n        const viewChangesIterator = view.changes.entries();\n        for (const [changeTree, changes] of viewChangesIterator) {\n            if (changes.size === 0) {\n                // FIXME: avoid having empty changes if no changes were made\n                // console.log(\"changes.size === 0\", changeTree.ref.constructor.name);\n                continue;\n            }\n\n            const ref = changeTree.ref;\n\n            const ctor = ref['constructor'];\n            const encoder = ctor[$encoder];\n\n            bytes[it.offset++] = SWITCH_TO_STRUCTURE & 255;\n            encode.number(bytes, changeTree.refId, it);\n\n            const changesIterator = changes.entries();\n\n            for (const [fieldIndex, operation] of changesIterator) {\n                // isEncodeAll = false\n                // hasView = true\n                encoder(this, bytes, changeTree, fieldIndex, operation, it, false, true);\n            }\n        }\n\n        //\n        // TODO: only clear view changes after all views are encoded\n        // (to allow re-using StateView's for multiple clients)\n        //\n        // clear \"view\" changes after encoding\n        view.changes.clear();\n\n        return Buffer.concat([\n            bytes.subarray(0, sharedOffset),\n            bytes.subarray(viewOffset, it.offset)\n        ]);\n    }\n\n    onEndEncode(changeTrees = this.root.changes) {\n        const changeTreesIterator = changeTrees.entries();\n        for (const [changeTree, _] of changeTreesIterator) {\n            changeTree.endEncode();\n        }\n    }\n\n    discardChanges() {\n        // discard shared changes\n        if (this.root.changes.size > 0) {\n            this.onEndEncode(this.root.changes);\n            this.root.changes.clear();\n        }\n        // discard filtered changes\n        if (this.root.filteredChanges.size > 0) {\n            this.onEndEncode(this.root.filteredChanges);\n            this.root.filteredChanges.clear();\n        }\n    }\n\n    tryEncodeTypeId (bytes: Buffer, baseType: typeof Schema, targetType: typeof Schema, it: Iterator) {\n        const baseTypeId = this.context.getTypeId(baseType);\n        const targetTypeId = this.context.getTypeId(targetType);\n\n        if (baseTypeId !== targetTypeId) {\n            bytes[it.offset++] = TYPE_ID & 255;\n            encode.number(bytes, targetTypeId, it);\n        }\n    }\n}\n"]}
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type { Schema } from \"../Schema\";\nimport { TypeContext } from \"../annotations\";\nimport { $changes, $encoder, $filter } from \"../types/symbols\";\n\nimport * as encode from \"../encoding/encode\";\nimport type { Iterator } from \"../encoding/decode\";\n\nimport { OPERATION, SWITCH_TO_STRUCTURE, TYPE_ID } from '../encoding/spec';\nimport { Root } from \"./ChangeTree\";\nimport { getNextPowerOf2 } from \"../utils\";\nimport type { StateView } from \"./StateView\";\nimport { Metadata } from \"../Metadata\";\n\nexport class Encoder<T extends Schema = any> {\n    static BUFFER_SIZE = 8 * 1024;// 8KB\n    sharedBuffer = Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow(Encoder.BUFFER_SIZE);\n\n    context: TypeContext;\n    state: T;\n\n    root: Root;\n\n    constructor(state: T) {\n        this.root = new Root();\n\n        //\n        // TODO: cache and restore \"Context\" based on root schema\n        // (to avoid creating a new context for every new room)\n        //\n        this.context = new TypeContext(state.constructor as typeof Schema);\n\n        this.setState(state);\n\n        // console.log(\">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Encoder types\");\n        // this.context.schemas.forEach((id, schema) => {\n        //     console.log(\"type:\", id, schema.name, Object.keys(schema[Symbol.metadata]));\n        // });\n    }\n\n    protected setState(state: T) {\n        this.state = state;\n        this.state[$changes].setRoot(this.root);\n    }\n\n    encode(\n        it: Iterator = { offset: 0 },\n        view?: StateView,\n        buffer = this.sharedBuffer,\n        changeTrees = this.root.changes,\n        isEncodeAll = this.root.allChanges === changeTrees,\n        initialOffset = it.offset // cache current offset in case we need to resize the buffer\n    ): Buffer {\n        const hasView = (view !== undefined);\n        const rootChangeTree = this.state[$changes];\n\n        const changeTreesIterator = changeTrees.entries();\n\n        for (const [changeTree, changes] of changeTreesIterator) {\n            const ref = changeTree.ref;\n\n            const ctor = ref['constructor'];\n            const encoder = ctor[$encoder];\n            const filter = ctor[$filter];\n\n            // try { throw new Error(); } catch (e) {\n            //     // only print if not coming from Reflection.ts\n            //     if (!e.stack.includes(\"src/Reflection.ts\")) {\n            //         console.log(\"ChangeTree:\", { ref: ref.constructor.name, });\n            //     }\n            // }\n\n            if (hasView) {\n                if (!view.items.has(changeTree)) {\n                    view.invisible.add(changeTree);\n                    continue; // skip this change tree\n\n                } else if (view.invisible.has(changeTree)) {\n                    view.invisible.delete(changeTree); // remove from invisible list\n                }\n            }\n\n            // skip root `refId` if it's the first change tree\n            if (it.offset !== initialOffset || changeTree !== rootChangeTree) {\n                buffer[it.offset++] = SWITCH_TO_STRUCTURE & 255;\n                encode.number(buffer, changeTree.refId, it);\n            }\n\n            const changesIterator = changes.entries();\n\n            for (const [fieldIndex, operation] of changesIterator) {\n                //\n                // first pass (encodeAll), identify \"filtered\" operations without encoding them\n                // they will be encoded per client, based on their view.\n                //\n                // TODO: how can we optimize filtering out \"encode all\" operations?