@ckeditor/ckeditor5-ui 40.0.0 → 40.1.0

package/src/template.js

@@ -1,1294 +1,1294 @@
-/**
- * @license Copyright (c) 2003-2023, CKSource Holding sp. z o.o. All rights reserved.
- * For licensing, see LICENSE.md or https://ckeditor.com/legal/ckeditor-oss-license
- */
-/**
- * @module ui/template
- */
-/* global document */
-import View from './view';
-import ViewCollection from './viewcollection';
-import { CKEditorError, EmitterMixin, isNode, toArray } from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils';
-import { isObject, cloneDeepWith } from 'lodash-es';
-const xhtmlNs = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml';
-/**
- * A basic Template class. It renders a DOM HTML element or text from a
- * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition definition} and supports element attributes, children,
- * bindings to {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observables} and DOM event propagation.
- *
- * A simple template can look like this:
- *
- * ```ts
- * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
- *
- * new Template( {
- * 	tag: 'p',
- * 	attributes: {
- * 		class: 'foo',
- * 		style: {
- * 			backgroundColor: 'yellow'
- * 		}
- * 	},
- * 	on: {
- * 		click: bind.to( 'clicked' )
- * 	},
- * 	children: [
- * 		'A paragraph.'
- * 	]
- * } ).render();
- * ```
- *
- * and it will render the following HTML element:
- *
- * ```html
- * <p class="foo" style="background-color: yellow;">A paragraph.</p>
- * ```
- *
- * Additionally, the `observable` will always fire `clicked` upon clicking `<p>` in the DOM.
- *
- * See {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} to know more about templates and complex
- * template definitions.
- */
-export default class Template extends EmitterMixin() {
-    /**
-     * Creates an instance of the {@link ~Template} class.
-     *
-     * @param def The definition of the template.
-     */
-    constructor(def) {
-        super();
-        Object.assign(this, normalize(clone(def)));
-        this._isRendered = false;
-        this._revertData = null;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Renders a DOM Node (an HTML element or text) out of the template.
-     *
-     * ```ts
-     * const domNode = new Template( { ... } ).render();
-     * ```
-     *
-     * See: {@link #apply}.
-     */
-    render() {
-        const node = this._renderNode({
-            intoFragment: true
-        });
-        this._isRendered = true;
-        return node;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Applies the template to an existing DOM Node, either HTML element or text.
-     *
-     * **Note:** No new DOM nodes will be created. Applying extends:
-     *
-     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition attributes},
-     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition event listeners}, and
-     * `textContent` of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition children} only.
-     *
-     * **Note:** Existing `class` and `style` attributes are extended when a template
-     * is applied to an HTML element, while other attributes and `textContent` are overridden.
-     *
-     * **Note:** The process of applying a template can be easily reverted using the
-     * {@link module:ui/template~Template#revert} method.
-     *
-     * ```ts
-     * const element = document.createElement( 'div' );
-     * const observable = new Model( { divClass: 'my-div' } );
-     * const emitter = Object.create( EmitterMixin );
-     * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
-     *
-     * new Template( {
-     * 	attributes: {
-     * 		id: 'first-div',
-     * 		class: bind.to( 'divClass' )
-     * 	},
-     * 	on: {
-     * 		click: bind( 'elementClicked' ) // Will be fired by the observable.
-     * 	},
-     * 	children: [
-     * 		'Div text.'
-     * 	]
-     * } ).apply( element );
-     *
-     * console.log( element.outerHTML ); // -> '<div id="first-div" class="my-div"></div>'
-     * ```
-     *
-     * @see module:ui/template~Template#render
-     * @see module:ui/template~Template#revert
-     * @param node Root node for the template to apply.
-     */
-    apply(node) {
-        this._revertData = getEmptyRevertData();
-        this._renderNode({
-            node,
-            intoFragment: false,
-            isApplying: true,
-            revertData: this._revertData
-        });
-        return node;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Reverts a template {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply applied} to a DOM node.
-     *
-     * @param node The root node for the template to revert. In most of the cases, it is the
-     * same node used by {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply}.
-     */
-    revert(node) {
-        if (!this._revertData) {
-            /**
-             * Attempting to revert a template which has not been applied yet.
-             *
-             * @error ui-template-revert-not-applied
-             */
-            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-revert-not-applied', [this, node]);
-        }
-        this._revertTemplateFromNode(node, this._revertData);
-    }
-    /**
-     * Returns an iterator which traverses the template in search of {@link module:ui/view~View}
-     * instances and returns them one by one.
-     *
-     * ```ts
-     * const viewFoo = new View();
-     * const viewBar = new View();
-     * const viewBaz = new View();
-     * const template = new Template( {
-     * 	tag: 'div',
-     * 	children: [
-     * 		viewFoo,
-     * 		{
-     * 			tag: 'div',
-     * 			children: [
-     * 				viewBar
-     * 			]
-     * 		},
-     * 		viewBaz
-     * 	]
-     * } );
-     *
-     * // Logs: viewFoo, viewBar, viewBaz
-     * for ( const view of template.getViews() ) {
-     * 	console.log( view );
-     * }
-     * ```
-     */
-    *getViews() {
-        function* search(def) {
-            if (def.children) {
-                for (const child of def.children) {
-                    if (isView(child)) {
-                        yield child;
-                    }
-                    else if (isTemplate(child)) {
-                        yield* search(child);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        yield* search(this);
-    }
-    /**
-     * An entry point to the interface which binds DOM nodes to
-     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observables}.
-     * There are two types of bindings:
-     *
-     * * HTML element attributes or text `textContent` synchronized with attributes of an
-     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable}. Learn more about {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}
-     * and {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#if}.
-     *
-     * ```ts
-     * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
-     *
-     * new Template( {
-     * 	attributes: {
-     * 		// Binds the element "class" attribute to observable#classAttribute.
-     * 		class: bind.to( 'classAttribute' )
-     * 	}
-     * } ).render();
-     * ```
-     *
-     * * DOM events fired on HTML element propagated through
-     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable}. Learn more about {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}.
-     *
-     * ```ts
-     * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
-     *
-     * new Template( {
-     * 	on: {
-     * 		// Will be fired by the observable.
-     * 		click: bind( 'elementClicked' )
-     * 	}
-     * } ).render();
-     * ```
-     *
-     * Also see {@link module:ui/view~View#bindTemplate}.
-     *
-     * @param observable An observable which provides boundable attributes.
-     * @param emitter An emitter that listens to observable attribute
-     * changes or DOM Events (depending on the kind of the binding). Usually, a {@link module:ui/view~View} instance.
-     */
-    static bind(observable, emitter) {
-        return {
-            to(eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute, callback) {
-                return new TemplateToBinding({
-                    eventNameOrFunction: eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute,
-                    attribute: eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute,
-                    observable, emitter, callback
-                });
-            },
-            if(attribute, valueIfTrue, callback) {
-                return new TemplateIfBinding({
-                    observable, emitter, attribute, valueIfTrue, callback
-                });
-            }
-        };
-    }
-    /**
-     * Extends an existing {@link module:ui/template~Template} instance with some additional content
-     * from another {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
-     *
-     * ```ts
-     * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
-     *
-     * const template = new Template( {
-     * 	tag: 'p',
-     * 	attributes: {
-     * 		class: 'a',
-     * 		data-x: bind.to( 'foo' )
-     * 	},
-     * 	children: [
-     * 		{
-     * 			tag: 'span',
-     * 			attributes: {
-     * 				class: 'b'
-     * 			},
-     * 			children: [
-     * 				'Span'
-     * 			]
-     * 		}
-     * 	]
-     *  } );
-     *
-     * // Instance-level extension.
-     * Template.extend( template, {
-     * 	attributes: {
-     * 		class: 'b',
-     * 		data-x: bind.to( 'bar' )
-     * 	},
-     * 	children: [
-     * 		{
-     * 			attributes: {
-     * 				class: 'c'
-     * 			}
-     * 		}
-     * 	]
-     * } );
-     *
-     * // Child extension.
-     * Template.extend( template.children[ 0 ], {
-     * 	attributes: {
-     * 		class: 'd'
-     * 	}
-     * } );
-     * ```
-     *
-     * the `outerHTML` of `template.render()` is:
-     *
-     * ```html
-     * <p class="a b" data-x="{ observable.foo } { observable.bar }">
-     * 	<span class="b c d">Span</span>
-     * </p>
-     * ```
-     *
-     * @param template An existing template instance to be extended.
