@cloudgrid-io/mcp 0.20.6 → 0.20.7

package/src/corpus/templates/simple-semantic-search/cloudgrid.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,235 @@
+# ============================================================================
+# cloudgrid.yaml — Complete Example
+# ============================================================================
+#
+# This file shows EVERY field the platform supports, with comments explaining
+# each one. It is a reference — no real project would use all of these at once.
+#
+# STANDARD: every CloudGrid template ships its cloudgrid.yaml in THIS full form.
+# Uncomment ONLY the fields the archetype needs (always: name + services; plus
+# needs: for runtime apps). Leave everything else commented. Comments are
+# ignored by the parser, so the file deploys to exactly the active fields.
+#
+# Only two fields are required: name and services. Everything else is optional.
+# Full docs: docs/cloudgrid-yaml-reference.md
+# ============================================================================
+
+
+# ─── IDENTITY ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Entity slug (REQUIRED). 2-42 chars, lowercase alphanumeric + hyphens.
+# Must start and end with a letter or digit.
+# Becomes part of your public URL: <name>-<4hex>.<org>.cloudgrid.io
+name: simple-semantic-search
+description: Semantic search over a bundled document, backed by pgvector.
+icon: "🔎"
+
+# One-line summary. Max 280 chars. If omitted, Grid Brain auto-generates one.
+# description: Order processing API for the e-commerce platform
+
+# Single emoji or short text shown as the entity icon. Max 64 chars.
+# icon: "📦"
+
+# Entity type: 'app' (default) or 'agent'. An agent is an app with an agent: block.
+# kind: app
+
+
+# ─── NETWORKING ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Whether this entity serves public HTTP traffic.
+# true = public URL + Ingress (default). false = internal only.
+# expose: true
+
+# Additional domain names this entity serves on (the platform URL is always active).
+# custom_domains:
+#   - orders.example.com
+#   - shop.example.com
+
+
+# ─── HEALTH PROBE (entity-level override) ──────────────────────────────────
+
+# Override the default health check for the entire entity.
+# probe:
+#   path: /healthz               # HTTP path to probe (default: /).
+#   expected: "<500"             # '<500' (default), '200', '2xx'.
+
+
+# ─── DEPLOY NOTIFICATIONS ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Slack notification to the org's default channel on deploy failure.
+# true = notify (default), false = silent.
+# notify: true
+
+
+# ─── SCALING ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Replica scaling intent.
+#   'auto'  — platform decides from the grid tier (default).
+#   'alert' — single-replica, emit a SPOF warning at plug time.
+#   1-10    — explicit replica count, clamped to the grid max.
+# scale: auto
+
+
+# ─── INFRASTRUCTURE NEEDS ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# Declare infrastructure; the platform provisions it and injects connection
+# details as env vars. Nine needs: database, cache, kv, queue, pubsub, vector,
+# object_storage, disk, ai. Simplest form is `true`.
+#
+# needs:
+#   # database — MongoDB. Injects DATABASE_MONGODB_URL (+ legacy MONGODB_URL).
+#   #   true | pool | dedicated | { tier: external, secret: MY_DB }
+#   database: true
+#   # cache — Redis, LRU eviction (derived data). Injects CACHE_REDIS_URL (+ REDIS_URL).
+#   #   true | redis | { engine: external, secret: MY_REDIS_URL }
+#   cache: true
+#   # kv — Redis, no eviction (durable: flags, idempotency). Injects KV_REDIS_URL.
+#   kv: true
+#   # queue — Redis job-queue substrate (BullMQ). Injects QUEUE_REDIS_URL.
+#   queue: true
+#   # pubsub — Redis broadcast pub/sub. Injects PUBSUB_REDIS_URL.
+#   pubsub: true
+#   # vector — pgvector on Postgres. Injects VECTOR_PGVECTOR_URL (+ PGVECTOR_URL).
+#   #   true | pgvector | { engine: pgvector, dim: 1536 }
+#   vector: pgvector
+#   # object_storage — GCS bucket. Injects OBJECT_STORAGE_GCS_BUCKET, _GCS_REGION.
+#   #   true | { size: 10Gi }
+#   object_storage: true
+#   # disk — persistent FS mount (PVC). Injects DISK_PATH. Pins to 1 replica.