\n                // TODO: avoid checking if no view tags were defined\n                //\n                if (filter && !filter(ref, fieldIndex, view)) {\n                    // console.log(\"ADD AS INVISIBLE:\", fieldIndex, changeTree.ref.constructor.name)\n                    // view?.invisible.add(changeTree);\n                    continue;\n                }\n\n                // try { throw new Error(); } catch (e) {\n                //     // only print if not coming from Reflection.ts\n                //     if (!e.stack.includes(\"src/Reflection.ts\")) {\n                //         console.log(\"WILL ENCODE\", {\n                //             ref: changeTree.ref.constructor.name,\n                //             fieldIndex,\n                //             operation: OPERATION[operation],\n                //         });\n                //     }\n                // }\n\n                encoder(this, buffer, changeTree, fieldIndex, operation, it, isEncodeAll, hasView);\n            }\n        }\n\n        if (it.offset > buffer.byteLength) {\n            const newSize = getNextPowerOf2(buffer.byteLength * 2);\n            console.warn(`@colyseus/schema buffer overflow. Encoded state is higher than default BUFFER_SIZE. Use the following to increase default BUFFER_SIZE:\n\n    import { Encoder } from \"@colyseus/schema\";\n    Encoder.BUFFER_SIZE = ${Math.round(newSize / 1024)} * 1024; // ${Math.round(newSize / 1024)} KB\n`);\n\n\n            //\n            // resize buffer and re-encode (TODO: can we avoid re-encoding here?)\n            //\n            buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafeSlow(newSize);\n\n            // assign resized buffer to local sharedBuffer\n            if (buffer === this.sharedBuffer) {\n                this.sharedBuffer = buffer;\n            }\n\n            return this.encode({ offset: initialOffset }, view, buffer, changeTrees, isEncodeAll);\n\n        } else {\n            //\n            // only clear changes after making sure buffer resize is not required.\n            //\n            if (!isEncodeAll && !hasView) {\n                //\n                // FIXME: avoid iterating over change trees twice.\n                //\n                this.onEndEncode(changeTrees);\n            }\n\n            return buffer.subarray(0, it.offset);\n        }\n    }\n\n    encodeAll(it: Iterator = { offset: 0 }, buffer: Buffer = this.sharedBuffer) {\n        // console.log(`encodeAll(), this.root.allChanges (${this.root.allChanges.size})`);\n\n        // Array.from(this.root.allChanges.entries()).map((item) => {\n        //     console.log(\"->\", { ref: item[0].ref.constructor.name, refId: item[0].refId, changes: item[1].size });\n        // });\n\n        return this.encode(it, undefined, buffer, this.root.allChanges, true);\n    }\n\n    encodeAllView(view: StateView, sharedOffset: number, it: Iterator, bytes = this.sharedBuffer) {\n        const viewOffset = it.offset;\n\n        // console.log(`encodeAllView(), this.root.allFilteredChanges (${this.root.allFilteredChanges.size})`);\n        // this.debugAllFilteredChanges();\n\n        // try to encode \"filtered\" changes\n        this.encode(it, view, bytes, this.root.allFilteredChanges, true);\n\n        return Buffer.concat([\n            bytes.subarray(0, sharedOffset),\n            bytes.subarray(viewOffset, it.offset)\n        ]);\n    }\n\n\n    debugAllFilteredChanges() {\n        Array.from(this.root.allFilteredChanges.entries()).map((item) => {\n            console.log(\"->\", { refId: item[0].refId, changes: item[1].size }, item[0].ref.toJSON());\n            if (Array.isArray(item[0].ref.toJSON())) {\n                item[1].forEach((op, key) => {\n                    console.log(\"  ->\", { key, op: OPERATION[op] });\n                })\n            }\n        });\n    }\n\n    encodeView(view: StateView, sharedOffset: number, it: Iterator, bytes = this.sharedBuffer) {\n        const viewOffset = it.offset;\n\n        // encode visibility changes (add/remove for this view)\n        const viewChangesIterator = view.changes.entries();\n        for (const [changeTree, changes] of viewChangesIterator) {\n            if (changes.size === 0) {\n                // FIXME: avoid having empty changes if no changes were made\n                // console.log(\"changes.size === 0\", changeTree.ref.constructor.name);\n                continue;\n            }\n\n            const ref = changeTree.ref;\n\n            const ctor = ref['constructor'];\n            const encoder = ctor[$encoder];\n\n            bytes[it.offset++] = SWITCH_TO_STRUCTURE & 255;\n            encode.number(bytes, changeTree.refId, it);\n\n            const changesIterator = changes.entries();\n\n            for (const [fieldIndex, operation] of changesIterator) {\n                // isEncodeAll = false\n                // hasView = true\n                encoder(this, bytes, changeTree, fieldIndex, operation, it, false, true);\n            }\n        }\n\n        //\n        // TODO: only clear view changes after all views are encoded\n        // (to allow re-using StateView's for multiple clients)\n        //\n        // clear \"view\" changes after encoding\n        view.changes.clear();\n\n        // try to encode \"filtered\" changes\n        this.encode(it, view, bytes, this.root.filteredChanges, false, viewOffset);\n\n        return Buffer.concat([\n            bytes.subarray(0, sharedOffset),\n            bytes.subarray(viewOffset, it.offset)\n        ]);\n    }\n\n    onEndEncode(changeTrees = this.root.changes) {\n        const changeTreesIterator = changeTrees.entries();\n        for (const [changeTree, _] of changeTreesIterator) {\n            changeTree.endEncode();\n        }\n    }\n\n    discardChanges() {\n        // discard shared changes\n        if (this.root.changes.size > 0) {\n            this.onEndEncode(this.root.changes);\n            this.root.changes.clear();\n        }\n        // discard filtered changes\n        if (this.root.filteredChanges.size > 0) {\n            this.onEndEncode(this.root.filteredChanges);\n            this.root.filteredChanges.clear();\n        }\n    }\n\n    tryEncodeTypeId (bytes: Buffer, baseType: typeof Schema, targetType: typeof Schema, it: Iterator) {\n        const baseTypeId = this.context.getTypeId(baseType);\n        const targetTypeId = this.context.getTypeId(targetType);\n\n        if (baseTypeId !== targetTypeId) {\n            bytes[it.offset++] = TYPE_ID & 255;\n            encode.number(bytes, targetTypeId, it);\n        }\n    }\n}\n"]}