-     * @param def Additional definition to be applied to a template.
-     */
-    static extend(template, def) {
-        if (template._isRendered) {
-            /**
-             * Extending a template after rendering may not work as expected. To make sure
-             * the {@link module:ui/template~Template.extend extending} works for an element,
-             * make sure it happens before {@link module:ui/template~Template#render} is called.
-             *
-             * @error template-extend-render
-             */
-            throw new CKEditorError('template-extend-render', [this, template]);
-        }
-        extendTemplate(template, normalize(clone(def)));
-    }
-    /**
-     * Renders a DOM Node (either an HTML element or text) out of the template.
-     *
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     */
-    _renderNode(data) {
-        let isInvalid;
-        if (data.node) {
-            // When applying, a definition cannot have "tag" and "text" at the same time.
-            isInvalid = this.tag && this.text;
-        }
-        else {
-            // When rendering, a definition must have either "tag" or "text": XOR( this.tag, this.text ).
-            isInvalid = this.tag ? this.text : !this.text;
-        }
-        if (isInvalid) {
-            /**
-             * Node definition cannot have the "tag" and "text" properties at the same time.
-             * Node definition must have either "tag" or "text" when rendering a new Node.
-             *
-             * @error ui-template-wrong-syntax
-             */
-            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-wrong-syntax', this);
-        }
-        if (this.text) {
-            return this._renderText(data);
-        }
-        else {
-            return this._renderElement(data);
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * Renders an HTML element out of the template.
-     *
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     */
-    _renderElement(data) {
-        let node = data.node;
-        if (!node) {
-            node = data.node = document.createElementNS(this.ns || xhtmlNs, this.tag);
-        }
-        this._renderAttributes(data);
-        this._renderElementChildren(data);
-        this._setUpListeners(data);
-        return node;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Renders a text node out of {@link module:ui/template~Template#text}.
-     *
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     */
-    _renderText(data) {
-        let node = data.node;
-        // Save the original textContent to revert it in #revert().
-        if (node) {
-            data.revertData.text = node.textContent;
-        }
-        else {
-            node = data.node = document.createTextNode('');
-        }
-        // Check if this Text Node is bound to Observable. Cases:
-        //
-        //		text: [ Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ) ]
-        //
-        //		text: [
-        //			'foo',
-        //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ),
-        //			...
-        //		]
-        //
-        if (hasTemplateBinding(this.text)) {
-            this._bindToObservable({
-                schema: this.text,
-                updater: getTextUpdater(node),
-                data
-            });
-        }
-        // Simply set text. Cases:
-        //
-        //		text: [ 'all', 'are', 'static' ]
-        //
-        //		text: [ 'foo' ]
-        //
-        else {
-            node.textContent = this.text.join('');
-        }
-        return node;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Renders HTML element attributes out of {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes}.
-     *
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     */
-    _renderAttributes(data) {
-        if (!this.attributes) {
-            return;
-        }
-        const node = data.node;
-        const revertData = data.revertData;
-        for (const attrName in this.attributes) {
-            // Current attribute value in DOM.
-            const domAttrValue = node.getAttribute(attrName);
-            // The value to be set.
-            const attrValue = this.attributes[attrName];
-            // Save revert data.
-            if (revertData) {
-                revertData.attributes[attrName] = domAttrValue;
-            }
-            // Detect custom namespace:
-            //
-            //		class: {
-            //			ns: 'abc',
-            //			value: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
-            //		}
-            //
-            const attrNs = isNamespaced(attrValue) ? attrValue[0].ns : null;
-            // Activate binding if one is found. Cases:
-            //
-            //		class: [
-            //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
-            //		]
-            //
-            //		class: [
-            //			'bar',
-            //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ),
-            //			'baz'
-            //		]
-            //
-            //		class: {
-            //			ns: 'abc',
-            //			value: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
-            //		}
-            //
-            if (hasTemplateBinding(attrValue)) {
-                // Normalize attributes with additional data like namespace:
-                //
-                //		class: {
-                //			ns: 'abc',
-                //			value: [ ... ]
-                //		}
-                //
-                const valueToBind = isNamespaced(attrValue) ? attrValue[0].value : attrValue;
-                // Extend the original value of attributes like "style" and "class",
-                // don't override them.
-                if (revertData && shouldExtend(attrName)) {
-                    valueToBind.unshift(domAttrValue);
-                }
-                this._bindToObservable({
-                    schema: valueToBind,
-                    updater: getAttributeUpdater(node, attrName, attrNs),
-                    data
-                });
-            }
-            // Style attribute could be an Object so it needs to be parsed in a specific way.
-            //
-            //		style: {
-            //			width: '100px',
-            //			height: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
-            //		}
-            //
-            else if (attrName == 'style' && typeof attrValue[0] !== 'string') {
-                this._renderStyleAttribute(attrValue[0], data);
-            }
-            // Otherwise simply set the static attribute:
-            //
-            //		class: [ 'foo' ]
-            //
-            //		class: [ 'all', 'are', 'static' ]
-            //
-            //		class: [
-            //			{
-            //				ns: 'abc',
-            //				value: [ 'foo' ]
-            //			}
-            //		]
-            //
-            else {
-                // Extend the original value of attributes like "style" and "class",
-                // don't override them.
-                if (revertData && domAttrValue && shouldExtend(attrName)) {
-                    attrValue.unshift(domAttrValue);
-                }
-                const value = attrValue
-                    // Retrieve "values" from:
-                    //
-                    //		class: [
-                    //			{
-                    //				ns: 'abc',
-                    //				value: [ ... ]
-                    //			}
-                    //		]
-                    //
-                    .map((val) => val ? (val.value || val) : val)
-                    // Flatten the array.
-                    .reduce((prev, next) => prev.concat(next), [])
-                    // Convert into string.
-                    .reduce(arrayValueReducer, '');
-                if (!isFalsy(value)) {
-                    node.setAttributeNS(attrNs, attrName, value);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * Renders the `style` attribute of an HTML element based on
-     * {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes}.
-     *
-     * A style attribute is an object with static values:
-     *
-     * ```ts
-     * attributes: {
-     * 	style: {
-     * 		color: 'red'
-     * 	}
-     * }
-     * ```
-     *
-     * or values bound to {@link module:ui/model~Model} properties:
-     *
-     * ```ts
-     * attributes: {
-     * 	style: {
-     * 		color: bind.to( ... )
-     * 	}
-     * }
-     * ```
-     *
-     * Note: The `style` attribute is rendered without setting the namespace. It does not seem to be
-     * needed.
-     *
-     * @param styles Styles located in `attributes.style` of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     */
-    _renderStyleAttribute(styles, data) {
-        const node = data.node;
-        for (const styleName in styles) {
-            const styleValue = styles[styleName];
-            // Cases:
-            //
-            //		style: {
-            //			color: bind.to( 'attribute' )
-            //		}
-            //
-            if (hasTemplateBinding(styleValue)) {
-                this._bindToObservable({
-                    schema: [styleValue],
-                    updater: getStyleUpdater(node, styleName),
-                    data
-                });
-            }
-            // Cases:
-            //
-            //		style: {
-            //			color: 'red'
-            //		}
-            //
-            else {
-                node.style[styleName] = styleValue;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * Recursively renders HTML element's children from {@link module:ui/template~Template#children}.
-     *
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     */
-    _renderElementChildren(data) {
-        const node = data.node;
-        const container = data.intoFragment ? document.createDocumentFragment() : node;
-        const isApplying = data.isApplying;
-        let childIndex = 0;
-        for (const child of this.children) {
-            if (isViewCollection(child)) {
-                if (!isApplying) {
-                    child.setParent(node);
-                    // Note: ViewCollection renders its children.
-                    for (const view of child) {
-                        container.appendChild(view.element);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-            else if (isView(child)) {
-                if (!isApplying) {
-                    if (!child.isRendered) {
-                        child.render();
-                    }
-                    container.appendChild(child.element);
-                }
-            }
-            else if (isNode(child)) {
-                container.appendChild(child);
-            }
-            else {
-                if (isApplying) {
-                    const revertData = data.revertData;
-                    const childRevertData = getEmptyRevertData();
-                    revertData.children.push(childRevertData);
-                    child._renderNode({
-                        intoFragment: false,
-                        node: container.childNodes[childIndex++],
-                        isApplying: true,
-                        revertData: childRevertData
-                    });
-                }
-                else {
-                    container.appendChild(child.render());
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        if (data.intoFragment) {
-            node.appendChild(container);
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * Activates `on` event listeners from the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}
-     * on an HTML element.