+#   #   true | { size: 1Gi, mount: /var/data }  (forbidden: /proc /sys /dev)
+#   disk: true
+#   # ai — AI Gateway via @cloudgrid-io/ai. Injects AI_GATEWAY_URL. true | false.
+#   ai: true
+
+
+# ─── INTER-ENTITY COMMUNICATION ────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Entities this app calls (outbound). Service-account token injected per pair.
+# calls:
+#   - org:atomic/billing-api
+
+# Inbound caller policy — who can call YOUR entity.
+# callers:
+#   policy: auto                 # 'auto' | 'manual' (default).
+#   scope: org                   # 'org' (default) | 'space' | 'explicit'.
+#   fallback: deny               # 'deny' (default) | 'warn'.
+#   # allowed_apps:              # required only when scope: explicit
+#   #   - org:atomic/frontend
+
+
+# ─── VAULT ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Map org vault items to env vars. Keys UPPER_SNAKE_CASE; values = vault item keys.
+# vault:
+#   STRIPE_KEY: stripe-live-key
+#   SENDGRID_API_KEY: sendgrid-key
+
+
+# ─── CONNECTORS AND HOOKS ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# connectors:
+#   - id: team-slack
+#     target: org                # 'system' | 'org'.
+#     channel: "#deploys"
+# hooks:
+#   - on: deploy.failed          # release.published | deploy.failed | feedback.received | entity.created
+#     via: team-slack
+#     template: "Deploy failed for {entity_name}: {error}"
+#     channel: "#alerts"
+# triggers:
+#   - from: team-slack
+#     event: message
+#     channel: "#support"
+#     route: /webhooks/slack
+
+
+# ─── LOCAL DEVELOPMENT ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# Config for `grid dev`. Redact fields in dev data snapshots.
+# dev:
+#   snapshot:
+#     mask:
+#       - users.email
+#       - users.phone
+
+
+# ─── AGENT METADATA ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+# An agent is an app with kind: agent (above) and an agent: block.
+# agent:
+#   purpose: Sync customer data from external CRM every night
+#   schedule: "0 2 * * *"
+#   trigger: webhook
+
+
+# ─── PRIVATE RESOURCE AUTO-DEPENDENCIES ────────────────────────────────────
+
+# When true (default), private resources are auto-injected as depends_on.
+# auto_depends_on_private_requires: true
+
+
+# ─── SERVICES (REQUIRED) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+#
+# At least one service is required. Key = service name (slug rules).
+# Types: node, nextjs, python, static, cron.
+#
+services:
+  web:
+    # type (REQUIRED): node | nextjs | python | static | cron
+    type: node
+    # HTTP route: '/' | '/api' | false (internal) | omitted (=false + warning).
+    # Only one service per entity can claim '/'.
+    path: /
+    # Container port (default 8080; read process.env.PORT). Not for cron.
+    # port: 3000
+    # nextjs only: base_image: distroless (default) | alpine
+    # base_image: distroless
+    # node only: lang: javascript (default) | typescript
+    # lang: typescript
+    # Custom source location (default services/<name>/). '.' = project root.
+    # source:
+    #   path: src/worker
+    # Health probe: false/omitted (TCP) | true (/health) | "/path" | {path,expected}
+    # Returns 503 until the startup seed finishes, so traffic waits for a ready index.
+    health: /health
+    # Static runtime env vars (strings). Reserved: PORT, APP_NAME, SERVICE_NAME,
+    # NODE_ENV, MONGODB_URL, REDIS_URL, AI_GATEWAY_URL, N8N_WEBHOOK_URL, CLOUDGRID_*.
+    # env:
+    #   LOG_LEVEL: info
+    # Sibling services/private resources that must be Ready first (no cron, no cycles).
+    # depends_on:
+    #   - worker
+    # Per-service needs override (merges with app-level needs).
+    # needs:
+    #   queue: true
+    # Static-only build step:
+    # build:
+    #   command: npm run build
+    #   output: dist
+    #   env:
+    #     VITE_API_URL: https://api.example.com
+    # node_version: "22"          # static build step: '18'|'20'|'22'|'24' (quoted)
+    # Cron-only: schedule (REQUIRED), timezone (UTC|EST|PST), run (job | https URL)
+    # schedule: "0 9 * * 1"
+    # timezone: UTC
+    # run: job
+    # Verbose per-service persistence (prefer needs.disk):
+    # persist:
+    #   - name: scratch
+    #     path: /tmp/scratch
+    #     size: 500Mi
+
+
+
+needs:
+  vector: pgvector    # pgvector on Postgres. Injects VECTOR_PGVECTOR_URL (+legacy PGVECTOR_URL).