package/lib/encoder/StateView.d.ts

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export declare class StateView {
      * (This is used to force encoding a property, even if it was not changed)
      */
     changes: Map<ChangeTree<any>, Map<number, OPERATION>>;
-    add(obj: Ref, tag?: number): this;
-    protected addParent(changeTree: ChangeTree, tag: number): void;
+    add(obj: Ref, tag?: number, checkIncludeParent?: boolean): this;
+    protected addParent(changeTree: ChangeTree, parentIndex: number, tag: number): void;
     remove(obj: Ref, tag?: number): this;
 }

package/lib/encoder/StateView.js

@@ -25,26 +25,21 @@ class StateView {
         this.changes = new Map();
     }
     // TODO: allow to set multiple tags at once
-    add(obj, tag = annotations_1.DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {
+    add(obj, tag = annotations_1.DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG, checkIncludeParent = true) {
         if (!obj[symbols_1.$changes]) {
             console.warn("StateView#add(), invalid object:", obj);
             return this;
         }
         // FIXME: ArraySchema/MapSchema does not have metadata
         const metadata = obj.constructor[Symbol.metadata];
-        let changeTree = obj[symbols_1.$changes];
+        const changeTree = obj[symbols_1.$changes];
         this.items.add(changeTree);
-        // Add children of this ChangeTree to this view
-        changeTree.forEachChild((change, index) => {
-            // Do not ADD children that don't have the same tag
-            if (metadata && metadata[metadata[index]].tag !== tag) {
-                return;
-            }
-            this.add(change.ref, tag);
-        });
-        // add parent ChangeTree's, if they are invisible to this view
-        // TODO: REFACTOR addParent()
-        this.addParent(changeTree, tag);
+        // add parent ChangeTree's
+        // - if it was invisible to this view
+        // - if it were previously filtered out
+        if (checkIncludeParent && changeTree.parent) {
+            this.addParent(changeTree.parent[symbols_1.$changes], changeTree.parentIndex, tag);
+        }
         //
         // TODO: when adding an item of a MapSchema, the changes may not
         // be set (only the parent's changes are set)
@@ -76,73 +71,63 @@ class StateView {
             });
         }
         else {
-            // console.log("DEFAULT TAG", changeTree.allChanges);
-            // // add default tag properties
-            // metadata?.[-3]?.[DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG]?.forEach((index) => {
-            //     if (changeTree.getChange(index) !== OPERATION.DELETE) {
-            //         changes.set(index, OPERATION.ADD);
-            //     }
-            // });
-            const allChangesSet = (changeTree.isFiltered || changeTree.isPartiallyFiltered)
+            const isInvisible = this.invisible.has(changeTree);
+            const changeSet = (changeTree.isFiltered || changeTree.isPartiallyFiltered)
                 ? changeTree.allFilteredChanges
                 : changeTree.allChanges;
-            const it = allChangesSet.keys();
-            const isInvisible = this.invisible.has(changeTree);
-            for (const index of it) {
-                if ((isInvisible || metadata?.[metadata?.[index]].tag === tag) &&
-                    changeTree.getChange(index) !== spec_1.OPERATION.DELETE) {
-                    changes.set(index, spec_1.OPERATION.ADD);
+            changeSet.forEach((op, index) => {
+                const tagAtIndex = metadata?.[metadata?.[index]].tag;
+                if ((isInvisible || // if "invisible", include all
+                    tagAtIndex === undefined || // "all change" with no tag
+                    tagAtIndex === tag // tagged property
+                ) &&
+                    op !== spec_1.OPERATION.DELETE) {
+                    changes.set(index, op);
                 }
-            }
-        }
-        // TODO: avoid unnecessary iteration here
-        while (changeTree.parent &&
-            (changeTree = changeTree.parent[symbols_1.$changes]) &&
-            (changeTree.isFiltered || changeTree.isPartiallyFiltered)) {
-            this.items.add(changeTree);
+            });
         }
+        // Add children of this ChangeTree to this view
+        changeTree.forEachChild((change, index) => {
+            // Do not ADD children that don't have the same tag
+            if (metadata && metadata[metadata[index]].tag !== tag) {
+                return;
+            }
+            this.add(change.ref, tag, false);
+        });
         return this;
     }
-    addParent(changeTree, tag) {
-        const parentRef = changeTree.parent;
-        if (!parentRef) {
-            return;
+    addParent(changeTree, parentIndex, tag) {
+        // view must have all "changeTree" parent tree
+        this.items.add(changeTree);
+        // add parent's parent
+        const parentChangeTree = changeTree.parent?.[symbols_1.$changes];
+        if (parentChangeTree && (parentChangeTree.isFiltered || parentChangeTree.isPartiallyFiltered)) {
+            this.addParent(parentChangeTree, changeTree.parentIndex, tag);
         }
-        const parentChangeTree = parentRef[symbols_1.$changes];
-        const parentIndex = changeTree.parentIndex;
-        if (!this.invisible.has(parentChangeTree)) {
-            // parent is already available, no need to add it!
+        // parent is already available, no need to add it!
+        if (!this.invisible.has(changeTree)) {
             return;
         }
-        this.addParent(parentChangeTree, tag);
         // add parent's tag properties
-        if (parentChangeTree.getChange(parentIndex) !== spec_1.OPERATION.DELETE) {
-            let parentChanges = this.changes.get(parentChangeTree);
-            if (parentChanges === undefined) {
-                parentChanges = new Map();
-                this.changes.set(parentChangeTree, parentChanges);
+        if (changeTree.getChange(parentIndex) !== spec_1.OPERATION.DELETE) {
+            let changes = this.changes.get(changeTree);
+            if (changes === undefined) {
+                changes = new Map();
+                this.changes.set(changeTree, changes);
             }
-            // console.log("add parent change", {
-            //     parentIndex,
-            //     parentChanges,
-            //     parentChange: (
-            //         parentChangeTree.getChange(parentIndex) &&
-            //         OPERATION[parentChangeTree.getChange(parentIndex)]
-            //     ),
-            // })
             if (!this.tags) {
                 this.tags = new WeakMap();
             }
             let tags;
-            if (!this.tags.has(parentChangeTree)) {
+            if (!this.tags.has(changeTree)) {
                 tags = new Set();
-                this.tags.set(parentChangeTree, tags);
+                this.tags.set(changeTree, tags);
             }
             else {
-                tags = this.tags.get(parentChangeTree);
+                tags = this.tags.get(changeTree);
             }
             tags.add(tag);
-            parentChanges.set(parentIndex, spec_1.OPERATION.ADD);
+            changes.set(parentIndex, spec_1.OPERATION.ADD);
         }
     }
     remove(obj, tag = annotations_1.DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {

package/lib/encoder/StateView.js.map

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{ ChangeTree, Ref } from \"./ChangeTree\";\nimport { $changes } from \"../types/symbols\";\nimport { DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG } from \"../annotations\";\nimport { OPERATION } from \"../encoding/spec\";\nimport { Metadata } from \"../Metadata\";\nimport type { Schema } from \"../Schema\";\n\nexport function createView(root: Schema) {\n}\n\nexport class StateView {\n    /**\n     * List of ChangeTree's that are visible to this view\n     */\n    items: WeakSet<ChangeTree> = new WeakSet<ChangeTree>();\n\n    /**\n     * List of ChangeTree's that are invisible to this view\n     */\n    invisible: WeakSet<ChangeTree> = new WeakSet<ChangeTree>();\n\n    tags?: WeakMap<ChangeTree, Set<number>>; // TODO: use bit manipulation instead of Set<number> ()\n\n    /**\n     * Manual \"ADD\" operations for changes per ChangeTree, specific to this view.\n     * (This is used to force encoding a property, even if it was not changed)\n     */\n    changes = new Map<ChangeTree, Map<number, OPERATION>>();\n\n    // TODO: allow to set multiple tags at once\n    add(obj: Ref, tag: number = DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {\n        if (!obj[$changes]) {\n            console.warn(\"StateView#add(), invalid object:\", obj);\n            return this;\n        }\n\n        // FIXME: ArraySchema/MapSchema does not have metadata\n        const metadata: Metadata = obj.constructor[Symbol.metadata];\n\n        let changeTree: ChangeTree = obj[$changes];\n        this.items.add(changeTree);\n\n        // Add children of this ChangeTree to this view\n        changeTree.forEachChild((change, index) => {\n            // Do not ADD children that don't have the same tag\n            if (metadata && metadata[metadata[index]].tag !== tag) {\n                return;\n            }\n            this.add(change.ref, tag);\n        });\n\n        // add parent ChangeTree's, if they are invisible to this view\n        // TODO: REFACTOR addParent()\n        this.addParent(changeTree, tag);\n\n        //\n        // TODO: when adding an item of a MapSchema, the changes may not\n        // be set (only the parent's changes are set)\n        //\n        let changes = this.changes.get(changeTree);\n        if (changes === undefined) {\n            changes = new Map<number, OPERATION>();\n            this.changes.set(changeTree, changes)\n        }\n\n        // set tag\n        if (tag !== DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {\n            if (!this.tags) {\n                this.tags = new WeakMap<ChangeTree, Set<number>>();\n            }\n            let tags: Set<number>;\n            if (!this.tags.has(changeTree)) {\n                tags = new Set<number>();\n                this.tags.set(changeTree, tags);\n            } else {\n                tags = this.tags.get(changeTree);\n            }\n            tags.add(tag);\n\n            // Ref: add tagged properties\n            metadata?.[-3]?.[tag]?.forEach((index) => {\n                if (changeTree.getChange(index) !== OPERATION.DELETE) {\n                    changes.set(index, OPERATION.ADD)\n                }\n            });\n\n        } else {\n\n            // console.log(\"DEFAULT TAG\", changeTree.allChanges);\n\n            // // add default tag properties\n            // metadata?.[-3]?.[DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG]?.forEach((index) => {\n            //     if (changeTree.getChange(index) !== OPERATION.DELETE) {\n            //         changes.set(index, OPERATION.ADD);\n            //     }\n            // });\n\n            const allChangesSet = (changeTree.isFiltered || changeTree.isPartiallyFiltered)\n                ? changeTree.allFilteredChanges\n                : changeTree.allChanges;\n            const it = allChangesSet.keys();\n            const isInvisible = this.invisible.has(changeTree);\n\n            for (const index of it) {\n                if (\n                    (isInvisible || metadata?.[metadata?.[index]].tag === tag) &&\n                    changeTree.getChange(index) !== OPERATION.DELETE\n                ) {\n                    changes.set(index, OPERATION.ADD);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        // TODO: avoid unnecessary iteration here\n        while (\n            changeTree.parent &&\n            (changeTree = changeTree.parent[$changes]) &&\n            (changeTree.isFiltered || changeTree.isPartiallyFiltered)\n        ) {\n            this.items.add(changeTree);\n        }\n\n        return this;\n    }\n\n    protected addParent(changeTree: ChangeTree, tag: number) {\n        const parentRef = changeTree.parent;\n        if (!parentRef) { return; }\n\n        const parentChangeTree = parentRef[$changes];\n        const parentIndex = changeTree.parentIndex;\n\n        if (!this.invisible.has(parentChangeTree)) {\n            // parent is already available, no need to add it!\n            return;\n        }\n\n        this.addParent(parentChangeTree, tag);\n\n        // add parent's tag properties\n        if (parentChangeTree.getChange(parentIndex) !