-     *
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     */
-    _setUpListeners(data) {
-        if (!this.eventListeners) {
-            return;
-        }
-        for (const key in this.eventListeners) {
-            const revertBindings = this.eventListeners[key].map(schemaItem => {
-                const [domEvtName, domSelector] = key.split('@');
-                return schemaItem.activateDomEventListener(domEvtName, domSelector, data);
-            });
-            if (data.revertData) {
-                data.revertData.bindings.push(revertBindings);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * For a given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} containing {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}
-     * activates the binding and sets its initial value.
-     *
-     * Note: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} can be for HTML element attributes or
-     * text node `textContent`.
-     *
-     * @param options Binding options.
-     * @param options.updater A function which updates the DOM (like attribute or text).
-     * @param options.data Rendering data.
-     */
-    _bindToObservable({ schema, updater, data }) {
-        const revertData = data.revertData;
-        // Set initial values.
-        syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, data);
-        const revertBindings = schema
-            // Filter "falsy" (false, undefined, null, '') value schema components out.
-            .filter(item => !isFalsy(item))
-            // Filter inactive bindings from schema, like static strings ('foo'), numbers (42), etc.
-            .filter((item) => item.observable)
-            // Once only the actual binding are left, let the emitter listen to observable change:attribute event.
-            // TODO: Reduce the number of listeners attached as many bindings may listen
-            // to the same observable attribute.
-            .map(templateBinding => templateBinding.activateAttributeListener(schema, updater, data));
-        if (revertData) {
-            revertData.bindings.push(revertBindings);
-        }
-    }
-    /**
-     * Reverts {@link module:ui/template~RenderData#revertData template data} from a node to
-     * return it to the original state.
-     *
-     * @param node A node to be reverted.
-     * @param revertData An object that stores information about what changes have been made by
-     * {@link #apply} to the node. See {@link module:ui/template~RenderData#revertData} for more information.
-     */
-    _revertTemplateFromNode(node, revertData) {
-        for (const binding of revertData.bindings) {
-            // Each binding may consist of several observable+observable#attribute.
-            // like the following has 2:
-            //
-            //		class: [
-            //			'x',
-            //			bind.to( 'foo' ),
-            //			'y',
-            //			bind.to( 'bar' )
-            //		]
-            //
-            for (const revertBinding of binding) {
-                revertBinding();
-            }
-        }
-        if (revertData.text) {
-            node.textContent = revertData.text;
-            return;
-        }
-        const element = node;
-        for (const attrName in revertData.attributes) {
-            const attrValue = revertData.attributes[attrName];
-            // When the attribute has **not** been set before #apply().
-            if (attrValue === null) {
-                element.removeAttribute(attrName);
-            }
-            else {
-                element.setAttribute(attrName, attrValue);
-            }
-        }
-        for (let i = 0; i < revertData.children.length; ++i) {
-            this._revertTemplateFromNode(element.childNodes[i], revertData.children[i]);
-        }
-    }
-}
-/**
- * Describes a binding created by the {@link module:ui/template~Template.bind} interface.
- *
- * @internal
- */
-export class TemplateBinding {
-    /**
-     * Creates an instance of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} class.
-     *
-     * @param def The definition of the binding.
-     */
-    constructor(def) {
-        this.attribute = def.attribute;
-        this.observable = def.observable;
-        this.emitter = def.emitter;
-        this.callback = def.callback;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Returns the value of the binding. It is the value of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
-     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}. The value may be processed by the
-     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback}, if such has been passed to the binding.
-     *
-     * @param node A native DOM node, passed to the custom {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback}.
-     * @returns The value of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
-     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}.
-     */
-    getValue(node) {
-        const value = this.observable[this.attribute];
-        return this.callback ? this.callback(value, node) : value;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Activates the listener which waits for changes of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
-     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}, then updates the DOM with the aggregated
-     * value of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}.
-     *
-     * @param schema A full schema to generate an attribute or text in the DOM.
-     * @param updater A DOM updater function used to update the native DOM attribute or text.
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     * @returns A function to sever the listener binding.
-     */
-    activateAttributeListener(schema, updater, data) {
-        const callback = () => syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, data);
-        this.emitter.listenTo(this.observable, `change:${this.attribute}`, callback);
-        // Allows revert of the listener.
-        return () => {
-            this.emitter.stopListening(this.observable, `change:${this.attribute}`, callback);
-        };
-    }
-}
-/**
- * Describes either:
- *
- * * a binding to an {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable},
- * * or a native DOM event binding.
- *
- * It is created by the {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to} method.
- *
- * @internal
- */
-export class TemplateToBinding extends TemplateBinding {
-    constructor(def) {
-        super(def);
-        this.eventNameOrFunction = def.eventNameOrFunction;
-    }
-    /**
-     * Activates the listener for the native DOM event, which when fired, is propagated by
-     * the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#emitter}.
-     *
-     * @param domEvtName The name of the native DOM event.
-     * @param domSelector The selector in the DOM to filter delegated events.
-     * @param data Rendering data.
-     * @returns A function to sever the listener binding.
-     */
-    activateDomEventListener(domEvtName, domSelector, data) {
-        const callback = (evt, domEvt) => {
-            if (!domSelector || domEvt.target.matches(domSelector)) {
-                if (typeof this.eventNameOrFunction == 'function') {
-                    this.eventNameOrFunction(domEvt);
-                }
-                else {
-                    this.observable.fire(this.eventNameOrFunction, domEvt);
-                }
-            }
-        };
-        this.emitter.listenTo(data.node, domEvtName, callback);
-        // Allows revert of the listener.
-        return () => {
-            this.emitter.stopListening(data.node, domEvtName, callback);
-        };
-    }
-}
-/**
- * Describes a binding to {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} created by the {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#if}
- * method.
- *
- * @internal
- */
-export class TemplateIfBinding extends TemplateBinding {
-    constructor(def) {
-        super(def);
-        this.valueIfTrue = def.valueIfTrue;
-    }
-    /**
-     * @inheritDoc
-     */
-    getValue(node) {
-        const value = super.getValue(node);
-        return isFalsy(value) ? false : (this.valueIfTrue || true);
-    }
-}
-/**
- * Checks whether given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} contains a
- * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}.
- */
-function hasTemplateBinding(schema) {
-    if (!schema) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    // Normalize attributes with additional data like namespace:
-    //
-    //		class: {
-    //			ns: 'abc',
-    //			value: [ ... ]
-    //		}
-    //
-    if (schema.value) {
-        schema = schema.value;
-    }
-    if (Array.isArray(schema)) {
-        return schema.some(hasTemplateBinding);
-    }
-    else if (schema instanceof TemplateBinding) {
-        return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-/**
- * Assembles the value using {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} and stores it in a form of
- * an Array. Each entry of the Array corresponds to one of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}
- * items.
- *
- * @param node DOM Node updated when {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} changes.
- */
-function getValueSchemaValue(schema, node) {
-    return schema.map(schemaItem => {
-        // Process {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} bindings.
-        if (schemaItem instanceof TemplateBinding) {
-            return schemaItem.getValue(node);
-        }
-        // All static values like strings, numbers, and "falsy" values (false, null, undefined, '', etc.) just pass.
-        return schemaItem;
-    });
-}
-/**
- * A function executed each time the bound Observable attribute changes, which updates the DOM with a value
- * constructed from {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}.
- *
- * @param updater A function which updates the DOM (like attribute or text).
- * @param node DOM Node updated when {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} changes.
- */
-function syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, { node }) {
-    const values = getValueSchemaValue(schema, node);
-    let value;
-    // Check if schema is a single Template.bind.if, like:
-    //
-    //		class: Template.bind.if( 'foo' )
-    //
-    if (schema.length == 1 && schema[0] instanceof TemplateIfBinding) {
-        value = values[0];
-    }
-    else {
-        value = values.reduce(arrayValueReducer, '');
-    }
-    if (isFalsy(value)) {
-        updater.remove();
-    }
-    else {
-        updater.set(value);
-    }
-}
-/**
- * Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
- * can be used in the context of DOM Node to set or reset `textContent`.
- * @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
- *
- * @param node DOM Node to be modified.
- */
-function getTextUpdater(node) {
-    return {
-        set(value) {
-            node.textContent = value;
-        },
-        remove() {
-            node.textContent = '';
-        }
-    };
-}
-/**
- * Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
- * can be used in the context of DOM Node to set or reset an attribute.
- * @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
- *
- * @param el DOM Node to be modified.
- * @param attrName Name of the attribute to be modified.