+  ai: true            # AI Gateway for embeddings via @cloudgrid-io/runtime. Injects AI_GATEWAY_URL.
+
+
+# ============================================================================
+# NOTES
+# - NOT here: org:/entity_id: (→ .cloudgrid/link.json), secrets (→ grid secrets set),
+#   Dockerfile (platform generates from services.*.type).
+# - Deploy: grid plug   |   Local with grid resources: grid dev
+# - Full reference: docs/cloudgrid-yaml-reference.md  |  CLI: docs/cli-reference.md
+# ============================================================================

package/src/corpus/templates/simple-semantic-search/index.md

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+# Template: simple-semantic-search (single-service pgvector search)
+
+Semantic search over a document in ONE node service — the smallest real vector
+app on the grid. The platform provisions pgvector from `needs: { vector:
+pgvector }` and injects `VECTOR_PGVECTOR_URL`; embeddings come from the AI
+Gateway via `@cloudgrid-io/runtime` (`needs: { ai: true }`, no API key). Proven
+by a real end-to-end deploy (live in under 3 minutes, 2026-07-16).
+
+For a multi-service search portfolio (upload UI, separate refresh cron), use the
+heavier `semantic-search` blueprint instead. This template is the default for
+"search my document by meaning".
+
+**Key rules (all proven by the live deploy):**
+
+1. **Size the vector column from a probe, never hardcode the dimension.** Embed
+   one chunk first (`runtime.ai.embeddings`), read `probe.dim`, and create the
+   table with `vector(${dim})`. Hardcoding 1536 breaks when the platform model
+   differs.
+2. **Seed in the background; report readiness via `/health`.** Bind the HTTP
+   port immediately (the platform startup probe wants it open), run the
+   embed+insert seed async, and return 503 from `/health` until it finishes —
+   the readiness probe then holds the pod out of traffic until search works.
+   The seed is idempotent (`CREATE ... IF NOT EXISTS`, count check, upsert).
+3. **Read `VECTOR_PGVECTOR_URL` lazily inside the connect function** (with the
+   legacy `PGVECTOR_URL` fallback). Never at module top level, never hardcoded.
+4. **Query with the pgvector cosine operator.** `ORDER BY embedding <=> $1::vector`
+   with score `1 - (embedding <=> $1::vector)`. Pass vectors as literals:
+   `'[0.1,0.2,...]'` + `::vector` cast.
+5. **Service code lives under `services/web/`**, not the project root.
+
+## File tree
+
+```
+cloudgrid.yaml                      # name + needs: { vector: pgvector, ai: true } + services.web (node, health: /health)
+services/web/package.json           # @cloudgrid-io/runtime, express, pg — nothing else
+services/web/src/index.js           # seed + /search + minimal UI (single file)
+services/web/src/document.txt       # the content to index — replace with the user's document
+```
+
+## What the CLI writes for you: `.cloudgrid/link.json`
+
+After `grid init app <name> --here` (or the first `grid plug`), the CLI binds
+the folder to its grid entity by writing `.cloudgrid/link.json`. It looks like:
+
+```json
+{
+  "entity_id": "923b2d46-ce6e-42e5-9976-311f8dab5755",
+  "org_id": "602fbff7-920b-4221-afb4-7440915b6bab",
+  "org_slug": "atomic",
+  "kind": "app",
+  "entity_slug": "simple-semantic-search-86f2",
+  "created_at": "2026-07-16T13:28:32.744Z",
+  "cli_version": "0.15.4"
+}
+```
+
+**Never hand-author or copy this file** — the CLI writes it, and every value is
+minted at init time (the slug gets a 4-hex suffix). Two practical consequences:
+
+- A folder **with** `.cloudgrid/link.json` is bound: `grid plug` UPDATES that
+  entity. To fork someone else's project into your own app, `rm -rf .cloudgrid`
+  (and remove any `name:` you don't own from `cloudgrid.yaml`), then
+  `grid init app <your-name> --here` for a fresh identity.