== OPERATION.DELETE) {\n\n            let parentChanges = this.changes.get(parentChangeTree);\n            if (parentChanges === undefined) {\n                parentChanges = new Map<number, OPERATION>();\n                this.changes.set(parentChangeTree, parentChanges);\n            }\n\n            // console.log(\"add parent change\", {\n            //     parentIndex,\n            //     parentChanges,\n            //     parentChange: (\n            //         parentChangeTree.getChange(parentIndex) &&\n            //         OPERATION[parentChangeTree.getChange(parentIndex)]\n            //     ),\n            // })\n\n            if (!this.tags) { this.tags = new WeakMap<ChangeTree, Set<number>>(); }\n            let tags: Set<number>;\n            if (!this.tags.has(parentChangeTree)) {\n                tags = new Set<number>();\n                this.tags.set(parentChangeTree, tags);\n            } else {\n                tags = this.tags.get(parentChangeTree);\n            }\n            tags.add(tag);\n\n            parentChanges.set(parentIndex, OPERATION.ADD);\n        }\n\n    }\n\n    remove(obj: Ref, tag: number = DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {\n        const changeTree = obj[$changes];\n        if (!changeTree) {\n            console.warn(\"StateView#remove(), invalid object:\", obj);\n            return this;\n        }\n\n        this.items.delete(changeTree);\n\n        const ref = changeTree.ref;\n        const metadata: Metadata = ref.constructor[Symbol.metadata];\n\n        let changes = this.changes.get(changeTree);\n        if (changes === undefined) {\n            changes = new Map<number, OPERATION>();\n            this.changes.set(changeTree, changes)\n        }\n\n        if (tag === DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {\n            // parent is collection (Map/Array)\n            const parent = changeTree.parent;\n            if (!Metadata.isValidInstance(parent)) {\n                const parentChangeTree = parent[$changes];\n                let changes = this.changes.get(parentChangeTree);\n                if (changes === undefined) {\n                    changes = new Map<number, OPERATION>();\n                    this.changes.set(parentChangeTree, changes)\n                }\n                // DELETE / DELETE BY REF ID\n                changes.set(changeTree.parentIndex, OPERATION.DELETE);\n\n            } else {\n                // delete all \"tagged\" properties.\n                metadata[-2].forEach((index) =>\n                    changes.set(index, OPERATION.DELETE));\n            }\n\n\n        } else {\n            // delete only tagged properties\n            metadata[-3][tag].forEach((index) =>\n                changes.set(index, OPERATION.DELETE));\n        }\n\n        // remove tag\n        if (this.tags && this.tags.has(changeTree)) {\n            const tags = this.tags.get(changeTree);\n            if (tag === undefined) {\n                // delete all tags\n                this.tags.delete(changeTree);\n            } else {\n                // delete specific tag\n                tags.delete(tag);\n\n                // if tag set is empty, delete it entirely\n                if (tags.size === 0) {\n                    this.tags.delete(changeTree);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        return this;\n    }\n}"]}
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{ ChangeTree, Ref } from \"./ChangeTree\";\nimport { $changes } from \"../types/symbols\";\nimport { DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG } from \"../annotations\";\nimport { OPERATION } from \"../encoding/spec\";\nimport { Metadata } from \"../Metadata\";\nimport type { Schema } from \"../Schema\";\n\nexport function createView(root: Schema) {\n}\n\nexport class StateView {\n    /**\n     * List of ChangeTree's that are visible to this view\n     */\n    items: WeakSet<ChangeTree> = new WeakSet<ChangeTree>();\n\n    /**\n     * List of ChangeTree's that are invisible to this view\n     */\n    invisible: WeakSet<ChangeTree> = new WeakSet<ChangeTree>();\n\n    tags?: WeakMap<ChangeTree, Set<number>>; // TODO: use bit manipulation instead of Set<number> ()\n\n    /**\n     * Manual \"ADD\" operations for changes per ChangeTree, specific to this view.\n     * (This is used to force encoding a property, even if it was not changed)\n     */\n    changes = new Map<ChangeTree, Map<number, OPERATION>>();\n\n    // TODO: allow to set multiple tags at once\n    add(obj: Ref, tag: number = DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG, checkIncludeParent: boolean = true) {\n        if (!obj[$changes]) {\n            console.warn(\"StateView#add(), invalid object:\", obj);\n            return this;\n        }\n\n        // FIXME: ArraySchema/MapSchema does not have metadata\n        const metadata: Metadata = obj.constructor[Symbol.metadata];\n        const changeTree: ChangeTree = obj[$changes];\n        this.items.add(changeTree);\n\n        // add parent ChangeTree's\n        // - if it was invisible to this view\n        // - if it were previously filtered out\n        if (checkIncludeParent && changeTree.parent) {\n            this.addParent(changeTree.parent[$changes], changeTree.parentIndex, tag);\n        }\n\n        //\n        // TODO: when adding an item of a MapSchema, the changes may not\n        // be set (only the parent's changes are set)\n        //\n        let changes = this.changes.get(changeTree);\n        if (changes === undefined) {\n            changes = new Map<number, OPERATION>();\n            this.changes.set(changeTree, changes)\n        }\n\n        // set tag\n        if (tag !== DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {\n            if (!this.tags) {\n                this.tags = new WeakMap<ChangeTree, Set<number>>();\n            }\n            let tags: Set<number>;\n            if (!this.tags.has(changeTree)) {\n                tags = new Set<number>();\n                this.tags.set(changeTree, tags);\n            } else {\n                tags = this.tags.get(changeTree);\n            }\n            tags.add(tag);\n\n            // Ref: add tagged properties\n            metadata?.[-3]?.[tag]?.forEach((index) => {\n                if (changeTree.getChange(index) !== OPERATION.DELETE) {\n                    changes.set(index, OPERATION.ADD)\n                }\n            });\n\n        } else {\n            const isInvisible = this.invisible.has(changeTree);\n            const changeSet = (changeTree.isFiltered || changeTree.isPartiallyFiltered)\n                ? changeTree.allFilteredChanges\n                : changeTree.allChanges;\n\n            changeSet.forEach((op, index) => {\n                const tagAtIndex = metadata?.[metadata?.[index]].tag;\n                if (\n                    (\n                        isInvisible || // if \"invisible\", include all\n                        tagAtIndex === undefined || // \"all change\" with no tag\n                        tagAtIndex === tag // tagged property\n                    ) &&\n                    op !== OPERATION.DELETE\n                ) {\n                    changes.set(index, op);\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        // Add children of this ChangeTree to this view\n        changeTree.forEachChild((change, index) => {\n            // Do not ADD children that don't have the same tag\n            if (metadata && metadata[metadata[index]].tag !== tag) {\n                return;\n            }\n            this.add(change.ref, tag, false);\n        });\n\n        return this;\n    }\n\n    protected addParent(changeTree: ChangeTree, parentIndex: number, tag: number) {\n        // view must have all \"changeTree\" parent tree\n        this.items.add(changeTree);\n\n        // add parent's parent\n        const parentChangeTree = changeTree.parent?.[$changes];\n        if (parentChangeTree && (parentChangeTree.isFiltered || parentChangeTree.isPartiallyFiltered)) {\n            this.addParent(parentChangeTree, changeTree.parentIndex, tag);\n        }\n\n        // parent is already available, no need to add it!\n        if (!this.invisible.has(changeTree)) {\n            return;\n        }\n\n        // add parent's tag properties\n        if (changeTree.getChange(parentIndex) !== OPERATION.DELETE) {\n\n            let changes = this.changes.get(changeTree);\n            if (changes === undefined) {\n                changes = new Map<number, OPERATION>();\n                this.changes.set(changeTree, changes);\n            }\n\n            if (!this.tags) {\n                this.tags = new WeakMap<ChangeTree, Set<number>>();\n            }\n\n            let tags: Set<number>;\n            if (!this.tags.has(changeTree)) {\n                tags = new Set<number>();\n                this.tags.set(changeTree, tags);\n            } else {\n                tags = this.tags.get(changeTree);\n            }\n            tags.add(tag);\n\n            changes.set(parentIndex, OPERATION.ADD);\n        }\n    }\n\n    remove(obj: Ref, tag: number = DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {\n        const changeTree = obj[$changes];\n        if (!changeTree) {\n            console.warn(\"StateView#remove(), invalid object:\", obj);\n            return this;\n        }\n\n        this.items.delete(changeTree);\n\n        const ref = changeTree.ref;\n        const metadata: Metadata = ref.constructor[Symbol.metadata];\n\n        let changes = this.changes.get(changeTree);\n        if (changes === undefined) {\n            changes = new Map<number, OPERATION>();\n            this.changes.set(changeTree, changes)\n        }\n\n        if (tag === DEFAULT_VIEW_TAG) {\n            // parent is collection (Map/Array)\n            const parent = changeTree.parent;\n            if (!Metadata.isValidInstance(parent)) {\n                const parentChangeTree = parent[$changes];\n                let changes = this.changes.get(parentChangeTree);\n                if (changes === undefined) {\n                    changes = new Map<number, OPERATION>();\n                    this.changes.set(parentChangeTree, changes)\n                }\n                // DELETE / DELETE BY REF ID\n                changes.set(changeTree.parentIndex, OPERATION.DELETE);\n\n            } else {\n                // delete all \"tagged\" properties.\n                metadata[-2].forEach((index) =>\n                    changes.set(index, OPERATION.DELETE));\n            }\n\n\n        } else {\n            // delete only tagged properties\n            metadata[-3][tag].forEach((index) =>\n                changes.set(index, OPERATION.DELETE));\n        }\n\n        // remove tag\n        if (this.tags && this.tags.has(changeTree)) {\n            const tags = this.tags.get(changeTree);\n            if (tag === undefined) {\n                // delete all tags\n                this.tags.delete(changeTree);\n            } else {\n                // delete specific tag\n                tags.delete(tag);\n\n                // if tag set is empty, delete it entirely\n                if (tags.size === 0) {\n                    this.tags.delete(changeTree);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        return this;\n    }\n}"]}