- * @param ns Namespace to use.
- */
-function getAttributeUpdater(el, attrName, ns) {
-    return {
-        set(value) {
-            el.setAttributeNS(ns, attrName, value);
-        },
-        remove() {
-            el.removeAttributeNS(ns, attrName);
-        }
-    };
-}
-/**
- * Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
- * can be used in the context of CSSStyleDeclaration to set or remove a style.
- * @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
- *
- * @param el DOM Node to be modified.
- * @param styleName Name of the style to be modified.
- */
-function getStyleUpdater(el, styleName) {
-    return {
-        set(value) {
-            el.style[styleName] = value;
-        },
-        remove() {
-            el.style[styleName] = null;
-        }
-    };
-}
-/**
- * Clones definition of the template.
- */
-function clone(def) {
-    const clone = cloneDeepWith(def, value => {
-        // Don't clone the `Template.bind`* bindings because of the references to Observable
-        // and DomEmitterMixin instances inside, which would also be traversed and cloned by greedy
-        // cloneDeepWith algorithm. There's no point in cloning Observable/DomEmitterMixins
-        // along with the definition.
-        //
-        // Don't clone Template instances if provided as a child. They're simply #render()ed
-        // and nothing should interfere.
-        //
-        // Also don't clone View instances if provided as a child of the Template. The template
-        // instance will be extracted from the View during the normalization and there's no need
-        // to clone it.
-        if (value && (value instanceof TemplateBinding || isTemplate(value) || isView(value) || isViewCollection(value))) {
-            return value;
-        }
-    });
-    return clone;
-}
-/**
- * Normalizes given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
- *
- * See:
- *  * {@link normalizeAttributes}
- *  * {@link normalizeListeners}
- *  * {@link normalizePlainTextDefinition}
- *  * {@link normalizeTextDefinition}
- *
- * @param def A template definition.
- * @returns Normalized definition.
- */
-function normalize(def) {
-    if (typeof def == 'string') {
-        def = normalizePlainTextDefinition(def);
-    }
-    else if (def.text) {
-        normalizeTextDefinition(def);
-    }
-    if (def.on) {
-        def.eventListeners = normalizeListeners(def.on);
-        // Template mixes EmitterMixin, so delete #on to avoid collision.
-        delete def.on;
-    }
-    if (!def.text) {
-        if (def.attributes) {
-            normalizeAttributes(def.attributes);
-        }
-        const children = [];
-        if (def.children) {
-            if (isViewCollection(def.children)) {
-                children.push(def.children);
-            }
-            else {
-                for (const child of def.children) {
-                    if (isTemplate(child) || isView(child) || isNode(child)) {
-                        children.push(child);
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        children.push(new Template(child));
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        def.children = children;
-    }
-    return def;
-}
-/**
- * Normalizes "attributes" section of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
- *
- * ```
- * attributes: {
- * 	a: 'bar',
- * 	b: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding},
- * 	c: {
- * 		value: 'bar'
- * 	}
- * }
- * ```
- *
- * becomes
- *
- * ```
- * attributes: {
- * 	a: [ 'bar' ],
- * 	b: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} ],
- * 	c: {
- * 		value: [ 'bar' ]
- * 	}
- * }
- * ```
- */
-function normalizeAttributes(attributes) {
-    for (const a in attributes) {
-        if (attributes[a].value) {
-            attributes[a].value = toArray(attributes[a].value);
-        }
-        arrayify(attributes, a);
-    }
-}
-/**
- * Normalizes "on" section of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
- *
- * ```
- * on: {
- * 	a: 'bar',
- * 	b: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding},
- * 	c: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}, () => { ... } ]
- * }
- * ```
- *
- * becomes
- *
- * ```
- * on: {
- * 	a: [ 'bar' ],
- * 	b: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} ],
- * 	c: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}, () => { ... } ]
- * }
- * ```
- *
- * @returns Object containing normalized listeners.
- */
-function normalizeListeners(listeners) {
-    for (const l in listeners) {
-        arrayify(listeners, l);
-    }
-    return listeners;
-}
-/**
- * Normalizes "string" {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
- *
- * ```
- * "foo"
- * ```
- *
- * becomes
- *
- * ```
- * { text: [ 'foo' ] },
- * ```
- *
- * @returns Normalized template definition.
- */
-function normalizePlainTextDefinition(def) {
-    return {
-        text: [def]
-    };
-}
-/**
- * Normalizes text {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
- *
- * ```
- * children: [
- * 	{ text: 'def' },
- * 	{ text: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} }
- * ]
- * ```
- *
- * becomes
- *
- * ```
- * children: [
- * 	{ text: [ 'def' ] },
- * 	{ text: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} ] }
- * ]
- * ```
- */
-function normalizeTextDefinition(def) {
-    def.text = toArray(def.text);
-}
-/**
- * Wraps an entry in Object in an Array, if not already one.
- *
- * ```
- * {
- * 	x: 'y',
- * 	a: [ 'b' ]
- * }
- * ```
- *
- * becomes
- *
- * ```
- * {
- * 	x: [ 'y' ],
- * 	a: [ 'b' ]
- * }
- * ```
- */
-function arrayify(obj, key) {
-    obj[key] = toArray(obj[key]);
-}
-/**
- * A helper which concatenates the value avoiding unwanted
- * leading white spaces.
- */
-function arrayValueReducer(prev, cur) {
-    if (isFalsy(cur)) {
-        return prev;
-    }
-    else if (isFalsy(prev)) {
-        return cur;
-    }
-    else {
-        return `${prev} ${cur}`;
-    }
-}
-/**
- * Extends one object defined in the following format:
- *
- * ```
- * {
- * 	key1: [Array1],
- * 	key2: [Array2],
- * 	...
- * 	keyN: [ArrayN]
- * }
- * ```
- *
- * with another object of the same data format.
- *
- * @param obj Base object.
- * @param ext Object extending base.
- */
-function extendObjectValueArray(obj, ext) {
-    for (const a in ext) {
-        if (obj[a]) {
-            obj[a].push(...ext[a]);
-        }
-        else {
-            obj[a] = ext[a];
-        }
-    }
-}
-/**
- * A helper for {@link module:ui/template~Template#extend}. Recursively extends {@link module:ui/template~Template} instance
- * with content from {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}. See {@link module:ui/template~Template#extend} to learn more.
- *
- * @param def A template instance to be extended.
- * @param def A definition which is to extend the template instance.
- * @param Error context.
- */
-function extendTemplate(template, def) {
-    if (def.attributes) {
-        if (!template.attributes) {
-            template.attributes = {};
-        }
-        extendObjectValueArray(template.attributes, def.attributes);
-    }
-    if (def.eventListeners) {
-        if (!template.eventListeners) {
-            template.eventListeners = {};
-        }
-        extendObjectValueArray(template.eventListeners, def.eventListeners);
-    }
-    if (def.text) {
-        template.text.push(...def.text);
-    }
-    if (def.children && def.children.length) {
-        if (template.children.length != def.children.length) {
-            /**
-             * The number of children in extended definition does not match.
-             *
-             * @error ui-template-extend-children-mismatch
-             */
-            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-extend-children-mismatch', template);
-        }
-        let childIndex = 0;
-        for (const childDef of def.children) {
-            extendTemplate(template.children[childIndex++], childDef);
-        }
-    }
-}
-/**
- * Checks if value is "falsy".
- * Note: 0 (Number) is not "falsy" in this context.
- *
- * @param value Value to be checked.
- */
-function isFalsy(value) {
-    return !value && value !== 0;
-}
-/**
- * Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/view~View}
- *
- * @param value Value to be checked.
- */
-function isView(item) {
-    return item instanceof View;
-}
-/**
- * Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/template~Template}
- *
- * @param value Value to be checked.
- */
-function isTemplate(item) {
-    return item instanceof Template;
-}
-/**
- * Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/viewcollection~ViewCollection}
- *
- * @param value Value to be checked.
- */
-function isViewCollection(item) {
-    return item instanceof ViewCollection;
-}
-/**
- * Checks if value array contains the one with namespace.
- */
-function isNamespaced(attrValue) {
-    return isObject(attrValue[0]) && attrValue[0].ns;
-}
-/**
- * Creates an empty skeleton for {@link module:ui/template~Template#revert}
- * data.
- */
-function getEmptyRevertData() {
-    return {
-        children: [],
-        bindings: [],
-        attributes: {}
-    };
-}
-/**
- * Checks whether an attribute should be extended when
- * {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply} is called.
- *
- * @param attrName Attribute name to check.