+- `link.json` is why identity does NOT belong in `cloudgrid.yaml` — the
+  manifest describes the app; the link binds the folder.
+
+## Deploy
+
+```bash
+grid init app <name> --here     # once, registers the entity + writes .cloudgrid/link.json
+grid plug                       # build + deploy, async — live URL in ~2-3 min
+grid visibility set <slug> link # default is grid-only (403 outside the org)
+```
+
+Then open the URL: a search box over the document, ranked by embedding
+similarity. Replace `services/web/src/document.txt` with the user's content and
+re-run `grid plug` to re-seed (delete rows or bump the table if the document
+shrinks — the seed only tops up).
+
+## cloudgrid.yaml (active fields)
+
+```yaml
+name: simple-semantic-search
+description: Semantic search over a bundled document, backed by pgvector.
+icon: "🔎"
+
+needs:
+  vector: pgvector    # injects VECTOR_PGVECTOR_URL (+legacy PGVECTOR_URL)
+  ai: true            # embeddings via @cloudgrid-io/runtime, no API key
+
+services:
+  web:
+    type: node
+    path: /
+    health: /health   # 503 until the seed finishes
+```
+
+## services/web/package.json
+
+```json
+{
+  "name": "simple-semantic-search-web",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "private": true,
+  "description": "Semantic search over a bundled document on the CloudGrid vector substrate (pgvector).",
+  "main": "src/index.js",
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node src/index.js"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@cloudgrid-io/runtime": "^1.0.3",
+    "express": "^4.21.2",
+    "pg": "^8.13.0"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## services/web/src/index.js
+
+```js
+'use strict';
+
+// Simple semantic search — single-service reference for the CloudGrid managed vector
+// substrate (pgvector) + the platform embeddings endpoint.
+//
+// On startup it embeds the bundled document (one vector per passage)
+// via runtime.ai.embeddings and stores the vectors in the entity's own pgvector
+// schema. POST /search embeds the query and returns the nearest passages by
+// cosine distance. No keyword matching — relevance comes entirely from the
+// embeddings.
+
+const fs = require('fs');
+const path = require('path');
+const express = require('express');
+const { Client } = require('pg');
+const { runtime } = require('@cloudgrid-io/runtime');
+
+const PORT = process.env.PORT || 8080;
+const PGVECTOR_URL = process.env.VECTOR_PGVECTOR_URL || process.env.PGVECTOR_URL;
+
+// One passage per non-empty paragraph in the article.
+function loadChunks() {
+  const raw = fs.readFileSync(path.join(__dirname, 'document.txt'), 'utf8');
+  return raw
+    .split(/\n\s*\n/)
+    .map((p) => p.replace(/\s+/g, ' ').trim())
+    .filter((p) => p.length > 0);
+}
+
+// Format a JS number[] as a pgvector literal: '[0.1,0.2,...]'.
+function toVectorLiteral(values) {
+  return '[' + values.join(',') + ']';
+}
+
+let seeded = false;
+let seedError = null;
+let chunkCount = 0;
+let embeddingDim = 0;
+
+async function connect() {
+  if (!PGVECTOR_URL) {
+    throw new Error('VECTOR_PGVECTOR_URL is not set — the vector need did not provision');
+  }
+  const client = new Client({ connectionString: PGVECTOR_URL });
+  await client.connect();
+  return client;
+}
+
+// Idempotent seed: ensure the extension + table exist, sized to the embedding
+// model's actual output length, and populate the table once.
+async function seed() {
+  const chunks = loadChunks();
+  const client = await connect();
+  try {
+    await client.query('CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS vector');
+
+    // Size the column to the model's real output length — embed a probe first.
+    const probe = await runtime.ai.embeddings({ text: chunks[0] });
+    embeddingDim = probe.dim;
+    console.log(`[seed] embedding model=${probe.model} dim=${embeddingDim}`);
+
+    await client.query(
+      `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS chunks (
+         id integer PRIMARY KEY,
+         chunk text NOT NULL,
+         embedding vector(${embeddingDim}) NOT NULL
+       )`,
+    );
+
+    const { rows } = await client.query('SELECT count(*)::int AS n FROM chunks');
+    const existing = rows[0].n;
+    if (existing >= chunks.length) {
+      chunkCount = existing;
+      console.log(`[seed] already populated with ${existing} chunks — skipping embed`);
+      seeded = true;
+      return;
+    }
+
+    console.log(`[seed] embedding ${chunks.length} chunks`);
+    // Batch-embed every passage in input order.