package/package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "@colyseus/schema",
-  "version": "3.0.0-alpha.25",
+  "version": "3.0.0-alpha.26",
   "description": "Binary state serializer with delta encoding for games",
   "bin": {
     "schema-codegen": "./bin/schema-codegen"

package/src/Reflection.ts

@@ -25,9 +25,7 @@ export class Reflection extends Schema {
     @type([ ReflectionType ]) types: ArraySchema<ReflectionType> = new ArraySchema<ReflectionType>();
 
     static encode(instance: Schema, context?: TypeContext, it: Iterator = { offset: 0 }) {
-        if (!context) {
-            context = new TypeContext(instance.constructor as typeof Schema);
-        }
+        context ??= new TypeContext(instance.constructor as typeof Schema);
 
         const reflection = new Reflection();
         const encoder = new Encoder(reflection);

package/src/Schema.ts

@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ export abstract class Schema {
         return output;
     }
 
-    static debugChangesDeep(ref: Ref) {
+    static debugChangesDeep(ref: Ref, changeSetName: "changes" | "allChanges" | "allFilteredChanges" | "filteredChanges" = "changes") {
         let output = "";
 
         const rootChangeTree = ref[$changes];
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ export abstract class Schema {
         let totalInstances = 0;
         let totalOperations = 0;
 
-        for (const [changeTree, changes] of (rootChangeTree.root.changes.entries())) {
+        for (const [changeTree, changes] of (rootChangeTree.root[changeSetName].entries())) {
             let includeChangeTree = false;
             let parentChangeTrees: ChangeTree[] = [];
             let parentChangeTree = changeTree.parent?.[$changes];

package/src/annotations.ts

@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ export class TypeContext {
         return this.schemas.get(klass);
     }
 
-    private discoverTypes(klass: typeof Schema) {
+    private discoverTypes(klass: typeof Schema, parentFieldViewTag?: number) {
         if (!this.add(klass)) {
             return;
         }
 
         // add classes inherited from this base class
         TypeContext.inheritedTypes.get(klass)?.forEach((child) => {
-            this.discoverTypes(child);
+            this.discoverTypes(child, parentFieldViewTag);
         });
 
         // skip if no fields are defined for this class.
@@ -127,7 +127,18 @@ export class TypeContext {
         }
 
         for (const field in metadata) {
+            //
+            // Modify the field's metadata to include the parent field's view tag
+            //
+            if (
+                parentFieldViewTag !== undefined &&
+                metadata[field].tag === undefined
+            ) {
+                metadata[field].tag = parentFieldViewTag;
+            }
+
             const fieldType = metadata[field].type;
+            const viewTag = metadata[field].tag;
 
             if (typeof(fieldType) === "string") {
                 continue;
@@ -138,10 +149,10 @@ export class TypeContext {
                 if (type === "string") {
                     continue;
                 }
-                this.discoverTypes(type as typeof Schema);
+                this.discoverTypes(type as typeof Schema, viewTag);
 
             } else if (typeof(fieldType) === "function") {
-                this.discoverTypes(fieldType);
+                this.discoverTypes(fieldType, viewTag);
 