- */
-function shouldExtend(attrName) {
-    return attrName == 'class' || attrName == 'style';
-}
+/**
+ * @license Copyright (c) 2003-2023, CKSource Holding sp. z o.o. All rights reserved.
+ * For licensing, see LICENSE.md or https://ckeditor.com/legal/ckeditor-oss-license
+ */
+/**
+ * @module ui/template
+ */
+/* global document */
+import View from './view';
+import ViewCollection from './viewcollection';
+import { CKEditorError, EmitterMixin, isNode, toArray } from '@ckeditor/ckeditor5-utils';
+import { isObject, cloneDeepWith } from 'lodash-es';
+const xhtmlNs = 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml';
+/**
+ * A basic Template class. It renders a DOM HTML element or text from a
+ * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition definition} and supports element attributes, children,
+ * bindings to {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observables} and DOM event propagation.
+ *
+ * A simple template can look like this:
+ *
+ * ```ts
+ * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+ *
+ * new Template( {
+ * 	tag: 'p',
+ * 	attributes: {
+ * 		class: 'foo',
+ * 		style: {
+ * 			backgroundColor: 'yellow'
+ * 		}
+ * 	},
+ * 	on: {
+ * 		click: bind.to( 'clicked' )
+ * 	},
+ * 	children: [
+ * 		'A paragraph.'
+ * 	]
+ * } ).render();
+ * ```
+ *
+ * and it will render the following HTML element:
+ *
+ * ```html
+ * <p class="foo" style="background-color: yellow;">A paragraph.</p>
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Additionally, the `observable` will always fire `clicked` upon clicking `<p>` in the DOM.
+ *
+ * See {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition} to know more about templates and complex
+ * template definitions.
+ */
+export default class Template extends EmitterMixin() {
+    /**
+     * Creates an instance of the {@link ~Template} class.
+     *
+     * @param def The definition of the template.
+     */
+    constructor(def) {
+        super();
+        Object.assign(this, normalize(clone(def)));
+        this._isRendered = false;
+        this._revertData = null;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders a DOM Node (an HTML element or text) out of the template.
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * const domNode = new Template( { ... } ).render();
+     * ```
+     *
+     * See: {@link #apply}.
+     */
+    render() {
+        const node = this._renderNode({
+            intoFragment: true
+        });
+        this._isRendered = true;
+        return node;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Applies the template to an existing DOM Node, either HTML element or text.
+     *
+     * **Note:** No new DOM nodes will be created. Applying extends:
+     *
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition attributes},
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition event listeners}, and
+     * `textContent` of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition children} only.
+     *
+     * **Note:** Existing `class` and `style` attributes are extended when a template
+     * is applied to an HTML element, while other attributes and `textContent` are overridden.
+     *
+     * **Note:** The process of applying a template can be easily reverted using the
+     * {@link module:ui/template~Template#revert} method.
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * const element = document.createElement( 'div' );
+     * const observable = new Model( { divClass: 'my-div' } );
+     * const emitter = Object.create( EmitterMixin );
+     * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+     *
+     * new Template( {
+     * 	attributes: {
+     * 		id: 'first-div',
+     * 		class: bind.to( 'divClass' )
+     * 	},
+     * 	on: {
+     * 		click: bind( 'elementClicked' ) // Will be fired by the observable.
+     * 	},
+     * 	children: [
+     * 		'Div text.'
+     * 	]
+     * } ).apply( element );
+     *
+     * console.log( element.outerHTML ); // -> '<div id="first-div" class="my-div"></div>'
+     * ```
+     *
+     * @see module:ui/template~Template#render
+     * @see module:ui/template~Template#revert
+     * @param node Root node for the template to apply.
+     */
+    apply(node) {
+        this._revertData = getEmptyRevertData();
+        this._renderNode({
+            node,
+            intoFragment: false,
+            isApplying: true,
+            revertData: this._revertData
+        });
+        return node;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Reverts a template {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply applied} to a DOM node.
+     *
+     * @param node The root node for the template to revert. In most of the cases, it is the
+     * same node used by {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply}.
+     */
+    revert(node) {
+        if (!this._revertData) {
+            /**
+             * Attempting to revert a template which has not been applied yet.
+             *
+             * @error ui-template-revert-not-applied
+             */
+            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-revert-not-applied', [this, node]);
+        }
+        this._revertTemplateFromNode(node, this._revertData);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Returns an iterator which traverses the template in search of {@link module:ui/view~View}
+     * instances and returns them one by one.
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * const viewFoo = new View();
+     * const viewBar = new View();
+     * const viewBaz = new View();
+     * const template = new Template( {
+     * 	tag: 'div',
+     * 	children: [
+     * 		viewFoo,
+     * 		{
+     * 			tag: 'div',
+     * 			children: [
+     * 				viewBar
+     * 			]
+     * 		},
+     * 		viewBaz
+     * 	]
+     * } );
+     *
+     * // Logs: viewFoo, viewBar, viewBaz
+     * for ( const view of template.getViews() ) {
+     * 	console.log( view );
+     * }
+     * ```
+     */
+    *getViews() {
+        function* search(def) {
+            if (def.children) {
+                for (const child of def.children) {
+                    if (isView(child)) {
+                        yield child;
+                    }
+                    else if (isTemplate(child)) {
+                        yield* search(child);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        yield* search(this);
+    }
+    /**
+     * An entry point to the interface which binds DOM nodes to
+     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable observables}.
+     * There are two types of bindings:
+     *
+     * * HTML element attributes or text `textContent` synchronized with attributes of an
+     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable}. Learn more about {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}
+     * and {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#if}.
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+     *
+     * new Template( {
+     * 	attributes: {
+     * 		// Binds the element "class" attribute to observable#classAttribute.
+     * 		class: bind.to( 'classAttribute' )
+     * 	}
+     * } ).render();
+     * ```
+     *
+     * * DOM events fired on HTML element propagated through
+     * {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable}. Learn more about {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to}.
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+     *
+     * new Template( {
+     * 	on: {
+     * 		// Will be fired by the observable.
+     * 		click: bind( 'elementClicked' )
+     * 	}
+     * } ).render();
+     * ```
+     *
+     * Also see {@link module:ui/view~View#bindTemplate}.
+     *
+     * @param observable An observable which provides boundable attributes.
+     * @param emitter An emitter that listens to observable attribute
+     * changes or DOM Events (depending on the kind of the binding). Usually, a {@link module:ui/view~View} instance.
+     */
+    static bind(observable, emitter) {
+        return {
+            to(eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute, callback) {
+                return new TemplateToBinding({
+                    eventNameOrFunction: eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute,
+                    attribute: eventNameOrFunctionOrAttribute,
+                    observable, emitter, callback
+                });
+            },
+            if(attribute, valueIfTrue, callback) {
+                return new TemplateIfBinding({
+                    observable, emitter, attribute, valueIfTrue, callback
+                });
+            }
+        };
+    }
+    /**
+     * Extends an existing {@link module:ui/template~Template} instance with some additional content
+     * from another {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * const bind = Template.bind( observable, emitter );
+     *
+     * const template = new Template( {
+     * 	tag: 'p',
+     * 	attributes: {
+     * 		class: 'a',
+     * 		data-x: bind.to( 'foo' )
+     * 	},
+     * 	children: [
+     * 		{
+     * 			tag: 'span',
+     * 			attributes: {
+     * 				class: 'b'
+     * 			},
+     * 			children: [
+     * 				'Span'
+     * 			]
+     * 		}
+     * 	]
+     *  } );
+     *
+     * // Instance-level extension.
+     * Template.extend( template, {
+     * 	attributes: {
+     * 		class: 'b',
+     * 		data-x: bind.to( 'bar' )
+     * 	},
+     * 	children: [
+     * 		{
+     * 			attributes: {
+     * 				class: 'c'
+     * 			}
+     * 		}
+     * 	]
+     * } );
+     *
+     * // Child extension.
+     * Template.extend( template.children[ 0 ], {
+     * 	attributes: {
+     * 		class: 'd'
+     * 	}
+     * } );
+     * ```
+     *
+     * the `outerHTML` of `template.render()` is:
+     *
+     * ```html
+     * <p class="a b" data-x="{ observable.foo } { observable.bar }">
+     * 	<span class="b c d">Span</span>
+     * </p>
+     * ```
+     *
+     * @param template An existing template instance to be extended.
+     * @param def Additional definition to be applied to a template.