+    const vectors = await runtime.ai.embeddings({ text: chunks });
+    for (let i = 0; i < chunks.length; i++) {
+      const literal = toVectorLiteral(vectors[i].values);
+      await client.query(
+        `INSERT INTO chunks (id, chunk, embedding)
+         VALUES ($1, $2, $3::vector)
+         ON CONFLICT (id) DO UPDATE SET chunk = EXCLUDED.chunk, embedding = EXCLUDED.embedding`,
+        [i, chunks[i], literal],
+      );
+      console.log(`[seed] inserted chunk ${i + 1}/${chunks.length}`);
+    }
+    chunkCount = chunks.length;
+    seeded = true;
+    console.log(`[seed] done — ${chunkCount} chunks stored`);
+  } finally {
+    await client.end().catch(() => {});
+  }
+}
+
+async function search(query, limit = 5) {
+  const q = await runtime.ai.embeddings({ text: query });
+  const literal = toVectorLiteral(q.values);
+  const client = await connect();
+  try {
+    const { rows } = await client.query(
+      `SELECT chunk, 1 - (embedding <=> $1::vector) AS score
+         FROM chunks
+         ORDER BY embedding <=> $1::vector
+         LIMIT $2`,
+      [literal, limit],
+    );
+    return rows.map((r) => ({ chunk: r.chunk, score: Number(r.score) }));
+  } finally {
+    await client.end().catch(() => {});
+  }
+}
+
+const app = express();
+app.use(express.json());
+
+app.get('/health', (_req, res) => {
+  // Return not-ready until the seed completes so the platform's readiness probe
+  // holds the pod out of traffic until search actually works.
+  if (seedError) return res.status(500).json({ status: 'seed_failed', error: seedError });
+  if (!seeded) return res.status(503).json({ status: 'seeding' });
+  res.json({ status: 'ok', chunks: chunkCount, dim: embeddingDim });
+});
+
+app.post('/search', async (req, res) => {
+  const query = req.body && typeof req.body.query === 'string' ? req.body.query.trim() : '';
+  if (!query) return res.status(400).json({ error: 'Provide a query string.' });
+  if (!seeded) return res.status(503).json({ error: 'The index is still loading. Try again shortly.' });
+  try {
+    const results = await search(query);
+    res.json({ query, results });
+  } catch (err) {
+    console.error('[search] failed', err);
+    res.status(500).json({ error: 'Search failed.' });
+  }
+});
+
+app.get('/', (_req, res) => {
+  res.type('html').send(PAGE);
+});
+
+const PAGE = `<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta charset="utf-8" />
+<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
+<title>Semantic search</title>
+<style>
+  :root { color-scheme: light; }
+  * { box-sizing: border-box; }
+  body { margin: 0; font: 16px/1.5 -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif; color: #1a1a1a; background: #fafafa; }
+  main { max-width: 680px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 48px 20px 80px; }
+  h1 { font-size: 24px; margin: 0 0 4px; }
+  p.lede { color: #555; margin: 0 0 28px; }
+  form { display: flex; gap: 8px; margin-bottom: 24px; }
+  input { flex: 1; padding: 12px 14px; font-size: 16px; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 8px; background: #fff; }
+  input:focus { outline: none; border-color: #888; }
+  button { padding: 12px 20px; font-size: 16px; border: none; border-radius: 8px; background: #1a1a1a; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; }
+  button:disabled { opacity: .5; cursor: default; }
+  .result { padding: 16px 0; border-top: 1px solid #eee; }
+  .result .score { font-size: 13px; color: #888; margin-bottom: 4px; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
+  .result .text { margin: 0; }
+  .status { color: #888; font-size: 14px; }
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<main>
+  <h1>Semantic search</h1>
+  <p class="lede">Search the document by meaning. Results are ranked by embedding similarity, not keyword match.</p>
+  <form id="f">
+    <input id="q" type="text" placeholder="Ask a question about the document" autocomplete="off" />
+    <button id="b" type="submit">Search</button>
+  </form>
+  <div id="out"></div>
+</main>
+<script>
+  var f = document.getElementById('f');
+  var q = document.getElementById('q');
+  var b = document.getElementById('b');
+  var out = document.getElementById('out');
+  f.addEventListener('submit', function (e) {
+    e.preventDefault();
+    var query = q.value.trim();