             } else {
                 const type = Object.values(fieldType)[0];
@@ -151,7 +162,7 @@ export class TypeContext {
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                this.discoverTypes(type as typeof Schema);
+                this.discoverTypes(type as typeof Schema, viewTag);
             }
         }
     }

package/src/decoder/DecodeOperation.ts

@@ -182,7 +182,10 @@ export const decodeSchemaOperation: DecodeOperation = function (
 
     // skip early if field is not defined
     const field = metadata[index];
-    if (field === undefined) { return DEFINITION_MISMATCH; }
+    if (field === undefined) {
+        console.warn("@colyseus/schema: field not defined at", { index, ref: ref.constructor.name, metadata });
+        return DEFINITION_MISMATCH;
+    }
 
     const { value, previousValue } = decodeValue(
         decoder,

package/src/decoder/Decoder.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ export class Decoder<T extends Schema = any> {
     triggerChanges?: (allChanges: DataChange[]) => void;
 
     constructor(root: T, context?: TypeContext) {
-        this.setRoot(root);
+        this.setState(root);
+
         this.context = context || new TypeContext(root.constructor as typeof Schema);
 
         // console.log(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Decoder types");
@@ -30,7 +31,7 @@ export class Decoder<T extends Schema = any> {
         // });
     }
 
-    protected setRoot(root: T) {
+    protected setState(root: T) {
         this.state = root;
         this.root = new ReferenceTracker();
         this.root.addRef(0, root);

package/src/encoder/ChangeTree.ts

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ export class ChangeTree<T extends Ref=any> {
             // MapSchema / ArraySchema, etc.
             (this.ref as MapSchema).forEach((value, key) => {
                 if (Metadata.isValidInstance(value)) {
-                    callback(value[$changes], this.ref[$changes].indexes[key]);
+                    callback(value[$changes], this.ref[$changes].indexes[key] ?? key);
                 }
             });
         }
@@ -238,9 +238,11 @@ export class ChangeTree<T extends Ref=any> {
         //
 
         if (isFiltered) {
-            this.allFilteredChanges.set(index, OPERATION.ADD);
             this.root?.filteredChanges.set(this, this.filteredChanges);
 
+            this.allFilteredChanges.set(index, OPERATION.ADD);
+            this.root?.allFilteredChanges.set(this, this.allFilteredChanges);
+
         } else {
             this.allChanges.set(index, OPERATION.ADD);
             this.root?.changes.set(this, this.changes);

package/src/encoder/Encoder.ts

@@ -20,14 +20,16 @@ export class Encoder<T extends Schema = any> {
 
     root: Root;
 
-    constructor(root: T) {
+    constructor(state: T) {
+        this.root = new Root();
+
         //
         // TODO: cache and restore "Context" based on root schema
         // (to avoid creating a new context for every new room)
         //
-        this.context = new TypeContext(root.constructor as typeof Schema);
+        this.context = new TypeContext(state.constructor as typeof Schema);
 
-        this.setRoot(root);
+        this.setState(state);
 
         // console.log(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Encoder types");
         // this.context.schemas.forEach((id, schema) => {
@@ -35,10 +37,9 @@ export class Encoder<T extends Schema = any> {
         // });
     }
 
-    protected setRoot(state: T) {
-        this.root = new Root();
+    protected setState(state: T) {
         this.state = state;
-        state[$changes].setRoot(this.root);
+        this.state[$changes].setRoot(this.root);
     }
 
     encode(
@@ -47,9 +48,8 @@ export class Encoder<T extends Schema = any> {
         buffer = this.sharedBuffer,
         changeTrees = this.root.changes,
         isEncodeAll = this.root.allChanges === changeTrees,
+        initialOffset = it.offset // cache current offset in case we need to resize the buffer
     ): Buffer {
-        const initialOffset = it.offset; // cache current offset in case we need to resize the buffer
-
         const hasView = (view !== undefined);
         const rootChangeTree = this.state[$changes];
 
@@ -96,8 +96,6 @@ export class Encoder<T extends Schema = any> {
                 // TODO: avoid checking if no view tags were defined
                 //
                 if (filter && !filter(ref, fieldIndex, view)) {
-                    // console.log("SKIP FIELD:", { ref: changeTree.ref.constructor.name, fieldIndex, })
-
                     // console.log("ADD AS INVISIBLE:", fieldIndex, changeTree.ref.constructor.name)
                     // view?.invisible.add(changeTree);
                     continue;
@@ -194,9 +192,6 @@ export class Encoder<T extends Schema = any> {
     encodeView(view: StateView, sharedOffset: number, it: Iterator, bytes = this.sharedBuffer) {
         const viewOffset = it.offset;
 
-        // try to encode "filtered" changes
-        this.encode(it, view, bytes, this.root.filteredChanges);
-
         // encode visibility changes (add/remove for this view)
         const viewChangesIterator = view.changes.entries();
         for (const [changeTree, changes] of viewChangesIterator) {
@@ -230,6 +225,9 @@ export class Encoder<T extends Schema = any> {
         // clear "view" changes after encoding
         view.changes.clear();
 
+        // try to encode "filtered" changes
+        this.encode(it, view, bytes, this.root.filteredChanges, false, viewOffset);
+
         return Buffer.concat([
             bytes.subarray(0, sharedOffset),
             bytes.subarray(viewOffset, it.offset)