+     */
+    static extend(template, def) {
+        if (template._isRendered) {
+            /**
+             * Extending a template after rendering may not work as expected. To make sure
+             * the {@link module:ui/template~Template.extend extending} works for an element,
+             * make sure it happens before {@link module:ui/template~Template#render} is called.
+             *
+             * @error template-extend-render
+             */
+            throw new CKEditorError('template-extend-render', [this, template]);
+        }
+        extendTemplate(template, normalize(clone(def)));
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders a DOM Node (either an HTML element or text) out of the template.
+     *
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderNode(data) {
+        let isInvalid;
+        if (data.node) {
+            // When applying, a definition cannot have "tag" and "text" at the same time.
+            isInvalid = this.tag && this.text;
+        }
+        else {
+            // When rendering, a definition must have either "tag" or "text": XOR( this.tag, this.text ).
+            isInvalid = this.tag ? this.text : !this.text;
+        }
+        if (isInvalid) {
+            /**
+             * Node definition cannot have the "tag" and "text" properties at the same time.
+             * Node definition must have either "tag" or "text" when rendering a new Node.
+             *
+             * @error ui-template-wrong-syntax
+             */
+            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-wrong-syntax', this);
+        }
+        if (this.text) {
+            return this._renderText(data);
+        }
+        else {
+            return this._renderElement(data);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders an HTML element out of the template.
+     *
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderElement(data) {
+        let node = data.node;
+        if (!node) {
+            node = data.node = document.createElementNS(this.ns || xhtmlNs, this.tag);
+        }
+        this._renderAttributes(data);
+        this._renderElementChildren(data);
+        this._setUpListeners(data);
+        return node;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders a text node out of {@link module:ui/template~Template#text}.
+     *
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderText(data) {
+        let node = data.node;
+        // Save the original textContent to revert it in #revert().
+        if (node) {
+            data.revertData.text = node.textContent;
+        }
+        else {
+            node = data.node = document.createTextNode('');
+        }
+        // Check if this Text Node is bound to Observable. Cases:
+        //
+        //		text: [ Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ) ]
+        //
+        //		text: [
+        //			'foo',
+        //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ),
+        //			...
+        //		]
+        //
+        if (hasTemplateBinding(this.text)) {
+            this._bindToObservable({
+                schema: this.text,
+                updater: getTextUpdater(node),
+                data
+            });
+        }
+        // Simply set text. Cases:
+        //
+        //		text: [ 'all', 'are', 'static' ]
+        //
+        //		text: [ 'foo' ]
+        //
+        else {
+            node.textContent = this.text.join('');
+        }
+        return node;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders HTML element attributes out of {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes}.
+     *
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderAttributes(data) {
+        if (!this.attributes) {
+            return;
+        }
+        const node = data.node;
+        const revertData = data.revertData;
+        for (const attrName in this.attributes) {
+            // Current attribute value in DOM.
+            const domAttrValue = node.getAttribute(attrName);
+            // The value to be set.
+            const attrValue = this.attributes[attrName];
+            // Save revert data.
+            if (revertData) {
+                revertData.attributes[attrName] = domAttrValue;
+            }
+            // Detect custom namespace:
+            //
+            //		class: {
+            //			ns: 'abc',
+            //			value: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
+            //		}
+            //
+            const attrNs = isNamespaced(attrValue) ? attrValue[0].ns : null;
+            // Activate binding if one is found. Cases:
+            //
+            //		class: [
+            //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
+            //		]
+            //
+            //		class: [
+            //			'bar',
+            //			Template.bind( ... ).to( ... ),
+            //			'baz'
+            //		]
+            //
+            //		class: {
+            //			ns: 'abc',
+            //			value: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
+            //		}
+            //
+            if (hasTemplateBinding(attrValue)) {
+                // Normalize attributes with additional data like namespace:
+                //
+                //		class: {
+                //			ns: 'abc',
+                //			value: [ ... ]
+                //		}
+                //
+                const valueToBind = isNamespaced(attrValue) ? attrValue[0].value : attrValue;
+                // Extend the original value of attributes like "style" and "class",
+                // don't override them.
+                if (revertData && shouldExtend(attrName)) {
+                    valueToBind.unshift(domAttrValue);
+                }
+                this._bindToObservable({
+                    schema: valueToBind,
+                    updater: getAttributeUpdater(node, attrName, attrNs),
+                    data
+                });
+            }
+            // Style attribute could be an Object so it needs to be parsed in a specific way.
+            //
+            //		style: {
+            //			width: '100px',
+            //			height: Template.bind( ... ).to( ... )
+            //		}
+            //
+            else if (attrName == 'style' && typeof attrValue[0] !== 'string') {
+                this._renderStyleAttribute(attrValue[0], data);
+            }
+            // Otherwise simply set the static attribute:
+            //
+            //		class: [ 'foo' ]
+            //
+            //		class: [ 'all', 'are', 'static' ]
+            //
+            //		class: [
+            //			{
+            //				ns: 'abc',
+            //				value: [ 'foo' ]
+            //			}
+            //		]
+            //
+            else {
+                // Extend the original value of attributes like "style" and "class",
+                // don't override them.
+                if (revertData && domAttrValue && shouldExtend(attrName)) {
+                    attrValue.unshift(domAttrValue);
+                }
+                const value = attrValue
+                    // Retrieve "values" from:
+                    //
+                    //		class: [
+                    //			{
+                    //				ns: 'abc',
+                    //				value: [ ... ]
+                    //			}
+                    //		]
+                    //
+                    .map((val) => val ? (val.value || val) : val)
+                    // Flatten the array.
+                    .reduce((prev, next) => prev.concat(next), [])
+                    // Convert into string.
+                    .reduce(arrayValueReducer, '');
+                if (!isFalsy(value)) {
+                    node.setAttributeNS(attrNs, attrName, value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Renders the `style` attribute of an HTML element based on
+     * {@link module:ui/template~Template#attributes}.
+     *
+     * A style attribute is an object with static values:
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * attributes: {
+     * 	style: {
+     * 		color: 'red'
+     * 	}
+     * }
+     * ```
+     *
+     * or values bound to {@link module:ui/model~Model} properties:
+     *
+     * ```ts
+     * attributes: {
+     * 	style: {
+     * 		color: bind.to( ... )
+     * 	}
+     * }
+     * ```
+     *
+     * Note: The `style` attribute is rendered without setting the namespace. It does not seem to be
+     * needed.
+     *
+     * @param styles Styles located in `attributes.style` of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderStyleAttribute(styles, data) {
+        const node = data.node;
+        for (const styleName in styles) {
+            const styleValue = styles[styleName];
+            // Cases:
+            //
+            //		style: {
+            //			color: bind.to( 'attribute' )
+            //		}
+            //
+            if (hasTemplateBinding(styleValue)) {
+                this._bindToObservable({
+                    schema: [styleValue],
+                    updater: getStyleUpdater(node, styleName),
+                    data
+                });
+            }
+            // Cases:
+            //
+            //		style: {
+            //			color: 'red'
+            //		}
+            //
+            else {
+                node.style[styleName] = styleValue;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Recursively renders HTML element's children from {@link module:ui/template~Template#children}.
+     *
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _renderElementChildren(data) {
+        const node = data.node;
+        const container = data.intoFragment ? document.createDocumentFragment() : node;
+        const isApplying = data.isApplying;
+        let childIndex = 0;
+        for (const child of this.children) {
+            if (isViewCollection(child)) {
+                if (!isApplying) {
+                    child.setParent(node);
+                    // Note: ViewCollection renders its children.
+                    for (const view of child) {
+                        container.appendChild(view.element);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else if (isView(child)) {
+                if (!isApplying) {
+                    if (!child.isRendered) {
+                        child.render();
+                    }
+                    container.appendChild(child.element);
+                }
+            }
+            else if (isNode(child)) {
+                container.appendChild(child);
+            }
+            else {
+                if (isApplying) {
+                    const revertData = data.revertData;
+                    const childRevertData = getEmptyRevertData();
+                    revertData.children.push(childRevertData);
+                    child._renderNode({
+                        intoFragment: false,
+                        node: container.childNodes[childIndex++],
+                        isApplying: true,
+                        revertData: childRevertData
+                    });
+                }
+                else {
+                    container.appendChild(child.render());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (data.intoFragment) {
+            node.appendChild(container);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Activates `on` event listeners from the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}
+     * on an HTML element.