+    if (!query) return;
+    b.disabled = true;
+    out.innerHTML = '<p class="status">Searching.</p>';
+    fetch('/search', {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      body: JSON.stringify({ query: query }),
+    })
+      .then(function (r) { return r.json(); })
+      .then(function (data) {
+        b.disabled = false;
+        if (!data.results || !data.results.length) {
+          out.innerHTML = '<p class="status">No results.</p>';
+          return;
+        }
+        out.innerHTML = data.results.map(function (r) {
+          return '<div class="result"><div class="score">score ' + r.score.toFixed(3) +
+            '</div><p class="text">' + r.chunk.replace(/</g, '&lt;') + '</p></div>';
+        }).join('');
+      })
+      .catch(function () {
+        b.disabled = false;
+        out.innerHTML = '<p class="status">Search failed. Try again.</p>';
+      });
+  });
+</script>
+</body>
+</html>`;
+
+app.listen(PORT, () => {
+  console.log(`simple-semantic-search listening on ${PORT}`);
+  // Seed in the background so the HTTP server binds immediately (the platform's
+  // startup probe wants the port open). /health reports seeding progress.
+  seed().catch((err) => {
+    seedError = String((err && err.message) || err);
+    console.error('[seed] FAILED', err);
+  });
+});
+```
+
+## services/web/src/document.txt
+
+Any plain-text document, one passage per blank-line-separated paragraph. The
+template ships a short factual solar-system article so the demo answers
+questions like "which planet is the hottest?" — replace it with the user's
+content.

package/src/corpus/templates/simple-semantic-search/services/web/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "name": "simple-semantic-search-web",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "private": true,
+  "description": "Semantic search over a bundled document on the CloudGrid vector substrate (pgvector).",
+  "main": "src/index.js",
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node src/index.js"
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "@cloudgrid-io/runtime": "^1.0.3",
+    "express": "^4.21.2",
+    "pg": "^8.13.0"
+  }
+}

package/src/corpus/templates/simple-semantic-search/services/web/src/document.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+The solar system formed about 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational
+collapse of a giant molecular cloud. Most of the collapsing mass gathered at
+the center to form the Sun, while the rest flattened into a disk from which
+the planets, moons, and asteroids emerged.
+
+Mercury is the smallest planet and the closest to the Sun. Despite that, it is
+not the hottest: it has almost no atmosphere to trap heat, so its night side
+plunges to minus 180 degrees Celsius.
+
+Venus is the hottest planet. Its thick carbon-dioxide atmosphere creates a
+runaway greenhouse effect that keeps the surface near 465 degrees Celsius, hot
+enough to melt lead, day and night alike.
+
+Earth is the only planet known to support life. Liquid water covers about 71
+percent of its surface, and its magnetic field shields the atmosphere from the
+solar wind.
+
+Mars is a cold desert world with the largest volcano in the solar system,
+Olympus Mons, which stands about three times the height of Mount Everest.
+Evidence suggests liquid water flowed on Mars billions of years ago.
+
+Jupiter is the largest planet, with more than twice the mass of all the other
+planets combined. Its Great Red Spot is a storm larger than Earth that has
+raged for at least 300 years.
+
+Saturn is famous for its rings, which are made mostly of water ice. The rings
+span up to 282,000 kilometers across but are on average only about 10 meters
+thick.
+
+Uranus rotates on its side, with an axial tilt of about 98 degrees, probably
+the result of a giant collision early in its history. Its seasons each last
+about 21 Earth years.
+
+Neptune is the windiest planet, with gusts reaching 2,100 kilometers per hour.
+It was the first planet located through mathematical prediction rather than
+direct observation.
+
+Pluto, reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006, orbits in the Kuiper Belt. It
+has five known moons, and its largest, Charon, is so big that the two bodies
+orbit a point in space between them.