+     *
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _setUpListeners(data) {
+        if (!this.eventListeners) {
+            return;
+        }
+        for (const key in this.eventListeners) {
+            const revertBindings = this.eventListeners[key].map(schemaItem => {
+                const [domEvtName, domSelector] = key.split('@');
+                return schemaItem.activateDomEventListener(domEvtName, domSelector, data);
+            });
+            if (data.revertData) {
+                data.revertData.bindings.push(revertBindings);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * For a given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} containing {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}
+     * activates the binding and sets its initial value.
+     *
+     * Note: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} can be for HTML element attributes or
+     * text node `textContent`.
+     *
+     * @param options Binding options.
+     * @param options.updater A function which updates the DOM (like attribute or text).
+     * @param options.data Rendering data.
+     */
+    _bindToObservable({ schema, updater, data }) {
+        const revertData = data.revertData;
+        // Set initial values.
+        syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, data);
+        const revertBindings = schema
+            // Filter "falsy" (false, undefined, null, '') value schema components out.
+            .filter(item => !isFalsy(item))
+            // Filter inactive bindings from schema, like static strings ('foo'), numbers (42), etc.
+            .filter((item) => item.observable)
+            // Once only the actual binding are left, let the emitter listen to observable change:attribute event.
+            // TODO: Reduce the number of listeners attached as many bindings may listen
+            // to the same observable attribute.
+            .map(templateBinding => templateBinding.activateAttributeListener(schema, updater, data));
+        if (revertData) {
+            revertData.bindings.push(revertBindings);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Reverts {@link module:ui/template~RenderData#revertData template data} from a node to
+     * return it to the original state.
+     *
+     * @param node A node to be reverted.
+     * @param revertData An object that stores information about what changes have been made by
+     * {@link #apply} to the node. See {@link module:ui/template~RenderData#revertData} for more information.
+     */
+    _revertTemplateFromNode(node, revertData) {
+        for (const binding of revertData.bindings) {
+            // Each binding may consist of several observable+observable#attribute.
+            // like the following has 2:
+            //
+            //		class: [
+            //			'x',
+            //			bind.to( 'foo' ),
+            //			'y',
+            //			bind.to( 'bar' )
+            //		]
+            //
+            for (const revertBinding of binding) {
+                revertBinding();
+            }
+        }
+        if (revertData.text) {
+            node.textContent = revertData.text;
+            return;
+        }
+        const element = node;
+        for (const attrName in revertData.attributes) {
+            const attrValue = revertData.attributes[attrName];
+            // When the attribute has **not** been set before #apply().
+            if (attrValue === null) {
+                element.removeAttribute(attrName);
+            }
+            else {
+                element.setAttribute(attrName, attrValue);
+            }
+        }
+        for (let i = 0; i < revertData.children.length; ++i) {
+            this._revertTemplateFromNode(element.childNodes[i], revertData.children[i]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Describes a binding created by the {@link module:ui/template~Template.bind} interface.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class TemplateBinding {
+    /**
+     * Creates an instance of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} class.
+     *
+     * @param def The definition of the binding.
+     */
+    constructor(def) {
+        this.attribute = def.attribute;
+        this.observable = def.observable;
+        this.emitter = def.emitter;
+        this.callback = def.callback;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Returns the value of the binding. It is the value of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}. The value may be processed by the
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback}, if such has been passed to the binding.
+     *
+     * @param node A native DOM node, passed to the custom {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#callback}.
+     * @returns The value of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}.
+     */
+    getValue(node) {
+        const value = this.observable[this.attribute];
+        return this.callback ? this.callback(value, node) : value;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Activates the listener which waits for changes of the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#attribute} in
+     * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#observable}, then updates the DOM with the aggregated
+     * value of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}.
+     *
+     * @param schema A full schema to generate an attribute or text in the DOM.
+     * @param updater A DOM updater function used to update the native DOM attribute or text.
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     * @returns A function to sever the listener binding.
+     */
+    activateAttributeListener(schema, updater, data) {
+        const callback = () => syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, data);
+        this.emitter.listenTo(this.observable, `change:${this.attribute}`, callback);
+        // Allows revert of the listener.
+        return () => {
+            this.emitter.stopListening(this.observable, `change:${this.attribute}`, callback);
+        };
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Describes either:
+ *
+ * * a binding to an {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable},
+ * * or a native DOM event binding.
+ *
+ * It is created by the {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#to} method.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class TemplateToBinding extends TemplateBinding {
+    constructor(def) {
+        super(def);
+        this.eventNameOrFunction = def.eventNameOrFunction;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Activates the listener for the native DOM event, which when fired, is propagated by
+     * the {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding#emitter}.
+     *
+     * @param domEvtName The name of the native DOM event.
+     * @param domSelector The selector in the DOM to filter delegated events.
+     * @param data Rendering data.
+     * @returns A function to sever the listener binding.
+     */
+    activateDomEventListener(domEvtName, domSelector, data) {
+        const callback = (evt, domEvt) => {
+            if (!domSelector || domEvt.target.matches(domSelector)) {
+                if (typeof this.eventNameOrFunction == 'function') {
+                    this.eventNameOrFunction(domEvt);
+                }
+                else {
+                    this.observable.fire(this.eventNameOrFunction, domEvt);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        this.emitter.listenTo(data.node, domEvtName, callback);
+        // Allows revert of the listener.
+        return () => {
+            this.emitter.stopListening(data.node, domEvtName, callback);
+        };
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Describes a binding to {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} created by the {@link module:ui/template~BindChain#if}
+ * method.
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export class TemplateIfBinding extends TemplateBinding {
+    constructor(def) {
+        super(def);
+        this.valueIfTrue = def.valueIfTrue;
+    }
+    /**
+     * @inheritDoc
+     */
+    getValue(node) {
+        const value = super.getValue(node);
+        return isFalsy(value) ? false : (this.valueIfTrue || true);
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Checks whether given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} contains a
+ * {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}.
+ */
+function hasTemplateBinding(schema) {
+    if (!schema) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    // Normalize attributes with additional data like namespace:
+    //
+    //		class: {
+    //			ns: 'abc',
+    //			value: [ ... ]
+    //		}
+    //
+    if (schema.value) {
+        schema = schema.value;
+    }
+    if (Array.isArray(schema)) {
+        return schema.some(hasTemplateBinding);
+    }
+    else if (schema instanceof TemplateBinding) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+/**
+ * Assembles the value using {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema} and stores it in a form of
+ * an Array. Each entry of the Array corresponds to one of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}
+ * items.
+ *
+ * @param node DOM Node updated when {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} changes.
+ */
+function getValueSchemaValue(schema, node) {
+    return schema.map(schemaItem => {
+        // Process {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} bindings.
+        if (schemaItem instanceof TemplateBinding) {
+            return schemaItem.getValue(node);
+        }
+        // All static values like strings, numbers, and "falsy" values (false, null, undefined, '', etc.) just pass.
+        return schemaItem;
+    });
+}
+/**
+ * A function executed each time the bound Observable attribute changes, which updates the DOM with a value
+ * constructed from {@link module:ui/template~TemplateValueSchema}.
+ *
+ * @param updater A function which updates the DOM (like attribute or text).
+ * @param node DOM Node updated when {@link module:utils/observablemixin~Observable} changes.
+ */
+function syncValueSchemaValue(schema, updater, { node }) {
+    const values = getValueSchemaValue(schema, node);
+    let value;
+    // Check if schema is a single Template.bind.if, like:
+    //
+    //		class: Template.bind.if( 'foo' )
+    //
+    if (schema.length == 1 && schema[0] instanceof TemplateIfBinding) {
+        value = values[0];
+    }
+    else {
+        value = values.reduce(arrayValueReducer, '');
+    }
+    if (isFalsy(value)) {
+        updater.remove();
+    }
+    else {
+        updater.set(value);
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
+ * can be used in the context of DOM Node to set or reset `textContent`.
+ * @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
+ *
+ * @param node DOM Node to be modified.
+ */
+function getTextUpdater(node) {
+    return {
+        set(value) {
+            node.textContent = value;
+        },
+        remove() {
+            node.textContent = '';
+        }
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
+ * can be used in the context of DOM Node to set or reset an attribute.
+ * @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
+ *
+ * @param el DOM Node to be modified.
+ * @param attrName Name of the attribute to be modified.
+ * @param ns Namespace to use.
+ */
+function getAttributeUpdater(el, attrName, ns) {
+    return {
+        set(value) {
+            el.setAttributeNS(ns, attrName, value);
+        },
+        remove() {
+            el.removeAttributeNS(ns, attrName);
+        }
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * Returns an object consisting of `set` and `remove` functions, which
+ * can be used in the context of CSSStyleDeclaration to set or remove a style.
+ * @see module:ui/view~View#_bindToObservable
+ *
+ * @param el DOM Node to be modified.
+ * @param styleName Name of the style to be modified.
+ */
+function getStyleUpdater(el, styleName) {
+    return {
+        set(value) {
+            el.style[styleName] = value;
+        },
+        remove() {
+            el.style[styleName] = null;
+        }
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * Clones definition of the template.
+ */
+function clone(def) {
+    const clone = cloneDeepWith(def, value => {
+        // Don't clone the `Template.bind`* bindings because of the references to Observable
+        // and DomEmitterMixin instances inside, which would also be traversed and cloned by greedy
+        // cloneDeepWith algorithm. There's no point in cloning Observable/DomEmitterMixins
+        // along with the definition.
+        //
+        // Don't clone Template instances if provided as a child. They're simply #render()ed
+        // and nothing should interfere.
+        //
+        // Also don't clone View instances if provided as a child of the Template. The template
+        // instance will be extracted from the View during the normalization and there's no need
+        // to clone it.
+        if (value && (value instanceof TemplateBinding || isTemplate(value) || isView(value) || isViewCollection(value))) {
+            return value;
+        }
+    });
+    return clone;
+}
+/**
+ * Normalizes given {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+ *
+ * See:
+ *  * {@link normalizeAttributes}
+ *  * {@link normalizeListeners}
+ *  * {@link normalizePlainTextDefinition}
+ *  * {@link normalizeTextDefinition}
+ *
+ * @param def A template definition.
+ * @returns Normalized definition.
+ */
+function normalize(def) {
+    if (typeof def == 'string') {
+        def = normalizePlainTextDefinition(def);
+    }
+    else if (def.text) {
+        normalizeTextDefinition(def);
+    }
+    if (def.on) {
+        def.eventListeners = normalizeListeners(def.on);
+        // Template mixes EmitterMixin, so delete #on to avoid collision.
+        delete def.on;
+    }
+    if (!def.text) {
+        if (def.attributes) {
+            normalizeAttributes(def.attributes);
+        }
+        const children = [];
+        if (def.children) {
+            if (isViewCollection(def.children)) {
+                children.push(def.children);
+            }
+            else {
+                for (const child of def.children) {
+                    if (isTemplate(child) || isView(child) || isNode(child)) {
+                        children.push(child);
+                    }
+                    else {
+                        children.push(new Template(child));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        def.children = children;
+    }
+    return def;
+}
+/**
+ * Normalizes "attributes" section of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+ *
+ * ```
+ * attributes: {
+ * 	a: 'bar',
+ * 	b: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding},
+ * 	c: {
+ * 		value: 'bar'
+ * 	}
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * becomes
+ *
+ * ```
+ * attributes: {
+ * 	a: [ 'bar' ],
+ * 	b: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} ],
+ * 	c: {
+ * 		value: [ 'bar' ]
+ * 	}
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+function normalizeAttributes(attributes) {
+    for (const a in attributes) {
+        if (attributes[a].value) {
+            attributes[a].value = toArray(attributes[a].value);
+        }
+        arrayify(attributes, a);
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Normalizes "on" section of {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+ *
+ * ```
+ * on: {
+ * 	a: 'bar',
+ * 	b: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding},
+ * 	c: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}, () => { ... } ]
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * becomes
+ *
+ * ```
+ * on: {
+ * 	a: [ 'bar' ],
+ * 	b: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} ],
+ * 	c: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding}, () => { ... } ]
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @returns Object containing normalized listeners.
+ */
+function normalizeListeners(listeners) {
+    for (const l in listeners) {
+        arrayify(listeners, l);
+    }
+    return listeners;
+}
+/**
+ * Normalizes "string" {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+ *
+ * ```
+ * "foo"
+ * ```
+ *
+ * becomes
+ *
+ * ```
+ * { text: [ 'foo' ] },
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @returns Normalized template definition.
+ */
+function normalizePlainTextDefinition(def) {
+    return {
+        text: [def]
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * Normalizes text {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}.
+ *
+ * ```
+ * children: [
+ * 	{ text: 'def' },
+ * 	{ text: {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} }
+ * ]
+ * ```
+ *
+ * becomes
+ *
+ * ```
+ * children: [
+ * 	{ text: [ 'def' ] },
+ * 	{ text: [ {@link module:ui/template~TemplateBinding} ] }
+ * ]
+ * ```
+ */
+function normalizeTextDefinition(def) {
+    def.text = toArray(def.text);
+}
+/**
+ * Wraps an entry in Object in an Array, if not already one.
+ *
+ * ```
+ * {
+ * 	x: 'y',
+ * 	a: [ 'b' ]
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * becomes
+ *
+ * ```
+ * {
+ * 	x: [ 'y' ],
+ * 	a: [ 'b' ]
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+function arrayify(obj, key) {
+    obj[key] = toArray(obj[key]);
+}
+/**
+ * A helper which concatenates the value avoiding unwanted
+ * leading white spaces.
+ */
+function arrayValueReducer(prev, cur) {
+    if (isFalsy(cur)) {
+        return prev;
+    }
+    else if (isFalsy(prev)) {
+        return cur;
+    }
+    else {
+        return `${prev} ${cur}`;
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Extends one object defined in the following format:
+ *
+ * ```
+ * {
+ * 	key1: [Array1],
+ * 	key2: [Array2],
+ * 	...
+ * 	keyN: [ArrayN]
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * with another object of the same data format.
+ *
+ * @param obj Base object.
+ * @param ext Object extending base.
+ */
+function extendObjectValueArray(obj, ext) {
+    for (const a in ext) {
+        if (obj[a]) {
+            obj[a].push(...ext[a]);
+        }
+        else {
+            obj[a] = ext[a];
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * A helper for {@link module:ui/template~Template#extend}. Recursively extends {@link module:ui/template~Template} instance
+ * with content from {@link module:ui/template~TemplateDefinition}. See {@link module:ui/template~Template#extend} to learn more.
+ *
+ * @param def A template instance to be extended.
+ * @param def A definition which is to extend the template instance.
+ * @param Error context.
+ */
+function extendTemplate(template, def) {
+    if (def.attributes) {
+        if (!template.attributes) {
+            template.attributes = {};
+        }
+        extendObjectValueArray(template.attributes, def.attributes);
+    }
+    if (def.eventListeners) {
+        if (!template.eventListeners) {
+            template.eventListeners = {};
+        }
+        extendObjectValueArray(template.eventListeners, def.eventListeners);
+    }
+    if (def.text) {
+        template.text.push(...def.text);
+    }
+    if (def.children && def.children.length) {
+        if (template.children.length != def.children.length) {
+            /**
+             * The number of children in extended definition does not match.
+             *
+             * @error ui-template-extend-children-mismatch
+             */
+            throw new CKEditorError('ui-template-extend-children-mismatch', template);
+        }
+        let childIndex = 0;
+        for (const childDef of def.children) {
+            extendTemplate(template.children[childIndex++], childDef);
+        }
+    }
+}
+/**
+ * Checks if value is "falsy".
+ * Note: 0 (Number) is not "falsy" in this context.
+ *
+ * @param value Value to be checked.
+ */
+function isFalsy(value) {
+    return !value && value !== 0;
+}
+/**
+ * Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/view~View}
+ *
+ * @param value Value to be checked.
+ */
+function isView(item) {
+    return item instanceof View;
+}
+/**
+ * Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/template~Template}
+ *
+ * @param value Value to be checked.
+ */
+function isTemplate(item) {
+    return item instanceof Template;
+}
+/**
+ * Checks if the item is an instance of {@link module:ui/viewcollection~ViewCollection}
+ *
+ * @param value Value to be checked.
+ */
+function isViewCollection(item) {
+    return item instanceof ViewCollection;
+}
+/**
+ * Checks if value array contains the one with namespace.
+ */
+function isNamespaced(attrValue) {
+    return isObject(attrValue[0]) && attrValue[0].ns;
+}
+/**
+ * Creates an empty skeleton for {@link module:ui/template~Template#revert}
+ * data.
+ */
+function getEmptyRevertData() {
+    return {
+        children: [],
+        bindings: [],
+        attributes: {}
+    };
+}
+/**
+ * Checks whether an attribute should be extended when
+ * {@link module:ui/template~Template#apply} is called.
+ *
+ * @param attrName Attribute name to check.
+ */
+function shouldExtend(attrName) {
+    return attrName == 'class' || attrName == 'style';
+}